WO2024080273A1 - ポリエステルフィルム - Google Patents
ポリエステルフィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024080273A1 WO2024080273A1 PCT/JP2023/036716 JP2023036716W WO2024080273A1 WO 2024080273 A1 WO2024080273 A1 WO 2024080273A1 JP 2023036716 W JP2023036716 W JP 2023036716W WO 2024080273 A1 WO2024080273 A1 WO 2024080273A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/185—Acids containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G63/187—Acids containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings containing condensed aromatic rings
- C08G63/189—Acids containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings containing condensed aromatic rings containing a naphthalene ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to polyester films.
- Polyester films especially polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate films, are widely used as materials for a variety of purposes due to their excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Patent Document 1 polyester made from 1,3-propanediol and 1,4-butanediol derived from biomass resources
- Patent Document 2 polyester made from 1,3-propanediol and 1,4-butanediol derived from biomass resources
- polyesters reported in Patent Documents 1 and 2 it is difficult for the polyesters reported in Patent Documents 1 and 2 to achieve the required level of heat resistance and mechanical properties, for example, in applications where high levels of heat resistance and mechanical properties are required.
- the main objective of the present invention is to provide a polyester film that contains components derived from biomass raw materials that have a low environmental impact, while also achieving a variety of high-level properties.
- a polyester film containing a polyester having diol units containing ethylene glycol units derived from biomass raw materials and dicarboxylic acid units containing naphthalenedicarboxylic acid units can achieve a variety of high-level properties. Based on this knowledge, the inventors have further intensively researched and completed the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- [Item 1] A polyester film comprising a polyester having diol units including ethylene glycol units and dicarboxylic acid units including naphthalenedicarboxylic acid units derived from a biomass raw material.
- [Item 2] 2. The polyester film according to item 1, wherein the polyester accounts for 1 to 100% by mass of all resins contained in the polyester film.
- [Item 3] 3. The polyester film according to item 1 or 2, which is stretched in at least one direction.
- [Item 4] Item 3.
- polyester film according to item 1 or 2 for use in any one of the following items (1) to (13): (1) Electrical insulating film (2) Flexible circuit board (3) Flexible circuit board cover film (4) Film capacitor (5) Polarizer protection film (6) Surface protection film for displays (7) High barrier substrate (8) Film for foldable displays (9) Insulating film for motors (10) Membrane touch switch substrate (11) Gasket for fuel cells (12) Magnetic tape substrate (13) Decorative film
- polyester film that contains components derived from biomass raw materials that have a low environmental impact and that has a high level of various properties, and it is possible to provide a polyester film suitable for various applications such as the following.
- Electrical insulating film (2) Flexible circuit board (3) Flexible circuit board cover film (4) Film capacitor (5) Polarizer protection film (6) Surface protection film for displays (7) High barrier substrate (8) Film for foldable displays (9) Insulating film for motors (10) Membrane touch switch substrate (11) Gasket for fuel cells (12) Magnetic tape substrate (13) Decorative film
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for measuring a hold angle in a bending direction.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a sample film sandwiched between two PTFE plates.
- the polyester film of the present invention is characterized by containing a polyester having diol units containing ethylene glycol units derived from biomass raw materials and dicarboxylic acid units containing naphthalenedicarboxylic acid units (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "bio-PEN").
- biomass refers to organic resources derived from living organisms such as animals and plants, excluding fossil resources.
- biomass include waste resources, unused resources, and production resources.
- waste resources include livestock excrement, food waste, waste paper, black liquor (pulp mill wastewater), sewage sludge, human waste sludge, construction wood, and sawmill residues.
- unused resources include rice straw, wheat straw, rice husks, bagasse, and forest residues.
- production resources include carbohydrate resources such as sugar cane, starch resources such as corn, oil resources such as palm oil and rapeseed oil, willow, poplar, and switchgrass.
- the diol units of bioPEN are derived from a diol component containing ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material.
- the ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material is preferably produced from, for example, ethanol produced using biomass as a raw material (biomass ethanol).
- the biomass is preferably a carbohydrate resource such as sugar cane.
- ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material can be obtained by a method of producing ethylene glycol via ethylene oxide from biomass ethanol using a conventionally known method.
- ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material may be used, and for example, ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material commercially available from India Glycoal Co., Ltd., Taiwan Green Tea Co., Ltd. can be preferably used.
- the diol component is not particularly limited as long as it contains ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material.
- the ethylene glycol in the diol component may be only ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material, or may be a combination of ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material and ethylene glycol derived from a fossil raw material.
- the diol component may further contain a diol component other than ethylene glycol.
- diol components other than ethylene glycol include diethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, dimer diol, and combinations of two or more of these.
- the content of ethylene glycol derived from the biomass raw material in the diol component is preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 85 mol% or more, even more preferably 90 mol% or more, and even more preferably 95 mol% or more.
- the content may be, for example, 100 mol% or less, 99.9 mol% or less, 99.5 mol% or less, or 99 mol% or less.
- the content may be, for example, within the range of 80 to 100 mol%.
- the dicarboxylic acid units of bio-PEN are derived from a dicarboxylic acid component containing naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and/or its ester-forming derivatives.
- Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid exists in isomers such as 2,6-, 2,7-, 1,4-, 1,5-, and 1,6-. From the viewpoint of the properties and cost when made into a polymer, it is preferable to use 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and/or its ester-forming derivatives.
- the dicarboxylic acid component may further contain a dicarboxylic acid component other than naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and its ester-forming derivatives.
- dicarboxylic acid components other than naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and its ester-forming derivatives include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 4,4'-diphenyldicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, ester-forming derivatives thereof, and combinations of two or more of these.
- the ester-forming derivative refers to a lower alkyl ester of a dicarboxylic acid (wherein the lower alkyl is C1-6 alkyl, etc., which may be optionally substituted with a substituent such as a hydroxy group), an anhydride, a halide (e.g., chloride), etc., and preferably used are a methyl ester, an ethyl ester, a hydroxyethyl ester, etc.
- the content of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and/or its ester-forming derivative in the dicarboxylic acid component is preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 85 mol% or more, even more preferably 90 mol% or more, and even more preferably 95 mol% or more.
- the content may be, for example, 100 mol% or less, 99.9 mol% or less, 99.5 mol% or less, or 99 mol% or less.
- the content may be, for example, within the range of 80 to 100 mol%.
- the bio-PEN is preferably a polyester having ethylene glycol units and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid units derived from biomass raw materials (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "bio-2,6-PEN").
- the polyester film of the present invention may further contain a resin other than bioPEN.
- resins other than bioPEN include polyesters other than bioPEN, olefin resins, acrylic resins, styrene resins, polycarbonate resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, and combinations of two or more of these. Among these, polyesters other than bioPEN are preferred.
- polyesters other than bioPEN include polyesters (PEN) having ethylene glycol units and naphthalene dicarboxylic acid units that do not contain ethylene glycol derived from biomass raw materials, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), and polypropylene terephthalate (PPT).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PBN polybutylene naphthalate
- PPT polypropylene terephthalate
- PEN other than bioPEN for example, PEN derived only from fossil raw materials (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "PEN derived from fossil raw materials"), is preferably used.
- the proportion of bio-PEN (particularly bio-2,6-PEN) in the total resin contained in the polyester film of the present invention is preferably 1 to 100% by mass.
- a to B means A or more and B or less.
- the proportion is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and even more preferably 20% by mass or more.
- the proportion may be, for example, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, 50% by mass or more, 60% by mass or more, 70% by mass or more, or 80% by mass or more.
- the proportion may be, for example, 99% by mass or less, 95% by mass or less, or 90% by mass or less.
- the proportion of bio-PEN to the total of bio-PEN and fossil raw material-derived PEN can be selected from the same range as above (for example, 1 to 100% by mass).
- the biomass degree is defined as an index showing the proportion of components derived from biomass raw materials among the components constituting a polymer. That is, the biomass degree is the mass ratio of components derived from biomass raw materials to the components constituting a polymer.
- the biomass degree is calculated as follows from the molecular weights of the respective monomer units when the polyester is produced.
- the biomass degree of the total resin is the mass ratio of the components derived from the biomass raw material to the total resin.
- the biomass degree of the resin is 12.4%.
- the biomass degree of the total resin is preferably 0.2 to 100%, more preferably 1 to 100%, and particularly preferably 5 to 100%.
- the intrinsic viscosity of at least one type of resin pellet is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 1 dl/g. If the intrinsic viscosity is 0.4 dl/g or more, the impact resistance of the obtained film is improved, and disconnection of the internal circuitry of the display due to external impact is less likely to occur, which is preferable. On the other hand, if the intrinsic viscosity is 1 dl/g or less, the filtration pressure of the molten fluid does not increase too much, making it easier to operate the film production stably, which is preferable.
- the intrinsic viscosity of at least one type of resin pellet is 0.5 to 0.8 dl/g, and may be 0.55 to 0.7 dl/g.
- the polyester film of the present invention can also contain recycled polymers that are produced by crushing, drying, and melt-extruding used films (e.g., polyester films containing bio-PEN) and film portions that cannot be commercialized during the film-making process.
- recycled polymers e.g., polyester films containing bio-PEN
- the inclusion of recycled polymers is preferable because it makes it possible to further reduce the environmental load.
- the proportion of recycled polymers in the total resin contained in the polyester film of the present invention may be, for example, 70% by mass or less, 65% by mass or less, 60% by mass or less, 55% by mass or less, or 50% by mass or less.
- the proportion may be, for example, 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, or 10% by mass or more.
- the thickness of the polyester film of the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 300 ⁇ m, and more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 275 ⁇ m or less.
- a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more can prevent breakage during film formation, and a thickness of 300 ⁇ m or less is excellent in terms of thickness unevenness.
- the thickness can be measured, for example, by the method described in the examples below.
- the polyester film of the present invention can contain inactive particles in the polyester for the purpose of improving handling.
- the inactive particles may be contained in the bio-PEN, but it is preferable to contain them in the polyester other than the bio-PEN.
