WO2023167122A1 - 増殖因子産生細胞及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Definitions
- the present invention mainly relates to a method for producing growth factor-producing cells from somatic cells using so-called low-molecular-weight compounds (e.g., compounds with a molecular weight of 1000 or less), and growth factor-producing cells produced by such a production method.
- the invention further relates to methods of producing growth factors from such growth factor-producing cells, and compositions that can be used for methods of producing such growth factor-producing cells.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discusses attempts at regenerative medicine for patients with subacute spinal cord injury by transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell)-derived neural progenitor cells.
- iPS cell induced pluripotent stem cell
- HGF Hepatocyte Growth Factor
- HGF Hepatocyte Growth Factor
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a new method for safely and rapidly inducing or converting somatic cells to growth factor-producing cells without requiring gene transfer.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide growth factor-producing cells that are useful in regenerative medicine and the like.
- somatic cells can be rapidly and directly converted to growth factor-producing cells by using TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, cAMP inducers, and the like.
- TGF- ⁇ inhibitors TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, cAMP inducers, and the like.
- Examples of the present invention include the following.
- [1] A method for producing growth factor-producing cells by direct differentiation induction from somatic cells, comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, and cAMP inducers.
- a method for producing growth factor-producing cells comprising the step of culturing somatic cells in the presence of [2] Proliferation according to [1] above, wherein the step is a step of culturing somatic cells in the presence of at least four of a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a BMP inhibitor, a p53 inhibitor, and a cAMP inducer.
- a method for producing factor-producing cells comprising the step of culturing somatic cells in the presence of at least four of a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a BMP inhibitor, a p53 inhibitor, and a cAMP inducer.
- the step is a step of culturing the somatic cells in the presence of at least 6 types of TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, BMP inhibitor, p53 inhibitor, cAMP inducer, GSK3 inhibitor, and Erk inhibitor.
- [4] The method for producing growth factor-producing cells according to [2] or [3] above, wherein the TGF- ⁇ inhibitor is an ALK5 inhibitor and the BMP inhibitor is an ALK2 ⁇ 3 inhibitor.
- the ALK5 inhibitor is SB431542 (CAS No.: 301836-41-9) or Repsox (CAS No.: 446859-33-2), or the ALK2/3 inhibitor is LDN193189 (CAS No.
- the GSK3 inhibitor is CHIR99021 (CAS No.: 252917-06-9), or the Erk inhibitor is PD0325901 (CAS No.: 391210-10-9) [3] to The method for producing growth factor-producing cells according to any one of [5].
- the somatic cells are fibroblasts.
- the growth factor-producing cell of [9] above which produces a growth factor and an anti-inflammatory factor.
- IL-1RN Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
- a cell sheet or pharmaceutical composition comprising the growth factor-producing cells according to any one of [9] to [11] above and used for treating a disease.
- the cell sheet or pharmaceutical composition of [12] above, wherein the disease is spinal cord injury, burns, or bedsores.
- a method for producing a growth factor which comprises the step of extracting and isolating the growth factor from the growth factor-producing cells or secretions thereof according to [9] above.
- a method for producing a growth factor or anti-inflammatory factor comprising the step of extracting and isolating the growth factor or anti-inflammatory factor from the growth factor-producing cells or secretions thereof according to [10] or [11] above.
- a composition for producing growth factor-producing cells by direct differentiation induction from somatic cells, wherein at least any one selected from the group consisting of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, and cAMP inducers A composition for producing growth factor-producing cells, comprising: [17] The composition of [16] above, comprising at least four of a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a BMP inhibitor, a p53 inhibitor, and a cAMP inducer. [18] The composition of [17] above, further comprising a GSK3 inhibitor and an Erk inhibitor. [19] The composition of [17] or [18] above, wherein the TGF- ⁇ inhibitor is an ALK5 inhibitor and the BMP inhibitor is an ALK2 ⁇ 3 inhibitor.
- the ALK5 inhibitor is SB431542 (CAS No.: 301836-41-9) or Repsox (CAS No.: 446859-33-2), or the ALK2/3 inhibitor is LDN193189 (CAS No. : 1062368-24-4), or the p53 inhibitor is pifithrin- ⁇ (CAS No.: 63208-82-2), or the cAMP inducer is forskolin (CAS No.: 66428-89- 5), the composition according to any one of [16] to [19] above.
- the GSK3 inhibitor is CHIR99021 (CAS No.: 252917-06-9), or the Erk inhibitor is PD0325901 (CAS No.: 391210-10-9) [18] to The composition according to any one of [20].
- growth factor-producing cells or growth factors or anti-inflammatory factors can be produced in a short period of time from somatic cells (especially terminally differentiated somatic cells or fibroblasts).
- somatic cells especially terminally differentiated somatic cells or fibroblasts.
- the growth factor-producing cells obtained by the present invention are useful in regenerative medicine and the like.
- the upper figure shows phase-contrast images of fibroblasts A47B22 (DMEM) and NM and CiN cells derived from the same fibroblasts (8 days after induction).
- the lower panel shows a similar phase contrast image for KA45.
- the left figure shows the amount of HGF secreted in fibroblast A47B22 (DMEM) and NM and CiN cells derived from the same fibroblast (8 days after induction).
- the figure on the right shows the amount of HGF secreted in fibroblast KA45 (DMEM) and NM and CiN cells derived from the same fibroblast (8 days after induction).
- ND is an abbreviation for Not Detected, and indicates that it was below the detection limit of the measurement method.
- the left figure shows the amount of IL-1RN secretion in A47B22 fibroblasts (DMEM) and NM and CiN cells derived from the same fibroblasts (8 days after induction).
- the figure on the right shows IL-1RN secretion in fibroblast KA45 (DMEM) and fibroblast-derived NM and CiN cells (8 days after induction).
- ND is an abbreviation for Not Detected, and indicates that it was below the detection limit of the measurement method.
- Induction of fibroblast A47B22-derived NM (A47B22.CiN), CiN cells (A47B22.CiN) and fibroblast KA45-derived (KA45.CiN), CiN cells (KA45.CiN) 0, 4, 8, 12, A phase-contrast image of each cell on day 16 is shown.
- Induction of NM (A47B22.CiN), CiN cells (A47B22.CiN) from fibroblast A47B22 and (KA45.CiN), CiN cells (KA45.CiN) from fibroblast KA45 from day 0 to day 16 of induction shows the transition of the HGF secretion amount in .
- Induction of NM (A47B22.CiN), CiN cells (A47B22.CiN) from fibroblast A47B22 and (KA45.CiN), CiN cells (KA45.CiN) from fibroblast KA45 from day 0 to day 16 of induction shows changes in IL-1RN secretion levels in Phase-contrast images of fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (8 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 2-1 to 2-8 are shown. Phase-contrast images of fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (8 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 2-9 to 2-16 are shown. Fig.
- Fig. 2 shows the amount of HGF secreted in fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (8 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 2-1 to 2-8.
- Fig. 3 shows the amount of HGF secreted in fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (8 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 2-9 to 2-16.
- Fig. 2 shows IL-1RN secretion levels in fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (8 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 2-1 to 2-8.
- ND is an abbreviation for Not Detected, and indicates that it was below the detection limit of the measurement method.
- Fig. 2 shows IL-1RN secretion levels in fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (8 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 2-9 to 2-16.
- ND is an abbreviation for Not Detected, and indicates that it was below the detection limit of the measurement method.
- Fig. 3 shows the amount of HGF secreted in fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (14 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 3-1 to 3-14.
- Fig. 3 shows IL-1RN secretion levels in fibroblast KA45-derived CiN cells (14 types) (8 days after induction) cultured as Examples 3-1 to 3-14.
- ND is an abbreviation for Not Detected, and indicates that it was below the detection limit of the measurement method.
- the method for producing growth factor-producing cells according to the present invention produces growth factor-producing cells by directly inducing differentiation from somatic cells.
