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WO2024076752A1 - Compositions alimentaires pour animaux de compagnie - Google Patents

Compositions alimentaires pour animaux de compagnie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024076752A1
WO2024076752A1 PCT/US2023/034669 US2023034669W WO2024076752A1 WO 2024076752 A1 WO2024076752 A1 WO 2024076752A1 US 2023034669 W US2023034669 W US 2023034669W WO 2024076752 A1 WO2024076752 A1 WO 2024076752A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
food composition
ppm
hypoallergenic
dry food
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2023/034669
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English (en)
Inventor
Isabelle LESPONNE
Lara FOSSATI
Laura FAUVIAU
Maxime SAUBLET
Benedicte GARZINO
Dominique LOBBE
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Mars Inc
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Mars Inc
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Priority to EP23800647.2A priority Critical patent/EP4598372A1/fr
Publication of WO2024076752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024076752A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A23K50/42—Dry feed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
    • A23L33/185—Vegetable proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/40—Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of food compositions for companion animals, especially for puppies, and uses thereof.
  • Companion animals such as dogs and cats, require differing diets depending on their age, size, body composition, medical problems and often breed. Both dog and cat nutrient requirements can be separated into three different categories based on the life stage which are: growing animals, such as puppies, adult animals, and senior animals.
  • This condition also known as an adverse food reaction, is usually an abnormal response to animal and/or vegetal proteins found in commercial pet food leading to a resistance to feed of companion animals, especially puppies, with detrimental impacts on their health.
  • Adverse food reactions can present dermatological lesions and/or gastrointestinal problems, such as vomiting or diarrhea, that can cause discomfort and pain in companion animals.
  • said food compositions do not provide effective nutritional content and contain animal proteins that can cause allergic reactions in companion animals that consume it.
  • hypoallergenic food compositions that promote and/or support the growth of a companion animal, in particular a puppy, for decreasing or minimizing the risk of adverse food reactions while remaining palatable.
  • novel hypoallergenic diets should be palatable, well tolerated and digested by the companion animal and be easily produced.
  • the present disclosure has for purpose to satisfy all or part of the above-mentioned needs.
  • a food composition including ingredients that are formulated to prevent or minimize the risk of adverse food reaction in a companion animal, especially a puppy.
  • the food composition of the disclosure is also formulated to support the development and the growth of a companion animal, especially a puppy.
  • the present disclosure relates to a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition for a companion animal, in particular a puppy, wherein said composition can include: from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C, from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium (Ca), from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus (P), and from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine (Thr), the weight percentage and ppm being expressed on a dry matter basis.
  • vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C, from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can comprise other substances (such as fiber, lutein, taurine, beta-carotene, natural flavor(s), etc.) so that its composition amounts to 100% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • other substances such as fiber, lutein, taurine, beta-carotene, natural flavor(s), etc.
  • the vegetal proteins within the composition as disclosed herein can include at least about 99% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins on a dry matter basis.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins within the composition as disclosed herein can have a molecular weight of 30,000 Dalton (Da) or less.
  • the source of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can be soya, rice, and/or a combination thereof.
  • the source of fat can be a vegetal fat source and/or animal fat source.
  • fat within the food composition can include both fat from vegetal source and animal source.
  • vegetal fat can be selected from various sources, which include, without limitation, from wheat, sunflower, safflower, rapeseed, olive, borage, flaxseed, peanuts, blackcurrant seed, cottonseed, germ, com germ, algae, and/or a combination thereof.
  • animal fat can be selected from a source of fat selected from fish oil, krill oil, and/or a combination thereof.
  • the weight ratio of vegetal fat to animal fat can range from about 1 : 1 to about 2: 1.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include fibers in a range of about 3% to about 8% by weight based on dry matter basis.
  • fibers can include soluble and insoluble fibers.
  • the weight ratio of soluble fibers to insoluble fibers can range from about 1 :2 to about 1 : 1.
  • soluble fibers can be selected from, without limitation, beet pulp, guar gum, chicory pulp, chicory root, psyllium, pectin, blueberry, cranberry, squash, apples, oats, beans, citrus, barley, peas, and/or a combination thereof.
  • insoluble fibers can originate from fiber sources selected from, without limitation, cellulose, whole wheat products, wheat oat, corn bran, flax seed, grapes, celery, green beans, cauliflower, potato skins, fruit skins, vegetable skins, peanut hulls, soy fiber, and/or a combination thereof.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include at least one natural flavor.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can have a Metabolizable Energy (ME) of about 4000 kcal/kg, as measured according to the NRC 2006.
  • ME Metabolizable Energy
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 3% to about 7% by weight of lutein, on a dry matter basis.
  • the amount of lutein within the food composition can range from about 4% to about 6% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • the amount of lutein within the food composition can range from about 4.8% to about 5.2% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of taurine, on a dry matter basis.
  • the amount of taurine can range from about 0.3% to about 1% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • the amount of taurine can range from about 0.4% to about 0.6% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 1.5 ppm to about 10 ppm by weight of beta-carotene, on dry matter basis.
  • the amount of beta-carotene can range from about 2 ppm to about 7 ppm by weight on dry matter basis.
  • the amount of beta-carotene can range from about 4 ppm to about 5 ppm by weight on dry matter basis.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can be a kibble, particularly a kibble having a size that does not exceed about 10.5 mm x 10.5 mm x 4 mm.
  • a companion animal particularly a puppy, can be less than about 15 months, and more particularly less than about 6 months old companion animal.
  • a companion animal particularly a puppy, can be 1 month old, 2 months old, 3 months old, 4 months old, 5 months old or 6 months old companion animal.
  • the present disclosure also relates to the use of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein for promoting and/or supporting the growth of a companion animal, especially for promoting and/or supporting the growth of a companion animal suffering from adverse food reaction, the said companion animal being most preferably a puppy.
  • the present disclosure also concerns a method for promoting and/or supporting the growth of a companion animal comprising at least a step of providing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition to the companion animal wherein the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can include: from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C, from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium (Ca), from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus (P), and from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine (Thr), the weight percentage and ppm being expressed on a dry matter basis.
  • the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can include: from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least 95% by weight of hydrolyze
  • the said hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can comprise other substances (such as fiber, lutein, taurine, beta-carotene, natural flavor(s), etc.) so that its composition amounts to 100% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be provided to a companion animal, particularly a puppy, which is affected with adverse food reaction, or a companion animal which is likely to be affected with adverse food reaction.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method for reducing the likelihood of occurrence of adverse food reaction in a companion animal, especially a puppy, said method comprising at least a step of providing to the puppy a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method of manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein, can include the steps of: a) mixing: from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, from about 200ppm to about 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C, from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium (Ca), from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus (P), and from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine (Thr), thereby obtaining a mixture, the weight percentage and weight ppm being expressed on a dry matter basis; and b) heating the mixture and obtaining the said hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition.
