WO2023281789A1 - ロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法 - Google Patents
ロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023281789A1 WO2023281789A1 PCT/JP2022/005212 JP2022005212W WO2023281789A1 WO 2023281789 A1 WO2023281789 A1 WO 2023281789A1 JP 2022005212 W JP2022005212 W JP 2022005212W WO 2023281789 A1 WO2023281789 A1 WO 2023281789A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- external force
- robot
- sensor information
- torque
- torque sensor
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/08—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
- B25J13/081—Touching devices, e.g. pressure-sensitive
- B25J13/084—Tactile sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
- B25J13/08—Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
- B25J13/085—Force or torque sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
- B25J15/0004—Gripping heads and other end effectors with provision for adjusting the gripped object in the hand
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
- B25J15/08—Gripping heads and other end effectors having finger members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
- B25J19/02—Sensing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1612—Programme controls characterised by the hand, wrist, grip control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1628—Programme controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1633—Programme controls characterised by the control loop compliant, force, torque control, e.g. combined with position control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1656—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
- B25J9/1661—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by task planning, object-oriented languages
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a robot control device and a robot control method.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-100013 proposes a technique of realizing high-precision gripping and flexible gripping with the same mechanism by providing two members with different rigidity in the fingers of a hand.
- a robot control device acquires torque sensor information and tactile sensor information from a torque sensor and a tactile sensor provided in a control target portion of a robot, respectively, and acquires the acquired torque sensor information and tactile sensor.
- An external force estimating unit is provided that separates the intended external force due to the task given to the robot from the external force acting on the part to be controlled based on the information, and estimates the unintended external force.
- a robot control method acquires torque sensor information and tactile sensor information from a torque sensor and a tactile sensor provided in a control target portion of a robot, respectively; Separating the intended external force due to the task given to the robot from the external force acting on the part to be controlled based on the tactile sensor information, and estimating the unintended external force.
- torque sensor information and tactile sensor information are respectively acquired from a torque sensor and a tactile sensor provided in a control target portion of a robot, and the acquired torque Based on the sensor information and the tactile sensor information, the intended external force due to the task given to the robot is separated from the external force acting on the part to be controlled, and the unintended external force is estimated.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an environment in which an object to be hand-operated by a robot according to a comparative example is placed;
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of interference with surrounding objects caused by a hand operation by a robot according to a comparative example;
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a decrease in positional accuracy when flexible hand control is performed in a robot according to a comparative example;
- 1 is an external view schematically showing an example of a robot to be controlled by a robot control device and a robot control method according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an environment in which an object to be hand-operated by a robot according to a comparative example is placed;
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of interference with surrounding objects caused by a hand operation by a robot according to a comparative example;
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a decrease
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an example of a robot hand to be controlled by a robot control device and a robot control method according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing one configuration example of an external force estimator in the robot control device according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific task and an estimation example of an external force corresponding to the task
- 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a robot control device according to a first embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of torque modulation by an external force adaptive control section in the robot control device according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an environment in which an object to be hand-operated by a robot according to a comparative example is placed.
- the hand is often targeted for manipulating objects, so it is easy to collide with the target object or the environment.
- the object 200 to be manipulated is arranged in a miscellaneous environment where there are many surrounding objects 201, or near the environment such as a shelf 300. It is noticeable when
- FIG. 2 shows an example of interference with a peripheral object 201 that accompanies a hand operation by a robot according to a comparative example.
- 2A shows a state before the hand 101 grasps the object 200 to be operated
- FIG. 2B shows a state immediately before the hand 101 grasps the object 200 to be operated.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a decrease in positional accuracy when flexible hand control is performed in a robot according to a comparative example.
- the hand 101 has a first finger portion 111 and a second finger portion 112 as a grip portion.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of a robot 100 to be controlled by the robot control device and robot control method according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows an example of the hand 101 of the robot 100. As shown in FIG.
- the robot control device and robot control method according to the first embodiment are suitable for, for example, a robot 100 having an arm 102, as shown in FIG.