- a method comprising culturing somatic cells in the presence of at least one selected from the group consisting of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, and cAMP inducers.
- Cells that produce growth factors eg, HGF
- HGF growth factors
- the relevant steps in the production method of the present invention may include a step of culturing somatic cells in the presence of at least four of a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a BMP inhibitor, a p53 inhibitor, and a cAMP inducer. Furthermore, a step of culturing somatic cells in the presence of at least six of TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, BMP inhibitor, p53 inhibitor, cAMP inducer, GSK3 inhibitor, and Erk inhibitor may be employed. By culturing somatic cells in the presence of these four to six agents, cells that produce not only growth factors but also anti-inflammatory factors (eg, IL-1RN) can be produced.
- anti-inflammatory factors eg, IL-1RN
- the TGF- ⁇ inhibitor is preferably an ALK5 inhibitor
- the BMP inhibitor is preferably an ALK2/3 inhibitor.
- the ALK5 inhibitor is SB431542 (CAS No.: 301836-41-9) and/or Lepsox (CAS No.: 446859-33-2)
- the ALK2/3 inhibitor is LDN193189 (CAS No.: 1062368-24-4) and/or Dorsomorphin (CAS No.: 866405-64-3) are more preferred.
- cAMP inducer forskolin (CAS No.: 66428-89-5), GSK3 inhibitor CHIR99021 (CAS No.: 252917-06-9), Erk inhibitor PD0325901 (CAS No.: 391210-10 -9), or the p53 inhibitor is more preferably pifithrin- ⁇ (CAS No.: 63208-82-2).
- somatic cells may be cultured in the presence of a combination of at least any of the above inhibitors, inducers, etc., and if necessary, other inhibitors, inducers, etc. may be optionally present.
- the somatic cells can be cultured to produce growth factor-producing cells.
- Each of the above inhibitors and inducers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Some of the above specific inhibitors and the like may have two or more types of inhibitory actions, etc. In that case, it can be considered that a single inhibitor or the like exists.
- the production method of the present invention may not include the step of gene introduction.
- “gene” refers to a substance (molecule or its complex) that has a chemical structure containing multiple nucleobases and can be involved in the carrying, transcription, or translation of genetic information, or inhibition of these. , DNA and RNA.
- “gene transfer” includes introduction of DNA by viral vectors, etc., introduction of RNA (siRNA, miRNA, piRNA, etc.) for the purpose of RNA silencing (RNA interference, etc.), and introduction of exogenous genes into cells. general events that introduce into .
- the production method of the present invention since growth factor-producing cells can be induced without gene transfer, the possibility (risk) of unexpected genomic mutation and insertion, tumorigenesis, etc. is extremely low. can be
- Somatic Cells can be classified into somatic cells and germ cells. Any somatic cell can be used as a starting material for the production method of the present invention. Somatic cells are not particularly limited, and may be primary cells collected from living organisms or established cell lines. In the production method of the present invention, somatic cells at various stages of differentiation, such as terminally differentiated somatic cells, somatic cells on the way to terminal differentiation, or somatic cells that have been reprogrammed and have acquired pluripotency are used. can be done.
- any somatic cells such as hematopoietic cells (various lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, bone marrow cells, etc.), organ-derived cells (hepatocytes, splenocytes , pancreatic cells, kidney cells, lung cells, etc.), muscle tissue cells (skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, myoblasts, cardiomyocytes, etc.), fibroblasts, nerve cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, endothelium cells, stromal cells, adipocytes (white adipocytes, etc.), embryonic stem cells (ES cells), and the like.
- the production method of the present invention can also be applied to progenitor cells of these cells and cancer cells.
- fibroblasts can be used.
- sources of the above somatic cells include, but are not limited to, humans, mammals other than humans, and animals other than mammals (birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, etc.).
- Preferred sources of somatic cells are humans and mammals other than humans, with humans being particularly preferred.
- growth factor-producing cells are produced by the production method of the present invention for the purpose of administration to humans, it is preferable to use somatic cells collected from a donor whose histocompatibility antigen type matches or is similar to that of the recipient. can. Somatic cells collected from the recipient themselves may be subjected to production of growth factor-producing cells by the production method of the present invention.
- TGF- ⁇ (transforming growth factor- ⁇ ) includes TGF- ⁇ 1, TGF- ⁇ 2, TGF- Three types of ⁇ 3 exist and are produced by almost all cells. TGF- ⁇ is involved in a wide variety of cellular functions such as regulation of cell proliferation, transformation, differentiation, development, and apoptosis, including suppression of proliferation of many cells including epithelial cells.
- ALK5 is also called TGF- ⁇ 1 receptor.
- ALK5 is a serine/threonine kinase that forms a heterodimeric complex with type II TGF ⁇ receptors when bound to TGF ⁇ , transducing the TGF ⁇ signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm.
- the TGF- ⁇ inhibitor is preferably an ALK5 inhibitor.
- ALK5 inhibitor refers to culture conditions that can inhibit ALK5, and the means is not particularly limited, and any means that can inhibit ALK5 can be used. can.
- substances that directly act on ALK5 to inhibit its function eg, anti-ALK5 antibodies and other drugs
- drugs that suppress the production of ALK5 itself, and the like can be used.
- ALK5 can also be inhibited by inhibiting signal transduction involving ALK5 upstream thereof.
- the following compounds can be used as ALK5 inhibitors.
- SB431542 or Repsox can be used.
- ALK5 Inhibitor manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries
- Repsox manufactured by abcam
- the concentration of the ALK5 inhibitor may be determined as appropriate and is not particularly limited, but can be used, for example, in the range of 0.2 ⁇ mol/L to 20 ⁇ mol/L, preferably 0.5 ⁇ mol/L to 10 ⁇ mol/L.
- BMP Inhibitor BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein) is a growth factor belonging to the TGF- ⁇ superfamily, and controls embryonic and tissue development, cell differentiation, cell death, and the like. . BMPs bind to type I receptors and type II receptors on the cell membrane to form heterotetramers and transduce BMP signals into the nucleus via phosphorylation of the transcription factor SMAD. Most BMP inhibitors inhibit the phosphorylation of SMAD by ALK (Activin receptor-like kinase)-2,3,6, a type I receptor activated by BMP binding.
- ALK Activin receptor-like kinase
- ALK2 is an ALK family member receptor serine/threonine kinase and is located upstream in the signal transduction pathway involving SMAD proteins, particularly SMAD1/5/8. Endoglin reduces prostate cancer cell motility through activation of the ALK2-Smad1 pathway.
- the ALK2 gene is the major gene involved in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressis (FOP), a rare autosomal dominant congenital disorder characterized by progressive ectopic bone formation in muscle tissue.
- FOP fibrodysplasia ossificans progressis
- ALK3 is a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase family member.
- the ALK3 gene acts as a faint susceptibility gene in PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10) mutation-negative Cowden's disease.
- PTEN phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 mutation-negative Cowden's disease.
- ALK3 trafficking plays an important role in FOP pathogenesis and is also involved in human T cell differentiation.
- BMP inhibitor refers to culture conditions that can inhibit the BMP signaling pathway, and the means is not particularly limited, and any means that can inhibit the BMP signaling pathway. means can be used.
- substances that act directly on BMPs and BMP receptors to inhibit their functions eg, anti-BMP antibodies and other drugs
- drugs that suppress their expression can be used.
- the BMP signaling pathway can also be inhibited by inhibiting the expression of SMAD transcription factors located downstream of BMP-mediated signal transduction and their post-translational modifications.
- somatic cells are cultured in the presence of BMP inhibitors, and among BMP inhibitors, it is preferable to culture somatic cells in the presence of ALK2 ⁇ 3 inhibitors.
