WO2023229267A1 - 배터리 관리 장치 및 그것의 동작 방법 - Google Patents
배터리 관리 장치 및 그것의 동작 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023229267A1 WO2023229267A1 PCT/KR2023/006433 KR2023006433W WO2023229267A1 WO 2023229267 A1 WO2023229267 A1 WO 2023229267A1 KR 2023006433 W KR2023006433 W KR 2023006433W WO 2023229267 A1 WO2023229267 A1 WO 2023229267A1
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- battery
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- impedance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a battery management device and method of operating the same.
- Electric vehicles receive electricity from outside, charge the battery, and then obtain power by driving the motor with the voltage charged in the battery.
- Electric vehicle batteries can generate heat due to chemical reactions that occur during the charging and discharging process, and this heat can damage the performance and lifespan of the battery. Therefore, a battery management system (BMS) that monitors the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery is operated to diagnose and control the state of the battery.
- BMS battery management system
- the conventional battery management device has a problem in that it is difficult to detect the battery cell in which heat generation occurs inside the battery bank unless the temperature is measured by attaching a thermistor to each battery bank containing a plurality of battery cells. There is.
- DCR direct current resistance
- One object of the embodiments disclosed in this document is to provide a battery management device capable of determining the presence or absence of a defective battery cell within a battery bank based on the impedance of the battery bank obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery bank, and its The goal is to provide a method of operation.
- a battery management device applies a switch connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells and a control signal for repeatedly turning the switch on and off, and each of the plurality of battery banks Measure the voltage value and current value, and determine whether a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks are abnormal based on the alternating current impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks calculated based on the voltage value and current value.
- the controller may perform Fourier Transform on the voltage and current values of each of the plurality of battery banks to obtain the real and imaginary parts of the voltage and current values.
- the controller may obtain the imaginary part of the impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the real part and the imaginary part of the voltage value and the current value.
- the controller when the imaginary part of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds a pre-stored threshold, the controller detects at least one of the battery cells inside one of the plurality of battery banks. It can be determined that one heat-generating battery cell exists.
- the controller determines that the imaginary part of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks exceeds the critical error range of the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank connected in series with any one of the plurality of battery banks. In this case, it may be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists in at least one of the battery cells inside one of the plurality of battery banks.
- a method of operating a battery management device includes applying a control signal to repeatedly turn on and off a switch connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery banks Measuring each voltage value and current value, calculating the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage value and current value, and calculating the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks. It may include determining whether a plurality of battery cells included in each battery bank are abnormal.
- the step of calculating the alternating current impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage value and the current value is performed by Fourier transforming the voltage value and current value of each of the plurality of battery banks to obtain the voltage value and current value. You can obtain the real and imaginary parts of a value.
- the step of calculating the alternating current impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks based on the voltage value and the current value is based on the real part and the imaginary part of the voltage value and current value of each of the plurality of battery banks.
- the imaginary part of the impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks can be obtained.
- the step of determining whether a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks are abnormal based on the alternating current impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks includes: If the imaginary part of the impedance exceeds a pre-stored threshold, it may be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists in at least one of the battery cells inside one of the plurality of battery banks.
- the step of determining whether a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks are abnormal based on the alternating current impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks includes: If the imaginary part of the impedance exceeds the critical error range of the imaginary part of the impedance of a battery bank connected in series with any one of the plurality of battery banks, at least one of the battery cells inside any one of the plurality of battery banks It can be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists.
- the presence or absence of abnormal battery cells within the battery bank is determined based on the impedance of the battery bank obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery bank. You can judge.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a battery pack according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an implementation example of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in current and voltage values of a battery bank according to time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 4A is a Fourier transform graph of the current value of the battery bank according to the flow of time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 4B is a Fourier transform graph of the voltage value of the battery bank according to the flow of time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 4C is a graph showing the real and imaginary parts of the impedance of the battery bank according to the flow of time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in the imaginary part of the impedance of a battery bank according to a change in time frequency according to an embodiment described in this document.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method of operating a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system implementing a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a battery pack according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- a battery pack 1000 may include a battery module 100, a battery management device 200, and a relay 300.
- the battery module 100 may include a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. Although FIG. 1 shows a plurality of four battery banks, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the battery module 100 may be configured to include n (n is a natural number of 2 or more) battery banks.
- the battery module 100 may supply power to a target device (not shown). To this end, the battery module 100 may be electrically connected to the target device.
