WO2024088229A1 - Non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling machine and a use method therefor. The drilling machine comprises a guide frame (2), a cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and a swing driving device (3). The guide frame (2) guides a drilling direction; the swing driving device (3) drives the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to linearly and symmetrically swing; the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) impacts and crushes rocks and soil. A drilling tool of the drilling machine does not rotate, a down-the-hole hammer power pipeline and a slag discharging pipe are not twisted with a drill rod or a steel wire rope of the down-the-hole hammer, and the pipe can be conveniently arranged for slag discharging by slurry reverse circulation or air reverse circulation. The drilling machine can drill rectangular or round wellholes, and the drilling machine and the use method thereof can be applied to slurry wall trench cutters, shaft drilling machines, shaft boring machines, mine emergency rescue drilling machines and underwater drilling machines.

Description

A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and its use method Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation drilling rigs, and more specifically to a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig. The invention also discloses a method for using the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig.

Background technique

Existing submersible drilling rigs, underground continuous wall double-wheel milling machines, shaft drilling rigs, shaft boring machines and mine rescue drilling rigs are all drill bit rotary drilling solutions. The rotary power is transmitted to the drill bit through a motor and a reducer. When the borehole size is large, the structure is complex and bulky, the transmitted rotation torque is too small, the reducer is not easy to seal underwater, the impact force of the drill bit causes the reducer to wear easily, and the extrusion and crushing drilling method causes the hard rock drilling speed to be very slow, which cannot adapt to ultra-large diameter, large size, and ultra-deep underwater drilling. So far, the world is still in the normal state of "easy to go up to the sky but difficult to go down to the ground". Some special projects require ultra-large diameters and large sizes, and a depth of kilometers. They need to deal with serious underground water inrush, collapse, and hard rock problems, and drilling construction is very difficult. For example, the submersible drilling rig has low torque, and the seal is easily damaged, so the drilling depth and diameter are small. The underwater reducer of the double-wheel milling machine for underground continuous wall is difficult to seal, the output torque is very small, the reducer wears quickly, the maintenance cost is high, and the water pressure resistance is limited to a depth of 100 meters. It is difficult to drill when encountering hard rock. The equipment in the shaft excavation machine is difficult to seal and stop water, and the water pressure resistance is not more than 100 meters deep. It takes a lot of time and huge cost to advance grouting and stop water. The shaft support speed is slow, and unmanned construction cannot be achieved underground. The safety risks are high and the cost is high. The drill rod of the shaft drilling rig is bulky, and it is time-consuming and laborious to drill and start the drill. The drill bit wears quickly, and it is easy to break the drill rod and drop the drill bit, and the drilling efficiency is extremely low. The diameter of the hole drilled by the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer mine emergency rescue drill is no more than 1 meter, and the size is difficult to meet the rescue needs. The rotating drill rod and drill bit cannot achieve directional drilling. Before drilling the rescue well, a guide hole must be drilled first, which takes a long time and loses precious golden rescue time. The current economic development urgently needs to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and improve the drilling equipment technology for large diameter and large size, ultra-deep wellbore, and high-strength rock formations to meet the increasing needs of various construction such as deep foundation, underground space development, drilling, mining, shaft construction, underground energy storage, national defense, and mine emergency rescue drilling.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technical solution for geotechnical drilling equipment with a simple and durable equipment structure, low manufacturing cost, ultra-large drilling diameter or size, fast drilling speed, directional drilling capability, and adaptability to drilling in ultra-deep water and complex environments.

Summary of the invention

The first purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing background technology and provide a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill. The present invention provides a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill, and the drill bit is a linear reciprocating swing drilling method on the bottom of the wellbore. It has the advantages of simple, reliable and durable structure, huge swing force, ultra-large carrying power, ultra-fast drilling speed in hard rock formations, and directional drilling. It is suitable for working in large diameters and large sizes of more than 10 meters, underwater at a depth of more than a kilometer, and in dusty, humid and high-temperature environments. It can drill rectangular, circular wellbores or annular coring drilling, and can be applied to submersible drilling rigs, underground continuous wall milling machines, shaft drilling rigs, shaft boring machines and mine emergency rescue drilling rigs.