  • the objective of the present disclosure is to provide a well-tolerated new hypoallergenic dry food composition, including hydrolyzed vegetal protein, an optimal nutritional level of proteins, vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, threonine and/or fat for a companion animal, preferably a puppy, especially those susceptible or predisposed to adverse food reaction or those suffering from adverse food reaction.
  • the food composition as described herein does not provoke allergic reaction in companion animals.
  • the food composition of the present disclosure is formulated to avoid or at least minimized the risk of a food aversion.
  • the detailed description of the presently disclosed subject matter is divided into the following subsections:
  • Ranges provided herein are understood to be shorthand for all of the values within the range.
  • a range of 1 to 50 is understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or sub-range from the group consisting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50 as well as all intervening decimal values between the aforementioned integers such as, for example, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9.
  • Ranges disclosed herein, for example, “between about X and about Y” are, unless specified otherwise, inclusive of range limits about X and about Y as well as X and Y.
  • “nested sub-ranges” that extend from either endpoint of the range are specifically contemplated.
  • a nested sub-range of an exemplary range of 1 to 50 can include 1 to 10, 1 to 20, 1 to 30, and 1 to 40 in one direction, or 50 to 40, 50 to 30, 50 to 20, and 50 to 10 in the other direction.
  • references to “embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “one embodiment”, “another embodiment,” “in various embodiments,” “certain embodiments,” etc. indicate that the embodiment(s) described can include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment might not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described. After reading the description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) how to implement the disclosure in alternative embodiments.
  • an adverse food reaction is referring to an abnormal or exaggerated immune response of a companion animal to the ingestion of a food composition, which negative response can cause a reduced appetite that could lead to a refusal of the diet or a food aversion.
  • An adverse food reaction response can be immune-mediated which is referred to as a food allergy.
  • the said negative response can also be a non-immune-mediated response, called a food intolerance.
  • an adverse food reaction encompasses pruritus, often referred as to itching, and can result in additional dermatological signs, such as alopecia, seborrhoea or pyoderma.
  • allergic reaction is a clinical altered immune response by an individual to a dietary allergen. Symptoms of allergic reactions can affect the cutaneous (e.g., urticaria, angioedema, pruritus), respiratory (e.g., wheezing, coughing, laryngeal edema, rhinorrhea, watery/itching eyes), gastrointestinal (e.g., vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea), and/or cardiovascular (if a systemic reaction occurs) systems. Allergic reaction to a food composition can provoke an adverse food reaction by the companion animal feeding this food compositions.
  • cutaneous e.g., urticaria, angioedema, pruritus
  • respiratory e.g., wheezing, coughing, laryngeal edema, rhinorrhea, watery/itching eyes
  • gastrointestinal e.g., vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea
  • cardiovascular if a systemic reaction occurs
  • the term “food aversion” refers to an eating disorder in a companion animal that leads to detrimental health outcomes, including renal impairment, nutritional deficiencies, non-optimal puppy development or energy deficits. Food aversion manifests as adverse effects in companion animals, often stemming from a negative association between the taste of a particular food composition and symptoms induced by intoxication, spoilage, or toxic substances. Typically, a food aversion is developed by a companion animal following the ingestion of food compositions that elicit feelings of nausea, induce vomiting or induce an adverse food reaction.
  • the terms “animal”, “companion animal”, or “pet” refers to domestic animals including, but not limited to, domestic dogs, domestic cats, horses, cows, ferrets, rabbits, pigs, rats, mice, gerbils, hamsters, goats, and the like. Domestic dogs and cats are particular non-limiting examples of pets.
  • the term “companion animal” refers to pets, in particular dog and cat, particularly to puppy and kitten, and more particularly to puppy.
  • a “puppy” refers to a young dog aged from about 2 to about 15 months old, depending on the breed and expected adult weight. In some preferred embodiments, a puppy can be less than about 6 months old.
  • the terms “food”, “food composition”, “diet” or “foodstuff’ cover all of foodstuff, diet, food or a material that can contain proteins, carbohydrates and/or crude fats, which is used in the body of an organism to sustain growth, repair and vital processes and to furnish energy.
  • Foods can also contain supplementary substances or additives, for example, minerals, vitamins and condiments (See Merriam- Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 10th Edition, 1993).
  • Such food compositions can be nutritionally complete.
  • a food composition according to the present disclosure is a nutritionally complete food composition.
  • threonine refers to an amino acid.
  • An amino acid threonine can be used in the biosynthesis of proteins (CAS Registry Number® is 80-68-2).
  • Threonine (Thr) is an essential amino acid needs to be present in the diet of companion animals, such as puppies. This essential amino acid is naturally present in protein source and can be added as a protein supplement in the formulation of the food compositions in order to achieve the target recommended level of threonine suitable for an optimal puppy’s growth.
  • carbohydrate includes, for example without limitation, cereals, grains, corn, wheat, rice, oats, corn grits, sorghum, grain sorghum (milo), wheat bran, oat bran, amaranth, durum, semolina, or mixtures thereof.
  • NFE nitrogen-free extract
  • the term “fat” encompasses any food-acceptable fat(s) and/or oil (s) irrespective of their consistency at room temperature, i.e., irrespective of whether said “fat” is present in essentially fluid form or in essentially solid form.
  • the term “fat” includes vegetal fat and/or animal fat. Fat can be supplied by any of a variety of sources known by those skilled in the art. SFat content of foods can be determined by any number of methods known by those of skill in the art. A fat source can comprise, or even consist essentially of a mixture of fatty acids.
  • fat As used herein, the terms “fat”, “oil”, and “lipid” are synonymous and also encompass mixtures of fats or oils.
  • Animal fats as well as vegetable oils and/or marine oils can be used. Any commercially available source of animal, vegetable, marine fat can be tested.
  • Plant oils are typically canola oil, soybean oil, com oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, peanut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, safflower oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, and the like.
  • Typical animal fats are beef fat (including beef tallow), pork fat (including pork lard), poultry fat (including chicken fat, turkey fat, duck fat, and combinations thereof), and the like.
  • Marine oils are typically tuna oil, sardine oil, salmon oil, menhaden oil, anchovy oil, fish oil, and the like. Also are encompassed herein fats that are derived from animal, plant, marine sources, or that are produced by animals and plants.
  • dry food composition generally refers to a food composition having a moisture content of less than 12% by weight, relative to the total weight of the food composition, and commonly even less than 7% by weight, relative to the total weight of the food composition. Dry food compositions can be formed by an extrusion process. In some embodiments, a dry food composition can be formed from a core and a coating to form a dry food composition that is coated, also called a coated dry animal food composition. It should be understood that when the term “dry food composition” is used, it can refer to an uncoated dry food composition or a coated dry food composition. A dry food composition can be a kibble.
