WO2023276855A1 - Machine tool and method for operating machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a machine tool 10 capable of performing turning of a workpiece 20 including a first portion 21 having a first axis O1, and a second portion 22 having a second axis O2 eccentric from the first axis O1, the machine tool 10 comprising: a first work spindle 11 that grips the workpiece 20 at the first portion 21, and rotates the workpiece 20 about the first axis O1; a second work spindle 12 that is installed concentric to the first work spindle 11, grips the workpiece 20 at the second portion 22, and rotates the workpiece 20 about the second axis O2; a tool spindle 13 that is installed to be movable in a direction in which rotation axes of the first and second work spindles 11, 12 extend, and in a direction intersecting the rotation axes, and holds a tool 30 for turning of the workpiece 20; and a workpiece holder 15 that is detachably attached to the tool spindle 13, and, in a state of being attached to the tool spindle 13, holds the workpiece 20. This makes it possible to easily perform turning of a workpiece having a plurality of portions which are eccentric to each other.

Description

Machine tools and methods of operating machine tools

The present disclosure relates to a machine tool and a method of operating the machine tool.

Conventionally, machine tools capable of turning a workpiece are known (for example, Patent Document 1). The machine tool disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a first work spindle that grips and rotates a work, a second work spindle that is provided coaxially with the first work spindle and rotates while gripping a work, and first and second work spindles. a tool spindle that is movably provided in a direction in which a rotation axis of the work spindle extends and in a direction that intersects the rotation axis, and holds a tool for turning the work.

JP 2006-263861 A

By the way, there are cases where it is desired to turn a work having multiple parts that are eccentric to each other. In such a case, for example, after one part is held by the first work spindle and turned, the other part is held by the second work spindle and turned. However, since the one portion and the other portion are eccentric to each other, it is necessary to move the workpiece in a direction that intersects its axis when turning from the former to the latter. Such movement is conventionally performed using a lifting device or the like separate from the machine tool, but it is desired to realize a simpler method. Under such circumstances, one object of the present disclosure is to easily turn a workpiece having a plurality of portions that are eccentric to each other.

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to machine tools. The machine tool is capable of turning a work including a first portion having a first axis and a second portion having a second axis eccentric from the first axis, wherein the work is a first workpiece spindle that is gripped by the first portion and rotated around the first axis; a second work spindle that rotates around the center; and a tool that is provided movably in a direction in which the rotation axes of the first and second work spindles extend and in a direction that intersects the rotation axes for turning the work. and a work holder that is detachably attached to the tool spindle and holds the work while attached to the tool spindle.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of operating the machine tool described above. The operating method includes a first holding step of holding a first portion of the work by the first work main shaft in a state in which the rotation axis of the first work main shaft and the first axial center are aligned; a first turning step of turning the first portion with a tool held by the tool spindle while rotating about the first axis; a second holding step of holding; a releasing step of releasing the work from the first work spindle; and a movement of moving the tool spindle such that the rotation axis of the second work spindle and the second axis are aligned. a third holding step of holding a second portion of the work by the second work spindle in a state in which the rotation axis of the second work spindle and the second axis coincide; and a second turning step of turning the second portion with the tool held by the tool spindle while rotating about the second axis.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to easily turn a workpiece having a plurality of portions that are eccentric to each other.

While the novel features of the present invention are set forth in the appended claims, the present invention, both as to construction and content, together with other objects and features of the present application, will be better understood by the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings. will be understood.

1 is a front view schematically showing an example of a machine tool according to the present disclosure; FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the main parts of the machine tool in the first holding process; FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the main part of the machine tool in the first turning process; FIG. 10 is a front view schematically showing the main parts of the machine tool in the second holding process; FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the main part of the machine tool in the releasing process; FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the main part of the machine tool in the movement process; FIG. 11 is a front view schematically showing the main parts of the machine tool in the third holding process; FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the main part of the machine tool in the releasing process; FIG. 10 is a front view schematically showing the main part of the machine tool in the second turning process; FIG. 10 is a side view schematically showing a work holder of Embodiment 2;

An embodiment of a machine tool and a machine tool operating method according to the present disclosure will be described below with examples. However, the disclosure is not limited to the examples described below. In the following description, specific numerical values and materials may be exemplified, but other numerical values and materials may be applied as long as the effects of the present disclosure can be obtained.