- a hand 101 is provided at the tip of the arm 102 as a part to be controlled.
- parts other than the hand 101 can be set as parts to be controlled.
- a leg (not shown) as a control target part.
- the hand 101 is capable of gripping an object 200 (see FIG. 1, etc.) to be operated.
- the hand 101 has a grasping portion that grasps an object 200 to be operated, and a joint portion that links to the grasping portion.
- the configuration example of FIG. 5 shows an example having two finger portions (first finger portion 111 and second finger portion 112) as a grip portion.
- a plurality of joints 401 are provided on the first finger 111 .
- a plurality of joints 402 are provided on the second finger 112 .
- a tactile sensor 11 is provided at each tip of the first finger 111 and the second finger 112 .
- a torque sensor 12 is provided in each of the plurality of joints 401 and the plurality of joints 402 .
- the grip may be configured to have three or more fingers. Also, each finger may have only one joint, or may have three or more joints.
- FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of the external force estimating section in the robot control device according to the first embodiment.
- the robot control device includes an external force estimator 20 .
- the external force estimation unit 20 acquires the torque sensor information ⁇ e and the tactile sensor information p from the torque sensor 12 and the tactile sensor 11 provided on the hand 101 as the control target part of the robot 100 . Based on the acquired torque sensor information ⁇ e and tactile sensor information p, the external force estimation unit 20 separates the intended external force due to the task given to the robot 100 from the external force acting on the control target part, and estimates the unintended external force. do.
- the external force estimation unit 20 has a pressure-load conversion unit 21, an inverse dynamics calculation unit 22, a subtractor 23, a torque-force moment conversion unit 24, and a subtractor 25.
- the external force estimation unit 20 converts the first external force (external force F( ⁇ ) trq ) calculated based on the torque sensor information ⁇ e to the second external force (external force F( ) pre ) to estimate the unintended external force (estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex ).
- the external force estimating unit 20 calculates the torque sensor information ⁇ e and the estimated torque (estimated joint torque, dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ )) calculated using inverse dynamics calculation based on the target motion of the control target part. 1 external force (external force F( ⁇ ) trq ) is calculated.
- An external operating force acts on the tactile sensor 11 via the object 200 gripped by the hand 101 .
- the pressure-load conversion unit 21 converts pressure distribution information (tactile sensor information p) from the tactile sensor 11 into, for example, six-dimensional force/moment information (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ).
- the force (torque) generated from the dynamics of the robot 100 itself is a dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ ). included as The dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ ) can be obtained by the inverse dynamics calculation using the following equation (1) by the inverse dynamics calculator 22 .
- Equation (1) q is a joint angle vector, M is an inertia matrix (inertia force term), c is a centrifugal force/Coriolis force term, and g is a gravitational term.
- a subtractor 23 subtracts the dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ ) corresponding to the current state and the target motion from the torque sensor information ⁇ e from the torque sensor 12, thereby eliminating the dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ ) of the robot 100 itself, Components from the object 200 and the environment can be extracted as torque information ⁇ ( ⁇ ) e .
- the external force F( ⁇ ) trq can be calculated using the Jacobian matrix J by the following equation (2).
- the subtractor 25 compares the operating external force (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ) through the object 200 with the external force F( ⁇ ) trq from the object 200 and the environment, and the external force is determined by the task operation. It is possible to separate the intended external force from the unexpected unintended external force (estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex ) generated from contact with the environment (equation (3)).
- Fig. 7 shows a specific task and an example of external force estimation corresponding to the task.
- Examples of specific tasks include approaching an object 200 in free space (example 1) and interacting with the environment via a grasping tool (example 2).
- Examples of tasks in which an unintended external force is generated include an unexpected collision with the environment or the object 200 (example 3), or an unexpected collision with the environment or the object 200 while working on the environment via a grasping tool (example 4).
- the estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex is 0 or a value close to 0.
- the estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex becomes a value corresponding to the unintended external force.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of the overall configuration of the robot control device according to the first embodiment, which includes the force control section 30 that performs such force control.