- ALK2 ⁇ 3 inhibitors refers to culture conditions that can inhibit both ALK2 and 3, and the means is not particularly limited, and both ALK2 and 3 can be inhibited. Any means that can be used can be used.
- the present invention utilizes substances that directly act on both ALK2 and 3 to inhibit their functions (e.g., anti-ALK2/3 antibodies and other drugs), drugs that suppress the production of ALK2 and 3 themselves, and the like. can be done. Alternatively, if both ALK2 and 3 can be inhibited, then signal transduction involving ALK2 and 3 may be inhibited upstream thereof.
- the BMP inhibitor or ALK2/3 inhibitor that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit its function, and examples include the following compounds. Preferred are LDN193189 and Dorsomorphin, which are ALK2/3 inhibitors.
- Dorsomorphin also known as AMPK Inhibitor, Compound C
- DMH1 CAS No.: 1206711-16-1
- K02288 CAS No.: 1431985-92-0
- LDN212854 CAS No.: 1432597-26-6
- LDN193189 HCl CAS No.: 1062368-62-0
- ML347 CAS No.: 1062368-49-3
- LDN214117 CAS No.: 1627503-67-6)
- the concentration of the BMP inhibitor or ALK2 ⁇ 3 inhibitor may be determined as appropriate and is not particularly limited, but for example, 0.1 ⁇ mol/L to 10 ⁇ mol/L, preferably 0.5 ⁇ mol/L to 5 ⁇ mol/L. can be used in the range of
- p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes, suppressing cell proliferation and playing an important role in cancer suppression. It also activates target genes in response to various stresses and serves as a starting point for cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair, cell senescence, and the like.
- a p53 inhibitor refers to culture conditions that can inhibit p53, and the means is not particularly limited, and any means that can inhibit p53 can be used. can.
- substances that directly act on p53 to inhibit its function eg, anti-p53 antibodies and other drugs
- drugs that suppress the production of p53 itself, and the like can be used.
- p53 can also be inhibited by inhibiting signal transduction involving p53 upstream thereof.
- the p53 inhibitor that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit its function.
- the following compounds can be used.
- pifithrin or pifithrin- ⁇ can be used.
- Pifithrin- ⁇ (CAS No.: 511296-88-1) Pifithrin- ⁇ (CAS No.: 64984-31-2) NSC66811 (CAS No.: 6964-62-1) Nultin-3 (CAS No.: 548472-68-0)
- the concentration of the p53 inhibitor may be determined as appropriate, and is not particularly limited. .
- cAMP inducer cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a substance involved in various intracellular signal transductions as a second messenger. cAMP is produced in cells by cyclization of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by adenylate cyclase.
- ATP adenosine triphosphate
- a cAMP inducer refers to culture conditions capable of inducing cAMP, and the means is not particularly limited, for example, any means capable of increasing the intracellular cAMP concentration. can be used.
- Substances that can directly act on and induce adenylate cyclase, an enzyme involved in the production of cAMP, substances that can promote the expression of adenylate cyclase, substances that inhibit phosphodiesterase, an enzyme that degrades cAMP, etc. can be used as a means of increasing intracellular cAMP concentrations. It is also possible to use dibutyryl cAMP, a structural analogue of cAMP, which has the same action as cAMP in cells.
- the cAMP inducer that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit its function. 2002-348243) and the following compounds. Forskolin can preferably be used.
- Isoproterenol (CAS No.: 7683-59-2)
- NKH477 (CAS No.: 138605-00-2)
- PACAP1-27 (CAS No.: 127317-03-7)
- PACAP1-38 (CAS No.: 137061-48-4)
- the concentration of the cAMP inducer may be determined as appropriate, and is not particularly limited. .
- GSK3 GSK3 Inhibitor GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) was found as a protein kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates glycogen synthase. In mammals, GSK3 is divided into two isoforms, 51 kDa ⁇ (GSK3 ⁇ ) and 47 kDa ⁇ (GSK3 ⁇ ). GSK3 has the activity of phosphorylating various proteins, and is involved not only in glycogen metabolism but also in physiological phenomena such as cell division and cell proliferation.
- GSK3 inhibitor refers to culture conditions that can inhibit GSK3, and the means is not particularly limited, and substances that inhibit the activity of GSK3, such as anti-GSK3 antibodies and GSK3 Means of inhibiting GSK3 signaling, such as inhibitors, are available.
- the means for promoting phosphorylation described above can also be used to inhibit GSK3 signaling.
- the GSK3 inhibitor that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit its function, and examples include the following compounds.
- CHIR99021 can be mentioned.
- BIO ((2′Z,3′E)-6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime) (CAS No.: 667463-62-9) Ken Paullone (CAS No.: 142273-20-9) A1070722 (CAS No.: 1384424-80-9) SB216763 (CAS No.: 280744-09-4) CHIR98014 (CAS No.: 556813-39-9) TWS119 (CAS No.: 601514-19-6) Tideglusib (CAS No.: 865854-05-3) SB415286 (CAS No.: 264218-23-7) Bikini (CAS No.: 188011-69-0) IM-12 (CAS No.: 1129669-05-1) 1-Azaken Paullone (CAS No.: 676596-65-9) LY2090314 (CAS No.: 603288-22-8) AZD1080 (CAS No.: 612487-72-6) AZD2858 (CAS No.: 486424-20-8) AR-
- the concentration of the GSK3 inhibitor may be determined as appropriate, and is not particularly limited. can be done.
- Erk is a subfamily of MAPKs that is activated by EGF (epidermal growth factor), serum stimulation or oxidative stress. It is divided into ERK5, ERK7 and ERK8. Binding of a ligand to a tyrosine kinase receptor such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signals flow, resulting in phosphorylation and activation of the TEY motif present in the activation loop of Erk.
- EGF epidermal growth factor receptor
- Erk inhibitor refers to culture conditions that can inhibit Erk, and the means is not particularly limited. Erk signal inhibitory means such as inhibitors can be utilized. Means for inhibiting enzymes involved in Erk activation, such as Erk kinase and Erk kinase kinase, can also be used for Erk inhibition.
- the Erk inhibitor that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit its function, but the following compounds can be mentioned, for example. PD0325901 can be mentioned preferably.
- the concentration of the Erk inhibitor may be determined as appropriate, and is not particularly limited. can be done.
- histone-associated components means substantially no histone-associated components. It shall include the case where it exists in Components involved in histones include, for example, histone deacetylase inhibitors (eg, valproic acid) and the like. Without the use of histone deacetylase inhibitors, which are said to promote reprogramming by nuclear reprogramming factors, there is a lower risk of inducing pluripotent cells that could undergo unintended differentiation.
- Cultivation of somatic cells in the production method of the present invention selects the medium, temperature, and other conditions according to the type of somatic cells used, and the various inhibitors (and, in some cases, inducers) agent or activator).
- Media can be selected from known media or commercially available media.
- common media MEM minimum essential medium
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium
- DMEM / F12 or a medium modified thereof
- appropriate components serum, proteins, amino acids, sugars, vitamins, Fatty acids, antibiotics, etc.
- growth factor-producing cells are produced from somatic cells.
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), cAMP, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, etc.
- BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- GDNF glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor
- cAMP ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, etc.
- somatic cells may be cultured in the presence of the above substances.
- the culture conditions general cell culture conditions may be selected. Conditions such as 37° C. and 5% CO 2 are exemplified. During culturing, it is preferable to replace the medium at appropriate intervals (preferably once every 1 to 7 days, more preferably once every 3 to 4 days). When the production method of the present invention is carried out using fibroblasts as a material, growth factor-producing cells appear in 4 days to 1 week under conditions of 37° C. and 5% CO 2 .
- the culture period is suitably in the range of 4 to 16 days, preferably in the range of 5 to 12 days, more preferably in the range of 7 to 9 days. .
- somatic cells that are easy to culture it is also possible to convert somatic cells that have been increased in number in advance into growth factor-producing cells. Therefore, scaled-up production of growth factor-producing cells is also easy.
