WO2023213392A1 - Verbrennungslose zigarette - Google Patents
Verbrennungslose zigarette Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023213392A1 WO2023213392A1 PCT/EP2022/062054 EP2022062054W WO2023213392A1 WO 2023213392 A1 WO2023213392 A1 WO 2023213392A1 EP 2022062054 W EP2022062054 W EP 2022062054W WO 2023213392 A1 WO2023213392 A1 WO 2023213392A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nicotine
- sleeve
- cigarette
- combustionless
- cigarette according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
- A24F42/20—Devices without heating means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
- A24B15/281—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed
- A24B15/282—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed by indirect addition of the chemical substances, e.g. in the wrapper, in the case
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
- A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
- A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
- A24B15/36—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a heterocyclic ring
- A24B15/365—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a heterocyclic ring having nitrogen and sulfur as hetero atoms in the same ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
- A24F42/60—Constructional details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a combustion-free cigarette consisting of a sleeve, on the inner jacket of which a nicotine solution is applied, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Conventional cigarettes rely on the combustion of a nicotine-containing tobacco contained in a paper tube.
- the combustion process releases nicotine, which is inhaled by the smoker through suction in what is known as mainstream smoke.
- the combustion process continues between puffs, with nicotine escaping into the environment in a so-called sidestream smoke without being absorbed by the smoker.
- the effect desired by the smoker is based on the nicotine ingested, which has activating effects on cells of the autonomic nervous system.
- Conventional cigarettes contain around 10 mg of nicotine, although due to combustion and the side current, only around 1-2 mg of nicotine is inhaled by the smoker when the entire cigarette is consumed. This shows that with conventional cigarettes, the majority of the nicotine in the tobacco is not inhaled, but rather burns or escapes.
- US Pat. No. 4,284,089 describes a porous carrier body which is cylindrical and funnel-shaped at both ends.
- the two funnel-shaped formations are connected by a channel through which the nicotine mixture can pass.
- the carrier body which is designed with funnels on both sides, is arranged inside a sleeve.
- US 4,813,437 shows a cigarette-shaped nicotine delivery device in which several sections and several types of roller-shaped porous support bodies are arranged. These carrier bodies are made of plastic and cellulose fibers. Manufacturing with multiple zones and multiple porous support bodies requires multiple work steps, which results in high manufacturing costs.
- US Pat. No. 6,089,632 describes a roller-shaped and porous carrier body which is designed as a nicotine reservoir. This porous carrier body is soaked in a mixing vessel with a nicotine solution and then dried and thus loaded with nicotine and inserted into a sleeve. For use, the sleeve with the carrier body must be inserted into a pipe-shaped inhalation device.
- open-pored carrier bodies have pores of different sizes, so that there is no precisely defined pore surface of the porous carrier body, which is disadvantageous when soaking the porous carrier body with a nicotine solution, since different amounts of nicotine are always accumulated in an open-pored carrier body.
- the amount of nicotine accumulated must be precisely adjustable because the consumer could otherwise absorb excessive amounts of nicotine that exceed the amount stated on the packaging.
- Claim 1 relates to a combustion-free cigarette consisting of a sleeve, on the inner jacket of which a nicotine solution is applied, it being proposed according to the invention that the sleeve is closed at one of its two ends with a partially airtight suction brake and the nicotine solution from a 75-105 ⁇ l ethanol dissolved amount of 0.8-1.2 mg nicotine, the nicotine solution being applied as an at least partial wetting of the inner jacket.
- the dimensions of the cigarette according to the invention correspond to conventional cigarettes, as will be explained in more detail, and its structure, with the suction brake arranged at one end, also imitates that of a conventional cigarette.
- the suction brake is not used to filter the sucked in air flow, but rather to create a flow resistance within the otherwise empty sleeve, which is intended to imitate the suction resistance of a conventional cigarette, and to prevent axial air flows during storage.
- the intake brake can also be formed from a conventional cigarette filter, which does not filter nicotine per se.
- the nicotine is applied to the inner jacket of the sleeve as a nicotine solution of an amount of 0.8-1.2 mg of nicotine dissolved in 75-105 ⁇ l of ethanol, preferably as a nicotine solution of an amount of 1 mg of nicotine dissolved in 100 ⁇ l of ethanol.
- Nicotine is highly soluble in ethanol.
- the decisive factor for the applicability of such a solution for non-combustion cigarettes is the evaporation behavior of the solution of nicotine in ethanol, which in turn depends on the relative quantity distribution.