The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill, which has high drilling efficiency and low cost.

In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig, characterized in that it includes a cluster down-the-hole hammer, a guide frame, a swing drive device, a wire rope, an air intake pipe, a hydraulic oil pipe, a slag discharge pipe, an exhaust pipe, a main crane, an air compressor, a mud purifier, a pin shaft, a single down-the-hole hammer, a drill bit, a slag inlet, a correction plate, and a well wall;

The cluster down-the-hole hammers are in pairs and are arranged linearly and symmetrically in one direction on the bottom surface of the wellbore, leaving swing space for the cluster down-the-hole hammers between each other; the cluster down-the-hole hammers are movably mounted on the bottom of the guide frame through the pin shaft, the swing drive device connects the cluster down-the-hole hammers and the guide frame in an articulated manner, and the hydraulic cylinder on the swing drive device telescopically drives the cluster down-the-hole hammers to swing synchronously and symmetrically back and forth in pairs, and the swing range of the cluster down-the-hole hammers is controlled by the guide frame, and the outer side swings to reach the well wall, and the inner side swings until the two cluster down-the-hole hammers are completely close to each other;

The drill bits on the cluster down-the-hole hammer are arranged continuously in the transverse direction of the swing direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, and the transverse spacing of the drill teeth of the drill bits is about 20 mm, so as to ensure that the rocks between them are completely broken;

The main crane suspends the top of the guide frame through the steel wire rope; the guide frame matches the size of the well wall and is kept in close contact with the well wall so that it can slide around, and the guide frame is equipped with the correcting plates around the upper and lower ends;

The steel wire rope, the air inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe are suspended in the wellbore and arranged in parallel, and are automatically controlled to rise and fall synchronously by the drilling rig;

The upper end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air compressor, and the lower end enters the wellbore, and the guide frame is connected to the air inlet of the single down-the-hole hammer on the cluster down-the-hole hammer;

The upper end of the hydraulic oil pipe is connected to the hydraulic pipeline on the main crane, and the lower end enters the wellbore and is connected to the guide frame and the hydraulic cylinder on the swing drive device;

The upper end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the mud purifier, and the lower end enters the wellbore, passes through the guide frame, the interior of the cluster down-the-hole hammer and communicates with the slag inlet;

The upper end of the exhaust pipe is open to the atmosphere, and the lower end enters the wellbore, passes through the guide frame, enters the cluster down-the-hole hammer, and is connected to the exhaust hole of the single down-the-hole hammer.

In the above solution, the bottom shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular.

In the above scheme, the bottom of the drill bit of each of the individual down-the-hole hammers on the cluster down-the-hole hammer has no exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is arranged on the outer side of the impactor of the individual down-the-hole hammer. The exhaust hole of each of the individual down-the-hole hammers is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmospheric environment outside the wellbore through the exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust gas of the cluster down-the-hole hammer will not be discharged into the wellbore.

In the above scheme, an inclinometer and an azimuth are installed on the guide frame to measure the spatial posture parameters of the guide frame in real time. The drilling rig instructs the correction plate to retract and change the drilling direction of the drilling rig, and performs drilling direction guidance or correction in real time to realize the directional drilling function of the drilling rig.

In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, a method for using the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill is provided, wherein: The characteristics are: including the following steps,

step one;

The guide frame, the steel wire rope, the air inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe are lowered synchronously, so that the cluster down-the-hole hammer contacts the bottom surface of the wellbore, and the guide frame guides the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) or corrects the direction; the correction method is: the drilling rig measures the spatial posture parameters of the guide frame in real time according to the inclinometer and the azimuth meter, instructs the correction plate to extend and retract, and slowly changes the direction of the guide frame to correct the deviation;

Step 2:

The swing drive device is started to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer to swing linearly and symmetrically in one direction along the bottom surface of the wellbore, approach or separate within the wellbore, and high-pressure air is input into the cluster down-the-hole hammer through the air inlet pipe. The drill bit impacts and breaks the rock and soil, and the drill cuttings are discharged out of the wellbore through the discharge pipe in a reverse circulation manner by mud or air medium. In the loose overburden formation, mud reverse circulation is used for drilling and the mud is returned to the wellbore after purification, and mud wall protection is used to protect the wellbore from collapse;

Step 3:

The guide frame, the drill rod, the air inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil pipe, the slag discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe are lowered synchronously with the drilling until the drilling is completed.

