WO2023218155A1 - Plateforme d'entraînement - Google Patents
Plateforme d'entraînement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023218155A1 WO2023218155A1 PCT/FR2023/050695 FR2023050695W WO2023218155A1 WO 2023218155 A1 WO2023218155 A1 WO 2023218155A1 FR 2023050695 W FR2023050695 W FR 2023050695W WO 2023218155 A1 WO2023218155 A1 WO 2023218155A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- surgical
- surgical training
- tool
- module
- haptic controller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/30—Surgical robots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/76—Manipulators having means for providing feel, e.g. force or tactile feedback
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/285—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B2034/101—Computer-aided simulation of surgical operations
- A61B2034/102—Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
- A61B2034/104—Modelling the effect of the tool, e.g. the effect of an implanted prosthesis or for predicting the effect of ablation or burring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/364—Correlation of different images or relation of image positions in respect to the body
- A61B2090/365—Correlation of different images or relation of image positions in respect to the body augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/02—Operational features
- A61B2560/0223—Operational features of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modular surgical training platform.
- the present invention therefore lies in the field of educational and teaching tools, methods and materials. More particularly, the invention relates to a training device for a surgical procedure, intended for the training of surgeons.
- the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a safe, practical, precise, realistic, easy to use and readily available training device, making it possible to give any surgical student a chance to train in an environment safe without any risk of injury to yourself, a patient or an animal.
- This invention therefore relates to a modular surgical training platform configured to interface a virtual environment comprising at least one virtual surgical element, the training platform comprising a virtual reality display device configured to display, to a user, the virtual environment, a calibration module connected to the virtual reality display device, at least one training module, each training module comprising a haptic controller, a control system configured to identify the different modules connected to each other , generate the virtual environment, interface each mobile virtual surgical element of the virtual environment with a corresponding real element.
- the invention is characterized in that all of the modules are configured to be fixed to each other in a reversible manner in a known configuration.
- each haptic controller comprises a connection system configured to mechanically connect, in a reversible manner, a surgical training tool, each haptic controller being, in addition, configured to measure each movement in space of the surgical training tool once it is connected to the haptic controller.
- the control system further comprises a system for recognizing the surgical training tool configured to obtain identification information specific to the connected surgical training tool, and communicate the identification information to the control system, so that the control system recognizes each surgical training tool connected to the haptic controller.
- the control system generates a virtual image of each surgical training tool connected to the haptic controller.
- the invention is also characterized in that the control system is configured to receive and analyze data linked to the movement(s) of each surgical training tool connected to the haptic controller, and reproduce each movement of the tool surgical trainer connected to the haptic controller in a corresponding virtual movement of its virtual image in the virtual environment.
- the invention is finally characterized in that each virtual movement is made visible to the user by the display device.
- the calibration module can be placed on the right so as not to hinder their movements.
- the freedom of arrangement of surgical tools also corresponds more to the reality of the surgical exercise. Indeed, in real conditions, the practitioner can place his tools as he wishes to facilitate his work.
- the physical connection allows the identification of the different modules and/or the transmission of information on the movement of the haptic elements.
- the specific identification information may be a voltage measured at a voltage divider bridge specific to the connected surgical tool.
- the specific identification information may be contained in an electronic component such as an electronic chip.
- the platform according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately from each other or combined with each other: the control system may comprise: o a unit of measurement configured for:
- ⁇ collect movement data from the connected surgical training tool, o a central unit configured to:
- each module can include a base having a specific shape, the shapes of the different bases of the different modules being complementary to each other, so as to obtain a stable and adapted interlocking of the different modules between them
- the connection system of the haptic controller can make it possible to connect at least two different surgical training tools
- the system of connection may comprise at least one key-lock type locking connector configured to be attached to the haptic controller and to any surgical training tool so as to ensure their removable connection
- the connection system may comprise a first connector attached to the haptic controller and configured to removably cooperate with a corresponding second connector attached to the surgical training tool
- the haptic controller of the training module may include a pivoting arm robot, the pivoting arm robot having a free end for cooperating with the connection system
- the control system may further be configured to generate a feedback signal enabling the
- the present invention also relates to a surgical training kit comprising a modular surgical training platform according to any one of the technical characteristics listed above and at least one surgical training tool configured to be connected to the haptic controller of the platform.
- Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of a dismantled platform according to the present invention
- Figure 2 is an overall perspective view of a disassembled platform according to the present invention, shown with two different surgical training tools each of which can be connected to the platform,
- Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 from a different angle
- Figure 4A is a perspective view of a training platform mounted according to the invention, connected to a surgical training tool, comprising a single training module,
- Figure 4B is a perspective view of a training platform mounted according to the invention, comprising two training modules, connected to two surgical training modules,
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a kit according to the present invention, manipulated by a user according to a first embodiment
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of a kit according to the present invention, manipulated by a user according to a second embodiment
- Figure 7 is an exploded view of a drive module
- Figure 8A is a perspective view of a calibration element associated with the display device according to the invention.
- FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the calibration module
- Figure 9A is a perspective view of a haptic controller connector according to the invention.
- FIG. 9B is a perspective view of a surgical training tool connector according to the invention.
- Figure 10 is a perspective view of a surgical training tool
- Figure 11 is a perspective view of an example of virtual environment according to the invention
- Figure 12 is a perspective view of an example of an anatomical module according to the invention.
- Figure 13 is a perspective view of an example of a storage module according to the invention.
- Figures 14A and 14B are perspective views of an example of a complementary tool module according to the invention.
- the present invention relates to a modular surgical training platform 10 configured to interface a virtual environment 100 comprising at least one mobile virtual surgical element 102 (see Figure 11).
- This virtual environment also includes a virtual patient 104 and different decorative elements 106.
- a user manipulating the modular platform 10 interacts with the virtual environment 100 in which all kinds of surgical operations are possible.
- the modular platform 10 comprises: a virtual reality display device 12 configured to show/display, to the user, the virtual environment 100, a calibration module 14 connected to the virtual display device 12, configured to align the virtual environment 100 with the physical reality of a user manipulating the platform 10 according to the present invention, at least one training module 16, each module d drive comprising a haptic controller 18, a control system 20.
- the modular platform 10 may further comprise one or more optional modules 21, 23, 25: at least one anatomical module 21 (see Figure 12), at least one additional tool module 23 (see Figures 14A and 14B), at least one storage module 25 (see Figure 13).
- the display device 12 forms the link between the different training modules 16, the possible anatomical modules 21, additional tooling 23, storage 25 (optional modules 21, 32 , 25) and the virtual environment 100.
- the training module(s) 16 and the possible optional modules 21, 23, 25 is/are the only element(s) manipulated by the user and the rendering of these manipulations is only visible in the virtual environment 100.
- module designates an independent functional element forming a clearly delimited and defined object, separable from the other independent functional elements which also each form a clearly delimited and defined object.
- Each module can thus be considered as an autonomous entity from a functional point of view, that is to say that each module ensures a specific functionality and is designed to ensure it directly when connected with the drive module. 16 directly or indirectly.
- Each module is thus mechanically self-sufficient to perform the function for which it is designed, even if each module requires power to be supplied to be usable and the modules only work once connected to each other.
- Each module 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 is composed of different parts or elements, for example plastic, assembled together, so as to constitute this autonomous unit.
- two or more drive modules 16 can be found and each of these drive modules 16 can operate without the other. This is also true for possible anatomical modules 21, additional tools 23, storage 25.
- Each drive module 16 is thus an autonomous entity comprising several parts or elements made of plastic (or made of other material) assembled together. These parts can be 3D printed. All of these parts and elements will be described as the present description progresses, in relation to the different functionalities and technicalities of the console 10 according to the present invention.
- the calibration module 14 will be detailed below in this description.
- the at least one anatomical module 21 is an autonomous entity according to the definition above representing and/or reconstituting in 3D all or part of an anatomical part of a patient.
- Each anatomical module 21 is designed to allow tactile feedback and even, depending on the embodiments, haptic feedback, when the user interacts with it.
- Each anatomical module 21 may include one or more elements made of silicone, for example.
- Each anatomical module 21 makes it possible to give the user the illusion of interacting with an external or internal anatomical part of a patient. For example, it may be interesting, in the case of a simulation of cosmetic surgery on the lips of a patient, that the user can also interact with a reproduction of the nose of said patient. This allows the user to better understand the simulated face of the operated patient.
- the at least one anatomical module 21 makes it possible to materialize an organ close to the area to be operated on.
- the at least one anatomical module 21 can be positioned so as to alter, limit and/or hinder the movements of the user when the latter interacts with the haptic controller 18 of a module training module 16. This discomfort makes it possible to reinforce realism when using the console 10.
- the at least one anatomical module 21 can also be positioned above a training module 16 and simulate the skin of a patient.
