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WO2023160381A1 - Procédé et appareil de communication - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160381A1
WO2023160381A1 PCT/CN2023/074799 CN2023074799W WO2023160381A1 WO 2023160381 A1 WO2023160381 A1 WO 2023160381A1 CN 2023074799 W CN2023074799 W CN 2023074799W WO 2023160381 A1 WO2023160381 A1 WO 2023160381A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
satellite
backhaul link
constellation
delay
information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/074799
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李光磊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210316830.XA external-priority patent/CN116684919A/zh
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2023160381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160381A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the communication field, and, more specifically, relate to a communication method and device.
  • the application scenarios of the fusion technology of satellite communication and 5G communication system include: the satellite link is used as the satellite backhaul link, and the access network equipment communicates with the core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link communication.
  • the satellite link is used as the satellite backhaul link
  • the access network equipment communicates with the core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link communication.
  • the time delay of the satellite backhaul link can be reflected by the satellite orbit type.
  • the delay of the satellite backhaul link may change, so how to determine whether the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which enables the second device to know the change in the satellite backhaul link time delay in time by reporting the change in the satellite backhaul link time delay.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method may be executed by a first device, or may also be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the first device. This is not limited. For the convenience of description, the following is referred to as The execution by the first device is taken as an example for description.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link, and specifically includes: the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to satellite operation and control information; the first The device sends a notification message to the second device.
  • the notification message is used to notify the satellite of a change in the backhaul link delay.
  • the satellite operation and control information includes: the coverage position of the satellite at different times, the constellation topology and the ephemeris of the satellite Information, at least one of information indicating the time when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, wherein the first device includes the access network device, mobility management network element or session management network element, and the second device Including policy control network element or application function network element.
  • the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, it can notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed through the first notification message, so as to prevent the second device from passing
  • the satellite orbit type (the satellite orbit type of the satellite corresponding to the satellite backhaul link generally does not change) determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link cannot reflect the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, so that the second device can timely It is learned that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information, including: If the constellation type corresponding to the link includes a low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation or a medium-orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, the first setting The device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information.
  • the satellite return link delay may vary depending on whether the constellation supports feedback.
  • the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link is determined to include the low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation or the medium-orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, when further determining the satellite backhaul link The accuracy of delay changes is higher.
  • the method before the first device sends a notification message to the second device, the method further includes: the first device receives a request message from the second device, the The request message is used to request to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device sends a notification message to the second device to report that the satellite backhaul link delay has changed, which may be because the second device receives a request message requesting to determine the satellite backhaul link delay change.
  • the report can be based on the request of the second device, and the report can be avoided when the second device does not need to know the change of the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method further includes: the first device sends constellation information to the second device, and the constellation information is used by the second device to determine whether to send the request message,
  • the constellation information includes information indicating the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link
  • the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link includes at least one of the following constellations: low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation, medium-orbit Satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, LEO inclined orbit constellation, or MEO inclined orbit constellation.
  • the first device can send constellation information to the second device, and the constellation information is used by the second device to judge whether it is necessary to send a request message to the first device requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, so as to avoid When the time delay of the backhaul link is unlikely to change, sending the request message will bring unnecessary signaling overhead.
  • the method further includes: the first device receives a session management request, where the session management request is used to request establishment or modification of a session, and the session is through the satellite backhaul link A session for channel transmission; the first device sends the constellation information to the second device.
  • the first device in a process of establishing or modifying a session, the first device sends constellation information. Report in the existing process to increase the compatibility of the scheme.
  • receiving the session management request by the access network device includes: the access network device receiving a session management request from the terminal device The session management request.
  • the access network device sending the constellation information includes: the access network device sending the constellation information to a policy control network element and/or an application network element through the mobility management network element and the session management network element.
  • the mobility management network element receiving the session management request includes: the mobility management network element receiving the request from The session management request of the access network device.
  • the mobility management network element sending the constellation information includes: the mobility management network element sending the constellation information to a policy control network element and/or an application network element through a session management network element.
  • the constellation information further includes at least one of the following information: information indicating whether the satellite constellation supports inter-satellite links, information indicating that the satellite constellation Whether to support the same-orbit inter-satellite link information, used to indicate whether the satellite constellation supports different-orbit inter-satellite links;
  • the constellation information further includes information indicating whether the satellite constellation supports reverse slot links.
  • the above-mentioned constellation information also includes satellite capability information, which is more helpful for judging the performance of the satellite backhaul link. Whether the delay has changed.
  • the LEO polar orbit constellation does not support the reverse slot link, and the delay of the satellite return link when the reverse slot passes will increase compared with that when the reverse slot does not pass.
  • the method further includes: the first device estimates the satellite backhaul link delay according to the satellite operation and control information; the notification message includes the satellite backhaul link
  • the time delay of the satellite backhaul link includes the time delay when the session management request is received, and/or the time delay when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the first device can also estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link, and report the estimated delay of the satellite backhaul link to the application network element or the policy control network element, so that the application network element or the policy control network The unit can know the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, including: the first device determines the satellite return link delay according to the satellite operation and control information.
  • the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link changes, at least one of reverse seam departure, and reverse seam transit; the notification message includes information indicating that the forwarding path changes, information indicating that the reverse seam departs , at least one of information indicating the reverse seam transit, information indicating the reverse seam departure duration, or information indicating the reverse seam transit duration.
  • the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link may be the change of the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link, the departure of the reverse seam, or the transit of the reverse seam, and the notification message may be used to notify that the satellite backhaul link is Forward path changes, reverse seam departures, or reverse seam transits.
  • the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, including: the first device determines the satellite return link delay according to the satellite operation and control information. The time when the satellite backhaul link delay changes; the first device determines the duration of the timer according to the time; the first device sends a notification message, including: when the timer expires, the first device sends a notification message.
  • the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes may be to determine the moment when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and determines the duration of the timer according to the moment, and sends a notification message when the timer expires Notify the satellite that the backhaul link delay has changed.
  • the first device determining that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: the first device according to the access network device and The satellite operation and control information between the core network devices determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • a communication method is provided, and the method may be executed by the second device, or may also be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the second device, which is not limited.
  • a component such as a chip or a circuit
  • the execution by the second device is taken as an example for description.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link, and specifically includes: the second device receives a notification message from the first device, and the notification message is used to notify the satellite backhaul link If the path delay changes, the second device determines an execution strategy according to the change in the satellite backhaul link delay, wherein the first device includes the access network device, mobility management network element or session management network element, and the The second device includes a policy control network element or an application function network element.
  • the method further includes: the second device sends a request message to the first device, and the request message is used to request to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link .
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the second device, the Constellation information of the first device; the second device determines to send the request message according to the constellation information, wherein the constellation information includes information indicating the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link, and the satellite backhaul link
  • the constellation information includes information indicating the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link, and the satellite backhaul link
  • the constellation type corresponding to the road includes at least one of the following constellations: low orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation, medium orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, LEO inclined orbit constellation, or MEO inclined orbit constellation.
  • the constellation information further includes at least one of the following information: information indicating whether the satellite constellation supports inter-satellite links, information indicating that the satellite constellation Information about whether to support inter-satellite links in the same orbit, and information indicating whether the satellite constellation supports inter-satellite links in different orbits; when the constellation type is LEO polar orbit constellation and/or MEO polar orbit constellation, the constellation The information also includes information indicating whether the satellite constellation supports backslot links.
  • the notification message includes the satellite backhaul link delay
  • the satellite backhaul link delay includes the time when the first device receives the session management request. delay, and/or, the delay when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • a communication method is provided, and the method may be executed by an access network device, or may also be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the first device, which is not limited.
  • a component such as a chip or a circuit
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link, and specifically includes: the access network device receives a request message, and the request message is used to request to determine the satellite backhaul The link delay changes; the access network device determines that the satellite backhaul link delay changes according to the satellite operation and control information; the access network device sends a delay measurement request to the user plane network element, and the time delay The delay measurement request is used to request to measure the delay of the satellite backhaul link, wherein the satellite operation and control information includes the coverage position and/or constellation topology of the satellite at different times.
  • the access network device can request the user plane network element to calculate the delay of the backhaul link through the delay measurement request message after judging that the delay of the backhaul link needs to be calculated, which simplifies the time delay of the access network device. operation.
  • the access network device determining that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: the access network device The operation and control information determines that the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link changes, the reverse seam departs, and the reverse seam passes.
  • the access network device determining that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: the access network device The operation control information determines the moment when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes; the access network device determines the duration of the timer according to the time; the access network device sends a delay measurement request to the user plane network element , comprising: when the timer expires, the access network device sends a delay measurement request to a user plane network element.
