WO2024065361A1

WO2024065361A1 - Paging enhancements for broadcast quality of experience configurations

Info

Publication number: WO2024065361A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/122459
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jianhua Liu; Shankar Krishnan; Ozcan Ozturk
Original assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Current assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Priority date: 2022-09-29
Filing date: 2022-09-29
Publication date: 2024-04-04
Anticipated expiration: 2025-03-29

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network device may receive user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information. The network device may receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The network device may transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

PAGING ENHANCEMENTS FOR BROADCAST QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE CONFIGURATIONS

INTRODUCTION

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for enhanced paging transmissions.

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like) . Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE) . LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) .

A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. “Downlink” (or “DL” ) refers to a communication link from the network node to the UE, and “uplink” (or “UL” ) refers to a communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via a local link (e.g., a sidelink (SL) , a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and/or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, among other examples) .

The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and/or global level. New Radio (NR) , which may be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and/or single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) ) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.

SUMMARY

Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a network device. The method may include receiving user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information. The method may include receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The method may include transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a network node. The method may include receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The method may include transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a UE. The method may include receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service. The method may include transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

Some aspects described herein relate to a network device for wireless communication. The network device may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive UE QoE information. The one or more processors may be configured to receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network device. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network device, may cause the network device to receive UE QoE information. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network device, may cause the network device to receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network device, may cause the network device to transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving UE QoE information. The apparatus may include means for receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The apparatus may include means for transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The apparatus may include means for transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service. The apparatus may include means for transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network entity, network node, wireless communication device, and/or processing system as substantially described with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network node in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Figs. 4A-4B are diagrams illustrating an example of a quality of experience (QoE) configuration and reporting procedure, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Figs. 5A-5C are diagrams of an example associated with paging transmissions based at least in part on QoE information, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network device, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus employing a processing system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus employing a processing system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 15 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus employing a processing system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus, in accordance with the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In some instances, it may be beneficial for a user equipment (UE) to collect quality of experience (QoE) measurements associated with a broadcast service, such as when the UE is receiving a broadcast service while in a radio resource control (RRC) idle mode or RRC inactive mode. A QoE measurement may refer to a measurement of a user experience of a wireless communication service, and, more particularly, a measurement associated with the collective effect of service performances which determines the degree of satisfaction of a user of a service, such as a streaming service, a multimedia telephony service for IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS) service, an augmented reality (AR) service, a multimedia broadcast and multicast service (MBMS) , an extended reality (XR) service, or a similar service. In some examples, a QoE measurement may be referred to as a QoE metric and/or QoE metrics data.

However, under legacy procedures there is no QoE measurement configuration mechanism for idle mode UEs. More particularly, a UE may need to be in an RRC connected mode to receive a QoE measurement configuration, such as via an RRC reconfiguration message, and when a UE enters an idle mode, the UE may release all QoE measurement configurations, such as for reducing resource consumption associated with the QoE measurement configurations when the UE is no longer in a connected state and/or no longer providing a QoE measurement collection function. Thus, if an idle state UE is required to be configured with a QoE configuration, the network may need to send a paging message to the UE so that the UE may initiate an RRC connection procedure and, once connected, receive a QoE measurement configuration.

In existing paging mechanisms, when a network node receives a paging request from the core network, the network node has no UE capability information and is unaware if the UE is interested in any broadcast sessions and/or if the UE is subscribed to any broadcast sessions. Thus, when the network node pages the UE and the UE enters the connected state, if the UE does not support QoE for broadcast services and/or if the UE is not interested in and/or subscribed to a broadcast session associated with a QoE configuration, the network node and/or the UE will waste resources associated with the paging and RRC connection setup procedures. As a result, a network node may page UEs into a connected state in order to configure the UEs with one or more QoE configurations, which may result in unnecessary signaling and resource consumption, or else forgo QoE measurement collection (QMC) for broadcast communication services leading to decreased information about user experiences.

Some techniques and apparatuses described herein enable QMC for a UE in an idle or inactive mode, such as for a broadcast service being received by the UE while in the idle or inactive mode. In some aspects, a network device may receive UE QoE information, such as information indicating a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services and/or one or more interested and/or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE, as well as QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. An interested broadcast service may be a service that a UE intends to receive from a network node, once available, and a subscribed broadcast service may be a broadcast service that the UE is currently receiving from the network node. The network device may transmit a paging request to a UE in an idle mode or an inactive mode based at least in part on the UE QoE information and/or the QoE configuration information, such as when the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service and/or when the UE is interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service. In some other aspects, a network node may receive a paging request indicating UE QoE information and/or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service, and the network node may transmit a paging message based at least in part on the UE QoE information and/or the QoE configuration information. For example, the network node may transmit the paging message when the UE has a capability to perform the QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service and/or the UE is interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service. In some other aspects, a UE may receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service, and the UE may transmit a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service. For example, the UE may transmit the connection message when the UE has a capability to receive the broadcast service and/or a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, and/or when the UE is interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service.

As a result, the techniques and apparatuses described herein may enable wireless communication devices to conserve computing, power, network, and/or communication resources that may have otherwise unnecessarily been associated with paging idle or inactive UEs into a connected mode to receive the QoE configuration. More particularly, the techniques and apparatuses described herein may enable wireless communication devices to conserve computing, power, network, and/or communication resources consumed by paging into a connected state UEs that do not have a capability to collect QoE measurements associated with a broadcast service and/or UEs that are not interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service. Additionally, or alternatively, the techniques and apparatuses described herein may enable wireless communication devices to utilize QoE measurements for UEs in an idle or inactive state, such as UEs receiving broadcast services associated with a QoE configuration, thereby resulting in increased QoE measurement collection.

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT) , aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and/or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G) .

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and/or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) ) network, among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as a network node 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 110d) , a user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e) , and/or other entities. A network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UEs 120. As shown, a network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit) . As another example, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , meaning that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , or one or more radio units (RUs) ) .

In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with UEs 120 via a radio access link, such as an RU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link, such as a DU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or a core network via a backhaul link, such as a CU. In some examples, a network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a disaggregated network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and/or one or more DUs. A network node 110 may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G) , a gNB (e.g., in 5G) , an access point, a transmission reception point (TRP) , a DU, an RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the network nodes 110 may be interconnected to one another or to one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and/or backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection, an air interface, or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network.

In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 and/or a network node subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) . A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 102a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 102b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a network node 110 that is mobile (e.g., a mobile network node) .

In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to an aggregated base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, “base station” or “network node” may refer to a CU, a DU, an RU, a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with the network node 110. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform the one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a quantity of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to duplicate performance of at least a portion of the function, and the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one of the base station functions and not another. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110) . A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, or the like.

The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, or the like. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and/or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts) .

A network controller 130 may couple to or communicate with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may communicate with one another directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network (CN) device, or may include a CU or a CN device. For example, in some aspects, the network controller 130 may be a CN entity 170, an access and mobility management function (AMF) entity 175, a trace collection entity (TCE) /measurement collection entity (MCE) 180, and/or an operations, administration, and management (OAM) entity 185; may include the CN entity 170, the AMF entity 175, the TCE/MCE 180, and/or the OAM entity 185; and/or may be associated with the CN entity 170, the AMF entity 175, the TCE/MCE 180, and/or the OAM entity 185.

The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and/or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet) ) , an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and/or a satellite radio) , a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter/sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and/or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. An MTC UE and/or an eMTC UE may include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and/or a location tag, that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device) , or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment. A UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as processor components and/or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory components (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and/or electrically coupled.

In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using a network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another) . For example, the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol) , and/or a mesh network. In such examples, a UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the network node 110.

The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, by frequency/wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz -7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz -52.6 GHz) . It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz -300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.

The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz -24.25 GHz) . Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and/or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and/or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz -71 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz-114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz -300 GHz) . Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

With the above examples in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and/or FR5, or may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and/or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be referred to herein as a network device, or else the network controller 130 may be associated with the network device described herein. The network controller 130 may include a communication manager 160. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 160 may receive UE quality of experience (QoE) information; receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 160 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

In some aspects, the network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service; and transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 in communication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a through 234t, such as T antennas (T ≥ 1) . The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a through 252r, such as R antennas (R ≥ 1) . The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and a modem 254. In some examples, a network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components that facilitate direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs, or one or more DUs.

At the network node 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data, from a data source 212, intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) . The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from that UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS (s) selected for the UE 120 and may provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI) ) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and/or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) ) . A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) , shown as modems 232a through 232t. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use a respective modulator component to process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and/or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) , shown as antennas 234a through 234t.