In the above scheme, the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular; the cross-sectional shape of the wellbore after drilling is rectangular or approximately circular, or annular with a core left;

When the cluster down-the-hole hammer is in a semicircular shape, the core is taken out by ring cutting into the wellbore.

In the above scheme, in step 2, when the drill hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is input into the slag inlet pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer to form mud air lift reverse circulation slag discharge;

When the drilling hole is a dry hole without water, an air jet nozzle is installed in the slag inlet pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer to inject high-pressure air, thereby generating an air jet-suction effect to suck the drill slag into the slag discharge pipe and discharge it out of the wellbore, thus forming an air reverse circulation slag discharge;

When drilling a shallow hole, an air jet nozzle for inward spraying is installed in the slag inlet pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer, and high-pressure air is input to produce an air jet-suction effect to suck mud and drilling cuttings into the slag discharge pipe, forming air jet-suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge.

The present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The drilling rig of the present invention has a simple and durable structure, low cost and long maintenance cycle;

(2) The drilling rig of the present invention has a very large swing driving force and can drill large-sized wells with a diameter of more than 10 meters;

(3) The drilling rig swing drive device of the present invention can be a hydraulic cylinder that can withstand the water pressure at a depth of one kilometer, thereby avoiding the problem of the rotary drive device being difficult to seal and not being able to withstand water pressure. The drilling rig can operate in deep water at a depth of one kilometer or above or in a dusty, humid, and high-temperature environment;

(4) The drilling rig of the present invention has a directional drilling function;

(5) The drilling tool of the present invention does not rotate, and the power pipeline and slag discharge pipeline of the down-the-hole hammer will not be twisted with the drill rod or wire rope of the down-the-hole hammer, which is convenient for setting up pipelines for slag discharge in a mud reverse circulation method or an air reverse circulation method, thereby broadening the application scope of the down-the-hole hammer.

Based on the above content, the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill provided by the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of being not resistant to water pressure, easy to wear, slow drilling speed, small drilling diameter, and inability to drill into rectangular cross-sections compared with the existing submersible drilling rigs, underground continuous wall double-wheel milling machines, shaft drilling rigs, shaft boring machines, and mine rescue drilling rigs. It has a simple structure and low cost, can drill into ultra-large diameter and large-size underwater wellbores of more than 10 meters and a depth of kilometers, can work in complex environments, can drill into rectangular, circular wellbores or annular coring, has super fast drilling speed, and can be applied to submersible drilling rigs, underground continuous wall milling machines, shaft drilling rigs, shaft boring machines, and mine emergency rescue drilling rigs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drilling rig according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic elevation view of a cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention swinging to a well wall position;

FIG3 is a schematic elevation view of the cluster down-the-hole hammer of the present invention when it swings to a position close to each other;

FIG4 is a schematic plan view of a rectangular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention swinging to a well wall position;

FIG5 is a plan view of a rectangular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention swinging to a close position;

FIG6 is a schematic plan view of a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer for swing drilling according to the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic plan view of a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer swinging to a well wall position according to the present invention;

FIG8 is a plan view of a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention swinging to a close position;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the shape of a wellbore completed by drilling with a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention and a standard circular wellbore;

In the figure, FIG10 is a plan view of the semicircular ring-shaped cluster down-the-hole hammer swing drilling of the present invention;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a semicircular annular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention swinging to a close plane;

FIG12 is a plan view of a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention swinging to the well wall position;

FIG13 is a schematic plan view of a cross section of a well wall after drilling by a semicircular cluster down-the-hole hammer according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1-cluster down-the-hole hammer, 2-guide frame, 3-swing drive device, 4-wire rope, 5-intake pipe, 6-hydraulic oil pipe, 7-slag discharge pipe, 8-exhaust pipe, 9-main crane, 10-air compressor, 11-mud purifier, 12-pin shaft, 13-single down-the-hole hammer, 14-drill bit, 15-slag inlet, 16-correction plate, 17-well wall; A-well wall of the completed wellbore, B-standard circular line; C-outer well wall, D-inner logging well wall, E-core.

