WO2023134186A1 - Method for producing rectal cancer surgical training model and rectal cancer surgical training model - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical technology. Provided in the present invention are a method for producing a rectal cancer surgical training model and the rectal cancer surgical training model. According to the method for producing a rectal cancer surgical training model provided in the present invention, stomach tissue is made into a cylinder shape, one end thereof simulates an anal end, a mucosa layer at the other end is connected to a rectum module to simulate the human rectum, and a serosal layer is fixed to the peritoneum to form a presacral space with the mucosa layer, wherein the stomach tissue has a double-layer membrane structure, and has a texture similar to that of the rectum, which can fully simulate the rectum and the presacral space. The production method of the present invention is simple, rapid, convenient to obtain materials and low in terms of cost. The rectal cancer surgical training model provided in the present invention is produced by means of taking isolated stomach tissue, rectal tissue and peritoneum as raw materials, fully simulates a human rectal environment, can be used for rectal cancer surgical training, and guarantees the feedback of the tactile sensation and strength of training operation, enabling doctors to obtain real and convenient skill training and improve surgical skills. In addition, the rectal cancer surgical training model simplifies the training environment and saves on the investment in terms of sites, cost, labor, etc.

Description

Method for making rectal cancer surgery training model, rectal cancer surgery training model technical field

The invention relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to a method for making a rectal cancer surgery training model and a rectal cancer surgery training model.

Background technique

In a historical stage, surgeons mostly used the teaching mode of training skills on patients, but at the same time brought huge risks in practicing medicine; in order to avoid such risks and master surgical skills, various non-human skill training emerged as the times require .

The current surgical training doctors can only use single animal organs purchased from the market for training, or use live animal surgery, and use virtual simulators composed of 3D animation and force feedback systems, and use plastic, silicone and other products as training modules A simple simulation box for .

However, 1) The organs harvested by ordinary methods are independent of each other, such as a single heart, lung, and trachea, and there is no vascular access, so it is impossible to practice techniques such as separation between organs, naked blood vessels, and hemostasis; it cannot be effectively used for surgical simulation train.

2) The use of live animals for animal surgery requires supporting conditions such as animal operating rooms, temporary animal breeding rooms, and anesthesia equipment. The investment in venues, personnel, and equipment is high, and the convenience is small, which makes the training cost very high. It is difficult for ordinary doctors to have the opportunity to practice a lot To meet the skill requirements of actual human surgery.

3) Existing surgical training equipment that does not use animal organs. First, a simple box-type simulator can only train basic abilities such as spatial sense conversion, hand-eye coordination, and hand-hand coordination. The skill coverage is small and cannot meet the needs of human surgical operations ( Such as the use of energy equipment and surgical procedures, etc.).

4) The second type of surgical training equipment that does not use animal organs is a 3D simulator, but human tissue is a complex multi-layer material, and because its properties depend on the number of layers, thickness of layers, orientation of muscle fibers, humidity, temperature Wait, it's hard to simulate in 3D.

In view of this, the present invention is proposed.

technical problem

The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for making a rectal cancer operation training model, which is simple, convenient and low in cost.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a rectal cancer operation training model to solve at least one of the above problems.

technical solution

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for making a rectal cancer surgery training model, comprising the following steps: a. cutting out gastric tissue, butt-fixing the edges of the gastric tissue to obtain cylindrical gastric tissue with openings at both ends; The inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. anastomose one end of the rectal module with the mucosal layer of one end of the cylindrical gastric tissue; the rectal module includes the rectal tissue; c. cut out a gap, inserting the tissue obtained in step b into the gap, fixing the junction between the rectal module and the cylindrical gastric tissue and the gap, fixing the rectal module and the peritoneum; separating the mucosal layer and serosa layer of the gastric tissue at the gap, The edge of the serosal layer was fixed to the peritoneum 1-2 cm away from the edge of the notch to prepare a rectal cancer surgery training model.

As a further technical solution, the gastric tissue includes the greater curvature of the stomach.

As a further technical solution, the rectal module further includes a mesentery connected to the rectal tissue and blood vessels and lymph node tissues connected to the mesentery.

As a further technical solution, the notch is a circular notch.

As a further technical solution, the diameter of the circular notch is 2.5-3.5 cm.

As a further technical solution, in step c, the method of fixing the rectal module to the peritoneum includes: opening the peritoneum outward from the gap, placing the rectal module along the open position, and connecting the opened peritoneum to both sides of the rectal module fixed; preferably, the length of the opening is 15-25cm.

