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WO2023183733A1 - Système intelligent de gestion d'énergie locale au niveau de sites de génération d'énergie mixte locale destinés à fournir des services de réseau - Google Patents

Système intelligent de gestion d'énergie locale au niveau de sites de génération d'énergie mixte locale destinés à fournir des services de réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023183733A1
WO2023183733A1 PCT/US2023/064301 US2023064301W WO2023183733A1 WO 2023183733 A1 WO2023183733 A1 WO 2023183733A1 US 2023064301 W US2023064301 W US 2023064301W WO 2023183733 A1 WO2023183733 A1 WO 2023183733A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
local
power generating
power
lems
generating assets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2023/064301
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hamza Lemsaddek
Gregory Poilasne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nuvve Corp
Original Assignee
Nuvve Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US17/655,722 external-priority patent/US11695274B1/en
Priority claimed from US17/655,720 external-priority patent/US11747781B1/en
Application filed by Nuvve Corp filed Critical Nuvve Corp
Priority to US18/849,921 priority Critical patent/US20250330024A1/en
Priority to KR1020247034972A priority patent/KR20240169013A/ko
Priority to CN202380034650.5A priority patent/CN119032482A/zh
Priority to JP2024556095A priority patent/JP2025512776A/ja
Priority to EP23718701.8A priority patent/EP4497184A1/fr
Publication of WO2023183733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023183733A1/fr
Priority to MX2024011498A priority patent/MX2024011498A/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/14—Energy storage units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Definitions

  • aspects of the present disclosure relate to an intelligent local energy management system for managing, optimizing, and controlling a plurality or mixture of power generating systems at one or more local mixed power generating sites and providing grid services and grid applications.
  • FES fixed energy storage
  • Certain implementations provide a method for 1) receiving, by a local energy management system (LEMS) communicatively coupled to an external entity, a mixture of local power generating assets at a local site, and a power grid, one or more energy or electrical objectives from the external entity, the mixture of local power generating assets are electrically coupled to the power grid; 2) receiving, by the LEMS, incoming raw data from the mixture of power generating assets; 3) generating, by the LEMS, one or more set points according to the one or more energy or electrical objectives and the incoming raw data; 4) conveying, by the LEMS, the one or more set points to the mixture of local power generating assets; 5) performing, by the mixture of local power generating assets, one or more grid services by meeting the one or more energy or electrical objectives; and 6) transferring, by the mixture of local power generating assets, power between the mixture of local power generating assets and the power grid.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • the techniques described herein relate to a method, including: receiving, by a local energy management system (LEMS) communicatively coupled to an external entity, a mixture of local power generating assets at a local site, and a power grid, one or more energy or electrical objectives from the external entity, wherein the mixture of local power generating assets can be electrically coupled to the power grid; receiving, by the LEMS, incoming raw data from the mixture of power generating assets; generating, by the LEMS, one or more set points according to the one or more energy or electrical objectives and the incoming raw data; conveying, by the LEMS, the one or more set points to the mixture of local power generating assets; performing, by the mixture of local power generating assets, one or more grid sendees by meeting the one or more energy or electrical objectives; and transferring, by the mixture of local power generating assets, power between the mixture of local power generating assets and the power gnd.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • the method can further include transforming, by the LEMS, the incoming raw data into a structured protocol format via one or more protocol adapters.
  • the incoming raw data can include a plurality of input data and sensing data.
  • the external entity can include an aggregation platform, frequency meter, energy meter, or a third party system.
  • the mixture of local power generating assets can include a combination of electric vehicle station equipment (EVSEs), fixed energy storage systems (FESs), and/or local generation resources (LGRs).
  • EVSEs electric vehicle station equipment
  • FESs fixed energy storage systems
  • LGRs local generation resources
  • each LGR can include solar, wind, and/or hydro power generating systems.
  • each fixed energy storage system can include batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and/or energy storage cells.
  • the method can further include transforming, by the LEMS, the one or more set points into one or more structured protocol formats, wherein the one or more structured protocol formats are adapted to be interpreted by one or more devices in the mixture of local power generating assets.
  • the method can further include automatically adjusting one or more operational power settings of a targeted system according to the one or more set points received by the targeted system, wherein the targeted system is a member of the mixture of local power generating assets.
  • the one or more operational power settings can be configured to control voltage, frequency, and current on the targeted system.
  • the external entity can be in communication with a plurality of local energy management systems disposed at different local sites, wherein each local energy management system can be configured to be communicatively coupled to a corresponding mixture of local power generating assets having a configured power topology'.
  • the techniques described herein relate to a system, including: a local energy management system (LEMS) electrically coupled to a mixture of local power generating assets at a local site, a power grid, and an external entity, wherein the LEMS can be configured to: receive one or more energy or electrical objectives from the external entity; receive incoming raw data from the mixture of power generating assets; generate one or more set points according to the one or more energy or electrical objectives and the incoming raw data; and convey the one or more set points to the mixture of local power generating assets; wherein the mixture of local power generating assets can be configured to: perform one or more grid services for meeting the one or more energy or electrical objectives; and transfer power between the mixture of local power generating assets and the power grid.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • the LEMS can be further configured to transform the incoming raw data into a structured protocol format via one or more protocol adapters.
  • the incoming raw data can include a plurality of input data and sensing data.
  • the external entity can include an aggregation platform, frequency meter, energy meter, or a third party system.
  • the mixture of local power generating assets can include a combination of electric vehicle station equipment (EVSEs), fixed energy storage systems (FESs), and/or local generation resources (LGRs).
  • EVSEs electric vehicle station equipment
  • FESs fixed energy storage systems
  • LGRs local generation resources
  • each LGR can include solar, wind, and/or hydro power generating systems.
  • each fixed energy storage system can include batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and/or energy storage cells.
  • the LEMS can be configured to transform the one or more set points into one or more structured protocol formats, wherein the one or more structured protocol formats can be adapted to be interpreted by one or more devices in the mixture of local power generating assets.
  • the LEMS can be configured to automatically adjust one or more operational power settings of a targeted system according to the one or more set points received by the targeted system, wherein the targeted system can be a member of the mixture of local power generating assets.
  • the one or more operational power settings can be configured to control voltage, frequency, and current on the targeted system.
  • the external entity can be in communication with a plurality of local energy management systems disposed at different local sites, wherein each local energy management system can be configured to be electrically coupled to a corresponding mixture of local power generating assets having a predetermined power topology.
  • the techniques described herein relate to a local energy management system electrically coupled to a power grid, a plurality of local power generating assets at a local site, and an external entity, wherein the plurality of local power generating assets can be electrically coupled to the power grid.
  • the system can include: a plurality of sensors configured to monitor the plurality of local power generating assets and output raw sensor data about the plurality of local power generating assets; one or more inputs configured to receive at least one or more energy or electrical objectives from the external entity; a control system configured to: receive the raw sensor data; receive the one or more energy or electrical objectives; generate one or more operating parameter set points of the plurality of power generating assets based on the one or more energy or electrical objectives and the raw sensor data; and output the one or more operating parameter set points to the plurality of local power generating assets, wherein one or more operating parameter settings of the plurality of local power generating assets can be configured to be adjusted according to the one or more operating parameter set points to meet the one or more energy or electrical objectives.
  • control system can be further configured to transforming the raw sensor data into a structured protocol format via one or more protocol adapters.
  • the one or more inputs can be further configured to receive raw input data and the controller can be configured to generate the one or more operating parameter set points further based on the raw input data.
  • the external entity can include an aggregation platform, frequency meter, energy meter, or a third party system.
  • the plurality of local power generating assets can include one or more of an electric vehicle station equipment (EVSE), a fixed energy storage system (FESs), and/or a local generation resource (LGR).
  • EVSE electric vehicle station equipment
  • FESs fixed energy storage system
  • LGR local generation resource
  • the LGR can include a solar, wind, and/or hydro power generating system.
  • the fixed energy storage system can include batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and/or energy storage cells.
  • system can be further configured to transform the one or more operating parameter set points into one or more structured protocol formats, wherein the one or more structured protocol formats can be configured to be interpreted by one or more devices in the plurality of local power generating assets.
  • system can be further configured to automatically adjust the one or more operational parameter settings of a target member of the plurality of local power generating assets according to the one or more set points received by the target member.
  • the one or more operational parameter settings can be configured to control voltage, frequency, and/or current on the target member.
  • the plurality of local power generating assets can be configured to transfer power between the plurality of local power generating assets and the power grid.
  • the external entity can be further in communication with a plurality of other local energy management systems disposed at other different local sites, wherein each of the other local energy management systems can be configured to be electrically coupled to a corresponding plurality of local power generating assets having a predetermined power topology.
  • the techniques described herein relate to a method of intelligently energy management at a local site using a local energy management system (LEMS) communicatively coupled to an external entity, a plurality of local power generating assets at a local site, and a power grid, wherein the plurality of local power generating assets can be electrically coupled to the power grid.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • the method can include: using a control system of the LEMS: receiving raw sensor data about the plurality of local power generating assets from a plurality of sensors of the LEMS; receiving at least one or more energy or electrical objectives from the external entity from one or more inputs of the LEMS; generating one or more operating parameter set points of the plurality of local power generating assets based on the one or more energy or electrical objectives and the raw sensor data; and outputting the one or more operating parameter set points to the plurality of local power generating assets, wherein one or more operating parameter settings of the plurality of local power generating assets are configured to be adjusted according to the one or more operating parameter set points to meet the one or more energy or electrical objectives.
  • the method can further include transforming the raw sensor data into a structured protocol format via one or more protocol adapters.
  • the one or more inputs can be further configured to receive raw input data and generating the one or more operating parameter set points can be further based on the raw input data.
  • the external entity can include an aggregation platform, frequency meter, energy meter, or a third party system.
  • the plurality of local power generating assets can include one or more of an electric vehicle station equipment (EVSE), a fixed energy storage system (FESs), and/or a local generation resource (LGR).
  • EVSE electric vehicle station equipment
  • FESs fixed energy storage system
  • LGR local generation resource
  • the LGR can include a solar, wind, and/or hydro power generating system.
  • the fixed energy storage system can include batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and/or energy storage cells.
  • the method can further include transforming the one or more operating parameter set points into one or more structured protocol formats, wherein the one or more structured protocol formats can be configured to be interpreted by one or more devices in the plurality of local power generating assets.
  • the method can further include automatically adjusting the one or more operational parameter settings of a target member of the plurality of local power generating assets according to the one or more set points received by the target member.
  • the one or more operational parameter settings can be configured to control voltage, frequency, and/or current on the target member.
  • the plurality of local power generating assets can be configured to transfer power between the plurality of local power generating assets and the power grid.
  • the external entity can be further in communication with a plurality of other local energy management systems disposed at other different local sites, wherein each of the other local energy management systems can be configured to be electrically coupled to a corresponding plurality of local power generating assets having a predetermined power topology.