- the inactive particles may be inorganic or organic. Examples of inorganic particles include spherical silica, aluminum silicate particles, titanium dioxide particles, calcium carbonate particles, and agglomerated silica particles. Examples of organic particles include cross-linked polystyrene resin particles, cross-linked silicone resin particles, cross-linked acrylic resin particles, cross-linked styrene-acrylic resin particles, cross-linked polyester particles, polyimide particles, and melamine resin particles.
- the inactive particles can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
- the average particle size of the inactive particles is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size can be measured, for example, by the method described in the Examples below.
- inactive particles to resin there are several methods for adding inactive particles to resin, including adding the particles to some of the components that make up the resin and polymerizing them as a slurry, and adding them using a twin-screw extruder after polymerization of the resin, and any of these methods can be used.
- the preferred amount of inactive particles to be added is 0.001% to 2% of the total film mass, more preferably 0.01% to 1%, and particularly preferably 0.1% to 0.8%.
- the surface of the polyester film can be treated to improve adhesion with the resin that forms the hard coat layer or the like.
- Surface treatment methods include, for example, roughening treatment using sandblasting or solvent treatment, corona discharge treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, plasma treatment, ozone or ultraviolet irradiation treatment, flame treatment, chromic acid treatment, hot air treatment, and other oxidation treatments, and can be used without any particular limitations.
- an adhesion improving layer such as an easy-adhesion layer in the polyester film of the present invention
- the adhesion to a hard coat layer can be improved.
- the easy-adhesion layer for example, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, polyether resin, etc. can be used without any particular limitation.
- the easy-adhesion layer can be formed by a general coating method, preferably a so-called in-line coating formulation. For applications requiring particularly high transparency such as display applications, a method is generally adopted in which inactive particles are not added to the polyester resin, but a coating layer is provided on the film surface and inactive particles are contained in the layer to improve handling.
- the layer structure of the polyester film of the present invention is not limited and may be a single layer or a laminated structure of two or more layers depending on the application.
- the polyester film of the present invention is preferably stretched in at least one direction.
- the polyester film of the present invention can be produced by a method known per se.
- the polyester film of the present invention can be produced by molding a resin composition containing a polyester (bio-PEN) obtained by polymerization of a diol component containing ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material and a dicarboxylic acid component containing naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and/or its ester-forming derivative into a film.
- bio-PEN polyester obtained by polymerization of a diol component containing ethylene glycol derived from a biomass raw material and a dicarboxylic acid component containing naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and/or its ester-forming derivative into a film.
- the polyester film of the present invention can be produced by a method including, for example, extruding a resin composition containing bio-PEN into a sheet shape from a die using a single extruder, or extruding a resin composition containing bio-PEN and a different resin composition into a sheet shape from a die using two or more extruders, and cooling and solidifying the resulting sheet, thereby forming a monolayer or laminated unstretched polyester film, step A of stretching the unstretched polyester film (preferably stretching in one direction or in two perpendicular directions) as necessary, and step C of further heat-treating the stretched polyester film as necessary.
- the temperature at which the resin is extruded in a molten state is not particularly limited as long as there is no unmelted material and the resin does not excessively deteriorate due to heat.
- the temperature is preferably between the melting point of the resin (Tm: °C) and (Tm + 70) °C. In one embodiment, the temperature is preferably 270 to 340 °C.
- a rotating cooling drum installed below the die along the film production direction and to cool the sheet-like material by adhering it to the drum.
- the cooling temperature is preferably between (Tg - 80) °C and (Tg - 60 °C) relative to the glass transition temperature of the resin (Tg: °C), and in one embodiment, it is preferably 40 to 60 °C.
- Process B is preferred in that it can produce a polyester film having the desired thickness and Young's modulus, and can exhibit superior processability at high temperatures.
- the stretching method can be longitudinal uniaxial stretching, transverse uniaxial stretching, sequential biaxial stretching, simultaneous biaxial stretching, or other methods, and is not particularly limited. Longitudinal uniaxial stretching is sequential biaxial stretching without transverse stretching, transverse uniaxial stretching is sequential biaxial stretching without longitudinal stretching, and simultaneous biaxial stretching is longitudinal and transverse stretching performed simultaneously.
- the unstretched polyester film is stretched in a uniaxial direction (usually the longitudinal direction) at a temperature of (Tg-10)°C to (Tg+60)°C at a magnification of 1.2 times or more, preferably 1.4 times or more, where Tg is the glass transition temperature of the resin, and then stretched in a direction perpendicular to the stretching direction at a temperature of Tg to (Tg+60)°C at a magnification of 2 times or more, preferably 2.5 times or more. If necessary, it may be further stretched again in the longitudinal and/or transverse directions.
- the stretched polyester film is preferably heat-treated (heat-set) at a temperature of, for example, (Tm-90)°C to (Tm-10)°C, where Tm is the melting point of the resin.
- the heat treatment temperature (heat-setting temperature) is preferably 180 to 260°C.
- the heat-setting time is preferably 0.1 to 60 seconds.
- the present invention in order to improve the adhesion between the polyester film and the hard coat layer or the like, or to improve the handling properties, it is also preferable to laminate a coating layer on at least one side of the polyester film of the present invention.
- the resin contained in the coating liquid used for the coating layer can be, for example, polyester resin, polyurethane resin (e.g., polyether polyurethane resin, polyester polyurethane resin, polycarbonate polyurethane resin), acrylic resin, etc., and can be used without any particular limitation.
- the crosslinking agent contained in the coating liquid can be, for example, melamine compound, isocyanate compound, oxazoline compound, epoxy compound, carbodiimide compound, etc.
- the crosslinking agent can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Due to the nature of the inline coat, it is preferable to apply the coating liquid using a water-based coating liquid, and the resin or crosslinking agent is preferably a water-soluble or water-dispersible resin or compound.
- the particles contained in the coating layer may be inorganic or organic.
- inorganic particles include titanium oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, silica, alumina, talc, kaolin, clay, calcium phosphate, mica, hectorite, zirconia, tungsten oxide, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, etc.
- organic particles include organic polymer particles such as styrene-based, acrylic-based, melamine-based, benzoguanamine-based, and silicone-based particles. The particles may be added to the coating layer alone, or two or more types may be added in combination to the coating layer.
- a known method can be used to apply the coating liquid.
- reverse roll coating, gravure coating, kiss coating, roll brushing, spray coating, air knife coating, wire bar coating, and pipe doctoring can be used alone or in combination.
- the coating layer can be formed, for example, by applying a coating liquid for forming the coating layer to one or both sides of an unstretched or uniaxially stretched film in the machine direction, followed by heat treatment and drying as necessary, and then stretching in at least one direction. It is also preferable to form the coating layer by heat treatment after stretching.
- the polyester film containing the bio-PEN of the present invention exhibits excellent heat resistance, mechanical properties, and electrical properties, similar to polyester films containing PEN derived from fossil raw materials.
- the polyester film of the present invention is preferably used in various parts such as surface protection films, polarizing plates, retardation plates, touch panel substrates, substrates for display cells such as organic EL, and protective materials for the back surface.
- it is difficult to deform after repeated folding in a high temperature range, and image distortion at the folding part of the display can be suppressed, so it can be preferably used as a film for a foldable display.
- the polyester film of the present invention is preferably used in various parts such as surface protection films, polarizing plates, retardation plates, touch panel substrates, substrates for display cells such as organic EL, and protective materials for the back surface in a foldable display.
- a mobile terminal device equipped with a foldable display including the polyester film of the present invention provides beautiful images, is rich in functionality, and has excellent convenience such as portability.
- the polyester film of the present invention used for this purpose preferably has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more and 125 ⁇ m or less, a total light transmittance of 85% or more, and a high-temperature hold angle in the bending direction of 60° or more.
- the high-temperature hold angle refers to the angle of the fold marks formed after fixing for 18 hours under heating at 85°C so that both surfaces of the bent portion are strained by 1.7%.
- the bending direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the folded portion.
- the high-temperature hold angle in the bending direction is preferably 65° or more, more preferably 70° or more.
- the total light transmittance and the high-temperature hold angle in the bending direction can be measured, for example, by the method described in the Examples below.
- the polyester film of the present invention can be made to have a high elastic modulus, has excellent handling properties when made into a thin film, and can reduce the humidity expansion coefficient in the width direction, which is important when used as a magnetic tape substrate, for example. Therefore, the polyester film of the present invention can be suitably used as a magnetic tape substrate.
- the humidity expansion coefficient ( ⁇ h) in the width direction of the polyester film of the present invention is 6 ppm/% RH or less (for example, 4 ppm/% RH or more and 6 ppm/% RH or less).
- the humidity expansion coefficient in the width direction can be measured, for example, by the method described in the Examples below.
- the polyester film of the present invention has excellent heat resistance and a high electrical insulation breakdown voltage, so it can be suitably used as an electrical insulation film.
- the polyester film of the present invention can also be suitably used in applications such as slot liners and wedges for automobile drive motors.
- the polyester film of the present invention can increase the anisotropy of the in-plane refractive index (retardation), and can be suitably used as a polarizing plate that does not produce rainbow spots when mounted on a liquid crystal display as a thin polarizer protective film.
- the preferred film thickness range for this application is 25 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 45 ⁇ m.
- the polyester film of the present invention has excellent hot water resistance, a small oxygen gas permeability coefficient, and sufficient vibration durability to be used as a reinforcing material for the polymer electrolyte membrane of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, making it suitable for use as such a reinforcing material.
- the polyester film of the present invention has excellent hot water resistance at high temperatures and a small oxygen permeability coefficient, so that it can maintain gas sealing properties when used as an electrolyte membrane reinforcing material for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Therefore, it is suitable for use as an electrolyte membrane reinforcing film for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells.
- the polyester film of the present invention has a small curl value when heated, so it is easy to maintain flatness during processing into a membrane touch switch, and when used as such, it has excellent durability at high temperatures, making it particularly suitable for use as a membrane touch switch for use in automobiles.
- the polyester film of the present invention has a high glass transition temperature, and even if the paint-replacement film itself cracks due to sharp mechanical stimulation after being laminated to a decorative paint-replacement steel sheet, it is difficult for rust to form on the metal component from that point, and furthermore, it has high rust prevention properties that make it difficult for rust to spread to the surrounding areas, so it can be used favorably for applications such as automotive exterior parts.