  • the determining, by the access network device, that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: the access network device, according to the determined It is determined that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information between the access network device and the core network device.
  • a communication method is provided, and the method may be executed by the first device, or may also be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the first device, which is not limited.
  • a component such as a chip or a circuit
  • the execution by the first device is taken as an example for description.
  • This communication method is applied to a system in which access network equipment communicates with core network equipment through a satellite backhaul link, specifically including Including: the first device receives a request message, and the request message is used to request to determine the change of the delay of the satellite backhaul link; the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information or, when the first device is the mobility management network element, the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the configuration information; the first device sends a notification message , the notification message is used to notify that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, wherein the first device includes the access network device, a mobility management network element, or a session management network element, and the satellite operation
  • the control information includes: at least one item of coverage positions of the satellites at different times, constellation topology and ephemeris information of the satellites.
  • the first device can determine whether the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed based on the received request message, and report the change to the application network element or policy control through a notification message when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes
  • the network element enables the application network element or the policy control network element to know that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed.
  • receiving the request message by the access network device includes: the access network device passes the The mobility management network element and the session management network element receive the request message from the policy control network element and/or the application network element.
  • the access network device sending the notification message includes: the access network device sending the notification message to a policy control network element and/or an application network element through the mobility management network element and the session management network element.
  • the mobility management network element receiving the request message includes: the mobility management network element
  • the element receives the request message from the policy control network element and/or the application network element through the session management network element.
  • the sending the notification message by the mobility management network element includes: the mobility management network element sends the notification message to a policy control network element and/or an application network element through a session management network element.
  • the method further includes: the first device estimating the satellite backhaul link delay according to the satellite operation and control information, and the notification message Including the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device may also estimate the satellite backhaul link time delay (for example, the second time delay), and pass the estimated satellite backhaul link time delay through The notification message is reported to the application network element or the policy control network element, so that the application network element or the policy control network element can know that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and know the approximate delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the satellite backhaul link time delay for example, the second time delay
  • the determining by the first device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: The information determines that the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link changes, the departure of the reverse seam, and the transit of the reverse seam; the notification message includes information indicating that the forwarding path changes, information indicating the departure of the reverse seam, At least one of the information indicating the reverse seam transit, the information indicating the reverse seam departure duration, or the information indicating the reverse seam transit duration.
  • the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link may be the change of the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link, the departure of the reverse seam, or the transit of the reverse seam, and the notification message may be used to notify that the satellite backhaul link is Forward path changes, reverse seam departures, or reverse seam transits.
  • the determining by the first device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: The information determines the time when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes; the first device determines the duration of the timer according to the time; the first device sends a notification message, including: when the timer expires, The first device sends a notification message.
  • the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes may be to determine the moment when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and determines the duration of the timer according to the moment, and sends a notification message when the timer expires Notify the satellite that the backhaul link delay has changed.
  • the determining by the first device that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information includes: the first device The satellite operation and control information between the network access device and the core network device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • a communication method is provided, and the method may be executed by the first device, or may also be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) of the first device, which is not limited.
  • a component such as a chip or a circuit
  • the execution by the first device is taken as an example for description.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link, and specifically includes: the first device receives a session management request, and the session management request is used to request establishment or modification of a session, and the The session is a session transmitted through the satellite backhaul link; the first device estimates the satellite backhaul link delay according to the satellite operation and control information, and the first device sends the satellite backhaul link delay , wherein the first device includes the access network device, a mobility management network element, or a session management network element, and the satellite backhaul link delay includes a delay when the session management request is received, and /or, the time delay when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, the satellite operation and control information includes: at least one of the coverage position of the satellite at different times, the constellation topology and the ephemeris information of the satellite one item.
  • the first device estimates the delay of the satellite backhaul link, and reports the estimated delay of the satellite backhaul link to the application network element or the policy control network element, so that The application network element or policy control network element can know the approximate delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • receiving the session management request by the access network device includes: the access network device receiving Said session management request from an end device.
  • the sending of the satellite backhaul link delay information by the access network device includes: the access network device sends the policy control network element and/or the application network element to the policy control network element and/or the application network element through the mobility management network element and the session management network element. The above-mentioned satellite backhaul link delay.
  • the mobility management network element receiving a session management request includes: the mobility management A network element receives the session management request from the access network device.
  • the delay in sending the satellite backhaul link by the mobility management network element includes: when the mobility management network element sends the satellite backhaul link to the policy control network element and/or the application network element through the session management network element delay.
  • a communication device configured to realize the functions of the first device in the methods described in the first aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, and the fifth aspect.
  • the communication device may further include a memory, the memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to implement the first device in the methods described in the first aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, and the fifth aspect. Function.
  • the memory is used to store program instructions and data.
  • the memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor can call and execute the program instructions stored in the memory to implement the first device in the methods described in the first aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, and the fifth aspect. Function.
  • the communication device may further include a communication interface, and the communication interface is used for the communication device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, an input/output interface, or a circuit.
  • the communication device includes: a processor and a communication interface
  • the processor is configured to run a computer program, so that the communication device implements any one of the methods described in the first aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, and the fifth aspect;
  • the processor communicates with the outside through the communication interface.
  • the external may be an object other than the processor, or an object other than the device.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, pins or related circuits on the chip or the chip system.
  • the processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or logic circuit.
  • a communication device configured to realize the function of the second device in the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the communication apparatus may further include a memory, the memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to implement the function of the second device in the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the memory is used to store program instructions and data.
  • the memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor can call and execute program instructions stored in the memory, so as to realize the functions of the second device in the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the communication device may further include a communication interface, and the communication interface is used for the communication device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, an input/output interface, or a circuit.
  • the communication device includes: a processor and a communication interface
  • the processor is configured to run a computer program, so that the communication device implements any one of the methods described in the second aspect above;
  • the processor communicates with the outside through the communication interface.
  • the external may be an object other than the processor, or an object other than the device.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, pins or related circuits on the chip or the chip system.
  • the processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or logic circuit.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the methods described in the above aspects.
  • the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the methods described in the above aspects.
  • a tenth aspect provides a communication system, including the communication device described in the sixth aspect and the communication device described in the seventh aspect.
  • a chip device including a processing circuit, and the processing circuit is used to call and run a program from a memory, so that a communication device installed with the chip device executes any one of the above-mentioned first to fifth aspects.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the architecture of a 5G system to which the embodiment of the present application applies.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a scenario where satellite communication and 5GS are integrated.
  • Fig. 3 is a two-dimensional expanded schematic diagram of a polar orbit constellation.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 900 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) system or new radio (new radio, NR), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency Division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD), etc.
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • long term evolution long term evolution
  • LTE frequency Division duplex frequency division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to device to device (device to device, D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine to machine (machine to machine, M2M) communication, machine Type communication (machine type communication, MTC), and Internet of things (internet of things, IoT) communication system or other communication systems.
  • D2D device to device
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • M2M machine to machine
  • MTC machine Type communication
  • IoT Internet of things
  • FIG. 1 a communication system applicable to the embodiment of the present application is briefly introduced first with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic architecture diagram of a 5G system to which this embodiment of the present application applies.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service interface.
  • the network architecture may include but not limited to the following network elements (or called functional network elements, functional entities, nodes, devices, etc.):
  • User equipment user equipment, UE
  • wireless access network equipment
  • access and mobility management function access and mobility management function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • policy control function policy control function
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM unified data management
  • application function application function, AF
  • NEF capability exposure function
  • binding support function binding support function
  • BSF binding support function
  • UDR unified data repository
  • UE can include various handheld devices with wireless communication functions, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, as well as various forms of terminals and mobile stations (mobile station, MS) , terminal (terminal) or soft terminal and so on. For example, water meters, electricity meters, sensors, etc.
  • the user equipment in this embodiment of the present application may refer to an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a relay station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal device (terminal equipment), wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device.
  • an access terminal a subscriber unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a relay station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal device (terminal equipment), wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device.
  • the user equipment can also be a cellular telephones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing equipment or other processing equipment connected to the wireless modem, vehicle equipment, wearable equipment, user equipment in the 5G network or user equipment in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN) or in the future Internet of Vehicles
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities computing equipment or other processing equipment connected to the wireless modem, vehicle equipment, wearable equipment, user equipment in the 5G network or user equipment in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN) or in the future Internet of Vehicles
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the user equipment, etc. are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • wearable devices can also be referred to as wearable smart devices, which is a general term for intelligently designing daily wear and developing wearable devices by applying wearable technology, such as glasses, Gloves, watches, clothing and shoes, etc.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a hardware device, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • Generalized wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, etc., and only focus on a certain type of application functions, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones Use, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for physical sign monitoring.