  • the techniques described herein relate to a method of intelligently managing and controlling grid services over one or more local power generation sites, the method including: under control of an electronic aggregation platform that is in electrical communication with a plurality of local power generating assets at a local site, wherein the plurality of local power generating assets can be electrically coupled to a power grid: receiving raw data about the plurality of local power generating assets at a present state; calculating one or more energy or electrical objectives for the local site based at least in part on the raw data at the present state; generating one or more operating parameter set points of the plurality of local power generating assets based on the one or more energy or electrical objectives and the raw data; and outputting the one or more operating parameter set points to the plurality of local power generating assets, wherein one or more operating parameter settings of the plurality of local power generating assets can be configured to be adjusted according to the one or more operating parameter set points to meet the one or more energy or electrical objectives.
  • the method can further include transforming the raw data into a structured protocol format via one or more protocol adapters.
  • the plurality of local power generating assets can include one or more of an electric vehicle station equipment (EVSE), a fixed energy storage system (FESs), and/or a local generation resource (LGR).
  • EVSE electric vehicle station equipment
  • FESs fixed energy storage system
  • LGR local generation resource
  • the LGR can include a solar, wind, and/or hydro power generating system.
  • the fixed energy storage system can include batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and/or energy storage cells.
  • the method can further include transforming the one or more operating parameter set points into one or more structured protocol formats, wherein the one or more structured protocol formats are configured to be interpreted by one or more devices in the plurality of local power generating assets.
  • the method can further include automatically adjusting the one or more operational parameter settings of a target member of the plurality of local power generating assets according to the one or more set points received by the target member.
  • the one or more operational parameter settings can be configured to control voltage, frequency, and/or current on the target member.
  • the plurality of local power generating assets can be configured to transfer power between the plurality of local power generating assets and the power grid.
  • the electronic aggregation platform can be further in electrical communication with a local energy management system (LEMS), wherein generating and outputting the one or more operating parameter set points can be performed by a control system of the LEMS under control of the electronic aggregation platform.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • the LEMS can be physically present at the local site.
  • the LEMS can be offsite in a remote server physically separated from the local site.
  • the electronic aggregation platform can be further in electrical communication with a plurality of other local energy management systems disposed at other different local sites, wherein each of the other local energy management systems can be configured to be electrically coupled to a corresponding plurality of local power generating assets having a predetermined power topology.
  • the method can further include determining one or more energy or electrical objectives for the local site at one or more future states.
  • the method can further include calculating one or more operating parameter set points for the local site at the one or more future states based at least in part on the one or more energy or electrical objectives for the local site at the one or more future states.
  • the method can further include predicting changes to the local site at the one or more future states based on the raw data at the present state and dynamic prediction models.
  • the changes to the local site at the one or more future states can include changes attributed to the plurality of local power generating assets.
  • the changes to the local site at the one or more future states can include system level changes at the local site.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an example of a power distribution topology having one or more power producer grids electrically coupled to a remote distribution of multiple local mixed power generation sites.
  • FIG. 2A depicts an example power topology at one local mixed power generation site having a mixture of local power generating assets.
  • FIG. 2B depicts example of a power topology at one of the local mixed power generation site having a mixture of local power generating assets.
  • FIG. 3A - FIG. 3C depict a view of local power generating asset comprising multiple EVSEs at an EVSE charging station.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a view of the second local power generating asset comprising a local generation resource and FES.
  • FIG. 5 depicts an example power topology at the local mixed power generation site.
  • FIG. 6 depicts an example power topology at the local mixed power generation site.
  • FIG. 7 depicts an example power topology at the local mixed power generation site.
  • FIG. 8 depicts a block diagram of the local energy management system (LEMS).
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • FIG. 9 depicts an inputs sub-block of the local energy management system
  • FIG. 10 depicts a sensing sub-block of the local energy management system (LEMS).
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • FIG. 11 depicts multiple sensing points measured by the sensing sub-block of the local energy management system (LEMS).
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • FIG. 12 depicts a data processing sub-block of the local energy management system (LEMS).
  • FIG. 13 depicts the orchestration execution and control sub-block of the local energy management system (LEMS).
  • FIG. 14 depicts the outputs sub-block of the local energy management system (LEMS).
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • FIG. 15 depicts flowchart and method of performing grid services by the local energy management system (LEMS) and the mixture local power generating assets at one or more local mixed power generation sites.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • FIG. 16 depicts a LEMS-EVSE Local Power Topology.
  • FIG. 17 depicts a LEMS-LGR Local Power Topology.
  • FIG. 18 depicts a LEMS-FES Local Power Topology.
  • FIG. 19 depicts a LEMS Multi-Mixed Local Power Topology.
  • FIG. 20 depicts a Distributed Local Assets-Power Topology controlled and managed by a single LEMS.
  • FIG. 21 depicts a heterogeneous combination of LEMS power topologies in communication with the aggregation platform.
  • FIG. 22 depicts an example of status information obtained by the aggregation platform at the initial state SO from the local power topologies.
  • FIG. 23 depicts local power topologies at a future state SI.
  • FIG. 24 depicts local power topologies at a subsequent future state S2.
  • FIG. 25 depicts a diagram of a multitude of states starting at an initial state SO by which the aggregation platform may dynamically predict, determine, and calculate set points in order to meet certain energy or electrical objectives.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a power distribution topology 100 having one or more power producer grids (101-1 to 101-n) electrically coupled to a remote distribution of multiple local mixed power generation sites (200-1, 200-2,... , 200-n) across various geographical locations via transmission system 104 and distribution system 106, according to an implementation.
  • the local mixed power generation sites (200-1, 200-2,... , 200-n) are not limited to the distribution topology 100 and may be implemented in other types of distribution topologies having configurations, which may or may not include a combination of transmission systems, distribution systems, grid systems, and/or microgrid systems having AC, DC, or mixed power systems.
  • the local mixed power generation sites (200-1, 200-2, , 200-n) are maintained, operated, and under the control of a grid service provider offering one or more grid services to a grid operator, distribution company, higher level aggregation server(s), generator, electric entity, and so on.
  • NNN-n such as 100-1, 200-1, and so on are used throughout this document where “NNN” represents a system level component and “-n” represents a local site component at a particular location “-n”.
  • system level references “NNN” are applicable to the local site components “-n” at each location having the same system level component “NNN” ,
  • Each grid 101 generally refers to the electrical power system from generation to the electrical outlet. This includes generators, transmission and distribution lines, transformers, switchgear, and wiring at the “site” (e.g., a house, building, parking lot, and/or other parking location from the electric meter for that location through electrical panels to the electrical outlet). Sensors, computational logic, and communications may be located at one or multiple locations within the grid to monitor functions associated with the grid, and the vehicle's electrical system may satisfy one or multiple functions for the grid.
  • Power producer grid 101 may be one or more utility-level power producers, such as power plants, for providing grid power.
  • power producer may be representative of a plurality of power production entities, such as power plants of different type (e.g., coal, gas, nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, geothermal, and others). Power producer provides power to grid including grids of all scales.
  • power plants of different type e.g., coal, gas, nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, geothermal, and others.
  • Transmission system 104 generally refers to a transmission grid composed of a network of power stations, transmission lines, and substations, communicating power within a grid with DC and/or three-phase AC.
  • Distribution system 106 generally refers to the final stage of the electrical grid which distributes electricity to residential properties, commercial properties, industries, and other end users. Distribution may simultaneously deliver the electric power to the users on the grid 101 and reduce power to safe customer-usable levels once delivered.
  • Grid-integrated vehicles 108 generally refer to mobile machines for carrying passengers, cargo, or equipment.
  • Grid-integrated vehicles have an “on-board” energy storage system (such as electrochemical, distillate petroleum products, hydrogen and/or other storage) and a grid connection system to recharge or supplement the on-board storage (e.g., a battery, capacitor or flywheel, electrolyzed hydrogen) with power from the grid 101.
  • Grid- integrated vehicles may also be plugged into the grid 101 to provide power from the vehicle’s on-board storage to the grid 101 (also referred to as a V2G electric vehicle).
  • Electric vehicle equipment generally refers to equipment physically located in each grid-integrated vehicle 108 to enable communication and power flow.
  • EVE receives EVSE attributes (described below) and controls power flow and grid services to and from the grid-integrated vehicle based on, for example, EVSE attributes, the state of the vehicles on-board storage, expected driving requirements and driver desires.
  • EVE may include a vehicle link (VL), also referred to as a vehicle smart link (VSL), that provides an interface between EVSE and the grid-integrated vehicle's vehicle management system (VMS), which generally controls the electrical and electronic systems in the grid-integrated vehicle while not in use (e.g., while parked in a garage).
  • VL vehicle link
  • VSL vehicle smart link
  • VMS grid-integrated vehicle's vehicle management system
  • Electric vehicle station equipment generally refers to equipment for interfacing EVE with the grid 101.
  • the EVSE may be located at, for example, a building or parking garage, near a street, or adjacent to a motor vehicle parking space.
  • EVE within the grid-integrated vehicle 108 with on-board storage and power delivery and information connections may be connected to EVSE.
  • EVSE stores EVSE attributes and can transmit the attributes to EVE of the grid-integrated vehicle or other devices.
  • Aggregation platform 115 refers one or more computer network servers having software, hardware, and management procedures that communicate with any energy load storage or energy producing device, such as but not limited to grid-integrated vehicles from EVE directly and/or via EVSE, issue requests to those vehicles for charging, discharging, and other grid functions, and offer grid services to a grid operator, distribution company, higher level aggregation server(s), generator, or other electric entity.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may also receive reports on grid services and charging from EVE and/or EVSE.
  • An aggregator is a business entity that manages the aggregation server 115.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may manage (control) power flow to/from grid-integrated vehicles connected to the grid 101 to aggregate and sell power to grid operators (e.g., Megawatts of power (MWs)).
  • the aggregation platform 115 may also manage information for other entities, including electric charging vendors, local distribution companies, and others.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may include serverless-based systems.
  • the serverless-based systems can be based on micro-services based architecture.
  • the microservices based architecture can include multiple processing applications and entities operating in a remote or cloud-based network.
  • the remote or cloud-based network can include disparate computing systems.
  • Local mixed power generation sites generally refer to a combination of one or more mixed power generation sources intelligently managed and controlled by an intelligent local energy management system designated at one or more remote sites.
  • each local mixed power generation site (200-1 to 200-n) at each remote site is configured to receive and supply power to and from the grid 101 via one or more grid-integrated vehicle (108-1 to 108-n) and a local generation resource (113-1 to 113- n), where each of local mixed power generation site (200-1, to 200-n) is meant to be representative of one or more systems of like kind.
  • the term “local” refers to being phy sically and/or logically tied to the site (200-1 to 200-n).