- the polyester film of the present invention has an extremely small thermal shrinkage rate, so it can be suitably used as a film for flexible circuit boards with excellent via connection reliability.
- the polyester film of the present invention has a high dielectric breakdown voltage, low dielectric tangent at high temperatures, and can be thinned, making it suitable for use as a film for film capacitors with a thickness of 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the polyester film of the present invention has excellent gas barrier properties and can therefore be suitably used in applications that require barrier properties, such as barrier films for protecting organic electroluminescence (EL).
- barrier properties such as barrier films for protecting organic electroluminescence (EL).
- the polyester film of the present invention has properties suitable for any of the following applications (1) to (25), preferably any of the following applications (1) to (13), and can be suitably used for these applications.
- Thickness The thickness was measured at 10 points on the film using a dot-type electronic micrometer, and the average value was calculated.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the method of measuring the hold angle in the bending direction, and a sample film (symbol 1) was cut to 10 mm in the width direction and 50 mm in the flow direction. Two PTFE plates (symbol 11) were overlapped, and in the case of a 50 ⁇ m sample film, a gap was created by sandwiching a 3 mm thick PTFE plate (symbol 12) between them as a spacer.
- Double-sided tape was attached to both ends of the sample, and the sample was sandwiched in a 3 mm gap between the PTFE plates in a bent state, and both ends were fixed with double-sided tape. After being placed in an 85° C. dry environment for 18 hours, the angle (symbol 13) made by the fold marks on the film was measured 5 minutes after being removed from between the two PTFE plates (symbol 11). This angle is the high-temperature hold angle.
- Fig. 2 shows an enlarged schematic diagram of a sample film (reference number 3) sandwiched between two PTFE plates (reference number 11 in Fig. 3).
- the neutral plane where neither compressive stress nor tensile stress is applied is defined as the center in the thickness direction (dashed line in the figure), and the difference between the neutral plane and both surfaces is defined as the strain.
- reference numeral 21 denotes the diameter of the outermost surface of the sample film
- reference numeral 22 denotes the diameter of the neutral surface of the sample film
- reference numeral 23 denotes the diameter of the innermost surface of the sample film.
- Distortion (1.7%) (
- the semicircumference can be calculated by the following formula, where t (mm) is the thickness of the sample film and d (mm) is the bending diameter (diameter of the outermost surface), that is, the thickness of the spacer used.
- the thickness of the sample film is t (mm)
- the bending diameter i.e., the thickness of the spacer used is d (mm)
- the thickness of the spacer (PTFE plate) used is determined by the following formula.
- the spacer thickness for a typical film thickness is shown, for example, as follows.
- Spacer thickness d (mm) film thickness t (mm) ⁇ 60
- the diameter of the outermost surface is 3 mm, which is the same as the thickness d of the spacer.
- the diameter of the innermost surface (reference numeral 23) is 2.9 mm, and the diameter of the neutral surface (reference numeral 22) is 2.95 mm.
- the semicircle of the outermost surface and the semicircle of the innermost surface can be appropriately selected.
- Heat shrinkage rate [(A - B) x 100] / A
- Humidity Expansion Coefficient A sample was cut out to a length of 15 mm and a width of 5 mm so that the horizontal direction of the film was the measurement direction, and the length of each sample was measured at a temperature of 30° C. and a humidity of 30% RH and a humidity of 70% RH using a humidity-controlled thermomechanical analyzer (TMA4000SA, MTC-1000SA) manufactured by Bruker AXS, and the humidity expansion coefficient was calculated by the following formula.
- the measurement direction was the longitudinal direction of the cut out sample, and the measurement was performed five times, and the average value was taken as ⁇ h.
- ⁇ h (L70 - L30) / (L30 x ⁇ H)
- L30 is the sample length (mm) at 30% RH
- L70 is the sample length (mm) at 70% RH
- ⁇ H: 40 ( 70-30)% RH.
- Breakdown Voltage According to the plate electrode method described in JIS C2151, the voltage was increased at a rate of 1 (KV/sec) using an ITS-6003 manufactured by Tokyo Seiden Co., Ltd., and the voltage at the time when the film broke was read with a voltmeter to measure the breakdown voltage.
- Average particle size of particles The polyester on the surface layer of the film is removed by low-temperature plasma ashing (e.g., PR-503 model, manufactured by Yamato Scientific) to expose the particles. Processing conditions are selected such that the polyester is ashed but the particles are not damaged. The particles are observed at a magnification of about 10,000 to 100,000 times using a SEM (scanning electron microscope), and the area circle equivalent diameter (Di) of at least 1,000 particles is determined by changing the observation points. A particle size distribution curve is created, and the most frequent value is taken as the average particle size. When the particle distribution curve has two or more peaks, the particle size at each peak is taken as the average particle size.
- low-temperature plasma ashing e.g., PR-503 model, manufactured by Yamato Scientific
- Birefringence ( ⁇ Nxy), Retardation (Re) Retardation is a phase difference expressed by the product of the birefringence (Nx, Ny, Nz) caused by the refractive index in each axis direction of the film (Nx, Ny, Nz) and the film thickness d in the thickness direction (z axis) and two axial directions (x axis, y axis) perpendicular to the thickness direction and perpendicular to each other with respect to the film surface.
- the in-plane retardation which is the product of the birefringence Nxy caused by light incident on the film surface (xy plane) with the MD direction as the x axis and the TD direction as the y axis, and the thickness d, and each was calculated by the following formula.
- the unit of retardation is usually nm.
- ⁇ Nxy
- Re Nxy x d
- the polarizing plate on the exit side of a commercially available liquid crystal display device having a white LED as a backlight and a liquid crystal cell sandwiched between polarizing plates with two TAC films as polarizer protective films was removed, and the film of the Examples and Comparative Examples was installed on the exit side, and the liquid crystal display device was visually observed from the front and oblique directions, and the occurrence of iridescent spots was judged as follows. ⁇ : No rainbow spots were observed from any direction. ⁇ : Rainbow spots were clearly observed when observed from an oblique direction.
- the measurement was carried out five times, the average value was calculated, and the hot water resistance was evaluated by calculating the time until the MD breaking strength retention, expressed by the following formula (1), reached 50% of the initial value.
- the breaking strength X represents the breaking strength (unit: MPa) after treatment for a predetermined time under conditions of 121° C., 2 atm, and 100% RH
- the breaking strength X0 represents the initial breaking strength (unit: MPa) before treatment.
- Oxygen Permeability Coefficient The oxygen permeability at 25° C. was measured using a gas permeability measuring device (MC-1 type, manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS K-7126.
- the electrolyte membrane was visually observed for changes such as wrinkles, tears, and breakage, and evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : No changes such as wrinkles, tears, or damage were observed in the electrolyte membrane, and the reinforcement performance was excellent. ⁇ : At least one of wrinkles, tears, or damage was observed in the electrolyte membrane, and the reinforcement performance was insufficient.
- Heat curl height A film sample measuring 3 cm in the flow direction during film production and 20 cm in the width direction is placed on an iron plate, and the iron plate is left in an oven set at 180°C for 5 minutes, then removed from the oven and allowed to cool naturally. Next, the film sample is placed on a glass plate, and the heights (vertical direction) of the four corners are measured, and the average value is calculated. The same measurement is performed on the other side of the film, and the larger value is taken as the heat curl height.
- the membrane switch is placed on an iron plate with the load removed, and the iron plate is placed in an oven set to 180°C, and after 5 minutes, it is removed and allowed to cool naturally.
- a load is applied to the switch again, and 10 cycles of ON/OFF repetition test are performed, and the load at which the switch turns ON (load after processing) is measured.
- Load change rate (%) (
- a hard coat paint (HC-1) described below was applied to the film using a comma coater at 30% by mass of non-volatile components to a thickness of 15 ⁇ m (thickness after curing).
- the film was then thoroughly dried in a drying oven set at 90° C., and before being wound up, a biaxially stretched film made of polyethylene terephthalate resin was used as a protective film, laminated, and wound up into a roll to obtain a decorative paint substitute film.
- HC-1 ⁇ Hard coat paint (HC-1)>
- MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
- the decorative paint substitute film was unwound, the steel sheet was heated to 290°C and guided, the lamination roll was brought to room temperature, and the film was laminated by thermocompression bonding at a pressure of 0.3 MPa.
- the laminated laminated steel sheet was quenched with cooling water to obtain a laminated steel sheet.
- two diagonal lines (scratch marks) of 10 cm length were drawn at right angles to each other at the center with the edge of a cutter knife so as to reach the base of the steel sheet.
- the laminated steel sheet was placed in a retort oven, filled with 3% acetic acid + 2% saline, and retorted for 90 minutes with pressurized steam at 125°C.
- the laminated steel sheet was taken out and its condition was visually confirmed.
- ⁇ Of all 10 pieces, the steel plate rusted only at the scratch mark, but there was no clear expansion.
- ⁇ Of all 10 pieces, the steel plate rust at the scratch mark clearly expanded.
- ⁇ Of all 10 pieces, in addition to the scratch mark, rust occurred in other areas and the film peeled off.
- thermosetting adhesive sheet "Aronmighty AF-700" (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) was temporarily bonded to both sides of the obtained polyester film at 100°C, and a copper foil "TQ-M4-VSP" (manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m was laminated thereon, and then the resulting product was hot-pressed at 180°C and 1 MPa for 30 minutes to produce a flexible copper-clad laminate.
- Vias having a diameter of 0.1 mm were formed in the obtained copper-clad laminate with a drill, and the surfaces were washed with acid, and then the inner surfaces of the vias were plated with copper by electroless plating to produce a laminate.
- ⁇ Heat cycle test> A heat cycle test was carried out using the laminate obtained above in accordance with the thermal shock test method of JIS C5016: 1994. The temperature was ⁇ 55° C. to 100° C., and the number of cycles was 100. After the test, the via conduction was evaluated. ⁇ : No continuity defects were found in the measurement of 10 samples. ⁇ : One or more continuity defects were found in the measurement of 10 samples.