- the target device may include an electrical, electronic, or mechanical device that operates by receiving power from a battery pack 1000 including a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140, for example.
- the target device may be an electric vehicle (EV) or an energy storage system (ESS), but is not limited thereto.
- EV electric vehicle
- ESS energy storage system
- the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 may include a plurality of battery cells.
- a battery cell is the basic unit of a battery that can be used by charging and discharging electrical energy, including lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, lithium-ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) batteries, nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, and nickel hydrogen ( It may be a Ni-MH) battery, but it is not limited thereto.
- a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 may be connected in parallel.
- the battery module 100 may be comprised of a plurality of battery modules 100.
- a battery management system (BMS) 200 determines the lifespan of a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on temperature and voltage data of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. (SOH, State of Health) can be predicted.
- the battery management device 200 removes noise from battery data of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140, and configures the plurality of battery banks 110 for each battery temperature and charge/discharge rate based on the data from which the noise has been removed.
- 120, 130, 140 lifespan (SOH) can be predicted.
- the battery management device 200 may manage and/or control the status and/or operation of the battery module 100.
- the battery management device 200 may manage and/or control the status and/or operation of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 included in the battery module 100.
- the battery management device 200 may manage charging and/or discharging of the battery module 100.
- the battery management device 200 can monitor the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery module 100 and/or the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 included in the battery module 100. there is. Additionally, for monitoring by the battery management device, sensors or various measurement modules, not shown, may be additionally installed in the battery module 100, the charging/discharging path, or any other location in the battery module 100.
- the battery management device 200 may calculate parameters indicating the state of the battery module 100, for example, SOC (State of Charge) or SOH, based on monitored measured values such as voltage, current, and temperature.
- the battery management device 200 can control the operation of the relay 300. For example, the battery management device 200 may short-circuit the relay 300 to supply power to the target device. Additionally, the battery management device 200 may short-circuit the relay 300 when a charging device is connected to the battery pack 1000.
- the battery management device 200 may calculate cell balancing times for each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- the cell balancing time may be defined as the time required to balance battery cells.
- the battery management device 200 may calculate the cell balancing time based on the SOC, battery capacity, and balancing efficiency of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- the battery management device 200 may calculate the impedance of the battery bank based on data on various factors that change as the battery deteriorates.
- the battery management device 200 determines the impedance of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on data on various factors that change as the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 deteriorate.
- the presence or absence of abnormal battery cells within the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 can be determined by calculating the imaginary part of .
- the imaginary part of the battery's impedance is an indicator that can indicate whether the battery generates heat in an abnormal state compared to the normal state of the battery bank.
- the imaginary part of the impedance of a normal battery bank and an abnormal battery bank can be distinguished.
- the battery management device 200 detects abnormal battery cells within the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the voltage and current of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. The presence or absence of can be determined.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an implementation example of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- the battery management device 200 may include a switch 210, a controller 220, a first resistor 230, and a shunt resistor 240.
- the switch 210 may be connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells.
- the switch 210 may include, for example, a field effect transistor (FET).
- FET field effect transistor
- the switch 210 may receive a control signal from the controller 220 to repeatedly turn the switch 210 on and off.
- the switch 210 may be repeatedly turned on and off based on a control signal received from the controller 220.
- the switch 210 is repeatedly turned on and off and can transmit current in an alternating current waveform to a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- the first resistor 230 can control the flow of current inside the battery management device 200, thereby allowing the circuit inside the battery management device 200 to operate smoothly.
- the controller 220 may determine whether a defective battery cell exists within the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the battery data of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. . Specifically, the controller 220 determines the presence or absence of heat-generating battery cells within the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the battery data of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. can do.
- the controller 220 may generate a control signal to repeatedly turn the switch 210 on and off and apply it to the switch 210 .
- the controller 220 may measure the voltage value and current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 that receive the current of the alternating current waveform based on the switching operation of the switch 210.
- the controller 220 may measure the current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 using the shunt resistor 240.
- the shunt resistor 240 is a type of shunt resistor that is mainly used to measure current and has a very low resistance value.
- the shunt resistor 240 can measure the current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140, and the controller 220 can measure the current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, and 130 from the shunt resistor 240. , 140), each current value can be obtained.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in current and voltage values of a battery bank according to time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- the current of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 that receive the current of the alternating current waveform based on the control signal from the controller 220 is measured in the form of a square wave (square wave). You can. Additionally, the measurement waveform of the voltage value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 may fluctuate over time.