- a Solution according to the invention when applying periodic air streams by suction, as they correspond to typical smoking behavior, ensures a release of the nicotine from adhesion to the inner jacket into the air stream in accumulated amounts of 250-800 ⁇ g within the times of 10-20 minutes corresponding to typical smoking behavior.
- the ethanol enables co-evaporation of nicotine with ethanol by ethanol mobilizing the otherwise difficult-to-evaporate nicotine into the gas phase.
- the surface quality of the inner jacket has also proven to be crucial for this, which according to the invention must ensure at least partial wetting of the inner jacket by the nicotine solution.
- the wettability of a surface by a liquid is characterized by the contact angle (also referred to as the “wetting angle”), which is the angle that a drop of liquid forms on the surface of the solid.
- the shape that the drop of liquid takes on a surface depends on the Surface tension of the liquid and the nature of the surface. At the boundary between the liquid drop and the gaseous environment, the surface tension causes a curved contour. At the edge of the liquid drop, where the contour merges into the solid surface, a liquid/solid interface forms between the liquid/solid and the tangent to the liquid/gaseous interface determines the contact angle.
- the inner jacket of the cigarette according to the invention must be partially wettable, i.e. have a contact angle with the wetting liquid of less than 90°.
- the nicotine solution is preferably applied as an at least partial wetting of the inner jacket with a contact angle of a maximum of 75°. One way to do this is to make the sleeve out of bagasse.
- Bagasse is the name given to fibrous residues that arise primarily from the processing of sugar cane and have recently been used as a plastic substitute in the food industry because they can be processed into packaging that is impermeable to grease and water.
- sleeves can be produced by mixing bagasse with water to form a paste, which is formed into sleeves and dried. After drying, the outer shell of the sleeves is coated with melamine resins or biodegradable PLA (Polylactic Acid) to make them waterproof. On the inner jacket, the sleeves have the wettability required according to the invention. In addition, the sleeves manufactured in this way are biodegradable and can therefore be easily disposed of.
- Another possibility is to manufacture the sleeve from glass, with the inner jacket being roughened to ensure a contact angle of a maximum of 90°.
- Glass can be reused for the same application, for example by collecting, cleaning and sterilizing it via a deposit system, or it can be reused for another application, for example by disposing of it in glass collection containers.
- the FFF process also known as fused deposition modeling
- 3D printing is an additive manufacturing process (“3D printing”) in which a plastic is applied in molten form in layers to a construction platform.
- the plastics used for this are primarily PLA and ABS ( Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) and PETG are used.
- PETG is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) modified with glycol, which is characterized by its particularly high transparency and low viscosity.
- the inner jacket which is at least partially wetted by the nicotine solution, has a surface of 500-2000 mm 2 , preferably a surface of 1000 mm 2 .
- the amount of 75-105 ⁇ l of ethanol suggested according to the invention is applied to the inner jacket of this surface, as will be explained in more detail.
- the sleeve is cylindrical and has a length of 50-100mm and an inner diameter of 3-6mm.
- the wall thickness of the sleeve is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm, preferably 1.5 mm, so that there is sufficient strength to prevent the chemicals from diffusing through the wall.
- nicotine is an almost tasteless and odorless substance.
- the flavoring substances serve to make the inhaled nicotine solution sensory-experienceable, on the one hand to increase consumption enjoyment but on the other hand to show the consumer that the nicotine solution in a cigarette has been completely consumed.
- the cigarette according to the invention remains physically intact apart from the consumption of the applied nicotine solution.
- the cigarette according to the invention is suitable for delivering nicotine over a generally longer period of time than with a conventional cigarette, as will be explained in more detail, namely for around 100 puffs, which, assuming a break of 10 seconds between the individual puffs, amounts to a total consumption time of approximately 15 minutes equivalent.
- the entire amount of nicotine solution applied to the inner casing evaporates and thus also the Flavorings.
- the presence of the flavoring substances does not have a disruptive effect on the co-evaporation of nicotine with ethanol, which has been demonstrated by the applicants for a number of flavoring substances, as will be explained in more detail.
- the nicotine used for the nicotine solution has a pH value in the basic range.
- the pH value of cigarette smoke from conventional cigarette tobacco is in the range of 6.3-5.6, i.e. in the acidic range.
- the nicotine preferably proposed within the scope of the invention, the nicotine solution with a pH in the basic range corresponds more closely to cigar or pipe tobacco, which is obtained from leaves that are harvested in an immature state.