- the robot control device includes a force control section 30 and a joint control section 41.
- the force control unit 30 has a pressure-load conversion unit 31, a Cartesian space control unit 32, a torque command value calculation unit 33, an adder 34, and an external force adaptive control unit 35.
- the joint section 40 includes joint sections 401 and 402 in the case of the configuration example of the hand 101 in FIG. 5, for example.
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 modulates the torque sensor information ⁇ e based on the magnitude of the unintended external force (estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex ) estimated by the external force estimation unit 20 .
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 modulates the torque sensor information ⁇ e such that, for example, as the unintended external force increases, the torque value indicated by the torque sensor information ⁇ e increases.
- the adder 34 calculates torque for the control target region based on the torque command value ⁇ d for the control target region calculated based on the exercise purpose and the post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj modulated by the external force adaptive control unit 35. Calculate the final torque command value.
- the adder 34 corresponds to a specific example of the "torque control section" in the technology of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 An example of hand control of the robot 100 will be described below as an example of force control by the force control unit 30.
- the Cartesian space controller 32 includes various controllers and transforms the motion target xd into an acceleration target x(..) d .
- the controller include a PID (Proportional Integral Differential) controller that realizes a position target at the tip of the hand 101, an impedance controller that realizes contact operation using force information (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ), and the like. is used.
- a linear controller or a nonlinear controller that further increases the positional accuracy of the tip of the hand 101 may be used.
- the torque command value calculation unit 33 calculates the torque command value ⁇ d from the acceleration target x( . d can be realized.
- torque sensor information ⁇ e , ⁇ adj torque sensor information
- the external torque acting on the joint portion 40 of the hand 101 from the environment or the like can be constantly measured as the torque sensor information ⁇ e .
- the external torque (torque sensor information ⁇ e ) obtained by the torque sensor 12 is converted by the external force adaptive control unit 35 into to modulate from 0 to ⁇ e .
- the adder 34 adds the modulated torque sensor information ⁇ adj to the torque command value ⁇ d to achieve natural control switching between rigid control and flexible control.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of torque modulation by the external force adaptive control section 35.
- the following modulation results are obtained.
- the post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj 0.0.
- the post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj ⁇ e .
- torque modulation is not limited to the example of linear modulation described above, and may be modulation using a nonlinear function.
- Fig. 10 shows an example of torque modulation and hand control corresponding to specific tasks.
- the motion purpose is trajectory tracking control of the tip position and tip orientation of the hand 101
- the ability to adapt to external force is weakened, and priority is given to the position control and attitude control of the tip of the hand 101 (high-rigidity and high-precision hand motion).
- the purpose of motion is trajectory tracking control of the tip position and orientation of the hand 101, and the external force estimation result by the external force estimation unit 20 is F( ⁇ ) ex ⁇ 0. becomes.
- the purpose of motion is impedance control of the force via the object 200, and the external force estimation result by the external force estimation unit 20 is F( ⁇ ) ex ⁇ 0.
- the desired operation via the object 200 and the tool is maintained as much as possible, and the hand operation is performed with consideration given to flexibility. How flexible and highly safe the operation should be depends on the modulation by the external force adaptive control section 35 .
- FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of control operation by the robot control device according to the first embodiment.
- the force control unit 30 acquires an external operating force (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ) and torque sensor information ⁇ e (step S101).
- the external force estimation unit 20 calculates an estimated joint torque (dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ )) using inverse dynamics calculation based on the desired motion (step S102).
- the external force estimation unit 20 calculates the estimated external force (external force F( ⁇ ) trq ) based on the estimated joint torque (dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ )), the torque sensor information ⁇ e , and the Jacobian matrix J (step S103). .
- the external force estimation unit 20 calculates a force difference amount (estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex ) from the difference between the estimated external force (external force F( ⁇ ) trq ) and the operation external force (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ) ( step S104).
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 calculates post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj (step S105).