- BDV Dielectric breakdown voltage
- PET resin derived from biomass raw materials PET-1 polymerization 60 parts by mass of ethylene glycol (manufactured by India Glycol) derived from biomass materials and 100 parts by mass of dimethyl terephthalate derived from fossil materials were subjected to an ester exchange reaction in a conventional manner using 0.03 parts by mass of manganese acetate tetrahydrate as an ester exchange catalyst, and then 0.042 parts by mass of triethylphosphonoacetate was added to essentially terminate the ester exchange reaction.
- PET resin derived from fossil raw materials PET-2 polymerization 100 parts by mass of dimethyl terephthalate derived from fossil raw materials and 60 parts by mass of ethylene glycol derived from fossil raw materials were subjected to an ester exchange reaction in a conventional manner using 0.03 parts by mass of manganese acetate tetrahydrate as an ester exchange catalyst, and then 0.042 parts by mass of triethylphosphonoacetate was added to essentially terminate the ester exchange reaction. Next, 0.024 parts by mass of antimony trioxide was added, and a polymerization reaction was subsequently carried out in a conventional manner at high temperature and high vacuum to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate resin with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl/g. This resin was designated PET-2.
- PET-3 a PET resin derived from fossil raw materials (containing lubricant)
- 100 parts by mass of dimethyl terephthalate derived from fossil raw materials and 60 parts by mass of ethylene glycol derived from fossil raw materials were used as an ester exchange catalyst
- 0.03 parts by mass of manganese acetate tetrahydrate was used as a lubricant
- spherical silica particles having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m were added so as to contain 1% by mass, and an ester exchange reaction was carried out according to a conventional method, and then 0.042 parts by mass of triethylphosphonoacetate was added to substantially terminate the ester exchange reaction.
- PET-4 a PET resin derived from fossil raw materials (containing lubricant)
- 100 parts by mass of dimethyl terephthalate derived from fossil raw materials and 60 parts by mass of ethylene glycol derived from fossil raw materials were used as an ester exchange catalyst
- 0.03 parts by mass of manganese acetate tetrahydrate was used as a lubricant
- spherical silica particles having an average particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m were added so as to contain 1% by mass, and an ester exchange reaction was carried out according to a conventional method, and then 0.042 parts by mass of triethylphosphonoacetate was added to substantially terminate the ester exchange reaction.
- PET-5 a PET resin derived from fossil raw materials (containing lubricant)
- 100 parts by mass of dimethyl terephthalate derived from fossil raw materials and 60 parts by mass of ethylene glycol derived from fossil raw materials were used as an ester exchange catalyst
- 0.03 parts by mass of manganese acetate tetrahydrate was used as an ester exchange catalyst
- calcium carbonate particles having an average particle size of 0.6 ⁇ m were added as a lubricant so as to contain 1% by mass.
- 0.042 parts by mass of triethylphosphonoacetate was added to substantially terminate the ester exchange reaction.
- reaction liquid was cooled to 40°C, and then 9.03 parts by mass of triethylamine was added to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer D solution.
- 450 g of water was added to a reaction vessel equipped with a homodisper capable of high-speed stirring, and the temperature was adjusted to 25°C. While stirring and mixing at 2000 rpm, an isocyanate group-terminated prepolymer was added and dispersed in water. Thereafter, acetonitrile and a portion of the water were removed under reduced pressure to prepare a water-soluble polyurethane resin (A) having a solid content of 35% by mass.
- Example 1-1 PEN-1 pellets were fed to an extruder and melted at 300°C.
- the molten polymer was filtered with a stainless steel sintered filter material (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut), extruded from a die in the form of a sheet, and then cooled and solidified by contacting with a casting drum with a surface temperature of 50°C using an electrostatic casting method to produce an unstretched film.
- the unstretched film was uniformly heated to 120°C using a heating roll, heated to 135°C by an infrared heater installed between a low-speed roll and a high-speed roll, and stretched in the longitudinal direction with a low-speed/high-speed roll speed ratio of 1.7 times to obtain a uniaxially stretched film.
- the above-mentioned easy-adhesion layer forming coating liquid was applied to both sides of the uniaxially stretched film by a roll coating method so that the coating amount after drying after biaxial stretching was 0.06g/ m2 .
- the film was then introduced into a tenter, preheated at 145° C., transversely stretched 4.5 times at 135° C., fixed in width, heat-set at 230° C. for 5 seconds, and further relaxed in the width direction by 1% at 180° C. to obtain a polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- Table 1 The properties of this film are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 1-2 and 1-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness were as shown in Table 1. The properties of this film are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the pellets used were PEN-2. The properties of this film are shown in Table 1.
- PET-1 was mixed to 79.4 parts by mass and PET-2 was mixed to 20.6 parts by mass, and the mixture was fed to an extruder and melted at 285 ° C.
- the molten polymer was filtered with a stainless steel sintered filter medium (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut), extruded into a sheet form from a die, and then contacted with a casting drum with a surface temperature of 30 ° C. using an electrostatic casting method to cool and solidify the film to produce an unstretched film.
- the unstretched film was uniformly heated to 75 ° C. using a heating roll, heated to 85 ° C.
- Comparing Examples 1-1 to 1-3 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2 it can be seen that films containing polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from biomass raw materials have a small thermal shrinkage rate, similar to the same films derived from fossil raw materials, and that dimensional changes can be reduced when this film is used for hard coating processing, etc. It can also be seen that when folded, especially in a high-temperature environment, it is difficult to leave creases and is easy to recover to a shape close to its original shape.
- Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 3 Using the PEN resin shown in Table 2, a film was produced as follows. The mixed pellets were fed to an extruder and melted at 300°C. The molten polymer was filtered with a stainless steel sintered filter medium (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut), extruded into a sheet from a die, and then contacted with a casting drum with a surface temperature of 50°C using an electrostatic casting method to cool and solidify, producing an unstretched film.
- a stainless steel sintered filter medium nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut
- the unstretched film was uniformly heated to 120°C using a heating roll, heated to 140°C by an infrared heater installed between a low-speed roll and a high-speed roll, and stretched in the longitudinal direction with a low-speed/high-speed roll speed ratio of 4.0 times to obtain a uniaxially stretched film. Thereafter, the film was introduced into a tenter, preheated at 130°C, transversely stretched to 5.7 times at 145°C, width-fixed and heat-fixed at 210°C for 5 seconds, and further relaxed in the width direction at 180°C to obtain a polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- Table 2 The properties of this film are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2-2 and 2-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, transverse stretching ratio, and thickness were as shown in Table 2. The properties of this film are shown in Table 2.
- the unstretched film was uniformly heated to 75°C using a heating roll, heated to 85°C with an infrared heater installed between a low-speed roll and a high-speed roll, and stretched in the longitudinal direction with a low-speed/high-speed roll speed ratio of 3.2 times to obtain a uniaxially stretched film. Thereafter, the film was introduced into a tenter, preheated at 100°C, transversely stretched to 4.5 times at 110°C, width-fixed and heat-fixed for 5 seconds at 210°C, and further relaxed in the width direction by 1% at 180°C to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- Table 2 The properties of this film are shown in Table 2.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention has a small thermal shrinkage rate and a large elastic modulus, similar to a film containing only fossil-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, and is easy to handle.
- the humidity expansion factor in the width direction which is particularly important when used as a magnetic tape substrate, can be made small, similar to that of fossil-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate.
- Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 5 The PEN resin shown in Table 3 was used to prepare a film as follows. The mixed pellets were fed to an extruder and melted at 315°C. The molten polymer was filtered with a stainless steel sintered filter medium (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut), extruded from a die in the form of a sheet, and then contacted with a casting drum with a surface temperature of 50°C using an electrostatic casting method to cool and solidify the film to produce an unstretched film.
- a stainless steel sintered filter medium nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut
- the unstretched film was uniformly heated to 120°C using a heating roll, heated to 130°C by an infrared heater installed between a low-speed roll and a high-speed roll, and stretched in the longitudinal direction with a low-speed/high-speed roll speed ratio of 2.9 times to obtain a uniaxially stretched film.
- the film was then introduced into a tenter, preheated at 120°C, transversely stretched to 2.8 times at 140°C, width-fixed and heat-fixed for 5 seconds at 235°C, and further relaxed in the width direction by 3% at 180°C to obtain a polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate film having a thickness of 250 ⁇ m.
- Table 3 The properties of this film are shown in Table 3.
- Example 3-2 and 3-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, transverse stretching ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness were as shown in Table 3. The properties of this film are shown in Table 3.
- the PET resin shown in Table 3 was used to prepare a film as follows.
- the mixed pellets were fed to an extruder and melted at 285°C.
- the molten polymer was filtered with a stainless steel sintered filter material (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut), extruded into a sheet shape from a die, and then contacted with a casting drum with a surface temperature of 30°C using an electrostatic casting method to cool and solidify, producing an unstretched film.
- the unstretched film was uniformly heated to 75°C using a heating roll, heated to 85°C by an infrared heater installed between a low-speed roll and a high-speed roll, and stretched in the longitudinal direction with a low-speed/high-speed roll speed ratio of 2.9 times to obtain a uniaxially stretched film.
- the film was then introduced into a tenter, preheated at 100°C, transversely stretched to 2.8 times at 110°C, fixed in width, heat-fixed at 230°C for 5 seconds, and further relaxed in the width direction at 180°C to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 250 ⁇ m.
- Table 3 The properties of this film are shown in Table 3.
- Example 4 The 250 ⁇ m thick film produced in Example 3-1 was crushed and dried, fed to an extruder, and melted at 310° C. The molten polymer was filtered through a stainless steel sintered filter medium (nominal filtration accuracy 10 ⁇ m particles 95% cut), extruded from a die into a strand, cooled with water, and cut into 5 mm length to produce recycled pellets, which were named PEN-5. PEN-1, PEN-3, and PEN-5 were mixed in the ratios shown in Table 3, and the subsequent process was the same as in Example 3-1 to obtain a polyethylene naphthalate film with a thickness of 250 ⁇ m. The properties of this film are shown in Table 3.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention has a small thermal shrinkage rate and a large dielectric breakdown voltage, similar to a film containing only polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from fossil raw materials, and is therefore also excellent as an insulating material.