  • Kibble includes a particulate pellet like component of animal feeds, such as dog and cat feeds, typically having a moisture, or water, content of less than 12% by weight, relative to the total weight of the kibble. Kibbles can range in texture from hard to soft. Kibbles can range in internal structure from expanded to dense.
  • hypoallergenic food composition refers to a composition for which a substantially limited or no allergic reaction is achieved upon consumption of the composition.
  • Hypoallergenic food compositions disclosed herein can be dry or wet food compositions.
  • hypoallergenic food compositions can be dry food compositions.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition In the present disclosure, the expressions “hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition”, “food composition” and “composition” are alternatively used to designate the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition of the present disclosure.
  • a nutritionally complete food composition contains all known required nutrients for the intended recipient of the food composition, in all appropriate amounts and proportions based, for example, on recommendations of recognized and competent authorities in the field of animal nutrition.
  • companion animals are puppies. Therefore, a nutritionally adequate feed is a feed with which the said companion animal, e.g., the said puppy, can be fed as the sole ration and is capable of sustaining life without additional food (except water).
  • the nutritionally complete food composition can contain a carrier, a diluent, or an excipient. Depending on the intended use, the carrier, diluent, or excipient can be chosen to be suitable for animal use.
  • the term “optimal” in the context of growth or development refers to a food composition or formula providing complete and balance nutrition for a companion animal, such as a puppy. “Optimal” refers to an appropriate amount of calories supporting the growth and development of a companion animal throughout its life. This is defined as the amount that supports normal growth and maintains the puppy at a balanced lean body condition.
  • the food composition of the present disclosure presents the right balance of protein, calcium, essential vitamins and minerals delivering the energy and vitality needed for supporting growth and development. Fast and low growth is not optimal growth.
  • the optimal growth of a companion animal can be evaluated with the ratio of the weight and the age of the companion animal. In particular, the optimal growth also depends on the breed of the companion animal.
  • the optimal growth of a companion animal can be evaluated by any suitable method known in the art.
  • the growth can be objectively observed as regard of the line body of the companion animal or evaluated by management tools.
  • the body condition score can be used to evaluate body fat of dogs and cats (Body Condition Scores by Lynn Buzhardt, DVM Care & Wellness, Pet Services; or Baldwin et al. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, July/ August 2010, Vol. 46).
  • palatability refers to being desirable to the palate or taste. Further, the terms “palatability” or “palatable” as used herein refer to the extent to which an animal food product, in particular a pet food product, appeals to the palate or taste of the animal. This is suitable measured by feeding tests, e.g., difference tests or ranking tests. In certain embodiments, “palatability” can mean a relative preference for one food product over another. For example, when an animal shows a preference for one of two or more food products, the preferred food product is more “palatable”, and has “enhanced palatability” or “increased palatability”.
  • a reference optimal growth for a companion animal can be obtained by measuring the Body Score Condition (BCS).
  • BCS Body Score Condition
  • a BCS from about 1 to less than 4, in particular would be indicative of an underweight.
  • a BCS from 4 to 5, in particular 4, 4.5, or 5 would be indicative of an ideal weight for a dog.
  • a BCS from above 5 to 9, in particular 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, or 9 would be indicative of an overweight for a dog.
  • a BCS of about 4 to 5 is targeted in a canine companion animal to achieve optimal growth and development and avoid nutritional related diseases in adulthood.
  • a BCS of 4 to 5 throughout the life of the companion animal is optimal.
  • a BCS from about 1 to less than 2.5 would be indicative of an underweight.
  • a BCS from 2.5 to 3.5 would be indicative of an ideal weight for a cat.
  • a BCS from above 3.5 to 5 would be indicative of an overweight for a cat.
  • a BCS of 2.5 to 3.5 is targeted in feline companion animal to achieve optimal growth and development and avoid nutritional related diseases in adulthood.
  • a reference optimal growth for a companion animal can be obtained by measuring the muscle condition score (MCS).
  • MCS muscle condition score
  • the MCS differs from the BCS in that the MCS evaluates muscle mass. Evaluation of muscle mass includes visual examination and palpation over the temporal bones, scapulae, lumbar vertebrae and pelvic bones.
  • ppm or “parts per million” is herein used according to its conventional meaning. More precisely, it refers herein to a weight amount relative to the total weight of the dry matter of the food composition (e.g., mg/kg) (unless otherwise indicated).
  • an amount of a component as expressed as weight/Mcal can consist of a weight amount of the said component by unit of Metabolizable Energy (ME) of the total animal food composition.
  • ME Metabolizable Energy
  • the ME parameter is intended to represent the energy value of a food composition that is directly metabolized after consumption.
  • the ME value can be measured by any suitable method known in the art.
  • the ME value can be measured using feeding trial.
  • the gross energy (GE) of the food is determined in the laboratory, and the amounts of food eaten by the animals are recorded.
  • the feces and urine from the animals are collected, and the energy in each is determined and called fecal energy (FE) and urinary energy (UE), respectively.
  • the ME is then calculated by the following formula:
  • ME (kcal/kg) [GE - (FE + UE)] / Kg of food consumed.
  • the ME value can be measured by a mathematical method, in particular taking into account the percentage of crude fat (CF), the percentage of crude protein (CP), and the percentage of carbohydrates (NFE) in the composition.
  • CF percentage of crude fat
  • CP percentage of crude protein
  • NFE percentage of carbohydrates
  • Metabolizable Energy is conventionally determinable according to standard methods, and especially according to the modified Atwater factorial equation proposed by the National Research Council (NRC) in 2006 (Calvez et al., PLoS One. 2019).
  • NRC National Research Council
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition of the present disclosure shows advantages in promoting and supporting the growth of a companion animal, in particular a puppy, especially for a companion animal suffering from adverse food reaction.
  • the present disclosure relates to a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition for a companion animal, preferably a puppy, wherein said composition can include: about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins; about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat; about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm of vitamin C; about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium (Ca); about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus (P); and about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine (Thr), the weight percentage and ppm by being expressed on a dry matter basis.
  • vegetal proteins said vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins; about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat; about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm of vitamin C; about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, about 0.5% to about
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can comprise other substances (such as fiber, lutein, taurine, beta-carotene, natural flavor(s), etc.) so that its composition amounts to 100% by weight on a dry matter basis.
  • other substances such as fiber, lutein, taurine, beta-carotene, natural flavor(s), etc.
  • the food composition according to the present disclosure is prepared according to the techniques which are well known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the palatability of the hypoallergenic palatable compositions according to the present disclosure can be measured by any suitable known method in the art.