- Cell culture vessels such as plates, dishes, cell culture flasks, and cell culture bags can be used for culturing somatic cells.
- a bag having gas permeability is suitable. Larger fermenters may be used when large numbers of cells are required. Cultivation can be performed in either an open system or a closed system, but when the purpose is to administer the obtained growth factor-producing cells to humans, etc., the culture is preferably performed in a closed system.
- growth factor-producing cells can be produced from somatic cells in a single step by culturing somatic cells in a medium containing the various inhibitors described above.
- a growth factor-producing cell produced by the production method of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the present cell”).
- the cells of the invention produce growth factors. Examples of the growth factors include HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), NGF (nerve growth factor), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor) and the like.
- the cells of the present invention can be cells that produce not only growth factors but also anti-inflammatory factors. Examples of such anti-inflammatory factors include IL-1RN.
- the cells of the present invention can be produced by direct induction or direct conversion from somatic cells.
- the cells of the present invention can be confirmed, for example, by morphological changes in the cells. Since growth factor-producing cells take characteristic morphologies depending on the cell type, the presence of growth factor-producing cells can be known by comparing the morphology of the cells before and after culturing. Growth factor-producing cells can also be identified by detecting molecules characteristic of growth factor-producing cells, such as enzymes, receptors, or low-molecular-weight compounds.
- Molecules characteristic of growth factor-producing cells include ⁇ 3-tubulin, synapsin I, vesicular glutamate transporter (vGULT), microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 2, ⁇ -amino Examples include, but are not limited to, butyric acid (GABA), tyrosine hydroxylase, and the like.
- a quarantine method can be used to detect the above molecules, but protein molecules may be detected by quantifying the amount of their mRNA.
- Antibodies that recognize molecules characteristic of growth factor-producing cells are also useful in isolating and purifying the cells of the present invention.
- the cells of the present invention can be used for treating diseases. Among them, it can be preferably applied to diseases whose prognosis can be improved by promotion of wound healing. For example, it is useful for treating nervous system diseases, liver diseases, and skin diseases.
- the cells of the present invention may be directly transplanted into the affected area, or, as described below, the cells of the present invention can be used to produce cell sheets or pharmaceutical compositions. It may be applied to the affected area in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
- the above nervous system diseases include spinal cord injury, cerebrovascular disorders (cerebral infarction, etc.), Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the like.
- liver diseases include fatty liver, liver failure, hepatitis, and the like.
- the above skin diseases include burns, bedsores, and the like.
- the cells of the present invention can be used more preferably in the treatment of spinal cord injuries, burns, and bedsores among the above diseases.
- the coated substrate is coated with a temperature-responsive substrate by a conventional method, and the coated substrate is It may be produced by culturing the cells of the present invention in .
- a cell culture substrate grafted with a temperature-responsive polymer is suitable.
- the material of the cell culture substratum is not particularly limited, but the cell adhesion surface can be, for example, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, or a combination of two or more of these. Among them, polystyrene is preferred.
- the temperature-responsive polymer used in the cell sheet of the present invention may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- Usable monomers include, for example, acrylamide, N-alkyl-substituted acrylamide derivatives, N,N-dialkyl-substituted acrylamide derivatives, methacrylamide, N-alkyl-substituted methacrylamide derivatives, N,N-dialkyl-substituted methacrylamide derivatives, vinyl ether derivatives. can be mentioned. In the case of copolymers, any two or more of these can be used.
- the method of coating the surface of the coated substrate with the temperature-responsive substrate is not particularly limited.
- the cell culture substrate and the monomer or polymer are subjected to electron beam irradiation (EB), electromagnetic wave irradiation ( ⁇ -ray irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation, etc.), plasma treatment, corona treatment, or organic polymerization reaction, or
- EB electron beam irradiation
- ⁇ -ray irradiation ⁇ -ray irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation, etc.
- plasma treatment corona treatment
- organic polymerization reaction or
- the substrate surface can be coated by physical adsorption such as coating or kneading.
- glass glass, modified glass, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, etc., which are usually used for cell culture, are suitable. ) can be widely used.
- the temperature of the culture substrate to which the cultured cells are attached is adjusted to the upper critical melting temperature (UCST) or higher or lower critical solution temperature (LCST) or lower. Due to the temperature change, the coating polymer changes from a hydrophobic state to a hydrophilic state, so that the cultured cells can be peeled off while the cell-cell adhesion is maintained, and the sheet-like cell tissue can be recovered. .
- UCST critical melting temperature
- LCST critical solution temperature
- the growth factor-producing cells are mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier by a conventional method to obtain a formulation suitable for administration to an individual. good.
- carriers include physiological saline, distilled water for injection made isotonic with the addition of glucose and other adjuvants (eg, D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, sodium chloride, etc.).
- buffers eg, phosphate buffer, sodium acetate buffer
- soothing agents eg, benzalkonium chloride, procaine hydrochloride, etc.
- stabilizers eg, human serum albumin, polyethylene glycol, etc.
- preservation agents eg, antioxidants and the like.
- antioxidants and the like may be added.
- the cells of the present invention can also be combined with other cells or components that are effective in exhibiting the functions of the growth factor-producing cells and improving engraftment to form a composition.
- the cells of the present invention can also be used for screening drug candidate compounds that act on growth factor-producing cells and for safety evaluation of drug candidate compounds. According to the production method of the present invention, a large number of growth factor-producing cells can be obtained in a single operation, so reproducible research results can be obtained without being affected by cell lot differences. .
- HGF Growth factors
- IL-1RN anti-inflammatory factors
- Suitable means for the extraction and isolation include conventional methods.
- a freeze-thaw method in which the suspension is rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and then thawed
- an osmotic shock method in which the cells of the present invention are suspended in a hypotonic solution such as sterilized water, and a suspension of the cells of the present invention.
- Examples include an ultrasonic treatment method in which a liquid is irradiated with high frequency waves to destroy cell membranes, a mechanical method in which the cells of the present invention are pulverized and mashed, and an enzymatic digestion method in which the cells of the present invention are treated with enzymes.
- composition of the present invention is a composition for producing growth factor-producing cells by directly inducing differentiation from somatic cells, comprising TGF- ⁇ It is characterized by containing at least one selected from the group consisting of inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, and cAMP inducers.
- the cell of the present invention can be produced.
- the composition of the invention it is possible to produce the cells of the invention by direct induction or direct conversion from somatic cells.
- the composition of the present invention may comprise a step of culturing somatic cells in the presence of at least four of a TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, a BMP inhibitor, a p53 inhibitor, and a cAMP inducer. Furthermore, at least one selected from the group consisting of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, and cAMP inducers, or the above four, may contain a GSK3 inhibitor and an Erk inhibitor.
- a GSK3 inhibitor and an Erk inhibitor By using the composition of the present invention containing the above 4 agents or 6 agents including a GSK3 inhibitor and an Erk inhibitor, not only growth factors but also anti-inflammatory factors (eg, IL-1RN) can be obtained. Producing cells of the present invention can be produced.
- the TGF- ⁇ inhibitor is preferably an ALK5 inhibitor
- the BMP inhibitor is preferably an ALK2/3 inhibitor.
- the ALK5 inhibitor is SB431542 (CAS No.: 301836-41-9) and/or Lepsox (CAS No.: 446859-33-2)
- the ALK2/3 inhibitor is LDN193189 (CAS No.: 1062368-24-4) and/or Dorsomorphin (CAS No.: 866405-64-3) are more preferred.
- cAMP inducer forskolin (CAS No.: 66428-89-5), GSK3 inhibitor CHIR99021 (CAS No.: 252917-06-9), Erk inhibitor PD0325901 (CAS No.: 391210-10 -9), or the p53 inhibitor is more preferably pifithrin- ⁇ (CAS No.: 63208-82-2).