  • a local power generation site (200-1 to 200-n) is also referred to as a microgrid, which has local power generation source(s) (not necessarily mixed), therefore the ability to be disconnected from the grid 101 and still sustaining the energy needs at the site, but can also be coupled with the grid 101 at one or more points to receive power from the grid 101 and/or discharge power to the grid 101
  • EVE attributes generally refer to information describing the grid-integrated vehicle that may be transmitted to EVSE to which the vehicle is connected, the aggregation platform 115, or to another grid-integrated vehicle. These may include: (1) a unique grid- integrated vehicle ID, (2) allowed billing and other commercial relationships, (3) authorizations of this vehicle, such as IEEE 949 certification for anti-islanding, and (4) technical capabilities of the vehicle, including maximum power output, whether it can produce power independently of grid power (“emergency power mode”), and others.
  • EVSE attributes are information relating to EVSE such as its status, location, and other information. EVSE attributes generally refer to information related to EVSE that is transmitted to EVE of the grid-integrated vehicle.
  • Electric charging vendor generally refers to a management entity that manages EVSE.
  • an EVSE may not have any electric charging vendor.
  • an electric charging vendor may have either real-time communication or delayed communication with EVSE, may provide real-time authorization for charging to a grid-integrated vehicle connected to the grid, and may require payment for charging.
  • Parking operator generally refers to a company or organization that controls a space where a vehicle may be parked, e.g., with one or more adjacent EVSE.
  • the parking operator may charge for use of that space, require identification prior to parking, and/or may barter use of the space in exchange use of EVSE.
  • Grid operators may include, for example: (1) a distribution system operator (DSO); (2) a transmission system operator (TSO) or an independent system operator (ISO); (3) a generator; (4) an independent power producer (IPP); and/or (5) a renewable energy operator.
  • DSO distribution system operator
  • TSO transmission system operator
  • ISO independent system operator
  • generator (4) an independent power producer (IPP); and/or (5) a renewable energy operator.
  • IPP independent power producer
  • Grid services generally refer to services provided between the grid-integrated vehicle and the grid 101, with power flowing through the EVSE.
  • Grid services may include: (1) local building services, such as emergency power; (2) distribution system services such as: (i) providing reactive power, (ii) drawing off-peak consumption, (iii) balancing load on a three phase system, (iv) providing demand response, (v) providing distribution support (e.g., by deferring consumption or releasing energy when the distribution system is reaching a limit, or by using condition monitoring such as transformer temperature to reduce power through that transformer); and (3) transmission and generation system support such as: (i) providing frequency regulation, (ii) providing inter-hour adjustments, (iii) providing spinning reserves; and/or (4) renewable energy support such as (i) providing wind balancing, (ii) providing ramp rate reduction, (iii) providing a shift of energy from the solar peak to the load peak, (iv) absorbing wind or solar power when it exceeds load, among many others.
  • grid services may include charging at
  • Grid location generally refers to the electrical system location where EVSE is connected. This may be a hierarchical location (e.g., electrical position) in the electric system, and may not correspond to a physical location. In an exemplar ⁇ ' implementation of the disclosure, grid location may be defined based on one or more of: (1) the building circuit to which EVSE 111 is connected and fused; (2) the service drop and meter to which EVSE is connected; (3) the distribution transformer to which EVSE is connected; (4) EVSE's distribution feeder; (4) EVSE's substation; (5) EVSE's transmission node; (6) EVSE's local distribution company; (7) EVSE's transmission system operator; (8) EVSE's subregion; and (9) EVSE's region, ISO or TSO.
  • Due to distribution circuit switching (e.g., reconfiguration) intermediate positions in the hierarchical structure may dynamically change such that EVSE's grid location, for example, may dynamically move from one distribution feeder to another as distribution switches are opened and closed, even though the physical location of the EVSE does not change.
  • LEMS Local Energy Management System
  • LEMS Local Energy Management System
  • Each local site may be equipped its own LEMS (210-1 to 210-n) for executing logic for managing, controlling, and performing energy management to and from the grid as well as delivering on grid services.
  • the LEMS 210 is configured to receive and analyze inputs from available resources at the local site including, for example, local generation, stationary storage, or power supplied by electric vehicles when plugged into EVSEs at an EVSE charging station. These EVSEs can support unidirectional, bidirectional, AC or DC via power converters.
  • the LEMS 210 may also receive sensing inputs from all available resources within each local site and optionally tap into an energy meter for monitoring the different sub-components at any given point in time.
  • the LEMS 210 may receive inputs and control signals from the aggregation platform as well as transmitting data back to it in order to control local assets for meeting power demands to and from the grid 101.
  • the LEMS 210 may receive multiple input data from local assets, subcomponents, and external systems in order to meet objectives of the site 200 for delivering grid services to and from the grid 101. Moreover, the LEMS 210 may determine and generate operational set points based upon the input data from the local assets, conveying these set points across the different subsystems of the local assets in order to meet the objective of the site 200. Implementations of the intelligent Local Energy Management System LEMS 210 at each local site (Site 1 to Site n) are provided in the following sections.
  • FIGS. 2A-2B illustrate examples of power topology at one of the local mixed power generation site 200 having a mixture of local power generating assets (“local assets’").
  • the illustrated power topology also includes internal subsystems, hardware components, and metering devices for communicating condition statuses, monitoring electrical conditions, transmitting control signals, and delivering and receiving power to and from the grid 101 over power lines P0.
  • the power topology examples depicted in FIGS. 2A-2B at the local mixed power generation site 200 provide a general representation of a system level configuration applicable to each power generation site (200-1 in FIG. 2A and 200-1 to 200-n in FIG. 2B). A legend is depicted in the upper right hand comer of FIGS.
  • FIG. 2A- 2B illustrating line patterns, arrows, and other reference objects which indicate sensing paths, communication lines, power lines, control paths, and flow direction within the local mixed power generation site 200.
  • network communication lines and control paths may be implemented via wireless such as wireless adapters and antennas or wired connections such as but not limited to network cabling, fiber optical lines, twisted pair or coaxial cable.
  • other network equipment (not shown) are provided in the system for handling the communication, interaction, and mediation of data transmission between devices over a computer network, including but not limited to network controllers, switches, hubs, routers, access points, and repeaters.
  • Examples of power lines (Pl, P2, P3) at site 200 may be implemented over AC and or DC power lines with varying degrees of voltage lines such as low-voltage lines, medium voltage lines, high-voltage lines, and extremely high-voltage lines.
  • LEMS local energy management system
  • the LEMS 210 is physically onsite.
  • the LEMS 210 is in communication with and under control by the aggregation platform 115, which intelligently manages and controls a multitude of grid services over the local mixed power generation sites 200.
  • Multiple local power generating assets at the local mixed power generation site 200 are in communication with and under control by the LEMS 210.
  • one group of local power generating assets includes four EVSEs (EVSE1...4) located at a public EVSE charging station 111.
  • the EVSEs 1-4 leverage on-board batteries from electric vehicles (EV) 108 (see FIG. 1) plugged into the EVSEs 1-4.
  • the EVSEs 1-4 can communicate power to and from the grid 101 over power lines (PO, Pl, and P2).
  • the EVSEs 1-4 Under control of the LEMS 210, the EVSEs 1-4 can charge the batteries from a plugged-in electrical vehicle by communicating power from the grid 101 over the power lines PO, Pl, and P2.
  • one or more of the EVSEs 1-4 can also discharge the batteries from a plugged-in electncal vehicle by communicating power to the grid 101 over the power lines PO, Pl, and P2.
  • the power discharged from the EVs can be provided to Building 1 and/or Building 2, which can be managed by Facilities Management System (FMS) 301.
  • the LEMS 210 can query the FMS system 301 to determine the amount of power provided to Building 1 and/or Building 2 by the EVs.
  • the LEMS 210 can query the EVSEs at the local site 200 and/or the FMS system 301 and determine the following: EVSE1 is bidirectional with a V2G electric vehicle (EV) plugged in.
  • EV electric vehicle
  • the combination of the plugged-in EV and EVSE1 has a power capacity of -40kW charge and 40kW discharge.
  • the power capacity can limit the maximum capacity of the EV and/or the EVSE.
  • the EV plugged in at EVSE1 is currently charging at -20kW, and the charging is controllable.
  • EVSE2 is bidirectional with a V2G EV plugged in.
  • Charging of the EV plugged in at EVSE2 is not controllable due to the mobility needs of the user.
  • the EV plugged in at EVSE2 is currently charging at -60kW. In other words, EVSE2 is acting as a load with -60kW power draw.
  • EVSE3 is unidirectional with an EV plugged in. Discharge is not applicable because EVSE3 is unidirectional.
  • the combination of the plugged-in EV and EVSE3 has a power capacity of -240kW charge.
  • the EV plugged in at EVSE3 is currently charging at -120kW and the charging is controllable.
  • EVSE4 is available without an EV plugged in.
  • another local power generating asset includes a unidirectional local generation resource (LGR) 113 for producing a DC power that is regulated via a DC-DC converter 218 and then subsequently captured and stored in a fixed energy storage (FES) system 220.
  • LGR unidirectional local generation resource
  • FES fixed energy storage
  • the FES system 220 provides the site 200 with a local power source for delivering and receiving bidirectional power to and from the grid 101 over power lines (P0, P3) via an inverter 224 and distribution system 106.
  • the FES system 220 includes batteries electrically connected to an FES control system.
  • the LEMS 210 queries the LGR 113 and determines that the LGR 113 is generating 20kW, which is feeding to the FES system 220 and in this example is not being used to power the local site.
  • the LEMS 210 can query' the FES system 220 and determines that the FES system 220 is at 98% State of Charge (SOC).
  • SOC State of Charge
  • the SOC allows the LEMS 220 to decide the dispatch and prioritization of this asset (that is, the FES system 220) to other system components.
  • Other sub-components operating for supporting the power generation at the site 200 include a transformer 214, an inverter 224, a battery controller 222, a DC-to-DC power converter 218, and sensing meters including Energy Meter Em, and Frequency Meter Fm.
  • the LEMS 210 queries the other sub-components and determines that the inverter 224 has a power capacity of 30kW discharge and is idle. The LEMS 210 further determines that other loads at the site 200 is drawing power from the grid 101 at -60kW, which is not controllable.
  • the LEMS 210 can compute the flexibility capacity of the site 200 to be -210kW charge (up) and 170kW discharge (down). Flexibility capacities can provide a range of set points of the entire local mixed power generation site 200.
  • the LEMS 210 can determine that the energy meter Em is showing a reading of -260kW import drawn from the grid. This reading is consistent with a sum of the capacities described above, that is, -20k W at EVSE1, -60kW at EVSE2, -120kW at EVSE3, and -60kW other loads.
  • the LEMS 210 can receive an objective of flexibility of -180kW charge (up) from the aggregator 115, in other words, to receive -180kW more from the grid.