  • the palatability of a food composition can be assessed using a single bowl test or a by a two- bowl test or other methods for determining palatability (Aldrich et al. Animals (Basel). 2015 Jan 16;5(l):43-55).
  • the hydrolyzed protein content of the composition ensures a decrease immune- system recognition and avoids food allergy.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition according to the present disclosure can contain vegetal proteins from one or more distinct source(s) of proteins.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include a plurality of sources of vegetal proteins.
  • vegetal proteins can cause less allergic reaction than animal proteins in a companion animal, while providing suitable protein nutriment for the companion animal to maintain its weight and/or for promoting and/or supporting the growth of the animal.
  • hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can cause at most a limited allergic reaction or even no allergic reaction in a companion animal, especially in a puppy.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition according to the present disclosure can include vegetal proteins in a range of from about 20% to about 25% by weight on a dry matter basis, said vegetal proteins comprising at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins.
  • a protein content ranging from about 20% to about 25% by weight includes a vegetal protein content of 21%, 22%, 23% and 24%, by weight, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • hydrolyzed vegetal proteins 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins is intended to refer to the percentage of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins by weight, based on the total weight of proteins of the food composition.
  • the expression “at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins” can include about 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% and 100% of hydrolyzed proteins, by weight, based on the total weight of proteins of the food composition.
  • the vegetal proteins can include at least about 99% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins.
  • hydrolyzed vegetal proteins contained in the food composition as described herein can be prepared according to the techniques which are well known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins have a molecular weight of about 30,000 Dalton (Da) or less. This means that the hydrolyzed vegetal protein material contains peptides of a molecular weight of about 30,000 Da or less.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins have a molecular weight of about 75 Da or more.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal protein material contains peptides of a molecular weight of about 75 Da or more.
  • a peptide of about 75 Da contained in the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can consist of an amino acid.
  • a peptide of about 75 Da or more encompasses peptides having a molecular weight of about 100 Da or more, 150 Da or more, 200 Da or more, 300 Da or more, 350 Da or more, 400 Da or more, 450 Da or more, 500 Da or more, 1,000 Da or more,
  • a peptide having a molecular weight of about 75 Da or more does not exceed a molecular weight of about 30,000 Da.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can have a molecular weight ranging from about 75 Da to about 30,000 Da.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can have a molecular weight ranging from about 75 Da to about 20,000 Da.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can have a molecular weight ranging from about 75 Da to about 10,000 Da.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can have a molecular weight ranging from about 75 Da to about 5,000 Da.
  • the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins can be from vegetal origin, in particular from wheat, soy, rice, corn and pea.
  • the source of partially hydrolyzed proteins can be selected from soya, rice, and/or a combination thereof.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include proteins and more particularly amino acids, such that the amino acid profile is adequate to support growth.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include from about 0.5% by weight to about 1.5% by weight of threonine.
  • the source of threonine is not limiting.
  • threonine can be naturally contained in protein sources such as chicken, turkey, beef, fish, eggs, or vegetal -based proteins.
  • threonine can be provided by the hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, in particular from wheat, soy, rice, corn and pea.
  • a source of threonine can be a protein supplement comprising at least threonine and, optionally, one or more other amino acid(s). In some embodiments, a source of threonine can be a threonine supplement.
  • a protein supplement comprising threonine can be available commercially and/or produced by bacterial engineering.
  • the content of threonine of the food composition can be determined by any suitable methods known in the art. To determine that the animal food composition contains the right balance of amino acids, including threonine, the amino acid profiles of the ingredients can be determined. For instance, the content of threonine can be evaluated by the methods disclosed by Fauconneau, INRA/EDP Sciences, 1956, or Rutherfurd et al., Curr Protoc Protein Sci. 2009.
  • the threonine content of the food composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine can include about 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3% and 1.4% by weight of threonine based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • threonine can be introduced into the food composition formula through the inclusion of a raw material as a protein source.
  • the proportion of raw material used as a protein source can vary to meet the target range of about 0.5% by weight to about 1.5% by weight of threonine while meeting the proportion of other components such as overall protein amount, fat, fibre etc. Consequently, depending on the particular food composition formula, the addition of a protein supplement containing threonine can be necessary to achieve the desired threonine content in the final food composition.
  • threonine can be incorporated through raw materials, such as vegetal-based proteins, in a total amount of 0.1% by weight on a dry matter basis. Therefore, a protein supplement should be incorporated to attain the desired content of threonine, ranging from about 0.5% by weight to about 1.5% by weight of threonine, on a dry matter basis.
  • a protein supplement can be introduced in the food composition of the present disclosure, to attain the desired content of threonine, in an amount ranging from about 0.01% by weight to about 1.5% by weigh of threonine, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • a protein supplement can be introduced in the food composition of the present disclosure, to attain the desired content of threonine, in an amount of about 0.01%, about 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.15%, about 0.20%, .about 0.25%, about 0.30%, about 0.35%, about 0.40%, about 0.45%, about 0.50%, about 0.55%, about 0.60%, about 0.65%, about 0.70%, about 0.75%, about 0.80%, about 0.85%, about 0.90%, about 0.95%, about 1.0% or about 1.5% by weight of threonine, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition according to the present disclosure can include a nutritionally appropriate amount of fat.
  • the expression “source of fat” is intended to refer to any food- acceptable fat and/or oil.
  • the fat in accordance with the present disclosure can be indifferently in a fluid form and/or in a solid form.
  • the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include fat from animal origin and/or from vegetal origin. Fat can be supplied by any suitable source known by those skilled in the art.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include fat originate from a vegetal source or an animal source.
  • a fat source can be a vegetal fat source. In some embodiments, a fat source can be an animal fat source. In some embodiments, a fat source can include a vegetal fat and animal fat.
  • a suitable vegetal fat source can include, without limitation, wheat, sunflower, safflower, rapeseed, olive, borage, flaxseed, peanuts, blackcurrant seed, cottonseed, germ, corn germ, algae, and/or a combination thereof as well as oils derived from these.
  • a suitable animal fat source can include, for example and without limitation, meat; meat by-products such as chicken fat, turkey fat, beef fat, duck fat, pork fat, lamb fat; fish oil, seafood; dairy; eggs.
  • the animal fat source can be selected from fish oil, algae oil, krill oil, and/or a combination thereof.
  • a weight ratio of vegetal fat to animal fat can range from about 1 : 1 to about 2:1.
  • the fat content in a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein ranges from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat includes 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24% by weight of fat, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • the fat content can include a source of linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, omega-6 fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EP A), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and a mixture thereof.
  • a source of linoleic acid alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, omega-6 fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EP A), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and a mixture thereof.
