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WO2024070864A1 - Dispositif de traitement d'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024070864A1
WO2024070864A1 PCT/JP2023/034167 JP2023034167W WO2024070864A1 WO 2024070864 A1 WO2024070864 A1 WO 2024070864A1 JP 2023034167 W JP2023034167 W JP 2023034167W WO 2024070864 A1 WO2024070864 A1 WO 2024070864A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
drug
filtration
section
raw water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2023/034167
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
崇 榊原
吉宏 稲本
毘 海野
陽平 神田
テイ リ チュオン
美咲 都築
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2024549269A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024070864A1/ja
Publication of WO2024070864A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024070864A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a water treatment device that purifies water through filtration and the addition of chemicals.
  • Water treatment equipment using granular filter media is widely used in water purification plants and factories. Such water treatment equipment is mainly used to remove impurities, including turbid components, from raw water. Like general filters, granular filter media gradually becomes clogged as it captures impurities, causing various problems such as increased pressure loss and the formation of water channels that allow impurities to flow to subsequent stages of the water treatment equipment.
  • the common regeneration methods used are backwashing, in which raw water is passed in the opposite direction to the filtration process to discharge impurities captured during the filtration process out of the system, and rinsing, in which foreign matter remaining in the filter section and piping is discharged immediately after the backwashing process is completed.
  • a first branch 1111 between the chemical supply unit 1103 and the filtration unit 1102 connects the chemical supply unit 1103 and the filtration unit 1102
  • a second branch 1112 between the water source and the chemical supply unit 1103 connects the water source and the chemical supply unit 1103
  • a third branch 1113 in the path of the purified water discharge piping 1104 connects the filtration unit 1102 and the end side of the purified water discharge piping 1104.
  • the first branch 1111 connects the backwash drain pipe 1105 to the filtration section 1102
  • the second branch 1112 connects the water source to the backwash water supply pipe 1106, and the third branch 1113 connects the backwash water supply pipe 1106 to the filtration section 1102.
  • valves and branching sections In conventional water treatment equipment like this, multiple valves and branching sections must be installed to switch between operating modes, which results in long piping paths and a large device.
  • This disclosure aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a compact water treatment device.
  • the water treatment device is a water treatment device that filters raw water from a water source and extracts it as purified water, and includes a raw water inlet pipe that supplies the raw water from the water source to the water treatment device, a chemical supply unit that supplies chemicals to the raw water supplied from the raw water inlet pipe, a filtration unit having a filter medium, a distribution head having a flow path that connects the raw water inlet pipe, the filtration unit, and the chemical supply unit, a purified water discharge pipe that extracts treated water after being filtered by the filtration unit from the distribution head, a wastewater drain pipe that extracts backwash water that has cleaned the filtration unit from the chemical supply unit, a first valve that connects the raw water inlet pipe and the chemical supply unit, a second valve that connects the raw water inlet pipe and the distribution head, and a third valve that connects the chemical supply unit and the wastewater drain pipe.
  • a fourth valve connecting the distribution head and the purified water discharge pipe During the filtration process, the first valve communicates the raw water inlet pipe with the chemical supply unit, the second valve blocks the raw water inlet pipe with the distribution head, the third valve blocks the chemical supply unit with the wastewater drain pipe, and the fourth valve communicates the distribution head with the purified water discharge pipe, During backwash processing, the first valve blocks the raw water inlet piping from the chemical supply unit, the second valve connects the raw water inlet piping to the distribution head, the third valve connects the chemical supply unit to the wastewater drain piping, and the fourth valve blocks the distribution head from the purified water discharge piping.
  • This disclosure makes it possible to provide a compact water treatment device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a water treatment device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the chemical supply unit, the distribution head, the filtration unit, and the first to fifth valves of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow path during backwashing treatment in the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the flow paths during the rinsing process of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration unit of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the water treatment device with the filtration section 2 omitted.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an overall configuration of a water treatment device according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the flow paths of the water treatment device in the backwash mode.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration unit of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of the chemical supply unit, the dispensing head, and each valve of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit, the distribution head, and each valve of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an overall configuration of a water treatment device according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an overall configuration of a water treatment device according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the chemical supply unit, the distribution head, the filtration unit, and the first to fifth valves of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the flow path during backwashing treatment in the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the flow paths during the rinsing process of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration unit of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 18 is a plan view of the chemical supply unit, the distribution head, the filtration unit, the first valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit, the dispensing head, and the first to fifth valves of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit, the distribution head, the filtration unit, the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve of the water treatment device.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of
  • the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment uses well water or water stored in a water tank as raw water, and performs a filtration process to remove metal ions and turbid components contained in the raw water, and a backwash process to discharge from the system the metal ion aggregates and turbid components that have accumulated in the system by the filtration process.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment and the flow of water during the filtration mode (filtration process).
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the chemical supply unit 3, the distribution head 5, the filtration unit 2, the first valve 11, the second valve 12, the third valve 13, the fourth valve 14, and the fifth valve 15 of the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment.
  • the water treatment device 1 has a filtration section 2, a chemical supply section 3, a distribution head 5, a first valve 11, a second valve 12, a third valve 13, a fourth valve 14, and a fifth valve 15.
  • the pipes that send raw water to the water treatment device 1 are called the first raw water inlet pipe 7a and the second raw water inlet pipe 7b, the pipe that takes out treated water that has been filtered and purified in the filtration section 2 is called the purified water discharge pipe 10, the pipe that takes out the backwash water that has washed the filtration section 2 from the chemical supply section 3 during backwash operation is called the wastewater drain pipe 8, and the pipe that discharges foreign matter remaining in the pipes during the backwash process in the rinsing process is called the rinse drain pipe 6.
  • the water treatment device 1 has a filtration section 2 containing a filter medium and a chemical supply section 3 that adds a chemical 60 (see Figure 7) to the raw water, and the filtration section 2 and the chemical supply section 3 are connected via a distribution head 5.
  • the first raw water inlet pipe 7a is connected to the chemical supply unit 3. Water is supplied from the first raw water inlet pipe 7a to the chemical supply unit 3, and the chemical supply unit 3 supplies chemicals 60 to the water supplied from the first raw water inlet pipe.
  • the second raw water inlet pipe 7b is connected to the distribution head 5, and water is supplied from the second raw water inlet pipe 7b to the distribution head 5.
  • the purified water discharge pipe 10 is connected to the distribution head 5 and takes out the treated water filtered by the filtration unit 2 from the distribution head 5.
  • the wastewater drain pipe 8 is connected to the chemical supply unit 3 and takes out the backwash water that has washed the filtration unit 2 from the chemical supply unit 3.
  • the rinse drain pipe 6 is connected to the distribution head 5 and discharges foreign matter remaining in the pipes etc. when the filtration unit 2 is backwashed from the distribution head 5.
  • the first valve 11 is provided in the first raw water inlet pipe 7a and opens and closes the flow path of the first raw water inlet pipe 7a.
  • the second valve 12 is provided in the second raw water inlet pipe 7b and opens and closes the flow path of the second raw water inlet pipe 7b.
  • the third valve 13 is provided in the wastewater drain pipe 8 and opens and closes the flow path of the wastewater drain pipe 8.
  • the fourth valve 14 is provided in the purified water discharge pipe 10 and opens and closes the flow path of the purified water discharge pipe 10.
