WO2023111465A1 - Procédé de fabrication de produits d'isolation à base de fibres minérales ou de fibres organiques naturelles - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication de produits d'isolation à base de fibres minérales ou de fibres organiques naturelles Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023111465A1 WO2023111465A1 PCT/FR2022/052374 FR2022052374W WO2023111465A1 WO 2023111465 A1 WO2023111465 A1 WO 2023111465A1 FR 2022052374 W FR2022052374 W FR 2022052374W WO 2023111465 A1 WO2023111465 A1 WO 2023111465A1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
- C03C25/32—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/005—Lignin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J197/00—Adhesives based on lignin-containing materials
- C09J197/005—Lignin
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
- D04H1/26—Wood pulp
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
- D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
- D21H13/40—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/18—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with itself, or other added substances, e.g. by grafting on the fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/53—Polyethers; Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing insulation products comprising mineral fibers or natural organic fibers bound by an organic binder obtained by hardening or crosslinking a sizing composition containing an optionally oxidized lignin and an organic polycarboxylic acid non-polymeric.
- the invention also relates to the insulating products obtained by such a process.
- the manufacture of insulating products based on mineral fibers generally comprises a step of manufacturing glass or rock fibers by a centrifugation process. On their way between the centrifugation device and the fiber collection belt, the still hot fibers are sprayed with an aqueous sizing composition, also called an aqueous binder composition, which then undergoes a polymerization reaction at temperatures generally above 100°C.
- an aqueous sizing composition also called an aqueous binder composition
- thermosetting resins as binders, contained in sizing compositions, has made it possible to bind mineral fibers and improve the mechanical performance of the insulation products obtained.
- the thermosetting resins most commonly used for the manufacture of mineral wool insulation products are resol type phenolic resins. In addition to their good ability to crosslink under the aforementioned thermal conditions, these resins are soluble in water, have a good affinity for mineral fibers thanks in particular to the presence of silane, and are relatively inexpensive.
- resols are obtained by condensation of phenol and formaldehyde, in the presence of a basic catalyst. In the end, these resols contain a certain proportion of unreacted monomers, in particular formaldehyde, the presence of which is not desired because of its proven harmful effects.
- resol-based resins are generally treated with urea which reacts with free formaldehyde, trapping it in the form of condensates. non-volatile urea-formaldehyde.
- urea non-volatile urea-formaldehyde.
- the presence of urea in the resin also brings a certain economic advantage because of its low cost, because it can be introduced in relatively large quantities without affecting the qualities of use of the resin, in particular without harming the mechanical performance of the final product, which significantly lowers the total cost of the resin.
- the Applicant has proposed in its applications WO2010/029266 and WO201 3/014399 sizing compositions based on hydrogenated sugars, also called sugar alcohols, for binding mineral fibers. These reagents have very good thermal stability and give the final product good mechanical performance.
- binders obtained after hardening or crosslinking of sizing compositions comprising polyisocyanates are known to use binders obtained after hardening or crosslinking of sizing compositions comprising polyisocyanates.
- polyisocyanates most commonly used in the wood fiber industry, mention may be made of poly(methylene diphenyl isocyanate) (pMDI, CAS number 9016-87-9) which is a technical grade mixture containing 30 to 80% of MDI (methylene diphenyl isocyanate) and higher molecular weight homologs of the formula [Formula 1]
- EMDIs emulsifiable pMDIs
- EMDIs emulsifiable pMDIs
- hydrophilic chains for example polyethoxylated chains
- pMDI in the form of aqueous emulsions allows a regular distribution of the binder on the natural organic fibers without prior drying, which constitutes a significant saving in energy.
- binders based on polyisocyanates even in the form of aqueous emulsions of pMDI, constitutes a significant problem of harmfulness at the place of manufacture of the panels, due to the presence of polyisocyanates.
- polyisocyanates are very reactive and remain expensive raw materials.