At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive the downlink signals from the network node 110 and/or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) , shown as modems 254a through 254r. For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a respective demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and/or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller/processor 280. The term “controller/processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and/or a CQI parameter, among other examples. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.

The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller/processor 290, the communication manager 160, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.

One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a through 234t and/or antennas 252a through 252r) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and/or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, and/or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and/or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2.

On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) from the controller/processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) , and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna (s) 252, the modem (s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, and/or the TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller/processor 280) and the memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

At the network node 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and/or other UEs may be received by the antennas 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of the modem 232) , detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller/processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and/or uplink communications. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna (s) 234, the modem (s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 220, and/or the TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller/processor 240) and the memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

The controller/processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller/processor 280 of the UE 120, the controller/processor 290 of the network controller 130, and/or any other component (s) of Fig. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with paging transmissions based at least in part on quality of experience (QoE) information, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller/processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller/processor 280 of the UE 120, the controller/processor 290 of the network controller 130, and/or any other component (s) of Fig. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 600 of Fig. 6, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, and/or other processes as described herein. The memory 242, the memory 282, and the memory 292 may store data and program codes for the network node 110, the UE 120, and the network controller 130, respectively. In some examples, the memory 242, the memory 282, and/or the memory 292 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and/or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and/or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110, the UE 120, and/or the network controller 130, may cause the one or more processors, the UE 120, the network node 110, and/or the network controller 130 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 600 of Fig. 6, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, and/or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and/or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

In some aspects, a network device (e.g., the network controller 130) includes means for receiving UE QoE information; means for receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and/or means for transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. In some aspects, the means for the network device to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 160, communication unit 294, controller/processor 290, and/or memory 292.

In some aspects, the network node 110 includes means for receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and/or means for transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. The means for the network node 110 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

In some aspects, the UE 120 includes means for receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service; and/or means for transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service. The means for the UE 120 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller/processor 280, or memory 282.

While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and/or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller/processor 280.

As indicated above, Fig. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 2.

Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station, or a network equipment may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB) , an evolved NB (eNB) , an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP) , a TRP, or a cell, among other examples) , or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone base station or a monolithic base station) or a disaggregated base station. “Network entity” or “network node” may refer to a disaggregated base station, or to one or more units of a disaggregated base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof) .

An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit) . A disaggregated base station (e.g., a disaggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs) . In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other network nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU also can be implemented as virtual units, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples.

Base station-type operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) ) , or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) ) to facilitate scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be individually deployed. A disaggregated base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the disaggregated base station.

Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300, in accordance with the present disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated control units (such as a Near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 305, or both) . A CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as through F1 interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.

Each of the units, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, as well as the Near-RT RICs 325, the Non-RT RICs 315, and the SMO Framework 305, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or multiple communication interfaces of the respective unit, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. In some examples, each of the units can include a wired interface, configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units, and a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) , configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.

In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (for example, Central Unit -User Plane (CU-UP) functionality) , control plane functionality (for example, Central Unit -Control Plane (CU-CP) functionality) , or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. A CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E 1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with a DU 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling.

Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, among other examples. In some aspects, the DU 330 may further host one or more low PHY layers, such as implemented by one or more modules for a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 310.

Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality. In some deployments, an RU 340, controlled by a DU 330, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing an FFT, performing an iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, based on a functional split (for example, a functional split defined by the 3GPP) , such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

The SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface) . For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 310, DUs 330, RUs 340, non-RT RICs 315, and Near-RT RICs 325. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective O1 interface. The SMO Framework 305 also may include a Non-RT RIC 315 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 305.

The Non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications/features in the Near-RT RIC 325. The Non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 325. The Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 325.

In some implementations, to generate AI/ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 325, the Non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 325 and may be received at the SMO Framework 305 or the Non-RT RIC 315 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 315 or the Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI/ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A 1 interface policies) .

As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.

Figs. 4A-4B are diagrams illustrating an example 400 of a QoE configuration and reporting procedure, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Figs. 4A-4B, various network entities and devices, and layers within such devices, may communicate with one another over a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100) or the like. For example, a TCE/MCE (e.g., TCE/MCE 405) , an OAM entity (e.g., OAM 410) , a CN entity (e.g., CN 415) , a RAN entity (e.g., RAN 420) (which, in some aspects, may be an NG-RAN entity such as a network node 110 or a similar entity) , a UE access stratum (AS) layer or entity (e.g., US AS 425) , and/or a UE application (APP) layer or entity (e.g., UE APP 430) may communicate with one another. In some aspects, the UE AS 425 and the UE APP 430 may be associated with a UE 120.

In QoE mechanisms, application layer measurement configuration received from an OAM or a CN may be encapsulated in a transparent container, which may be forwarded to a UE in a downlink RRC message. Application layer measurements received from the UE’s higher layer may be encapsulated in a transparent container and sent to a network in an uplink RRC message. QoE reports may be sent via a separate signaling radio bearer (SRB) (separate from current SRBs) in NR, as this reporting is lower priority than other SRB transmissions. RRC signaling may be used by the network node to indicate to the UE to pause or resume the QoE reporting. This may be more readily understood with refence to Figs. 4A-4B, which show signaling associated with QoE measurement collection (QMC) activation, QoE reporting, and QMC deactivation and/or release.

Fig. 4A shows an example of a QMC activation and reporting procedure. As shown as step 0, the UE AS 425 may report UE capability information to the RAN 420. For example, the capability information may be reported during an initial access procedure, and may include information regarding whether the UE 120 is capable of collecting QoE metrics, types of QoE metrics the UE 120 is capable of measuring, or the like. Then, QMC activation may be achieved either via a signaling-based QoE activation procedure (sometimes referred to as a signaling-based NR QoE activation procedure) or a management-based QoE activation procedure (sometimes referred to as a management-based NR QoE activation procedure) . In a signaling-based QoE activation procedure, the OAM initiates the QoE measurement activation for a specific UE via the CN, and further to the NG-RAN node. In a management-based QoE activation procedure, the OAM sends one or more QoE measurement configurations to the NG-RAN node.

More particularly, as shown as step 1a, in a signaling-based NR QoE activation procedure, the OAM 410 may configure the CN 415 with QoE measurement information, sometimes referred to as a QoE measurement configuration or simply a QoE configuration. As shown as step 2a, in the signaling-based NR QoE activation procedure, the CN 415 may activate a QoE measurement procedure by forwarding the QoE measurement configuration to the RAN 420. Alternatively, in a management-based activation procedure, as shown as step 1b, the OAM 410 may activate the QoE measurement procedure by forwarding the QoE measurement configuration directly to the RAN 420. Put another way, in the signaling-based NR QoE activation procedure, the CN 415 may initiate the activation of QoE measurement, as configured by the OAM 410, while in the management-based NR QoE activation procedure, the RAN 420 may initiate the activation of QoE measurement, as configured by the OAM 410. In some aspects, the OAM 410 may configure and/or activate multiple simultaneous QoE measurements. In some aspects, the QoE measurement configuration may include a QMC configuration container (e.g., an extensible markup language (XML) file) associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of a service type associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of a multicast coordination entity internet protocol address associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of an area scope associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of a slice scope associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of minimization of drive tests alignment information associated with the QoE configuration, and/or an indication of available RAN visible QoE metrics associated with the QoE configuration, among other information.

In some examples, the NG-RAN further sends the QoE configuration to a UE 120 via an RRCReconfiguration message that may include the following: QMC configuration container (XML file) , measConfigAppLayerID, and/or service type. A mapping between measConfigAppLayerID and the QoE Reference may be maintained in the NG-RAN. More particularly, as shown by step 3, the RAN 420 may transmit an RRC reconfiguration message (sometimes referred to as an RRCReconfiguration message) to the UE 120 (and, more particularly, to the UE AS 425) that includes the QoE measurement configuration. In some cases, the RRC reconfiguration message may include a QMC configuration container (e.g., an XML file) associated with the QoE configuration, an indication of a measurement configuration identifier associated with the QoE configuration (sometimes referred to as measConfigAppLayerID) , and/or an indication of a service type associated with the QoE configuration, among other information. In this regard, the RAN 420 may maintain a mapping between the measurement configuration identifier associated with the QoE configuration (e.g., measConfigAppLayerID) and the QoE reference indicated by the QoE measurement activation message described above in connection with

reference steps

2a and 1b.