  • the LEMS 210 can dynamically adjust operating parameters of the components at the site 200 based on the queries (that is, sensed data). For example, the LEMS 210 can send the following command to EVSE3: from -120kW to -40kW -. After the adjustments in the operating parameters, the meter then reflects a new reading of -180kW import (-260 + -(- 80)), which is -80kW less than the original -260kW import from the grid and therefore the flexibility objective of -180kW is met.
  • the LEMS 210 can send different commands to adjust the operating parameters differently to meet the objective, for example, 30kW discharge to the battery controller 222; and -70kW charge to EVSE3.
  • prioritization is based on mobility need, load shedding, and/or efficiency and response time. In some implementations, mobility need can have the highest priority, followed by load shedding and then efficiency and response time. Other factors and/or orders for prioritization are also possible.
  • each local mixed power generation site 200-1 to 200- n may include 1) a local energy management system (LEMS) 210 in communication with and under control by an aggregation platform 115 which intelligently manages and controls a multitude of grid services over one or more local mixed power generation sites (200-1 to 200- n); and 2) multiple local power generating assets in communication with and under control by the LEMS 210.
  • the LEMS 210 can relay information to the aggregation platform 115 for forecasting, optimizing, dispatching, monitoring, and bidding grid services.
  • the LEMS 210 can leverage storage from a combination of local power generating assets, which can be co-optimized locally at the local site.
  • These mixture of local power generating assets at each site 200 may include: 1) a first local power generating asset comprised of multiple EVSEs (EVSEi ... n ) located at a public EVSE charging station 111 for leveraging on-board storage (e.g., batteries) from electric vehicles 108 plugged into the EVSEs, communicating power to and from the grid 101 over power lines (P0, Pl, and P2); and 2) a second local power generating asset comprised of a unidirectional local generation resource (LGR) 113 for producing a DC power that is regulated via a DC-DC converter 218 and then subsequently captured and stored in a fixed energy storage (FES) system 220.
  • LGR unidirectional local generation resource
  • the FES system 220 provides the site 200-1 a secondary' local power source for delivering and receiving bidirectional power to and from the grid 101 over power lines (P0, P3) via an inverter 224 and distribution system 106-1.
  • the FES system 220 may include a plurality of energy storage devices (e.g., batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and other types of energy storage cells) all electrically connected to an FES control system. In this way, collocated energy storage devices may be added modularly to an FES system without the need for redundant control equipment.
  • the LEMS 210 may be physically onsite. In another aspect, the LEMS 210 may be offsite, residing in a remote or cloud server management system physically separated from the local site.
  • Other subcomponents operating for supporting the power generation at the site 200 include one or more transformers 214, one or more inverters 224, battery controller 222, power converter 218, and sensing meters (Em, Fm).
  • FIG. 3A - FIG. 3C illustrate a view of the first local asset comprised of multiple EVSEi . n, disposed at a EVSE charging station 111 for communicating power to and from the grid 101 over grid power lines (P0-P2), according to an implementation.
  • the first local asset may have various types of charging infrastructures for delivering and receiving power to and from the grid 101.
  • the charging infrastructure may include EVSEs having unidirectional (one-way) EV chargers as shown in FIG. 3A, bidirectional (two-way) EV chargers as shown in FIG. 3B, or a mixture of unidirectional and bidirectional EV chargers as shown in FIG. 3C.
  • EVSEi .n at EVSE charging station 111 includes a combination of charging infrastructures supporting both unidirectional and bidirectional EV chargers.
  • a first set of the EVSEs (EVSE1...3) at charging station 111 can have bidirectional chargers allowing EV connected vehicles both charging and discharging capabilities, while a second set of EVSEs (EVSE4. 11) have unidirectional chargers, allowing EV vehicles only charging capabilities when plugged into the unidirectional charging station.
  • the LEMS 210 can query the EVSEs at the local site 200 and can dynamically adjust operating parameters based on the charging infrastructure and electric vehicles present at the local site. For example, the LEMS 210 can query the EVSEs and determine whether the EVSEi ...n under unidirectional power flow (Pl) can be curtailed while other EVSEs cannot be curtailed where feed power is not communicated locally or to the grid 101. The LEMS 210 may also treat some EVSE's having bidirectional EV charging capabilities to operate in a unidirectional mode based on the type of electric vehicle EV 108 that is connected into it.
  • Pl unidirectional power flow
  • the LEMS 210 has determined EVSE set points for controlling the power flow of certain EVSE’s with bidirectional EV chargers, causing them to operate either in a bidirectional power flow mode or a unidirectional power flow mode for the purpose of meeting power supply and load demands of the grid 101.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a view of another local power generating asset comprising the local generation resource LGR 113 and FES 220, according to an implementation
  • the local generation resource LGR 113 provides the local site 200 with another local power source, generating and supplying unidirectional power which is captured and stored in the FES system 220.
  • Examples local generation resource LGR 113 includes but is not limited to solar, wind, geothermal and hydro generation power sources.
  • the FES system 220 may include all types of energy storage devices such as batteries, battery packs, capacitors, and other types of energy storage cells, all electrically connected to an internal FES control system.
  • the site 200 may include other components for transforming and regulating power such as power converter 218, a battery controller 222 and inverter 224 generated by the LGR 113.
  • the battery controller 222 may receive commands via communication and control line Cl from the LEMS 210 to control charging and discharging modes of the stationary battery 220 while the inverter 224 is configured to convert and regulate current flow (AC/DC or DC/ AC) to and from the stationary batteries of the FES system 220.
  • the battery controller 222 may receive commands from the LEMS 210, causing the stationary battery to receive power from the grid 101 via inverter 224 and to therefore act as a load in order to perform demand-based grid services, or to provide power to the grid 101 over power lines P0, and therefore to perform supply-based grid services.
  • the local generation resource 113 is coupled to FES system 220 via a power converter 218, receiving signals from the battery controller 222 or the LEMS 210 via communication and control lines (C2, C3) and thereby converting unregulated power produced by the LGR 113 to regulated DC power which feeds and directly charges one or more stationary batteries of the FES system 220.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a power topology at one of the local mixed power generation site 200 for delivering and receiving power to and from the grid 101.
  • the power topology example in FIG. 5 can incorporate any of the features of other power topology example disclosed herein, with the differences described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the LGR 113 is applied and electrically coupled to an input side (in) of the transformer 214 via a DC-AC inverter 217, supplying a unidirectional AC power source to both the transformer 214 and the stationary battery 220 (via inverter 224).
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a power topology at the local mixed power generation site 200 for delivering and receiving power to and from the grid 101
  • the power topology example in FIG. 6 can incorporate any of the features of other power topology example disclosed herein, with the differences described with reference to FIG. 6.
  • the LGR 113 and power converter 219 can be applied at an output side (out) of the transformer 214 having direct connections to the EVSEs, supplying a unidirectional DC power source directly to an output side of the transformer 214 (or input side of the EVSEs via power converter 219.
  • the local mixed power generation site 200 may be configured to support multiple transformers and/or inverters operating within the local site.
  • the LEMS 210 is configured to receive input parameters from all local assets, including for example, the transformers, LGR, inverter, battery, etc., via a communication network describing the topology and electrical connections of these local assets in order to effectively manage, control and optimize each local asset according to set points and goals demanded from the site 200.
  • the LEMS 210 can generate a dynamic query mechanism for transmitting a request signal to each local asset in the site 200, requesting setup, layout and/or electrical connection configurations for each local asset in order to determine and have awareness of the current configuration and available assets in the power topology of the site 200.
  • the dynamic query mechanism may be generated by a combination of software, firmware, and hardware constituents contained within the system architecture of the LEMS 210 as described in the following sections.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a power topology at the local mixed power generation site 200 for delivering and receiving power to and from the grid 101.
  • the power topology example in FIG. 7 can incorporate any of the features of other power topology example disclosed herein, with the differences described with reference to FIG. 7.
  • bidirectional power is configured flow to and from the grid 101 over power lines (P0, P3) via the inverter 224 and distribution system 106-1.
  • power lines (P4) may be disposed directly between the transformer 214 and the inverter 224, allowing bidirectional power to flow between the transformer 214 and the battery 220, thereby indirectly bypassing the distribution system 106-1.
  • this power topology is configured in a manner by which the inverter 224 voltage does not have to match the grid voltage having a much high voltage rating (e.g., 12KVAC), which would also require larger inverter voltage ratings to match the grid voltage ratings.
  • a much lower inverter voltage rating e.g., 480V AC
  • 480V AC can be used when connected directly to the transformer 214 instead of the grid 101, allowing for lower inverters ratings and thereby reducing costs in equipment capital expensive.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of the local energy management system (LEMS) 210 operating at each local mixed power generation site 200, according to an implementation.
  • the LEMS 210 at each local site (sites l . .. n) is composed of several subsystems for intelligently managing, optimizing, and controlling local assets within the local mixed power generation site 200 based upon a power topology, site configuration, available assets at the local site, supply and load demands conditions between the local site and the grid, operating conditions of the mixed local assets (e.g., EVSEs and LGR 113) at any given time, and external requests between the aggregation platform 115 and the local mixed power generation site 200.
  • the mixed local assets e.g., EVSEs and LGR 113
  • the LEMS 210 may include 1) an inputs sub-block 210-1 having multiple input connections from internal and external sources; 2) a sensing sub-block 210-2 having real-time monitoring detectors for sensing current flow and voltages at various internal power generating sources (e.g., EVSEs and LGR); 3) a data processing sub-block 210-3 having protocol adapters for analyzing and processing data received by the inputs and sensing blocks (210-1, 210-2); 4) an execution and control sub-block 210-4 for executing commands and generating one or more signals to control and optimize local assets (e.g., EVSEs and LGR); and 5) an output sub-block 210-5 having multiple output ports for providing a communication link and control path between the LEMS 210, the internal power generating sources (e.g., EVSEs and LGR), and aggregation platform 115.
  • an inputs sub-block 210-1 having multiple input connections from internal and external sources
  • a sensing sub-block 210-2 having real-time monitoring detector
  • the LEMS 210 is configured to receive and transmit data to and from local power assets (e.g., EVSEs and LGR) including commands from the aggregation platform 115 at inputs subblock 210-1.
  • the LEMS 210 can receive and analyze data from the metering sensors (Em, Fm) via the sensing sub-block 210-2.
  • the LEMS 210 can process the received data via the data processing sub-block 210-3, generate and execute control signals via the control sub-block 210-4, and then transmit the control signals to adjacent power components via the output sub-block 210-5, thereby optimizing and leveraging the local power storage generated by the mixed local assets (EVSEs and LGR 113) in order to provide grid services to and from the grid 101.
  • the LEMS 210 provides an intelligent local power management system at each local site moderating grid based services to and from the grid 101 by effectively co-optimizing the local assets and leveraging the local power storage generated by these assets. [0134] FIG.