  • the fifth valve 15 is provided in the rinse drain pipe 6 and opens and closes the flow path of the rinse drain pipe 6. By opening and closing each valve, the flow paths of each component can be switched between communication and blockage.
  • the filtration section 2 removes metal ions and turbid components from the raw water to purify it. Dirt that has accumulated in the filtration section 2 is discharged outside the device through backwashing and rinsing processes, keeping the filtration section 2 clean and allowing it to be used repeatedly.
  • the backwashing process is a process in which raw water is made to flow through the filtration section 2 in a direction opposite to that used during the filtration process, and the dirt is discharged.
  • the rinsing process is a process in which, after the backwashing process, raw water is made to flow through the filtration section 2 in the same direction as during the filtration process, and the separated dirt is discharged outside the device.
  • the chemical supply unit 3 adds chemicals 60 to the raw water to make it easier to collect them in the filtration unit 2 by coagulating metal ions contained in the raw water as substances that are poorly soluble in water, or by coagulating turbid components.
  • the raw water is sent to the water treatment device 1 by the electric pump 4 through the first raw water inlet pipe 7a and the second raw water inlet pipe 7b.
  • a water tank in which the raw water is stored may be installed at an elevated position, and the raw water may be sent to the water treatment device 1 by utilizing the elevation difference between the water tank and the water treatment device 1.
  • tap water jointly operated in a local area may be directly connected to the water treatment device 1.
  • the term water source includes wells, water tanks, waterworks, etc., as well as devices that send out raw water.
  • the electric pump 4 is a pump driven by an electric motor that sucks up and discharges well water or water stored in a water tank.
  • a centrifugal pump such as a centrifugal pump or a turbine pump, a vortex pump (cascade pump), a jet pump, an axial flow pump, or a mixed flow pump may be used.
  • a submersible pump or other underwater pump rather than a suction type pump.
  • the depth of the well is about 1 to 10 meters for a shallow well, and 10 to 30 meters or more for a deep well, so the pump needs to pump water up to this height.
  • a pump with a head of 20 meters or more is best, and a vortex pump or jet pump is more preferable.
  • the flow rate discharged by the electric pump 4 is, for example, about 5 to 100 liters per minute, but for general household use, a pump with flow rate characteristics of about 5 to 50 liters per minute is more preferable.
  • the first raw water inlet pipe 7a, the second raw water inlet pipe 7b, the purified water discharge pipe 10, and the wastewater drain pipe 8 may be made of a material and have a structure that can withstand the water pressure of the electric pump 4.
  • polyvinyl chloride resin or steel pipes, or straight pipes or pipe joints made of composite materials of these can be used for each pipe in terms of durability and ease of processing.
  • the nominal diameter of each pipe is preferably large so that the head loss is low, and for example, a nominal diameter of 13 to 50 mm and a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm are preferable. If it is difficult to select a material that can withstand the maximum pressure of the electric pump 4, a pressure reducing valve, pressure regulating valve, or relief valve can be installed between the electric pump 4 and the water treatment device 1.
  • the distribution head 5 connects the drug supply unit 3 and the filtration unit 2. Specifically, the distribution head 5 is fixed to the top of the filtration unit 2, the drug supply unit 3 is fixed to the top of the distribution head 5, and the drug supply unit 3, distribution head 5, and filtration unit 2 are formed integrally.
  • the drug supply unit 3 is supported by the distribution head 5 and the filtration unit 2.
  • the drug supply unit 3 can be supported above the filtration unit 2 by the distribution head 5 and the filtration unit 2, so there is no need to use a separate part to support the drug supply unit 3 above the filtration unit 2.
  • the load on the electric pump 4 can be reduced.
  • each of the drug supply unit 3, distribution head 5, and filtration unit 2 is circular, and the central axes extending in the vertical direction of each of the drug supply unit 3, distribution head 5, and filtration unit 2 are located on the same line.
  • the horizontal dimension of the filtration unit 2 is greater than the horizontal dimensions of each of the drug supply unit 3 and distribution head 5.
  • the weight of the filtration unit 2 is greater than the combined weight of the drug supply unit 3 and distribution head 5.
  • the distribution head 5 has a first communication passage 51 and a second communication passage 52 within the distribution head 5.
  • the first communication passage 51 is a passage that connects the chemical outlet 38 of the chemical supply unit 3 (described later) to the inlet 24 of the filtration unit 2 (described later).
  • the second communication passage 52 is a passage that connects the outlet 25 of the filtration unit 2 (described later) to the second raw water inlet pipe 7b, the purified water outlet pipe 10, and the rinse drain pipe 6.
  • the flow direction of the water flowing through the first communication passage 51 and the second communication passage 52 can be changed by opening and closing each valve (described later).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during a filtering process in a water treatment device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the first valve 11 is open, the second valve 12 is closed, the third valve 13 is closed, the fourth valve 14 is open, and the fifth valve 15 is closed, allowing raw water to pass through as follows:
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during backwash processing in the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment.
  • Second raw water inlet pipe 7b (second valve 12) ⁇ second communication passage 52 (inside distribution head 5) ⁇ filtration section 2 (outlet 25 ⁇ inlet 24) ⁇ first communication passage 51 (inside distribution head 5) ⁇ first chemical branch section 40 (inside chemical supply section 3) ⁇ wastewater drain pipe 8 (third valve 13)
  • second valve 12 Second raw water inlet pipe 7b
  • second communication passage 52 inside distribution head 5
  • filtration section 2 outlet 25 ⁇ inlet 24
  • first communication passage 51 (inside distribution head 5)
  • first chemical branch section 40 inside chemical supply section 3)
  • wastewater drain pipe 8 third valve 13
  • the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment can perform a "rinsing process" for discharging foreign matter remaining in the pipes etc. during the backwashing process.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during a rinse process in the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment.
  • the first valve 11 is open, the second valve 12 is closed, the third valve 13 is closed, the fourth valve 14 is closed, and the fifth valve 15 is open, allowing raw water to pass through as follows:
  • First raw water inlet pipe 7a (first valve 11) ⁇ first chemical branch section 40 (inside chemical supply section 3) ⁇ first communication passage 51 (inside distribution head 5) ⁇ filtration section 2 (inlet 24 ⁇ outlet 25) ⁇ second communication passage 52 (inside distribution head 5) ⁇ rinse drain pipe 6 (fifth valve 15)
  • first valve 11 first chemical branch section 40
  • first communication passage 51 inside distribution head 5
  • filtration section 2 inlet 24 ⁇ outlet 25
  • second communication passage 52 (inside distribution head 5)
  • rinse drain pipe 6 (fifth valve 15)
  • the flow rate during backwashing is set to be larger than the flow rate during filtration and rinsing.
  • the flow rate is set according to the capacity of the filtration section 2, and during rinsing, the same flow rate as during filtration is set.
  • a first throttling section 80 is provided in a portion of the piping through which the filter passes, specifically between the second communication passage 52 (inside the distribution head 5) and the fourth valve 14, to reduce the flow rate during the filtration process (see FIG. 1).
  • a second throttling section 81 is provided in a portion of the piping through which the filter passes, specifically between the second communication passage 52 (inside the distribution head 5) and the fifth valve 15, to reduce the flow rate during the rinsing process (see FIG. 4). That is, the combination of the first throttling section 80, the second throttling section 81, and the electric pump 4 adjusts the flow rates during the filtration process and the rinsing process to the desired design values.