As shown as step 4, the UE AS 425 may transmit an attention (AT) command or the like to the UE APP 430 that includes the QoE measurement configuration. The UE APP 430 may make one or more QoE measurements based at least in part on the QoE measurement configuration, and, as shown as step 5, the UE APP 430 may transmit an AT command or the like to the UE AS 425 that includes a QoE report including the one or more QoE measurements and/or one or more QoE metrics. More particularly, the UE APP 430 may transmit a report container to the UE AS 425 indicating the one or more QoE measurements and/or the measurement configuration identifier associated with the QoE configuration (e.g., measConfigAppLayerID) .

The QoE measurement collection may be handled by the application layer at the UE 120. A QoE report container may be received from the application layer at the UE 120 by an RRC layer at the UE 120. The application layer measurement reports may be encapsulated in a transparent container in a measurementReportAppLayer RRC message over a SRB, such as SRB4. A measConfigAppLayerId may be used to identify one application layer measurement configuration and report between the network node 110 and the UE 120. The application layer measurement report may be forwarded by the network node 110 to the OAM 410 together with the QoE Reference. In some cases, segmentation of the measurementReportAppLayer message may be enabled by the network node 110 to allow the transmission of application layer measurement reports which exceed the maximum PDCP service data (SDU) size. In such cases, an existing RRC segmentation mechanism may be applied.

More particularly, as shown as step 6, the UE AS 425 may transmit an RRC message or the like to the RAN 420 that includes the QoE report. In some cases, the application layer measurements transmitted from the UE AS 425 to the RAN 420 may be encapsulated in a transparent container in a measurement report RRC message (sometimes referred to as a measurementReportAppLayer RRC message) , which may be transmitted over an SRB, such as SRB4. Moreover, segmentation of the measurement report RRC message (e.g., the measurementReportAppLayer RRC message) may be enabled by the RAN 420 to permit transmission of application layer measurement reports which exceed the maximum PDCP SDU size. Additionally, in some instances, the RRC message may indicate the measurement configuration identifier associated with the QoE configuration (e.g., measConfigAppLayerID) , which may be used to identify one application layer measurement configuration and report between the RAN 420 and the AS 425. And as shown as

steps

7a and 7b, the RAN 420 may transmit the QoE report to the OAM 410 and/or the TCE/MCE 405, respectively. In some cases, the QoE report may be associated with a report container and/or may indicate a QoE reference corresponding to the QoE measurement configuration and/or QoE report.

In some examples, the OAM 410 triggers to deactivate a list of one or more QoE measurement collection jobs. The deactivation of QoE measurement collection may be achieved by providing a list of one or more QoE references. A network node 110 may release one or multiple application layer measurement configurations from the UE 120 in one RRCReconfiguration message at any time. Ifthe UE 120 enters an IDLE state, the UE 120 may release all of the QoE measurement configurations. If one QoE measurement configuration is released, an RRC layer may inform the upper layer to release the QoE measurement configuration.

More particularly, Fig. 4B shows an example of a QMC deactivation and/or release procedure. In some cases, the OAM 410 or a similar entity may trigger a UE 120 to deactivate a list of QoE measurement collection jobs. Additionally, or alternatively, a network node 110 (e.g., RAN 420) may release one or more application layer measurement configurations from the UE in an RRC reconfiguration message (e.g., a RRCReconfiguration message) . Moreover, in some cases, if a UE 120 enters an RRC idle mode, the UE 120 may release all QoE measurement configurations.

For example, as shown as step 1 in Fig. 4B, the OAM 410 may transmit, to the CN 415, a configure deactivation message, which may include a deactivation indication associated with a QoE measurement configuration and/or a QoE reference associated with the QoE measurement configuration to be deactivated, among other information. As shown by step 2, the CN 415 may transmit, to the RAN 420, a deactivate QoE measurement message, which may include the deactivation indication associated with the QoE measurement configuration and/or the QoE reference associated with the QoE measurement configuration to be deactivated, among other information. In some other aspects, such as in a management-based deactivation procedure, the OAM 410 may transmit a deactivate QoE measurement message directly to the RAN 420. As shown by step 3, the RAN 420 may transmit, to the UE AS 425, an RRC reconfiguration message (e.g., an RRCReconfiguration message) , which may include the deactivation indication and an indication of a measurement configuration identifier (e.g., measConfigAppLayerID) associated with the QoE configuration to be deactivated. As described above, the RAN 420 may maintain a mapping between QoE references and measurement configuration identifiers, such that when the RAN 420 receives the deactivate QoE measurement message at step 2, the RAN 420 may map the QoE reference to the corresponding measurement configuration identifier (e.g., measConfigAppLayerID) for inclusion in the RRC reconfiguration message. Finally, as shown by step 4, the AS 425 may indicate to the application layer to release the QoE measurement configuration, such as by transmitting, to the UE APP 430, an AT command or the like. The AT command may include the deactivation indication and the indication of the measurement configuration identifier (e.g., measConfigAppLayerID) associated with the QoE measurement configuration to be deactivated. Upon receipt of the release command (e.g., the AT command shown in connection with step 4) , the UE APP 430 may release the QoE measurement configuration, and thus cease to collect QoE measurements associated with the QoE measurement configuration. Moreover, as described above, if the UE 120 enters an RRC idle mode, the UE 120 may autonomously release all QoE measurement configurations.

In some cases, a UE 120 may receive a multicast or broadcast service (MBS) , such as a broadcast communication service. For a broadcast communication service, the same service and the same specific content data are provided simultaneously (e.g., broadcast) to multiple UEs 120 within a geographic area. Put another way, all UEs 120 in a broadcast service area are authorized to receive the data associated with a broadcast communication service. In some cases, a broadcast communication service is delivered to a UE 120 using a broadcast session via a broadcast traffic channel (sometimes referred to as a multicast traffic channel (MTCH) ) , and a UE 120 may receive a broadcast service in an RRC idle mode (sometimes referred to as RRC_IDLE) , an RRC inactive mode (sometimes referred to as RRC_INACTIVE) , or an RRC connected mode (sometimes referred to as RRC_CONNECTED) . In some instances, a UE 120 may receive an MBS configuration for a broadcast session (which may include parameters needed for MTCH reception) via a broadcast control channel (sometimes referred to as a multicast control channel (MCCH) ) while in an RRC idle mode, an RRC inactive mode, or an RRC connected mode. Moreover, in some cases, a UE 120 may receive parameters needed for reception of the MCCH via a system information message.

In some instances, it may be beneficial for a UE to collect QoE measurements associated with a broadcast service, such as when the UE is receiving a broadcast service while in an RRC idle mode or RRC inactive mode. However, under legacy procedures there is no QoE measurement configuration mechanism for idle mode UEs. More particularly, a UE may need to be in an RRC connected mode to receive a QoE measurement configuration, such as via an RRC reconfiguration message, and when a UE enters an idle mode, the UE will release all QoE measurement configurations. Thus, if an idle state UE is required to be configured with a QoE configuration, the network may need to page the UE into a connected state.

In existing paging mechanisms, when a network node receives a paging request from the CN, the network node has no UE capability information and is unaware of which broadcast sessions the UE is interested in and/or subscribed to. Thus, when the network node pages the UE and the UE enters the connected state, if the UE does not support QoE for broadcast services and/or if the UE is not interested in and/or subscribed to broadcast session associated with a QoE configuration, the network node and/or the UE will waste resources associated with the RRC connection setup procedure. Thus, under legacy procedures, a network node may either page UEs into a connected state in order to attempt to configure the UEs with one or more QoE configurations, which may result in unnecessary signaling and connection establishment procedures leading to high signaling overhead and unnecessary power, computing, and network resource consumption, or else forgo QMC for broadcast communication services, resulting in decreased network information about communication channels and broadcast services and thus overall inefficient usage of network resources.

Some techniques and apparatuses described herein enable QMC for a UE in an idle or inactive mode, such as for a broadcast service being received by the UE while in the idle or inactive mode. In some aspects, a network device may receive UE QoE information, such as information indicating a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services and/or one or more interested and/or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE, as well as QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The network device may transmit a paging request based at least in part on the UE QoE information and/or the QoE configuration information, such as when the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service and/or when the UE is interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service. In some other aspects, a network node may receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service, and the network node may transmit a paging message based at least in part on the UE QoE information and/or the QoE configuration information. For example, the network node may transmit the paging message when the UE has a capability to perform the QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service and/or the UE is interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service. In some other aspects, a UE may receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service, and the UE may transmit a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service. For example, the UE may transmit the connection message when the UE has a capability to receive the broadcast service and/or a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, and/or when the UE is interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service.