  • the user equipment can also be the user equipment in the Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • IoT is an important part of the development of information technology in the future, and its main technical feature is that items can be Connect with the network to realize the intelligent network of man-machine interconnection and object interconnection.
  • the IOT technology can achieve massive connections, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through, for example, narrow band (NB) technology.
  • NB narrow band
  • the user equipment may also include a sensor whose main functions include collecting data (part of the user equipment), receiving control information and downlink data of the access network equipment, and sending electromagnetic waves to transmit uplink data to the access network equipment. data.
  • the device for implementing the function of the user equipment may be the user equipment, or a device capable of supporting the user equipment to realize the function, for example, a chip system or a combined device or component that can realize the function of the user equipment.
  • the means may be installed in user equipment.
  • the system-on-a-chip may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described by taking the user equipment as an example for realizing the functions of the user equipment.
  • (R)AN It is used to provide network access functions for authorized user equipment in a specific area, and can use transmission tunnels with different service qualities according to the level of user equipment and business requirements.
  • (R)AN can manage wireless resources, provide access services for user equipment, and then complete the forwarding of control signals and user equipment data between user equipment and the core network.
  • (R)AN can also be understood as a base station in a traditional network.
  • the access network device in the embodiment of the present application may be any communication device with a wireless transceiver function for communicating with the user equipment.
  • the access network equipment includes but not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller) , BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (home evolved Node B, HeNB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseBand unit, BBU), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI ) system in the access point (access point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point, TP) or transmission and reception point (transmission and reception point, TRP), etc., can also be 5G , such as, NR, gNB in the system, or, transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels
  • a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU).
  • the CU implements some functions of the gNB, and the DU implements some functions of the gNB.
  • the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, and realizing the functions of radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer.
  • the DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, realizing the functions of the radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer, media access control (media access control, MAC) layer and physical (physical, PHY) layer.
  • the AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing and related functions of active antennas. Since the information of the RRC layer will eventually become the information of the PHY layer, or be transformed from the information of the PHY layer, under this architecture, high-level signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can also be considered to be sent by the DU , or, sent by DU+AAU.
  • the access network device may be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • the CU can be divided into access network devices in the access network (radio access network, RAN), and the CU can also be divided into access network devices in the core network (core network, CN). Do limited.
  • UPF network element mainly includes the following functions: data packet routing and transmission, packet detection, service usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) processing, legal interception, uplink packet detection, downlink data packet storage, etc. function.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the user plane network element may be a UPF network element.
  • the user plane network element may still be a UPF network element, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • DN It is used to provide the network for transmitting data.
  • the data network element may be a DN network element.
  • the data network element may still be a DN network element, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • AMF network element mainly includes the following functions: connection management, mobility management, registration management, access authentication and authorization, reachability management, security context management and other functions related to access and mobility.
  • the access management network element may be an AMF network element.
  • the access management network element may still be an AMF network element, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • SMF mainly used for session management, Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management of terminal equipment, selection of manageable user plane functions, endpoints for policy control and charging function interfaces, and downlink data notification.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the session management network element may be an SMF network element.
  • the session management network element may still be an SMF network element, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • PCF A unified policy framework for guiding network behavior, providing policy rule information, etc. for control plane functional network elements (such as AMF, SMF network elements, etc.).
  • UDM It can be understood as the naming of unified data management network elements in the 5G architecture. Among them, the unified data management network element mainly includes the following functions: unified data management, support for authentication credential processing in the 3GPP authentication and key agreement mechanism, user identity processing, access authorization, registration and mobility management, subscription management, short message management etc.
  • AF It is used to provide application layer information, which can interact with the policy framework or directly interact with the policy framework to make policy decision requests through network open function network elements.
  • NSSF mainly includes the following functions: select a group of network slice instances for UE, determine the allowed network slice selection assistance information (network slice selection assistance information, NSSAI), and determine the AMF set that can serve the UE, etc.
  • NSSAI network slice selection assistance information
  • AUSF mainly includes the following functions: authentication server function, interacts with unified data management network elements to obtain user information, and performs authentication-related functions, such as generating intermediate keys.
  • BSF implement session binding. Specifically, for AF addressing PCF.
  • the SMF When the SMF requests policy control from the PCF for the session that the UE requests to establish, it provides information such as the UE's identity and user IP address to the PCF, and the PCF binds the information (including but not limited to the UE's identity, user IP address, and ID) registered with BSF. Later, when UE accesses services on AF through this session, AF may need to request policy authorization from PCF for the services accessed by UE.
  • the PCF selected by AF for this policy authorization must be consistent with the PCF selected by SMF for this session, because this policy authorization Generally, the PCF is triggered to adjust the policy control for the associated session of the SMF.
  • the AF can query the corresponding PCF from the BSF according to the user IP address or the identity of the UE, and then directly request policy authorization to the AF through the N5 interface defined by 5G.
  • UDR mainly used for the access function of contract data, policy data, application data and other types of data.
  • the above-mentioned network element or functional network element may be a network element in a hardware device, or a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a virtualization function instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • NEF It can be understood as the name of the capability opening network element in the 5G architecture.
  • the capability opening network element mainly includes the following functions: securely open the services and capabilities provided by the 3GPP network functions, open internally, or open to third parties, etc.; transform or translate the information interacted with AF and the information interacted with internal network functions, Such as AF service identification and internal 5G core network information such as data network name (data network name, DNN), single network slice selection assistance information (single network slice selection assistance information, S-NSSAI), etc.
  • the interfaces between network elements of the control plane in FIG. 1 are service-based interfaces.
  • N1 the interface between the AMF and the terminal, which can be used to transmit QoS control rules and the like to the terminal.
  • N2 the interface between the AMF and the RAN, which can be used to transfer radio bearer control information from the core network side to the RAN.
  • N3 the interface between the RAN and the UPF, mainly used to transfer the uplink and downlink user plane data between the RAN and the UPF.
  • N4 The interface between SMF and UPF, which can be used to transfer information between the control plane and the user plane, including controlling the distribution of forwarding rules, QoS control rules, traffic statistics rules, etc. Information reporting.
  • N9 a user plane interface between UPF and UPF, used to transmit uplink and downlink user data flows between UPFs.
  • the service interfaces Nnssf, Nudr, Nausf, Nbsf, Namf, Npcf, Nsmf, Nudm, Nnef, and Naf are respectively provided by the above-mentioned NSSF, UDR, AUSF, BSF, AMF, PCF, SMF, UDM, NEF, and AF
  • the service interface is used to call the corresponding service operation.
  • N6 interface between UPF and DN, used to transmit uplink and downlink user data flow between UPF and DN.
  • N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6 are interface serial numbers.
  • the meanings of these interface serial numbers may refer to the meanings defined in the third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) standard agreement, and there is no limitation here.
  • interfaces between network elements of the control plane may also be point-to-point interfaces, which will not be repeated here.
  • AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, UDM, etc. shown in FIG. 1 can be understood as network elements for implementing different functions, for example, they can be combined into network slices as required. These network elements can be independent devices, or can be integrated in the same device to achieve different functions, or can be network elements in hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or platforms (for example, cloud The virtualization function instantiated on the platform), this application does not limit the specific form of the above network elements.
  • the name of the interface between network elements in FIG. 1 is just an example, and the name of the interface in a specific implementation may be another name, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the name of the message (or signaling) transmitted between the above network elements is only an example, and does not constitute any limitation on the function of the message itself.
  • the fusion technology of satellite communication and 5G communication system (the 5th-generation mobile communications system, 5GS) is proposed.
  • the scenarios where the satellite communication and 5GS fusion technology can be applied include: the satellite link is used as the backhaul link, and the access network equipment communicates with the core network equipment (such as the UPF shown in Figure 1) through the backhaul link.
  • the core network equipment such as the UPF shown in Figure 1
  • the current satellite communication and 5GS fusion technology does not involve the acquisition and reporting of the time delay of the backhaul link, which affects the communication quality.
  • this application provides a communication method that can report changes in the delay of the satellite backhaul link, so that the second device can know the delay of the satellite backhaul link in time changes to improve communication quality.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a 5G communication system, for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • this embodiment of the present application does not limit the applicable scenarios of the method, for example, it is also applicable to other network architectures including network elements capable of implementing corresponding functions.
  • a satellite constellation is a collection of satellites that are launched into orbit and can work normally. It is usually a satellite network composed of some satellites configured in a certain way.
  • the main satellite constellations include Global Positioning System (global position system, GPS) satellite constellation, GLONASS satellite constellation, Galileo Galileo satellite constellation and Beidou satellite constellation.