  • the piping that passes through during the backwash process does not have any parts with a reduced diameter such as the first and second constriction sections 80 and 81, so a larger flow rate can be ensured than during the filtration process, and the backwash process can be carried out efficiently (see Figure 3).
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration section 2 of the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment.
  • the filtration section 2 has a filter medium and a water collection pipe 21 inside a bottomed cylindrical tank 20 with an opening on the top surface, and has the function of passing raw water through it to purify it.
  • the filter medium inside the filtration section 2 is mainly composed of an upper layer 22 for filtering out impurities, and a lower layer 23 that has a straightening effect.
  • the filter media used in the upper layer 22 is activated carbon, manganese sand, anthracite, etc., and 1 to 4 types are used in layers depending on the raw water quality.
  • the filtering action works mainly in the upper layer 22.
  • the filter material used in the lower layer 23 is composed of gravel or resin with coarse holes to disperse the water flowing in and out of the water collection pipe 21.
  • the lower layer 23 has a relatively large gravel layer at the bottom to improve the water flow and prevent the filter material from flowing out from the bottom of the water collection pipe 21.
  • the amount of filter material in the lower layer 23 should be about 1/2 to 1 times the diameter of the filtration section 2.
  • the amount of filter material packed in the upper layer 22 and lower layer 23 combined should be about 1/4 to 4/5 times the internal volume of the filtration section 2.
  • the filtration section 2 has an inlet 24 and an outlet 25 at the opening on the top surface, and the outlet 25 is connected to the water collection pipe 21. As described above, the inlet 24 and the outlet 25 are connected to the first communication passage 51 and the second communication passage 52 of the distribution head 5, respectively.
  • Outlet 25 water collection pipe 21 ⁇ lower layer 23 ⁇ upper layer 22 ⁇ inlet 24 [4.3 Flow path in the filtration section during rinsing process] During the rinsing process, water flows as follows, and dirt is discharged from the outlet 25.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the water treatment device 1 with the filtration section 2 omitted.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first raw water inlet pipe 7a, the chemical supply section 3, and the distribution head 5 of the water treatment device 1 along the line A-A in FIG. 6.
  • the chemical supply unit 3 is provided to promote the aggregation of metal ions contained in the raw water by the chemical 60 contained therein, making it easier to capture them in the filtration unit 2.
  • the drug supply unit 3 has a drug placement section 31, a drug path 32, a recovery section 33, a first drug flow path 34, and a second drug flow path 35 inside a bottomed cylindrical housing 30.
  • the housing 30 is composed of a bowl-shaped base 30a provided at the bottom, a generally cylindrical (including cylindrical) upper cover 30b that covers the base 30a, and a lid 36 that closes the upper opening of the upper cover 30b.
  • the lid 36 is provided detachably on the upper opening of the upper cover 30b.
  • the drug placement section 31 is installed at the top inside the housing 30.
  • the drug path 32 rises vertically from the bottom surface of the housing 30 and is connected to the drug placement section 31.
  • the recovery section 33 is located at the bottom inside the housing 30, on the outer periphery of the drug path 32.
  • the first raw water inlet pipe 7a and the wastewater drain pipe 8 are connected to the base 30a of the chemical supply unit 3.
  • a first chemical flow path 34 is provided, which is a flow path that connects the first raw water inlet pipe 7a (first valve 11) and the wastewater drain pipe 8 (third valve 13).
  • the base 30a of the drug supply unit 3 is provided with a drug outlet 38 that opens downward.
  • a second drug flow path 35 that is a flow path that connects the drug outlet 38 and the recovery unit 33 is provided inside the housing 30 of the drug supply unit 3.
  • the drug outlet 38 is connected to the first communication path 51 of the distribution head 5.
  • the first chemical flow path 34 has a second chemical branch 41 that communicates with the chemical path 32.
  • the second chemical branch 41 is a flow path that communicates the first raw water inlet pipe 7a (first valve 11), the wastewater drain pipe 8 (third valve 13), and the chemical path 32.
  • the first drug flow path 34 has a first drug branch 40 that communicates with the second drug flow path 35, located closer to the wastewater drain pipe 8 (third valve 13) than the second drug branch 41 in the first drug flow path 34.
  • the first drug branch 40 is a flow path that communicates the second drug branch 41, the recovery section 33, the wastewater drain pipe 8 (third valve 13), and the drug outlet 38.
  • the first drug flow path 34 has a constriction section 37 between the first drug branch section 40 and the second drug branch section 41 in the first drug flow path 34.
  • the constriction section 37 is the flow path with the smallest cross-sectional area in the first drug flow path 34.
  • the constriction section 37 is provided to branch the raw water that flows into the drug supply section 3 at the second drug branch section 41 and adjust the drug solution to the required concentration.
  • the drug path 32 is a small diameter pipe that is erected with a drug placement section 31 at the top.
  • the diameter of the drug path 32 is reduced midway and the drug placement section 31 is provided at the top of the drug path 32, allowing the raw water to come into contact with the drug 60 at the desired flow rate.
  • the drug placement section 31 has a size that ensures the amount (number) of drug 60 to be placed so that a drug solution of the desired concentration is obtained for the flow rate of the raw water.
  • raw water flows into the drug supply unit 3 from the first raw water inlet pipe 7a (first valve 11) and branches into the drug path 32 side and the first drug branch 40 side at the second drug branch 41.
  • the water that flows into the drug path 32 comes into contact with the drug 60 at the drug placement unit 31, and dissolves the drug 60 passes through the outer periphery of the drug path 32 and is collected in the collection unit 33, then passes through the second drug flow path 35 and merges with the water that branched off at the second drug branch 41 at the first drug branch 40.
  • the water that merges at the first drug branch 40 flows out of the drug supply unit 3 into the first communication passage 51 of the distribution head 5.
  • the diameter of the drug path 32 is small and a sufficient distance is maintained between the drug path 32 and the inner wall surface of the housing 30, so that the liquid level of the raw water containing the dissolved drug 60 that flows down into the housing 30 can be made about half the height of the housing 30 or less.
  • the flow rate of the raw water that comes into contact with the chemical 60 in the chemical placement section 31 can be adjusted by the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the constriction section 37.
  • the flow rate ratio of the raw water that branches off at the second chemical branch section 41 can be adjusted. In this way, the chemical concentration at the first chemical branch section 40 after merging can be adjusted to the desired concentration.
  • the chemical concentration in the raw water flowing out of the chemical supply unit 3 can be adjusted to within a desired range.
  • the drug placement section 31 is loaded with water-soluble, solid drug 60. It is preferable to use a tablet or granular drug 60. This is because the surface area of the drug 60 can be increased, allowing a stable drug concentration to be maintained. For tablets, it is preferable to use one with a diameter of about 30 mm and a height of 10 to 20 mm, and for granules, one with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm.
  • the size of the chemicals 60 is small, adjacent chemicals 60 may come into contact with water at the same time, causing the chemicals 60 to stick together. If they stick together, only the lower parts of the chemicals 60 may come into contact with the water, making it impossible to obtain a chemical solution of the desired concentration. Also, if the size of the chemicals 60 is small, the contact area with the water supplied from the chemical path 32 becomes large, making it impossible to obtain a chemical solution of the desired concentration. For this reason, chemicals 60 of the above-mentioned size are used to supply a chemical solution of the desired concentration.