- the Applicant has therefore sought a process for manufacturing both insulating products based on mineral fibers and insulating products based on natural organic fibers which uses the same type of organic binder, in other words the same sizing composition which makes it possible to bonding both mineral fibers and natural organic fibers after hardening; such a sizing composition preferably being bio-sourced, having to be not very harmful, inexpensive, having a good ability to crosslink and being able to be distributed uniformly on any of the aforementioned fibers and making it possible to obtain insulating products having good mechanical properties.
- the desired sizing composition must also have the advantage of not polymerizing/crosslinking or very shortly before passage through the appropriate heating device, and/or to polymerize/cure rapidly upon passage through the appropriate heating device.
- the present application relates more specifically to a process for manufacturing an insulation product comprising mineral fibers or natural organic fibers bound by an organic binder, comprising the following steps:
- said sizing composition comprises: at least one lignin, optionally oxidized, and at least a non-polymeric organic polycarboxylic acid.
- the lignin according to the invention is a lignin extracted from so-called "native" lignin which is a biomolecule which is part of a family of polyphenolic polymer macromolecules (family of lato sensu tannins), which is one of the main components of wood with the cellulose and hemicellulose.
- Figure 1 [Fig.1] shows a possible structure of native lignin.
- Native lignin is a macromolecule with a molar mass much greater than 10,000 g. mol' 1 and which is not soluble in water.
- Native lignin is present mainly in vascular plants and in some algae. Its main functions are to provide rigidity, impermeability to water and high resistance to decomposition.
- vascular plants All vascular plants, ligneous and herbaceous, produce lignin.
- the native lignin content is 3-5% in leaves, 17-24% in herbaceous stems, 18-33% in woody stems (18-25% in hardwood of angiosperm trees, 27-33% soft wood of gymnosperm trees). It is less present in annual plants than in perennial plants, it is very present in the trees.
- Native lignin is mainly localized between cells, but a significant amount is found inside them. Although lignin is a complex hydrophobic three-dimensional network, the basic unit essentially boils down to a monolignol unit. After cellulose (constituting 35 to 50% of terrestrial plant biomass) and hemicellulose (30 to 45%), lignin (15 to 25%) forms the third family of compounds in order of abundance in plants and in terrestrial ecosystems dominated by living or dead plant biomass.
- Lignin is a macromolecule whose possible structure is represented in FIG. 2 [Fig. 2],
- the lignin, according to the invention is extracted by cleavage of the 0-0-4 ether bonds of the native lignin and therefore has a molar mass lower than that of the native lignin from which it is derived, i.e. d. an average molar mass of less than 10,000 g. mol′ 1 , preferably a molar mass of between 1000 g. mol' 1 and 9000 g. mol' 1 .
- the lignin can be chosen from alkaline lignins, also called kraft lignins, lignosulphonates, organosolv lignins, sodium lignins, lignins originating from the bio-refining process of lignocellulosic raw materials, or a mixture of these.
- alkaline lignins also called kraft lignins, lignosulphonates, organosolv lignins, sodium lignins, lignins originating from the bio-refining process of lignocellulosic raw materials, or a mixture of these.
- the four groups of lignins available on the market are alkaline or kraft lignins, lignosulfonates, organosolv lignins (extracted lignins and sodium lignins).
- the fifth group is the so-called bio-refinery lignin which is a bit different as it is not described by its extraction process, but rather by the origin of the process, e.g. by bio-refining and therefore may be similar or different from any of the other groups mentioned.
- the lignin, according to the invention is preferably alkaline lignin, also called kraft lignin.
- FIG. 2 shows a possible structure of lignin according to the invention.
- the reactive functional group present in large quantities in a typical lignin is the hydroxyl group, which is either an aromatic hydroxyl group or an aliphatic hydroxyl group, i.e. a primary alcohol function or an alcohol function. secondary (a secondary alcohol function being less reactive than a primary alcohol function).
- the hydroxyl groups of lignin can react with cross-linking agents such as isocyanates or epoxides, amines or aldehydes leading to a cross-linked structure of the lignin, following different cross-linking mechanisms.
- these crosslinking agents are of less interest due to their toxicity (isocyanates, amines, formaldehyde) and/or their cost (epoxides, amines, aldehydes other than formaldehyde).