- Example 4 retains the same biomass content and film properties as Examples 3-1 to 3-3, and because it uses PEN-5, which is a recycled pellet, the amount of PEN-1 and PEN-3 used can be greatly reduced, greatly reducing the environmental impact.
- Example 5-1 and Comparative Example 7 A polyester film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the raw materials, stretch ratios, and heat setting temperatures used were as shown in Table 4. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 4.
- Example 5-2 to 5-4 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, transverse stretching ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness were as shown in Table 3. The properties of this film are shown in Table 4.
- Comparative Example 8 A polyester film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that the raw materials, stretch ratios and heat setting temperatures used were as shown in Table 4. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 4.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention can increase retardation in the same way as a film containing only fossil-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, and can be incorporated into a display device as a thin polarizer protective film without causing rainbow spots.
- Example 6-1 and Comparative Example 9 A polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 5, and 4 g/m 2 of aqueous coating solution B having a solid content concentration of 3% by weight was applied to one side of the uniaxially stretched film by kiss coating. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 5.
- Example 6-2 and 6-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, transverse stretching ratio, and thickness were as shown in Table 5. The properties of this film are shown in Table 4.
- Comparative Example 9 A polyester film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 5, and 4 g/ m2 of aqueous coating solution B having a solid content concentration of 3% by weight was applied by kiss coating to one side of the film uniaxially stretched in the same manner as in Example 6-1.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention had excellent hot water resistance and oxygen impermeability, similar to a film containing only polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from fossil raw materials.
- Example 7-1 and Comparative Example 11 A polyester film having a thickness of 125 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 6. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 6.
- Example 7-2 and 7-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, transverse stretching ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness were as shown in Table 6. The properties of this film are shown in Table 6.
- Comparative Example 12 A polyester film having a thickness of 125 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness were as shown in Table 6. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 6.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention is less likely to curl when heated, just like a film containing only polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from fossil raw materials, and also has excellent durability at high temperatures when used as a membrane touch switch, making it particularly useful as a membrane touch switch for use in automobiles.
- Example 8-1 and Comparative Example 13 A polyester film roll having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 7. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 7.
- Example 8-2 and 8-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8-1, except that the thickness was as shown in Table 7. The properties of this film are shown in Table 7.
- Comparative Example 14 A polyester film roll having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 7. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 7.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention is particularly useful as a decorative paint replacement film, just like a film containing only fossil-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate.
- Example 9-1 to 9-3 and Comparative Example 15 The films obtained in Examples 8-1 to 8-3 and Comparative Example 13 were further heat-treated at 230° C. for 5 minutes using a suspension-type relaxation heat treatment device. The properties of the obtained films are shown in Table 8.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention has an extremely small thermal shrinkage rate, just like the film containing only fossil-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, and can therefore be suitably used as a film for flexible circuit boards with excellent via connection reliability.
- Example 10-1 and Comparative Example 16 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film having a thickness of 1.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 6. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 6.
- Example 10-2 and 10-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10-1, except that the heat setting temperature and thickness were as shown in Table 6. The properties of this film are shown in Table 9.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention has a high dielectric breakdown voltage and a low tan ⁇ value at a high temperature of 100°C, just like a film containing only polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from fossil raw materials.
- the polyester film containing the biomass-derived polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate of the present invention has a high dielectric breakdown voltage and a low tan ⁇ value at a high temperature of 100°C, just like a film containing only polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from fossil raw materials.
- tan ⁇ dielectric tangent
- Example 11-1 and Comparative Example 17 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the raw materials, stretch ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness used were as shown in Table 10. The properties of the obtained film are shown in Table 10.
- Examples 11-2 and 11-3 A polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 11-1, except that the longitudinal stretching ratio, transverse stretching ratio, heat setting temperature, and thickness were as shown in Table 10. The properties of this film are shown in Table 9.
- the polyester film containing polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from biomass materials of the present invention has low heat shrinkage and excellent dimensional stability, a low oxygen permeability coefficient, and low UV transmittance at 360 nm, just like a film containing only polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate derived from fossil materials, and is particularly useful as a film that requires barrier properties, particularly for applications requiring high barrier properties such as barrier films for organic electroluminescence and substrate films for quantum dots.
- the polyester film of the present invention containing polyethylene naphthalate (polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, etc.) derived from biomass raw materials has extremely excellent thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties, just like films containing only polyethylene naphthalate (polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, etc.) derived from fossil raw materials, and can be usefully used in a wide range of applications, such as display devices, automotive applications, and information and communications.