- the at least one complementary tool module 23 may comprise all or part of a tool likely to be present in an operating theater or all or part of a surgical tool necessary during a specific surgical intervention but which does not intervene directly on the body of the patient in the simulation, such as for example: the regulation dial of a gas injector during a post laparoscopic intervention check, or the syringe used to inject a liquid by catheter into the body of a patient, etc. (see figures 14A and 14B)
- each mobile virtual surgical element 102 and each virtual movement of each of these mobile virtual surgical elements 102 present in the virtual environment 100 is made visible to the user by the display device 12.
- the display device 12 (visible in Figures 5 and 6) can be a fixed element in space (such as a screen) or a mobile element in space, for example, configured to be carried by the user during the surgical operation.
- the display device 12 may include several displays, allowing several users to view the virtual environment 100.
- the different displays may be mobile or fixed.
- the display system 12 can be a screen placed on a surface near or at a distance from the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25.
- the display device 12 may be a virtual reality headset, adjustable to the user and capable of providing audio feedback. More specifically, it may be an HP reverb® headset with two screens with a resolution of 2160x2160 pixels. Each screen has a display frequency of 90 Hz.
- the display device 12 is connected to the control system 20 preferably by a cable (for example a displayport or HDMI cable).
- the display device 12 is associated with a mobile calibration tool 22 (see Figure 8B).
- the mobile calibration tool 22 can take the form of a classic joystick as for example illustrated in Figure 8B but it can also take a different shape.
- the calibration module 14 is, like all the other modules of this invention, an independent part shown in Figure 8A. As visible in Figure 8B, the calibration module 14 includes a footprint 24 complementary to the mobile calibration tool 22. Thus, the calibration module 14 makes it possible to position the mobile calibration tool 22 associated with the display device 12 at a known and fixed distance from the drive module 16, in particular from the haptic controller 18 thereof (see Figure 4A).
- the calibration module 14 is preferably made of plastic. It is preferably printed in 3D. As with the drive modules 16, the calibration module 14 may include magnets, as will be explained in detail. lower.
- the calibration module 14 can also be provided with an electrical connector allowing the connection of an electronic circuit for identifying the calibration module 14 by the control system 20. For this, the same device comprising a voltage divider bridge is used. than that used for the key-lock connector of the haptic controller 18, which will be described a little below. The identification of the different modules will be detailed later.
- the haptic controller 18 makes it possible to know the position and relative orientation of an object attached to it (see below), we then obtain the position and orientation of this object relative to the tool. mobile calibration 22.
- the calibration module 14 also makes it possible to locate the user in relation to the drive module 16 and the possible anatomical modules 21, additional tools 23, storage 25. Furthermore, the position of the mobile calibration tool 22 relative to the display device 12 being known, we can then know the position and orientation of the object connected to the haptic controller 18 in relation to the user who wears the display device 12 (see Figures 5 and 6).
- the different drive modules 16 connected to each other or to the calibration module 14 and the possible optional modules 21, 23, 25 can be positioned and located by the display device 12, given that a Once the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 are connected to each other, they are all at a fixed and known distance from the calibration module 14 and therefore from the mobile calibration tool 22 (see Figures 4A and 4B).
- the possible identification of the different modules 16, 21, 23, 25 through an electronic or computer system can make it possible to know this distance in a “plug and play” manner.
- the mobile calibration tool 22 associated with the display device 12 serves as a calibration reference for each training module, therefore each haptic controller 18 and therefore each of the physical elements manipulated by the user of the platform 10 .
- a “plug and play” connection thus describes a connection that is made with a single gesture.
- a shock can lead to untimely movement of the drive module(s) 16 (or possible optional modules 21, 23, 25) and therefore of the calibration module 14 which is connected there, in relation to the display system 12. This can lead to a break in calibration between the virtual environment 100 and the position of the user.
- an electronic system comprising an accelerometer making it possible, on the one hand, to detect this type of unwanted movement and, on the other hand, to adapt the digital positioning of the virtual environment 100 to the new position of the calibration module 14 with the mobile calibration tool 22.
- the different drive modules 16 can be connected together, so as to form a control console 26 (see Figure 4B).
- the control console 26 thus comprises at least one drive module 16 (see Figure 2).
- the control console 26 may also include one or more of the optional modules 21, 23, 25.
- the different modules 16, 21, 23, 25 of the control console 26 are connected, directly or indirectly to each other. More particularly, all of the modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 are configured to be fixed to each other in a reversible manner in a known configuration (see Figures 4A and 4B). This allows the modularity of the platform 10 according to the invention.