  • the constellation types mainly covered in this application include:
  • Low earth orbit (LEO) polar orbit constellation Low earth orbit (LEO) polar orbit constellation, mid earth orbit (MEO) polar orbit constellation, LEO inclined orbit constellation and MEO inclined orbit constellation, etc.
  • the LEO inclined orbit constellation and the MEO inclined orbit constellation do not involve the concept of reverse slots, that is to say, when the constellation types are LEO inclined orbit constellations and MEO inclined orbit constellations, there is no need to consider whether reverse slots are supported.
  • the LEO polar orbit constellation and the MEO polar orbit constellation involve the concept of reverse slots, that is to say, when the constellation type is LEO In the case of polar orbit constellations and MEO polar orbit constellations, it is necessary to consider whether to support reverse slots.
  • Satellite networking refers to the network mode of satellite technology.
  • the network is composed of various types of satellite systems on different orbits.
  • the satellite constellation is the basic physical structure. It takes full advantage of the large coverage of the satellite system, which can be multi-level and full-spectrum.
  • the feature of obtaining target multi-source information in one segment can provide users with high-confidence information of multi-element fusion processing with precise time and space reference.
  • the development of ground computer networks has enabled spacecraft to join the network as servers, terminals, nodes or transmission lines, which can also be said to be the technical basis for the concept of satellite networking.
  • Different types of satellites may have different coverage areas, motion characteristics, and propagation delays and jitters due to different orbital altitudes.
  • satellites can be classified into geostationary equatorial orbit (GEO), MEO, LEO, and other satellites (Other SAT) according to orbit type.
  • GEO geostationary equatorial orbit
  • MEO mobile equatorial orbit
  • LEO mobile equatorial orbit
  • Other SAT satellites
  • An artificial earth satellite orbit with an angle between the orbital plane and the equatorial plane at 90°.
  • Artificial satellites can reach the sky above the North and South Poles during operation, that is, satellites can fly over the sky on a global scale.
  • Meteorological satellites, navigation satellites, and earth resource satellites that need to observe and apply on a global scale all use this orbit.
  • the satellites accessed by both communication parties are on different sides of the reverse slot at certain moments. At this time, the forwarding path on the satellite needs to pass through the reverse slot, which can be called reverse slot transit.
  • reverse slot departure It can be understood that the satellites accessed by both communication parties are on the same side of the reverse slot, and the forwarding path does not need to pass through the reverse slot.
  • the forwarding path on the star generally includes specific information such as which nodes are used on the path, and the sequence of nodes.
  • the number of satellite hops passed can be determined according to the forwarding path on the star.
  • the forwarding path on the star is determined based on the minimum hop count algorithm, that is, the number of satellite hops passed by the forwarding path on the star is by default the path with the smallest hop count among all possible paths.
  • the integration of satellite communication and 5GS can be divided into two scenarios.
  • the first scenario is: the satellite is used as 3GPP access, and the UE accesses 5GS through the satellite;
  • the second scenario is: the satellite link is used as the backhaul link, and the RAN Communicate with the 5G core network (5G core, 5GC) through the backhaul link (for example, the backhaul link provides bearer for N3 or N9).
  • 5G core 5G core, 5GC
  • the satellite link is used as a 5G backhaul link
  • the RAN is connected to the 5GC through the 5G backhaul link.
  • 5GC may include core network elements such as AMF, AF, and UPF as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • satellite #1, satellite #2, and satellite #3 shown in FIG. 2 may be the same or different, wherein non-geosynchronous satellites may implement satellite networking through links between satellites.
  • non-geosynchronous satellites such as LEO or MEO realize satellite networking through inter-satellite links.
  • Non-geosynchronous satellites such as MEO and LEO move relative to the ground, and often need to form a constellation through multiple satellites to achieve continuous coverage of fixed areas such as the ground or sea, and use inter-satellite links to realize on-board forwarding, so that there is no need to build satellites around the world Ground base stations to enhance coverage capabilities.
  • inter-satellite links There are two types of inter-satellite links, one is the link between satellites in the same orbit called the same-orbit inter-satellite link; the other is the inter-orbit link called the different-orbit inter-satellite link.
  • Different orbit inter-satellite links are further divided into co-orbit inter-satellite links and reverse slot links.
  • Co-orbit inter-satellite links are links between two adjacent orbiting satellites in the same direction of operation. The inter-satellite link may be disconnected due to the change of the relative position of the satellite when it is close to the sky over the polar region; the reverse slot link is the link between two satellites in the opposite direction. Seam links are difficult to establish or can only be established for a short time.
  • Fig. 3 is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of a polar orbit constellation, and the inclination angle of each orbit is fixed at 90 degrees (satellite orbits pass through the polar sky).
  • the delay of the satellite backhaul link involved in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as the delay between the RAN and the 5GC backhauled by the satellite.
  • the latency of communication between RAN and UPF via satellite link can be understood as the delay between the RAN and the 5GC backhauled by the satellite.
  • the forwarding path on the satellite has certain stability within a period of time.
  • the period of time can be a period of time when the reverse slot is not passing through, or a period of time when the reverse slot is passing.
  • the delay of the transmission link is stable.
  • the time delay estimated and reported in the following embodiments of the present application may be the time delay of the backhaul link within a certain period of time (for example, the time period when the reverse seam is not transiting, or the time period when the reverse seam is transiting).
  • the switching of satellite links and the movement of satellite positions may cause small changes in the delay of the backhaul link, such as a small increase or decrease in the number of hops in the forwarding path, but the overall delay level is generally relatively low within a period of time. Stablize.
  • the time delay of the backhaul link can be estimated based on the orbital height of the satellites, the straight-line distance between the satellites, and the hops of the on-board forwarding path.
  • the delay of the backhaul link in the segment can be represented by the estimated worst delay, average delay or typical delay The delay of the backhaul link in the segment.
  • the movement of the satellite and the dynamic change of the constellation topology may cause the delay level of the backhaul link between two points relying on satellite network communication to change over time or depend on the specific location of the two points on the ground, that is to say The type of satellite orbit does not necessarily accurately reflect the delay of the backhaul link.
  • the reverse seam leads to the need to establish a different-orbit inter-satellite link (for example, it is necessary to bypass the pole to establish a link, resulting in a longer forwarding path); when the reverse seam does not pass through the border, the forwarding path does not need to pass through the reverse seam, Therefore, the forwarding path on the star when the reverse seam passes through is longer than the forwarding path when the reverse seam does not pass through.
  • the forwarding path on the star is long and the time of the return link The extension is larger.
  • the time delay of the backhaul link may cause the time delay of the backhaul link to far exceed the time delay of the backhaul link estimated according to the orbit height.
  • the satellite types can include GEO, MEO, LEO, and Other SAT.
  • 3GPP defines four new wireless access types and backhaul types in this way, which are used to distinguish different satellite access and satellite backhaul.
  • the backhaul type also defines non-satellite backhaul (that is, ground backhaul).
  • GEO satellites are stationary relative to the ground, and their orbit height is about 35786km. A single satellite can cover a large area, but the propagation delay is relatively high; MEO orbit height is about 5000km-10000km; LEO orbit height is about 500Km-1500Km, with The incoming propagation delay is lower than GEO.
  • the return type information is mainly reported to the PCF and AF for estimating the return delay and making policy decisions.
  • the PCF can determine that the delay is large based on the GEO orbit type, so as to decide to release the session; for example, the AF performs application layer coding compensation or transport layer policy adjustment when the delay becomes large.
  • the satellite operation and control information involved in this application includes, but is not limited to, predictable information such as the coverage position of the satellite at different times, the topology of the constellation, and the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • the ephemeris information of the satellite includes orbital parameters, or parameters such as the position of the satellite calculated based on the orbital parameters. It can be understood that the ephemeris information of the satellite can be used to calculate, predict, describe, or track the flight time of the satellite, position, speed, etc.
  • Protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session.
  • a PDU session is an association between a terminal device and a DN, and is used to provide a PDU connection service.
  • the actual backhaul link delay may be different from the time delay of the backhaul link estimated by the orbital height, which does not yet exist in 5GS
  • the solution realizes the acquisition and reporting of the satellite backhaul link delay when the constellation is formed through the inter-satellite link as the satellite backhaul link.
  • This application can enhance the function of the network element in 5GS or add a new function to the network element, based on 5GS In this scenario, the corresponding communication process is realized to obtain and report the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the embodiments shown below do not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, as long as the program that records the code of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be run to provide the method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a core network device, or a functional module in the core network device that can call a program and execute the program.
  • for indicating can be understood as “enabling”, and “enabling” can include direct enabling and indirect enabling.
  • enabling can include direct enabling and indirect enabling.
  • information for enabling A it may include that the information directly enables A or indirectly enables A, but it does not mean that A must be carried in the information.