Detailed ways

The following detailed description of the implementation of the present invention is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention and are only given as examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the description.

Referring to the attached drawings, it can be seen that a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and a method of using the same include 1-clustered down-the-hole hammer, 2-guide frame, 3-swing drive device, 4-wire rope, 5-air inlet pipe, 6-hydraulic oil pipe, 7-slag discharge pipe, 8-exhaust pipe, 9-main crane, 10-air Press, 11-mud purifier, 12-pin shaft, 13-single down-the-hole hammer, 14-drill bit, 15-slag inlet, 16-correction plate, 17-well wall;

The cluster down-the-hole hammers 1 are in pairs, and are arranged symmetrically in a straight line in one direction on the bottom of the wellbore, leaving swing space between each other. One end of the swing drive device 3 is hinged on the guide frame 2, and the other end is hinged on the driving cluster down-the-hole hammer 1. The hydraulic cylinder on the swing drive device 3 is extended and retracted under the control of the drilling rig, and applies thrust or pulling force to the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, providing the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 with the tangential force required for rock drilling. The cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 reciprocates and swings around the pin 12. The drill bit 14 of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is arranged continuously in the transverse direction of the swing direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and the transverse spacing of the drill teeth of the drill bit 14 is about 20 mm, ensuring that all rocks between the drill teeth are broken. The swing drive device 3 makes the paired cluster down-the-hole hammers 1 swing back and forth synchronously and symmetrically. The outer side of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 swings to reach the well wall 17, and the inner side swings to get close to each other, so that all the rock and soil on the bottom of the wellbore are impacted and drilled by the drill bit 14. The drilling impact power of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is provided by the high-pressure air delivered by the air inlet pipe 5, and the drilling pressure of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is provided by the deadweight of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and the guide frame 2. The drilling pressure is controlled by the lifting force applied by the wire rope 4 to the top of the guide frame 2, and is adjusted by the tension of the wire rope 4 according to the requirements of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and rock drilling parameters.

The guide frame 2 and the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 never rotate in the drilling axis direction during the drilling and lifting process. The wire rope 4, the air inlet pipe 5, the hydraulic oil pipe 6, the slag discharge pipe 7, and the exhaust pipe 8 are suspended and arranged in parallel in the wellbore. The drilling rig controls the synchronous lifting and lowering. They are relatively still and will not be twisted or damaged by friction.

There is no exhaust hole at the bottom of the drill bit 14 of each individual down-the-hole hammer 13 on the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1. The exhaust hole is on the outer side of the impactor of the individual down-the-hole hammer 13. The exhaust hole of each individual down-the-hole hammer 13 is connected to the exhaust pipe 8. The exhaust gas is discharged into the atmospheric environment outside the wellbore through the exhaust pipe 8, so that the exhaust gas of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 will not be discharged into the wellbore.

The upper end of the slag discharge pipe 7 is connected to the slurry purifier 11, and the lower end enters the wellbore and passes through the guide frame 2, the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 and is connected to the slag inlet 15. The drilled cuttings are discharged from the wellbore through the slag discharge pipe 7 in a reverse circulation manner by means of mud or air medium. When the borehole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is input into the slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to form mud air lift reverse circulation slag discharge. When the borehole is a water-free dry hole, an air jet nozzle for inward injection is installed in the slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and high-pressure air is input to generate an air injection and suction effect to suck the drilled cuttings into the slag discharge pipe 7, forming air reverse circulation slag discharge. When the borehole is a shallow hole, an air jet nozzle for inward injection is installed in the slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and high-pressure air is input to generate an air injection and suction effect to suck mud and drilled cuttings into the slag discharge pipe 7, forming air injection and suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge.