As a further technical solution, the fixing method includes sewing or gluing.

As a further technical solution, the rectal module includes a mesenteric artery; one end of the mesenteric artery close to the gap is ligated, and the other end is connected to a perfusion head; the perfusion head is used to perfuse simulated blood into the mesenteric artery.

As a further technical solution, the gastric tissue, rectal tissue and peritoneum are independently derived from pigs, cattle, sheep, horses or donkeys.

In the second aspect, the present invention provides a rectal cancer operation training model.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the manufacturing method of the rectal cancer operation training model provided by the present invention, the gastric tissue is made into a cylindrical shape, one end simulates the anus end, and the mucosa layer at the other end is connected to the rectal module for simulation For the human rectum, the serosa layer is fixed to the peritoneum, forming the presacral space with the mucosal layer. The stomach tissue has a double-membrane structure, and its texture is close to that of the rectum. It can fully realize the simulation of the rectum and the presacral space. The production method of the present invention is simple and fast , easy to obtain materials, and low cost.

The rectal cancer surgery training model provided by the present invention is made from isolated gastric tissue, rectal tissue and peritoneum, can fully simulate the rectal environment of the human body, can be used for rectal cancer surgery training, and fully guarantees the feedback of training operation touch and strength , so that doctors can get real and convenient skills training to improve surgical skills; at the same time simplify the training environment and save space, cost, labor and other inputs.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of stomach tissue used in Example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a view after suturing the rectum and stomach tissue and the peritoneum in Example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a rectal cancer surgery training model provided by Example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the insertion position of the perfusion head provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be further described below through specific examples and comparative examples. However, it should be understood that these examples are only used for more detailed description, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any form.

Example 1 A rectal cancer surgery training model, its preparation method is as follows: a. Remove the greater and lesser omentum of the pig stomach, intercept the stomach tissue at the greater curvature of the pig stomach, suture and fix the edge of the stomach tissue, and obtain a circle with two open ends. Cylindrical gastric tissue, wherein the inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. Cut out the porcine rectum, anastomose one end of the rectum with the mucosal layer at one end of the cylindrical gastric tissue, and suture and fix it; c. Pig peritoneum, cut a circular gap with a diameter of 3 cm on the peritoneum, insert the tissue obtained in step b into the circular gap, fix the joint between the rectum and the cylindrical stomach tissue and the circular gap, and suture the rectal module On the peritoneum: the mucosal layer and the serosa layer of the gastric tissue at the circular incision were separated for 1.5, and the edge of the serosa layer was fixed to the peritoneum 1 cm away from the edge of the incision to prepare a rectal cancer surgery training model.

Embodiment 2 A kind of rectal cancer operation training model, its preparation method is as follows: a. Remove the greater and lesser omentum of pig stomach, intercept the stomach tissue at the greater curvature of pig stomach, as shown in Figure 1, suture and fix the edge of stomach tissue, Obtain a cylindrical gastric tissue with openings at both ends, wherein the inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. Cut off the rectal tissue of the pig, retain the mesentery connected to the rectum and the blood vessels connected to the mesentery and For lymph node tissue, the non-anal end of the rectum is anastomosed with the mucous membrane layer at one end of the cylindrical gastric tissue, and sutured and fixed; the end of the mesenteric vessel artery near the interface (that is, the connection between the rectum and gastric tissue) is ligated, and the other end is connected to the perfusion head c. Cut out the pig peritoneum, cut out a circular gap with a diameter of 3 cm on the peritoneum, insert the tissue obtained in step b into the circular gap, suture and fix the joint between the rectum and the cylindrical gastric tissue and the circular gap, As shown in Figure 2; use a knife to cut the peritoneum 20 cm outward from the gap, place the rectal tissue at the cut position, and suture the opened peritoneum and both sides of the rectal module to fix; the gastric tissue mucosa at the circular gap The layer and the serosa layer were separated by 2 cm, and the edge of the serosa layer was fixed to the peritoneum 1 cm away from the edge of the gap to prepare a rectal cancer surgery training model, as shown in FIG. 3 .

In use, a solution of red pigment is infused into the arteries of the mesenteric vessels through the infusion tip.