  • the chemical 60 oxidizes metal ions contained in the raw water to produce flocculants that are poorly soluble in water.
  • a flocculant such as PAC (polyaluminum chloride) may be used depending on the required water purification performance.
  • PAC polyaluminum chloride
  • the chemical 60 is easily soluble in water, but during stoppage and backwash processing, i.e., when the addition of the chemical 60 is interrupted, it is preferable that the chemical 60 maintains its solid form and does not flow out of the chemical placement section 31.
  • trichloroisocyanuric acid is used as the chemical 60.
  • each component of the drug supply unit 3 may be in contact with the drug 60 for a long period of time, it is advisable to select a material that has low reactivity with the drug 60, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene).
  • a material that has low reactivity with the drug 60 such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene).
  • the material of the drug path 32 must be strong enough to support the drug placement section 31, so taking into consideration compatibility with the drug 60, it is preferable to select a material for the drug path 32 such as polyvinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), which is stronger than PP.
  • a material for the drug path 32 such as polyvinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), which is stronger than PP.
  • the outer diameter of the drug path 32 should be kept to a quarter or less of the inner diameter of the base 30a and upper cover 30b. As mentioned above, this is because a space (collection section 33) for temporarily storing the solution after drug supply can be provided outside the drug path 32, and the water level inside the housing 30 can be prevented from rising suddenly and reaching the drug placement section 31.
  • a space (collection section 33) for temporarily storing the solution after drug supply can be provided outside the drug path 32, and the water level inside the housing 30 can be prevented from rising suddenly and reaching the drug placement section 31.
  • the inner diameter of the base 30a is 130 mm, it is recommended to use a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipe with an outer diameter of about 25 to 40 mm.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the chemical supply unit 3, distribution head 5, filtration unit 2, first valve 11, second valve 12, third valve 13, fourth valve 14, and fifth valve 15 of the water treatment device 1 of this embodiment.
  • the first raw water inlet pipe 7a extends from the chemical supply unit 3 to one side in the left-right direction (left side in FIG. 1), and the second raw water inlet pipe 7b extends from the distribution head 5 to one side in the left-right direction (left side in FIG. 1).
  • the wastewater drain pipe 8 extends from the chemical supply unit 3 to the other side in the left-right direction (right side in FIG. 1), and the rinse drain pipe 6 extends from the distribution head 5 to the other side in the left-right direction (right side in FIG. 1).
  • This allows the connection pipes from the electric pump 4 to the first raw water inlet pipe 7a and the second raw water inlet pipe 7b to be shortened, making it possible to make the product more compact.
  • the pipes connecting the wastewater drain pipe 8 and the rinse drain pipe 6 can also be shortened.
  • first valve 11 is disposed above the second valve 12, and the third valve 13 is disposed above the fifth valve 15. This allows the four types of valves to be disposed on the same plane, improving usability.
  • a first separation section 90 is provided between the third valve 13 and the drug supply section 3, which allows maintenance of the third valve 13, and in the rinse drain pipe 6, a second separation section 91 is provided between the fifth valve 15 and the second communication passage 52, which allows maintenance of the fifth valve 15.
  • a compact water treatment device is provided by directly connecting the mechanical components to the valves and incorporating a branch section into the mechanical components.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to provide a compact water treatment device.
  • the water treatment device 101 uses well water or water stored in a water tank as raw water, and performs a filtration process to remove metal ions and turbidity components contained in the raw water, and a backwash process to discharge from the system the aggregates of metal ions and turbidity components that have accumulated in the system due to the filtration process.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of water treatment device 101 according to this embodiment, and also showing the flow of water in the filtration mode (filtration process).
  • the water treatment device 101 has a filtration section 102, a chemical supply section 103, a distribution head 105, a first valve 111, a second valve 112, a third valve 113, and a fourth valve 114.
  • the pipe that sends raw water to the water treatment device 101 is called the raw water inlet pipe 107
  • the pipe that sends out the water purified by the filtration section 102 is called the purified water discharge pipe 106
  • the pipe that discharges contaminants during backwash operation is called the wastewater drain pipe 108.
  • the water treatment device 101 has a filtration section 102 containing a filter medium and a chemical supply section 103 that adds a chemical 160 (see FIG. 12) to the raw water, and the filtration section 102 and the chemical supply section 103 are connected via a distribution head 105.
  • the raw water inlet pipe 107 and the chemical supply unit 103 are connected by a first valve 111, the raw water inlet pipe 107 and the distribution head 105 are connected by a second valve 112, the chemical supply unit 103 and the wastewater drain pipe 108 are connected by a third valve 113, and the distribution head 105 and the purified water discharge pipe 106 are connected by a fourth valve 114.
  • a first valve 111 the raw water inlet pipe 107 and the distribution head 105
  • the chemical supply unit 103 and the wastewater drain pipe 108 are connected by a third valve 113
  • the distribution head 105 and the purified water discharge pipe 106 are connected by a fourth valve 114.
  • the raw water inlet pipe 107 has a branch section 109 that connects the electric pump 104 connected to the raw water inlet pipe 107 to the first valve 111 and the second valve 112, and the direction of raw water flow can be selected by opening and closing the first valve 111 and the second valve 112.
  • the filtration section 102 removes metal ions and turbid components from the raw water to purify it. Dirt that has accumulated in the filtration section 102 is discharged outside the device through a backwash process, keeping the filtration section 102 clean and allowing it to be used repeatedly.
  • the backwash process is a process in which raw water is passed through the filtration section 102 in a direction opposite to the filtration process, and dirt is discharged.
  • the chemical supply unit 103 adds chemicals 160 to the raw water to make it easier to collect them in the filtration unit 102 by coagulating metal ions contained in the raw water as substances that are poorly soluble in water, or by coagulating turbid components.
  • Raw water is sent to the water treatment device 101 by an electric pump 104 connected to a raw water inlet pipe 107.
  • a method may be used in which a water tank that stores raw water is placed at an elevated position, and the raw water is sent to the water treatment device 101 by using the elevation difference between the water tank and the water treatment device 101.
  • tap water jointly operated in a local area may be directly connected to the water treatment device 101.
  • the term water source includes wells, water tanks, waterworks, etc., as well as devices that send out raw water.
  • the electric pump 104 is a pump driven by an electric motor that sucks up and discharges well water or water stored in a water tank.
  • a centrifugal pump such as a centrifugal pump or a turbine pump, a vortex pump (cascade pump), a jet pump, an axial flow pump, or a mixed flow pump may be used.
  • an underwater pump such as a submersible pump rather than a suction type pump.
  • the depth of the well is about 1 to 10 meters for a shallow well, and 10 to 30 meters or more for a deep well, so the pump needs to pump water up to this height.
  • a pump with a head of 20 meters or more is best, and a vortex pump or jet pump is more preferable.
  • the flow rate discharged by the electric pump 104 is, for example, about 5 to 100 liters per minute, but for general household use, a pump with flow rate characteristics of about 5 to 50 liters per minute is more preferable.
  • the raw water inlet pipe 107, purified water discharge pipe 106, and wastewater drain pipe 108 may be made of any material and have any structure that can withstand the water pressure of the electric pump 4.
  • polyvinyl chloride resin or steel pipes, or straight pipes or pipe joints made of composite materials of these can be used for each pipe, in terms of durability and ease of processing.