As a result, the techniques and apparatuses described herein may enable wireless communication devices to conserve computing, power, network, and/or communication resources that may have otherwise unnecessarily been associated with paging idle or inactive UEs into a connected mode to receive the QoE configuration, such as computing, power, network, and/or communication resources unnecessarily used to page into a connected state UEs that do not have a capability to collect QoE measurements associated with a broadcast service and/or UEs that are not interested in or subscribed to the broadcast service. Additionally, or alternatively, the techniques and apparatuses described herein may enable wireless communication devices to beneficially utilize QoE measurements for UEs in an idle or inactive state, such as UEs receiving broadcast services associated with a QoE configuration, thereby resulting in increased information about communication channels and broadcast services and thus overall more efficient usage of network resources.

As indicated above, Figs. 4A-4B are provided as examples. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Figs. 4A-4B.

Figs. 5A-5C are diagrams of an example 500 associated with paging transmissions based at least in part on quality of experience information, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Figs. 5A-5C, a UE 502 (e.g., UE 120 and/or a UE associated with the UE AS 425 and/or the UE APP 430) , one or more network nodes 504 (e.g., one or more of a network node 110, a CU, a DU, an RU, and/or RAN 420) , a first network device 506 (e.g., network controller 130 and/or CN 415) , and/or a second network device 508 (e.g., network controller 130, OAM 410, and/or TCE/MCE 405) may communicate with each other. In some aspects, the first network device 506 may be associated with an AMF of a core network, and/or the second network device 508 is associated with at least one of an MCE or an OAM entity. In some aspects, the UE 502, the one or more network nodes 504, the first network device 506, and/or the second network device 508 may be part of a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100) . The UE 502, the one or more network nodes 504, the first network device 506, and/or the second network device 508 may have established a wireless connection prior to operations shown in Figs. 5A-5C.

Fig. 5A shows aspects associated with a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) determining whether to send paging to a UE. More particularly, in the example shown in Fig. 5A, a CN device (e.g., a device associated with an AMF) may determine whether to send paging to a UE based on UE QoE related context and QoE configuration information.

As shown by reference number 510, the UE 502 may transmit, and a network node 504 and/or the first network device 506 may receive, UE QoE information (sometimes referred to as UE QoE related context) . The UE QoE information may be associated with QoE collection for broadcast services. More particularly, the QoE information may include information indicating a capability of the UE 502 to collect QoE measurements, such as a capability to collect QoE measurements associated with a broadcast service, and/or broadcast services associated with the UE 502, such as whether the UE 502 is interested in receiving certain broadcast services and/or whether the UE 502 is subscribed to certain broadcast services (e.g., the UE QoE related context includes at least one of UE 502 capability on QoE for broadcast and UE 502 interested and/or subscribed broadcast sessions) . In that regard, UE QoE information may indicate at least one of a capability of the UE 502 to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services, one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE 502, or one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE 502. As shown by the arrows accompanying reference number 510, in some aspects the first network device 506 (e.g., CN device) may obtain the UE QoE related context from a network node 504, such as over an NG interface, and/or the first network device 506 may obtain the UE QoE related context from the UE 502, such as over a non-access stratum (NAS) message.

As shown by reference number 512, the second network device 508 may transmit, and the first network device 506 may receive, QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. For example, the first network device 506 (e.g., a CN device) may receive QoE configuration information from an MCE. The QoE configuration information may indicate one or more parameters associated with QoE collection for one or more broadcast services. For example, the QoE configuration information may include a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration (e.g., an identifier associated with one or more QoE metrics to be collected) , a QoE indication (e.g., an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection) , MBS session information for QoE measurement (e.g., an indication of a broadcast session associated with a service for which QoE metrics are to be collected) , and/or QoE service type information (e.g., an indication of a type of broadcast service associated with the QoE collection) . In some aspects, the MBS session information may be associated with a temporary mobile group identifier (TMGI) associated with the broadcast service (e.g., the configuration information may include a TMGI that identifies a particular broadcast service for which QoE metrics are to be collected) .

As shown by reference number 514, the first network device 506 may determine whether to send paging to the UE 502 based on the UE QoE information (e.g., the UE QoE related context) and/or the QoE configuration. For example, the first network device 506 may determine whether to send paging to the UE 502 based at least in part on a UE 502 capability regarding QoE for broadcast (e.g., whether the UE 502 has a capability to perform QoE collection for broadcast services and/or whether the UE 502 has a capability to perform QoE collection for a particular broadcast service associated with the QoE configuration) and/or UE 502 interested and/or subscribed broadcast sessions (e.g., whether the UE 502 is interested in or subscribed to one or more broadcast services associated with the QoE configuration) . Put another way, the first network device 506 may determine to transmit the paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information indicating that the UE 502 has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service associated with the QoE configuration, or the QoE configuration information including broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE 502.

As shown by reference number 516, in some aspects, the first network device 506 may transmit, and a network node 504 may receive, a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. In some aspects, the paging request may be a message transmitted to the network node 504 to initiate a paging procedure (e.g., indicating that the network node 504 should page the UE 502 into an RRC connected state) , such as for purposes of configuring the UE 502 with a QoE configuration. In some aspects, the paging request may be associated with a next generation application protocol (NGAP) paging message (sometimes referred to as NGAP: Paging) , among other examples. In some aspects, transmitting the paging request may be based at least in part on the UE QoE information, transmitting the paging request may be based at least in part on the QoE configuration information, or transmitting the paging request may be based at least in part on both the UE QoE information and the QoE configuration information. For example, transmitting the paging request may be based at least in part on the first network device 506 determining that the UE 502 has a capability to perform a collection job (as indicated in the UE QoE information) and/or that the UE 502 is interested in or subscribed to a broadcast service (as indicated in the UE QoE information) that is associated with particular QoE configuration (as indicated in the QoE configuration information) .

As shown by reference number 518, the first network device 506 may transmit, and a network node 504 may receive, at least a portion of the QoE configuration information. For example, in some aspects, the first network device 506 may transmit, and a network node 504 may receive, an indication of one or more QoE configurations associated with one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE 502. In some aspects, the network node 504 may then page the UE 502 into a connected state and/or configure the UE 502 to perform QMC (which will be described in more detail below in connection with Figs. 5B and 5C) based at least in part on the at least the portion of the QoE configuration information. In this way, a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) may selectively transmit a paging request (e.g., in order to page the UE 502 to enter an RRC connected state and thus receive QoE configuration information) based at least in part on whether the UE 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with broadcast services, whether the 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with a particular broadcast service associated with a QoE configuration, whether the UE 120 is interested in receiving the broadcast service and/or is subscribed to the broadcast service, or similar information.

As shown in Fig. 5B, in some aspects, a network node 504 may determine whether to send paging to the UE 502. More particularly, in some aspects, a network node 504 may receive a paging request from a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) and/or may determine whether to send paging based on UE QoE related context and/or QoE configuration information.

As shown by reference number 520, the first network device 506 may transmit, and the network node 504 may receive, a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information (e.g., the UE QoE information described above in connection with reference number 510) or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (e.g., the QoE configuration information described above in connection with reference number 512) . Put another way, in some aspects, the network node 110 may receive a paging request message from a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) , which may include QoE related information. As described in detail above in connection with reference number 516, the paging request may be associated with an NGAP paging message or similar message, which may be used to initiate a paging procedure (e.g., which may be used to instruct the network node 504 to page the UE 502 into a connected state) . Moreover, as described above in connection with Fig. 5A, the UE QoE information may indicate at least one of a capability of the UE 502 to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services, one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE 502, and/or one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE 502, and/or the QoE configuration information may indicate at least one of a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration. In some aspects, the MBS session information may be associated with a TMGI and/or indicated by a TMGI.

In some aspects, the paging request may indicate the UE QoE information via a UE QoE information container. More particularly, the UE QoE information may include two parts, sometimes referred to as Part 1 and Part 2. Part 1 may include at least information indicating a UE 502 capability for QoE collection associated with a broadcast service (e.g., an MBS broadcast service or other service type) , and/or broadcast services (e.g., MBS sessions) that the UE 502 is interested in receiving and/or subscribed to. Part 2 may include a QoE indication (e.g., an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection) , MBS session information for QoE measurement (e.g., an indication of a particular broadcast session associated with a service for which QoE metrics are to be collected) , and/or QoE service type information (e.g., an indication of a type of broadcast service associated with the QoE collection) . In some aspects, Part 1 may be included in a container and transmitted to a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) by a last serving network node 504 associated with the UE 502, and/or Part 1 may be stored at the CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) for later transmission to a network node 504 during a paging procedure or similar process.

In some aspects, the first network device 506 may indicate, via the paging request, whether the network node 504 should respond to the paging request. For example, the paging request may indicate whether the network node 504 should transmit a paging failure message based at least in part on the network node 504 refraining from transmitting a paging message to the UE 502, which is described in more detail below in connection with reference number 524.