Example 3 A rectal cancer surgery training model, its preparation method is as follows: a. Remove the greater and lesser omentum of the sheep stomach, intercept the gastric tissue between the greater curvature and the lesser curvature of the sheep stomach, and glue and fix the edge of the gastric tissue to obtain Cylindrical gastric tissue with openings at both ends, wherein the inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. The sheep rectal tissue is cut, and the mesentery connected to the rectum and the blood vessels and lymph nodes connected to the mesentery are retained tissue, the non-anal end of the rectum is anastomosed with the mucous membrane layer at the end of the cylindrical gastric tissue, and sutured and fixed; the end of the mesenteric artery close to the interface (that is, the connection between the rectum and the gastric tissue) is ligated, and the other end is connected to the perfusion head. As shown in Figure 4; c. Cut the sheep peritoneum, cut out a circular gap with a diameter of 2.5 cm on the peritoneum, insert the tissue obtained in step b into the circular gap, and connect the junction of the rectum and the cylindrical gastric tissue and The circular incision is glued and fixed; use scissors to cut the peritoneum 15cm outward from the incision, place the rectal tissue along the cut position, and suture the opened peritoneum and both sides of the rectal module; The mucosal layer and the serosa layer were separated by 2 cm, and the edge of the serosa layer was fixed to the peritoneum 2 cm away from the edge of the gap to prepare a rectal cancer surgery training model.

In use, a solution of red pigment is infused into the arteries of the mesenteric vessels through the infusion tip.

Example 4 A rectal cancer surgery training model, its preparation method is as follows: a. Remove the greater and lesser omentum of the cow's stomach, intercept the stomach tissue at the greater curvature of the cow's stomach, suture and fix the edge of the stomach tissue, and obtain a circle with two open ends. Cylindrical gastric tissue, wherein the inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. Cut off the donkey rectal tissue, keep the mesentery connected to the rectum and the blood vessels and lymph node tissue connected to the mesentery, and divide the rectal tissue The non-anal end is anastomosed with the mucous membrane layer at the end of the cylindrical gastric tissue, and sutured and fixed; the end of the mesenteric artery close to the interface (that is, the connection between the rectum and the gastric tissue) is ligated, and the other end is connected to the perfusion head; c. Harvest the equine peritoneum , cut a circular gap with a diameter of 3.5 cm on the peritoneum, insert the tissue obtained in step b into the circular gap, and fix the joint between the rectum and the cylindrical gastric tissue and the circular gap; use a knife to cut the peritoneum from the gap The rectal tissue was cut outward by 25 cm, and the rectal tissue was placed along the cut position, and the opened peritoneum was connected and fixed with both sides of the rectal module; the mucosal layer and serosa layer of the gastric tissue at the circular gap were separated by 1.5 cm, and the serosa The edge of the layer was fixed to the peritoneum 1 cm away from the edge of the notch, and a rectal cancer surgery training model was prepared.

In use, a solution of red pigment is infused into the arteries of the mesenteric vessels through the infusion tip.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Embodiments of the present invention

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments and examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. If the specific conditions are not specified, follow the general conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used were not indicated by the manufacturer, and they were all conventional products that could be purchased from the market.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for making a rectal cancer surgery training model, comprising the following steps: a. cutting out gastric tissue, butt-fixing the edges of the gastric tissue to obtain cylindrical gastric tissue with openings at both ends; The inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. anastomose one end of the rectal module with the mucosal layer of one end of the cylindrical gastric tissue; the rectal module includes the rectal tissue; c. cut out a gap, inserting the tissue obtained in step b into the gap, fixing the junction between the rectal module and the cylindrical gastric tissue and the gap, fixing the rectal module and the peritoneum; separating the mucosal layer and serosa layer of the gastric tissue at the gap, The edge of the serosal layer was fixed to the peritoneum 1-2 cm away from the edge of the notch to prepare a rectal cancer surgery training model.

The manufacturing method of the rectal cancer operation training model provided by the present invention is to make the gastric tissue into a cylindrical shape, one end simulates the anus end, and the mucosal layer at the other end is connected with the rectal module to simulate the human rectum, the serosa layer is fixed on the peritoneum, and the mucosal layer Constitutes the presacral space; the peritoneum is used to simulate the human peritoneum. The stomach tissue has a double-membrane structure, and its texture is close to that of the rectum, which can fully realize the simulation of the rectum and the presacral space.

In some preferred embodiments, the gastric tissue comprises the greater curvature of the stomach.

Stomach tissue, the tissue near the lesser curvature of the stomach is thicker, and the tissue near the greater curvature of the stomach is thinner. In the present invention, the gastric tissue near the greater curvature of the stomach is preferably used to prepare cylindrical gastric tissue, and the cylindrical gastric tissue and The human rectum is close to the human rectum, which is conducive to better simulation of the human rectum.