  • the nominal diameter of each pipe is preferably large so that the head loss is low, and for example, a nominal diameter of 13 to 50 mm and a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm are preferable. If it is difficult to select materials that can withstand the maximum pressure of the electric pump 104, it is recommended to install a pressure reducing valve, pressure regulating valve, or relief valve between the electric pump 104 and the water treatment device 101.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water in the filtration mode of the water treatment device 101.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water in the backwash mode of the water treatment device 101 of this embodiment.
  • the distribution head 105 has a communication passage 151 and a distribution head branch passage 150 within the distribution head 105.
  • the communication passage 151 is a passage that connects the drug outlet 138 of the drug supply section 103 (described later) and the inlet 124 of the filtration section 102 (described later).
  • the second valve 112 and the fourth valve 114 are connected to the distribution head 105.
  • the distribution head branch passage 150 is a passage that connects the second valve 112, the fourth valve 114, and the outlet 125 of the filtration section 102 (described later). By opening and closing each valve, it is possible to change the flow direction of the water flowing through the communication passage 151 and the distribution head branch passage 150.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration section 102 of the water treatment device 101.
  • the filtration section 102 has a filter medium and a water collection pipe 121 inside a bottomed cylindrical tank 120 with an opening on the top surface, and has the function of purifying raw water by passing it through.
  • the filter medium inside the filtration section 102 is mainly composed of an upper layer 122 for filtering out impurities, and a lower layer 123 that has a straightening effect.
  • the filter media used in the upper layer 122 is activated carbon, manganese sand, anthracite, etc., and one to four types are used in layers depending on the raw water quality.
  • the filtering action works mainly in the upper layer 122.
  • the filter material used in the lower layer 123 is composed of gravel or resin with coarse holes to disperse the water flowing in and out of the water collection pipe 121.
  • the lower layer 123 has a relatively large gravel layer at the bottom to improve the water flow and prevent the filter material from flowing out from the bottom of the water collection pipe 121.
  • the amount of filter material in the lower layer 123 should be about 1/2 to 1 times the diameter of the filtration section 102.
  • the amount of filter material packed in the upper layer 122 and lower layer 123 combined should be about 1/4 to 4/5 times the internal volume of the filtration section 102.
  • the filtration section 102 has an inlet 124 and an outlet 125 at the opening on the top surface, and the outlet 125 is connected to the water collection pipe 121. As described above, the inlet 124 and the outlet 125 are connected to the communication passage 151 and the distribution head branch passage 150 of the distribution head 105, respectively.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of the chemical supply unit 103, distribution head 105, and each valve of the water treatment device 101, as viewed from above.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit 103, distribution head 105, and each valve of the water treatment device 101, taken along line B-B in FIG. 11.
  • the chemical supply unit 103 is provided to promote the aggregation of metal ions contained in the raw water by the chemical 160 contained therein, making it easier to capture them in the filtration unit 102.
  • the drug supply unit 103 has a drug placement section 131, a drug path 132, a recovery section 133, a first drug flow path 134, and a second drug flow path 135 inside a bottomed cylindrical housing 130.
  • the housing 130 is composed of a bowl-shaped base 130a provided at the bottom, a roughly cylindrical (including cylindrical) upper cover 130b that covers the base 130a, and a lid 136 that closes the upper opening of the upper cover 130b.
  • the lid 136 is provided detachably at the upper opening of the upper cover 130b.
  • the drug placement section 131 is installed at the top inside the housing 130.
  • the drug path 132 rises vertically from the bottom surface of the housing 130 and is connected to the drug placement section 131.
  • the recovery section 133 is located at the bottom inside the housing 130, on the outer periphery of the drug path 132.
  • the first valve 111 and the third valve 113 are connected to the base 130a of the drug supply unit 103. Inside the housing 130 of the drug supply unit 103, a first drug flow path 134 is provided, which is a flow path that connects the first valve 111 and the third valve 113.
  • the base 130a of the drug supply unit 103 is provided with a drug outlet 138 that opens downward.
  • a second drug flow path 135 that is a flow path that connects the drug outlet 138 and the recovery unit 133 is provided inside the housing 130 of the drug supply unit 103.
  • the drug outlet 138 is connected to a communication path 151 of the distribution head 105.
  • the first drug flow path 134 has a second drug branching section 141 that communicates with the drug path 132.
  • the second drug branching section 141 is a flow path that communicates between the first valve 111, the third valve 113, and the drug path 132.
  • the first drug flow path 134 has a first drug branching section 140 that communicates with the second drug flow path 135, located closer to the third valve 113 than the second drug branching section 141 in the first drug flow path 134.
  • the first drug branching section 140 is a flow path that communicates the second drug branching section 141, the recovery section 133, the third valve 113, and the drug outlet 138.
  • the first drug flow path 134 has a constriction section 137 between the first drug branch section 140 and the second drug branch section 141 in the first drug flow path 134.
  • the constriction section 137 is the flow path with the smallest cross-sectional area in the first drug flow path 134.
  • the constriction section 137 is provided to branch the raw water that flows into the drug supply section 103 at the second drug branch section 141 and adjust the drug solution to the required concentration.
  • the recovery section 133 is located at the bottom inside the housing 130 and is provided on the outer periphery of the drug path 132.
  • the drug path 132 is a small diameter pipe line that is erected with a drug placement section 131 at the top.
  • the diameter of the drug path 132 is reduced midway and the drug placement section 131 is provided at the top of the drug path 132, allowing the raw water to come into contact with the drug 160 at the desired flow rate.
  • the drug placement section 131 has a size that ensures the amount (number) of drug 160 to be placed so that a drug solution of the desired concentration can be obtained for the flow rate of the raw water.
  • raw water flows from the first valve 111 into the drug supply unit 103 and branches into the drug path 132 side and the first drug branch 140 side at the second drug branch 141.
  • the water that flows into the drug path 132 comes into contact with the drug 160 at the drug placement unit 131, and dissolves the drug 160 passes around the outer periphery of the drug path 132 and is collected in the collection unit 133. It then passes through the second drug flow path 135 and merges with the water that branched off at the second drug branch 141 at the first drug branch 140.
  • the water that merges at the first drug branch 140 flows out of the drug supply unit 103 into the communication passage 151 of the distribution head 105.
  • the diameter of the drug path 132 is small and a sufficient distance is maintained between the drug path 132 and the inner wall surface of the housing 130, so that the liquid level of the raw water containing the dissolved drug 160 that flows down into the housing 130 can be made about half the height of the housing 130 or less.
  • the flow rate of the raw water that comes into contact with the drug 160 in the drug placement section 131 can be adjusted by the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the constriction section 137.
  • the diameter of the constriction section 137 the flow rate ratio of the raw water that branches off at the second drug branch section 141 can be adjusted. In this way, the drug concentration at the first drug branch section 140 after merging can be adjusted to the desired concentration.
  • the chemical concentration in the raw water flowing out of the chemical supply unit 103 can be adjusted to within a desired range.
  • the drug placement section 131 is loaded with a water-soluble, solid drug 160. It is preferable to use a tablet or granular drug 160. This is because the surface area of the drug 160 can be increased, allowing a stable drug concentration to be maintained. For tablets, it is preferable to use one with a diameter of about 30 mm and a height of 10 to 20 mm, and for granules, one with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm.