  • the inputs sub-block 210-1 may comprise an input interface unit having multiple data communication links and channels for receiving input signals conveying input data from local assets and external systems available at the site level.
  • the input interface unit in the inputs sub-block 210-1 may be configured to receive analog signals, receive digital signals, receive and convert analog signals into digital signals, and vice-versa.
  • the input data received at the input interface unit can be raw data, which is pre-harmonized.
  • the input interface unit can convert the raw or input data (il. . i8) into an appropriate format and structured to be interpreted by the LEMS 210. Entity sources generating input data (il...
  • LEMS 210 includes, for example, EVSEs, LGR 113, metering devices, etc., while other sources of input data are provided by external systems such as the aggregation platform 115, a 3 rd party data service provider, grid utility operators, Distribution System Operators (DSO), building management systems, or other grid operating sources coupled to the site 200.
  • Types of input data received at the inputs sub-block 210-1 may include but are not limited to local profile data, status data, capacity data, controllability data, error data, informational data, and measurement data of all local assets and external systems connected to the local site 200.
  • the data format of the input data may include data of different types of communication protocols such as but not limited to TCP/IP, 802.11, MODBUS, IEC, CAN-BUS, USB, and so on based upon the input device and system sending the data to the LEMS 210.
  • Table 1.0 below provides a list of some exemplary input data received at inputs sub-block 210-1.
  • Table 1.0 provides a few examples of input data received by the LEMS 210 but are not limited to those input data and may include other inputs based on future monitoring and control requirements of the LEMS 210 and site 200. It is also noted that the power capacity inputs, transfer of power, and energy flow direction shown in Table 1.0 are not limited to active power but may also be applied to reactive power. In one aspect, the power capacity inputs may include but are not limited to charging and discharging, active power, reactive power, or any input devices connected therein as it relates to power. Measurement of active power inputs are generally captured in KVA's or VA or kilovolt amps while reactive power measurement are captured in VARs, mVARs, or kVARs.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the sensing sub-block 210-2 of the LEMS 210 having multiple sensing points (si - s7), while FIG. 11 illustrates relative locations of these sensing points (si - s9) at the local site 200, according to an implementation.
  • the sensing sub-block 210-2 receives metering data from different sensing meters coupled to local assets and subsystems that are within its control area.
  • the metering data reported by the sensing subblock 210-2 effectively provides the LEMS 210 additional situational awareness of site 200, including real-time feedback, electrical measurement, and status conditions of all local assets and subsystems captured and reported by the different sensing meters.
  • sensing meters may include, for example, a frequency meter (Fm) and energy meter (Em) where these sensing meters could be applied to sensing points (si - s9) of the site 200 as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the site 200 may accommodate multiple frequency meters (Fmi...Fm n ) and energy meters (Emi...Em n ) at the sensing points (si - s9) for sensing and measuring both frequency an energy data of local assets and subsystems at these points.
  • Examples of electrical measurements captured and reported at sensing points include voltages at different phases (single-phase, 3-phase), current, and instantaneous power, including but not limited to active power, reactive power, power capacity, power output, frequency of the grid, phase rotation, and power factor.
  • the power capacity includes both charging (up) and discharging (down) of the battery.
  • the sensing sub-block 210-2 may also receive metering data from other sensing devices such as a vehicle or asset presence sensors located at the EVSE station 111 which may include but is not limited to vehicle sensor switches, cameras, PIR motion sensors, in- ground induction loops, radars, lasers, or rubber hoses filled with air which can detect whether or not vehicle has pulled up to EVSE station 111.
  • the sensing sub-block 210-2 may also receive weather data from local weather sensor devices, including temperature, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, barometric pressure, and relative humidity at the local site. The weather data may be captured by sensors physically present at the local level or provided by a 3rd party or an external weather data provider.
  • the sensing subblock 210-2 may receive date and time, angle of the sun, sunrise, sunset, and moon phases as well as other environmental phase data for correlating chronological data with power and energy data as determined by the LEMS 210.
  • the different sensing meters may include stand-alone meters disposed between local assets and the LEMS 210 along communication paths, sensing paths, or power lines.
  • each local asset may have an onboard sensing meter for directly capturing and reporting its current state and internal readings to the LEMS 210. All metering data received at the sub-block 210-2 are transmitted to data processing sub-block 210-3 for further processing, processed by the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4, providing metering data of all local assets and external systems connected to the local site 200.
  • the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 may control the duration, frequency, and flow of metering data by the energy meters, having the accuracy and refresh rate for understanding how often the readings are expected to be updated.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the data processing sub-block 210-3 of the local energy management system (LEMS) 210, according to an implementation.
  • the data processing sub-block 210-3 facilitates the transformation of all raw data (input data il...i8 and metering data sl...s9) received by the LEMS 210, unifying and converting the raw data into a structured format that is interpreted and processed by the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4.
  • the site 200 can have multiple input devices and sensing meters having different communication protocols (e.g., data formats, data packet, flow control, error handling, ACK, header information, etc.) which need to be interpreted by the LEMS 210.
  • the data processing sub-block 210-3 allows the handling of different types of data formats and communication protocols via one or more protocol adapters Pai... Pan) as shown in FIG. 12. Examples of protocols handled and adapted by the data processing subblock 210-3 include but are not limited to TCP/IP, 802.11, MODBUS, IEC, CAN-BUS, and USB.
  • the data processing sub-block 210-3 facilitates the transformation of these operational set points as determined by the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 into an appropriate protocol having a formatted data structure that is capable of being interpreted by the local power generating assets, sub-systems, sub-components, and devices at the local site.
  • protocol adapters described herein may be implemented through custom algorithms or programming codes having procedures, functions, and routines for receiving, handling, transforming, and conveying specific protocols processed by the data processing sub-block 210-3.
  • a pseudocode example of a protocol adapter procedure is provided in Table 2.0 below.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the orchestration execution and control sub-block 210-4 of the local energy management system (LEMS) 210, according to an implementation.
  • the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 comprises one or more microprocessors 210- 4A for executing a set of instructions that generates, determines, and conveys operational set point commands to each local asset and subcomponents, thereby controlling each local asset in order to meet the objective at the local site 200.
  • microprocessor components for supporting data processing and executing these instructions in sub-block 210-4 include but not limited to, for example, microcontroller 210-4B, read/write memory 210-4C, control bus 210-4D, data bus 210-4E, I/O 210-4F, and interfaces 210-4G, where these microprocessor subcomponents facilitate the exchange of data with other sub-blocks (inputs sub-block 210-1 and sensing sub-block 210-2) in order to effectuate set point commands of the LEMS 210.
  • the set point commands can be based on real-time power constraints and local asset configurations (controllable/non-controllable, power capacity, SoC, etc.) received by the LEMS 210 at inputs sub-block 210-1 and sensing sub-block 210-2.
  • the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 of the LEMS 210 may receive and analyze formatted input data and metering data from the data processing sub-block 210-3 and, based on the objective of the site 200, the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 formulates, determines, and then generates one or more set points and control signals that are subsequently conveyed to the mixed local assets (EVSEs, FES, LGR, FMS) and subcomponents in order to meet objective of the site 200.
  • EVSEs, FES, LGR, FMS mixed local assets
  • the set points, instructions, commands, and objectives of the system described herein may be determined and executed by the aggregation platform 115 instead of the LEMS 210, acting as a backup system to the LEMS 210, and allowing the site 200 to operate and control the local assets, thereby bypassing the LEMS 210.
  • the energy or electrical objective received by the LEMS 210 at a local site, subsystem of the site, or sub-component of the site is defined herein as one or more desired energy or electrical targets including but not limited to power factor, voltage, current, frequency, reach ve/active power, energy, and/or phase angle having a supply or demand requirement (e g., charging or discharging) in response to a grid condition.
  • the objective may be initiated by external entities, such as the aggregation platform 115 or external systems (3 rd party systems), and then conveyed to the LEMS 210 for further processing of the objective.
  • objectives may be determined internally by the LEMS 210 based on conditions at the local site determined by input and sensing data.
  • operational set points are determined based on the real-time power conditions and power configuration at that local site, and subsequently convey ed to the local assets (EVSEs, LGR) and subcomponents via data and control signals transmitted over the communication and control lines.
  • these set points are configured to dynamically and automatically adjust one or more operational states and power deliver ⁇ ' settings of the local assets (EVSEs, LGR) and subcomponents in order to meet the objective at that local site.
  • operational states include but are not limited to enable or disabling power, adjusting or throttling charge or discharge power, or any other power settings all within power capacity and availability limits of each local asset.
  • these constraints can also include the mobility needs of the user.
  • one objective received by the LEMS 210 may include discharging lOOkW of power to the local site from the grid 101, while another objective could include delivering 200kW of charge generated by the local site to the grid 101.
  • operational set points are formulated by the LEMS 210 (or external entity) according to their given objective (e.g., lOOkW discharge or 200kW charge), and then conveyed to the local assets and subcomponents, having their operational states and power charge and discharge control settings automatically adjusted based upon these set points in order meet these objectives.
  • Another objective can include meeting power delivery requirements in relation to deviations in the grid supply and demand conditions.
  • objectives can include meeting target energy consumption or target power limit that is not to be exceeded, meeting grid balancing requirements as determined by the aggregation platform 115, and meeting power requirements for any grid services from grid 101 such as voltage regulation demands or other metering data as measured by the metering sensors (Em, Fm), sending this metering data to the LEMS 210 in order to dynamically respond to certain power deviations in the grid 101.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may group operational set points into a group function based on the input data it receives from the grid 101, breaking up multiple objectives into a group of set points and controls that are conveyed to one or more local mixed power generation sites (200-1, 200-2,. . . , 200-n).
  • the aggregation platform 115 may have an objective to discharge at 200 kW of power at local site 200-1 to the grid 101.
  • the LEMS 210 can determine, generate, and convey operational set points to the battery in the FES system 220 causing it to discharge the battery at 500 kW based upon the input data and sensing data it receives from all the local assets (EVSEs, battery, LGR, and FES system).
  • the objective is thereby achieved by leveraging and aggregating the power from the mixed local assets (EVSEs, LGR).
  • the aggregation platform 115 may perform energy management for the purposes of bill savings and revenue generation by monitoring and controlling all of the sites (200-1, 200-2,... , 200- n), limiting them to certain power threshold so that sub-systems at each local site do not exceed this threshold as a group.
  • Ideal energy settings across all local sites (200-1, 200-2,... , 200-n) may be calculated by one or more optimization algorithms performed and executed by the aggregation platform 115, external entity or any other third party systems.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may monitor frequency in real-time and respond to frequency deviation at the local site level by generating and conveying a frequency objective at the local site. Based on this frequency objective as well as current input data and metering data measured at the local site, the LEMS 210 or aggregation platform 115 may determine, generate, and convey operational set points to the local assets to dynamically adjust them in order to meet this frequency objective at the local site.