- composition of the present invention may contain at least one of the above inhibitors, inducers, and the like, and may optionally further contain other inhibitors, inducers, and the like, if necessary.
- Each of the above inhibitors and inducers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Some of the above specific inhibitors and the like may have two or more types of inhibitory actions, etc. In that case, one can be considered to contain a plurality of inhibitors and the like.
- Specific examples and preferred examples of the above-described inhibitors and inducers are the same as those described above.
- composition of the present invention can be used as a composition for producing growth factor-producing cells from somatic cells.
- composition of the present invention can also be used as a medium for producing growth factor-producing cells from somatic cells.
- the medium used for the production of growth factor-producing cells from somatic cells is a basal medium prepared by mixing components necessary for cell culture, and an ALK5 inhibitor, a type of TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, is added as an active ingredient. and BMP inhibitors (preferably ALK2 3 inhibitors), or in addition to these, any three or more selected from a group of four consisting of cAMP inducers, GSK3 inhibitors, Erk inhibitors, and p53 inhibitors
- An example can be a medium that has been subjected to
- the above-mentioned active ingredients may be contained at concentrations effective for production of growth factor-producing cells, and the concentrations can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art.
- the basal medium can be selected from known media or commercially available media. For example, common media such as MEM (Minimum Essential Medium), DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium), DMEM/F12, or modified media thereof can be used as the basal medium.
- the medium may be further supplemented with the known medium components described above, such as serum, proteins (albumin, transferrin, growth factors, etc.), amino acids, sugars, vitamins, fatty acids, antibiotics, and the like. good.
- the medium may further include Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Glial cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF), cAMP, ascorbic acid, Substances effective for inducing differentiation into growth factor-producing cells, such as ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, may be added.
- BDNF Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
- GDNF Glial cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
- cAMP ascorbic acid
- Substances effective for inducing differentiation into growth factor-producing cells such as ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, may be added.
- ALK5 inhibitor and BMP inhibitor which are a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, or cAMP inducer, GSK3 inhibitor, Erk inhibitor in addition to these , and a p53 inhibitor, growth factor-producing cells can also be produced in vivo from somatic cells.
- ALK5 inhibitors and BMP inhibitors which are a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, or, in addition to these, cAMP inducers, GSK3 inhibitors, Erk
- a method for producing growth factor-producing cells in vivo from somatic cells comprising administering to a living body a composition containing any three or more selected from the group consisting of an inhibitor and a p53 inhibitor. be done. Preferred combinations of the inhibitors and the like to be administered to the living body are as described herein.
- Examples of living organisms include humans, mammals other than humans, and animals other than mammals (birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, etc.), with humans being particularly preferred.
- ALK5 inhibitors and BMP inhibitors preferably ALK2 3 inhibitors
- BMP inhibitors which are a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, or cAMP inducers
- GSK3 inhibitors a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, or cAMP inducers
- GSK3 inhibitors a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, or cAMP inducers
- GSK3 inhibitors a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, or cAMP inducers
- GSK3 inhibitors a kind of TGF- ⁇ inhibitors
- Erk inhibitors Erk inhibitors
- p53 inhibitors in addition to these
- Example 1 Production of growth factor-producing cells (1) Human fibroblasts Table 1 shows background information on two human fibroblasts used as materials.
- a nerve cell culture medium containing seven low-molecular-weight compounds shown in Table 2 was prepared.
- This neuronal cell culture medium is DMEM/F12 containing 1% (v/v) N2 supplement (manufactured by Lifetech) and NeurobasalMedium (manufactured by Lifetech) containing 2% (v/v) B27 supplement (manufactured by Lifetech). Co., Ltd.) was mixed at a ratio of 1:1.
- the medium of the dish of human fibroblasts cultured for 2 days was replaced with this neuronal cell medium, and culture was continued by exchanging the medium every 2 or 3 days under conditions of 37° C. and 5% CO 2 .
- Human fibroblasts cultured for 2 days were replaced with DMEM and the cells cultured in the neuron medium, and the cells cultured in the neuron medium containing 7 types of low-molecular-weight compounds were used as NM, and the cells cultured in the neuron medium containing 7 kinds of low-molecular-weight compounds were used as CiN.
- cytokine-secreting cells Culture supernatants (for 24 hours) of DMEM and NM and CiN induced for 8 days were collected, and secreted amounts of cytokines HGF and IL-1RN were measured by ELISA.
- the ELISA kit used for measurement is as follows. AuthentiKine TM Human HGF ELISA Kit (manufactured by Proteintech, Cat No# PGI-KE00168-1) Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D, Cat No#DRA00B)
- DMEM and NM and CiN induced for 8 days are shown in Fig. 1, respectively.
- the results of measurement of HGF and IL-1RN secretion levels are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. It can be seen that CiN secretes both HGF and IL-1RN.
- cytokine-secreting cells Culture supernatants (for 24 hours) of NM and CiN induced for 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 days were collected, and secreted amounts of cytokines HGF and IL-1RN were measured by ELISA.
- the ELISA kit used for measurement is as follows. AuthentiKine TM Human HGF ELISA Kit (manufactured by Proteintech, Cat No# PGI-KE00168-1) Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D, Cat No#DRA00B)
- Fig. 4 shows how NM and CiN are induced.
- 5 and 6 show the results of measuring the secretion levels of HGF and IL-1RN, respectively. It can be seen that CiN secretes both HGF and IL-1RN particularly well around day 8 or later.
- Example 2 (1) Direct induction of cytokine-secreting cells from human fibroblasts (2) Human fibroblast KA45 shown in Table 1 was seeded in a 35 mm dish or 6-well plate at 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells, and 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 ⁇ g/mL streptomycin were added to the DMEM highglucose culture medium, and 37 °C and 5% CO2 for 2 days. Each cell was cultured within the range of passage number (Passage) shown in Table 1.
- Passage passage number
- a nerve cell medium containing seven low-molecular-weight compounds shown in Table 2 or Table 3 and a nerve cell medium lacking each of these seven low-molecular-weight compounds were prepared.
- This neuronal cell culture medium is DMEM/F12 containing 1% (v/v) N2 supplement (manufactured by Lifetech) and NeurobasalMedium (manufactured by Lifetech) containing 2% (v/v) B27 supplement (manufactured by Lifetech). Co., Ltd.) was mixed at a ratio of 1:1.
- the medium of the dish of human fibroblasts cultured for 2 days was replaced with this neuronal cell medium, and culture was continued by exchanging the medium every 2 or 3 days under conditions of 37° C. and 5% CO 2 .
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the measurement results of HGF secretion
- FIGS. 11 and 12 show the measurement results of IL-1RN secretion, respectively.
- HGF is well secreted in all examples, but all examples that well secrete IL-1RN are TGF- ⁇ inhibitors, BMP inhibitors, p53 inhibitors, and at least four cAMP inducers. This was the case of induction using seeds.
- Example 3 (1) Direct induction of cytokine-secreting cells from human fibroblasts (3) Human fibroblast KA45 shown in Table 1 was seeded in a 35 mm dish or 6-well plate at 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells, and 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 ⁇ g/mL streptomycin were added to the DMEM highglucose culture medium, and 37 °C and 5% CO2 for 2 days. Each cell was cultured within the range of passage number (Passage) shown in Table 1. A nerve cell medium containing the seven low-molecular-weight compounds shown in Table 2 and a nerve cell medium lacking multiple of these seven low-molecular-weight compounds were prepared. Table 6 shows the combinations of low-molecular-weight compounds used.
- Passage passage number
- This neuronal cell culture medium is DMEM/F12 containing 1% (v/v) N2 supplement (manufactured by Lifetech) and NeurobasalMedium (manufactured by Lifetech) containing 2% (v/v) B27 supplement (manufactured by Lifetech). Co., Ltd.) was mixed at a ratio of 1:1.