- the adder 34 calculates the final joint command torque from the torque command value ⁇ d from the torque command value calculation unit 33 calculated based on the exercise purpose and the post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj (step S106).
- the joint control unit 41 controls the target joint (joint unit 40) based on the final joint command torque (step S107).
- the torque sensor information ⁇ e and tactile sensor information p and based on the acquired torque sensor information ⁇ e and tactile sensor information p, the intended external force due to the task given to the robot is separated from the external force acting on the control target part, and the unintended external force Estimate the (estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex ). This makes it possible to perform highly accurate external force estimation.
- adaptive force control is performed according to the estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex .
- F( ⁇ ) ex the estimated external force
- high-rigidity and high-precision hand control and high-flexibility and high-safety hand control can be changed based on the same control rule.
- high-rigidity and high-precision hand control and high-flexibility and high-safety hand control are adaptively performed according to tasks and environments. can be realized. It is possible to perform automatic hand control using the estimated external force without the need for manual settings. For example, the following hand control can be automatically performed.
- the position of the tip of the hand 101 Control and attitude control can be prioritized.
- a high task success rate can be achieved by realizing high-rigidity and high-precision hand movements.
- the force of the tip of the hand 101 ( impedance) control can be prioritized.
- the impedance operation of the hand 101 can be realized with high accuracy, and the success rate of the contact task can be improved.
- the tactile sensor 11 has an external force
- the torque sensor 12 There is an external force on the joint 40 of the hand 101
- adaptive control of the external force acting on the joint 40 of the hand 101 can also be considered.
- highly flexible and highly safe hand operations can be taken into account while achieving highly accurate impedance operations of the hand 101 . How highly flexible and highly safe the operation should be depends on the modulation by the external force adaptive control section 35 .
- FIG. 12 shows an overview of hand control by the robot control device and robot control method according to the second embodiment.
- individual hand control may be performed according to the positions of the fingers (the first finger 111 and the second finger 112) of the hand 101 as the grip.
- the finger on the floor side for example, the second finger 112
- Hand control may be performed in which precision is prioritized with a high-rigidity motion, and the opposite finger (for example, the first finger 111) flexibly presses the object 200 with a low-rigidity motion.
- the hand 101 when the hand 101 is configured to have a finger portion corresponding to the thumb and other finger portions, the finger portion corresponding to the thumb is operated with high rigidity, and the other finger portions are operated with low rigidity and flexible operation. You may make it perform hand control which performs.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of the overall configuration of the robot control device according to the second embodiment, which implements the hand control described above.
- the force control section 30 has a plurality of adders 341 and 342 as the adder 34 .
- the adders 341 and 342 correspond to a specific example of the "torque control section" in the technique of the present disclosure.
- the joint angle vectors q1 and q2 from the joints 401 and 402 of the first finger 111 and the second finger 112 are input to the external force estimation unit 20, respectively.
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 individually modulates the torque sensor information ⁇ e in each of the plurality of joints 401 and 402 according to the positions at which the plurality of joints 401 and 402 are provided. Torque sensor information ⁇ adj 1 and ⁇ adj 2 are output to adders 341 and 342 .
- Adders 341 and 342 generate torque command values ⁇ d 1 and ⁇ d 2 for each of the plurality of joints 401 and 402 calculated based on the exercise purpose, and a plurality of torque command values individually modulated by the external force adaptive control section 35 .
- a final torque command value for each of the joints 401 and 402 is calculated based on the post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj 1 and ⁇ adj 2 for each of the joints 401 and 402 .
- the joint control units 411 and 412 control the joint units 401 and 402 based on the final torque command values for each of the multiple joint units 401 and 402 .
- FIG. 14 shows an example of the overall configuration of a robot control device according to the third embodiment.
- the force control section 30 performs force control according to the task designated by the task setting section 50 .
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 calculates torque sensor information ⁇ e is modulated.
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 may modulate the torque sensor information ⁇ e based on the magnitude of the unintended external force estimated by the external force estimating unit 20 and environmental information around the robot 100 .
- the environmental information may include distance information to objects 200 around the robot 100 .