  • the EPA and/or DHA and linoleic acid content can generate an anti-inflammatory effect, in particular a decrease skin inflammation.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include vitamin C from one or more distinct source(s) of vitamin C.
  • Vitamin C also known as ascorbic acid, is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and in immune system function. Vitamin C cannot be synthesized in vivo.
  • Vitamin C can be a natural or a synthetic nutrient which can be provided from a plurality of sources. Vitamin C can be obtained from whole food sources or artificially obtained with an industrial process, thereby obtaining isolated nutrients.
  • vitamin C can be provided from a natural source, in particular a plant source.
  • a suitable plant source of vitamin C can include, without limitation, Kakadu plum, camu camu, acerola, seabuckthorn, Indian gooseberry, rose hip, guava, blackcurrant, yellow bell pepper, red bell pepper, green beel pepper, kale, kiwi, broccoli, loganberry, cloudberry, elderberry, papaya, strawberry, orange, lemon, pineapple, cauliflower, cantaloupe, grapefruit, raspberry, passion fruit, spinach, cabbage, mango and blackberry.
  • vitamin C can be provided as an isolated nutrient.
  • Vitamin C in an isolated nutrient form can be obtained from a concentrated/dehydrated whole food.
  • the vitamin C content in the composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm of vitamin C includes about 200 ppm, 210 ppm, 220 ppm, 230 ppm, 240 ppm, 250 ppm, 260 ppm, 270 ppm, 280 ppm, 290 ppm, 300 ppm, 310 ppm, 320 ppm, 330 ppm, 340 ppm, 350 ppm, 360 ppm, 370 ppm, 380 ppm, 390 ppm, 400 ppm, 410 ppm, 420 ppm, 430 ppm, 450 ppm, 460 ppm, 470 ppm, 480 ppm, 490 ppm and 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • the vitamin C content in the composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 350 ppm to about 450 ppm by weight of vitamin C, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • the vitamin C content within the composition can be of about 400 ppm by weight, based on a dry matter basis.
  • Vitamin C refers to the CAS Registry Number® 50-81-7 and to a compound of the following structure: or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or racemic, enantiomeric, diastereoisomeric or tautomeric forms.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include vitamin E from one or more distinct source(s) of vitamin E.
  • Vitamin E includes tocopherols and tocotrienols, which share the same biological activity.
  • the most biologically active biological form of vitamin E (also the most active antioxidant) in animal tissue is alpha-tocopherol. Vitamin E cannot be synthesized in vivo.
  • Vitamin E can be in any form.
  • Vitamin E can be liquid, semi-solid or solid.
  • Vitamin E can be tocopherol or tocotrienol.
  • Vitamin E can be alphatocopherol, (d-x or dl-oc) beta-tocopherol (d-,B or dl-), gammatocopherol (dot or dim), delta-tocopherol, alpha-tocotrienol, beta-tocotrienol, gamma- tocotrienol or del ta-tocotri enol.
  • vitamin E can be alphatocopherol.
  • Vitamin E can be provided from a plurality of source.
  • a source of vitamin E can include vitamin E acetate, (e.g., tocopherol acetate), vitamin E acetate adsorbate or vitamin E acetate spray dried.
  • vitamin E can be produced either by extraction, or by synthesis, or biotechnologically.
  • vitamin E content in a composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E includes about 400 ppm, 410 ppm, 420 ppm, 430 ppm, 440 ppm, 450 ppm, 460 ppm, 470 ppm, 480 ppm, 490 ppm, 500 ppm, 510 ppm, 520 ppm, 530 ppm, 550 ppm, 560 ppm, 570 ppm, 580 ppm and 590 ppm, 600 ppm, 610 ppm, 620 ppm, 630 ppm, 640 ppm, 650 ppm, 660 ppm, 670 ppm, 680 ppm, 690 ppm, 700 ppm, 710 ppm, 720 ppm, 730 ppm 740 ppm, 750 ppm, 760 ppm, 770 ppm, 780 ppm, 790 ppm, 800
  • vitamin E content in a composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 600 ppm to about 800 ppm by weight of vitamin E, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • the vitamin E content within the composition can be of about 700 ppm by weight, based on a dry matter basis.
  • Vitamin E refers to a compound of the following structure: or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or racemic, enantiomeric, diastereoisomeric or tautomeric forms.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include calcium from one or more distinct source(s) of calcium.
  • the term “calcium” refers to its general meaning in the field and refers to a chemical element, with the symbol “Ca” and atomic number 20, present in nature and in the human body, where it is essential for bone strength and the functioning of muscle and nerve cells.
  • a source of calcium can include milk, sardines, salmon, soy, kale and cereals.
  • calcium can be provided in an isolated nutrient form.
  • calcium in an isolated nutrient from can be produced either by extraction from a concentrated/dehydrated whole food, or by synthesis, or by biotechnologically.
  • the calcium content in a composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium includes about 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8% and 1.9% by weight of calcium, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include phosphorus from one or more distinct source(s) of phosphorus.
  • phosphorus refers to its general meaning in the field and refers to a chemical element, with the symbol “P” and atomic number 15. Phosphorus exists in two forms, white phosphorus and red phosphorus.
  • the source of phosphorus is not limiting.
  • phosphorus sources include milk, meat, and soya.
  • phosphorus can be produced either by extraction from a concentrated whole food, or by synthesis, or by biotechnologically.
  • the phosphorus content in the composition according to the present disclosure can range from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus includes about 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3% and 1.4% by weight of phosphorus, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • Fibers, from one or more distinct source(s) of fibers, are optionally present in a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food compositions as disclosed herein.
  • Fibers is used herein similarly to “dietary fibers” and shall be interpreted for the purpose of the present disclosure as Total Fibers, meaning that it includes soluble fibers and insoluble fibers.
  • fibers can include soluble and insoluble fibers.
  • Soluble fiber refers to a fiber that is resistant to digestion and absorption in the small intestine and undergo complete or partial fermentation in the large intestine. Soluble fibers are considered as having a prebiotic effect by providing short chain fatty acids as a source of energy to colonocytes.
  • insoluble fibers are considered as useful for transit and ballast effect.
  • weight ratio of soluble fibers to insoluble fibers can ranges from about 1 :2 to about 1 : 1.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include an amount ranging from about 2% by weight to about 20% by weight of fibers, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • from about 2% by weight to about 20% by weight of total dietary fibers includes about 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% and 20% by weight of fibers, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include an amount of about 5%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8% or 5.9% by weight of fibers, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a source of soluble fiber can be selected from beet pulp, guar gum, chicory pulp, chicory root, psyllium, pectin, blueberry, cranberry, squash, apples, oats, beans, citrus, barley, peas, and/or a combination thereof.