- the drive module(s) 16 (and any optional modules 21, 23, 25) forming the control console 26 can be either connected directly to each other, or connected to each other by means of spacing modules 28 (see Figures 4A and 4B).
- the spacing modules 28 are preferably made of plastic and are preferably produced by 3D printing, layer deposition or sintering. According to other embodiments, they can be manufactured by molding or other process subsequently.
- the spacing modules 28 are connection parts making it possible to create a known spacing (hence a positioning) between the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 of the platform 10.
- Each spacing module 28 within the pilot console 26 has its own shape, which may be unique or similar to that of another spacing module 28 of the pilot console 26.
- Each calibration module 14 or drive 16 or optional 21, 23, 25 or spacing module 28 comprises for this purpose, a base 30 having a specific shape (see Figure 7).
- the shapes of the different bases 30 of the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 are complementary to each other, so as to obtain a stable and suitable nesting of the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 between them.
- the known appearance of the bases 30 of the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 makes it easy to determine the relative position of the modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 28 in space.
- a spacing module 28 makes it possible to position different modules 16, 21, 23, 25 of the control console 26 at different heights. More precisely, the at least one spacing module 28 is configured to arrange two modules 16, 21, 23, 25 on separate horizontal planes.
- control console 26 extending along three dimensions in space.
- the calibration 14, drive 16 and optional modules 21, 23, 25 are connected to each other by means of the spacing modules 28 in order to increase the stability of the control console 26 and the platform 10 in whole when assembled.
- each base 30 of each module 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 comprises at least one magnet 32 intended to cooperate with a corresponding magnet 32 of a base 30 of a module 14, 16, 21, 23 , 25 28 complementary, thus forming a magnetic connection point.
- the magnets 32 are grouped in threes at each magnetic connection point.
- the polarity of the magnets 32 is chosen so that the spacer modules 28 and the other modules (calibration modules 14, drive modules 16 and optional modules 21, 23, 25) attract each other.
- the presence of a magnetic interlocking system makes it possible to stabilize the interlocking between the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 and to limit untimely disengagement in the event of user clumsiness or involuntary shaking.
- the physical connection can, in addition, include an electronic connector 34 allowing electronic communication between the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 and the control system 20 (see Figures 1, 2, 7 and 8A and 12, 13, 14B).
- each spacing module 28 can accommodate at the level of each magnetic connection point, in addition, an electronic connector 34 intended to cooperate with an electronic connector of the base 30 of the calibration modules 14 and/or drive 16 and/or optional 21, 23, 25.
- Electronic communication between the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 is therefore ensured that the calibration 14 and drive 16 modules and any optional modules 21, 23, 25 are connected together directly or by means of a module spacing 28.
- Electronic communication is also ensured between the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 in the case where the control console 26 extends in 3D and all its modules 16, 21, 23 , 25 are not arranged on the same plane. This electronic communication allows, in particular, the passage of current.
- Each electronic connector 34 can be connected to a cable to connect the electronic connector of the corresponding connected module.
- These electronic connectors 34 can, for example, take the form of spring-mounted/retractable pin connectors.
- each electronic connector 34 associated with a drive module 16 comprises for example, a voltage divider bridge generating a voltage specific to each drive module 16 ( and each possible optional module 21, 23, 25). This makes it possible to identify each drive module 16 and each possible optional module 21, 23, 25 by reading the voltage generated by the voltage divider bridge, in the case where this identification takes place electronically.
- the electronic connector 34 is part of a more complex electronic circuit capable of engaging in digital communication (for example meeting the “U ART” standard). [0038] Numerous technologies making it possible to identify physical modules connected to each other using electronic means exist, but they are however not used in a virtual reality framework for surgical education.
- this electronic connection allows the control system 20: the identification of the modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 by the control system 20, and/or the transmission of movement information from the haptic controller 18 (see below).
- this electronic connection may include a USB cable which connects the haptic controller 18 to the control system 20.
- This cable may be external to the drive module 16.
- the identification of the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 by the control system 20 can be done in two ways: by so-called “electronic” means ("hardware + software”) or by so-called “software” (“software + directives”).
- the so-called “electronic” route will be detailed below and some examples will be cited.
- the identification of modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 by so-called “software” means is based on the preprogramming of software of the control system 20 and the direction of the user during assembly of the control console.
- control 26 for example by means of an assembly manual which assigns a precise place to each module in the control console 26. This allows the assembly of the control console 26 by the user to place each module in a consistent position with software preprogramming.