- non-polymeric polycarboxylic acids which themselves are not very toxic, could crosslink lignin.
- these non-polymeric polycarboxylic acids, as lignin crosslinking agents made it possible to bind both mineral fibers and natural organic fibers after hardening or crosslinking of these constituents; also making it possible to obtain insulating products with just as good mechanical performance, or even better mechanical performance, compared to the use of other known crosslinking agents such as formaldehyde or isocyanates.
- non-polymeric organic polycarboxylic acid is meant in the present application an organic polycarboxylic acid which is not a macromolecule consisting of the assembly of monomers having a molar mass of between 90 g. mol' 1 and 350 g. mol' 1 , bound together by covalent bonds in a repetitive manner.
- the sizing composition is preferably free of polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid.
- the non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid according to the invention can be chosen from dicarboxylic acids, in particular oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid , suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, tartronic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid , maleic acid, traumatic acid, camphoric acid, phthalic acid and its derivatives, in particular containing at least one boron or chlorine atom, tetrahydrophthalic acid and its derivatives, in particular containing at least a chlorine atom, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, mesaconic acid and citraconic acid, tricarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid, tricarballylic acid, 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic acid , aconitic acid, hemimellitic acid,
- the organic polycarboxylic acid non-polymeric is selected from maleic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, itaconic acid, and citric acid. Even more preferentially, the non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid is a tricarboxylic acid, in particular citric acid.
- lignin which is a bio-sourced, inexpensive, non-toxic and low-corrosive material, could, in combination with a non-polymeric, low-toxic polycarboxylic organic acid, bind fibers minerals or natural organic fibers, after hardening or crosslinking of these constituents; and make it possible to manufacture insulating products having just as good mechanical properties, or even better mechanical performance, than the known and aforementioned binders.
- the lignin is diluted in water and the pH is adjusted between 6.5 and 10.5, preferably between 8 and 9, before the addition of the organic polycarboxylic acid non-polymeric.
- This pH range allows a more homogeneous deposition of the sizing composition on the fibers, which consequently has the advantage of improving the mechanical properties of the insulating products obtained.
- the sizing composition comprises from 25% to 85% by weight of at least one lignin, and more preferably from 40% to 80% by weight, and even more advantageously from 50% to 75% by weight, by relative to the total dry weight of the composition.
- the sizing composition comprises from 15% to 75% by weight of at least one non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid, and more preferably from 20% to 60% by weight, and even more advantageously from 25% to 50 % by weight, relative to the total dry weight of the composition.
- the lignin contained in the sizing composition in combination with the non-polymeric organic polycarboxylic acid is an oxidized lignin.
- the amount of oxidized lignin is between 50% and 85% by weight, preferably between 55% and 80% by weight, and more preferably between 60% and 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the sizing composition and the oxidized lignin comprises a percentage of carboxylic acid function of between 2% and 20%, preferably between 5% and 15% and a percentage of primary alcohol function of between 2% and 20%, of preferably between 5% and 15%.
- the said percentages in carboxylic acid and primary alcohol function present on the oxidized lignin are measured by infrared spectroscopy; by calculating the ratio of the intensity of the peaks of the C-0 bond of the carboxylic acid function (C-OOH) and respectively that of the primary alcohol function (C-OH) of the oxidized lignin compared to the sum of the intensity of the peaks of the C-0 bond of all the functions present on the oxidized lignin, all the peaks being located between 1000 cm -1 and 1300 cm -1 .
- All the functions present on the oxidized lignin having a C-O bond are the following: the primary and secondary alcohol functions (C-OH); aromatic hydroxyl functions (Ar-OH), acid functions (C-OOH); the aromatic ether (Ar-OC), aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ether (C-OC), and methyl ether (C-OCHs) functions.
- an oxidized lignin (compared to a non-oxidized lignin) has the advantage of reducing the quantity of non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid to be added in the sizing composition to bind the mineral fibers or the organic fibers .