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Abstract
Description
[項1]
バイオマス原料由来のエチレングリコール単位を含むジオール単位と、ナフタレンジカルボン酸単位を含むジカルボン酸単位とを有するポリエステルを含むポリエステルフィルム。
[項2]
前記ポリエステルフィルムに含まれる全樹脂中、前記ポリエステルの占める割合が1~100質量%である、項1に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
[項3]
少なくとも1方向に延伸されている、項1又は2に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
[項4]
下記(1)~(13)のいずれかに用いるための、項1又は2に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(1)電気絶縁用フィルム
(2)フレキシブル回路基板
(3)フレキシブル回路基板カバーフィルム
(4)フィルムコンデンサ―
(5)偏光子保護フィルム
(6)ディスプレイ用表面保護フィルム
(7)ハイバリア基材
(8)フォルダブルディスプレイ用フィルム
(9)モーター用絶縁フィルム
(10)メンブレンタッチスイッチ基材
(11)燃料電池用ガスケット
(12)磁気テープ基材
(13)加飾フィルム
(1)電気絶縁用フィルム
(2)フレキシブル回路基板
(3)フレキシブル回路基板カバーフィルム
(4)フィルムコンデンサ―
(5)偏光子保護フィルム
(6)ディスプレイ用表面保護フィルム
(7)ハイバリア基材
(8)フォルダブルディスプレイ用フィルム
(9)モーター用絶縁フィルム
(10)メンブレンタッチスイッチ基材
(11)燃料電池用ガスケット
(12)磁気テープ基材
(13)加飾フィルム
{(エチレングリコール単位の分子量60×100%)+(ナフタレンジカルボン酸単位の分子量182*0%)}/(60+182)*100=24.8%
全樹脂のバイオマス度は全樹脂中に占めるバイオマス原料由来の成分の質量割合である。例えば、バイオマス度24.8%のバイオPENと、バイオマス度0%の樹脂を同量混合して全樹脂とした場合、その樹脂のバイオマス度は12.4%である。全樹脂のバイオマス度としては0.2~100%が好ましく、より好ましくは1~100%、特に好ましくは5~100%である。
(1)電気絶縁用フィルム、
(2)フレキシブル回路基板、
(3)フレキシブル回路基板カバーフィルム、
(4)フィルムコンデンサ―、
(5)偏光子保護フィルム、
(6)ディスプレイ用表面保護フィルム、
(7)ハイバリア基材、
(8)フォルダブルディスプレイ用フィルム、
(9)モーター用絶縁フィルム、
(10)メンブレンタッチスイッチ基材、
(11)燃料電池用ガスケット、
(12)磁気テープ基材、
(13)加飾フィルム、
(14)バックグラインドテープ、
(15)ダイシングテープ、
(16)印刷回路基板、
(17)セラミックコンデンサー離型フィルム、
(18)積層電子基板用離型フィルム、
(19)バックライト用光学フィルム、
(20)輝度向上フィルム、
(21)タッチパネル基板、
(22)量子ドットシート基材フィルム、
(23)調光ガラス基材、
(24)写真フィルム、
(25)金属貼り合せ用フィルム。
打点式電子マイクロメータにてフィルム10か所について測定し平均値を算出した。
ヘイズメーター(日本電色工業社製、NDH5000)を用いて測定した。
屈曲部分の両表面にそれぞれ1.7%の歪みがかかるよう固定したときにつく折れ跡の強さを評価する。
図1は、屈曲方向のホールド角の測定方法を説明するための模式図であり、試料フィルム(符号1)を幅方向10mm、流れ方向50mmにカットした。PTFE板2枚(符号11)を重ね合わせ、50μmの試料フィルムの場合、スペーサーとして厚さ3mmのPTFE板(符号12)を間に挟むことで隙間を作った。試料の両端に両面テープを貼り、屈曲させた状態でPTFE板の3mmの隙間に挟み、両端を両面テープで固定した。85℃dry環境下に18時間置いた後、2枚のPTFE板(符号11)の間から取り出した後5分後にフィルムについた折れ跡のなす角度(符号13)を測定した。この角度を高温ホールド角とする。
図2に、2枚のPTFE板(図3の符号11)の間に挟まれた状態の試料フィルム(符号3)の拡大模式図を示す。上記の圧縮応力、引張応力ともにかからない中立面を厚み方向の中心(図中の破線)と定め、中立面と両表面の差を歪みとする。
なお、図2において、符号21は、試料フィルムにおける最外面の直径であり、符号22は、試料フィルムにおける上記中立面の直径であり、符号23は、試料フィルムにおける最内面の直径を示す。
高温ホールド角の評価において、歪み(1.7%)は以下の方法で表すことができる。
歪み(1.7%)=(|最外面又は最内面の半円周-中立面の半円周|/中立面の半円周)×100
ここで半円周は試料フィルムの厚みt(mm)、屈曲直径(最外面の直径)、即ち、用いるスペーサーの厚みをd(mm)としたとき以下の式でそれぞれ求めることができる。
最外面の半円周=d×π/2
中立面の半円周=(d-t)×π/2
最内面の半円周=(d-2t)×π/2
以上より、歪み1.7%に定めるとき、試料フィルムの厚みt(mm)、屈曲直径つまり用いるスペーサーの厚みをd(mm)とし、用いるスペーサー(PTFE板)の厚みは以下の式より決定する。代表的なフィルム厚みに対するスペーサー厚みは、例えば、以下のように示される。
スペーサー厚みd(mm)=フィルム厚みt(mm)×60
例えば、上記の厚みが50μmの試料フィルムの場合、最外面の直径(符号21)はスペーサーの厚みdと同一であって3mmである。最内面の直径(符号23)は2.9mmであり、中立面の直径(符号22)は、2.95mmである。ここで、上記歪みを示す式において、最外面の半円周、最内面の半円周は適宜選択できる。
JIS K 7112:1999準拠の方法(密度勾配管法)に従って密度を測定した(単位:g/cm3)。
試料フィルムを10mm×250mmにカットし、長辺を測定したい方向に合わせて、200mm間隔で印をつけ、5gの一定張力下で印の間隔Aを測った。続いて、試料フィルムを無荷重で所定温度の雰囲気のオーブン中で30分又は10分間放置した後、オーブンから取り出し室温まで冷却した。その後、5gの一定張力下で印の間隔Bを求め、下記式により熱収縮率(%)を求めた。同一方向について3回の測定を行いその平均値を熱収縮率(%)とした。
熱収縮率(%)=[(A-B)×100]/A
フィルムを試料巾10mm、長さ15cmで切り取り、チャック間100mm、引張速度100mm/分の条件で万能引張試験装置(東洋ボールドウィン製、商品名:テンシロン)にて引張った。得られた荷重―伸び曲線の立ち上がり部の接線の傾きとフィルム断面積より弾性率を算出した。
フィルムの横方向が測定方向となるように長さ15mm、幅5mmに切り出し、ブルカーAXS製湿度制御熱機械分析装置(TMA4000SA,MTC-1000SA)を使用して、温度30℃、湿度30%RHと湿度70%RHにおけるそれぞれのサンプルの長さを測定し、次式にて湿度膨張係数を算出する。なお、測定方向が切り出した試料の長手方向であり、5回測定し、その平均値をαhとした。
αh=(L70-L30)/(L30×△H)
ここで、上記式中のL30は30%RHのときのサンプル長(mm)、L70は70%RHのときのサンプル長(mm)、△H:40(=70-30)%RHである。
JIS C2151記載の平板電極法に準拠して、東京精電株式会社製ITS-6003を用いて、速度1(KV/秒)で電圧を昇圧し、フィルム破断時の電圧を電圧計で読み取り絶縁破壊電圧を測定した。
フィルム又はポリエステル樹脂を粉砕して乾燥した後、フェノール/テトラクロロエタン=60/40(質量比)の混合溶媒に溶解した。この溶液に遠心分離処理を施して無機粒子を取り除いた後に、ウベローデ粘度計を用いて、30℃で0.4(g/dl)の濃度の溶液の流下時間及び溶媒のみの流下時間を測定し、それらの時間比率から、Hugginsの式を用い、Hugginsの定数が0.38であると仮定して極限粘度を算出した。ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)及びポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)のいずれにも同じ計算式を用いて評価した。
フィルム表面層のポリエステルをプラズマ低温灰化処理法(例えばヤマト科学製、PR-503型)で除去し、粒子を露出させる。処理条件は、ポリエステルは灰化されるが粒子はダメージを受けない条件を選択する。これをSEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)にて1~10万倍程度の倍率で粒子を観察し、観察箇所を変えて少なくとも1,000個の粒子の面積円相当径(Di)を求める。粒子径分布曲線を作成し、最頻値を平均粒子径とした。粒子分布曲線が2山以上となる場合には、それぞれのピークとなる粒子径を平均粒子径とした。
メトリコン社製プリズムカプラModel2010/Mを用い、波長633nmで、MD方向の屈折率(Nx)、TD方向の屈折率(Ny)、及び厚み方向の屈折率(Nz)を測定した。
リタデーションとは、フィルム面に対して厚さ方向(z軸)とこれと直交すると共に相互にも直交する2つの軸方向(x軸、y軸)において、フィルムの各軸方向の屈折率(Nx、Ny、Nz)によって生じる複屈折とフィルム厚さdの積で示される位相差である。ここでは、MD方向をx軸、TD方向をy軸としたフィルム面(x-y平面)に入射する光によって生じる複屈折率Nxyと厚さdとの積である面内リタデーションを云い、それぞれについて次式より求めた。なお、通例に従い、リタデーションの単位はnmである。
ΔNxy=|Nx-Ny|
Re=Nxy×d
市販の偏光子の片側に後述する方法で作製した実施例及び比較例のフィルムを偏光子の吸収軸とフィルムの配向主軸(NxとNyの高い方)が垂直になるように貼り付け、その反対の面に市販のTACフィルムを貼り付けて偏光板を作製した。これを白色LEDがバックライトであり、2枚のTACフィルムを偏光子保護フィルムとする偏光板で挟まれた液晶セルを有する市販の液晶表示装置の射出光側の偏光板を取り外し、実施例及び比較例のフィルムが射出光側になるように設置し、液晶表示装置の正面、及び、斜め方向から目視観察を行い、虹斑の発生について、以下のように判定した。
○:いずれの方向からも虹斑の発生無し
×:斜め方向から観察した時に、明確に虹斑が観察できる。
フィルムMD方向が測定方向となるように150mm長×10mm幅に切り出した短冊状の試料片を、121℃・2atm・濡れ飽和モード・100%RHに設定した環境試験機内にステンレス製のクリップで吊り下げる。その後、所定時間ごとに試料片を取り出し、フィルムMD方向の破断強度を測定する。破断強度測定は、オリエンテック社製テンシロンUCT-100型を用いて、温度20℃、湿度50%に調節された室内において、チャック間100mmにして引張速度100mm/分、チャート速度500mm/分で引張り、破断時の強度を求めた。
測定は5回行い、その平均値を求め、下記式(1)で表されるMD方向の破断強度保持率が初期値の50%になるまでの時間を求めて耐熱水性を評価した。測定装置としてオリエンテック社製テンシロンUCT-100型を用いた。
破断強度保持率(%)=(破断強度X/初期の破断強度X0)×100 ・・・(1)
(式(1)中、破断強度Xは、121℃、2atm、100%RHの条件で所定時間処理後の破断強度(単位:MPa)、破断強度X0は処理前の初期の破断強度(単位:MPa)をそれぞれ表す)
JIS K-7126に準じてガス透過率測定装置(東洋精機製、MC-1型)を用いて25℃における酸素透過率を測定した。
電解質膜として100mm四方のパーフルオロスルホン酸樹脂(デュポン社製:ナフィオン117)を用い、その両面に枠状の二軸配向フィルム(外周100mm×100mm、内周80mm×80mm)を重ねて140℃で熱プレスにより接合した。
かかる電解質膜及び補強部材の構成体を振動試験機に固定し、90℃の雰囲気下で、振幅0.75mm(縦方向)、10Hz→55Hz→10Hzを60秒で掃引、これを1サイクルとして10サイクル行った後の電解質膜のしわ、破れ、破損などの変化を目視で観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
○:電解質膜の部分にしわ、破れ、破損などの変化が観察されず、補強性能に優れている
×:電解質膜の部分にしわ、破れ、破損の少なくともいずれか1つが観察され、補強性能が十分ではない
フィルム製造時の流れ方向に3cm×幅方向20cmの大きさのフィルムサンプルを鉄板上に載せ、鉄板を180℃に温度設定されたオーブンの中に5分間静置した後オーブンから取り出して自然冷却させる。次にフィルムサンプルを硝子板上に乗せ、4隅の高さ(鉛直方向)を測定し、それらの平均値を求める。フィルムの面を逆にして同様の測定を行い、値の大きいほうを加熱カール高さとする。
フィルムサンプル上に導電回路として銀ペースト、印刷接点部(電極)としてカーボンペーストをスクリーン印刷し、140℃で20分間乾燥を行い、スイッチ用シートを作製した後、このシート2枚を貼り合せるための接着剤及びメンブレンスイッチのスペーサーとしてフィルム状スチレン-ブタジエン樹脂を用いた。
得られたメンブレンスイッチに、スイッチがONになる荷重(初期荷重:例えば1.5kg/cm2)の負荷及び荷重の除去を1分間隔で繰返すON/OFF繰返しテストを10サイクル行い、平均荷重(初期荷重)を求める。その後、荷重を除去した状態でメンブレンスイッチを鉄板上に載せ、鉄板を180℃に温度設定されたオーブンの中にいれて、5分後に取り出し、自然冷却させる。再度スイッチに荷重をかけてON/OFF繰返しテストを10サイクル行い、スイッチがONになる荷重(処理後荷重)を測定する。上記内容のテストをn=10で実施し、その平均値より下記の基準で評価した。
荷重変化率(%)=(|処理後荷重-初期荷重|/初期荷重)×100
○:変化率が10%以下であり、熱処理による変形が小さい
×:変化率が10%を越え、熱処理による変形が大きい
<加飾用塗装代替フィルムの作製>
得られたポリエステルフィルムに、まず着色層をコンマコーターで塗工した。着色層にはバインダー成分にアクリルウレタン系樹脂、顔料にチタン粒子を20質量%含有し、不揮発成分が35質量%の溶剤塗料を用いた。厚み20μmになるように塗工を行い、90℃の乾燥炉で乾燥後巻き取りした。
着色層を塗工した原反を再度繰り出し、続いて、ハードコート層を形成するため、後述のハードコート用塗料(HC-1)をコンマコーターにより不揮発成分で30質量%のHC-1を、15μm(硬化後の厚み)で塗工したのち、90℃の乾燥炉に設定して十分に乾燥を行い、巻き取り前に、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂から成る二軸延伸フィルムを保護フィルムとして用い、ラミネートをして、ロール状に巻きとり、加飾用塗装代替フィルムを得た。
<ハードコート用塗料(HC-1)>
冷却管、撹拌装置、温度計、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、メチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)を150質量部仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら昇温した。フラスコ内の温度が74℃になったらこの温度を合成温度として維持し、メタクリル酸メチル3質量部、メタクリル酸n-ブチル82.54質量部、アクリル酸-4-ヒドロキシブチル12.85質量部、メタクリル酸0.61質量部、ファンクリルFA-711MM(日立化成社製、メタクリル酸-ペンタメチルピペリジニル)を1質量部、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.1質量部を混合したモノマー溶液を2時間掛けて滴下した。モノマー滴下終了1時間後から1時間毎に、アゾビスイソブチロニトリルを0.02質量部ずつ加えて反応を続け、溶液中の未反応モノマーが1質量%以下になるまで反応を続けた。未反応モノマーが1質量%以下になったら冷却して反応を終了し、固形分約40質量%のアクリル系共重合体溶液を得た。このアクリル系共重合体溶液に、ポリイソシアネート化合物としてデュラネート「P301-75E」(旭化成ケミカルズ社製、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートのポリイソシアネート体、以下、硬化剤1という)59.9質量部(固形質量)を加え、さらに固形分が30質量%となるようにメチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)を加えて撹拌し、ハードコート用塗料(HC-1)とした。