  • the information enabled by the information is called the information to be enabled.
  • the information to be enabled can be directly enabled.
  • the to-be-enabled information may also be indirectly enabled by enabling other information, where there is an association relationship between the other information and the to-be-enabled information.
  • specific information can also be enabled by means of a pre-agreed (for example, protocol-specified) arrangement order of each information, thereby reducing the enabling overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, you can also Identify the common parts of each information and enable them uniformly to reduce the enabling overhead caused by enabling the same information individually.
  • pre-configuration may include pre-definition, for example, protocol definition.
  • predefinition for example, protocol definition.
  • "predefine” can be realized by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate related information in the device (for example, including each network element), and this application does not limit its specific implementation.
  • the "storage" mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may refer to saving in one or more memories.
  • the one or more memories may be provided independently, or may be integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device.
  • a part of the one or more memories may also be provided separately, and a part may be integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device.
  • the type of the storage may be any form of storage medium, which is not limited in this application.
  • the "protocol” involved in the embodiment of this application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include 5G protocol, new radio (new radio, NR) protocol and related protocols applied in future communication systems. Applications are not limited to this.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link (for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • Figure 4 includes the following steps:
  • the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information.
  • the satellite operation and control information includes, but is not limited to: at least one item of the coverage position of the satellite at different times, the constellation topology, the ephemeris information of the satellite, and the time indication information when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the satellite operation and control information may be obtained by the first device, and may also be pre-configured on the first device.
  • the information indicating the time when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes is configuration information
  • the configuration information includes the time information of the possible change of the return delay.
  • a certain time interval is reverse seam transit/departure; also for example, The forwarding path changes in a certain time interval.
  • the first device determines, according to the satellite operation and control information, that the satellite backhaul link time delay changes when the hop count of the backhaul link forwarding path changes.
  • the first device determines the forwarding path between the satellites in the satellite backhaul link at the first moment according to the coverage position information and constellation topology information of the satellites at different moments in the satellite operation and control information. For example, according to the coverage position information of the satellite at the first moment, it is determined that the access network equipment needs to communicate with the core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link composed of satellite #1, satellite #2, satellite #3 and satellite #4, and further according to the constellation
  • the topology information determines that the forwarding path among satellite #1, satellite #2, satellite #3 and satellite #4 includes satellite #1-satellite #2-satellite #3-satellite #4, and the forwarding path includes 3 hops.
  • the first device according to the coverage position information and constellation topology of the satellite at different times in the satellite operation and control information
  • the structural information determines the forwarding path between the satellites in the satellite return link at the second moment. For example, according to the coverage position information of the satellite at the second moment, it is determined that the access network equipment needs to be transmitted back through satellites composed of satellite #1, satellite #2, satellite #3, satellite #4, satellite #5, satellite #6, and satellite #7.
  • the link communicates with the core network equipment, and further determines the forwarding path between satellite #1, satellite #2, satellite #3, satellite #4, satellite #5, satellite #6, and satellite #7 according to the constellation topology information, including satellite #1-satellite #2-satellite #3-satellite #4-satellite #5-satellite #6-satellite #7, the forwarding path includes 6 hops.
  • the first device determines that the hop count of the forwarding path of the backhaul link at the first moment is 3 hops, and the hop count of the forwarding path of the backhaul link at the second moment becomes 6 hops, which can roughly determine the satellite backhaul at the second moment
  • the link delay is greater than the satellite backhaul link delay at the first moment. For example, when the hop count of the forwarding path of the backhaul link is 1, the delay is 0.1ms, then the delay of the satellite backhaul link at the first moment is 0.3ms, and the delay of the satellite backhaul link at the second moment is 0.6ms .
  • the reason why the above-mentioned hop count of the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link changes may be that the reverse seam passes through the border.
  • the first device determines, according to the satellite operation and control information, the time delay change of the satellite return link when the reverse slot crossing occurs.
  • the first device determines, based on the coverage position information and constellation topology information of the satellite at different times in the satellite operation and control information, that the satellite backhaul link does not pass through the reverse slot at the first moment, and the access network device passes through the satellite# 1.
  • Satellite #2, satellite #3 and satellite #4 can communicate with core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device determines that the reverse seam transit occurs at the second moment when the access network device passes through satellite #1, satellite #2, satellite Only #3, satellite #4, satellite #5, satellite #6, and satellite #7 can communicate with the core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device determines, according to the satellite operation and control information, the time delay change of the satellite return link when the departure of the reverse slot occurs.
  • the first device determines, based on the coverage position information and constellation topology information of the satellite at different times in the satellite operation and control information, that the satellite backhaul link does not leave the country at the second time, and the access network device passes through the satellite Only #1, satellite #2, satellite #3, satellite #4, satellite #5, satellite #6, and satellite #7 can communicate with the core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device determines that the reverse seam departure occurs at the third time according to the satellite coverage position information and constellation topology information at different times in the satellite operation and control information, and the access network device passes satellite #1 and satellite #2 , Satellite #3 and Satellite #4 can communicate with the core network equipment through the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device determines, according to the configuration information, that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the configuration information includes the time information that the delay of the satellite backhaul link may change. For example, if the configuration information indicates that a certain time interval is the reverse seam transit/departure, then the first device determines that the satellite backhaul link in this time interval Latency changes. Specifically, the configuration information may indicate that the satellite backhaul link does not pass through the reverse seam at the first moment, but at the second moment, the satellite backhaul link has a reverse seam transit, then the first device determines that the satellite backhaul link at the second moment The path delay changes.
  • the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes in the time interval.
  • the configuration information may indicate that the forwarding path of the backhaul link does not change at the first moment, but the forwarding path of the backhaul link changes at the second moment, then the first device determines that when the satellite backhaul link at the second moment delay changes.
  • the determining by the first device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information may be: the first device may determine the moment when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information.
  • the first device may determine, according to the satellite operation and control information, that the time when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes is 10s away from the current time.
  • the satellite operation control information also includes the position information of the RAN and/or the position information of the AMF; or, the satellite operation control information is understood as the satellite operation control information between the RAN and the AMF, and the satellite operation control information between the RAN and the AMF
  • the control information includes satellite operation and control information, RAN location information and AMF location information.
  • the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite return link has changed.
  • the transmission link delay changes.
  • the satellite backhaul link delay refers to the satellite backhaul link delay between RAN and UPF, and generally AMF and UPF are deployed in the same area, and the first device is RAN or AMF
  • the location information of the AMF is relatively easy to obtain, so it can be determined that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, the location information of the RAN, and/or the location information of the AMF.
  • the satellite operation control information also includes the position information of the RAN and/or the position information of the UPF; or, the satellite operation control information is understood as the satellite operation control information between the RAN and the UPF, and the satellite operation control information between the RAN and the UPF
  • the control information includes satellite operation and control information, RAN location information and UPF location information.
  • the first device determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information may be: the first device (such as SMF) determines the satellite backhaul link according to the satellite operation and control information and the location information of the RAN and/or the location information of the UPF The path delay changes.
  • the satellite return link delay may vary depending on whether the constellation supports feedback.
  • the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link is determined to include the low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation or the medium-orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, when further determining the satellite backhaul link The accuracy of delay changes is higher.
  • the first device before the first device determines that the delay of the satellite return link changes, it can also first determine whether the constellation type corresponding to the satellite return link is a low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation or a medium-orbit satellite MEO constellation.
  • Polar orbit constellation when it is determined that the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link includes a low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation or a medium-orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, it is further determined that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 4 also includes:
  • the first device sends a notification message to the second device.
  • the notification message is used to notify the satellite that the time delay of the backhaul link changes.
  • the first device sends a notification message, including: the access network device notifies the policy control network element and/or the application through the mobility management network element and the session management network element The network element sends the notification message.
  • the first device when the first device is an access network device, a notification message is sent to the mobility management network element, that is, although the second device eventually learns that the delay of the satellite backhaul connection changes, the first device may Unaware finally know Who is the subject of the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul connection is only aware of sending the notification message to the mobility management network element.
  • the mobility management network element and/or the session management network element may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can be sent to the policy control network element and/or the application
  • the network element notifying that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed can be regarded as the notification message in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobility management network element sends a notification message, including: the mobility management network element sends the policy control network element and/or the application network element to the policy control network element and/or the application network element through the session management network element. notification message.
  • the first device when it is a mobility management network element, it sends a notification message to the session management network element, that is, although the second device finally knows that the delay of the satellite backhaul connection changes, the first device can It does not perceive who is the subject that finally knows the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul connection, but only perceives that the notification message is sent to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can notify the policy control network element and/or the application network element of the satellite backhaul link A change in the delay can be regarded as a notification message in the embodiment of the present application.