  • a source of insoluble fiber can be selected from cellulose, whole wheat products, wheat oat, corn bran, flax seed, grapes, celery, green beans, cauliflower, potato skins, fruit skins, vegetable skins, peanut hulls, soy fiber, and/or a combination thereof.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include lutein from one or more distinct source(s) of lutein.
  • Lutein refers to a xanthophyll and one of known naturally occurring carotenoids. Lutein is a lipophilic molecule and is generally insoluble in water. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and like other xanthophylls is found in high quantities in green leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale and yellow carrots. Lutein is isomeric with zeaxanthin, differing only in the placement of one double bond. The principal natural stereoisomer of lutein is (3R,3'R,6'R)-beta, epsilon-carotene-3,3 '-diol. Lutein is present in plants as fattyacid esters, with one or two fatty acids bound to the two hydroxyl-groups.
  • Lutein refers to a compound of the following structure: or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or racemic, enantiomeric, diastereoisomeric or tautomeric forms.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 3% to about 7% by weight of lutein, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 4% to about 6% by weight of lutein, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 4.8% to about 5.2% by weight of lutein, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • lutein As used herein, from about 3% to about 7% by weight of lutein includes about 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4%, 4.2%, 4.5%, 4.8%, 5%, 5.2%, 5.5%, 5.8%, 6%, 6.2%, 6.5%, and 6.8% by weight of lutein, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • the source of lutein is not limiting.
  • lutein sources include kale, parsley, spinach, broccoli, peas, orange, honeydew melon, kiwis, red peppers, squash and grapes.
  • lutein can be produced either by extraction from a concentrated whole food source, or by chemical synthesis, or by biological synthesis (e.g. by enzyme synthesis or by culturing lutein-producing cells, which includes by culturing lutein-producing genetically-engineered lutein-producing cells).
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can further include taurine.
  • Taurine is a non-essential amino acid which is obtained from meat and fish. It stimulates the production of glycosphingolipids in the skin by acting as a precursor molecule. Glycosphingolipids exhibit anti-microbial properties.
  • taurine refers to a compound of the following structure: or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or racemic, enantiomeric, diastereoisomeric or tautomeric forms.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include between about 0.1% to about 2% of taurine, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 0.3% to about 1% by weight of taurine, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further comprise from about 0.4% to about 0.6% by weight of taurine, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • lutein As used herein, from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of lutein includes about 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8 and 1.9% by weight of lutein, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • the source of taurine is not limiting.
  • taurine sources include meats, milk and seaweed.
  • taurine can be produced either by extraction firoma concentrated whole food source, or by chemical synthesis, or biological synthesis (e.g. enzyme synthesis or by culturing taurine-producing cells, which includes by culturing luteinproducing genetically-engineered taurine-producing cells).
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can further include beta-carotene.
  • Beta-carotene is one of the three carotenes (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene and lycopene).
  • Beta-carotene molecule is a chain constituted of eight isoprene units with alternating single and double bonds, and has the formula: Beta-carotene is found in certain fruits and vegetables such as pepper, carrot, spinach, lettuce, tomato, sweet potato, broccoli, cantaloupe, marrow, apricot. Beta-carotene can be produced either by extraction, or by synthesis, or biotechnologically. Natural beta-carotene comes mainly from alfalfa and red palm oil, and also carrot oil
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include from about 1.5 ppm to about 10 ppm by weight of beta-carotene, particularly from about 2 ppm to about 7 ppm by weight of beta-carotene, and more particularly from about 4 ppm to about 5 ppm by weight of beta-carotene, based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
  • about 1.5 ppm to about 10 ppm by weight of beta-carotene includes about 2 ppm, 2.5 ppm, 3 ppm, 3.5 ppm, 4 ppm, 4.5 ppm, 5 ppm, 5.5 ppm, 6 ppm, 6.5 ppm, 7 ppm, 7.5 ppm, 8 ppm, 8.5 ppm, 9 ppm and 9.5 ppm by weight of vitamin E, based on the total weight of dry matter of the food composition.
  • every embodiment of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition encompassed by the present disclosure includes a variety of ingredients, each comprised in the said dry food composition at a given weight percentage, as compared to the total weight of dry matter of the dry food composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein includes protein, fat, vitamin C, vitamin E, calcium, phosphorus, and optionally one or more further ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, NFE, ash, starch, preservatives etc., the sum of the weight of each of the ingredients comprised therein amounting to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of dry matter of the said dry food composition.
  • 20% of the weight can be composed of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, 15% of the weight can be composed of fibers, 400 ppm of the weight can be composed of vitamin C, 700 ppm of the weight can be composed of vitamin E, 0.5% of the weight can be composed of calcium, 0.5% of the weight can be composed of phosphorus and 0.5% of the weight can be composed of threonine, and the remaining ingredients can be composed of other ingredients, e.g., about 63% in the example.
  • a food can further include further nutrients such as carbohydrates, NFE, ash, preservatives, stabilizers, added salt, spices, seasonings, excipients, vitamins, minerals, flavorants, colorants, and the like.
  • the amount of nutrient of the food composition as described herein, in particular proteins, fat, vitamin C, vitamin E, phosphorus and threonine is of about 37% by weight, based on a dry matter basis
  • the amount of the other nutrients is of about 63% by weight to reach 100% of the total dry matter of the food composition.
  • the amount of such optional components is at least partially dependent on the nutritional requirements for different life stages of the companion animal.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can further include at least one natural flavor.
  • the flavour can be provided from a source of protein.
  • Table 1 below provides an example of characterization of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition according to the disclosure, on the basis of dry matter, also referred to as % dry matter.
  • Proteins can be hydrolyzed soy protein.
  • Fat can be poultry and/or pork fat.
  • the moisture content represents the content of liquid, in particular of aqueous content, more particularly the water content of the composition.
  • the moisture content of the composition according to the present disclosure ranges from about 4% to about 12% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • from about 4% to about 12% by weight of moisture includes about 4.5%, 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, 7.0%, 7.5%, 8.0%, 8.5%, 9.0%, 9.5%, 10.0%, 10.5%, 11.0% and 11.5% by weight of moisture, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can be in the form of a kibble, a snack, a treat or a biscuit.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can be a kibble.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size that does not exceed about 15 mm x 15 mm x 7 mm.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size that does not exceed about 14 mm x 14 mm x 6 mm.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size that does not exceed about 13 mm x 13 mm x 5 mm.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size that does not exceed about 12 mm x 12 mm x 4 mm.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size that does not exceed about 11 mm x 11 mm x 4 mm.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size that does not exceed about 10.5 mm x 10.5 mm x 4 mm.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size of about 10.5 mm or less x 10.5 mm or less x 4 mm or less.
  • a dry food composition as disclosed in particular a kibble, can have a size of about 10.5 mm x 10.5 mm x 4 mm.