  • the drug 160 is small, adjacent drugs 160 may come into contact with water at the same time, causing the drugs 160 to stick together. If the drugs 160 stick together, only the lower parts of the drugs 160 may come into contact with the water, making it impossible to obtain a drug solution of the desired concentration. Also, if the size of the drug 160 is small, the contact area with the water supplied from the drug path 132 becomes large, making it impossible to obtain a drug solution of the desired concentration. For this reason, the drug 160 of the above-mentioned size is used to supply a drug solution of the desired concentration.
  • the chemical 160 oxidizes metal ions contained in the raw water to generate flocculants that are poorly soluble in water.
  • a flocculant such as PAC (polyaluminum chloride) may be used depending on the required water purification performance.
  • PAC polyaluminum chloride
  • the chemical 160 is easily soluble in water, but during stoppage and backwash processing, i.e., when the addition of the chemical 160 is interrupted, it is preferable that the chemical 160 maintains its solid form and does not flow out of the chemical placement section 131.
  • trichloroisocyanuric acid is used as the chemical 160.
  • each component of the drug supply unit 103 may be in contact with the drug 160 for a long period of time, it is advisable to select a material that has low reactivity with the drug 160, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene).
  • a material that has low reactivity with the drug 160 such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene).
  • the material of the drug path 132 must be strong enough to support the drug placement section 131, so taking into consideration compatibility with the drug 160, it is preferable to select a material for the drug path 132 that is stronger than PP, such as polyvinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene).
  • the outer diameter of the drug path 132 should be kept to a quarter or less of the inner diameter of the base 130a and upper cover 130b.
  • a space (collection section 133) for temporarily storing the solution after drug supply can be provided outside the drug path 132, and the water level in the housing 130 can be prevented from rising suddenly and reaching the drug placement section 131.
  • a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipe with an outer diameter of about 25 to 40 mm can be used.
  • a compact water treatment device is provided by directly connecting the mechanical components to the valves and incorporating a branch section into the mechanical components.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to provide a compact water treatment device.
  • the water treatment device 201 uses well water or water stored in a water tank as raw water, and performs a filtration process to remove metal ions and turbidity components contained in the raw water, and a backwash process to discharge from the system the aggregates of metal ions and turbidity components that have accumulated in the system due to the filtration process.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment and the flow of water in the filtration mode (filtration process).
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the chemical supply unit 203, the distribution head 205, the filtration unit 202, the first valve 211, the second valve 212, the third valve 213, the fourth valve 215, and the fifth valve 214 of the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment.
  • the water treatment device 201 has a filtration section 202, a chemical supply section 203, a distribution head 205, a first valve 211, a second valve 212, a third valve 213, a fourth valve 215, and a fifth valve 214.
  • the pipe that sends raw water to the water treatment device 201 is called the raw water inlet pipe 207
  • the pipe that sends out the water purified by the filtration section 202 is called the purified water discharge pipe 210
  • the pipe that discharges dirt during backwash operation is called the wastewater drain pipe 208
  • the pipe that discharges foreign matter remaining in the pipe during the backwash process during the rinse process is called the rinse drain pipe 206.
  • the water treatment device 201 has a filtration section 202 containing a filter medium and a chemical supply section 203 that adds a chemical 260 (see FIG. 19) to the raw water, and the filtration section 202 and the chemical supply section 203 are connected via a distribution head 205.
  • the raw water inlet pipe 207 and the chemical supply unit 203 are connected by a first valve 211, the raw water inlet pipe 207 and the distribution head 205 are connected by a second valve 212, the chemical supply unit 203 and the wastewater drain pipe 208 are connected by a third valve 213, the distribution head 205 and the rinse drain pipe 206 are connected by a fifth valve 214, and the distribution head 205 and the purified water discharge pipe 210 are connected by a fourth valve 215.
  • the flow paths of each component can be switched between open and closed.
  • the raw water inlet pipe 207 has a branch section 216 that connects the electric pump 204 connected to the raw water inlet pipe 207 with the first valve 211 and the second valve 212, and the direction of raw water flow can be selected by opening and closing the first valve 211 and the second valve 212.
  • the filtration section 202 removes metal ions and turbid components from the raw water to purify it. Dirt that has accumulated in the filtration section 202 is discharged outside the device through a backwashing process and a rinsing process, keeping the filtration section 202 clean and allowing it to be used repeatedly.
  • the backwashing process is a process in which raw water is made to flow through the filtration section 202 in a direction opposite to the filtration process, and the dirt is discharged.
  • the rinsing process is a process in which, after the backwashing process, raw water is made to flow through the filtration section 202 in the same direction as the filtration process, and the separated dirt is discharged outside the device.
  • the chemical supply unit 203 adds chemicals 260 to the raw water to make it easier to collect them in the filtration unit 202 by coagulating metal ions contained in the raw water as substances that are poorly soluble in water, or by coagulating turbid components.
  • Raw water is sent to the water treatment device 201 by an electric pump 204 connected to a raw water inlet pipe 207.
  • a method may be used in which a water tank that stores raw water is placed at an elevated position, and the raw water is sent to the water treatment device 201 by using the elevation difference between the water tank and the water treatment device 201.
  • tap water jointly operated in a local area may be directly connected to the water treatment device 201.
  • the term water source includes wells, water tanks, waterworks, etc., as well as devices that send out raw water.
  • the electric pump 204 is a pump driven by an electric motor that sucks up and discharges well water or water stored in a water tank.
  • a centrifugal pump such as a centrifugal pump or a turbine pump, a vortex pump (cascade pump), a jet pump, an axial flow pump, or a mixed flow pump may be used.
  • an underwater pump such as a submersible pump rather than a suction type pump.
  • the depth of the well is about 1 to 10 meters for a shallow well, and 10 to 30 meters or more for a deep well, so the pump needs to pump water up to this height.
  • a pump with a head of 20 meters or more is best, and a vortex pump or jet pump is more preferable.
  • the flow rate discharged by the electric pump 204 is, for example, about 5 to 100 liters per minute, but for general household use, a pump with flow rate characteristics of about 5 to 50 liters per minute is more preferable.
  • the raw water inlet pipe 207, purified water discharge pipe 210, and wastewater drain pipe 208 may be made of any material and have any structure that can withstand the water pressure of the electric pump 204.
  • polyvinyl chloride resin or steel pipes, or straight pipes or pipe joints made of composite materials of these can be used for each pipe, in terms of durability and ease of processing.
  • the nominal diameter of each pipe is preferably large so that the head loss is low, and for example, a nominal diameter of 13 to 50 mm and a thickness of about 1 to 5 mm are preferable. If it is difficult to select materials that can withstand the maximum pressure of the electric pump 204, it is recommended to install a pressure reducing valve, pressure regulating valve, or relief valve between the electric pump 204 and the water treatment device 201.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the water flow during a filtration process in the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the water flow during a backwash process in the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the water flow during a rinsing process in the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment.
  • the distribution head 205 has a communication passage 251 and a distribution head branch passage 250 within the distribution head 205.
  • the communication passage 251 is a passage that connects the drug outlet 238 of the drug supply section 203 (described later) and the inlet 224 of the filtration section 202 (described later).
  • the second valve 212, the fifth valve 214, and the fourth valve 215 are connected to the distribution head 205.