- the medium of the dish of human fibroblasts cultured for 2 days was replaced with this neuronal cell medium, and culture was continued by exchanging the medium every 2 or 3 days under conditions of 37° C. and 5% CO 2 .
- Example 3-1 to 3-14 For each cell induced for 8 days (Examples 3-1 to 3-14), the measurement results of HGF secretion are shown in FIG. 13, and the measurement results of IL-1RN secretion are shown in FIG. All examples secreted HGF, but all examples that also secreted IL-1RN used at least four of TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, BMP inhibitor, p53 inhibitor, and cAMP inducer. was induced by Both HGF and IL-1RN were well secreted when TGF- ⁇ inhibitor, BMP inhibitor, p53 inhibitor, cAMP inducer, GSK3 inhibitor and Erk inhibitor were used.
- cells producing growth factors can be obtained from somatic cells (especially terminally differentiated somatic cells or fibroblasts) for a short period of time.
- somatic cells especially terminally differentiated somatic cells or fibroblasts
- the cells according to the present invention are useful in medical treatments related to regeneration of spinal cord injuries, burns, pressure ulcers, etc. and promotion of wound healing.
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2022年3月1日に日本国特許庁に出願された日本国出願番号第2022-30908号の利益を主張するものである。当該日本国出願は、その出願書類(明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面、要約書)の全体が本明細書に明示されているかのように全ての目的で参照により本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、主としていわゆる低分子化合物(例えば、分子量が1000以下の化合物)により体細胞から増殖因子産生細胞を製造する方法、及びかかる製造方法によって製造される増殖因子産生細胞に関するものである。本発明はさらに、当該増殖因子産生細胞から増殖因子を製造する方法、及び当該増殖因子産生細胞を製造する方法のために使用することができる組成物に関するものである。
本発明は、遺伝子導入を必要とせず、体細胞から増殖因子産生細胞を安全かつ速やかに誘導又は転換する新たな方法を提供することを主な課題とする。また本発明は、再生医療等において有用な増殖因子産生細胞を提供することも課題とする。
[1]体細胞から直接分化誘導することにより増殖因子産生細胞を製造する方法であって、TGF-β阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤からなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程を含むことを特徴とする、増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[2]前記工程が、少なくともTGF-β阻害剤、BMP阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤の4種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程である、上記[1]に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[3]前記工程が、少なくともTGF-β阻害剤、BMP阻害剤、p53阻害剤、cAMP誘導剤、GSK3阻害剤、及びErk阻害剤の6種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[4]前記TGF-β阻害剤がALK5阻害剤であり、前記BMP阻害剤がALK2・3阻害剤である、上記[2]又は[3]に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[5]前記ALK5阻害剤がSB431542(CAS No.:301836-41-9)若しくはレプソックス(CAS No.:446859-33-2)であるか、前記ALK2・3阻害剤がLDN193189(CAS No.:1062368-24-4)であるか、前記p53阻害剤がピフィスリン-α(CAS No.:63208-82-2)であるか、又は前記cAMP誘導剤がフォルスコリン(CAS No.:66428-89-5)である、上記[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[6]前記GSK3阻害剤がCHIR99021(CAS No.:252917-06-9)であるか、又は前記Erk阻害剤がPD0325901(CAS No.:391210-10-9)である、上記[3]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[7]前記体細胞が終分化した体細胞である、上記[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[8]前記体細胞が線維芽細胞である、上記[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
[10]増殖因子及び抗炎症因子を産生する、上記[9]に記載の増殖因子産生細胞。
[11]前記増殖因子がHGFであり、前記抗炎症因子がIL-1RN(Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist:インターロイキン-1受容体アンタゴニスト)である、上記[10]に記載の増殖因子産生細胞。
[12]上記[9]~[11]のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞を含み、疾患の治療のために用いられる、細胞シート又は医薬組成物。
[13]前記疾患が、脊髄損傷、熱傷、又は褥瘡である、上記[12]に記載の細胞シート又は医薬組成物。
[15]上記[10]若しくは[11]に記載の増殖因子産生細胞又はその分泌物から増殖因子又は抗炎症因子を抽出単離する工程を含む、増殖因子又は抗炎症因子の製造方法。
[17]少なくともTGF-β阻害剤、BMP阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤の4種を含む、上記[16]に記載の組成物。
[18]さらに、GSK3阻害剤及びErk阻害剤を含む、上記[17]に記載の組成物。
[19]前記TGF-β阻害剤がALK5阻害剤であり、前記BMP阻害剤がALK2・3阻害剤である、上記[17]又は[18]に記載の組成物。
[20]前記ALK5阻害剤がSB431542(CAS No.:301836-41-9)若しくはレプソックス(CAS No.:446859-33-2)であるか、前記ALK2・3阻害剤がLDN193189(CAS No.:1062368-24-4)であるか、前記p53阻害剤がピフィスリン-α(CAS No.:63208-82-2)であり、又は前記cAMP誘導剤がフォルスコリン(CAS No.:66428-89-5)である、上記[16]~[19]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
[21]前記GSK3阻害剤がCHIR99021(CAS No.:252917-06-9)であるか、又は前記Erk阻害剤がPD0325901(CAS No.:391210-10-9)である、上記[18]~[20]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
本発明に係る、増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法(以下、「本発明製造方法」という。)は、体細胞から直接分化誘導することにより増殖因子産生細胞を製造する方法であって、TGF-β阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤からなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程を含むことを特徴とする。本発明製造方法により、増殖因子(例えば、HGF。)を産生する細胞を製造することができる。
上記阻害剤や誘導剤は、それぞれにおいて、1種を用いても2種以上を併用してもよい。
具体的な上記阻害剤等においては、2種類以上の阻害作用等を有するものもあり得るが、その場合、一つで複数の阻害剤等が存在しているとみなすことができる。
生物の細胞は、体細胞と生殖細胞とに分類できる。本発明製造方法には、その出発材料として任意の体細胞を使用することができる。体細胞には特に限定はなく、生体から採取された初代細胞、又は株化された細胞の何れでもよい。本発明製造方法では、分化の種々の段階にある体細胞、例えば、終分化した体細胞、終分化への途上にある体細胞、又は初期化され多能性を獲得した体細胞を使用することができる。本発明製造方法に使用できる体細胞としては、任意の体細胞、例えば、造血系の細胞(各種のリンパ球、マクロファージ、樹状細胞、骨髄細胞等)、臓器由来の細胞(肝細胞、脾細胞、膵細胞、腎細胞、肺細胞等)、筋組織系の細胞(骨格筋細胞、平滑筋細胞、筋芽細胞、心筋細胞等)、線維芽細胞、神経細胞、骨芽細胞、軟骨細胞、内皮細胞、間質細胞、脂肪細胞(白色脂肪細胞等)、胚性幹細胞(ES細胞)等が挙げられる。また、これらの細胞の前駆細胞、癌細胞にも本発明製造方法を適用できる。好ましくは、線維芽細胞を使用することができる。
1.2.1 TGF-β阻害剤
TGF-β(transforming growth factor-β、形質転換増殖因子β)には、TGF-β1、TGF-β2、TGF-β3の3種類が存在し、ほぼ全ての細胞から生産されている。TGF-βは、上皮細胞をはじめ、多くの細胞の増殖を抑制するなど細胞増殖、形質転換、分化、発生、アポトーシスの制御等の多種多様な細胞機能に関与している。