- the amount of non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid is between 15% and 50% by weight, preferably between 20% and 45% by weight, and more preferably between 25% and 40% by weight, relative to the total dry weight of the sizing composition
- the carboxylic acid groups present on the oxidized lignin obtained by splitting of the macromolecule then oxidation of the secondary aliphatic hydroxyl groups of the starting lignin will react with some of the aliphatic hydroxyl groups of the oxidized lignin (in particular the primary alcohol functions) during the heating step of the fiber assembly initiating self-crosslinking of the lignin oxidized lignin and the other remaining aliphatic hydroxyl groups of the oxidized lignin will then react with the carboxylic acid groups of the non-polymeric organic polycarboxylic acid added as a crosslinking agent to complete the crosslinking of said oxidized lignin.
- the sizing composition according to the invention may be free of formaldehyde.
- formaldehyde-free in the present application means a quantity of formaldehyde of less than 2000 ppm in a sizing composition according to the invention.
- the sizing composition is an aqueous composition which may have a dry matter content of between 0.5% and 50% by weight, preferably between 3% and 30% by weight, and more preferably between 4% and 20% by weight. weight.
- the aqueous sizing composition is, for its part, applied to the mineral fibers or the natural organic fibers, in an amount of between 2% and 20% by weight, preferably between 5% and 15% by weight, said amount being expressed as dry matter based on the weight of mineral fibers or natural organic fibers, in order to give the insulating product the desired mechanical properties.
- step (a) of applying the sizing composition to the mineral fibers or the natural organic fibers can be carried out by spraying, in particular by means of spray nozzles. spraying, or by roller coating or by impregnation.
- the mineral fibers according to the invention are preferentially mineral wools and even more preferentially glass, rock or slag wools, or mixtures thereof.
- these may contain a composition corresponding to the following formulation, in percentage by weight:
- SiO2 between 30 and 50%, preferably between 35 and 45%,
- Na2O between 0 and 10%, preferably between 0.4 and 7%
- CaO between 10 and 35%, preferably between 12 and 25%,
- MgO between 1 and 15%, preferably between 5 and 13%
- AI2O3 between 10 and 27%
- K2O between 0 and 2%, preferably between 0 and 1%
- Iron oxide between 0.5 and 15%, preferably between 3 and 12%
- other oxide(s) between 0 and 5% cumulatively, preferably less than 3%, the remainder consisting of inevitable impurities.
- the mineral fibers can be glass fibers, or rock fibers, in particular basalt (or wollastonite). And more particularly, the mineral fibers according to the invention are aluminosilicate glass fibers, in particular aluminosilicate glass fibers comprising aluminum oxide, Al2O3, in a mass fraction of between 14% and 28%. In another embodiment, the mineral fibers can be glass fibers containing a composition corresponding to the following formulation, in percentage by weight:
- SiO2 between 50 and 75%, preferably between 60 and 70%, Na2O: between 10 and 25%, preferably between 10 and 20%, CaO: between 5 and 15%, preferably between 5 and 10%, MgO: between 1 to 10%, preferably between 2 and 5%, CaO and MgO representing together preferably between 5 and 20%, B2O3: between 0 and 10%, preferably between 2 and 8%, Al2O3: between 0 and 8% , preferably between 1 and 6%, K2O: between 0 and 5%, preferably between 0.5 and 2%, Na2O and K2O together preferably representing between 12 and 20%, Iron oxide: between 0 and 3%, preferably less than 2%, even more preferably less than 1%, other oxide(s): between 0 and 5% cumulative weight, preferably less than 3% cumulative, the remainder consisting of unavoidable impurities .
- the diameter of the mineral fibers is advantageously between 0.1 and 25 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the natural organic fibers is advantageously between 5 and 100 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 and 50 ⁇ m and the length of these fibers is in particular between 0.1 and 900 mm, and more particularly between 10 and 120 mm.
- natural organics are advantageously fibers which are not thermoplastic, and which are naturally present in the biomass and may have undergone mechanical and/or chemical treatments. These fibers come from plant sources and are advantageously chosen from cotton and lignocellulosic fibers.