- FIG. 15 shows an example of the overall configuration of a robot control device according to the fourth embodiment, which realizes hand control using distance information as described above.
- the force control unit 30 further has the distance calculation unit 14.
- the distance calculator 14 calculates the distance d between the robot 100 and the surrounding environment or object based on the sensor information from the distance sensor 13 .
- the distance sensor 13 is composed of, for example, a camera (image sensor) or LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging).
- the robot control device it is possible to perform hand control according to the surrounding environment. For example, in an environment where there are people or objects around the robot 100, it is possible to perform hand control to perform highly safe and flexible movements.
- FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing an example of control operation by the robot control device according to the fourth embodiment.
- processing steps other than steps S101A and S105A are the same as those in the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the force control unit 30 acquires the operating external force (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ), the torque sensor information ⁇ e , and the distance d (step S101A).
- the external force estimation unit 20 calculates an estimated joint torque (dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ )) using inverse dynamics calculation based on the desired motion (step S102).
- the external force estimation unit 20 calculates the estimated external force (external force F( ⁇ ) trq ) based on the estimated joint torque (dynamics component ⁇ ( ⁇ )), the torque sensor information ⁇ e , and the Jacobian matrix J (step S103). .
- the external force estimation unit 20 calculates a force difference amount (estimated external force F( ⁇ ) ex ) from the difference between the estimated external force (external force F( ⁇ ) trq ) and the operation external force (external force F( ⁇ ) pre ) ( step S104).
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 sets a torque modulation threshold based on the distance d (step S105A).
- the external force adaptive control unit 35 calculates post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj (step S105B).
- the adder 34 calculates the final joint command torque from the torque command value ⁇ d from the torque command value calculation unit 33 calculated based on the exercise purpose and the post-modulation torque sensor information ⁇ adj (step S106).
- the joint control unit 41 controls the target joint (joint unit 40) based on the final joint command torque (step S107).
- the present technology can also have the following configuration.
- torque sensor information and tactile sensor information are acquired from a torque sensor and a tactile sensor provided in a control target portion of a robot, respectively, and based on the acquired torque sensor information and tactile sensor information, , separates the intended external force due to the task given to the robot from the external force acting on the control target part, and estimates the unintended external force. This makes it possible to perform highly accurate external force estimation.
- the external force estimator The robot control device according to (2) above, wherein the first external force is calculated based on the torque sensor information and an estimated torque calculated using an inverse dynamics calculation based on a target motion of the control target portion.
- the external force adaptive control unit that modulates the torque sensor information based on the magnitude of the unintended external force estimated by the external force estimation unit. robot controller.
- a final torque command value for the controlled portion is calculated based on the torque command value for the controlled portion calculated based on the exercise purpose and the torque sensor information modulated by the external force adaptive control section.
- the robot control device according to any one of (4) above, further comprising a torque control section.
- the control target part has a plurality of joint parts, The torque sensor is provided in each of the plurality of joints, The external force adaptive control unit performs individual modulation on the torque sensor information of each of the plurality of joints according to the positions at which the plurality of joints are provided, The torque control unit controls torque command values for each of the plurality of joints calculated based on the exercise purpose, and the torque sensors at each of the plurality of joints individually modulated by the external force adaptive control unit.
- the robot control device according to (5) above, wherein a final torque command value for each of the plurality of joints is calculated based on the information.
- the external force adaptive control section modulates the torque sensor information based on the magnitude of the unintended external force estimated by the external force estimating section and a designated task. robot controller.
- the external force adaptive control unit modulates the torque sensor information based on the magnitude of the unintended external force estimated by the external force estimation unit and environmental information around the robot. robot controller.
- the robot control device according to (9), wherein the environment information includes distance information with respect to objects around the robot.