D4476(和光純薬工業製)(CAS No.:301836-43-1)
LY364947(和光純薬工業製)(CAS No.:396129-53-6)
SB525334(和光純薬工業製)(CAS No.:356559-20-1)
SD208(和光純薬工業製)(CAS No.:627536-09-8)
BMP(Bone Morphogenetic Protein、骨形成タンパク質)は、TGF-βスーパーファミリーに属する成長因子であり、胚や組織の発生、細胞の分化、細胞死などを制御している。BMPは細胞膜上のI型受容体とII型受容体に結合してヘテロ四量体を形成し、転写因子SMADのリン酸化を経て核内にBMPシグナルを伝達する。BMP阻害剤の多くは、BMPの結合によって活性化されたI型受容体であるALK(Activin receptor-like kinase)-2,3,6によるSMADのリン酸化を阻害する。
「ALK2・3阻害剤の存在下」とは、ALK2及び3の両方を阻害することができる培養条件下であることをいい、その手段は特に限定はなく、ALK2及び3の両方を阻害することができる任意の手段を利用することができる。本発明には、ALK2及び3の両方に直接作用してその機能を阻害する物質(例えば、抗ALK2・3抗体やその他の薬剤)、ALK2及び3自体の産生を抑制する薬剤等を利用することができる。また、ALK2及び3の両方を阻害することができるのであれば、ALK2及び3が関わるシグナル伝達をその上流で阻害することによってもよい。
Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride(CAS No.:1219168-18-9)
DMH1(CAS No.:1206711-16-1)
K02288(CAS No.:1431985-92-0)
LDN212854(CAS No.:1432597-26-6)
LDN193189 HCl(CAS No.:1062368-62-0)
ML347(CAS No.:1062368-49-3)
LDN214117(CAS No.:1627503-67-6)
p53は、最も重要な癌抑制遺伝子の一つであり、細胞増殖を抑制し、がんの抑制に重要な役割を担っている。また種々のストレスに応答して標的遺伝子を活性化し、細胞周期の停止、アポトーシス、DNA修復、細胞老化などに対する起点となっている。
ピフィスリン-μ(CAS No.:64984-31-2)
NSC66811(CAS No.:6964-62-1)
Nultin-3(CAS No.:548472-68-0)
cAMP(環状アデノシン1リン酸)は、セカンドメッセンジャーとして種々の細胞内シグナル伝達に関わっている物質である。cAMPは、細胞内ではアデニル酸シクラーゼ(adenylate cyclase)によりアデノシン3リン酸(ATP)が環状化されることで生成する。
NKH477(CAS No.:138605-00-2)
PACAP1-27(CAS No.:127317-03-7)
PACAP1-38(CAS No.:137061-48-4)
GSK3(glycogen synthase kinase-3、グリコーゲン合成酵素キナーゼ3)は、グリコーゲン合成酵素をリン酸化して不活性化するプロテインキナーゼとして見いだされた。哺乳類では、GSK3は51kDaのα(GSK3α)と47kDaのβ(GSK3β)の二つのアイソフォームに分類される。GSK3は種々のタンパク質をリン酸化する活性を有しており、グリコーゲン代謝のみならず、細胞分裂、細胞増殖等の生理現象にも関わっている。
Kenpaullone(CAS No.:142273-20-9)
A1070722(CAS No.:1384424-80-9)
SB216763(CAS No.:280744-09-4)
CHIR98014(CAS No.:556813-39-9)
TWS119(CAS No.:601514-19-6)
Tideglusib(CAS No.:865854-05-3)
SB415286(CAS No.:264218-23-7)
Bikinin(CAS No.:188011-69-0)
IM-12(CAS No.:1129669-05-1)
1-Azakenpaullone(CAS No.:676596-65-9)
LY2090314(CAS No.:603288-22-8)
AZD1080(CAS No.:612487-72-6)
AZD2858(CAS No.:486424-20-8)
AR-A014418(CAS No.:487021-52-3)
TDZD-8(CAS No.:327036-89-5)
Indirubin(CAS No.:479-41-4)
Erkは、EGF(上皮増殖因子)、血清刺激又は酸化ストレスなどによって活性化されるMAPKのサブファミリーで、Erkはその関わるシグナル伝達経路の違いからERK1/2、ERK5、ERK7、ERK8に分けられる。上皮増殖因子受容体(EGFR)などのチロシンキナーゼ受容体にリガンドが結合することでシグナルが流れた結果、Erkの活性化ループに存在するTEYモチーフがリン酸化されて活性化する。
Aminopurvalanol A(CAS No.:220792-57-4)
AS703026(CAS No.:1236699-92-5)
AZD8330(CAS No.:869357-68-6)
BIX02188(CAS No.:334949-59-6)
BIXO2189(CAS No.:1265916-41-3)
CI-1040(CAS No.:212631-79-3)
Cobimetirlib(CAS No.:934660-93-2)
GDC-0623(CAS No.:1168091-68-6)
MEk162(CAS No.:606143-89-9)
PD318088(CAS No.:391210-00-7)
PD98059(CAS No.:167869-21-8)
Refametinib(CAS No.:923032-37-5)
RO4987655(CAS No.:874101-00-5)
SCH772984(CAS No.:942183-80-4)
Selumetinib(CAS No.:606143-52-6)
SL327(CAS No.:305350-87-2)
Trametinib(CAS No.:871700-17-3)
ARRY-142886(CAS No.:606143-52-6)
XL518(CAS No.:934660-93-2)
RDEA119(CAS No.:923032-38-6)
本発明においては特に限定されないが、製造工程において、ヒストンに関与する成分の非存在下で体細胞を培養することが好ましい。ヒストンに関与する成分の非存在下とは、ヒストンに関与する成分が実質的に存在しないことを意味し、ヒストンに関与する成分が全く存在しない場合だけでなく、ヒストンに関与する成分が痕跡量で存在する場合を包含するものとする。ヒストンに関与する成分としては、例えば、ヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤(例、バルプロン酸)等を挙げることができる。核初期化因子によるリプログラミングを促進すると言われるヒストン脱アセチル化酵素阻害剤を使用しない場合には、意図しない分化を起こしかねない多能性細胞が誘導されるリスクはより低くなる。
本発明製造方法における体細胞の培養は、使用する体細胞の種類に応じた培地、温度、その他の条件を選択し、上記の各種の阻害剤(及び、場合により誘導剤ないし活性化剤)の存在下において実施すればよい。培地は、公知の培地又は市販の培地から選択することができる。例えば、一般的な培地であるMEM(最少必須培地)、DMEM(ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地)、DMEM/F12、又はこれらを改変した培地に、適切な成分(血清、タンパク質、アミノ酸、糖類、ビタミン類、脂肪酸類、抗生物質等)を添加して使用することができる。
本発明製造方法においては、上記した各種の阻害剤等を含む培地において体細胞を培養することにより、一段階の培養によって体細胞から増殖因子産生細胞を製造することができる。
上記した本発明製造方法により、増殖因子産生細胞を含有する細胞集団を得ることができる。本発明製造方法により製造される増殖因子産生細胞も本発明の範囲内である(以下、「本発明細胞」という。)。本発明細胞は増殖因子を産生する。当該増殖因子として例えば、HGF(肝細胞増殖因子)、NGF(神経成長因子)、VEGF(血管内皮細胞増殖因子)、EGF(上皮成長因子)等を挙げることができる。本発明細胞は、増殖因子のみならず抗炎症因子をも産生する細胞とすることができる。当該抗炎症因子として、例えば、IL-1RNを挙げることができる。上記の本発明製造方法を用いることにより、本発明細胞は、体細胞からの直接誘導又は直接転換により製造することが可能である。
本発明細胞は、さらに増殖因子産生細胞の機能発揮や生着性向上に有効な他の細胞や成分と組み合わせた組成物とすることもできる。
本発明に係る組成物(以下、「本発明組成物」という。)は、体細胞から直接分化誘導することにより増殖因子産生細胞を製造するための組成物であって、TGF-β阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤からなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1種を含むことを特徴とする。本発明組成物を用いることにより、本発明細胞を製造することができる。本発明組成物を用いることにより、体細胞からの直接誘導又は直接転換により本発明細胞を製造することが可能となる。
上記阻害剤や誘導剤は、それぞれにおいて、1種を用いても2種以上を併用してもよい。
具体的な上記阻害剤等においては、2種類以上の阻害作用等を有するものもあり得るが、その場合、一つで複数の阻害剤等を含んでいるとみなすことができる。
上記した阻害剤や誘導剤等の具体例や好ましい例などは、前記と同義である。
表1に示したヒト繊維芽細胞を、それぞれ35mmディッシュ又は6ウェルプレートに1×105個ずつ播種し、10%FBS、100U/mL ペニシリン、100μg/mL ストレプトマイシンを添加したDMEMhighglucose培養液で、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で2日間インキュベートした。各細胞は表1に記載の継代数(Passage)の範囲で培養に供した。
2日間培養したヒト線維芽細胞をDMEM、神経細胞培地に置換し培養した細胞をNM、低分子化合物7種を含む神経細胞培地に置換し培養した細胞をCiNとした。
DMEM及び8日間誘導したNM、CiNの培養上清(24時間分)を回収し、ELISA法にてサイトカインであるHGF及びIL-1RNの分泌量を測定した。測定に使用したELISAキットは次の通りである。
AuthentiKineTM Human HGF ELISA Kit(Proteintech社製、Cat No# PGI-KE00168-1)
Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 Quantikine ELISA Kit(R&D、Cat No#DRA00B)
0、4、8、12、16日間誘導したNM、CiNの培養上清(24時間分)を回収し、ELISA法にてサイトカインであるHGF及びIL-1RNの分泌量を測定した。測定に使用したELISAキットは次の通りである。
AuthentiKineTM Human HGF ELISA Kit(Proteintech社製、Cat No# PGI-KE00168-1)
Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 Quantikine ELISA Kit(R&D、Cat No#DRA00B)
(1)ヒト線維芽細胞からのサイトカイン分泌細胞直接誘導(2)
表1に示したヒト繊維芽細胞KA45を、35mmディッシュ又は6ウェルプレートに1×105個ずつ播種し、10%FBS、100U/mLペニシリン、100μg/mLストレプトマイシンを添加したDMEMhighglucose培養液で、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で2日間インキュベートした。各細胞は表1に記載の継代数(Passage)の範囲で培養に供した。
8日間誘導した細胞の培養上清(24時間分)を回収し、ELISA法にてサイトカインであるHGF及びIL-1RNの分泌量を測定した。測定に使用したELISAキットは次の通りである。
AuthentiKineTM Human HGF ELISA Kit(Proteintech社製、Cat No# PGI-KE00168-1)
Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 Quantikine ELISA Kit(R&D、Cat No#DRA00B)
(1)ヒト線維芽細胞からのサイトカイン分泌細胞直接誘導(3)
表1に示したヒト繊維芽細胞KA45を、35mmディッシュ又は6ウェルプレートに1×105個ずつ播種し、10%FBS、100U/mLペニシリン、100μg/mLストレプトマイシンを添加したDMEMhighglucose培養液で、37℃、5%CO2の条件下で2日間インキュベートした。各細胞は表1に記載の継代数(Passage)の範囲で培養に供した。表2に示した低分子化合物7種を含む神経細胞培地、ならびにこれら7種類の低分子化合物を複数欠いた神経細胞培地を調製した。用いた低分子化合物の組み合わせを表6に示す。
8日間誘導した細胞の培養上清(24時間分)を回収し、ELISA法にてサイトカインであるHGF及びIL-1RNの分泌量を測定した。測定に使用したELISAキットは次の通りである。
AuthentiKineTM Human HGF ELISA Kit(Proteintech社製、Cat No# PGI-KE00168-1)
Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 Quantikine ELISA Kit(R&D、Cat No#DRA00B)
Claims (21)
- 体細胞から直接分化誘導することにより増殖因子産生細胞を製造する方法であって、TGF-β阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤からなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程を含むことを特徴とする、増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記工程が、少なくともTGF-β阻害剤、BMP阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤の4種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程である、請求項1に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記工程が、少なくともTGF-β阻害剤、BMP阻害剤、p53阻害剤、cAMP誘導剤、GSK3阻害剤、及びErk阻害剤の6種の存在下で体細胞を培養する工程である、請求項1又は2に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記TGF-β阻害剤がALK5阻害剤であり、前記BMP阻害剤がALK2・3阻害剤である、請求項2又は3に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記ALK5阻害剤がSB431542(CAS No.:301836-41-9)若しくはレプソックス(CAS No.:446859-33-2)であるか、前記ALK2・3阻害剤がLDN193189(CAS No.:1062368-24-4)であるか、前記p53阻害剤がピフィスリン-α(CAS No.:63208-82-2)であるか、又は前記cAMP誘導剤がフォルスコリン(CAS No.:66428-89-5)である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記GSK3阻害剤がCHIR99021(CAS No.:252917-06-9)であるか、又は前記Erk阻害剤がPD0325901(CAS No.:391210-10-9)である、請求項3~5のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記体細胞が終分化した体細胞である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 前記体細胞が線維芽細胞である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞の製造方法から製造される、増殖因子産生細胞。
- 増殖因子及び抗炎症因子を産生する、請求項9に記載の増殖因子産生細胞。
- 前記増殖因子がHGFであり、前記抗炎症因子がIL-1RNである、請求項10に記載の増殖因子産生細胞。
- 請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の増殖因子産生細胞を含み、疾患の治療のために用いられる、細胞シート又は医薬組成物。
- 前記疾患が、脊髄損傷、熱傷、又は褥瘡である、請求項12に記載の細胞シート又は医薬組成物。
- 請求項9に記載の増殖因子産生細胞又はその分泌物から増殖因子を抽出単離する工程を含む、増殖因子の製造方法。
- 請求項10若しくは11に記載の増殖因子産生細胞又はその分泌物から増殖因子又は抗炎症因子を抽出単離する工程を含む、増殖因子又は抗炎症因子の製造方法。
- 体細胞から直接分化誘導することにより増殖因子産生細胞を製造するための組成物であって、TGF-β阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤からなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1種を含むことを特徴とする、増殖因子産生細胞を製造するための組成物。
- 少なくともTGF-β阻害剤、BMP阻害剤、p53阻害剤、及びcAMP誘導剤の4種を含む、請求項16に記載の組成物。
- さらに、GSK3阻害剤及びErk阻害剤を含む、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 前記TGF-β阻害剤がALK5阻害剤であり、前記BMP阻害剤がALK2・3阻害剤である、請求項17又は18に記載の組成物。
- 前記ALK5阻害剤がSB431542(CAS No.:301836-41-9)若しくはレプソックス(CAS No.:446859-33-2)であるか、前記ALK2・3阻害剤がLDN193189(CAS No.:1062368-24-4)であるか、前記p53阻害剤がピフィスリン-α(CAS No.:63208-82-2)であるか、又は前記cAMP誘導剤がフォルスコリン(CAS No.:66428-89-5)である、請求項16~19のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記GSK3阻害剤がCHIR99021(CAS No.:252917-06-9)であるか、又は前記Erk阻害剤がPD0325901(CAS No.:391210-10-9)である、請求項18~20のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
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| JP2002348243A (ja) | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-04 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 関節症治療用注入剤 |
| WO2008105507A1 (ja) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Keio University | 脊髄損傷治療薬剤 |
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| WO2020013090A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-16 | 株式会社片岡製作所 | 神経様細胞の製造方法 |
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| JP2002348243A (ja) | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-04 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 関節症治療用注入剤 |
| WO2008105507A1 (ja) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Keio University | 脊髄損傷治療薬剤 |
| WO2016117510A1 (ja) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-07-28 | タカラバイオ株式会社 | 神経系細胞の製造方法 |
| JP2019129733A (ja) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-08 | 株式会社片岡製作所 | 肝細胞の製造方法 |
| WO2020013090A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-16 | 株式会社片岡製作所 | 神経様細胞の製造方法 |
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| US20250136941A1 (en) | 2025-05-01 |
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