  • sending the notification message by the session management network element includes: the session management network element sending the notification message to a policy control network element and/or an application network element.
  • the notification message includes information indicating that the forwarding path changes, information indicating that the reverse seam departs, information indicating that the reverse seam transits, information indicating the duration of the reverse seam departure, or At least one item of information indicating the duration of the reverse seam transit.
  • the duration of departure of the reverse seam can be understood as the time length between the beginning moment of the departure of the reverse seam and the end moment of the departure of the reverse seam; similarly, the duration of the departure of the reverse seam can be understood as The time period between the start moment when a backseam crossing occurs and the end time for that back seam crossing.
  • the start moment of reverse seam transit is the end moment of reverse seam departure; or in other words, the start moment of reverse seam departure is the end moment of reverse seam transit. That is, reverse seam departures and reverse seam transits are events that occur alternately.
  • the first device may determine the time when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, determine the duration of the timer according to the time, and send the notification message when the timer expires.
  • the first device may determine according to the satellite operation and control information that the time when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes is 10s from the current time, and then the duration of the timer may be set to 10s.
  • the timer overtime can be understood as the end of the timer timing (or called the point, the time), for example, the timing duration of the timer is 10 seconds, the timer is triggered at the first moment to start counting, then at the second moment (the first Time +10s) The timer is up.
  • the first device may actively report the notification message.
  • the first device may report a notification message based on the request of the second device.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 4 further includes:
  • the first device receives a request message from the second device, or the second device sends a request message to the first device.
  • the request message is used to request to determine the variation of the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • the receiving the request message by the first device includes: the access network device receiving the request message from the policy control network element and/or through the mobility management network element and the session management network element The request message of the network element is applied.
  • the second device sends a request message to the first device, that is, although the access network device finally determines the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, but
  • the policy control network element and/or the application network element may not be aware of who is the subject of the final determination of the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, but only perceive the change to the session management network element to send the request message.
  • the mobility management network element and/or the session management network element may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can request the access network device to determine the The change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link can be regarded as the request message in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobility management network element receiving the request message includes: the mobility management network element receives a message from a policy control network element and/or an application network element through a session management network element The request message.
  • the second device sends a request message to the first device, that is, although the mobility management network element ultimately determines the delay change of the satellite backhaul link , but the policy control network element and/or the application network element may not be aware of who is the subject that finally determines the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, but only be aware of sending the request message to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can request the mobility management network element to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, It can be regarded as the request message in the embodiment of this application.
  • receiving the request message by the session management network element includes: the session management network element receiving the request message from a policy control network element and/or an application network element.
  • the second device directly sends the request message.
  • the second device determines that the request message can be delivered based on the constellation information reported by the first device.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 4 further includes:
  • the second device receives constellation information from the first device, or the first device sends constellation information to the second device.
  • the first device sends constellation information, including: the access network device sends a policy control network element and/or an application through the mobility management network element and the session management network element The network element sends the constellation information.
  • the constellation information is sent to the mobility management network element, that is, although the second device finally obtains the constellation information, the first device may not perceive that the constellation information is finally obtained Who is the main body, and only perceives the constellation information sent to the mobility management network element.
  • the mobility management network element and/or the session management network element may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can be sent to the policy control network element and/or the application The network element notifies the constellation information, which can be regarded as the constellation information in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobility management network element sends the constellation information, including: the mobility management network element sends the policy control network element and/or the application network element to the policy control network element and/or the application network element through the session management network element. Constellation information.
  • the constellation information is sent to the session management network element, that is, although the second device finally obtains the constellation information, the first device may not perceive that the constellation information is finally obtained It only senses who the main body is and sends the constellation information to the session management network element.
  • the session management network element may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can notify the policy control network element and/or the application network element of the constellation information, it can be regarded as Constellation information in the embodiment of this application.
  • sending the constellation information by the session management network element includes: the session management network element sending the constellation information to a policy control network element and/or an application network element.
  • the constellation information is used by the second device to determine whether to send the request message, and the method flow shown in FIG. 4 also includes:
  • the second device determines whether to send the request message according to the constellation information.
  • the constellation information includes information indicating the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link, and the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link includes at least one of the following constellations: low-orbit satellite LEO polar Orbit star constellation, medium orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, LEO inclined orbit constellation, or MEO inclined orbit constellation.
  • the request message may not be sent.
  • the application network element or policy control network element can roughly determine the satellite backhaul link delay change when the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link is a LEO inclined orbit constellation or a MEO inclined orbit constellation The possibility is small, and there is no need to send a request message for requesting to determine the time delay change of the satellite backhaul link, which saves signaling overhead.
  • the application network element or the policy control network element may send a request message if it knows that the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link is a LEO polar orbit constellation or a MEO polar orbit constellation.
  • the application network element or policy control network element can subscribe to the satellite return link by sending a request message requesting to determine the change of the satellite return link delay in order to be able to determine whether the satellite return link delay changes in time. Whether the transmission link delay changes.
  • the above-mentioned constellation information also includes capability information of the satellite constellation, for example, the constellation information also includes at least one of the following information:
  • Information used to indicate whether the satellite constellation supports inter-satellite links information used to indicate whether the satellite constellation supports inter-satellite links in the same orbit, information used to indicate whether the satellite constellation supports inter-satellite links in different orbits Information; when the constellation type is a LEO polar orbit constellation and/or a MEO polar orbit constellation, the constellation information further includes information indicating whether the satellite constellation supports reverse slot links.
  • the above-mentioned constellation information also includes the capability information of the satellite constellation, which is more helpful for judging whether the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, so as to determine whether to send the request message.
  • the application network element or the policy control network element can determine according to the capability information: when the reverse slot transit occurs, the satellite returns The delay of the link will increase compared to when the reverse seam does not pass through, that is to say, the application network element or policy control network element can roughly determine that the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link is LEO polar orbit according to the capability information Constellation, and the LEO polar orbit constellation does not support the reverse slot link, the possibility of satellite backhaul link delay changes, you can send a request message for the LEO polar orbit constellation that does not support the reverse slot link .
  • the first device may report the constellation information in newly added signaling.
  • the first device reports constellation information in the session management process, and the method process shown in FIG. 4 also includes:
  • the first device receives a session management request.
  • the session management request is used to request establishment of a session, for example, the session management request is a session establishment request message.
  • the session management request is used to request modification of the session, for example, the session management request is a session modification request message.
  • the above-mentioned session is a session transmitted through the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device includes an access network device, a mobility management network element, or a session management network element.
  • receiving the session management request by the first device includes: the access network device receiving the session management request from a terminal device.
  • receiving the session management request by the mobility management network element includes: receiving the session management request from the terminal device by the mobility management network element through an access network device.
  • the non-access Non-Access Stratum (NAS) message sent by the terminal device is encapsulated in the N2 message by the access network device, and sent to the mobility management network element, wherein the N2 message includes constellation information.
  • NAS Non-Access Stratum
  • the terminal device may not perceive who is the subject that finally receives the session management request, and only The perception sends the session management request to the access network device.
  • the access network equipment may change the form/content of the message, but as long as the changed message can request the mobility management network element for session management, it can be regarded as the embodiment of this application Session management requests in .
  • the session management network element receiving the session management request includes: the session management network element receives the session management request from the terminal device through the access network device and the mobility management network element.
  • the first device after receiving the session management request, the first device can trigger and determine to report the constellation information.
  • the constellation information may be included in a PDU session management context creation request message or an update message.
  • the first device may also estimate the satellite backhaul link delay, and the method flow shown in FIG. 4 further includes:
  • the first device estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device may estimate the first delay of the current satellite backhaul link after receiving the session management request.
  • the first device estimates the first time delay of the satellite backhaul link according to the satellite operation and control information.
  • the first time delay of the satellite backhaul link includes the time delay when the session management request is received, and/or, the time delay when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and the satellite operation
  • the control information includes: at least one item of coverage positions of the satellites at different times, constellation topology and ephemeris information of the satellites.
  • the first device estimates the delay of the backhaul link within a period of time when the current delay level is stable based on the satellite operation and control information.
  • the first device may also estimate, based on the satellite operation and control information, the delay of the backhaul link in one or more time intervals in the future where the delay level is stable.
  • the satellite operation control information also includes the position information of the RAN and/or the position information of the AMF; or, the satellite operation control information is understood as the satellite operation control information between the RAN and the AMF, and the satellite operation control information between the RAN and the AMF
  • the control information includes satellite operation and control information, RAN location information and AMF location information.
  • the first device bases the satellite operation and control information on the location information of the RAN and/or the location of the AMF The information estimates the delay of the backhaul link within a period of time when the current delay level is stable.