(Machine Tools)
A machine tool according to the present disclosure is a machine tool capable of turning a workpiece including a first portion having a first axis and a second portion having a second axis eccentric from the first axis, It includes a first work spindle, a second work spindle, a tool spindle, and a work holder. The machine tool may be, for example, a multitasking machine having both functions of a turning center and a machining center, but is not limited to this.

The first work spindle grips the work with the first part and rotates it around the first axis. The first work spindle may be a stationary work spindle. The first work spindle may have a chuck mechanism for gripping the work. The first work spindle may have a servo motor for rotating the work.

The second work spindle is provided coaxially with the first work spindle. The second work spindle grips the work with the second portion and rotates it around the second axis. The second work spindle may be a movable work spindle. The second work spindle may be movable in a direction opposite to itself and the first work spindle. The second work spindle may have a chuck mechanism for gripping the work. The second work spindle may have a servo motor for rotating the work.

The first work spindle and the second work spindle may face each other in the horizontal direction. The first work spindle and the second work spindle may be movable relative to each other in opposing directions. In this case, at least one of the first work spindle and the second work spindle should be movable in the direction in which they face each other.

The tool spindle intersects the direction in which the rotation axes of the first and second work spindles extend (for example, the direction in which the first work spindle and the second work spindle face each other; hereinafter also referred to as the Z-axis direction) and the rotation axis. It is provided movably in directions (for example, one direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction and another direction crossing both directions; hereinafter also referred to as the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction). The tool spindle holds a tool for turning the workpiece. The tool spindle may move while bringing the tool it holds into contact with the work rotated by the first work spindle or the second work spindle. Thereby, the workpiece can be turned.

The work holder is detachably provided on the tool spindle. The work holder holds the work while attached to the tool spindle. Such a work holder makes it possible to hold and move the work between turning the first part and turning the second part. Since the work holder is attached to the tool spindle that is movable in the X-Z axis direction, the work held by it is also movable in the X-Z axis direction (that is, three-dimensionally). For example, from a state in which the first axis of the work and the rotation axis of each work spindle coincide (a state suitable for turning the first portion), along the eccentric direction between the first portion and the second portion By moving the work, it is possible to shift to a state in which the second axis of the work and the rotation axis of each work spindle are aligned (a state suitable for turning the second portion). Therefore, the turning of the first portion and the turning of the second portion can be easily performed using only the constituent elements of the machine tool.

The work holder may be a cylindrical member through which the work is inserted. With this configuration, the rigidity of the work holder can be increased, and it is easy to accurately move the work by the work holder.

The workpiece holder may be a member that extends along a predetermined axis and has a hook-shaped cross section. According to this configuration, the work holder has an opening extending along the predetermined axis. A workpiece can be inserted and removed through the opening, and the workpiece can be easily held and released by the workpiece holder.

The work holder may be detachable from the portion of the tool spindle that holds the tool (hereinafter also referred to as the tool holder). In this case, the work holder may have the same interface as the interface for attaching and detaching the tool to and from the tool holder. According to this configuration, there is no need to provide the tool spindle with a special mechanism for attaching the work holder.

The tool spindle may have a detachable part that is provided separately from the part that holds the tool (tool holding part) and that allows the work holder to be detached. According to this configuration, since the weight load of the work held by the work holder is not applied to the tool holding portion, there is no fear that the tool holding portion will be damaged by the weight load.

The machine tool may further include a vibration damping mechanism that supports and dampens the workpiece during turning of the workpiece. The anti-vibration mechanism may be movable in a direction intersecting with the rotation axes of the first and second work spindles (for example, the X-axis direction) while supporting the work. According to this configuration, it is possible to move the work in the X-axis direction while holding the work by the work holder and the anti-vibration mechanism. For example, by arranging the workpiece holder and the anti-vibration mechanism apart in the direction in which the workpiece extends (the Z-axis direction), the center of gravity of the workpiece can be positioned between them and can be stably held. becomes.

The work holder may be arranged inside the machining space of the machine tool when not in use, or may be arranged outside the machining space.

(How to operate a machine tool)
A machine tool operating method according to the present disclosure is the machine tool operating method described above, and includes a first holding step, a first turning step, a second holding step, a releasing step, a moving step, and a third holding step. A holding step and a second turning step are provided.