  • the LEMS 210 may take into consideration the various states at each local asset such as different loads, the battery capacity, state of charge, how much energy is available at the local site by adding up all the energy devices, and whether or not those energy devices are controllable at any point in time, and, if they are, to what extent are they controllable. In addition, the LEMS 210 may take into consideration other conditions at the local site to make its calculation, including energy capacity states such as power capacity to charge and power capacity to discharge.
  • All methods, functions, and procedures described herein may be implemented through one or more device level, component level, or system level programming languages, including but not limited to C, C++, C#, Java, Python, ADA, assembly language, Verilog, VHDL, and the like.
  • device level, component level, or system level programming languages including but not limited to C, C++, C#, Java, Python, ADA, assembly language, Verilog, VHDL, and the like.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the outputs sub-block 210-5 of the local energy management system (LEMS) 210, according to an implementation.
  • the outputs sub-block 210-5 may comprise an output interface unit having multiple data communication links and channels for transmitting output signals which carry output data generated and conveyed by the LEMS 210 to the local assets, subcomponents, and external systems available at the site level.
  • the output interface unit may be configured to transmit analog signals, transmit digital signals, transmit and convert analog signals into digital signals, and vice-versa, having output data that has been converted into one or more protocol formats (via the data processing sub-block 210-3) which are communicatively adapted and interpreted by the local assets, subcomponents, and external systems available at the site level.
  • the output data in outputs sub-block 210-5 contains one or more operational set points commands for controlling and setting each local asset including, for example, curtailed commands or charge/discharge commands.
  • the output data in outputs sub-block 210-5 may contain messaging information providing system and asset information and device status information that are reported to the aggregation platform 115 or the external system.
  • the outputs sub-block 210-5 receives set point commands from the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4, the set point commands are then separated and channeled into output ports (oi .. . o n ) that are routed to the each local asset or external system via communication and control links Lee for dynamically setting and controlling local assets and subcomponents (e.g., LGR, EVSEs, battery controller, etc.) or communicating messaging information to external systems (e.g., aggregation platform, 3 rd part system).
  • output ports oi .. . o n
  • the set point commands are then separated and channeled into output ports (oi .. . o n ) that are routed to the each local asset or external system via communication and control links Lee for dynamically setting and controlling local assets and subcomponents (e.g., LGR, EVSEs, battery controller, etc.) or communicating messaging information to external systems (e.g., aggregation platform, 3 rd part system
  • the outputs sub-block 210-5 may receive power and current set point commands from the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 at ports 03 and 04, routing these set point commands to the LGR and EVSEs via communication and control links Lee, and causing these assets to ramp down power generation, ramp up power generation, or curtail them based upon the objective of the site 200.
  • the outputs sub-block 210-5 can receive set point commands from the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 at output ports oi... o n for curtailing loads.
  • the LEMS 210 is not involved in the process of making energy calculations or determining operational set points, acting only as a pass-through device.
  • the aggregator platform 115 is fully in control of determining and generating all operational set points at the site 200. Those operational set points are then relayed to the local assets at each local site and can either be on the AC side or the DC side. Operational set points of the aggregator platform 115 may include power, current or curtailment set points that are relayed to each local asset, bypassing the LEMS 210. In other cases, the power could be active power, reactive power, or a combination of active power and reactive power.
  • the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 may occasionally need to generate and transmit status, energy capacity, control, and other messaging information to the aggregator platform 115 or other external entities, reporting status and configuration settings of the local assets at the local site.
  • This messaging information may be transmitted from the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 to the aggregator platform 115 via output port 01 of outputs sub-block 210-5.
  • the messaging information may include site status data which informs the aggregator platform 115 the current state at the local site 200 in real-time, both at the aggregation level, site level, and local asset level, providing the aggregator platform 115 applicable visibility of the entire site 200 including events at the local asset level, if needed.
  • the LEMS 210 may capture and record one or more EV 108 having EV identification data (e.g., EV ID, arrival/departure times, charge capacity, charge modes - unidirectional/bidirectional, etc.) at the EVSE station 111, charging at one or more EVSEs, and having dynamic and unpredictable arrival and departure times.
  • This EV identification data may be routed from the LEMS 210 to the aggregator platform 115 via the aggregation output port (oi) contained in the outputs sub-block 210-5.
  • an accumulation of statistical data, performance data, and site analysis correlation data can be collected from the EV identification data to further optimize the power generation produced at the local site.
  • the LEMS 200 may communicate its power energy capacity to the aggregation platform 115 via an energy capacity messaging data that is routed through the aggregation platform output port oi disposed in sub-block 210-5 of the LEMS 210. Based on this power energy capacity available at the local site 200-1, the aggregation platform 115 may select the local site 200-1 according to one or more objectives for grid services. Upon selection, the aggregation platform 115 generates and conveys an objective (or command) to the LEMS 210 at the local site 200-1, instructing it to discharge 100 kW of power to the grid 101.
  • the LEMS 210 Before the LEMS 210 receives any objectives from the aggregation platform 115, it is already aware of the charging state, activity, controllability, charge capacity, and availability of every single local asset (EVSEs, LGR, inverters, transformers, etc.) at the local site based on input data and metering data received at the inputs sub-block 210-1 and sensing sub-block 210-2, respectively. In other words, based on the input data and metering data at sensing points (sl- s7) received and analyzed by the LEMS 210, it can determine exactly what each local asset is doing, and whether or not these local assets and subcomponents are controllable or not, and if controllable, to what extent can they be controlled. Furthermore, the LEMS 210 can determine the current state at the local site, including availability of local assets, asset control status, asset configuration, power capacity, and energy flow states at each local asset.
  • EVSEs, LGR, inverters, transformers, etc. every single local asset (EV
  • the LEMS 210 After the LEMS 210 has received the objective from the aggregation platform 115, it takes the input data and metering data and determines that additional power resources (e.g., one or more EVs 108) is available at the EVSE charging station 111 at time to. From the input data received at time to, the LEMS 210 has also determined that EVSE 1 is unidirectional, EVSEs 2, 3 that are bidirectional, EVSE 4-n are empty.
  • additional power resources e.g., one or more EVs 108
  • the LEMS 210 From the input data it has received from the inputs sub-block 210-1, the LEMS 210 has determined that EVSE 2 is bidirectional but not controllable, performing a 50 kW discharge, EVSE 1 is unidirectional, controllable, and charging at -10 kW, while EVSE 3 is idle with no EV present or connected. In addition, the LEMS 210 has also determined that there is available power generation from the LGR 113 of 200 kW, the battery 220 is at 60% SOC, and the inverter 224 is capable of handling up to 1 MW of power, based on sensing data measured at sensing points (s4, s5, s8) at sensing sub-block 210-2. The LGR 113 provides power to the EVSEs via the FES and battery 220.
  • a total load of -160 kW is being consumed from one or more assets therein including, for example, -10 kW from EVSE 1, -50 kW from EVSE 2, -100 kW reported by the FMS 301 for buildings 1 and 2.
  • the power level seen at energy meter (Em) is now the sum of -160 kW and 200 kW (or 40 kW) that is available and injected into the grid.
  • the LEMS 210 can analyze all input data and sensing data from the local assets and subcomponents at the local site, determining which local assets are controllable and not controllable, determining the preferred operating set points for each local asset and sub-component, and then conveying these set points to alter the operating settings of the local assets and sub-components.
  • EVSE 2 is bidirectional and not controllable
  • EVSE 1 is unidirectional, controllable, and charging at 10 kW
  • EVSE 3 is also bidirectional but sitting idle (no vehicle present and charging). Since EVSE 1 is controllable, the LEMS 210 can initiate a set point command to EVSE 1 to reduce the 10 kW charge drawn by EVSE 1 to 0 kW, providing an additional 10 kW at the local site out of the 60 kW required by the aggregation platform 115.
  • the LEMS 210 can initiate a command to the inverter 224 and the battery 220 to increase its discharge by 50 kW (totaling 250 kW discharge), providing the total power delivery objective requirement of 100 kW by the aggregation platform 115 for grid services.
  • the local site operates under a dynamic environment where electric vehicles EVs are plugged into the EVSE station 111 at various times of the day having dynamic arrival and departure times at the local site.
  • the LEMS 210 is able to continuously track in real time the current state and condition at the local site, how many and what type of EVs are being plugged into EVSE station 111, whether these EVs are controllable or not controllable, how much energy capacity is available from each EV at the EVSE station 111, and charging and discharging conditions at the local site.
  • the LEMS 210 is able to control and make the necessary power adjustments via set points to each controllable local asset at the local site in order to meet objectives defined by the aggregation platform for grid service demands.
  • the local assets may have limited power supply or load capacity which may limit its ability to meet certain objectives of the aggregation platform 115.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may send set points to the LEMS 210 at a local site, requesting the LEMS 210 to update operational settings of each local asset in order to meet a predetermined objective.
  • the LEMS 210 reports to the aggregation platform 115 that the set point conditions cannot be applied to the local asset at the local site due to the current power capacity constraints (e.g., a depleted or full energy device) of one or more local assets.
  • the LEMS 210 is continuously monitoring and querying the local assets via inputs block 210-1 and sensing sub-block 210-2 and calculating the current power capacity at the local site, updating and reporting status information to the aggregation platform 115.
  • the reporting of status information to the aggregation platform 115 may be performed on a predetermined schedule, set time interval, or in real-time.
  • the LEMS 210 has a real-time awareness and management over controllable local assets and sub-components, determining appropriate set points that meet power supply and/or demand requirements defined by aggregation platform 115.
  • the LGR 113-1 at the local site 200-1 comprises a solar panel power generating system
  • the power supplied by the LGR 113-1 are constantly changing due to weather conditions and other temporary obstructions (e.g., time of day, angle of sun, clouds, aircrafts, balloons, or other air traffic obstructions). Due to these potential obstructions, power generation from the LGR 113-1 may instantly and temporarily drop, reducing power capacity for this local asset at the local site. The reduction in power generation for this particular asset is immediately detected by the LEMS 210-1 which reports the curtailed power capacity at the local site 210-1 to the aggregation platform 115. In response, the aggregation platform 115 can dynamically transmit and allocate objectives to the other LEMS (210-2, 210-3,... , 210-n) disposed at the other sites (200-2, 200-3, ... , 200-n) and automatically adjust power settings to targeted systems, in order to meet the objectives and satisfy the supply and load requirements for grid services.
  • the other LEMS 210-2, 210-3,...
  • faults and communication between one or more local assets and the LEMS 210 can occur if the local asset is in an error state or unreachable over a communication network.
  • the LEMS 210 can leverage the energy meter (Em) to estimate power capacity from the local assets that are unable to communicate directly with the LEMS 210.