- the term “lignocellulosic fibers” means fibers of plant origin based on lignocellulosic material, that is to say comprising cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
- Lignocellulosic fibers include wood fibers, and fibers from other plants, for example hemp, flax, sisal, cotton, jute, coconut, raffia, abaca fibers, or straw from cereals or rice straw.
- lignocellulosic fibres does not encompass lignocellulosic materials which have been subjected to thermomechanical or chemical treatments with a view to the manufacture of paper pulp.
- the lignocellosic fibers used in the present invention have therefore simply undergone a mechanical comminution treatment intended to reduce and/or control the size of the fibers.
- the lignocellulosic fibers are preferably softwood fibers, in particular pine, obtained by mechanical defibration. Their diameter is advantageously between 10 and 70 ⁇ m, preferably between 30 and 50 ⁇ m and they have a length ranging from 0.1 to 100 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 50 mm, in particular from 1 to 10 mm.
- the application of the sizing composition a) preferably precedes step (b) of forming an assembly of mineral fibers or natural organic fibers, during which the sizing fibers are brought together, before being heated in such a way consecutive or extemporaneous to harden the sizing composition thus forming the organic binder which binds the fibers.
- step b) of forming an assembly of mineral fibers or natural organic fibers which can also be called the step of shaping all the fibers, can be carried out by molding and/or compression.
- the mold used for molding the products must be made of a material capable of withstanding the temperature of the heating stage. It must also have a structure allowing the hot air from the baking oven to easily penetrate the molded product.
- the mold can for example be formed of a metal mesh in the form of a box.
- the wire mesh box is preferably filled with a volume of bulk fibers greater than its capacity and is then closed by a wire mesh lid.
- the fibers are thus more or less compressed depending on the excess filling volume. This excess volume of filling of the box by the fibers is for example between 10% and 150%, preferably between 15 and 100% and in particular between 20 and 80%.
- step b) of forming an assembly of fibers can be done, for example, by compression by means of a roller located at the inlet of the cooking oven. on a conveyor.
- the fibers can be assembled:
- the fibers are natural organic fibers impregnated with aqueous sizing composition and said method further comprises, between step a) and step b), a step of fiber drying which aims to evaporate enough water to make the sized or unsized fibers substantially non-sticky.
- the drying step can be done before step a). This drying step can be implemented by heating, for example in a thermostatically controlled ventilated oven or using a steam heating press. It is important to ensure that the drying does not bring the natural organic fibers to too high a temperature, which results in the softening of the dried sizing composition, or even in the beginning of crosslinking of the components of the sizing composition. .
- a heating temperature close to the boiling point of water is usually sufficient.
- the drying of the fibers impregnated with aqueous sizing composition is thus preferably carried out by heating to a temperature of between 75° C. and 150° C., for a period of between 1 second and 10 seconds.
- the natural organic fibers obtained at the end of the drying step are surrounded by a sheath of dried sizing composition.
- Step (c) of heating the assembly of mineral fibers or natural organic fibers according to the process of the invention is preferably carried out at a temperature of between 100° C. and 250° C. for a period of between 1 minute and 20 minutes, preferably in a thermo-regulated enclosure or a steam press.
- a thermo-regulated enclosure this may be a forced-air oven in which hot gases of controlled temperature are introduced into one or more compartments, or a heating mold with fluid circulation or heating resistor.
- the constituents of the sizing composition (according to the invention) harden/or crosslink/polymerize to form an insoluble organic binder.
- the fibers are mineral fibers and after step (c) of heating the assembly of said mineral fibers until the sizing composition has hardened, the assembly of mineral fibers has a loss on combustion (LOI, English loss on ignition) of between 1% and 20%, preferably between 1% and 15% by weight.
- LOI loss on combustion
- the invention also relates to an insulating product capable of being obtained by the method described above.
- Said insulating product obtained therefore comprises mineral fibers or natural organic fibers, bonded using a binder obtained by hardening or crosslinking a sizing composition (as described above) comprising a lignin, optionally oxidized, and a non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid.
- the insulating product obtained has good mechanical properties.