- the controller 220 calculates the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140, which is calculated based on the voltage and current values of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. It is possible to determine whether a plurality of battery cells included in each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 are abnormal.
- FIG. 4A is a Fourier transform graph of the current value of the battery bank according to the flow of time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- FIG. 4B is a Fourier transform graph of the voltage value of the battery bank according to the flow of time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- the controller 220 performs Fourier Transform (FT) on the voltage and current values of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 to form the plurality of battery banks 110. , 120, 130, 140)
- FT Fourier Transform
- the Fourier transform refers to a transformation that decomposes a time or space function into time or space frequency components.
- the controller 220 may decompose the voltage and current values according to time changes of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 into time-frequency components and convert them into complex numbers including a real part and an imaginary part. . That is, the controller 220 may derive waveforms of the real and imaginary parts of the voltage value and current value according to time changes for each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- FIG. 4C is a graph showing the real and imaginary parts of the impedance of the battery bank according to the flow of time and frequency according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- the controller 220 controls the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the real and imaginary parts of the voltage and current values of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. 140)
- the imaginary part of each impedance can be obtained.
- the controller 220 may calculate the impedance based on Ohm's Law used in RLC direct current circuits.
- 'V' stands for voltage
- 'I' stands for current
- 'R' stands for resistance
- 'Z' stands for impedance.
- Impedance is a value that impedes the flow of current when voltage is applied to a circuit.
- the impedance value can be expressed as the ratio of voltage (V) and current (I) in an AC circuit, and impedance in an AC circuit has a phase value, unlike the resistance used in a DC circuit.
- the real and imaginary parts of the impedance according to the change in time frequency of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 can be separately calculated by inputting the imaginary parts, respectively.
- the imaginary part of the impedance of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 may change depending on the temperature of the battery bank. While the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank has a constant value despite changes in time frequency, it may change depending on changes in the temperature of the battery bank.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in the imaginary part of the impedance of a battery bank according to a change in time frequency according to an embodiment described in this document.
- the graph shown in FIG. 5 represents the change in the imaginary part of the impedance of a battery bank including six battery cells 6P connected in parallel.
- the graph shown by the dotted line at the bottom in FIG. 5 shows the change in the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank measured when all six battery cells are at 20°C.
- the graph shown with a dotted line in the middle shows the change in the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank measured when one battery cell (1P) is at 60°C and the remaining five battery cells (5P) are at 20°C.
- the graph shown as a solid line represents the change in the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank measured when one battery cell (1P) is at 70°C and the remaining five battery cells (5P) are at 20°C.
- the controller 220 can diagnose temperature changes in a plurality of battery cells based on changes in the imaginary part of the impedance of the plurality of battery banks.
- the imaginary value of the alternating current impedance of the battery bank when heat generation occurs in one or more battery cells inside the battery bank is the imaginary value of the alternating current impedance of the battery bank composed of normal battery cells. It can be distinguished from Imaginary Value.
- the controller 220 may determine that a heat generation phenomenon has occurred in one of the plurality of battery cells inside the battery bank based on the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank.
- the controller 220 controls the plurality of batteries when the imaginary part of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 exceeds a pre-stored threshold. It may be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists in at least one of the battery cells inside one of the banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- the controller 220 determines that the imaginary part of the impedance of one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 is a critical error of the imaginary part of the impedance of the other battery bank connected in series. If the range is exceeded, it may be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists in at least one of the battery cells inside one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- the battery management device 200 determines the presence or absence of abnormal battery cells within the battery bank based on the impedance of the battery bank obtained by measuring the current and voltage of the battery bank. can be judged.
- the battery management device 200 can prevent thermal runaway of the battery bank in advance by detecting abnormal battery cells within the battery bank in advance while the battery bank is operating.
- the battery bank when detecting abnormal battery cells using a DC resistance meter of an existing battery bank, the battery bank had to be charged and discharged with a large current of 1C or more, so there was a problem that large equipment such as a cycler, a large current charger, was needed, but a battery management device (200) generates and applies an alternating current waveform through switching to the battery bank, thereby reducing costs by eliminating the need for large equipment.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method of operating a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- the method of operating the battery management device includes sending a control signal to repeatedly turn on and off a switch 210 connected to a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 including a plurality of battery cells.
- Applying (S101), measuring the voltage and current values of each of the plurality of battery banks (110, 120, 130, 140) (S102), measuring the voltage and current values of the plurality of battery banks (110, 110) based on the voltage and current values.