  • Em energy meter
  • power capacities from these local assets can be extrapolated by the calculating the power differences measured between remaining local assets (EVSE l-3... n, FES System) and the energy meter (Em) which are still communicating with the LEMS 210.
  • the LEMS 210 can extrapolate the power capacity measurements of EVSE 4 and the LGR 113 by subtracting the power capacity measured at the available energy meter (Em) from the cumulative power capacities at the other available local assets, even though it cannot control or communicate with the lost assets directly. Furthermore, the LEMS 210 can adjust set points to all controllable local assets at the local site and apply these extrapolated power capacity measurements for optimization of the entire local site.
  • Em available energy meter
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a method 1500 for performing grid services by the LEMS 210 and mixture local power generating assets in order to meet one or more objectives at the local mixed power generation site.
  • Method 1500 begins at step 1502 receiving, by the LEMS 210, one or more objectives from an external entity, including but not limited to the aggregation platfonn 115, an external third party, or external systems.
  • objectives may generally define a local site’s electrical target (power factor, current, reactive/active power, etc.) having a power supply or demand requirement (e.g., charging or discharging) in response to a grid condition. Examples of some objectives are also described with respect to Table 4.0 previously presented in this disclosure.
  • step 1500 refers to performing a single LEMS at one of the local mixed power generation site
  • the method 1500 may further include multiple LEMS (210-1, 210-2, ...210-n), as described above with respect to FIG. 1, operating at different local sites (200-1, 200-2, ..., 200-n), and performing multiple grid services simultaneously or at different times according to objectives received at each local site.
  • Method 1500 proceeds to step 1504 with receiving, by the LEMS 210, incoming raw data, including but not limited to 1) input data from local assets, sub-components, and external entities; and 2) sensing data from metering devices operating in the system 200 at the local site.
  • the input data and sensing data can provide the LEMS 210 status, capability, and operational data from all local assets, sub-components, and metering devices which can be measured in real-time or as historical data based on network and communication statuses, providing operational awareness of all local power generating assets and devices disposed at the local site to the LEMS 210. Examples of the input data and sensing data discussed above are also described with respect to Table 1.0 and FIGS. 9-11.
  • the input data may receive command and instructional data from external entities such as the aggregation platform 115 to which the LEMS 210 may initiate an appropriate response, such as eliciting one or more commands to one or more local power generating assets under its reach and control.
  • the LEMS 210 may receive request data from the external entity, including but not limited to system identification data, system configuration, system availability, system capability data, or system status updates, allowing the external entity (e.g., aggregation platform 115) to determine which commands are appropriate for a given local site 200 based on its configuration, availability power capability, and so on.
  • Method 1500 then proceeds to step 1506 with transforming, by the LEMS 210, the incoming raw data into a structured format via one or more protocol adapters.
  • transforming the incoming raw data is executed by the data processing subblock 210-3 which facilitates the transformation of all raw data (input data il...i8 and metering data sl...s9) received by the LEMS 210, unifying and converting the raw data into a structured format that is interpreted and processed by the orchestration execution control subblock 210-4.
  • the data processing sub-block 210-3 also facilitates the transformation of operational set points determined by the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 into an appropriate protocol having a formatted data structure that is capable of being interpreted by the local power generating assets, sub-systems, sub-components, and devices at the local site. Examples of the data processing sub-block 210-3 and the protocol adapter discussed in this section are also provided Table 2.0 and FIGS. 12 previously presented in this disclosure. [0168] Method 1500 then proceeds to step 1508 with generating, by the LEMS 210, one or more set points based upon the one or more objectives and incoming raw data.
  • generating may generally include calculating and determining a single set point command or group of commands according to the one or more objectives and incoming raw data.
  • the data processing and execution of these set point commands are handled by the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 of the LEMS 210. Implementations and examples of the orchestration execution control sub-block 210-4 and set point commands discussed in this section are also provided Table 3.0 and FIGS. 13 previously presented in this disclosure.
  • Method 1500 then proceeds to step 1510 with conveying, by the LEMS 210, the one or more set points to one or more local power generation assets, subcomponents, or devices.
  • the data processing sub-block 210-3 may further facilitate the transformation of these set points into an appropnate protocol having a formatted data structure that is capable of being interpreted by the targeted systems (e.g., local power generating assets, sub-systems, sub-components, and devices) at the local site.
  • these set point commands may automatically adjust operational power settings of each targeted system at one or more operational set points as determined by the LEMS 210. Implementations and examples of the conveyance of set points to targeted systems discussed in this section are also provided Table 4.0 previously presented in this disclosure.
  • Method 1500 then proceeds to step 1512 with performing, by the mixture of local power generating assets, one or more grid services in order to meet the one or more objectives.
  • the objective defined by the external entity may be achieved by leveraging and aggregating the charging and discharging of power from a mixture and combination of local power generating assets.
  • Method 1500 then proceeds to step 1514 with transferring, by the mixture of local power generating assets, power between the mixture of local power generating assets and the power grid, and thereby satisfying the one or more objectives at the local mixed power generation site.
  • performing grid services may include but is not limited to performing energy management for the purposes of bill savings and revenue generation by monitoring and controlling all of the sites (200-1, 200-2,... , 200-n), limiting them to certain power threshold so that sub-systems at each local site do not exceed this threshold as a group.
  • a notable benefit of the LEMS 210 is its ability to utilize loads, supplies, and power capacities from a mixture of local power generating assets including but not limited to EVSE systems, LGR systems, FES systems, and Facility Management Systems (FMS).
  • FMS Facility Management Systems
  • FIGs. 16-20 illustrate other viable power topologies in which the LEMS 210 may operate, manage, and control one or more groups of local power generating assets.
  • Each power topology presented in the drawings demonstrates various configurations of local power generating assets and LEMS that may operate at a given local site. These power topologies may allow a site planner the flexibility and several options to design and choose an appropriate power configuration in order to meet local site conditions and constraints such as any site regulations, ordinances, or other factors which may inhibit the use of certain local power generating assets (e.g., EVSE’s, LGR systems or FES systems) to be present at the local site.
  • local power generating assets e.g., EVSE’s, LGR systems or FES systems
  • power topologies and configurations are not intended to be limiting in scope, design, number of local power generating assets and/or LEMS applied at each site, or interconnections, methods, or applications which facilitate the power transfer and communication to and from the grid.
  • FIG. 16 depicts an EVSE Local Power Topology at local site 1 (200-1) having multiple EVSE stations 111 (1-N) in communication and under the control of the LEMS 210.
  • the system 200 and LEMS 210 may leverage the use of a multi- EVSE’s system to supply and meet objectives determined by the aggregation platform 115.
  • Each EVSE station 111 (1-N) may have a fixed number of EVSE’s (EVSEi . n) based on space availability and zoning regulations at the local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 in connection with the LEMS 210 may identify the EVSE power topology and power delivery capabilities based on its configuration (i.e., EVSE only system), allowing tailored objectives to be conveyed to this site. For example, since the multi-EVSE’s system can support both supply and load demands, the aggregation platform 115 may transmit objectives including groups of charging and discharging instructions to the LEMS 210 which, in response, generates and conveys set point commands to one or more EVSEs.
  • FIG. 17 depicts a LGR Local Power Topology at local site 2 (200-2) having multiple LGR systems 113 in communication and under the control of the LEMS 210.
  • the system 200 and LEMS 210 may effectively manage and control a plurality of local generation resources (LGRs 113-1...113-N), including but not limited to a mixture and combination of solar, wind, geothermal and hydro generation power sources.
  • the LEM-LGR system may fixed number of LGR’s based on space availability and zoning regulations at the local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 in connection with the LEMS 210 may identify the LGR power topology and power delivery' capabilities based on its configuration (i.e., LGR only system), allowing tailored objectives to be conveyed to this site. For example, since the LGR systems can only support supply demands, the aggregation platform 115 may transmit objectives including groups of charging instructions to the LEMS 210 which, in turn, generates and transmits set point commands to one or more LGRs.
  • FIG. 18 depicts a FES Local Power Topology at local site 3 (200-3) having multiple FES systems 220 in communication and under the control of the LEMS 210.
  • the system 200 and LEMS 210 may effectively manage and control a plurality of fixed energy storage systems (FES’s 220-1...220-N). including but not limited to a mixture and combination of fixed energy systems of varying foot print, power capacity, and performance capabilities.
  • FES fixed energy storage systems
  • the LEM-FES system may have a fixed number of FES’s based on space availability and zoning regulations at the local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 in connection with the LEMS 210 may identify the FES power topology and power delivery capabilities based on its configuration (i.e., FES only system), allowing tailored objectives to be conveyed to this site. For example, since the FES systems can support supply and load demands, the aggregation platform 115 may transmit objectives including groups of charging and discharging instructions to the LEMS 210 which, in response, generates and delivers set point commands to one or more FES (220-1...220-N).
  • FIG. 19 depicts a Multi-Mixed Local Power Topology at local site 4 (200-4) having multiple groups of varying types of local power generating assets in communication and under the control of the LEMS 210.
  • the system 200 and LEMS 210 may effectively manage and control an array of EVSEs, FES’s, and LGR’s, including but not limited to a mixture and combination of EVSEs, FES’s, and LGR’s having varying foot prints, sizes, power capacity, and performance capabilities.
  • the LEM- multi-mixed mode system may have a fixed quantity of power generation assets based on space availability and zoning regulations at the local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 in connection with the LEMS 210 may identify the LEM-multi-mixed mode topology and power delivery capabilities based on its configuration (i.e., multi -mixed mode system), allowing custom objectives to be conveyed to the local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may transmit objectives including groups of charging and discharging instructions to the LEMS 210 which, in response, generates and delivers set point commands or group functions of set point commands to one or more each local power generating asset at the site.
  • FIG. 20 depicts a Distributed Local Assets (DLAs)-Power Topology controlled and managed by the LEMS 210.
  • DLAs Distributed Local Assets
  • a single LEMS 210 may control groups of local power generating assets spread across local site 5 (200-5).
  • the local site is not limited in size and may span across varying distances where groups of local power generating assets may be separated either by feet or by miles within the local site.
  • some exemplary local sites may include mid to large areas such as but not limited to university campuses, shopping and town centers, community centers, municipalities, government facilities, and the like.
  • the aggregation platform 115 in connection with the LEMS 210 may identify the DLA-power topology and power delivery capabilities based on its configuration (i.e., DLA system), allowing custom objectives to be conveyed to the local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may transmit objectives including groups of charging and discharging instructions to the LEMS 210 which, in response, generates and delivers set point commands or group functions of set point commands to one or more each local power generating asset at the site.
  • FIG. 21 depicts a heterogeneous combination of LEMS power topologies in communication with the aggregation platform 115.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may generate objective commands to the LEMS of each power topology, including but not limited to the EVSE Local Power Topology', the LGR Local Power Topology', the FES Local Power Topology, the Multi-Mixed Local Power Topology', and the Distributed Local Assets (DLA)-Power Topology.