  • a kibble intended to be fed to an adult companion animal in particular which can have more than 15 months depending on the breed, can have a size of at least 15.2 mm x 15 mm x 7.5 mm.
  • the food composition according to the present disclosure can also be characterized by its Metabolizable Energy (ME) parameter. All mentioned Metabolizable Energy are measured according to the NRC 2006.
  • ME Metabolizable Energy
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can have a Metabolizable Energy (ME) of at least about 3,000 kcal/kg, as measured according to the NRC 2006.
  • ME Metabolizable Energy
  • the Metabolizable Energy (ME) does not exceed about 5,000 kcal/kg.
  • the Metabolizable Energy (ME) can be of from about 3,000 kcal/kg to about 5,000 kcal/kg.
  • the Metabolizable Energy (ME) can be of about 3,000 kcal/kg, 3,100 kcal/kg, 3,200 kcal/kg, 3,300 kcal/kg, 3,400 kcal/kg, 3,500 kcal/kg, 3,600 kcal/kg, 3,700 kcal/kg, 3,800 kcal/kg, 3,900 kcal/kg, 4,000 kcal/kg, 4,100 kcal/kg, 4,200 kcal/kg, 4,300 kcal/kg, 4,400 kcal/kg, 4,500 kcal/kg, 4,600 kcal/kg, 4,700 kcal/kg, 4,800 kcal/kg, 4,900 kcal/kg or 5,000 kcal/kg.
  • the dry food composition can have a ME of about 3,800 kcal/kg, 3,900 kcal/kg, 4,000 kcal/kg or 4,100 kcal/kg.
  • the dry food composition can have a ME of about 4,000 kcal/kg, in particular 4,024 kcal/kg.
  • a method for manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein is provided.
  • one or more dry ingredients can be mixed with one or more wet ingredients to form an emulsion or dough.
  • one or more dry ingredients can be mixed with one or more dry ingredients to form an emulsion or dough.
  • the emulsion or dough can be heated under pressure to a predetermined temperature and gradually cooled.
  • an emulsion can be formed which can be comminuted and heated to a predetermined temperature, and subsequently introduced into a processing zone. In the processing zone, the emulsion can be subjected to a predetermined pressure and discharged.
  • one or more dry ingredients can be mixed with one or more wet ingredients, for example, water, to form a dough.
  • the dough can be cooked during extrusion under conditions of elevated temperature, pressure, or combination thereof.
  • the extruder can be provided with a die having a particular shape and the extrudate can be segmented into particles or pieces as the product is extruded.
  • the disclosure can also relate to a method of manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein, including the step of: a) mixing the ingredients of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition, thereby obtaining a mixture, and b) heating the mixture, obtaining the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition.
  • the ingredients of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein collectively provide at least the following nutrients (i) vegetal proteins, (ii) fat, (iii) vitamin C, (iv) vitamin E, (v) calcium, (vi) phosphorus, and (vii) threonine, thereby obtaining a mixture.
  • the method for manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein can include at least a step of: a) mixing at least (i) vegetal proteins, (ii) fat, (iii) vitamin C, (iv) vitamin E, (v) calcium, (vi) phosphorus, and (vii) threonine, thereby obtaining a mixture, and b) heating the mixture and obtaining the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition.
  • the method for manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can include at least a step of mixing ingredients including (i) from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins comprising at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, (ii) from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, (iii) from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm by weight of vitamin C, (iv) from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm by weight of vitamin E, (v) from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium, (vi) from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus, and (vii) from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine, the weight percentage and weight ppm being expressed on a dry matter basis.
  • a vegetal protein can be provided from a single source of vegetal proteins or a mix of at least two sources of vegetal proteins.
  • the method for manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can include at least a step of: a) mixing ingredients including (i) from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, (ii) from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, (iii) from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm of vitamin C, (iv) from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm of vitamin E, (v) from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium, (vi) from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus, and (vii) from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine, thereby obtaining a mixture, the weight percentage and weight ppm being expressed on a dry matter basis; and b) heating the mixture, obtaining the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition.
  • the method for manufacturing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can include at least the steps of: a) mixing ingredients to obtain a mixture including (i) from about 20% to about 25% by weight of vegetal proteins, said vegetal proteins having at least about 95% by weight of hydrolyzed vegetal proteins, (ii) from about 15% to about 25% by weight of fat, (iii) from about 200 ppm to about 500 ppm of vitamin C, (iv) from about 400 ppm to about 900 ppm of vitamin E, (v) from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of calcium, (vi) from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of phosphorus, (vii) from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of threonine, and (viii) an amount of one or more further components so as reaching 100% by weight of the mixture, the weight percentage and weight ppm being expressed on a dry matter basis; and b) heating the mixture, obtaining the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food compositions are suitable for use with the present disclosure.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition provides all the recommended nutrients, vitamins, and minerals for a companion animal, preferably a puppy, to obtain a complete and balanced food.
  • the food composition according to the present disclosure can comply with the recommendations provided by the National Research Council, in 2006 (Nutritional Requirements for dogs, National Academy Press, Washington DC) or by the Association of America Feed Control Officials (Official Publication 1996), preferably to comply with the AAFCO Growth recommendations.
  • the disclosure relates to the use of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein for promoting and/or supporting the growth of a companion animal, preferably a puppy.
  • the disclosure relates to a method for promoting and/or supporting the growth of a companion animal, preferably a puppy, including at least a step of providing a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein to the said companion animal.
  • the method can further include a step of feeding the said companion animal with the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition.
  • the companion animal preferably the puppy, is affected with adverse food reaction.
  • the disclosure relates to the use of a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein for promoting and/or supporting the growth of a puppy affected with adverse food reaction.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition of the present disclosure can be used to provide to a companion animal an optimal development and growth.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition on puppy affected with adverse food reaction.
  • a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as disclosed herein can be provided to a companion animal, particularly a puppy, during the time period of growth.
  • the time period of growth is from about 2 months to about 15 months old.
  • the time period of growth is from about 2 months to about 8-9 months old.
  • the said hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be provided to the companion animal on a daily basis 1 the dog reaches adulthood according to the breed or predicted adult weight.
  • the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be administered, in particular by oral route, to a companion animal depending to a per body weight basis. Administration can be configured based on the size of the companion animal, as well as other factors such as sex, lifestage, age, medical condition, breed, environment, and level of activity, and the like.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be delivered to the companion animal on a daily basis at a dosage of about 1 g/kg to about 200 g/kg of body weight.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be delivered to the companion animal on a daily basis at a dosage of about 1 g/kg to about 100 g/kg of body weight.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be delivered to the companion animal on a daily basis at a dosage of about 1 g/kg to about 50 g/kg of body weight.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be delivered to the companion animal on a daily basis at a dosage of about 1 g/kg to about 20 g/kg of body weight.