- 120, 130, 140) calculating the AC impedance of each (S103) and calculating the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks (110, 120, 130, 140) based on the AC impedance of each of the plurality of battery banks (110, 120, 130, 140).
- It may include a step (S104) of determining whether a plurality of battery cells included in each battery cell are abnormal.
- the switch 210 may receive a control signal from the controller 220 to repeatedly turn the switch 210 on and off.
- the switch 210 may be connected to a plurality of battery banks including a plurality of battery cells.
- Switch 210 may include, for example, a field effect transistor (FET).
- the switch 210 may be repeatedly turned on and off based on a control signal received from the controller 220.
- the switch 210 is repeatedly turned on and off and can transmit current in an alternating current waveform to a plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- step S101 the controller 220 may generate a control signal for repeatedly turning the switch 210 on and off and apply it to the switch 210.
- step S102 the controller 220 can measure the voltage value and current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 that receive the current of the alternating current waveform based on the switching operation of the switch 210. there is.
- step S103 the controller 220 performs Fourier transform on the voltage value and current value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 to obtain the voltage value of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140. And the real and imaginary parts of the current value can be obtained.
- the Fourier transform refers to a transformation that decomposes a time or space function into time or space frequency components.
- step S103 the controller 220 decomposes the voltage and current values according to time changes of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 into time-frequency components and converts them into complex numbers including a real part and an imaginary part. It can be converted.
- the controller 220 may derive real and imaginary part waveforms of the voltage value and current value according to time changes for each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- step S103 the controller 220 controls the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 based on the real and imaginary parts of the voltage and current values of each of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- the imaginary part of each impedance can be obtained.
- the controller 220 may calculate the impedance based on Ohm's law used in the RLC DC circuit.
- the controller 220 may diagnose a change in temperature of a plurality of battery cells based on a change in the imaginary part of the impedance of the plurality of battery cells.
- the imaginary value of the alternating current impedance when heat generation occurs in one or more battery cells inside the battery bank can be distinguished from the imaginary value of the alternating current impedance of the battery bank composed of normal battery cells.
- step S104 the controller 220 may determine that a heat generation phenomenon has occurred in one of the plurality of battery cells within the battery bank based on the imaginary part of the impedance of the battery bank.
- step S104 the controller 220 determines if the imaginary part of the impedance of any one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 exceeds a pre-stored threshold. , it may be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists in at least one of the battery cells inside one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- step S104 the controller 220 determines that the imaginary part of the impedance of one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140 is the imaginary part of the impedance of the other battery bank connected in series. If the value exceeds the critical error range, it may be determined that a heat-generating battery cell exists in at least one of the battery cells inside one of the plurality of battery banks 110, 120, 130, and 140.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system implementing a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.
- the computing system 2000 may include an MCU 2100, a memory 2200, an input/output I/F 2300, and a communication I/F 2400. there is.
- the MCU 2100 executes various programs (for example, a battery bank impedance calculation program) stored in the memory 2200, processes various data through these programs, and operates the battery management device shown in FIG. 1 described above ( It may be a processor that performs the functions of 200).
- programs for example, a battery bank impedance calculation program
- It may be a processor that performs the functions of 200).
- the memory 2200 may store various programs related to the operation of the battery management device 200. Additionally, the memory 2200 may store operating data of the battery management device 200.
- the memory 2200 may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory.
- the memory 2200 as a volatile memory may use RAM, DRAM, SRAM, etc.
- the memory 2200 as a non-volatile memory may be ROM, PROM, EAROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, etc.
- the examples of memories 2200 listed above are merely examples and are not limited to these examples.
- the input/output I/F 2300 is an interface that connects input devices such as a keyboard, mouse, and touch panel (not shown) and output devices such as a display (not shown) and the MCU 2100 to transmit and receive data. can be provided.