- the insulating product may have a thickness of between 10 and 300 mm, preferably between 35 and 240 mm, measured according to standard EN 823:2013 and a density of between 30 and 200 kg/m 3 , preferably between 35 and 180 kg/ m3 .
- the insulating product obtained can be used to make panels for the exterior insulation of buildings.
- the insulating product obtained may in particular be a veil of mineral fibers, in particular glass or rock.
- Aqueous sizing compositions are prepared comprising the constituents shown in Table 1, each expressed as a percentage by weight, relative to the total dry weight of each of the compositions.
- Composition 1 outside the invention is prepared by mixing kraft A lignin with water.
- Compositions 2 to 4 are prepared by mixing a first solution containing lignin A dissolved in water with a second solution containing a particular non-polymeric organic carboxylic acid which is dissolved in lignin A. 'water.
- Compositions 5 and 5 bis, outside the invention are prepared by successively introducing into a container 48 parts by weight of maltitol (as hydrogenated sugar), 52 parts by weight of acid citric, and 5 parts by weight of hypophosphite of sodium sodium hypophosphite (catalyst) with vigorous stirring until the constituents are completely dissolved.
- compositions 1 to 5 and 5 bis contain 90% by weight of water and 10% by weight of dry matter. All of the compositions are used to form glass fiber insulation products.
- the storage modulus of the samples is measured in three-point bending during curing by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) using a “TA Instruments RSA-G2 Analyzer” device.
- DMTA dynamic thermomechanical analysis
- the operating parameters of the measuring device are as follows: Temperature: 25°C Poisson's ratio: 0.45
- Table 1 below shows the storage modulus of the glass fiber papers obtained after curing each of the sizing compositions. Each storage modulus value is the average calculated over two to four individual measurement values.
- the glass fiber papers prepared in accordance with the invention i.e. using sizing compositions 2 to 4 comprising the combination of lignin A and a non-polymeric polycarboxylic organic acid, exhibit a storage modulus (between 1.18 GPa and 2.74 GPa) greater than that glass fiber papers prepared using sizing composition 1 (0.92 GPa) which comprises lignin alone (ie without crosslinking agent).
- sizing composition 1 (0.92 GPa) which comprises lignin alone (ie without crosslinking agent).
- composition 4 glass fiber papers prepared in accordance with the invention
- thermosetting resin such as resin based on hydrogenated sugar (composition 5, comparative example), or
- Aqueous sizing compositions are prepared comprising the constituents shown in Table 2, each expressed as a percentage by weight, relative to the total dry weight of each of the compositions.
- Composition 6 is prepared by emulsifying poly(methylene diphenyl isocyanate) (pMDI) which can be emulsified with water.
- Compositions 7 and 8, according to the invention are prepared by mixing a first solution containing lignin A dissolved in water with a second solution containing succinic acid dissolved in water.
- Composition 9 is prepared by mixing a first solution containing lignin A dissolved in water at a second solution containing ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (an epoxide) dissolved in water.
- the sizing composition 6 contains 40% by weight of water and 60% by weight of dry matter.
- Sizing compositions 7 to 9 contain 90% by weight of water and 10% by weight of dry matter.
- wood fibers are impregnated with an aqueous sizing composition.
- the quantity of aqueous sizing compositions 6, 8 and 9 deposited on the wood fibers is equal to 7% by weight expressed as dry matter based on the weight of the wood fibers.
- the quantity of aqueous sizing composition 7 deposited on the wood fibers is equal to 10% by weight expressed as dry matter relative to the weight of the wood fibers
- the impregnated wood fibers are then deposited uniformly in a steel mold comprising an open cavity of 60 mm x 10 mm x 12 mm. Steel bars of 60 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm are placed on the wood fibers and the assembly is heated for 4 min in a press thermostated at 150° C. and under a pressure of 10 bars. The mold is then allowed to cool to room temperature before removing the specimen of lignocellulosic fibers formed (60 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 2 mm). The specimens of wood fibers thus obtained have a density of approximately 180 kg/m 3 .