- the pH value of cigar smoke from conventional cigar tobacco is in the range of 8.0-8.6, i.e. in the alkaline range. The absorption of free nicotine from such alkaline smoke occurs easily through mucous membranes. By using nicotine with a pH value in the alkaline range, this effect is used and the effect of cigar or pipe tobacco is imitated.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a cigarette according to the invention
- Fig. 3 experimental results for the cumulative amount of ethanol (uncalibrated) absorbed by an air flow within a sleeve according to Fig. 2 over the number of simulated puffs
- Fig. 4 experimental results for the cumulative amount of nicotine absorbed by an air flow within a sleeve in pg over the number of simulated puffs, the sleeve being made of glass, the inner jacket of which is roughened to ensure a contact angle of a maximum of 90°.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a cigarette according to the invention.
- the cigarette according to the invention is similar in dimensions to a conventional tobacco cigarette and has a cylindrical sleeve 1 with a length of 50-100mm and an inner diameter of 3-6mm.
- the inner jacket la of the sleeve 1 has a surface of 500-2000 mm 2 , preferably a surface of 1000 mm 2 .
- the outer jacket 1b of the sleeve 1 can be colored with food-safe paint to give the sleeve 1 a white color, for example.
- the wall thickness of the sleeve 1 is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm, preferably 1.5 mm, so that there is sufficient strength to prevent the chemicals from diffusing through the wall.
- the sleeve 1 is closed with a partially airtight suction brake 2, which is designed, for example, as a conventional cigarette filter.
- the intake brake 2 represents an intake resistance that reduces the air flow speed within the sleeve 1, so that the contact time between the air flow and the inner jacket la is increased.
- the smoker is offered the usual suction resistance.
- the sucked air reaches the interior of the sleeve 1 via the opening at the opposite, second end of the sleeve 1, pulls in the axial direction through the interior of the sleeve 1 in the direction of the intake brake 2 and through the intake brake 2 until it reaches the free end of the Intake brake leaves the cigarette according to the invention.
- the intake brake 2 can also be designed as a solid, cylindrical intake plug with a conical channel made of biodegradable plastic, which has a conical air channel inside that tapers towards the intake opening and is open at both ends.
- the open, second end of the cigarette according to the invention can be closed with a sealing film in order to prevent the nicotine solution from escaping during storage. Such a sealing film would have to be removed before use.
- the applicants have determined that the closure of the second, open end of the cigarette can also be omitted because the escape of evaporated nicotine solution is negligible under the given geometric conditions, especially if cigarettes according to the invention are stored sealed in an airtight packaging.
- the exchange of air between the sleeve 1, which is closed on one side, and the environment is sufficiently low, so that saturation of evaporated nicotine solution quickly occurs within the sleeve 1, which prevents further evaporation of the nicotine solution.
- An amount of 15-105 ⁇ l of ethanol mixed with an amount of 0.8-1.2 mg of nicotine is applied to the surface of the inner jacket la.
- the nicotine solution can be applied to the inner jacket la using a dosing and spray needle, which has a large number of holes or nozzles along its axial length. With such a dosing and spray needle it is possible to wet the entire inner jacket la of the sleeve 1 with the nicotine solution with one spray.
- a measurement setup was developed in which air was sucked cyclically through a tube whose dimensions corresponded to a cigarette according to the invention and whose inner jacket la was wetted with a 100 ⁇ l ethanol-nicotine mixture containing 1g/100 ⁇ l nicotine , whereby the "exhalation" did not take place through the tube.
- These tubes which were charged with a nicotine-ethanol mixture, are subsequently referred to as evaporator tubes.
- the evaporator tubes were made of PETG using an FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) manufacturing process .
- FFF Feused Filament Fabrication
- the measurement setup also made it possible to program a variable period of time between trains as a break using a microcontroller that controls the setup.
- the suction was carried out using two 50ml syringes connected in parallel and driven by a linear motor. Through a switching valve, air could be sucked from the evaporator tube through an adsorber tube (Tenax tube) and an alcohol sensor and a UV sensor. The switching valve switched off the path through the tubes and allowed the syringes to be emptied into the ambient air.
- the adsorber tubes were filled with Tenax.
- Tenax is the brand name of Poly (2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide), a polymeric adsorbent resin used as column packing material for gas chromatography because substances such as nicotine adsorb almost completely to the resin when the amount of substance is significantly below the binding capacity .
- the Tenax tubes (17.8 cm) were analyzed with a “Gerstel TDS 3” with a “TDS A2” autosampler, typically using a split of 20:1 or 5:1.
- the molecules to be examined are transferred into the gas phase (desorption) and ionized by heating in an inert gas atmosphere under reduced pressure.
- the ions are then accelerated by an electric field and fed to an analyzer, which separates them according to their mass-to-charge ratio m/z.