- the communication I/F 2400 is a component that can transmit and receive various data with a server, and may be various devices that can support wired or wireless communication. For example, programs or various data for resistance measurement and abnormality diagnosis can be transmitted and received from a separately provided external server through the communication I/F 2400.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 복수의 배터리 셀을 포함하는 복수의 배터리 뱅크와 연결되는 스위치; 및상기 스위치를 반복적으로 온오프시키기 위한 제어신호를 인가하고, 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 전압값 및 전류값을 측정하고, 상기 전압값 및 전류값을 기초로 연산되는 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각에 포함된 복수의 배터리 셀의 이상 여부를 판단하는 컨트롤러를 포함하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 컨트롤러는 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 전압값 및 전류값을 푸리에 변환(Fourier Transform)하여 상기 전압값 및 전류값의 실수부와 허수부를 획득하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제2 항에 있어서,상기 컨트롤러는 상기 전압값 및 전류값의 실수부와 허수부를 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각 각각의 임피던스의 허수부를 획득하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 컨트롤러는 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 배터리 뱅크의 임피던스의 허수부가 기 저장된 임계값을 초과하는 경우, 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 내부의 배터리 셀 중 적어도 어느 하나에 발열 배터리 셀이 존재하는 것으로 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1 항에 있어서,상기 컨트롤러는 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 배터리 뱅크의 임피던스의 허수부가 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나와 직렬 연결된 배터리 뱅크의 임피던스의 허수부 값의 임계 오차 범위를 초과하는 경우, 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 내부의 배터리 셀 중 적어도 어느 하나에 발열 배터리 셀이 존재하는 것으로 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 복수의 배터리 셀을 포함하는 복수의 배터리 뱅크와 연결되는 스위치를 반복적으로 온오프시키기 위한 제어신호를 인가하는 단계;상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 전압값 및 전류값을 측정하는 단계;상기 전압값 및 전류값을 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 연산하는 단계; 및상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각에 포함된 복수의 배터리 셀의 이상 여부를 판단하는 단계를 포함하는 배터리 관리 장치의 동작 방법.
- 제6 항에 있어서,상기 전압값 및 전류값을 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 연산하는 단계는상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 전압값 및 전류값을 푸리에 변환하여 상기 전압값 및 전류값의 실수부와 허수부를 획득하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치의 동작 방법.
- 제7 항에 있어서,상기 전압값 및 전류값을 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 연산하는 단계는상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 전압값 및 전류값의 실수부와 허수부를 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각 각각의 임피던스의 허수부를 획득하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치의 동작 방법.
- 제6 항에 있어서,상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각에 포함된 복수의 배터리 셀의 이상 여부를 판단하는 단계는상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 배터리 뱅크의 임피던스의 허수부가 기 저장된 임계값을 초과하는 경우, 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 내부의 배터리 셀 중 적어도 어느 하나에 발열 배터리 셀이 존재하는 것으로 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치의 동작 방법.
- 제6 항에 있어서,상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각의 교류 임피던스를 기초로 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 각각에 포함된 복수의 배터리 셀의 이상 여부를 판단하는 단계는상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 배터리 뱅크의 임피던스의 허수부가 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나와 직렬 연결된 배터리 뱅크의 임피던스의 허수부 값의 임계 오차 범위를 초과하는 경우, 상기 복수의 배터리 뱅크 중 어느 하나의 내부의 배터리 셀 중 적어도 어느 하나에 발열 배터리 셀이 존재하는 것으로 판단하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치의 동작 방법.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23812041.4A EP4451418A4 (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-11 | Battery management device and operation method thereof |
| JP2024543545A JP2025503928A (ja) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-11 | バッテリー管理装置及びその動作方法 |
| CN202380016854.6A CN118541847A (zh) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-11 | 电池管理装置及其操作方法 |
| US18/729,838 US20250116717A1 (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-11 | Battery management apparatus and operating method thereof |
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| KR10-2022-0064229 | 2022-05-25 | ||
| KR1020220064229A KR20230164461A (ko) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 그것의 동작 방법 |
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| US (1) | US20250116717A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4451418A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2025503928A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR20230164461A (ko) |
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| DE102019133921A1 (de) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren, Vorrichtung, System, Elektrofahrzeug, Computerprogramm und Speichermedium zum Laden oder Entladen einer Zelle eines elektrischen Energiespeichers |
| KR20250088213A (ko) * | 2023-12-08 | 2025-06-17 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 진단 장치 및 그것의 동작 방법 |
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- 2022-05-25 KR KR1020220064229A patent/KR20230164461A/ko active Pending
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2023
- 2023-05-11 JP JP2024543545A patent/JP2025503928A/ja active Pending
- 2023-05-11 US US18/729,838 patent/US20250116717A1/en active Pending
- 2023-05-11 WO PCT/KR2023/006433 patent/WO2023229267A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-11 CN CN202380016854.6A patent/CN118541847A/zh active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2025503928A (ja) | 2025-02-06 |
| CN118541847A (zh) | 2024-08-23 |
| KR20230164461A (ko) | 2023-12-04 |
| US20250116717A1 (en) | 2025-04-10 |
| EP4451418A1 (en) | 2024-10-23 |
| EP4451418A4 (en) | 2025-06-11 |
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