- the flexural storage modulus (three-point bending) is then determined for each specimen by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) using a “TA Instruments RSA-G2 Analyzer” device.
- DMTA dynamic thermomechanical analysis
- the samples are dried beforehand for several hours in a desiccator under dynamic vacuum (20 mbar).
- the operating parameters of the measuring device are the same as those mentioned above.
- Table 2 shows the storage modulus of the wood fiber specimens obtained after curing each of the sizing compositions. Each storage modulus value is the average calculated over two to four individual measurement values.
- the specimens of wood fibers prepared in accordance with the invention i.e. using the sizing composition 8 comprising the combination of lignin and succinic acid (as lignin crosslinking agent)
- the sizing composition 8 comprising the combination of lignin and succinic acid (as lignin crosslinking agent)
- the lignin crosslinking agent is not a non-polymeric organic carboxylic acid but an epoxide.
- a storage modulus of the same order of magnitude is obtained for the specimens of wood fibers prepared using the known sizing composition 6 and the sizing composition 7 according to the invention with a quantity of sizing composition on said fibers higher.
- Tables 1 and 2 show that a lignin in combination with a non-polymeric organic carboxylic acid makes it possible to bind both mineral fibers and natural organic fibers and also makes it possible to obtain insulating products having as good mechanical properties, or even better mechanical properties, than those obtained using known sizing compositions.
- Lignin B is taken and the quantity of carboxylic acid functions and primary alcohol functions present on said lignin is determined by infrared spectroscopy by measuring the intensity of the peak of the C-OOH bond of the carboxylic acid function at approximately 1190 cm -1 and that of the C-OH bond of the primary alcohol function at about 1040 cm -1 , compared to the sum of the intensity of the peaks of the CO bond, located between 1000 cm -1 and 1300 cm -1 , of all the functions present on said B lignin.
- All the functions present on the B lignin having a C-0 bond are the following: the primary and secondary alcohol functions (C-OH); aromatic hydroxyl functions (Ar-OH), acid functions (C-OOH); the aromatic ether (Ar-OC), aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ether (C-OC), and methyl ether (C-OCH3) functions.
- lignin B which is oxidized beforehand under the following conditions: in aqueous solution at pH > 13 with H2O2 + FeCls as oxidizing agent for 120 min at 95°C.
- all the functions present on the oxidized lignin B having a C-0 bond are the following: the primary and secondary alcohol functions (C-OH); aromatic hydroxyl functions (Ar-OH), acid functions (C-OOH); the aromatic ether (Ar-OC), aliphatic and cycloaliphatic (C-OC) and methyl ether (C-OCH3) functions.
- Two sizing compositions 10 and 11 are then prepared respectively by mixing lignin B and oxidized lignin B dissolved in water with succinic acid dissolved in water. These sizing compositions are deposited on wood fibers in order to manufacture test specimens of wood fiber panels according to the method described in Example 1. The flexural storage modulus of said wood fiber specimens obtained is measured by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) as explained in Example 1.