- the software includes all the connection and layout information of the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 between them, and thus makes it possible to map the control console 26 and to correctly decipher the information collected and send the correct information at a good place.
- the electronic connection allows the control system 20 to identify the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 of the control console 26.
- the control system 20 comprises a microcontroller itself electrically connected, through the connectors 34 and potentially the spacing modules 28, to the calibration modules 14 and drive 16 and possible optional modules 21, 23, 25.
- the different calibration 14 and/or drive 16 and/or optional modules 21, 23, 25 integrate a system voltage divider.
- the microcontroller then reads the voltage and is able to identify the module(s) 14, 16, 21, 23, 25 which respond(s) with this voltage.
- the calibration 14 and/or drive 16 and/or optional 21, 23, 25 modules each include an electronic card 42 allowing digital communication with the microcontroller of the drive module 16. They identify themselves and are capable of exchanging information concerning a user action but also feedback to the user of the control system 20 (we can imagine for example a module which lights up in red if an error is made in handling).
- each drive module 16 comprises a haptic controller 18.
- Each haptic controller 18 includes a connection system 35 configured to mechanically connect, in a reversible manner, a surgical training tool 36.
- control console 26 can include at least one storage module 25.
- Each storage module 25 has a footprint 360 of one or several surgical training tools 36 in order to be able to store the corresponding surgical training tool(s) 36 there. Thus all of the surgical training tools 36 necessary for the user to complete the surgical simulation are stored nearby.
- Each impression 360 may be provided with a connection system intended to interact with the corresponding surgical training tool 36 in order to allow the control system 20 to locate said surgical training tool 36 when it is stored.
- the surgical training kit thus formed (see Figures 5 and 6), therefore comprises a modular surgical training platform 16 according to the present invention and at least one surgical training tool 36 configured to be connected to the haptic controller 18 of said platform 10.
- the kit according to the present invention may include two types of surgical training tools: so-called “simple” tools and so-called “complex” tools.
- Complex tools are complex electronic tools that incorporate a microcontroller capable of communicating directly with the control system 20.
- These surgical training tools 36 are modified surgical tools or copies thereof.
- the simulation enabled by the platform 10 according to the present invention thus matches all or part of the physical actions to which these objects are subjected with the behaviors of the virtual twins in the virtual environment 100 displayed by the display device 12 (see Figures 5 and 6).
- the haptic controller 18 of each drive module 16 comprises a robot with a pivoting arm, the robot with a pivoting arm having a free end intended to cooperate with the system connection 35.
- connection system 35 of the haptic controller 18 is universal, in the sense that it makes it possible to connect at least two different surgical training tools 36 (see Figure 2).
- the connection system 35 comprises at least one locking connector 35a of the key-lock type configured to be fixed to the haptic controller 18 and to any surgical training tool 36 so as to ensure their removable connection (see figures 3, 9A and 9B).
- the connectors 35a, 35b also allow transmission of rotation along the axis of the end of the haptic controller 18 towards the drive module 16.
- connection system 35 comprises two key-lock type locking connectors 35a, 35b: a first connector 35a fixed to the haptic controller 18 and configured to cooperate removably with a second corresponding connector 35b fixed to the surgical training tool 36.
- the two connectors 35a, 35b can both be fixed reversibly, either to the haptic controller 18 or to the surgical training tool 36.
- the two connectors 35a, 35b are obtained by 3D printing or by layer deposition , or by sintering
- Figure 9 A represents the first connector 35a (here the lock) of the haptic controller 18
- Figure 9B represents the second connector 35b (here the key) intended to cooperate with the surgical training tool 36.
- Fixing the first connector 35a on the haptic controller 18 can be done in several ways. In the case of illustration 9A, a jack interface already present originally on the haptic controller 18 was used to fix it. In other embodiments, one could consider sticking the first connector 35a or adapting to another haptic controller 18 by creating a form of interface specific to the latter.
- the second connector 35b is preferably fixed by gluing to the surgical training tool 36. This mainly involves bonding at the distal stem of the surgical driving tool 36.
- the 3D model of the second connector 35b is adapted by providing, on the face not visible in FIG. 9B, a drilling corresponding to the end of the distal rod 360 of the surgical driving tool 36. Then the distal rod is glued into the second connector 35b by means, for example, of epoxy.
- This manufacturing process is not the only one that is implemented.
- the connection 35 of the lock key type, ensures a collinearity constraint along the axis 36 and the haptic controller 18) are therefore completely constrained in all directions.