In the first holding step, the first portion of the work is held by the first work spindle while the rotation axis of the first work spindle is aligned with the first axis. In this state, the rotation axis of the first work spindle (the rotation axis of the second work spindle) and the second axis do not coincide with each other.

In the first turning process, the first portion is turned with a tool held on the tool spindle while rotating the work around the first axis. Rotation of the work may be performed by rotating the chuck mechanism of the first work spindle. The tool spindle may move in the X-Z axis direction while the tool is in contact with the first portion in the turning process.

In the second holding process, the work is held by a work holder attached to the tool spindle. In the second holding step, the work is also held by the first work spindle. That is, in the second holding step, the work is held by the work holder and the first work spindle.

In the release process, the work is released from the first work spindle. As a result, the workpiece is released from being held by the first workpiece spindle. This release may be performed by opening the chuck mechanism of the first work spindle.

In the movement step, the tool spindle is moved so that the rotation axis of the second work spindle and the second axis coincide. By such movement of the tool spindle, the workpiece held by the workpiece holder is moved to a position suitable for gripping the second portion by the second workpiece spindle.

In the third holding step, the second portion of the work is held by the second work spindle with the rotation axis of the second work spindle aligned with the second axis. In this state, the rotation axis of the second work spindle (the rotation axis of the first work spindle) and the first axis do not coincide with each other.

In the second turning process, the second portion is turned with the tool held on the tool spindle while rotating the work around the second axis. Rotation of the work may be performed by rotating the chuck mechanism of the second work spindle. The tool spindle may move in the X-Z axis direction while the tool is in contact with the second portion in the turning process.

The method of operating the machine tool may further include a mounting step of mounting the work holder on the tool spindle between the first turning step and the second holding step. In the mounting step, the tool may be replaced with the work holder, or the work holder may be mounted with the tool still attached to the tool spindle.

The method of operating the machine tool further comprises, between the third holding step and the second turning step, a release step of releasing the work held by the work holder, and a removal step of removing the work holder from the tool spindle. good too. The work holding by the work holder may be released by moving the tool spindle in the X-Z axis direction. In the removal step, the work holder may be replaced with the tool, or the work holder may simply be removed.

As described above, according to the present disclosure, it is possible to easily turn a workpiece having a plurality of portions (first portion and second portion) that are eccentric to each other.

An example of a machine tool and a method of operating the machine tool according to the present disclosure will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. The components and steps described above are applicable to the components and steps of the example machine tool and method of operating the machine tool described below. The components and steps of the example machine tool and method of operating the machine tool described below may vary based on the above description. Also, the matters described below may be applied to the above embodiments. Among the components and steps of the example machine tool and method of operating the machine tool described below, those components and steps that are not essential to the machine tool and method of operating the machine tool according to the present disclosure may be omitted. It should be noted that the drawings shown below are schematic and do not accurately reflect the actual shape and number of members.

<<Embodiment 1>>
A first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The machine tool 10 of this embodiment is a multitasking machine having both functions of a turning center and a machining center, but is not limited to this. The machine tool 10 can turn a workpiece 20 including a first portion 21 having a first axis O1 and a second portion 22 having a second axis O2 eccentric from the first axis O1. The machine tool 10 includes a first work spindle 11, a second work spindle 12, a tool spindle 13, a tool rest 14, and a work holder 15, as shown in FIGS.

It should be noted that directional terms such as "up", "down", "left", and "right" are used in the following description for convenience and are not intended to limit the disclosure in any way. No. The same applies to the terms "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction", and "Z-axis direction".

The first work spindle 11 is fixedly provided on a bed (not shown) of the machine tool 10 . The first work spindle 11 has a first chuck 11 a for gripping the work 20 with the first portion 21 . The first work spindle 11 rotates the work 20 around the first axis O1 by rotating the first chuck 11a.

The second work spindle 12 is movably provided on the bed. The second work spindle 12 is provided coaxially with the first work spindle 11 . The second work spindle 12 is movable in a direction facing the first work spindle 11 (horizontal direction in FIG. 1). The second work spindle 12 is moved by a moving mechanism (not shown). The second work spindle 12 has a second chuck 12 a for gripping a second portion 22 of the work 20 . The second work spindle 12 rotates the work 20 around the second axis O2 by rotating the second chuck 12a.