  • groups of EVSEs at another local site may be in direct communication and control by the aggregation platform 115.
  • Each power topology at their respective site may support a myriad of supply and load demands from the grid 101.
  • the aggregation platform 115 in connection with each LEMS 210 may identify and acquire the type of power topology scheme and power delivery capabilities at each site based on data received at the inputs sub-block 210-1 of each LEMS 210. Based on the power topology scheme, power supply and load capabilities at each power topology, an array of custom objectives may be conveyed to each power topology by the aggregation platform 115. These objectives may include groups of charging and discharging instructions tailored for each LEMS 210 which, in response, generates and delivers set point commands or group functions of set point commands to one or more each local power generating asset at the local site level.
  • the foregoing power topologies presented herein provide several examples of possible internal configurations and layout schemes of the LEMS, local power generating assets, subcomponents, devices, and interconnections therein at one or more local mixed power generation sites.
  • such examples are not meant to limiting in scope in terms of the number, size, capacity, geographic location, interconnection, or properties of local assets, systems, subsystems, and or devices operating at each site.
  • power topologies described above may include other variants, combinations, and numbers of local assets (EVSEs, FES, LGRs).
  • the LEMS may operate with other types of local power generating systems regardless of size, location, or power capacity including, but not limited to.
  • Facility Management Systems (FMS) facility Management Systems
  • thermal power generating systems and fuel cell systems.
  • a dynamic and synergistic system and method for applying forward probability based learning executed by the external entity can control a combination of local power topologies having controllable local power generating assets (EVs, EVSEs, battery. LGR) at different site locations, and communicate real-time status information from one or more EVSE’s to the external entity by which set points are determined and conveyed to each EVSE at the local level in order to satisfy objectives and grid service requirements.
  • the external entity e.g., aggregation platform 115
  • the external entity may apply and/or negotiate operational control of one or more EVSEs with a LEMS at each local site.
  • the external entity may have full authority of the LEMS at some local sites, allowing the external entity to have complete power management over local assets at these local sites.
  • the LEMS may be under the authority of another external party through which the external entity must negotiate control prior to conveying set points and adjusting power settings to local assets at these other sites. In either case, once control of a local EVSE has been established by the external entity, set points are conveyed to the local EVSE to change its operational power state to satisfy one or more operating conditions related to objectives and grid service requirement.
  • the power topology discussed above is applicable but is not limited to power topologies presented in FIGs. 1, 2, 5-7, 16-21.
  • the power generation and storage capabilities and capacities at each power topology can change over short periods of time where the power dynamics at the local site level have variable states, depending on the availability of EV’s at the EVSEs, charging/discharging states of EVs, charging modes (unidirectional or bidirectional) of EVs, and available power capacities of the EV’s.
  • FIGs. 22-23 depict examples of possible states within each local power topology. For example, FIG.
  • the aggregation platform 115 can obtain in real-time all status information from EVs connected to EVSEs at each local site, including but not limited to EV power capacity, EV availability, EV charging modes, and so on. Based on the initial state SO, the aggregation platform 115 can predict and forecast future power generation and storage capabilities at each local site, generating an array of set point models that may be applied to local power generating assets disposed at each local site in order to meet objectives and grid service requirements. For example, at the initial state SO shown in FIG.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may communicate with each local power topology (200-1 to 200-6) to obtain real-time status information of local power generating assets at each local site.
  • This example is further illustrated in Table 4.0 which provides status information for each local asset (e.g., EV) obtained by the aggregation platform 115 at the initial state, SO.
  • Table 4.0 and FIG. 22 depicts an example of status information obtained by the aggregation platform 115 at the initial state SO from the local power topologies, indicating site identification numbers, power topology types, availability of EV assets (E1-E17), EV power capacities, and EV mode capabilities.
  • the aggregation platform 115 can generate and apply set points (SP1-SP6) to one or more targeted systems (e.g., EVs) adjusting one or more power settings and/or power modes of operation to satisfy one or more objectives (PO1-PO6) at each site level (200-1 to 200-6) as well as meeting an objective for the entire power topology.
  • the aggregation platform 115 can perform a myriad of calculations based upon possible future states (SI, S2, . .. , SN) to determine set points producing an objective at those future states.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates the combination of local power topologies (200-1 to 200-6) at a possible future state SI at time Tl, where time T1 > TO.
  • future state SI many possible events may affect the power dynamics at each local site, including but not limited to the availability of local assets (EVs, EVSEs), EV power capacities, and EV mode capabilities.
  • Table 5.0 depicts new events at some of the local sites affecting the power dynamics at future state SI.
  • these events can include changes to the availability of local assets (EV3, EV5: Available, EV16: Unavailable), EV power capacity changes (EV6: -IkW, EV8:- 3kW), and EV mode capability changes (EVI: UNI->BI, EV3: BI, EV8: BI->UNI).
  • FIG. 24 illustrates the combination of local power topologies (200-1 to 200-6) at a possible future state S2 at time T2, where time T2 > Tl.
  • system level changes at the local site may occur which may enhance or diminish the power dynamics of the entire power topology. For example, as shown in FIG. 24 and in Table 6.0, power availability at local site 1 (200-1) is no longer in service and available to the aggregation platform 115 for grid services.
  • the states S0-S2 disclosed above present only a few examples out of a countless number of states that affect the power dynamics at each local power topology as well as the entire power topology as a whole.
  • the aggregation platform 115 can account for a myriad of power dynamics for determining objectives for local power topologies at future states.
  • FIG. 25 depicts a diagram of a multitude of states starting at an initial state SO by which the aggregation platform 115 may dynamically predict, determine, and calculate set points in order to meet energy or electrical objectives, including but not limited to objectives based upon grid-wide level conditions, local-level conditions, best mix of EVSE’s, maximum revenue generation, different time horizons, and/or other grid service requirements.
  • future states S1,S2,... SN are generally dependent on power setting changes made by the aggregation platform 115 at previous states as well as any event which affects changes in the power dynamics at each local site.
  • the aggregation platform 115 may implement and execute forward probability based learning and perform future state permutations to calculate set points to achieve one or more desired grid service objectives.
  • LEMS 210 An advantage of LEMS 210 is its intelligent awareness and ability to facilitate energy management at the local site level by controlling and leveraging a mixture of local assets (EVSEs and LGR) deployed at the local site, and combining a mixture of generated power from each site which acts as its own virtual power plant for delivering grid services to the grid 101.
  • the LEMS 210 has the ability to effectively handle and fulfill objectives of the grid services, including regulation or demand response objectives from the grid 101, by conveying operational set points that control the power charge and discharge at each local asset in order to meet those objectives.
  • the LEMS 210 has the ability to calculate the set points to power capacity needed in real-time at the local site based on input data and sensing data it receives from the local assets and subcomponents.
  • objectives for grid services could be measured in front of the sensing meters or behind the sensing meters, providing the LEMS 210 multiple targets for formulating, generating, and then conveying operational set points to the local assets in response these objectives.
  • the LEMS 210 can regulate the local assets that are controllable and, in some cases, acquire input data from local assets that cannot be controlled, making decisions and generating set points which affect local assets (both controllable and uncontrollable) in order to meet the objectives at the local site 200.
  • Grid services may be influenced by loads to the grid originating from power consumed by residential housing, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities or surplus power to the grid stemming from power supplied by solar power, wind power, or other power generating sources, thereby determining objectives for each site.
  • the LEMS 210 can facilitate energy management at the local site level, effectively meeting the dynamic nature and objectives of grid services, in response to load and surplus demands to the grid 101, for the purposes of bill savings and revenue generation at each local site (200-1 to 200-n). Additional Considerations
  • an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein.
  • the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to, or other than, the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
  • exemplary means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.
  • a phrase refernng to “at least one of’ a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members.
  • “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c).
  • determining encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e g., looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like. Also, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing and the like. [0200] The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the methods. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the claims.
  • the various operations of methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions.
  • the means may include various hardware and/or software component(s) and/or module(s), including, but not limited to a circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or processor.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit

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Abstract

Certains aspects de la présente divulgation se rapportent à un système de gestion d'énergie locale (LEMS) au niveau de sites de génération d'énergie mixte locale destinés à fournir des services de réseau et des applications de service de réseau. Le LEMS sert généralement d'agent de commande de puissance locale destiné à faciliter la gestion d'énergie au niveau du site local en commandant et en exploitant par effet de levier une pluralité d'actifs locaux déployés au niveau du site local, et en combinant une pluralité de puissances générées à partir de chaque site qui agit comme sa propre centrale électrique virtuelle pour fournir des services de réseau au réseau. De plus, le LEMS présente la capacité de gérer et de satisfaire efficacement l'énergie et les objectifs électriques des services de réseau, dont des objectifs de réponse ou de réponse à la demande à partir du réseau, en transportant des points de consigne opérationnels qui commandent la charge et la décharge de puissance au niveau de chaque actif local afin d'atteindre ces objectifs.
PCT/US2023/064301 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 Système intelligent de gestion d'énergie locale au niveau de sites de génération d'énergie mixte locale destinés à fournir des services de réseau Ceased WO2023183733A1 (fr)

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US18/849,921 US20250330024A1 (en) 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 Intelligent local energy management system at local mixed power generating sites for providing grid services
KR1020247034972A KR20240169013A (ko) 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 그리드 서비스 제공을 위한 로컬 혼합 발전소의 지능형 로컬 에너지 관리 시스템
CN202380034650.5A CN119032482A (zh) 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 用于提供电网服务的本地混合发电站点下的智能本地能量管理系统
JP2024556095A JP2025512776A (ja) 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 グリッドサービスを提供するための局所混合発電施設における知的局所エネルギー管理システム
EP23718701.8A EP4497184A1 (fr) 2022-03-21 2023-03-14 Système intelligent de gestion d'énergie locale au niveau de sites de génération d'énergie mixte locale destinés à fournir des services de réseau
MX2024011498A MX2024011498A (es) 2022-03-21 2024-09-19 Sistema inteligente de gestión de energía local en sitios locales de generación de energía mixta para proporcionar servicios de red

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US17/655,722 US11695274B1 (en) 2022-03-21 2022-03-21 Aggregation platform for intelligent local energy management system
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US17/655,720 US11747781B1 (en) 2022-03-21 2022-03-21 Intelligent local energy management system at local mixed power generating sites for providing grid services
US17/655,720 2022-03-21

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TWI888036B (zh) * 2024-03-05 2025-06-21 拓連科技股份有限公司 電動車充電站之充電排程管理方法及系統

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WO2018098400A1 (fr) * 2016-11-26 2018-05-31 The Regents Of The University Of California Système de gestion d'énergie de véhicule électrique multicouche à modèles de données personnalisés
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