- connection system 35 can comprise, on each side of the “key-lock” system at least one magnet 38 (see figure 9A, 9B).
- the magnets 38 used are cubic magnets having a magnetization force of 1.1 kg. This value allows both solidity of the attachment but also easy disconnection of the surgical training tool 36, with the desired aim of creating a “plug and play” interface.
- the magnets 38 provide a contact constraint between the two connectors 35a, 35b. As mentioned above, the two connectors 35a, 35b are completely constrained in all directions, except the direction collinear with F axis of the end of the haptic controller 18.
- the magnetization therefore makes it possible to constrain/maintain the connection also in this direction .
- the breaking force of this constraint (and therefore breaking the “key-lock” connection) is weaker along the X axis because the force of the magnets 38 is not very great.
- the result obtained is therefore that the two connectors 35a, 35b separate by pulling on the surgical driving tool 36 with greater force than is necessary to cause the movement of the haptic controller 18.
- the presence of magnets 38 facilitates the connection and disconnection between the surgical training tool and the haptic controller 18.
- the magnets 38 allow a simple connection/disconnection gesture (“plug and play” type) without screws or slides: the user approaches the surgical training tool 36 of the haptic controller 18 and the latter connects alone by the action of the magnets 38.
- connection system 35 of the key-lock type according to the present invention thus has three distinct and complementary functionalities: it allows easy and “plug and play” attachment of the surgical training tool 36 using of magnets 38, it makes it possible to transmit the rotational movement along a central axis to the haptic controller 18, it makes it possible, in certain cases, to electrically connect a surgical drive tool 36 drive module 16.
- connection system 35 thus has an electronic component.
- Each of the connectors 35a, 35b thus comprises a slot, a groove or a hollow 37 intended for the insertion of an electrical connector (not shown in Figures 9A, 9B).
- this electrical connector is a JST electrical connector but other types of electrical connectors can be used.
- the male part of the electrical connector is inserted into the slot 37 of the first connector 35a fixed to the end of the haptic controller arm 18.
- the female part of the electrical connector is inserted into the slot 37 of the second connector 35b of the surgical training tool 36. Then, as visible in Figures 2 and 3, a cable 39 connects the pins of the electrical connector to the control system 20.
- connection system 35 Another advantage of the connection system 35 according to the present invention is the simplicity with which it is possible to change the surgical training tool 36 to the haptic controller 18. It is necessary that this change be simple and rapid so as not to burden the learning of complex manipulations. It is therefore necessary to provide a “plug and play” device, as the present invention does.
- Each haptic controller 18 is, moreover, configured to measure each movement in the space of the surgical training tool 36 once it is connected to the haptic controller 18.
- Each haptic controller 18 is thus provided with at least one translation or external rotation sensor 19 fixed on the different movable elements of the haptic controller 18 (see Figure 1), so as to capture the position and three-dimensional orientation of any object connected to the haptic controller 18 of the module training 16.
- Two categories of movement can be distinguished: those that F could be described as external, common to all surgical training tools 36, and which correspond to the position and three-dimensional orientation of the surgical tool training in space, and those that could be described as internal, specific to certain so-called complex surgical training tools 36, presenting a resting state and at least one activation state, such as pressing a trigger or rotating a element and comprising an on-board electronic card.
- the haptic controller 18 makes it possible to measure the external movements (movements in space) of each connected surgical training tool 36.
- connection system 35 can also play one or more roles other than the identification of the surgical training tool 36 connected to the haptic controller 18: it can allow the recovery of information on the movement of specific elements of the tool, such as the action of a trigger, for example. Furthermore, and/or it can enable the power supply of the internal electronics of the surgical training tool 36 connected to the haptic controller 18, it can enable electronic communication between the surgical training tool 36 and the module. training 16.
- the platform 10 makes it possible to connect several drive modules 16 to each other, to the calibration module 14 and to the control system 20, the platform 10 thus makes it possible to determine the positioning in the space of several surgical training tools 36 connected to the different haptic controllers 18. If the control console 26 comprises several training modules 16, the platform 10 allows the determination of the positioning of several surgical training tools 36 simultaneously, as soon as these are connected to a haptic controller 18.
- the control system 20 of the platform 10 further comprises a recognition system 40 of each surgical training tool 36.
- the recognition system 40 of the surgical training tool 36 being configured to: read the voltage coming from a voltage divider bridge specific to each surgical training tool 36, communicate with the control system 20, so as to that the control system 20 recognizes each surgical training tool 36 connected to the haptic controller 18.