  • the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition can be delivered to the companion animal on a daily basis at a dosage of about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 g/kg of body weight.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method for reducing the likelihood of occurrence of an adverse food reaction in a companion animal, such as a puppy, said method including at least a step of providing to the puppy a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein. It is believed that companion animals, in particular puppies, can have a genetic predisposition to allergic reactions to certain food compositions leading to a likelihood of occurrence of adverse food reaction.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein for use in a method for reducing the likelihood of occurrence of an adverse food reaction in a companion animal, such as a puppy.
  • an adverse food reaction can consist of a damage of the cutaneous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and/or cardiovascular systems.
  • a damage of the cutaneous system can include urticaria, angioedema, alopecia, seborrhoea, pyoderma, and/or pruritus.
  • a damage of the respiratory system can include of wheezing, coughing, laryngeal edema, rhinorrhea, and/or watery/itching eyes.
  • a damage of the gastrointestinal system can include vomiting, abdominal pain, and/or diarrhea.
  • a damage of the cardiovascular system can include angina, heart attacks and/or heart failure.
  • the present examples 1, 2 and 3 provide a hypoallergenic dry food composition according to the present disclosure along with assessments of its palatability and digestive tolerance when administered to puppies.
  • Example 4 presents results on food acceptance, growth evolution and digestive tolerance of a hypoallergenic dry food composition according to the present disclosure.
  • EXAMPLE 1 MATERIAL &METHODS
  • the palatability of the hypoallergenic dry food composition was determined using a “Two Bowl Test”. This test allows to determine the palatability of a food regarding the food preference of the animal between two different food products.
  • the digestive tolerance of the hypoallergenic dry food composition was determined with the observation of the quality of stool (faecal scoring system).
  • the study length requires 10 days and pets are fed with the same diet during the 10 days (5 days of acclimatation of the diet and 5 days of fecal collection). No less than 6 animals must complete the study. All animals included in the study are stool graded daily during the fecal collection phase thanks to the fecal score scale hereinafter.
  • Protein indigestibility measured on Table 5, is the fraction of the protein in a foodstuff that is not assimilated by the animal’s digestive system as a % of the total quantity of protein ingested.
  • the protein indigestibility is estimated in our laboratory using the ileal digestibility measuring method or “BOISEN method”. This method is proved to be the best in vitro method to predict the ileal digestibility in monogastric species and is recognized as the reference for in vitro evaluation of digestibility (Boisen S., and Fernandez JA. 1995. “Prediction of the Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Protein and Amino Acids in Feedstuffs and Feed Mixtures for Pigs by in Vitro Analyses.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 51 (1- 2): 29-43.).
  • Food product A represents the tested hypoallergenic dry food composition for puppies and the Food product B represents the control food composition, Purina PPVD Canine HA dry Hypoallergenic.
  • Purina PPVD Canine HA is a hypoallergenic food for puppies and adult dogs.
  • composition Hydrolyzed soy protein 23.3% (Threonine 1%), Fat 19%, Fiber: 5.6%, Vitamin C 400 ppm, Vitamin E 700 ppm, Calcium 1.3%, Phosphorus 1%. ME: 4,024 kcal/kg.
  • the composition can also include brewers rice and/or rice flour (source of carbohydrates), fish oil, vegetable oil (soybean oil, safflower oil, borage oil, etc.) poultry fat, beat pulp and palatants.
  • Product B Composition Hydrolyzed soy protein 21.0%, fat 10.5%, crude ash 6%, crude fibre 2.0%, carbohydrates 51.5%, Omega 3 fatty acids 0.5%, Omega 6 fatty acids 2%, EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) 0.1%, medium chain fatty acids 1.3%.
  • ME 3,700 kcal/kg.
  • a diet having a digestibility of dry matter of 83% or more and a digestibility of proteins of 86% or more is considered to be a highly digestible food composition.
  • a diet having a digestibility of dry matter of 81% or more and a digestibility of proteins of 83% or more is considered to be a standard food composition.
  • the puppies maintained good body weight (no loss >5% in 10 days collection) which confirms the dogs ate the food composition consistently and achieved their energy requirements.
  • EXAMPLE 4 RESULTS FOR ACCEPTANCE, GROWTH EVOLUTION, AND DIGESTIVE TOLERANCE
  • the present example present results on food acceptance, growth evolution and digestive tolerance of a hypoallergenic dry food composition according to the present disclosure.
  • the food composition A same as in Example 1, has the following composition: Hydrolyzed soy protein 23.3% (Threonine 1%), Fat 19%, Fiber: 5.6%, Vitamin C 400 ppm, Vitamin E 700 ppm, Calcium 1.3%, Phosphorus 1%. ME: 4,024 kcal/kg.
  • the composition can also include brewers rice and/or rice flour (source of carbohydrates), fish oil, vegetable oil (soybean oil, safflower oil, borage oil, etc.) poultry fat, beat pulp and palatants.
  • hypoallergenic dry food composition of the present invention has kibble features adapted to growing puppies and is palatable.
  • BW Body Weight
  • BCS Body Condition Score
  • the present disclosure successfully provides a well -tolerated, highly digestible and palatable new hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition, including ingredients which provide hydrolyzed vegetal protein and an optimal nutritional level of proteins, vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, threonine and/or fat.
  • this hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition is preferably formulated for a young companion animal, preferably a young dog (puppy), especially those susceptible or predisposed to adverse food reaction or those suffering from adverse food reaction.
  • hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition as described herein does not provoke allergic reaction in companion animals.
  • the hypoallergenic nutritionally complete dry food composition of the present disclosure is formulated to avoid or at least minimized the risk of a food aversion.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition alimentaire sèche hypoallergénique et complète d'un point de vue nutritionnel pour animaux de compagnie, en particulier pour des chiots. L'invention concerne la composition alimentaire sèche hypoallergénique et complète d'un point de vue nutritionnel pour un chiot, ladite composition comprenant : d'environ 20 % à environ 25 % en poids de protéines végétales, lesdites protéines végétales comprenant au moins environ 95 % en poids de protéines végétales hydrolysées, d'environ 15 % à environ 25 % en poids de matières grasses, d'environ 200 ppm à environ 500 ppm en poids de vitamine C, d'environ 400 ppm à environ 900 ppm en poids de vitamine E, d'environ 0,5 % à environ 2 % en poids de calcium (Ca), d'environ 0,5 % à environ 1,5 % en poids de phosphore (P), et d'environ 0,5 % à environ 1,5 % en poids de thréonine (Thr), les pourcentages en poids et les ppm étant exprimés sur une base de matière sèche.
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