  • the distribution head branch passage 250 is a passage that connects the second valve 212, the fifth valve 214, the fourth valve 215, and the outlet 225 of the filtration section 202 (described later). By opening and closing each valve, it is possible to change the flow direction of the water flowing through the communication passage 251 and the distribution head branch passage 250.
  • Raw water inlet pipe 207 ⁇ first valve 211 ⁇ first chemical branch section 240 (inside chemical supply section 203) ⁇ communication passage 251 (inside distribution head 205) ⁇ filtration section 202 (inlet 224 ⁇ outlet 225) ⁇ distribution head branch passage 250 (inside distribution head 205) ⁇ fourth valve 215 ⁇ purified water discharge pipe 210
  • a detailed explanation of the function and flow paths of the chemical supply unit 203 and the filtration unit 202 will be given later, but during the filtration process, as the raw water passes through the first valve 211 ⁇ first chemical branching unit 240 ⁇ distribution head 205 in that order, chemical 260 is added in the chemical supply unit 203, and as the raw water passes through the inlet 224 ⁇ outlet 225 in that order, contaminants from the raw water are collected in the filtration unit 202.
  • the flow rate during backwashing is set to be larger than the flow rate during filtration.
  • the flow rate is set according to the capacity of the filtration section 202.
  • a throttle section 280 is provided in a portion of the piping through which the filtration process is performed, specifically between the distribution head branch 250 and the fourth valve 215, to reduce the flow rate during the filtration process.
  • the throttle section 280 may be provided either inside the distribution head 205 or outside the distribution head 205. The flow rate during the filtration process is adjusted to the desired design value by combining this throttle section 280 with the electric pump 204.
  • the piping that passes through during the backwash process does not have a reduced diameter portion such as the constriction section 280, so a larger flow rate can be ensured than during the filtration process, and the backwash process can be carried out efficiently (see Figure 15).
  • the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment can perform a "rinsing process" for discharging foreign matter remaining in the pipes etc. during the backwashing process.
  • the first valve 211 is open, the second valve 212 is closed, the third valve 213 is closed, the fifth valve 214 is open, and the fourth valve 215 is closed, so that raw water passes through as follows:
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration section 202 of the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment.
  • the filtration section 202 has a filter medium and a water collection pipe 221 inside a bottomed cylindrical tank 220 with an opening on the top surface, and has the function of passing raw water through it to purify it.
  • the filter medium inside the filtration section 202 is mainly composed of an upper layer 222 for filtering out impurities, and a lower layer 223 that has a straightening effect.
  • the filter media used in the upper layer 222 are activated carbon, manganese sand, anthracite, etc., and 1 to 4 types are used in layers depending on the raw water quality.
  • the filtering action works mainly in the upper layer 222.
  • the filter material used in the lower layer 223 is composed of gravel or resin with coarse holes to disperse the water flowing in and out of the water collection pipe 221.
  • a layer of gravel with a relatively large particle size is provided at the bottom to improve the flow of water and prevent the filter material from flowing out from the bottom of the water collection pipe 221.
  • the amount of filter material in the lower layer 223 should be about 1/2 to 1 times the diameter of the filtration section 202.
  • the combined amount of filter material filled in the upper layer 222 and lower layer 223 should be about 1/4 to 4/5 times the internal volume of the filtration section 202.
  • the filtration section 202 has an inlet 224 and an outlet 225 at the opening on the top surface, and the outlet 225 is connected to the water collection pipe 221. As described above, the inlet 224 and the outlet 225 are connected to the communication passage 251 and the distribution head branch passage 250 of the distribution head 205, respectively.
  • Outlet 225 water collection pipe 221 ⁇ lower layer 223 ⁇ upper layer 222 ⁇ inlet 224 [4.3 Flow path in the filtration section during rinsing process] During the rinsing process, water flows as follows, and dirt is discharged from the outlet 225.
  • FIG. 18 is a plan view of the chemical supply unit 203, distribution head 205, filtration unit 202, first valve 211, third valve 213, and fourth valve 215 of the water treatment device 201.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 18 of the chemical supply unit 203, distribution head 205, and first valve 211 to fifth valve 214 of the water treatment device 201.
  • FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in FIG. 18 of the chemical supply unit 203, distribution head 205, filtration unit 202, first valve 211, second valve 212, and fourth valve 215 of the water treatment device 201.
  • the chemical supply section 203 is provided to promote the aggregation of metal ions contained in the raw water by the chemical 260 contained therein, making it easier to capture them in the filtration section 202.
  • the drug supply unit 203 has a drug placement section 231, a drug path 232, a recovery section 233, a first drug flow path 234, and a second drug flow path 235 inside a bottomed cylindrical housing 230.
  • the housing 230 is composed of a bowl-shaped base 230a provided at the bottom, a roughly cylindrical (including cylindrical) upper cover 230b that covers the base 230a, and a lid 236 that closes the upper opening of the upper cover 230b.
  • the lid 236 is provided detachably at the upper opening of the upper cover 230b.
  • the drug placement section 231 is installed at the top inside the housing 230.
  • the drug path 232 rises vertically from the bottom surface of the housing 230 and is connected to the drug placement section 231.
  • the recovery section 233 is located at the bottom inside the housing 230, on the outer periphery of the drug path 232.
  • the first valve 211 and the third valve 213 are connected to the base 230a of the drug supply unit 203. Inside the housing 230 of the drug supply unit 203, there is a first drug flow path 234 that is a flow path that connects the first valve 211 and the third valve 213.
  • the base 230a of the drug supply unit 203 is provided with a drug outlet 238 that opens downward.
  • a second drug flow path 235 that is a flow path that connects the drug outlet 238 and the recovery unit 233 is provided inside the housing 230 of the drug supply unit 203.
  • the drug outlet 238 is connected to a communication path 251 of the distribution head 205.
  • the first drug flow path 234 has a second drug branching section 241 that communicates with the drug path 232.
  • the second drug branching section 241 is a flow path that communicates between the first valve 211, the third valve 213, and the drug path 232.
  • the first drug flow path 234 has a first drug branching section 240 that communicates with the second drug flow path 35, located closer to the third valve 13 than the second drug branching section 241 in the first drug flow path 234.
  • the first drug branching section 240 is a flow path that communicates the second drug branching section 241, the recovery section 233, the third valve 213, and the drug outlet 238.
  • the first chemical flow path 234 has a constriction section 237 between the first chemical branch section 240 and the second chemical branch section 241 in the first chemical flow path 234.
  • the constriction section 237 is the flow path with the smallest cross-sectional area in the first chemical flow path 234.
  • the constriction section 237 is provided to branch the raw water that flows into the chemical supply section 203 at the second chemical branch section 241 and adjust the chemical solution to the required concentration.
  • the chemical path 232 is a small diameter pipe line, and is erected with a chemical placement section 231 at the top.
  • the diameter of the chemical path 232 is reduced midway, and the chemical placement section 231 is provided at the top of the chemical path 232, thereby enabling the raw water to come into contact with the chemical 260 at a desired flow rate.
  • the chemical placement section 231 has a size sufficient to ensure the amount (number) of chemical 260 to be placed so that a chemical solution of the desired concentration can be obtained for the flow rate of the raw water.
  • raw water flows from the first valve 211 into the drug supply section 203 and branches into the drug path 232 side and the first drug branch section 240 side at the second drug branch section 241.
