WO2023287390A1 - Heat recovery ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed heat recovery ventilation system consists of a heat exchanger (14), an inner fan (8), an outer fan (19) and an inner cylinder (20), which are connected to one another and arranged inside an outer cylinder (4) of the system, and an inner cover (5) and an outer cover (24), situated at either end of said cylinder (4), which project from the surface of an inside wall (2) and an outside wall (1). Plates (13) of the heat exchanger (14), situated inside the outer cylinder (4), are connected to one another in the shape of a rhombus, and the heat exchanger (14) itself has a square-shaped cross-section. The heat exchanger (14) is provided with two covers (11, 16) fitted into intake air and exhaust air openings (10, 17) of the heat exchanger. Said covers (11, 16) are provided with openings capable of alternately opening and closing for each of the types of air.

Description

Ventilation system with heat recovery

The utility model relates to the field of ventilation, in particular to the ventilation of residential and commercial residential premises, namely to air-to-air heat exchangers, which can be used to transfer heat from the exhaust air flow from the room to the fresh air flow drawn into the premises, replacing exhaust air.

In fact, ventilation with recuperation is necessary to enrich the living quarters with oxygen and remove "standing" layers of air with a high content of impurities, in particular carbon dioxide, which is harmful to human health.

It is known that modern construction is focused on the insulation and sealing of rooms to reduce the overall energy consumption for insulation of rooms, making the room significantly airtight, reducing heat loss due to "blowing", drafts, etc.

On the other hand, building codes require sufficient circulation (circulation) of air / ventilation / in the room to ensure that there is enough fresh air rich in oxygen to keep people healthy and comfortable. New technologies and equipment have been developed to meet these aforementioned requirements.

Prior Art

In particular, well-developed ventilation systems and methods are known for supplying fresh air to a room, which at the same time are able to save the amount of heat lost when exhausted /dirty/ air leaks out of the room.

Such devices are called ventilation systems for heat recovery and are used in temperate climatic latitudes. Essentially, the physics of the proposed method for processing air media and flows is that the claimed method and system “extracts” thermal energy from a stream of warm (exhaust) air, which is used to compensate for energy losses during air exchange.

Known systems close to the proposed, which for the most part contain a housing containing an air-to-air heat exchanger. The exhaust air flow in such systems usually passes through one side of the heat exchanger and the fresh air flow passes through the other side of the heat exchanger. In the proposed systems, the air streams exchange heat "cross" when the air streams are not in contact and do not mix with each other. The purity of fresh air in the streams is maintained.

Generally, the proposed systems include fans sufficient and necessary for the passage of air through the heat exchanger. The flow of fresh / clean / air into the room is chosen so that it (the flow) is equally balanced and consistent with the flow of the existing exhaust / dirty / exhaust air from the room.

As a consequence, it becomes necessary to control the air flows manually, for example by means of manually operated dampers that restrict the air flow through the air ducts leading to the fans.

This is carried out by a qualified technician using airflow measurement devices - Pitot tubes, installed on the respective airflows to measure and calibrate the inlet and outlet airflows, which requires a significant amount of time for a specialist, and the user of such a device are unable to carry out the said actions correctly on their own.

From the prior art, technical solutions are known in which the regulation of the air flow in these types of ventilation systems has been improved.

For example, a ventilation system is known by which air is exchanged (Patent N° US 745822). This unit uses one motor to drive two fans.

The regulation of the air flow in this system is carried out by means of adjustable dampers, which restrict the air flow by closing one or the other air flow path to a certain extent. In addition, this system cannot adapt to changes in air flow without the intervention of a specialist.

The closest analogue of the proposed device is disclosed in the patent UA N ° 146223, which is a ventilation unit that uses an air flow guide grill in the immediate vicinity of the sensors to promote the development of a laminar air flow past the sensors.

A ventilation unit is also provided for recovering heat and energy in a room having an inner and an outer part. At the same time, said block contains: a main body having an inlet for fresh air and an outlet for air outlet to the room on one side, as well as an outlet for fresh air and an inlet for exhaust air from the room on the other side, the device also contains a heat exchanger "air - air" in the main body and connected to each of the said inlet and outlet for distribution to the respective air flow channels, for each of the mentioned types of air - from the room and fresh air (said heat exchanger allows the exchange of heat and energy between the air in and fresh air) the device also contains two variable speed fans for passing fresh and exhaust air through the heat exchanger, at least one electronic air flow sensor for measuring at least one indoor air flow and fresh air flow, and a controller for receiving said data signal.