The rotation axis of the first work spindle 11 and the rotation axis of the second work spindle 12 coincide with each other. The rotation axes of the first work spindle 11 and the second work spindle 12 extend in the Z-axis direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 1).

The tool spindle 13 is provided movably in the X-axis direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 1), the Y-axis direction (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1), and the Z-axis direction. The tool spindle 13 is moved by a moving mechanism (not shown). The tool spindle 13 holds a tool 30 for turning the workpiece 20 . The tool spindle 13 moves in the X-Z axis direction while bringing the tool 30 it holds into contact with the work 20 rotated by the first work spindle 11 or the second work spindle 12 .

The tool post 14 is movably provided on the bed between the first work spindle 11 and the second work spindle 12 . The tool rest 14 is movable in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The tool post 14 is moved by a moving mechanism (not shown). A plurality of tools (not shown) can be mounted on the tool post 14 side by side in the circumferential direction (direction around the Z-axis). The tool post 14 can also be fitted with a vibration damping mechanism 40 (see, for example, FIG. 2). The anti-vibration mechanism 40 suppresses vibration of the work 20 while allowing the work 20 to rotate while the work 20 is turned.

The work holder 15 is detachably provided on the tool spindle 13 . The work holder 15 holds the work 20 while attached to the tool spindle 13 (see FIG. 4, for example). The work holder 15 is movable along with the tool spindle 13 in the X-Z axis direction, that is, three-dimensionally. The work holder 15 of this embodiment is composed of a tubular member through which the work 20 is inserted. The work holder 15 may be, for example, cylindrical, but is not limited to this.

The work holder 15 can be attached to and detached from a tool holder (not shown) of the tool spindle 13 . The workpiece holder 15 has the same interface (for example, a shank) as the interface for attaching and detaching the tool 30 to and from the tool holder. The work holder 15 is positioned outside the machining space of the machine tool 10 while it is removed from the tool holder, ie when not in use.

-How to operate a machine tool-
Next, a method of operating the machine tool described above will be described with reference to FIGS. A machine tool operating method includes a first holding process, a first turning process, a second holding process, a releasing process, a moving process, a third holding process, a releasing process, and a second turning process. .

In the first holding step, as shown in FIG. 2, the first portion 21 of the work 20 is held by the first work spindle 11 in a state where the rotation axis of the first work spindle 11 and the first axis O1 are aligned. do. In addition to this, the workpiece 20 may be supported by the anti-vibration mechanism 40 attached to the tool rest 14 .

In the first turning process, as shown in FIG. 3, the first portion 21 is turned by the tool 30 held on the tool spindle 13 while rotating the work 20 around the first axis O1. Rotation of the work 20 is performed by rotating the first chuck 11 a of the first work spindle 11 .

In the second holding step, the work 20 is held by the work holder 15 attached to the tool spindle 13, as shown in FIG. In the second holding step, the work 20 is also held by the first work spindle 11 and the anti-vibration mechanism 40 .

In the release process, the work 20 is released from the first work spindle 11 as shown in FIG. This release is carried out by opening the first chuck 11a of the first work spindle 11 . As a result, the work 20 is held by the work holder 15 and the anti-vibration mechanism 40 .

In the movement step, as shown in FIG. 6, the tool spindle 13 (work holder 15) is moved so that the rotation axis of the second work spindle 12 and the second axis O2 are aligned. In this example, the workpiece holder 15 is moved upward (white arrow in FIG. 6). During this movement, the tool post 14 (anti-vibration mechanism 40) may also be moved upward. As a result, the work 20 held by the work holder 15 and the anti-vibration mechanism 40 is moved to a position suitable for gripping the second portion 22 by the second work spindle 12 .

In the third holding step, as shown in FIG. 7, the second portion 22 of the work 20 is held by the second work spindle 12 in a state where the rotational axis of the second work spindle 12 and the second axis O2 are aligned. do. As a result, the work 20 is held by the second work spindle 12 , the work holder 15 and the anti-vibration mechanism 40 .

In the release step, as shown in FIG. 8, the workpiece 20 held by the workpiece holder 15 is released. In the release step, after moving the anti-vibration mechanism 40 downward, the work holder 15 is moved away from the second work spindle 12 (to the left in FIG. 8). As a result, the work 20 is relatively pulled out from the work holder 15, and the work 20 held by the work holder 15 is released. After the release, the anti-vibration mechanism 40 may be moved upward to support the work 20 by the anti-vibration mechanism 40 .