- the robot includes a hand capable of gripping an object as the control target part, The hand has a gripping portion for gripping the object and a joint portion for moving the gripping portion, The torque sensor is provided at a joint of the hand, The robot control device according to any one of (1) to (10) above, wherein the tactile sensor is provided in a grasping portion of the hand. (12) Acquiring torque sensor information and tactile sensor information from a torque sensor and a tactile sensor provided in a control target part of the robot, respectively; separating an intended external force due to a task given to the robot from an external force acting on the control target part based on the acquired torque sensor information and the tactile sensor information, and estimating an unintended external force. control method.
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Abstract
Description
0.比較例(図1~図3)
1.第1の実施の形態(図4~図11)
1.1 外力推定部の構成および外力推定の演算例
1.2 力制御部の構成およびハンド制御の例
1.3 動作
1.4 効果
1.5 変形例
2.第2の実施の形態(指部ごとに個別のハンド制御を行う例)(図12~図13)
3.第3の実施の形態(タスクに応じたハンド制御を行う例)(図14)
4.第4の実施の形態(周辺環境に応じたハンド制御を行う例)(図15~図16)
5.その他の実施の形態
(比較例に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法の概要と課題)
図1は、比較例に係るロボットによるハンド操作の対象となる物体が置かれた環境の一例を示している。
[1.1 外力推定部の構成および外力推定の演算例]
図4は、本開示の第1の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置およびロボット制御方法による制御の対象となるロボット100の一例を概略的に示している。図5は、ロボット100のハンド101の一例を概略的に示している。
第1の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置およびロボット制御方法では、上記のような推定外力F(^)exに基づいて、ロボット100の制御対象部位の力制御を行う。
図8は、このような力制御を行う力制御部30を備えた、第1の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置の全体構成例を示している。
加算器34は、本開示の技術における「トルク制御部」の一具体例に相当する。
・外力推定値(推定外力F(^)ex)が閾値th1より小さい場合、変調後のトルクセンサ情報τadjは、τadj=0.0となる。
・外力推定値(推定外力F(^)ex)が閾値th2より大きい場合、変調後のトルクセンサ情報τadjは、τadj=τeとなる。
・外力推定値(推定外力F(^)ex)が閾値th1からth2の間は、変調後のトルクセンサ情報τadjは、例えば式(5)のような線形変換により、τadj=0~τeとなる。
図11は、第1の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置による制御動作の一例を示すフローチャートである。
以上説明したように、第1の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置およびロボット制御方法によれば、ロボット100の制御対象部位に設けられたトルクセンサ12および触覚センサ11からそれぞれ、トルクセンサ情報τeおよび触覚センサ情報pを取得し、取得したトルクセンサ情報τeおよび触覚センサ情報pに基づいて、制御対象部位に働く外力から、ロボットに与えられたタスクによる意図した外力を分離し、意図しない外力(推定外力F(^)ex)を推定する。これにより、精度の高い外力推定を行うことが可能となる。
以上の説明では、外力適応制御部35によるトルク変調を所定の関数を用いて行う例を挙げたが、あらかじめ決められた関数ではなく、例えば機械学習による変調パラメータを用いてトルク変調を行うようにしてもよい。これにより、学習環境下で、ロバストかつハンド動作に適した制御パラメータを取得することができる。
次に、本開示の第2の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法について説明する。なお、以下では、上記第1の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法の構成要素と略同じ部分については、同一符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。
加算器341,342は、本開示の技術における「トルク制御部」の一具体例に相当する。
次に、本開示の第3の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法について説明する。なお、以下では、上記第1または第2の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法の構成要素と略同じ部分については、同一符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。