- DMTA dynamic thermomechanical analysis
- Table 3 shows the results obtained for each of the sizing compositions.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024535671A JP2025503431A (ja) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | 無機繊維又は天然由来の有機繊維に基づく遮断物品の製造方法 |
| AU2022416912A AU2022416912A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | Method for producing insulation products based on mineral fibres or organic fibres of natural origin |
| EP22847552.1A EP4448857A1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | Procédé de fabrication de produits d'isolation à base de fibres minérales ou de fibres organiques naturelles |
| CN202280083704.2A CN118451224A (zh) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | 制造基于矿物纤维或天然来源的有机纤维的隔绝产品的方法 |
| US18/720,470 US20250043514A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | Method for producing insulation products based on mineral fibres or organic fibres of natural origin |
| CA3239721A CA3239721A1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | Procede de fabrication de produits d'isolation a base de fibres minerales ou de fibres organiques naturelles |
| MX2024007234A MX2024007234A (es) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | Metodo para producir productos aislantes a base de fibras minerales o fibras organicas de origen natural. |
| KR1020247019909A KR20240118782A (ko) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | 미네랄 섬유 또는 천연 유래의 유기 섬유를 기반으로 하는 절연 제품을 제조하는 방법 |
| ZA2024/04617A ZA202404617B (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2024-06-13 | Method for producing insulation products based on mineral fibres or organic fibres of natural origin |
| CONC2024/0007481A CO2024007481A2 (es) | 2021-12-17 | 2024-06-14 | Método para producir productos aislantes a base de fibras minerales o fibras orgánicas de origen natural |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2113776 | 2021-12-17 | ||
| FR2113776A FR3130818B1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Procédé de fabrication de produits d’isolation à base de fibres minérales ou de fibres organiques naturelles |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023111465A1 true WO2023111465A1 (fr) | 2023-06-22 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2022/052374 Ceased WO2023111465A1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-15 | Procédé de fabrication de produits d'isolation à base de fibres minérales ou de fibres organiques naturelles |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250043514A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4448857A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2025503431A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20240118782A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118451224A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2022416912A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3239721A1 (fr) |
| CL (1) | CL2024001812A1 (fr) |
| CO (1) | CO2024007481A2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3130818B1 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX2024007234A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023111465A1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA202404617B (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025056704A1 (fr) | 2023-09-15 | 2025-03-20 | Knauf Insulation | Compositions améliorées de liant à base de lignine et leurs utilisations |
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| WO2008144770A1 (fr) | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-27 | Huntsman International Llc | Adhésifs, systèmes de réaction et procédés de production de composites lignocellulosiques |
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| JP5271221B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-25 | 2013-08-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | 植物由来組成物とその硬化物 |
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| WO2018155292A1 (fr) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Adhésif pour moulage par thermocompression, panneau en bois et son procédé de production |
| EP3632866A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-08 | Rockwool International A/S | Composition de liant aqueux |
| GB202005832D0 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-06-03 | Teknoweb Mat S R L | Applying highly viscous curable binder systems to fibrous webs comprising natural fibers |
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- 2021-12-17 FR FR2113776A patent/FR3130818B1/fr active Active
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- 2022-12-15 CA CA3239721A patent/CA3239721A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-12-15 MX MX2024007234A patent/MX2024007234A/es unknown
- 2022-12-15 EP EP22847552.1A patent/EP4448857A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-12-15 JP JP2024535671A patent/JP2025503431A/ja active Pending
- 2022-12-15 KR KR1020247019909A patent/KR20240118782A/ko active Pending
- 2022-12-15 US US18/720,470 patent/US20250043514A1/en active Pending
- 2022-12-15 CN CN202280083704.2A patent/CN118451224A/zh active Pending
- 2022-12-15 AU AU2022416912A patent/AU2022416912A1/en active Pending
- 2022-12-15 WO PCT/FR2022/052374 patent/WO2023111465A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
2024
- 2024-06-13 ZA ZA2024/04617A patent/ZA202404617B/en unknown
- 2024-06-14 CO CONC2024/0007481A patent/CO2024007481A2/es unknown
- 2024-06-14 CL CL2024001812A patent/CL2024001812A1/es unknown
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2025056704A1 (fr) | 2023-09-15 | 2025-03-20 | Knauf Insulation | Compositions améliorées de liant à base de lignine et leurs utilisations |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250043514A1 (en) | 2025-02-06 |
| CO2024007481A2 (es) | 2024-07-18 |
| CA3239721A1 (fr) | 2023-06-22 |
| MX2024007234A (es) | 2024-06-26 |
| ZA202404617B (en) | 2025-03-26 |
| JP2025503431A (ja) | 2025-02-04 |
| CL2024001812A1 (es) | 2024-12-06 |
| EP4448857A1 (fr) | 2024-10-23 |
| FR3130818A1 (fr) | 2023-06-23 |
| CN118451224A (zh) | 2024-08-06 |
| AU2022416912A1 (en) | 2024-06-13 |
| KR20240118782A (ko) | 2024-08-05 |
| FR3130818B1 (fr) | 2025-09-26 |
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