In the second turning process, as shown in FIG. 9, the second portion 22 is turned by the tool 30 held on the tool spindle 13 while rotating the work 20 around the second axis O2. Rotation of the work 20 is performed by rotating the second chuck 12 a of the second work spindle 12 . As described above, the workpiece 20 having the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 can be turned.

<<Embodiment 2>>
A second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the holding mechanism of the work holder 15 and the like. Differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described below.

As shown in FIG. 10, the tool spindle 13 has a detachable portion 13a which is provided separately from the tool holding portion and to which the work holder 15 can be detached. The attachment/detachment portion 13 a may be provided on the housing portion of the tool spindle 13 . The detachable portion 13a has an engaging portion (for example, a hook-shaped member) that engages with an engaged portion (for example, a ring-shaped member) of the workpiece holder 15 (both not shown).

The work holder 15 of this embodiment is configured by a member that extends along the axis extending in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 10 and has a hook-shaped cross section. The work holder 15 has an opening 15a extending along the axis. Through this opening 15a, holding of the work 20 by the work holder 15 can be executed and released.

Although the present invention has been described in terms of its presently preferred embodiments, such disclosure should not be construed as limiting. Various alterations and modifications will no doubt become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains after reading the above disclosure. Therefore, the appended claims are to be interpreted as covering all variations and modifications without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

The present disclosure can be used for machine tools and machine tool operating methods.

10: Machine Tool 11: First Work Spindle 11a: First Chuck 12: Second Work Spindle 12a: Second Chuck 13: Tool Spindle 13a: Detachable Portion 14: Tool Post 15: Work Holder 15a: Opening 20: Work 21 : First portion 22: Second portion O1: First axis O2: Second axis 30: Tool 40: Steady rest mechanism

Claims (6)

A machine tool capable of turning a workpiece including a first portion having a first axis and a second portion having a second axis eccentric from the first axis,
a first work spindle that grips the work by the first portion and rotates the work around the first axis;
a second work spindle that is provided coaxially with the first work spindle and that holds the work with the second portion and rotates the work around the second axis;
a tool spindle that is movably provided in a direction in which the rotation axes of the first and second work spindles extend and in a direction that intersects the rotation axes, and holds a tool for turning the workpiece;
a work holder that is detachably provided on the tool spindle and holds the work while attached to the tool spindle;
with
The machine tool, wherein the work holder is a cylindrical member through which the work is inserted. A machine tool capable of turning a workpiece including a first portion having a first axis and a second portion having a second axis eccentric from the first axis,
a first work spindle that grips the work by the first portion and rotates the work around the first axis;
a second work spindle that is provided coaxially with the first work spindle and that holds the work with the second portion and rotates the work around the second axis;
a tool spindle that is movably provided in a direction in which the rotation axes of the first and second work spindles extend and in a direction that intersects the rotation axes, and holds a tool for turning the workpiece;
a work holder that is detachably provided on the tool spindle and holds the work while attached to the tool spindle;
with
A machine tool, wherein the work holder is a member extending along a predetermined axis and having a hook-shaped cross section. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the work holder is attachable to and detachable from a tool holding portion of the tool spindle. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said tool spindle is provided separately from a part for holding a tool, and has an attachment/detachment part to which said work holder can be attached/detached. It further comprises an anti-vibration mechanism for supporting and anti-vibration of the work during turning of the work, wherein the anti-vibration mechanism intersects the rotation axes of the first and second work spindles while supporting the work. The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the machine tool is movable in the direction of A method for operating a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
a first holding step of holding the first portion of the work by the first work spindle in a state where the rotation axis of the first work spindle and the first axis coincide;
a first turning step of turning the first portion with a tool held by the tool spindle while rotating the work around the first axis;
a second holding step of holding the work by the work holder attached to the tool spindle;
a release step of releasing the work from the first work spindle;
a moving step of moving the tool spindle such that the rotation axis of the second work spindle and the second axis are aligned;
a third holding step of holding the second part of the work by the second work spindle in a state where the rotation axis of the second work spindle and the second axis coincide;
a second turning step of turning the second portion with a tool held on the tool spindle while rotating the work around the second axis;
A method of operating a machine tool, comprising:

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