The disadvantage of the mentioned device according to the patent J\° 146223 is its lack of efficiency and bulkiness, with the growing requirements for energy efficiency of such installations. The presence of the above gratings of the closest analogue leads to their fouling with fibers and dust, reduces the efficiency of the device and leads to additional costs for its maintenance - cleaning the channels.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design of known devices, improve the heat saving performance of the proposed system, reduce the size of the device.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the ventilation system with heat recovery, which consists of a heat exchanger, internal and external fans, an internal cylinder that are interconnected and located in the external cylinder of the system, internal and external covers located on both sides of the cylinder, protruding on the surface internal and external walls, it is proposed that the heat exchanger plates located in the outer cylinder be connected to each other in the shape of a rhombus, and the heat exchanger itself should be made in a square section. It is also proposed to equip the openings for the passage of exhaust and supply air with inner and outer covers, with the possibility of alternately opening and closing openings, and make the inner cover in the form of a rectangle, in which the supply air flow is directed to the grille of the inner cover in its center.

The use of a square-shaped heat exchanger in the device with its elements by plates interconnected in the form of a rhombus provides an increase in heat transfer properties due to a larger contact area of the exhaust air air flows with the elements (plates) of the heat exchanger, which in turn makes it possible to reduce the size of the heat exchanger and the dimensions of the device as a whole and also reduce material consumption. The downsizing also allows the unit to be installed in thinner walls at no additional cost, compromising the aesthetics of the room.

Brief description of the drawings of the invention

The composition and design of the device is illustrated in the drawings, where in Fig. 1-5 are observed: in Fig. 1 - longitudinal section of the device, which shows:

1 - the outer surface of the wall of the room;

2 - the inner surface of the wall of the room;

3 - hole for mounting the system;

4 - outer cylinder;

5 - inner cover;

6 - lattice of the inner cover (Fig. 2 - cross-section of the system with a tear-out of the inner cover);

7 - slot for air outlet from the room;

8 - internal fan;

9 - rectangular element of the internal fan casing;

10 - openings for the passage of supply air;

11 - internal heat exchanger cover;

12 - heating element of the heat exchanger;

13 - heat exchanger plates;

14 - heat exchanger assembly;

15 - heating element of the condensate drain;

16 - outer cover of the heat exchanger;

17 - holes for the passage of exhaust air;

18 - rectangular element of the external fan casing;

19 - outdoor fan;

20 - inner cylinder;

21 - condensate drain hole;

22 - outside air intake slot;

23 - lattice of the outer cover (Fig. 3 - cross-section of the system with a tear-out of the outer cover);

24 - outer cover.

In FIG. 2 is a depicted cross-section of the system with the inner cover cut out, where

7 - air outlet slot of their premises;

4 - outer cylinder;

8 - internal fan;

9 - rectangular element of the internal fan casing;

5 - inner cover;

2 - the inner surface of the wall of the room;

6 - lattice of the inner cover; Fig. 3 - shows a cross-section with a tear-out of the outer cover, where 16 - the outer cover of the heat exchanger;

18 - rectangular element of the external fan casing;

19 - outdoor fan;

4 - outer cylinder;

24 - outer cover;

21 - condensate drain hole;

23 - lattice of the outer cover;

1 - the outer surface of the wall;

Fig. 4 Cross section of the heat exchanger

4 - outer cylinder

13 - heat exchanger plates

Fig. 5 view 3/4 heat exchanger 13 - heat exchanger plates.

Fig. 6 Scheme of supply and exhaust air flow.

As seen in the drawings of FIG. 1-5, the ventilation system with heat recovery comprises a heat exchanger (14), internal and external fans (8, 19), an internal cylinder (20) which are connected together and located in an external cylinder (4). On both sides of the outer cylinder (4) there are inner and outer covers (5, 24) that protrude on the inner and outer surfaces of the walls (1, 2). The plates (13) of the heat exchanger (14) located in the outer cylinder (4) are interconnected in the form of a rhombus, along the corrugation of the heat exchanger, on which an antiseptic is applied to disinfect the supply air and increase efficiency. Heat exchanger covers (11, 16) with holes for intake and exhaust of exhaust and/or supply air are inserted into the holes for passage of exhaust and supply air (10,17).