<ラミネート鋼板の作製>
上記で得られた加飾用塗装代替フィルムを、めっき鋼板JAC270F45/45にラミネートを行い、ラミネート鋼板を作製した。具体的には、加飾用塗装代替フィルムをアンワインド(巻出し)し、鋼板を290℃に加熱して導き、ラミネートロールを常温にして、0.3MPaの圧力でフィルムと熱圧着によりラミネートを行った。ラミネートされたラミネート鋼鈑は、冷却水で急冷し、ラミネート鋼板を得た。
<防錆性評価>
得られたラミネート鋼板における塗装代替フィルムには、カッターナイフの刃先で鋼板の下地に達するように、互いに中心で直交する長さ10cmの2本の対角線(スクラッチマーク)を引いた。該ラミネート鋼板をレトルト釜に入れ、3%酢酸+2%食塩水を満注し、125℃の加圧水蒸気で90分間レトルト処理を施した。ラミネート鋼板を取り出して、その状態を目視確認した。
〇:全10個のうち、いずれもスクラッチマークの部分のみ鋼板が錆びるものの、明瞭な拡大はない
△:全10個のうち、いずれかでスクラッチマークの部分の鋼板錆びに明瞭な拡大がみられる
×:全10個のうち、いずれかでスクラッチマークの部分に加え、それ以外の部分でも錆びが発生し、かつフィルムの剥離が発生
<積層体の製造>
得られたポリエステルフィルムの両面に熱硬化性接着剤シート「アロンマイティAF-700」(東亞合成株式会社製)を100℃で仮接着し、厚さ18μmの銅箔「TQ-M4-VSP」(三井金属鉱業株式会社製)を重ね合わせた後、180℃、1MPaの条件で30分間熱プレスしてフレキシブル銅貼積層板を作製した。
得られた銅貼積層板にドリルで直径0.1mmのビアを形成し、表面を酸洗浄した後、無電解メッキにてビア内面に銅メッキを施して積層体を製造した。
<ヒートサイクル試験>
上記で得られた積層体を用い、JIS C5016:1994の熱衝撃試験方法に従ってヒートサイクル試験を実施した。温度は-55℃~100℃、サイクル回数は100回とし、試験終了後のビア導通を評価した。
〇:10個のサンプルの測定で導通不良が1つもない
×:10個のサンプルの測定で導通不良が1個以上ある
フィルムを20℃/minの昇温速度で室温から未延伸フィルムの融点より35℃高い温度まで昇温し、該温度で3分間溶融保持した後取出し直ちに氷の上に移して急冷し、そして再び20℃/minの昇温速度で昇温する方法で求めた。Tgの読み取り位置は、示差走査熱量測定チャートのガラス転移の階段状の変化部分において、低温側のベースラインを高温側に延長した直線と、階段部分曲線の勾配が最大になるような点から引いた接線との交点の温度とする。
幅方向(TD)8mm×機械流れ方向(MD)40mmの大きさのポリエステルフィルムサンプルを用意した。分光光度計(島津製作所製、UV1800)を用いて、機械流れ方向と重力方向が平行になるようサンプルを設置し、360nm波長の透過率を測定した。
JIS-C-2318に示す方法に従って測定し、n=100の平均値を絶縁破壊電圧(BDV)とした。
試料フィルムを、23℃、50%RH、16時間の条件で状態調節した後、フィルムの両面にAl蒸着を行い、JIS-C-2318の電極及びキャパシタンス・ブリッジを用いて100℃、1kHzにおける値を測定した。
バイオマス原料由来のエチレングリコール(インディアグライコール社製)60質量部と、化石原料由来のナフタレン-2,6-ジカルボン酸ジメチルエステル150質量部とを、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレン-2,6-ナフタレンジカルボキシレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPEN-1とする。
化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部と、化石原料由来のナフタレン-2,6-ジカルボン酸ジメチルエステル150質量部とを、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレン-2,6-ナフタレンジカルボキシレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPEN-2とする。
化石原料由来のナフタレン-2,6-ジカルボン酸ジメチルエステル150質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、滑剤として平均粒径0.3μmの球状シリカ粒子を1質量%含有するように添加して、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレン-2,6-ナフタレンジカルボキシレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPEN-3とする。
化石原料由来のナフタレン-2,6-ジカルボン酸ジメチルエステル150質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、滑剤として平均粒径0.1μmの球状シリカ粒子を1質量%含有するように添加して、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレン-2,6-ナフタレンジカルボキシレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPEN-4とする。
化石原料由来のナフタレン-2,6-ジカルボン酸ジメチルエステル150質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、滑剤として平均粒径0.6μmの炭酸カルシウム粒子を1質量%含有するように添加して、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレン-2,6-ナフタレンジカルボキシレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPEN-6とする。
バイオマス原料由来のエチレングリコール(インディアグライコール社製)60質量部と、化石原料由来のテレフタル酸ジメチルエステル100質量部とを、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPET-1とする。
化石原料由来のテレフタル酸ジメチルエステル100質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPET-2とする。
化石原料由来のテレフタル酸ジメチルエステル100質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、滑剤として平均粒径0.3μmの球状シリカ粒子を1質量%含有するように添加して、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPET-3とする。
化石原料由来のテレフタル酸ジメチルエステル100質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、滑剤として平均粒径0.1μmの球状シリカ粒子を1質量%含有するように添加して、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPET-4とする。
化石原料由来のテレフタル酸ジメチルエステル100質量部と、化石原料由来のエチレングリコール60質量部を、エステル交換触媒として酢酸マンガン四水塩0.03質量部を使用し、滑剤として平均粒径0.6μmの炭酸カルシウム粒子を1質量%含有するように添加して、常法に従ってエステル交換反応させた後、トリエチルホスホノアセテート0.042質量部を添加し実質的にエステル交換反応を終了させた。ついで、三酸化アンチモン0.024質量部を添加し、引き続き高温、高真空化で常法にて重合反応を行い、固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を得た。この樹脂をPET-5とする。
(ウレタン樹脂の重合)
撹拌機、ジムロート冷却器、窒素導入管、シリカゲル乾燥管、及び温度計を備えた4つ口フラスコに、1,3-ビス(イソシアネートメチル)シクロヘキサン72.96質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸12.60質量部、ネオペンチルグリコール11.74質量部、数平均分子量2000のポリカーボネートジオール112.70質量部、及び溶剤としてアセトニトリル85.00質量部、N-メチルピロリドン5.00質量部を投入し、窒素雰囲気下、75℃において3時間撹拌し、反応液が所定のアミン当量に達したことを確認した。次に、この反応液を40℃にまで降温した後、トリエチルアミン9.03質量部を添加し、ポリウレタンプレポリマーD溶液を得た。次に、高速攪拌可能なホモディスパーを備えた反応容器に、水450gを添加して、25℃に調整して、2000rpmで攪拌混合しながら、イソシアネート基末端プレポリマーを添加して水分散した。その後、減圧下で、アセトニトリル及び水の一部を除去することにより、固形分35質量%の水溶性ポリウレタン樹脂(A)を調製した。
温度計、窒素ガス導入管、還流冷却器、滴下ロート、及び攪拌機を備えたフラスコにイソホロンジイソシアネート200質量部、カルボジイミド化触媒の3-メチル-1-フェニル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド4質量部を投入し、窒素雰囲気下、180℃において10時間撹拌し、イソシアネート末端イソホロンカルボジイミド(重合度=5)を得た。次いで、得られたカルボジイミド111.2g、ポリエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(分子量400)80gを100℃で24時間反応させた。これに水を50℃で徐々に加え、固形分40質量%の黄色透明な水溶性カルボジイミド化合物(B)を得た。
下記の塗剤を混合し、塗布液を作製した。
水 16.97質量部
イソプロパノール 21.96質量部
ポリウレタン樹脂(A) 3.27質量部
水溶性カルボジイミド化合物(B) 1.22質量部
粒子(平均粒径40nmのシリカゾル、固形分濃度40質量%) 0.51質量部
界面活性剤(シリコーン系、固形分濃度100質量%) 0.05質量部
PEN-1のペレットを押出機に供給して300℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度50℃のキャスティングドラムに接触させ冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて120℃に均一加熱し、低速ロールと高速ロールの間に設置した赤外線ヒーターでフィルム温度を135℃に加熱し、低速、高速のロール速度比を1.7倍として縦方向に延伸し一軸延伸フィルムを得た。次いで、上記の易接着層形成用塗布液をロールコート法で一軸延伸フィルムの両面に二軸延伸後の乾燥後の塗布量が0.06g/m2になるように塗布した。その後、テンターに導き145℃で予熱後、135℃で4.5倍に横延伸し、幅固定して230℃で5秒間の熱固定を施し、さらに180℃で幅方向に1%緩和させることにより、厚み50μmポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表1に示す。
縦延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表1の通りとする以外は実施例1-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表1に示す。
使用するペレットをPEN-2とする以外は実施例1-1と同様にして、厚み50μmのポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表1に示す。
PET-1を79.4質量部、PET-2を20.6質量部となるように混合し、この混合物を押出機に供給して285℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度30℃のキャスティングドラムに接触させ冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて75℃に均一加熱し、低速ロールと高速ロールの間に設置した赤外線ヒーターでフィルム温度を85℃に加熱し、低速、高速のロール速度比を1.4倍として縦方向に延伸し一軸延伸フィルムを得た。次いで、上記の易接着層形成用塗布液をロールコート法で一軸延伸フィルムの両面に二軸延伸後の乾燥後の塗布量が0.06g/m2になるように塗布した。その後、テンターに導き105℃で予熱後、100℃で4.2倍に横延伸し、幅固定して210℃で5秒間の熱固定を施し、さらに130℃で幅方向に1%緩和させることにより、厚み50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表1に示す。
表2に示すPEN樹脂を用い、以下のようにフィルムを作製した。混合したペレットを押出機に供給して300℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度50℃のキャスティングドラムに接触させ冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて120℃に均一加熱し、低速ロールと高速ロールの間に設置した赤外線ヒーターでフィルム温度を140℃に加熱し、低速、高速のロール速度比を4.0倍として縦方向に延伸し一軸延伸フィルムを得た。その後、テンターに導き130℃で予熱後、145℃で5.7倍に横延伸し、幅固定して210℃で5秒間の熱固定を施し、さらに180℃で幅方向に1%緩和させることにより、厚み5μmのポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表2に示す。
縦延伸倍率、横延伸倍率、及び厚みを表2の通りとする以外は実施例2-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表2に示す。
表2に示すPET樹脂を用い、以下のようにフィルムを作製した。混合したペレットを押出機に供給して285℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度30℃のキャスティングドラムに接触させ冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて75℃に均一加熱し、低速ロールと高速ロールの間に設置した赤外線ヒーターでフィルム温度を85℃に加熱し、低速、高速のロール速度比を3.2倍として縦方向に延伸し一軸延伸フィルムを得た。その後、テンターに導き100℃で予熱後、110℃で4.5倍に横延伸し、幅固定して210℃で5秒間の熱固定を施し、さらに180℃で幅方向に1%緩和させることにより、厚み5μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表2に示す。
表3に示すPEN樹脂を用い、以下のようにフィルムを作製した。混合したペレットを押出機に供給して315℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度50℃のキャスティングドラムに接触させ冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて120℃に均一加熱し、低速ロールと高速ロールの間に設置した赤外線ヒーターでフィルム温度を130℃に加熱し、低速、高速のロール速度比を2.9倍として縦方向に延伸して一軸延伸フィルムを得た。その後、テンターに導き120℃で予熱後、140℃で2.8倍に横延伸し、幅固定して235℃で5秒間の熱固定を施し、さらに180℃で幅方向に3%緩和させることにより、厚み250μmのポリエチレン-2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表3に示す。
縦延伸倍率、横延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表3の通りとする以外は実施例3-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表3に示す。