In loose overburden formations, drilling uses mud reverse circulation to remove slag, and the purified mud returns to the wellbore. Because all the exhaust gas from the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 will not be discharged into the wellbore, the mud wall protection will not be affected by the exhaust gas. The mud wall protection is used to prevent the wellbore from collapsing, avoiding the use of full casing follow-up to extend the construction period and consume huge casing follow-up costs.

The guide frame 2 has a certain length, and its size matches the size of the well wall 17, and they are close to each other and can slide around. An inclinometer and an azimuth are installed on the guide frame 2. A plurality of correction plates 16 are installed around the upper and lower ends of the guide frame 2. The guide frame 2 is clamped by the well wall 17 to guide the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 along the extension line of the guide frame to forward, thereby realizing the function of guiding the drilling direction. The directional drilling or drilling direction correction method is: the drilling rig measures the spatial posture parameters of the guide frame 2 according to the inclinometer and the azimuth, and instructs the correction plates 16 to extend and retract, so that different correction plates 16 on the guide frame 2 apply thrust to the well wall, adjust the guiding direction of the guide frame 2 to change the current drilling direction, and realize the directional drilling or correction function.

The shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, when the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is rectangular, the cross-sectional shape of the wellbore after drilling is rectangular. As shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, when the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is semicircular, the cross-sectional shape of the wellbore after drilling is approximately a standard circle. As shown in Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13, when the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is semicircular, the cross-sectional shape of the wellbore after drilling is approximately a standard circle, forming a circular core, realizing a segmented coring drilling process, reducing the volume of broken rock and saving costs.

The clustered down-the-hole hammer 1 is driven by a swing drive device 3 to swing and drill. The mechanical structure in the wellbore is simple. The swing drive device 3 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder of the swing drive device 3 can be multiple groups. It is small in size, simple in structure and durable. It can provide huge swing force and can drill into super-large wellbores with a diameter of more than 10 meters. The telescopic cylinder of the swing drive device 3 is installed with internal and external bidirectional sealing rings, which can achieve very high internal and external sealing pressures, reaching 30-50 MPa sealing pressure. A check valve is installed inside the single down-the-hole hammer 13 to prevent mud and sand from entering the down-the-hole hammer. The drilling depth recorded in engineering practice reaches more than 4,000 meters. The down-the-hole hammer can carry a very powerful air power, with large impact energy, high impact frequency, and super fast drilling speed. The down-the-hole hammer uses high-pressure gas as the impact power transmission medium, which can be transported from the ground outside the wellbore through a large flow pipeline to the down-the-hole hammer at the bottom of the well for an ultra-long distance. There are fewer links in the transportation, and the power loss is super large. It is suitable for underwater drilling work at a depth of kilometers, and can be applied to ultra-deep vertical shaft construction machinery. The exhaust hole of the single down-the-hole hammer 13 in the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is arranged on the outer surface of the impactor and is connected to the atmospheric environment through the exhaust pipe 8. The cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 forms a closed air reverse circulation, which reduces the exhaust pressure of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to the minimum, maintains the highest impact energy efficiency, and is suitable for kilometer-level deep well drilling.

The air power of the single down-the-hole hammer 13 is directly transmitted to the single down-the-hole hammer 13 by the air intake pipe 5 for impact drilling. The air power transmission path is direct, and the transmission power is not limited by the mechanical structure and can be very large. The single down-the-hole hammer 13 has a large number of high-frequency impact bearing power, the drilling speed of hard rock is very fast, the energy efficiency is high, and the drilling speed of the drilling rig of the present invention is super fast.