- the platform 10 uses a wireless connection and/or an electrical connection to identify the connected surgical tool (see Figure 3).
- the recognition system 40 comprises a microcontroller 42 preferably located in the base 30 of the training module 16, as visible in FIG. 7.
- the microcontroller 42 is connected to the surgical training tool 36 by means of the connection system 35, by the cable 39.
- the recognition system 40 in the case of a simple surgical training tool further comprises, at the level of the system of connection 35 between the tool 36 and the haptic controller 18, an electronic device such as a voltage divider bridge in order to allow recognition of the surgical training tool 36.
- the recognition system 40 of the control system 20 recovers and analyzes the information from the microcontroller of the complex surgical training tool 36. In this case, wireless communication is sufficient for identification.
- the control system 20 of the platform 10 is configured to: o identify the different modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 28 connected to each other either by so-called electronic means or by so-called software means (as detailed below -above), o receive and analyze the data linked to the movement(s) of each surgical training tool 36 connected to a haptic controller 18, o generate the virtual environment 100, o interface each mobile virtual surgical element 102 of the environment virtual 100 with a corresponding real element.
- the control system 20 thus generates a virtual image of each surgical training tool 36 connected to the haptic controller 18.
- the virtual environment 100 also includes decorative elements 106 that cannot be moved and/or cannot be manipulated. It can for example be an endoscopy screen 108 or a lamp which can be manipulated virtually by the users with, for example, a click on a button to turn them on. These decorative elements 106 do not have corresponding real elements.
- the control system 20 is configured to transform/reproduce each movement in the space of each surgical training tool 36 connected to a haptic controller 18 of the control console 26 in a virtual movement corresponding to its virtual image 102 in the virtual environment 100.
- the control system comprises: a measurement unit (or microcontroller 42) configured to: o identify the tools 36 and/or the modules 14 , 16, 21, 23, 25 connected, o collect the own movement data (or internal movements) of the connected surgical training tool 36, a central unit configured to: o generate the virtual environment 100, o receive and analyze the data linked to the movement(s) of each connected surgical training tool, o interface each virtual surgical tool 102 of the virtual environment 100 with a corresponding real element, and possibly o identify the connected modules 14, 16, 21, 23, 25.
- the measurement unit (or microcontroller 42) is part of the drive module.
- the control system 20 is further configured to generate a feedback signal allowing the haptic controller 18 to in turn generate a corresponding haptic signal, depending on what is happening in the virtual environment 100.
- haptic signal is understood as a signal actively generated by the platform 10 according to the present invention. It is to be differentiated from the notion of “tactile feedback” which is a simple passive feedback, automatically generated by the human body in reaction to the manipulation of animate or inanimate objects.
- control system 20 causes the haptic controller 18 to generate specific haptic feedback when virtual tool 102 corresponding to the surgical training tool 36 manipulated by the user comes into contact with another virtual tool 102 or another virtual element such as a decorative element 106, of the virtual environment 100.
- This makes it possible to accentuate the immersive aspect of the simulation and to give an increased sense of reality; the interactions visible in the virtual environment 100 are also felt by the user.
- certain technical elements of certain complementary tool modules 23 or certain anatomical modules 21 can also be configured to produce a haptic signal in response to certain stimuli or situations.
- certain anatomical modules 21 and certain complementary tool modules 23 are configured to generate a haptic signal in response to a stimulation of the control system 20 or an action by the user.
- the present invention also comprises a kit formed by the platform 10 according to the invention and a surgical training tool 36.
- Some of these complex surgical training tools 36 include a rotating distal rod 360. These tools 36 thus have a wheel allowing the rotation of the distal rod 360 and therefore of their axis.
- this distal rod 360 When this distal rod 360 is connected to the connection system 35, it is then impossible for the control system 20 to measure/determine both the position in space of the surgical driving tool 36 and the specific rotation of the distal rod 360: it is in fact necessary to transmit the general rotation of the surgical training tool 36 relative to the axis of the haptic controller 18 so that its virtual twin (virtual tool 102) can be oriented similarly in the virtual environment 100 without losing the specific rotation of the distal rod 360 induced by the operation of the surgical training tool 36.
- virtual twin virtual tool 102
- connection system 35 presents a particular embodiment with an arch part 45.
- the arch part 45 as shown in Figure 10, allows the free rotation of an orientation wheel of rod on the surgical driving tool 36 without losing the information on the orientation of the tool 36 itself.