As shown by reference number 522, in response to receiving the paging request, the network node 504 may determine whether to send paging to the UE 502. In some aspects, the network node 504 may determine whether to send paging to the UE 502 based at least in part on whether a QoE indication is included in Part 2 of the UE QoE information and/or if the UE capability for broadcast QoE is supported in Part 1 UE QoE information. Additionally, or alternatively, in some aspects, when broadcast session information for QoE is included in Part 2 of the UE QoE information, the network node 504 may check whether there are the broadcast sessions which are indicated in Part 1, and, if there are the broadcast sessions which are indicated in Part 1, the network node 504 may send the paging message to the UE 502. Put another way, in some aspects, determining to transmit the paging message may be based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information indicating that the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information including broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

As shown by reference number 524, in some aspects, the network node 504 may determine not to transmit a paging message to the UE 502. In such aspects, the network node 504 may transmit, and the first network device 506 may receive, a paging failure message. A paging failure message may be a responsive message to a paging request (e.g., the paging request indicated by reference number 520) indicating that a paging message was not transmitted to the UE 502. In that regard, in some aspects, if the network node 504 determines not to send paging to the UE 502, the network node 504 may respond to a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) with the paging failure message (sometimes referred to as a paging sending failure message) . More particularly, in some aspects, transmitting the paging failure message to the first network device 506 may be based at least in part on the paging request (e.g., the UE QoE information included in the paging request) indicating that the UE does not have a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service. Additionally, or alternatively, in some aspects, transmitting the paging failure message to the first network device 506 may be based at least in part on the paging request (e.g., the UE QoE information include in the paging request) indicating that the UE 502 is not associated with the broadcast service (e.g., the UE 502 is not interested in and/or subscribed to a broadcast service associated with the QoE configuration) .

In some aspects, the paging failure message may indicate a failure cause, such as that the UE 502 does not have a capability to perform the QoE collection associated with the broadcast service, and/or the UE 502 is not interested in and/or subscribed to broadcast sessions associated with the QoE configuration. Moreover, and as described above in connection with reference number 520, in some aspects a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) may indicate in a paging request whether the network node 504 is required to respond to the paging request.

As shown by reference number 526, in some aspects, the network node 504 may transmit, and the UE 502 may receive, a paging message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. The paging message may be a message associated with a paging procedure used to indicate to a UE 502 that the UE 502 should enter an RRC connected state (e.g., indicating that the UE 502 should perform a random access channel (RACH) procedure to enter the RRC connected state) . In some aspects, a paging message may be associated with an RRC message (sometimes referred to as RRC: Paging) . In some aspects, the paging message may be transmitted to the UE 502 during a paging occasion, which may be associated with time resources between periods of discontinuous reception (DRX) during which the UE 502 may listen for paging messages from a network node 504. In some aspects, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) associated with the paging message may be scrambled with a paging radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI) indicating that the message is associated with paging. Additionally, or alternatively, the paging message may include an indication that the paging message is associated with the UE 502, such as an indication of a 5G serving temporary mobile subscriber identity (5G-S-TMSI) , an inactive radio network temporary identifier (I-RNTI) , or a similar identifier.

In some aspects, the network node 504 may transmit the paging message to the UE 502 based at least in part on the paging request (e.g., the UE QoE information associated with the paging request) indicating that the UE 120 has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with a broadcast service associated with the QoE configuration. Additionally, or alternatively, the network node 504 may transmit the paging message to the UE 502 based at least in part on the paging request (e.g., the UE QoE information and/or the QoE configuration) indicating that the UE 502 is associated with the broadcast service associated with the QoE configuration.

In this way, a network node 504 may selectively transmit a paging message (e.g., in order to page the UE 502 to enter an RRC connected state and thus receive QoE configuration information) based at least in part on whether the UE 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with broadcast services, whether the 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with a particular broadcast service associated with a QoE configuration, whether the UE 120 is interested in receiving the broadcast service and/or is subscribed to the broadcast service, or similar information.

As shown in Fig. 5C, in some aspects, the UE 502 may determine whether and/or how to respond to a paging message received from a network node 504. More particularly, the UE 502 may determine whether and how to respond to a paging message (e.g., an RRC: Paging message received from the network node 504) based on UE 502 capability and/or interested and/or subscribed MBS session information, or similar information.

As shown by 528, in some aspects, a network device (e.g., one of the first network device 506 or the second network device 508) may transmit, and a network node 504 may receive, QoE information associated with a broadcast service. In some aspects, the QoE information associated with the broadcast service may include at least some of the information described above in connection with the QoE configuration information described in connection with

reference numbers

512, 518, and 520. For example, in some aspects, the QoE information associated with the broadcast service may indicate at least one of a QoE reference associated with a QoE configuration associated with a broadcast service (e.g., a QoE configuration that the network node 504 has received from the CN, such as via the message described above in connection with reference number 518) , an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

As shown by reference number 530, a network node 504 may transmit, and the UE 502 may receive, a paging message indicating the QoE information associated with a broadcast service. Put another way, the network node 504 may transmit a paging message to the UE 502 including QoE related information, such as a QoE reference, a QoE indication, an MBS session information for QoE, and/or QoE service type information. In a similar manner as described above in connection with reference number 526, the paging message may be an RRC paging message (e.g., RRC: Paging) or similar message.

As shown by reference number 532, the UE 502 may determine whether and how to respond to the paging message, based at least in part on the QoE information included in the paging message. More particularly, in some aspects, the UE 502 may determine whether to enter an RRC connected state to receive a QoE configuration based at least in part on the QoE information. For example, if the UE 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with broadcast services, if the UE 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with one or more particular broadcast services indicated by the paging message, and/or if the UE 502 is interested in or subscribed to the one or more particular broadcast services, the UE 502 may determine to enter the connected state in order to receive the QoE configuration or similar information, which will be described in more detail below in connection with reference number 536. Otherwise, the UE 502 may determine to transmit an indication (sometimes referred to herein as a response message) to the network node 504 or a network device indicating that the UE 502 should not be configured with the QoE configuration.

More particularly, as shown by reference number 534, the UE 502 may transmit, and the network node 504 and/or the first network device 506 may receive, a response message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service. In some aspects, the response message may correspond to an indication provided by the UE 502 to the network node 504 and/or a network device 506, indicating that the UE 502 is not entering a connected state notwithstanding receipt of the paging message. In some aspects, the UE 502 may transmit the indication (e.g., the response message) to a network node 504 and/or to the first network device 506 network if the UE 502 has no QoE capability, has no broadcast capability, has no QoE capability for broadcast services, and/or is not interested in and/or subscribed to the MBS sessions indicated in paging message. Put another way, in some aspects, transmitting the response message may be based at least in part on at least one of the UE 502 not having a capability to receive the broadcast service indicated in the paging message, the UE 502 not having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service indicated in the paging message, and/or the UE 502 not being associated with (e.g., interested in and/or subscribed to) the broadcast service indicated in the paging message. In some aspects, the UE 502 may transmit the response message to a network node 504 via an RRC message. For example, the UE 502 may transmit the indication (e.g., the response message) to a network node 504 over an RRC message, such as message 5 (MSG5) associated with a RACH procedure, and then the network node 504 may transmit the indication to a CN device (e.g., the first network device 506) . In some other aspects, the UE 502 may transmit the response message to the first network device 506 via an NAS message.

In some aspects, the UE 502 may enter an RRC idle state based at least in part on transmitting the response message. For example, after the UE 502 sends the indication (e.g., response message) successfully, the UE 502 may enter an RRC idle state autonomously, or else wait for the network node 504 to release the UE 502 to an RRC idle state.

As shown by reference number 536, if the UE 502 has the capability and/or is interested in and/or subscribed to at least one broadcast session indicated in the paging message, the UE 502 may respond to the paging and/or trigger an RRC connection establishment (e.g., initiate a RACH procedure) in order to receive the QoE configuration. In some aspects, the UE 502 may trigger an RRC connection establishment by transmitting a connection message associated with a RACH procedure or other procedure. For example, the connection message may be associated with an RRC setup request message (sometimes referred to as RRC Setup Request and/or message 3 (MSG3) associated with a RACH procedure) , or a similar message. In some aspects, the UE 502 may transmit the connection message based at least in part on at least one of the UE 502 having a capability to receive the broadcast service indicated by the paging message, or the UE 502 having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service indicated by the paging message. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 502 may transmit the connection message based at least in part on the UE 502 being associated with (e.g., interested in and/or subscribed to) the broadcast service indicated by the paging message.