Referring to the attached drawings, it can be seen that the method for using the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill comprises the following steps:

step one

The guide frame 2, the wire rope 4, the air inlet pipe 5, the hydraulic oil pipe 6, the slag discharge pipe 7, and the exhaust pipe 8 are lowered synchronously, so that the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 contacts the bottom surface of the wellbore, and the guide frame 2 guides the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 or corrects the direction; the correction method is: the drilling rig measures the spatial posture parameters of the guide frame 2 according to the inclinometer and the azimuth instrument, and instructs the correction plate 16 to correct the deviation by retracting;

Step 2

The swing drive device 3 is started to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to swing back and forth linearly and symmetrically in one direction along the bottom of the well, and the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 is brought closer or separated within the wellbore. High-pressure air is input to the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and the drill bit 14 impacts and breaks the rock and soil. The drilling slag is discharged from the wellbore through the slag discharge pipe 7 by the mud or air medium in a reverse circulation manner. In the loose overburden formation, the mud reverse circulation slag discharge is adopted during drilling, and the purified mud is returned to the wellbore, and the mud wall protects the wellbore from collapse.

Step 3

As drilling proceeds, the guide frame 2, drill rod 4, air inlet pipe 5, hydraulic oil pipe 6, slag discharge pipe 7 and exhaust pipe 8 are lowered synchronously until the drilling is completed.

In the above scheme, in step 3, when the drill hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is input into the inlet at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1. The air nozzle in the slag outlet 15 pipe inputs high-pressure air to form mud air lift reverse circulation slag discharge;

When the drilling hole is a dry hole without water, an air jet nozzle is installed in the slag inlet 15 at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1 to inject high-pressure air, which produces an air jet-suction effect to suck the drilling slag into the slag discharge pipe 7 to discharge the drilling slag, forming an air reverse circulation slag discharge;

When drilling a shallow hole, an internally-injected air jet nozzle is installed in the slag inlet 15 pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer 1, and high-pressure air is input to produce an air jet-suction effect to suck mud and drilling cuttings into the slag discharge pipe 7 to discharge the mud and drilling cuttings, thereby forming an air jet-suction mud reverse circulation slag discharge.

In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and the use method thereof described in the present invention compared with the prior art, the two technical solutions are compared, and the comparison results are shown in the following table:

It can be seen from the above table that compared with the prior art, the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill and the method of using the same described in the present invention have good sealing performance, simple and durable equipment structure, high drilling efficiency, and are suitable for working in ultra-large diameter, ultra-deep underwater and complex geological environments.

Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims (7)