- the arch piece 45 is fixed on the grippable body of the tool 36 on the one hand and on the distal rod 360 secured to the second connector 35b on the other hand.
- the distal rod 360 is cut so that the part under the arch piece 45 can be freely rotated without affecting the rotation at the key lock mechanism of the connection system 35, at the end of the haptic controller 18.
- the arch part 45 is preferably printed using a 3D printer by layer deposition, but any other plastic manufacturing process can be used, for example laser sintering.
- the arch part 45 is preferably designed in two parts so that it can easily be dismantled, the two parts are assembled by means of screws.
- each drive module 16 is thus a central element located at the convergence of the different elements of the platform 10 according to the present invention.
- Each drive module 16 is organized, as already mentioned, around a base 30 which allows the different elements to be fixed: the microcontroller 42 and its connection cable 39 to a connection system 35 intended to connect the surgical training tool 36 to the control system 20, a haptic controller 18 comprising a robot for acquiring three-dimensional movement by polar cue , magnets 34, 38, and possibly one or more electrical connectors (for example retractable pin connectors as seen above).
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/865,453 US20250316184A1 (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Training platform |
| IL316951A IL316951A (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Training surface |
| JP2024566760A JP2025517195A (ja) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | 訓練プラットフォーム |
| EP23729815.3A EP4523202A1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Plateforme d'entraînement |
| AU2023269320A AU2023269320A1 (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Training platform |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2204583A FR3135560B1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Plateforme d’entraînement |
| FRFR2204583 | 2022-05-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023218155A1 true WO2023218155A1 (fr) | 2023-11-16 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2023/050695 Ceased WO2023218155A1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Plateforme d'entraînement |
| PCT/FR2023/050697 Ceased WO2023218156A1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Connexion plug'n play |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2023/050697 Ceased WO2023218156A1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 | 2023-05-15 | Connexion plug'n play |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250316184A1 (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP4523202A1 (fr) |
| JP (2) | JP2025517215A (fr) |
| AU (2) | AU2023268000A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3135560B1 (fr) |
| IL (2) | IL316952A (fr) |
| WO (2) | WO2023218155A1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3482710A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-15 | Stryker Corporation | Techniques de simulation de planification préopératoire spécifiques à un patient |
| US20190380792A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | Tornier, Inc. | Virtual guidance for orthopedic surgical procedures |
| WO2020186194A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-17 | Smith & Nephew Inc. | Alignement d'outil chirurgical assisté par réalité augmentée |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8956165B2 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2015-02-17 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Devices and methods for implementing endoscopic surgical procedures and instruments within a virtual environment |
-
2022
- 2022-05-13 FR FR2204583A patent/FR3135560B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-05-15 JP JP2024566861A patent/JP2025517215A/ja active Pending
- 2023-05-15 JP JP2024566760A patent/JP2025517195A/ja active Pending
- 2023-05-15 WO PCT/FR2023/050695 patent/WO2023218155A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-15 US US18/865,453 patent/US20250316184A1/en active Pending
- 2023-05-15 WO PCT/FR2023/050697 patent/WO2023218156A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-15 EP EP23729815.3A patent/EP4523202A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-05-15 AU AU2023268000A patent/AU2023268000A1/en active Pending
- 2023-05-15 IL IL316952A patent/IL316952A/en unknown
- 2023-05-15 IL IL316951A patent/IL316951A/en unknown
- 2023-05-15 EP EP23729817.9A patent/EP4523203A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-05-15 AU AU2023269320A patent/AU2023269320A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3482710A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-15 | Stryker Corporation | Techniques de simulation de planification préopératoire spécifiques à un patient |
| US20190380792A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | Tornier, Inc. | Virtual guidance for orthopedic surgical procedures |
| WO2020186194A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-17 | Smith & Nephew Inc. | Alignement d'outil chirurgical assisté par réalité augmentée |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2025517215A (ja) | 2025-06-03 |
| FR3135560B1 (fr) | 2024-06-21 |
| IL316951A (en) | 2025-01-01 |
| JP2025517195A (ja) | 2025-06-03 |
| EP4523203A1 (fr) | 2025-03-19 |
| AU2023269320A1 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
| AU2023268000A1 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
| EP4523202A1 (fr) | 2025-03-19 |
| IL316952A (en) | 2025-01-01 |
| FR3135560A1 (fr) | 2023-11-17 |
| US20250316184A1 (en) | 2025-10-09 |
| WO2023218156A1 (fr) | 2023-11-16 |
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