- the molecules can be fragmented, which can lead to different peaks in the spectrogram.
- the resulting chromatograms showed clear nicotine peaks, which were quantified by the nicotine-typical m/z ratio at 133 and 162. No influences from methanol or traces of other organic compounds were found in the corresponding m/z ranges.
- a total of 30 suction processes were carried out and air sucked in from trains 1-3, 3-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 was analyzed chromatographically.
- nicotine was delivered over 150 puffs, with delivery appearing to follow a biphasic (sigmoid) curve.
- sigmoid biphasic
- alcohol was also released in the sigmoid direction, but much faster. Obviously, nicotine release is concentration dependent. The total amount of nicotine released during this time is approximately 75% of the amount used.
- Nicotine-ethanol evaporation measurements were repeated at least 3 times using the 3D printed evaporator tubes and showed consistent results.
- the measurements with reduced evaporation time through roughened glass surfaces and those with aromatic substances were each carried out twice and also showed consistent results.
- a solution according to the invention when applying periodic air streams by suction, as corresponds to typical smoker behavior, releases the nicotine from adhesion to the inner casing la into the air stream in accumulated amounts of 250-800 ⁇ g within the range for a typical Smoking behavior ensures appropriate times of 10-20 minutes.
- the cigarette according to the invention thus reproduces the properties of a conventional cigarette in its nicotine delivery, in that the nicotine is absorbed in sufficient quantity by the air flow that arises within the sleeve 1 during the usual suction process and is available for inhalation.
- the ethanol enables co-evaporation of nicotine with ethanol by ethanol mobilizing the otherwise difficult-to-evaporate nicotine into the gas phase.
- the cigarette according to the invention can also be consumed without restrictions, for example in cafes, bars or restaurants, but also in train stations or airplanes, and is compliant with non-smoking laws, since neither health-damaging tobacco combustion smoke nor any form of smoldering as with tobacco heaters or steam as with e- Cigarettes or e-shishas are sold.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2022/062054 WO2023213392A1 (de) | 2022-05-04 | 2022-05-04 | Verbrennungslose zigarette |
| US18/859,080 US20250268314A1 (en) | 2022-05-04 | 2022-05-04 | Combustion-free cigarette |
| EP22728076.5A EP4518711A1 (de) | 2022-05-04 | 2022-05-04 | Verbrennungslose zigarette |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2022/062054 WO2023213392A1 (de) | 2022-05-04 | 2022-05-04 | Verbrennungslose zigarette |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023213392A1 true WO2023213392A1 (de) | 2023-11-09 |
Family
ID=81941004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2022/062054 Ceased WO2023213392A1 (de) | 2022-05-04 | 2022-05-04 | Verbrennungslose zigarette |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250268314A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4518711A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023213392A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4284089A (en) | 1978-10-02 | 1981-08-18 | Ray Jon P | Simulated smoking device |
| EP0144934A2 (de) * | 1983-12-09 | 1985-06-19 | B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | Rauchprodukt, enthaltend Nicotin-N'-Oxid |
| US4800903A (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1989-01-31 | Ray Jon P | Nicotine dispenser with polymeric reservoir of nicotine |
| US4813437A (en) | 1984-01-09 | 1989-03-21 | Ray J Philip | Nicotine dispensing device and method for the manufacture thereof |
| US6089632A (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2000-07-18 | Pickren; Porter T. | Post hole digger |
| WO2006002445A2 (de) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-12 | Heribert Schwarz | Rauchlose zigarette |
-
2022
- 2022-05-04 EP EP22728076.5A patent/EP4518711A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-04 WO PCT/EP2022/062054 patent/WO2023213392A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-05-04 US US18/859,080 patent/US20250268314A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4284089A (en) | 1978-10-02 | 1981-08-18 | Ray Jon P | Simulated smoking device |
| EP0144934A2 (de) * | 1983-12-09 | 1985-06-19 | B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken GmbH | Rauchprodukt, enthaltend Nicotin-N'-Oxid |
| US4813437A (en) | 1984-01-09 | 1989-03-21 | Ray J Philip | Nicotine dispensing device and method for the manufacture thereof |
| US4800903A (en) | 1985-05-24 | 1989-01-31 | Ray Jon P | Nicotine dispenser with polymeric reservoir of nicotine |
| US6089632A (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2000-07-18 | Pickren; Porter T. | Post hole digger |
| WO2006002445A2 (de) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-12 | Heribert Schwarz | Rauchlose zigarette |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250268314A1 (en) | 2025-08-28 |
| EP4518711A1 (de) | 2025-03-12 |
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