A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig, characterized in that it comprises a cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), a guide frame (2), a swing driving device (3), a wire rope (4), an air inlet pipe (5), a hydraulic oil pipe (6), a slag discharge pipe (7), an exhaust pipe (8), a main crane (9), an air compressor (10), a mud purifier (11), a pin shaft (12), a single down-the-hole hammer (13), a drill bit (14), a slag inlet (15), a deviation correction plate (16), and a well wall (17); There are two cluster down-the-hole hammers (1), which are arranged linearly and symmetrically in one direction on the bottom surface of the wellbore, leaving a swing space for the cluster down-the-hole hammers (1) between them; the cluster down-the-hole hammers (1) are movably mounted on the bottom of the guide frame (2) through the pin shaft (12); the swing drive device (3) is hingedly connected to the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) and the guide frame (2); the hydraulic cylinder on the swing drive device (3) drives the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to swing synchronously and symmetrically back and forth; the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) swings under the guidance of the guide frame (2), the outer side reaches the well wall (17), and the inner side swings until they are completely close to each other; The drill bits (14) on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) are arranged continuously in the transverse direction of the swing direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and the transverse spacing of the drill teeth of the drill bits (14) is about 20 mm, so as to ensure that the rocks are completely crushed between the drill teeth in the transverse direction; The main crane (9) suspends the top of the guide frame (2) through the steel wire rope (4); the guide frame (2) matches the size of the well wall (17) and is kept in close contact with the well wall (17) so that it can slide in the drilling direction and will not rotate. The guide frame (2) is installed around the upper and lower ends of the guide frame (2); The steel wire rope (4), the air inlet pipe (5), the hydraulic oil pipe (6), the slag discharge pipe (7), and the exhaust pipe (8) are suspended in the wellbore and arranged in parallel, and are automatically controlled to rise and fall synchronously by the drilling rig; The upper end of the air inlet pipe (5) is connected to the air compressor (10), and the lower end enters the wellbore, and the guide frame (2) is connected to the air inlet of the single down-the-hole hammer (13) on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1); The upper end of the hydraulic oil pipe (6) is connected to the hydraulic pipeline on the main crane (9), and the lower end enters the wellbore, passes through the guide frame (2), and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder on the swing drive device (3); The upper end of the slag discharge pipe (7) is connected to the mud purifier (11), and the lower end enters the wellbore, passes through the guide frame (2), the interior of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and is connected to the slag inlet (15); The upper end of the exhaust pipe (8) is open to the atmosphere, and the lower end enters the wellbore, passes through the guide frame (2), enters the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and is connected to the exhaust hole of the single down-the-hole hammer (13). According to the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the bottom shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular. A non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bottom of the drill bit (14) of each of the individual down-the-hole hammers (13) on the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) has no exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is arranged on the outer side of the impactor of the individual down-the-hole hammer (13), the exhaust hole of each of the individual down-the-hole hammers (13) is connected to the exhaust pipe (8), and the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere outside the wellbore through the exhaust pipe (8), so that the exhaust gas of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) will not be discharged into the wellbore. According to the non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill rig described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: an inclinometer and an azimuth meter are installed on the guide frame (2), which measure the spatial posture parameters of the guide frame (2) in real time, guide the correction plate (16) to extend and retract to change the drilling direction of the drilling rig, and perform drilling direction guidance or correction in real time to realize the directional drilling function of the drilling rig. The method of using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: step one; The guide frame (2), the steel wire rope (4), the air inlet pipe (5), the hydraulic oil pipe (6), the slag discharge pipe (7), and the exhaust pipe (8) are lowered synchronously, and the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is brought into contact with the bottom surface of the wellbore. The guide frame (2) guides the drilling direction of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) or corrects the direction. The correction method is: the inclinometer and the azimuth meter on the guide frame (2) measure the spatial posture parameters of the guide frame (2) in real time, guide the correction plate (16) to extend and retract to change the direction of the guide frame (2) in real time, guide the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to change the drilling direction for correction, and realize the directional drilling function of the drilling rig; Step 2: The swing drive device (3) is started to drive the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to swing linearly and synchronously and symmetrically in one direction on the bottom surface of the wellbore, approaching or separating within the wellbore, and high-pressure air is input to the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and the drill bit (14) impacts and breaks the rock and soil, and the drilling cuttings are discharged out of the wellbore through the cuttings discharge pipe (7) in a reverse circulation manner using mud or air as a medium; In loose overburden formations, drilling uses mud reverse circulation to remove slag, the purified mud returns to the wellbore, and mud wall protection is used to protect the wellbore from collapse; Step 3: As drilling proceeds, the guide frame (2), the drill rod (4), the air inlet pipe (5), the hydraulic oil pipe (6), the slag discharge pipe (7) and the exhaust pipe (8) are lowered synchronously until drilling is completed. According to the method for using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drilling rig as described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the shape of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is rectangular or semicircular, or semicircular; the cross-sectional shape of the wellbore after drilling is rectangular or approximately circular, or annular with a core left; When the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) is in the shape of a semicircular ring, the core is extracted by ring cutting into the wellbore. The method for using a non-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 2, when the drilled hole is a water-wet hole, high-pressure air is input into the slag inlet (15) pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1) to form mud gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge, and the drilled slag and mud are discharged from the wellbore through the slag discharge pipe (7); When the drilled hole is a dry hole without water, an air jet nozzle for inward spraying is installed in the slag inlet (15) pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and high-pressure air is input to generate an air jet-suction effect to suck the drilled slag into the slag discharge pipe (7) and discharge it into the wellbore, thereby forming an air reverse circulation slag discharge; When drilling a shallow hole, an air jet nozzle for inward spraying is installed in the slag inlet (15) pipe at the bottom of the cluster down-the-hole hammer (1), and high-pressure air is input to generate an air jetting effect to suck mud and drill cuttings into the slag discharge pipe (7), forming an air jetting mud reverse circulation slag discharge, and the drill cuttings and mud are discharged from the wellbore through the slag discharge pipe (7).