  • the satellite operation and control information does not include the location information of the RAN and/or the location information of the AMF
  • the first device may also estimate the backhaul chain of one or more time intervals in the future where the delay level is stable based on the satellite operation and control information and the location information of the RAN and/or the location information of the AMF road delay.
  • the aforementioned period of time when the delay level is stable may be a period of time when the hop count of the forwarding path of the backhaul link is basically stable.
  • the time delay of the backhaul link can be estimated within the time period when the hop count of the forwarding path of the backhaul link does not change.
  • the first threshold may be predefined, which is not limited here, for example, the first threshold is 3.
  • the hop count of the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link can be used to estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the delay will also be larger.
  • the access network equipment communicates with the core network equipment through the backhaul link forwarding path #1 (satellite #1-satellite #2-satellite #3-satellite #4), compared to the access network equipment through the backhaul link
  • the time delay between forwarding path #2 (satellite #1-satellite #2-satellite #3-satellite #4-satellite #5-satellite #6-satellite #7) and the core network equipment is small. Because it is assumed that when the hop count of the forwarding path of the backhaul link is 1, the delay is 0.1 ms, the delay of path #1 is 0.3 ms, and the delay of path #2 is 0.6 ms.
  • the period of time during which the above-mentioned delay level is stable may be a period of time after the reverse seam passes.
  • the first device can directly determine whether the forwarding path changes, the hop count of the backhaul link forwarding path is determined by the bearer network, but the first device can estimate that the forwarding hop count may change greatly based on the ephemeris information.
  • the forward seam is about to cross or the reverse seam is about to leave.
  • the first device can estimate the time delay of the backhaul link within a period of time after the reverse seam passes after determining that the reverse seam will not occur again within a period of time after the reverse seam passes according to the satellite operation and control information .
  • the first device may determine a period of time during which the current delay level is stable according to the satellite operation and control information, and may also determine one or more time intervals during which the delay level is stable in the future according to the ephemeris information.
  • the time delay of the backhaul link estimated by the first device may be: the worst time delay estimated based on the hop count of the largest backhaul link forwarding path within the time interval.
  • the time delay of the backhaul link estimated by the first device may be: an average time delay estimated based on multiple forwarding paths with different numbers of hops within the time interval.
  • the time delay of the backhaul link estimated by the first device may be: a typical delay.
  • the number of hops of the forwarding path of the backhaul link within the time interval includes three possibilities: 3 hops, 4 hops, and 5 hops.
  • Delay #5 estimated based on 5 hops can be used as the delay of the backhaul link; or delay #3 estimated based on 3 hops, delay #4 estimated based on 4 hops, and delay estimated by 5 hops
  • the average delay of #5 is used as the delay of the backhaul link; or when the number of hops of the forwarding path of the backhaul link is 3 hops in the time interval, the delay #3 estimated based on 3 hops is used as the delay of the backhaul link. transmission link delay.
  • the first device may estimate the second time delay of the satellite backhaul link when the estimated time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the difference between the method for estimating the second delay and the method for estimating the first delay lies in the timing of the estimation.
  • the estimation of the first delay is in the session management process, and the estimation of the second delay is in determining the satellite
  • the specific estimation method can refer to the above description of estimating the first time delay, which will not be repeated here.
  • the satellite backhaul link time delay (for example, the above-mentioned first time delay and second time delay) may be reported through a notification message.
  • the second device may determine an execution strategy, and the method flow shown in FIG. 4 further includes:
  • the second device determines an execution policy.
  • the notification message is used to notify the satellite of a change in the time delay of the backhaul link, and the second device determines an execution strategy according to the change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is an AF network element.
  • the AF determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, it needs to perform coding at the application layer or adjustment of an algorithm at the transmission layer.
  • the AF performs application layer coding or adjustment of the transmission layer algorithm based on the delay of the satellite return link, for example, when the delay is large Coding compensation to guarantee user experience.
  • the second device is a PCF network element, and when the PCF determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, session adjustment needs to be performed.
  • the PCF initiates a session release when it finds that the delay of the satellite backhaul link is too large to meet the QoS requirement of the session.
  • the first device can report constellation information (such as reporting constellation information in the session management process.
  • constellation information such as reporting constellation information in the session management process.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message includes constellation information
  • the session management process is completed, based on The communication method that the request message reports the delay change of the satellite backhaul link or the delay of the satellite backhaul link through the notification message. It should be noted that the flow of the communication method shown in FIG. limit.
  • reporting of constellation information shown in FIG. 4 reporting of satellite backhaul link delay variation or satellite backhaul link delay can be understood as different stages, and there is no need to define a strong coupling relationship between them. The following will be described in conjunction with FIG. 5 to FIG. 8 , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the constellation information is not reported (for example, the existing session management process), and after the session management process is completed, the satellite backhaul link delay change or the satellite backhaul link delay is reported based on the request message.
  • the satellite backhaul link delay change or the satellite backhaul link delay is reported based on the request message.
  • reporting the first delay in the session management process does not limit whether to report satellite backhaul link delay change or satellite backhaul link delay based on the request message after the session management process is completed. Specifically, description will be made below in conjunction with FIG. 6 and FIG. 8 , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the first device reports the satellite backhaul link delay change or the satellite backhaul link delay based on the request message; there is no limitation on whether to report the constellation information.
  • the step of estimating the delay of the satellite backhaul link shown in FIG. 4 may be completed by the RAN requesting the UPF.
  • the following will be described in conjunction with specific examples, and will not be repeated here. Specifically, description will be made below in conjunction with FIG. 5 , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the main consideration is that non-geosynchronous satellites such as MEO or LEO form a constellation, so that the current 3GPP solution based on satellite orbit types to define and distinguish satellite backhaul links has some defects, because the movement of satellites and The dynamics of the constellation topology The type of satellite orbit does not necessarily accurately reflect the use of satellite backhaul.
  • the delay between the RAN and the 5GC, the communication method shown in this application can also be applied to geosynchronous satellites forming a constellation or other scenarios where the delay of the backhaul link needs to be estimated.
  • the above-mentioned first device may be an access network device or a mobility management network element.
  • the communication method provided by this application when the first device is an access network device will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , and in conjunction with FIG. 7 FIG. 8 introduces in detail the communication method provided by the present application when the first device is a mobility management network element or a session management network element.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link (for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the first device is the RAN
  • the object (referred to as the second device) to which the first device reports information is the PCF and/or AF
  • the session management process is the session establishment process as an example. illustrate.
  • the first device is an access network device.
  • the access network device may be the RAN, or other network elements capable of implementing the functions of the access network device.
  • the network element with the policy control function may be a PCF, or other network elements capable of implementing the policy control function.
  • the application function network element may be an AF, or other network elements capable of implementing application functions.
  • the network element with the access and mobility management function may be an AMF, or other network elements capable of implementing the access and mobility management function.
  • the user plane network element may be a UPF, or other network elements capable of realizing the function of the user plane network element.
  • Figure 5 includes the following steps:
  • the UE establishes a PDU session.
  • the general PDU session establishment process can be simply described as: UE sends a PDU session establishment request to AMF through RAN, AMF selects SMF to provide services for the PDU session, saves the corresponding relationship between SMF and PDU session, and sends the PDU session establishment request to To the SMF, the SMF selects a corresponding UPF for the UE, establishes a user plane transmission path, and assigns an IP address to it. During this process, SMF will also initiate a session policy control establishment request to SM PCF for establishing session policy control between SMF and SM PCF. During the session policy control establishment process, SMF will save the session policy control and PDU session Correspondence.
  • constellation information is not reported in the session management process, that is, no improvement is made to the specific process of PDU session establishment.
  • PDU session establishment process please refer to the description of the current PDU session establishment process. I won't go into details here.
  • the constellation information is reported in the session management process. Specifically, the constellation information may be included in the session management request message and reported to the policy control network element and/or the application network element. Refer to the description of step S422 in FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 5 also includes:
  • the RAN receives the request message from the second device, or the second device sends the request message to the RAN.
  • the request message is used to request to determine the variation of the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • the second device may also determine whether to send the request message according to the constellation information. Refer to the description of step S423 in FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the request message can be understood as a subscription message
  • the subscription message is used to subscribe to the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, that is to say, when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, the second device It is hoped to receive a notification message, informing the satellite that the delay of the backhaul link has changed, and optionally the notification message also includes the changed satellite backhaul link
  • the delay is so that the second device can determine the execution strategy based on the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is an AF network element, and sending the request message to the RAN by the second device specifically includes the following two methods:
  • the AF sends request messages to the RAN through the NEF, PCF, SMF, and AMF in sequence.