Moreover, the holes for the passage of fresh air (10) are located on the outer side of the inner cover of the heat exchanger (11), which are connected to the rectangular element of the internal fan housing (9), at the same time, the inlet holes for the fresh air are located on the outer side of the outer cover (16).

Accordingly, exhaust air openings (17) are placed on the outer side of the outer cover of the heat exchanger (16), which are connected to the rectangular element of the outdoor fan housing (18), and at the same time, the exhaust air inlets are located on the outer side of the outer cover (11) .

Embodiment of the invention

During use of the device, the heat recovery ventilation system extracts fresh air entering the room from outside and simultaneously removes the exhaust air from the room inside the device (Fig. 4. and Fig. 6).

According to the mentioned list of items in FIG. 1-5 above, which ensure the ability of the device to perform tasks and the operability of the device when the following factors are met:

- the device in the form of a monoblock is mounted in the upper part of the room, in the wall adjacent to the external environment (outside the room). - the outer cover (24) with the grille (23) of the device protrudes on the surface of the outer wall of the room (1) by 1/3 of the length of the outer cover (23).

- supply air from outside the room (when the internal fan (8) is turned on, under the action of its blades, it is drawn in through the outside air intake slot (22) of the outer cover (24), the size of which is 1/4 of the outer diameter of the outer cover (24);

- further, the supply air passes through the space between the internal cylinder (20), the external fan (19), the rectangular element of the external fan housing and the external cylinder (4), after which it is drawn into the inlet openings for the passage of supply air (10) located on the surface of the heat exchanger cover outdoor (16);

- moving along the elements of the heat exchanger (12), the supply air is heated and leaves the heat exchanger; on the other hand, it moves through the corresponding supply air openings on the internal heat exchanger cover (10) connected to the rectangular element of the internal fan housing (9) and passing through it is blown out by the internal fan (8 ) into the room through the grate (7) of the inner cover (6).

Also, between the inner cover (5) and the rectangular element of the inner case (9) with the inner fan (8), an inner cylinder (20) can be additionally placed to adjust (fit) the dimensions of the device (its length) to the thickness of the walls of the room.

The supply air is lower than the temperature of the indoor air, so the supply air stream descends to the lower part of the room and does not mix with the exhaust air that is removed from the room.

- in parallel, at the same time, the exhaust (exhaust) air, which has a higher temperature, located in the upper part of the room, when the outdoor fan (19) is turned on, under the action of its blades, is drawn through the exhaust (exhaust) air outlet slot (7) of the inner cover (five);

- further passes through the space between the inner cylinder (if one is installed) of the rectangular element of the inner case (9) with the inner fan (8), and the outer cylinder (4) and then is drawn into the inlet holes for the passage of exhaust air (17) placed on the surface internal heat exchanger covers (11);

- moving along the elements of the heat exchanger (12), the exhaust (exhaust air) of a higher temperature heats the elements of the heat exchanger and, leaving the heat exchanger on the other hand, moves through the corresponding exhaust air openings (17) on the cover of the external heat exchanger (16) connected to a rectangular element of the external fan housing ( 18) and passing through it is blown out by an external fan (19) outside the room through the grille of the outer cover (23).

When passing along the corrugation of the heat exchanger of supply and exhaust air, heat exchange (recovery) occurs between them, the jets of air flows of exhaust and supply air move towards each other but are separated from each other and do not mix due to the design of the device. In the situation presented above, the device, with colder supply air (ambient), recuperates with heated extract air, and in summer, the extract air (colder) performs recuperation by cooling the warmer air of the external environment.

Industrial batches are planned for production by Lviv factories in the 3rd quarter of 2021.

Claims

Formula 1. Heat recovery ventilation system, which consists of a heat exchanger, indoor and outdoor fans, an inner cylinder that are interconnected and located in the outer cylinder of the system, inner and outer covers located on both sides of the cylinder, which protrude from the surface of the inner and outer walls , differs in that the heat exchanger plates located in the outer cylinder are interconnected in the form of a rhombus, and the heat exchanger itself is made in a square section, the heat exchanger is equipped with two covers inserted into its holes for exhaust and supply air, the covers are equipped with holes that are alternately open and closed for every type of air. 2. The ventilation system with heat recovery according to claim 1, is characterized in that the inner cover is made in the form of a rectangle, in which the supply air flow is directed to the grid of the inner cover in its center.