次に、本開示の第4の実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法について説明する。なお、以下では、上記第1ないし第3のいずれかの実施の形態に係るロボット制御装置、およびロボット制御方法の構成要素と略同じ部分については、同一符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。
本開示による技術は、上記各実施の形態の説明に限定されず種々の変形実施が可能である。
以下の構成の本技術によれば、ロボットの制御対象部位に設けられたトルクセンサおよび触覚センサからそれぞれ、トルクセンサ情報および触覚センサ情報を取得し、取得したトルクセンサ情報および触覚センサ情報に基づいて、制御対象部位に働く外力から、ロボットに与えられたタスクによる意図した外力を分離し、意図しない外力を推定する。
これにより、精度の高い外力推定を行うことが可能となる。
ロボットの制御対象部位に設けられたトルクセンサおよび触覚センサからそれぞれ、トルクセンサ情報および触覚センサ情報を取得し、取得した前記トルクセンサ情報および前記触覚センサ情報に基づいて、前記制御対象部位に働く外力から、前記ロボットに与えられたタスクによる意図した外力を分離し、意図しない外力を推定する外力推定部
を備える
ロボット制御装置。
(2)
前記外力推定部は、前記トルクセンサ情報に基づいて算出された第1の外力から、前記触覚センサ情報に基づいて算出された第2の外力を減算することによって前記意図しない外力を推定する
上記(1)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(3)
前記外力推定部は、
前記トルクセンサ情報と、前記制御対象部位の目標動作に基づく逆動力学演算を用いて算出された推定トルクとに基づいて前記第1の外力を算出する
上記(2)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(4)
前記外力推定部によって推定された前記意図しない外力の大きさに基づいて、前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う外力適応制御部、をさらに備える
上記(1)ないし(3)のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御装置。
(5)
運動目的に基づいて算出された前記制御対象部位に対するトルク指令値と、前記外力適応制御部によって変調された前記トルクセンサ情報とに基づいて、前記制御対象部位に対する最終的なトルク指令値を算出するトルク制御部、をさらに備える
上記(4)のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御装置。
(6)
前記外力適応制御部は、前記意図しない外力が大きくなるに従い、前記トルクセンサ情報によって示されるトルク値が大きくなるように前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う
上記(4)または(5)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(7)
前記制御対象部位は、複数の関節部を有し、
前記トルクセンサは前記複数の関節部のそれぞれに設けられ、
前記外力適応制御部は、前記複数の関節部のそれぞれにおける前記トルクセンサ情報に対して、前記複数の関節部が設けられた位置に応じた個別の変調を行い、
前記トルク制御部は、前記運動目的に基づいて算出された前記複数の関節部のそれぞれに対するトルク指令値と、前記外力適応制御部によって個別に変調された前記複数の関節部のそれぞれにおける前記トルクセンサ情報とに基づいて、前記複数の関節部のそれぞれに対する最終的なトルク指令値を算出する
上記(5)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(8)
前記外力適応制御部は、前記外力推定部によって推定された前記意図しない外力の大きさと、指定されたタスクとに基づいて、前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う
上記(4)または(5)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(9)
前記外力適応制御部は、前記外力推定部によって推定された前記意図しない外力の大きさと、前記ロボットの周辺の環境情報とに基づいて、前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う
上記(4)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(10)
前記環境情報は、前記ロボットの周辺の物体に対する距離情報を含む
上記(9)に記載のロボット制御装置。
(11)
前記ロボットは前記制御対象部位として、物体を把持することが可能なハンドを備え、
前記ハンドは、前記物体を把持する把持部と、前記把持部を移動させる関節部とを有し、
前記トルクセンサは、前記ハンドの関節部に設けられ、
前記触覚センサは、前記ハンドの把持部に設けられている
上記(1)ないし(10)のいずれか1つに記載のロボット制御装置。
(12)
ロボットの制御対象部位に設けられたトルクセンサおよび触覚センサからそれぞれ、トルクセンサ情報および触覚センサ情報を取得することと、
取得した前記トルクセンサ情報および前記触覚センサ情報に基づいて、前記制御対象部位に働く外力から、前記ロボットに与えられたタスクによる意図した外力を分離し、意図しない外力を推定することと
を含む
ロボット制御方法。
Claims (12)
- ロボットの制御対象部位に設けられたトルクセンサおよび触覚センサからそれぞれ、トルクセンサ情報および触覚センサ情報を取得し、取得した前記トルクセンサ情報および前記触覚センサ情報に基づいて、前記制御対象部位に働く外力から、前記ロボットに与えられたタスクによる意図した外力を分離し、意図しない外力を推定する外力推定部
を備える
ロボット制御装置。 - 前記外力推定部は、前記トルクセンサ情報に基づいて算出された第1の外力から、前記触覚センサ情報に基づいて算出された第2の外力を減算することによって前記意図しない外力を推定する
請求項1に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記外力推定部は、
前記トルクセンサ情報と、前記制御対象部位の目標動作に基づく逆動力学演算を用いて算出された推定トルクとに基づいて前記第1の外力を算出する
請求項2に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記外力推定部によって推定された前記意図しない外力の大きさに基づいて、前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う外力適応制御部、をさらに備える