In some preferred embodiments, the rectal module also includes, but is not limited to, the mesentery connected to the rectal tissue and blood vessels and lymph node tissues connected to the mesentery, or other tissues or organs near the rectum, for better Simulates the surrounding environment of the rectum.

The mesentery connected to the rectal tissue and the blood vessels and lymph node tissues connected to the mesentery are used to simulate the surrounding environment of the human rectum. In the present invention, the rectal module including the above tissues can better realize the simulation of the human rectum.

In some preferred embodiments, the notch is a circular notch.

In the present invention, the notch on the peritoneum is used to pass through the rectal module, and the section of the rectal module is circular, so it is preferable to trim the notch to be circular.

In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the circular notch may be, for example, but not limited to 2.5cm, 2.7cm, 2.9cm, 3.0cm, 3.3cm or 3.5cm. The size of the circular notch matches the diameter of the rectum, and the notch is cut according to the diameter of the rectum.

In some preferred embodiments, in step c, the method of fixing the rectal module to the peritoneum includes: opening the peritoneum outward from the gap. The present invention does not specifically limit the method of opening. cut outwards. Then place the rectal module along the open position, and connect and fix the opened peritoneum with both sides of the rectal module; preferably, the length of the opening can be, but not limited to, 15cm, 17cm, 19cm, 21cm, 23cm or 25cm . The length of opening is selected according to the size of the model and the length of the rectum.

In some preferred embodiments, the fixing means include suture or glue, or other fixing means known to those skilled in the art.

In some preferred embodiments, the rectal module includes a mesenteric artery; one end of the mesenteric artery close to the gap is ligated, and the other end is connected to a perfusion head; the perfusion head is used to perfuse simulated blood into the mesenteric artery.

The invention simulates the inferior mesenteric artery of the human body by using the mesenteric vessel artery, and injects simulated blood into the blood vessel by connecting the perfusion head, which can be used for the training of the human inferior mesenteric artery resection operation.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, simulated blood refers to a liquid that can be used to simulate blood, such as water, physiological saline, red liquid, and the like.

In some preferred embodiments, the gastric tissue, rectal tissue and peritoneum are each independently derived from the gastric tissue, rectal tissue or peritoneum.

In the second aspect, the present invention provides a rectal cancer operation training model.

The rectal cancer surgery training model provided by the present invention is made from isolated gastric tissue, rectal tissue and peritoneum, and the place where the rectum is connected to the rectum simulated by gastric tissue is used as the lesion, which can fully simulate the human rectal environment and can be used in The training of rectal cancer surgery fully guarantees the feedback of the sense of touch and strength of the training operation, so that doctors can get real and convenient skill training and improve their surgical skills; at the same time, the training environment is simplified to save space, cost, labor and other inputs.

Claims (10)

A method for making a rectal cancer surgery training model, comprising the following steps: a. Cutting out the gastric tissue, docking and fixing the edges of the gastric tissue to obtain a cylindrical gastric tissue with openings at both ends; the inner wall of the cylindrical gastric tissue is the mucosal layer of the gastric tissue; b. one end of the rectal module is anastomosed with the mucous membrane layer at one end of the cylindrical gastric tissue; the rectal module includes rectal tissue; c. Cut out a gap on the peritoneum, insert the tissue obtained in step b into the gap, fix the joint between the rectal module and the cylindrical gastric tissue and the gap, and fix the rectal module to the peritoneum; The mucosal layer and the serosa layer were separated, and the edge of the serosa layer was fixed to the peritoneum 1-2 cm away from the edge of the gap to prepare a rectal cancer surgery training model. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the gastric tissue comprises the greater curvature of the stomach. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the rectal module further comprises mesentery connected to rectal tissue and blood vessels and lymph node tissues connected to the mesentery. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the notch is a circular notch. The manufacturing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the diameter of the circular notch is 2.5-3.5 cm. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, characterized in that in step c, the method of fixing the rectal module to the peritoneum comprises: opening the peritoneum outward from the gap, placing the rectal module along the open position, The peritoneum is connected and fixed to both sides of the rectal module; Preferably, the opened length is 15-25cm. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the fixing method includes sewing or gluing. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the rectal module includes a mesenteric artery; one end of the mesenteric artery near the gap is ligated, and the other end is connected to a perfusion head; The arteries were perfused with simulated blood. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the stomach tissue, rectal tissue and peritoneum are independently derived from pigs, cattle, sheep, horses or donkeys. The rectal cancer operation training model manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method described in any one of claims 1-9.