In this way, the UE 502 may selectively enter an RRC connected state and thus receive QoE configuration information based at least in part on whether the UE 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with broadcast services, whether the 502 is capable of collecting QoE metrics associated with a particular broadcast service associated with a QoE configuration, whether the UE 120 is interested in receiving the broadcast service and/or is subscribed to the broadcast service, or similar information.

Based at least in part on the enhanced paging and QoE configuration techniques described above in connection with Figs. 5A-5C, the UE 502, the one or more network nodes 504, and/or the

network devices

506, 508 may conserve computing, power, network, and/or communication resources that may have otherwise been consumed by legacy paging and QoE configuration procedures. For example, based at least in part on transmitting paging requests and/or paging messages based at least in part on UE QoE information and/or QoE configuration information, and/or based at least in part on initiating an RRC connection procedure based at least in part on QoE information, the UE 502, the one or more network nodes 504, and/or the

network devices

506, 508 may conserve computing, power, network, and/or communication resources that may have otherwise been consumed by unnecessary paging and/or connection procedures, while maintaining robust QMC procedures for capable UEs.

As indicated above, Figs. 5A-5C are provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Figs. 5A-5C.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process 600 performed, for example, by a network device, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 600 is an example where a network device (e.g., first network device 506) performs operations associated with paging transmissions based at least in part on quality of experience information.

As shown in Fig. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include receiving UE QoE information (block 610) . For example, the network device (e.g., using communication manager 160 and/or reception component 902, depicted in Fig. 9) may receive UE QoE information, as described above.

As further shown in Fig. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (block 620) . For example, the network device (e.g., using communication manager 160 and/or reception component 902, depicted in Fig. 9) may receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service, as described above.

As further shown in Fig. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information (block 630) . For example, the network device (e.g., using communication manager 160, transmission component 904, and/or paging component908, depicted in Fig. 9) may transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information, as described above.

Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the network device is associated with an access and mobility management function of a core network.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the QoE configuration information is received from another network device associated with a measurement collection entity.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the UE QoE information indicates at least one of a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services, one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the MBS session information is associated with a temporary mobile group identifier associated with the broadcast service.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on the UE QoE information.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on the QoE configuration information.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on both the UE QoE information and the QoE configuration information.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 600 includes determining to transmit the paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 600 includes transmitting, to a network node, an indication of one or more QoE configurations associated with one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Although Fig. 6 shows example blocks of process 600, in some aspects, process 600 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 6. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 600 may be performed in parallel.

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, by a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example where the network node (e.g., network node 504) performs operations associated with paging transmissions based at least in part on quality of experience information.

As shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (block 710) . For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 150, reception component 1202, and/or paging component 1208, depicted in Fig. 12) may receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service, as described above.

As further shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information (block 720) . For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 150, transmission component 1204, and/or paging component 1208, depicted in Fig. 12) may transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information, as described above.

Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the UE QoE information indicates at least one of a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services, one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the MBS session information is associated with a temporary mobile group identifier.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the paging request indicates the UE QoE information via a UE QoE information container.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is associated with the broadcast service.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE does not have a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, process 700 includes transmitting the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is not associated with the broadcast service.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, the paging request indicates whether the network node should transmit the paging failure message based at least in part on the network node refraining from transmitting the paging message to the UE.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 700 includes determining to transmit the paging message based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Although Fig. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects, process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 7. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example where the UE (e.g., UE 502) performs operations associated with paging transmissions based at least in part on quality of experience information.

As shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service (block 810) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 140, reception component 1502, and/or paging component 1508 depicted in Fig. 15) may receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service, as described above.

As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service (block 820) . For example, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 140, transmission component 1504, paging component 1508, and/or RRC connection component 1510, depicted in Fig. 15) may transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service, as described above.

Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the QoE information associated with the broadcast service indicates at least one of a QoE reference associated with a QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 800 includes transmitting the response message based at least in part on at least one of the UE not having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or the UE not having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 800 includes transmitting the response message based at least in part on the UE not being associated with the broadcast service.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 800 includes transmitting the response message to a network node via a radio resource control message.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 800 includes transmitting the response message to a network device via a non-access stratum message.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 800 includes entering a radio resource control idle state based at least in part on transmitting the response message.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 800 includes transmitting the connection message based at least in part on at least one of the UE having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or the UE having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, process 800 includes transmitting the connection message based at least in part on the UE being associated with the broadcast service.

Although Fig. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects, process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

Fig. 9 is a diagram of an example apparatus 900 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 900 may be a network device (e.g., first network device 506) , or a network device may include the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 includes a reception component 902 and a transmission component 904, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components) . As shown, the apparatus 900 may communicate with another apparatus 906 (such as a UE, a network node, another network device, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 902 and the transmission component 904. As further shown, the apparatus 900 may include the communication manager 160. The communication manager 160 may include one or more of a paging component 908, a determination component 910, or a QoE configuration component 912, among other examples.

In some aspects, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 5A-5C. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 600 of Fig. 6. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 and/or one or more components shown in Fig. 9 may include one or more components of the network controller 130 described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

The reception component 902 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 906. The reception component 902 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the network controller 130 described in connection with Fig. 2.

The transmission component 904 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 906. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 900 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 904 for transmission to the apparatus 906. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 906. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the network controller 13 0 described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may be co-located with the reception component 902 in a transceiver.

The reception component 902 may receive UE QoE information. The reception component 902 may receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The transmission component 904 and/or the paging component 908 may transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

The determination component 910 may determine to transmit the paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

The transmission component 904 and/or the QoE configuration component 912 may transmit, to a network node, an indication of one or more QoE configurations associated with one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 9 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 9. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 9 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 9 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1005 employing a processing system 1010, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1005 may be a network device (e.g., first network device 506) .

The processing system 1010 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1015. The bus 1015 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1010 and the overall design constraints. The bus 1015 links together various circuits including one or more processors and/or hardware components, represented by the processor 1020, the illustrated components, and the computer-readable medium /memory 1025. The bus 1015 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and/or power management circuits.

The processing system 1010 may be coupled to a transceiver 1030. The transceiver 1030 is coupled to one or more antennas 1035. The transceiver 1030 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatuses over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1030 receives a signal from the one or more antennas 1035, extracts information from the received signal, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1010, specifically the reception component 902. In addition, the transceiver 1030 receives information from the processing system 1010, specifically the transmission component 904, and generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 1035 based at least in part on the received information.

The processing system 1010 includes a processor 1020 coupled to a computer-readable medium /memory 1025. The processor 1020 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium /memory 1025. The software, when executed by the processor 1020, causes the processing system 1010 to perform the various functions described herein for any particular apparatus. The computer-readable medium /memory 1025 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1020 when executing software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules running in the processor 1020, resident/stored in the computer readable medium /memory 1025, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1020, or some combination thereof.

In some aspects, the processing system 1010 may be a component of the network controller 130 and may include the memory 292 and/or the controller/processor 290. In some aspects, the apparatus 1005 for wireless communication includes means for receiving UE QoE information; means for receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and means for transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 900 and/or the processing system 1010 of the apparatus 1005 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1010 may include the controller/processor 290. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the controller/processor 290 configured to perform the functions and/or operations recited herein.

Fig. 10 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 10.

Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example 1100 of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus 1105, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1105 may be a network device (e.g., first network device 506) , or a network device may include the apparatus 1105.

As shown in Fig. 11, the apparatus 1105 may include circuitry for receiving UE QoE information (circuitry 1120) . For example, the circuitry 1120 may enable the apparatus 1105 to receive UE QoE information.

As shown in Fig. 11, the apparatus 1105 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1025, code for receiving UE QoE information (code 1125) . For example, the code 1125, when executed by processor 1020, may cause processor 1020 to cause transceiver 1030 to receive UE QoE information.

As shown in Fig. 11, the apparatus 1105 may include circuitry for receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (circuitry 1130) . For example, the circuitry 1130 may enable the apparatus 1105 to receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 11, the apparatus 1105 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1025, code for receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (code 1135) . For example, the code 1135, when executed by processor 1020, may cause processor 1020 to cause transceiver 1030 to receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 11, the apparatus 1105 may include circuitry for transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information (circuitry 1140) . For example, the circuitry 1140 may enable the apparatus 1105 to transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

As shown in Fig. 11, the apparatus 1105 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1025, code for transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information (code 1145) . For example, the code 1145, when executed by processor 1020, may cause processor 1020 to cause transceiver 1030 to transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Fig. 11 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 11.

Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1200 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1200 may be a network node (e.g., network node 504) , or a network node may include the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 includes a reception component 1202 and a transmission component 1204, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components) . As shown, the apparatus 1200 may communicate with another apparatus 1206 (such as a UE, a network node, a network device, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1202 and the transmission component 1204. As further shown, the apparatus 1200 may include the communication manager 150. The communication manager 150 may include one or more of a paging component 1208 or a determination component 1210, among other examples.

In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 5A-5C. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 700 of Fig. 7. In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 and/or one or more components shown in Fig. 12 may include one or more components of the network node 110 described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 12 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

The reception component 1202 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1206. The reception component 1202 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the network node 110 described in connection with Fig. 2.

The transmission component 1204 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1200 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1204 for transmission to the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the network node 110 described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may be co-located with the reception component 1202 in a transceiver.

The reception component 1202 and/or the paging component 1208 may receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service. The transmission component 1204 and/or the paging component 1208 may transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

The transmission component 1204 and/or the paging component 1208 may transmit the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1204 and/or the paging component 1208 may transmit the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1204 and/or the paging component 1208 may transmit the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE does not have a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1204 and/or the paging component 1208 may transmit the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is not associated with the broadcast service.

The determination component 1210 may determine to transmit the paging message based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 12 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 12. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 12 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 12 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 12 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 12.

Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example 1300 of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1305 employing a processing system 1310, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1305 may be a network node (e.g., network node 504) .

The processing system 1310 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1315. The bus 1315 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1310 and the overall design constraints. The bus 1315 links together various circuits including one or more processors and/or hardware components, represented by the processor 1320, the illustrated components, and the computer- readable medium /memory 1325. The bus 1315 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and/or power management circuits.

The processing system 1310 may be coupled to a transceiver 1330. The transceiver 1330 is coupled to one or more antennas 1335. The transceiver 1330 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatuses over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1330 receives a signal from the one or more antennas 1335, extracts information from the received signal, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1310, specifically the reception component 1202. In addition, the transceiver 1330 receives information from the processing system 1310, specifically the transmission component 1204, and generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 1335 based at least in part on the received information.

The processing system 1310 includes a processor 1320 coupled to a computer-readable medium /memory 1325. The processor 1320 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium /memory 1325. The software, when executed by the processor 1320, causes the processing system 1310 to perform the various functions described herein for any particular apparatus. The computer-readable medium /memory 1325 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1320 when executing software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules running in the processor 1320, resident/stored in the computer readable medium /memory 1325, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1320, or some combination thereof.

In some aspects, the processing system 1310 may be a component of the network node 110 and may include the memory 242 and/or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and/or the controller/processor 240. In some aspects, the apparatus 1305 for wireless communication includes means for receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and means for transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1200 and/or the processing system 1310 of the apparatus 1305 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1310 may include the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and/or the controller/processor 240. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and/or the controller/processor 240 configured to perform the functions and/or operations recited herein.

Fig. 13 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 13.

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example 1400 of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus 1405, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1405 may be a network node (e.g., network node 504) , or a network node may include the apparatus 1405.

As shown in Fig. 14, the apparatus 1405 may include circuitry for receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (circuitry 1420) . For example, the circuitry 1420 may enable the apparatus 1405 to receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 14, the apparatus 1405 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1325, code for receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service (code 1425) . For example, the code 1425, when executed by processor 1320, may cause processor 1320 to cause transceiver 1330 to receive a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 14, the apparatus 1405 may include circuitry for transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information (circuitry 1430) . For example, the circuitry 1430 may enable the apparatus 1405 to transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

As shown in Fig. 14, the apparatus 1405 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1325, code for transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information (code 1435) . For example, the code 1435, when executed by processor 1320, may cause processor 1320 to cause transceiver 1330 to transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Fig. 14 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 14.

Fig. 15 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1500 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1500 may be a UE (e.g., UE 502) , or a UE may include the apparatus 1500. In some aspects, the apparatus 1500 includes a reception component 1502 and a transmission component 1504, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components) . As shown, the apparatus 1500 may communicate with another apparatus 1506 (such as a UE, a network node, a network device, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1502 and the transmission component 1504. As further shown, the apparatus 1500 may include the communication manager 140. The communication manager 140 may include one or more of a paging component 1508 or an RRC connection component 1510, among other examples.

In some aspects, the apparatus 1500 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 5A-5C. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1500 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 800 of Fig. 8. In some aspects, the apparatus 1500 and/or one or more components shown in Fig. 15 may include one or more components of the UE 120 described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 15 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

The reception component 1502 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1506. The reception component 1502 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1500. In some aspects, the reception component 1502 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1500. In some aspects, the reception component 1502 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE 120 described in connection with Fig. 2.

The transmission component 1504 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1506. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1500 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1504 for transmission to the apparatus 1506. In some aspects, the transmission component 1504 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1506. In some aspects, the transmission component 1504 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE 120 described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1504 may be co-located with the reception component 1502 in a transceiver.

The reception component 1502 and/or the paging component 1508 may receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service. The transmission component 1504 and/or the paging component 1508 may transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1504 and/or the paging component 1508 may transmit the response message based at least in part on at least one of the UE not having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or the UE not having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1504 and/or the paging component 1508 may transmit the response message based at least in part on the UE not being associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1504 and/or the paging component 1508 may transmit the response message to a network node via a radio resource control message.

The transmission component 1504 and/or the paging component 1508 may transmit the response message to a network device via a non-access stratum message.

The RRC connection component 1510 may enter a radio resource control idle state based at least in part on transmitting the response message.

The transmission component 1504 and/or the RRC connection component 1510 may transmit the connection message based at least in part on at least one of the UE having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or the UE having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

The transmission component 1504 and/or the RRC connection component 1510 may transmit the connection message based at least in part on the UE being associated with the broadcast service.

The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 15 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 15. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 15 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 15 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 15 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 15.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example 1600 of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1605 employing a processing system 1610, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1605 may be a UE (e.g., UE 502) .

The processing system 1610 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1615. The bus 1615 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1610 and the overall design constraints. The bus 1615 links together various circuits including one or more processors and/or hardware components, represented by the processor 1620, the illustrated components, and the computer-readable medium /memory 1625. The bus 1615 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and/or power management circuits.

The processing system 1610 may be coupled to a transceiver 1630. The transceiver 1630 is coupled to one or more antennas 1635. The transceiver 1630 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatuses over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1630 receives a signal from the one or more antennas 1635, extracts information from the received signal, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1610, specifically the reception component 1502. In addition, the transceiver 1630 receives information from the processing system 1610, specifically the transmission component 1504, and generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 1635 based at least in part on the received information.

The processing system 1610 includes a processor 1620 coupled to a computer-readable medium /memory 1625. The processor 1620 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium /memory 1625. The software, when executed by the processor 1620, causes the processing system 1610 to perform the various functions described herein for any particular apparatus. The computer-readable medium /memory 1625 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1620 when executing software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules running in the processor 1620, resident/stored in the computer readable medium /memory 1625, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1620, or some combination thereof.

In some aspects, the processing system 1610 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include the memory 282 and/or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the receive processor 258, and/or the controller/processor 280. In some aspects, the apparatus 1605 for wireless communication includes means for receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service; and means for transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1500 and/or the processing system 1610 of the apparatus 1605 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1610 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the receive processor 258, and/or the controller/processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the receive processor 258, and/or the controller/processor 280 configured to perform the functions and/or operations recited herein.

Fig. 16 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 16.

Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example 1700 of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus 1705, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1705 may be a UE (e.g., UE 502) , or a UE may include the apparatus 1705.

As shown in Fig. 17, the apparatus 1705 may include circuitry for receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service (circuitry 1720) . For example, the circuitry 1720 may enable the apparatus 1705 to receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 17, the apparatus 1705 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1625, code for receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service (code 1725) . For example, the code 1725, when executed by processor 1620, may cause processor 1620 to cause transceiver 1630 to receive a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 17, the apparatus 1705 may include circuitry for transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service (circuitry 1730) . For example, the circuitry 1730 may enable the apparatus 1705 to transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

As shown in Fig. 17, the apparatus 1705 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1625, code for transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service (code 1735) . For example, the code 1735, when executed by processor 1620, may cause processor 1620 to cause transceiver 1630 to transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

Fig. 17 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 17.

The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:

Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed at a network device, comprising: receiving UE QoE information; receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the network device is associated with an access and mobility management function of a core network.

Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the QoE configuration information is received from another network device associated with a measurement collection entity.

Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 1-3, wherein the UE QoE information indicates at least one of: a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services, one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1-4, wherein the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of: a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

Aspect 6: The method of Aspect 5, wherein the MBS session information is associated with a temporary mobile group identifier associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on the UE QoE information.

Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, wherein transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on the QoE configuration information.

Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1-8, wherein transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on both the UE QoE information and the QoE configuration information.

Aspect 10: The method of any of Aspect 1-9, further comprising determining to transmit the paging request based at least in part on at least one of: the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Aspect 11: The method of any of Aspect 1-10, further comprising transmitting, to a network node, an indication of one or more QoE configurations associated with one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Aspect 12: A method of wireless communication performed at a network node, comprising: receiving a paging request indicating at least one of UE QoE information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.

Aspect 13: The method of Aspect 12, wherein the UE QoE information indicates at least one of: a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services, one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 12-13, wherein the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of: a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

Aspect 15: The method of Aspect 14, wherein the MBS session information is associated with a temporary mobile group identifier.

Aspect 16: The method of any of Aspects 12-15, wherein the paging request indicates the UE QoE information via a UE QoE information container.

Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 12-16, further comprising transmitting the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 18: The method of any of Aspects 12-17, further comprising transmitting the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 12-18, further comprising transmitting the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE does not have a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 20: The method of any of Aspects 12-19, further comprising transmitting the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is not associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 21: The method of any of Aspects 12-20, wherein the paging request indicates whether the network node should transmit the paging failure message based at least in part on the network node refraining from transmitting the paging message to the UE.

Aspect 22: The method of any of Aspects 12-21, further comprising determining to transmit the paging message based at least in part on at least one of: the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.

Aspect 23: A method of wireless communication performed at a user UE, comprising: receiving a paging message indicating QoE information associated with a broadcast service; and transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 24: The method of Aspect 23, wherein the QoE information associated with the broadcast service indicates at least one of: a QoE reference associated with a QoE configuration, an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection, MBS session information associated with the broadcast service, or a service type associated with the QoE configuration.

Aspect 25: The method of any of Aspects 23-24, further comprising transmitting the response message based at least in part on at least one of: the UE not having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or the UE not having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 26: The method of any of Aspects 23-25, further comprising transmitting the response message based at least in part on the UE not being associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 27: The method of any of Aspects 23-26, further comprising transmitting the response message to a network node via a radio resource control message.

Aspect 28: The method of any of Aspects 23-27, further comprising transmitting the response message to a network device via a non-access stratum message.

Aspect 29: The method of any of Aspects 23-28, further comprising entering a radio resource control idle state based at least in part on transmitting the response message.

Aspect 30: The method of any of Aspects 23-29, further comprising transmitting the connection message based at least in part on at least one of: the UE having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or the UE having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 31: The method of any of Aspects 23-30, further comprising transmitting the connection message based at least in part on the UE being associated with the broadcast service.

Aspect 32: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-11.

Aspect 33: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-11.

Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-11.

Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-11.

Aspect 36: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-11.

Aspect 37: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 12-22.

Aspect 38: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 12-22.

Aspect 39: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 12-22.

Aspect 40: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 12-22.

Aspect 41: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 12-22.

Aspect 42: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 23-31.

Aspect 43: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 23-31.

Aspect 44: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 23-31.

Aspect 45: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 23-31.

Aspect 46: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 23-31.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and/or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and/or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, since those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.

As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a +a+ c, a+b +b, a+ c + c, b +b, b +b +b, b +b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or anyother ordering of a, b, and c) .

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more. ” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B) . Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and/or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) .

Claims

A network device for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

one or more processors, coupled to the memory, configured to:

receive user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information;

receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
The network device of claim 1, wherein the network device is associated with an access and mobility management function of a core network.
The network device of claim 1, wherein the QoE configuration information is received from another network device associated with a measurement collection entity.
The network device of claim 1, wherein the UE QoE information indicates at least one of:

a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services,

one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or

one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
The network device of claim 1, wherein the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of:

a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration,

an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection,

multicast or broadcast service (MBS) session information associated with the broadcast service, or

a service type associated with the QoE configuration.
The network device of claim 5, wherein the MBS session information is associated with a temporary mobile group identifier associated with the broadcast service.
The network device of claim 1, wherein transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on the UE QoE information.
The network device of claim 1, wherein transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on the QoE configuration information.
The network device of claim 1, wherein transmitting the paging request is based at least in part on both the UE QoE information and the QoE configuration information.
The network device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine to transmit the paging request based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or

the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
The network device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit, to a network node, an indication of one or more QoE configurations associated with one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
A network node for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

one or more processors, coupled to the memory, configured to:

receive a paging request indicating at least one of user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the UE QoE information indicates at least one of:

a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services,

one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or

one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of:

a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration,

an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection,

multicast or broadcast service (MBS) session information associated with the broadcast service, or

a service type associated with the QoE configuration.
The network node of claim 14, wherein the MBS session information is associated with a temporary mobile group identifier.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the paging request indicates the UE QoE information via a UE QoE information container.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the paging message to the UE based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is associated with the broadcast service.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE does not have a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE is not associated with the broadcast service.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the paging request indicates whether the network node should transmit the paging failure message based at least in part on the network node refraining from transmitting the paging message to the UE.
The network node of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine to transmit the paging message based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or

the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:

a memory; and

one or more processors, coupled to the memory, configured to:

receive a paging message indicating quality of service (QoE) information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the QoE information associated with the broadcast service indicates at least one of:

a QoE reference associated with a QoE configuration,

an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection,

multicast or broadcast service (MBS) session information associated with the broadcast service, or

a service type associated with the QoE configuration.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the response message based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE not having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or

the UE not having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the response message based at least in part on the UE not being associated with the broadcast service.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the response message to a network node via a radio resource control message.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the response message to a network device via a non-access stratum message.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to enter a radio resource control idle state based at least in part on transmitting the response message.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the connection message based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or

the UE having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
The UE of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to transmit the connection message based at least in part on the UE being associated with the broadcast service.
A method of wireless communication performed at a network device, comprising:

receiving user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information;

receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
The method of claim 32, wherein the UE QoE information indicates at least one of:

a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services,

one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or

one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
The method of claim 32, wherein the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of:

a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration,

an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection,

multicast or broadcast service (MBS) session information associated with the broadcast service, or

a service type associated with the QoE configuration.
The method of claim 32, further comprising determining to transmit the paging request based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or

the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
A method of wireless communication performed at a network node, comprising:

receiving a paging request indicating at least one of user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
The method of claim 36, wherein the UE QoE information indicates at least one of:

a capability of the UE to perform QoE measurements associated with one or more broadcast services,

one or more interested broadcast services associated with the UE, or

one or more subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
The method of claim 36, wherein the QoE configuration information indicates at least one of:

a QoE reference associated with the QoE configuration,

an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection,

multicast or broadcast service (MBS) session information associated with the broadcast service, or

a service type associated with the QoE configuration.
The method of claim 36, further comprising transmitting the paging failure message to a network device based at least in part on the paging request indicating the UE does not have a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
The method of claim 36, further comprising determining to transmit the paging message based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE QoE information indicates the UE has a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service, or

the QoE configuration information includes broadcast session information indicating one or more interested or subscribed broadcast services associated with the UE.
A method of wireless communication performed at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

receiving a paging message indicating quality of service (QoE) information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.
The method of claim 41, wherein the QoE information associated with the broadcast service indicates at least one of:

a QoE reference associated with a QoE configuration,

an indication that the QoE configuration is associated with QoE collection,

multicast or broadcast service (MBS) session information associated with the broadcast service, or

a service type associated with the QoE configuration.
The method of claim 41, further comprising transmitting the response message based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE not having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or

the UE not having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
The method of claim 41, further comprising transmitting the connection message based at least in part on at least one of:

the UE having a capability to receive the broadcast service, or

the UE having a capability to perform a QoE measurement associated with the broadcast service.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising:

one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a network device, cause the network device to:

receive user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information;

receive QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmit a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising:

one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a network node, cause the network node to:

receive a paging request indicating at least one of user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmit one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising:

one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a user equipment (UE) , cause the UE to:

receive a paging message indicating quality of service (QoE) information associated with a broadcast service; and

transmit a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.
An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information;

means for receiving QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

means for transmitting a paging request based at least in part on at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving a paging request indicating at least one of user equipment (UE) quality of experience (QoE) information or QoE configuration information associated with a broadcast service; and

means for transmitting one of a paging message or a paging failure message based at least in part on the at least one of the UE QoE information or the QoE configuration information.
An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for receiving a paging message indicating quality of service (QoE) information associated with a broadcast service; and

means for transmitting a response message or a connection message based at least in part on the QoE information associated with the broadcast service.