請求項1に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 運動目的に基づいて算出された前記制御対象部位に対するトルク指令値と、前記外力適応制御部によって変調された前記トルクセンサ情報とに基づいて、前記制御対象部位に対する最終的なトルク指令値を算出するトルク制御部、をさらに備える
請求項4に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記外力適応制御部は、前記意図しない外力が大きくなるに従い、前記トルクセンサ情報によって示されるトルク値が大きくなるように前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う
請求項4に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記制御対象部位は、複数の関節部を有し、
前記トルクセンサは前記複数の関節部のそれぞれに設けられ、
前記外力適応制御部は、前記複数の関節部のそれぞれにおける前記トルクセンサ情報に対して、前記複数の関節部が設けられた位置に応じた個別の変調を行い、
前記トルク制御部は、前記運動目的に基づいて算出された前記複数の関節部のそれぞれに対するトルク指令値と、前記外力適応制御部によって個別に変調された前記複数の関節部のそれぞれにおける前記トルクセンサ情報とに基づいて、前記複数の関節部のそれぞれに対する最終的なトルク指令値を算出する
請求項5に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記外力適応制御部は、前記外力推定部によって推定された前記意図しない外力の大きさと、指定されたタスクとに基づいて、前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う
請求項4に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記外力適応制御部は、前記外力推定部によって推定された前記意図しない外力の大きさと、前記ロボットの周辺の環境情報とに基づいて、前記トルクセンサ情報の変調を行う
請求項4に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記環境情報は、前記ロボットの周辺の物体に対する距離情報を含む
請求項9に記載のロボット制御装置。 - 前記ロボットは前記制御対象部位として、物体を把持することが可能なハンドを備え、
前記ハンドは、前記物体を把持する把持部と、関節部とを有し、
前記トルクセンサは、前記ハンドの関節部に設けられ、
前記触覚センサは、前記ハンドの把持部に設けられている
請求項1に記載のロボット制御装置。 - ロボットの制御対象部位に設けられたトルクセンサおよび触覚センサからそれぞれ、トルクセンサ情報および触覚センサ情報を取得することと、
取得した前記トルクセンサ情報および前記触覚センサ情報に基づいて、前記制御対象部位に働く外力から、前記ロボットに与えられたタスクによる意図した外力を分離し、意図しない外力を推定することと
を含む
ロボット制御方法。
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| JP2010069584A (ja) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-04-02 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | マニピュレータの制御装置および制御方法 |
| WO2020017370A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | ソニー株式会社 | 制御装置、制御方法、及び制御システム |
| WO2020246263A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-10 | ソニー株式会社 | 制御装置および方法、並びに、プログラム |
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| US11618163B2 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2023-04-04 | Fanuc Corporation | Industrial robot system |
| JP7057316B2 (ja) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-04-19 | ファナック株式会社 | ロボット |
| US11548152B2 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2023-01-10 | Dextrous Robotics, Inc. | Systems and methods for robotic control under contact |
| US11999059B2 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-06-04 | Boston Dynamics, Inc. | Limiting arm forces and torques |
| JPWO2022269850A1 (ja) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009101424A (ja) * | 2006-12-14 | 2009-05-14 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | ロボット |
| JP2010069584A (ja) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-04-02 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | マニピュレータの制御装置および制御方法 |
| WO2020017370A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | ソニー株式会社 | 制御装置、制御方法、及び制御システム |
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