表3に示すPET樹脂を用い、以下のようにフィルムを作製した。混合したペレットを押出機に供給して285℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金よりシート状にして押し出した後、静電印加キャスト法を用いて表面温度30℃のキャスティングドラムに接触させ冷却固化し、未延伸フィルムを作った。未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて75℃に均一加熱し、低速ロールと高速ロールの間に設置した赤外線ヒーターでフィルム温度を85℃に加熱し、低速、高速のロール速度比を2.9倍として縦方向に延伸し一軸延伸フィルムを得た。その後、テンターに導き100℃で予熱後、110℃で2.8倍に横延伸し、幅固定して230℃で5秒間の熱固定を施し、さらに180℃で幅方向に1%緩和させることにより、厚み250μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表3に示す。
実施例3-1で作製した厚み250μmのフィルムを粉砕後乾燥し、押出機に供給して310℃で融解した。この溶融ポリマーを、ステンレス焼結体の濾材(公称濾過精度10μm粒子95%カット)で濾過し、口金からストランド上に押し出して水冷し、5mm長さにカットして再生ペレットを作製し、これをPEN-5とした。表3の記載の割合でPEN-1、PEN-3及びPEN-5を混合し、その後は実施例3-1と同様にして、厚み250μmのポリエチレンナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表3に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率及び熱固定温度を表4の通りとする以外は実施例1-1と同様にして、厚み40μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表4に示す。
縦延伸倍率、横延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表3の通りとする以外は実施例5-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表4に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率及び熱固定温度を表4の通りとする以外は比較例2と同様にして厚み40μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表4に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表5の通りとすることと、一軸延伸されたフィルムの片面に、固形分濃度3重量%の水性塗布液Bをキスコート法にて4g/m2塗工した以外は実施例3-1と同様にして、厚み25μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表5に示す。塗布液Bは、固形分としてメチルメタクリレート70モル%/エチルアクリレート22モル%/N-メチロールアクリルアミド4モル%/N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド4モル%で構成されているアクリル共重合体90重量%に、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル(n=7)10重量%を混合したものである。
縦延伸倍率、横延伸倍率、及び厚みを表5の通りとする以外は実施例6-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表4に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表5の通りとし、実施例6-1と同様に一軸延伸されたフィルムの片面に、固形分濃度3重量%の水性塗布液Bをキスコート法にて4g/m2塗工した以外は、比較例6と同様にして厚み25μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表6の通りとした以外は実施例3-1と同様にして、厚み125μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表6に示す。
縦延伸倍率、横延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表6の通りとする以外は実施例7-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表6に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表6の通りとした以外は比較例6と同様にして、厚み125μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表6に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表7の通りとした以外は実施例3-1と同様にして、厚み50μmのポリエステルフィルムロールを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表7に示す。
厚みを表7の通りとする以外は実施例8-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表7に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表7の通りとした以外は比較例6と同様にして、厚み50μmのポリエステルフィルムロールを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表7に示す。
実施例8-1~8-3と比較例13で得られたフィルムをさらに懸垂式の弛緩熱処理装置を用いて230℃、5分間熱処理した。得られたフィルムの特性を表8に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表6の通りとした以外は実施例3-1と同様にして、厚み1.5μmのポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表6に示す。
熱固定温度及び厚みを表6の通りとする以外は実施例10-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表9に示す。
用いる原料と延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表10の通りとした以外は実施例1-1と同様にして、厚み50μmのポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの特性を表10に示す。
縦延伸倍率、横延伸倍率、熱固定温度、及び厚みを表10の通りとする以外は実施例11-1と同様にしてポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレートフィルムを得た。このフィルムの特性を表9に示す。
11: PTFE板
12: スペーサー
13: ホールド角
21: 最外面の直径
22: 中立面の直径
23: 最内面の直径
Claims (4)
- バイオマス原料由来のエチレングリコール単位を含むジオール単位と、ナフタレンジカルボン酸単位を含むジカルボン酸単位とを有するポリエステルを含むポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記ポリエステルフィルムに含まれる全樹脂中、前記ポリエステルの占める割合が1~100質量%である、請求項1に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
- 少なくとも1方向に延伸されている、請求項1又は2に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
- 下記(1)~(13)のいずれかに用いるための、請求項1又は2に記載のポリエステルフィルム。
(1)電気絶縁用フィルム
(2)フレキシブル回路基板
(3)フレキシブル回路基板カバーフィルム
(4)フィルムコンデンサ―
(5)偏光子保護フィルム
(6)ディスプレイ用表面保護フィルム
(7)ハイバリア基材
(8)フォルダブルディスプレイ用フィルム
(9)モーター用絶縁フィルム
(10)メンブレンタッチスイッチ基材
(11)燃料電池用ガスケット
(12)磁気テープ基材
(13)加飾フィルム
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| JP2024551689A JPWO2024080273A1 (ja) | 2022-10-13 | 2023-10-10 | |
| CN202380067577.1A CN119907821A (zh) | 2022-10-13 | 2023-10-10 | 聚酯薄膜 |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2024080273A1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20250078572A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN119907821A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW202428691A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024080273A1 (ja) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02269116A (ja) * | 1989-04-10 | 1990-11-02 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | 共縮合ポリエステル、その製法およびその用途 |
| JPH11293005A (ja) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-26 | Teijin Ltd | ポリエチレンナフタレート共重合体からなるフイルム |
| JP2010280750A (ja) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-12-16 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | 非化石原料を用いた環境負荷低減型耐熱性ポリエステルおよびその製造方法 |
| JP2012097163A (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-24 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | ポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
| JP2016069432A (ja) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-05-09 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | ポリエステルフィルムおよび太陽電池裏面保護シート用ポリエステルフィルム |
| WO2021054130A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | Dic株式会社 | 透湿防水布帛 |
| WO2021199896A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-07 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 二軸延伸フィルム |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2728919T3 (es) | 2011-02-22 | 2019-10-29 | Toray Industries | Composición de diol y poliéster |
| JP5316725B1 (ja) | 2011-09-06 | 2013-10-16 | 東レ株式会社 | 耐熱性に優れたポリエステルおよびその製造方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-10-10 CN CN202380067577.1A patent/CN119907821A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-10 KR KR1020257015034A patent/KR20250078572A/ko active Pending
- 2023-10-10 JP JP2024551689A patent/JPWO2024080273A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-10-10 WO PCT/JP2023/036716 patent/WO2024080273A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-13 TW TW112139093A patent/TW202428691A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02269116A (ja) * | 1989-04-10 | 1990-11-02 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | 共縮合ポリエステル、その製法およびその用途 |
| JPH11293005A (ja) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-26 | Teijin Ltd | ポリエチレンナフタレート共重合体からなるフイルム |
| JP2010280750A (ja) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-12-16 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | 非化石原料を用いた環境負荷低減型耐熱性ポリエステルおよびその製造方法 |
| JP2012097163A (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-24 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | ポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
| JP2016069432A (ja) * | 2014-09-27 | 2016-05-09 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | ポリエステルフィルムおよび太陽電池裏面保護シート用ポリエステルフィルム |
| WO2021054130A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | Dic株式会社 | 透湿防水布帛 |
| WO2021199896A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-07 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 二軸延伸フィルム |
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| KR20250078572A (ko) | 2025-06-02 |
| TW202428691A (zh) | 2024-07-16 |
| CN119907821A (zh) | 2025-04-29 |
| JPWO2024080273A1 (ja) | 2024-04-18 |
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