  • the water that flows into the drug path 232 comes into contact with the drug 260 at the drug placement section 231, and dissolves the drug 260 passes around the outer periphery of the drug path 232 and is collected in the collection section 233, then passes through the second drug flow path 235 and merges with the water that branched off at the second drug branch section 241 at the first drug branch section 240.
  • the raw water that merges at the first drug branch section 240 flows out of the drug supply section 203 into the communication passage 251 of the distribution head 205.
  • the diameter of the drug path 232 is made small and a sufficient distance is maintained between the drug path 232 and the inner wall surface of the housing 230, so that the liquid level of the raw water containing the drug 260 dissolved therein that flows down into the housing 230 can be made about half the height of the housing 230 or less.
  • the flow rate of the raw water that comes into contact with the chemical 260 in the chemical placement section 231 can be adjusted by the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the constriction section 237.
  • the flow rate ratio of the raw water that branches off at the second chemical branch section 241 can be adjusted. In this way, the chemical concentration at the first chemical branch section 240 after merging can be adjusted to the desired concentration.
  • the chemical concentration of the raw water flowing out of the chemical supply unit 203 can be adjusted to within a desired range.
  • the drug placement section 231 is placed with a water-soluble, solid drug 260. It is preferable to use a tablet or granular drug 260. This is because the surface area of the drug 260 can be increased, allowing a stable drug concentration to be maintained. For tablets, it is preferable to use one with a diameter of about 30 mm and a height of 10 to 20 mm, and for granules, one with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm.
  • the size of the chemicals 260 is small, adjacent chemicals 260 may come into contact with water at the same time, causing the chemicals 260 to stick together. If they stick together, only the lower parts of the chemicals 260 may come into contact with the water, making it impossible to obtain a chemical solution of the desired concentration. Also, if the size of the chemicals 260 is small, the contact area with the water supplied from the chemical path 232 becomes large, making it impossible to obtain a chemical solution of the desired concentration. For this reason, chemicals 260 of the above-mentioned size are used to supply a chemical solution of the desired concentration.
  • chemical 260 oxidizes metal ions contained in the raw water to generate flocculants that are poorly soluble in water.
  • Various chemicals can be used as chemical 260, but a flocculant such as PAC (polyaluminum chloride) may be used depending on the required water purification performance.
  • PAC polyaluminum chloride
  • chemical 260 When chemical 260 is added to raw water, chemical 260 that is easily soluble in water is preferable, but chemical 260 that maintains a solid shape and does not flow out of chemical placement section 231 during stoppage and backwash processing, i.e., when addition of chemical 260 is interrupted, is preferable.
  • trichloroisocyanuric acid is used as chemical 260.
  • the housing 230 of the chemical supply unit 203 It is advisable to ensure that an air layer always exists within the housing 230 of the chemical supply unit 203. Because the housing 230 is an enclosed space, once the air is removed and the housing 230 is filled with water, the chemical 260 will always be in contact with the water and continue to dissolve. In the water treatment device 201 of this embodiment, air enters the housing 230 when the lid 236 of the chemical supply unit 203 is removed. The task of removing the lid 236 of the chemical supply unit 203 is mainly performed when replenishing the chemical 260 that has gradually decreased due to dissolution in the raw water.
  • each component of the drug supply unit 203 may be in contact with the drug 260 for a long period of time, it is advisable to select a material that has low reactivity with the drug 260, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene).
  • a material that has low reactivity with the drug 260 such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene).
  • the material of the drug path 232 must be strong enough to support the drug placement section 231, so taking into consideration compatibility with the drug 260, it is preferable to select a material for the drug path 232 that is stronger than PP, such as polyvinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene).
  • the outer diameter of the drug path 232 should be kept to a quarter or less of the inner diameter of the base 230a and the upper cover 230b. As mentioned above, this is because a space (collection section 233) for temporarily storing the solution after drug supply can be provided outside the drug path 232, and the water level in the housing 230 can be prevented from rising suddenly and reaching the drug placement section 231.
  • a space (collection section 233) for temporarily storing the solution after drug supply can be provided outside the drug path 232, and the water level in the housing 230 can be prevented from rising suddenly and reaching the drug placement section 231.
  • a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipe with an outer diameter of about 25 to 40 mm can be used.
  • the water treatment device 1 disclosed herein is capable of supplying a chemical solution of a stable concentration and has stable filtering performance, making it useful as a small household water treatment device used to purify well water or stored water.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

Ce dispositif de traitement d'eau (1) comprend : des tuyaux d'entrée d'eau brute (7a, 7b) ; une unité d'alimentation en agent chimique (3) ; une unité de filtration (2) ; une tête de distribution (5) présentant des trajets d'écoulement faisant communiquer les tuyaux d'entrée d'eau brute (7a, 7b), l'unité de filtration (2) et l'unité d'alimentation en agent chimique (3) ; un tuyau d'évacuation d'eau purifiée (10) qui extrait l'eau traitée de la tête de distribution (5) après sa filtration au niveau de l'unité de filtration ; un tuyau d'évacuation d'eaux usées (8) qui extrait l'eau de lavage à contre-courant qui a lavé l'unité de filtration (2) à partir de l'unité d'alimentation en agent chimique (3) ; une première soupape (11) raccordant les tuyaux d'entrée d'eau brute (7a, 7b) et l'unité d'alimentation en agent chimique (3) ; une deuxième soupape (12) raccordant les tuyaux d'entrée d'eau brute (7a, 7b) et la tête de distribution (5) ; une troisième soupape (13) raccordant l'unité d'alimentation en agent chimique (3) et le tuyau d'évacuation d'eaux usées (8) ; et une quatrième soupape (14) raccordant la tête de distribution (5) et les tuyaux d'évacuation d'eau purifiée (7a, 7b).
PCT/JP2023/034167 2022-09-29 2023-09-20 Dispositif de traitement d'eau Ceased WO2024070864A1 (fr)

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JP2022155655 2022-09-29
JP2022-155655 2022-09-29
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JP2023123087 2023-07-28
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025192381A1 (fr) * 2024-03-13 2025-09-18 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif de traitement de l'eau

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS482766Y1 (fr) * 1969-02-27 1973-01-24
JPS63111911A (ja) * 1986-10-30 1988-05-17 Miura Co Ltd 洗浄・消毒機能を有する自動逆洗システム
US6413423B1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2002-07-02 Kemp E. Falkner Liquid treatment apparatus with backwash flow control valve
JP2017148756A (ja) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 水処理装置
JP2018143910A (ja) * 2017-03-01 2018-09-20 株式会社ノーリツ ろ過装置およびろ過システム
JP2021023832A (ja) * 2019-07-31 2021-02-22 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 水処理装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS482766Y1 (fr) * 1969-02-27 1973-01-24
JPS63111911A (ja) * 1986-10-30 1988-05-17 Miura Co Ltd 洗浄・消毒機能を有する自動逆洗システム
US6413423B1 (en) * 2000-04-17 2002-07-02 Kemp E. Falkner Liquid treatment apparatus with backwash flow control valve
JP2017148756A (ja) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-31 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 水処理装置
JP2018143910A (ja) * 2017-03-01 2018-09-20 株式会社ノーリツ ろ過装置およびろ過システム
JP2021023832A (ja) * 2019-07-31 2021-02-22 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 水処理装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025192381A1 (fr) * 2024-03-13 2025-09-18 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Dispositif de traitement de l'eau

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