  • the AF sends a request message to the NEF for requesting to determine the change in the satellite backhaul link delay; after receiving the request message, the NEF sends a request message to the PCF for requesting to determine the change in the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • the PCF After receiving the request message, the PCF sends to the SMF a request message (such as, a policy control request trigger (Policy control request trigger, PCRT)) for requesting to determine the change in delay of the satellite backhaul link; the SMF receives After receiving the request message, send a request message to the AMF for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the request message, the AMF sends a request message to the RAN for requesting to determine the delay of the satellite backhaul link Change request message.
  • a request message such as, a policy control request trigger (Policy control request trigger, PCRT)
  • PCRT policy control request trigger
  • the AF sends request messages to the RAN through the NEF, UDM, SMF, and AMF in sequence.
  • the AF sends to the NEF a request message for requesting to determine the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the request message, the NEF sends a request message to the UDM for requesting to determine the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • Request message after receiving the request message, the UDM sends to the SMF a request message (such as PCRT) for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link; after the SMF receives the request message, it sends a request message to the AMF for requesting to determine The satellite backhaul link delay change request message; after receiving the request message, the AMF sends a request message to the RAN for requesting to determine the satellite backhaul link delay change request message.
  • PCRT a request message
  • the second device is a PCF network element, and sending the request message to the RAN by the second device specifically includes: the PCF sends the request message to the RAN through the SMF and the AMF in sequence.
  • the PCF sends to the SMF a request message (such as a policy control request trigger (PCRT)) for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the request message, the SMF sends a request message to the AMF Sending a request message for requesting to determine the change in delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the request message, the AMF sends a request message for requesting to determine the change in delay of the satellite backhaul link to the RAN.
  • a request message such as a policy control request trigger (PCRT)
  • PCT policy control request trigger
  • the RAN determines according to the request message whether the time delay for the second device to acquire the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the RAN may report to the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes through a notification message.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the RAN determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the RAN sends a notification message to the second device, or the RAN sends a notification message to the second device.
  • the notification message is used to notify the satellite that the time delay of the backhaul link changes. Refer to the above step S420.
  • the changed delay of the satellite backhaul link may further be acquired, and the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the RAN determines whether it is necessary to estimate the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • this embodiment mainly considers the case where the RAN determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link needs to be estimated.
  • the RAN determines that it is necessary to estimate (or calculate, measure) the satellite return delay.
  • the acquisition and reporting process of the delay of the subsequent satellite backhaul link includes the following methods:
  • Method 1 UPF measures and reports the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the RAN sends at least one delay measurement request to the UPF, or the UPF receives at least one delay measurement request from the RAN.
  • the at least one delay measurement request is respectively used to request the UPF to determine at least one delay.
  • the delay measurement request includes second indication information, the second indication information is used to indicate the moment when the delay measurement request is sent, and the at least one delay is used to determine the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • the second indication information is a time stamp, which identifies the moment when the delay measurement request is sent.
  • the delay measurement request is a newly added message between the RAN and the UPF for requesting the UPF to determine the delay.
  • the delay measurement request may be carried in an existing message between the RAN and the UPF (for example, carried in the PDU session data).
  • the specific form of the delay measurement request is not limited in this embodiment of the present application, and may be any message that can be used to request the UPF to determine the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the UPF measures the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the RAN sends a delay measurement request to the UPF, where the delay measurement request is used to request the UPF to determine a delay, which is the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the UPF After the UPF receives the delay measurement request, it measures the delay based on the receiving time of the delay measurement request and the sending time of the delay measurement request, which is the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the RAN sends multiple delay measurement requests to the UPF, and the multiple delay measurement requests are respectively used to request the UPF to determine multiple delays, and the multiple delays are used to determine satellite backhaul chain road delay.
  • the UPF after the UPF receives multiple delay measurement requests, it measures multiple delays based on the receiving time and sending time of the multiple delay measurement requests respectively, and uses the average or maximum value of the multiple delays as the satellite response transmission link delay.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the UPF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the second device, or the second device receives the time delay of the satellite backhaul link from the UPF.
  • the UPF sends the satellite backhaul link delay to the SMF based on the configuration information or the request of the SMF.
  • the time delay of the satellite backhaul link is carried in a notification message, and the notification message is used to respond to the above-mentioned request message to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and optionally the notification message Also includes changed Guard The delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is an AF network element
  • the time delay for the UPF to send the satellite backhaul link to the second device specifically includes the following two methods:
  • the UPF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the SMF, the PCF, and the NEF in sequence.
  • the UPF sends a notification message to the SMF to notify the second device that the time delay of the backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the SMF sends a notification message to the PCF with A notification message for notifying the second device that the delay of the backhaul link has changed, the notification message carries the delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the PCF sends a notification message to the NEF for notifying the second device of the backhaul link A notification message of a change in link delay, which carries the delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the NEF sends a message to the AF to notify the second device that the delay of the backhaul link has changed The notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the UPF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the SMF and the NEF in sequence.
  • the UPF sends a notification message to the SMF to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the SMF sends the notification message to the NEF A notification message for notifying the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the NEF sends a notification message to the AF to notify the second device A notification message for a change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link, where the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is a PCF network element
  • the time delay for the UPF to send the satellite backhaul link to the second device specifically includes: the time delay for the UPF to send the satellite backhaul link to the PCF through the SMF.
  • the UPF sends a notification message to the SMF to notify the second device that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the SMF sends the notification message to the PCF A notification message used to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device may determine an execution strategy based on the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the second device determines an execution policy.
  • Method 2 The RAN estimates and reports the delay of the backhaul link.
  • the RAN estimates the time delay of the backhaul link.
  • the RAN may report the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the second device through the AMF after estimating and obtaining the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the RAN sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the second device, or the second device receives the time delay of the satellite backhaul link from the RAN.
  • the time delay of the satellite backhaul link is carried in a notification message, and the notification message is used to respond to the above-mentioned request message to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and optionally the notification message It also includes the changed delay of the satellite backhaul link (for example, the above-mentioned second delay).
  • the second device is an AF network element
  • the time delay for the RAN to send the satellite backhaul link to the second device specifically includes the following two methods:
  • the RAN sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the AMF, the SMF, the PCF, and the NEF in sequence.
  • the RAN sends a notification message to the AMF for notifying the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link;
  • the AMF sends a notification message to the SMF for notifying the second device A notification message of a change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link, the notification message carrying the time delay of the satellite backhaul link;
  • the SMF sends a notification message for notifying the second device of the satellite backhaul link to the PCF A notification message of a change in delay, the notification message carrying the delay of the satellite backhaul link;
  • the PCF sends a notification to the NEF to notify the second device that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed message, the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after the NEF receives the notification message, it sends a notification message to the AF to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed,
  • the RAN sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the AMF and the NEF in sequence.
  • the RAN sends a notification message to the AMF to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the AMF sends the notification message to the NEF A notification message for notifying the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the NEF sends a notification message to the AF to notify the second device A notification message for a change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link, where the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is a PCF network element
  • the delay for the RAN to send the satellite backhaul link to the second device specifically includes: the delay for the RAN to send the satellite backhaul link to the PCF through the AMF and SMF .
  • the RAN sends a notification message to the AMF for notifying the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link;
  • the AMF sends a notification message to the SMF for notifying the second device A notification message of a change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link, the notification message carrying the time delay of the satellite backhaul link;
  • the SMF sends a notification message for notifying the second device of the satellite backhaul link to the PCF A notification message of a delay change, the notification message carrying the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device may determine the time delay based on the satellite backhaul link. Determine the implementation strategy, the method process shown in Figure 5 also includes:
  • the second device determines an execution policy.
  • Method 3 AMF estimates and reports the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the RAN sends a delay estimation request to the AMF, or the AMF receives the delay estimation request from the RAN.
  • the delay estimation request is used to request the AMF to estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the delay estimation request can be understood as a trigger message, which is used to trigger the AMF to estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the AMF estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the AMF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the second device, or the second device receives the time delay of the satellite backhaul link from the AMF.
  • the time delay of the satellite backhaul link is carried in the notification message (for example, the notification message in the above step S512 includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link), and the notification message is used to respond to the above request message,
  • the second device is notified that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and optionally the notification message further includes the changed time delay of the backhaul link.
  • the second device is an AF network element
  • the time delay for the AMF to send the satellite backhaul link to the second device specifically includes the following two methods:
  • the AMF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the SMF, the PCF, and the NEF in sequence.
  • the AMF sends a notification message to the SMF to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the SMF sends the notification message to the PCF A notification message for notifying the second device that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the PCF sends a notification message to the NEF for notifying the second device A notification message of a change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link, the notification message carrying the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the NEF sends a notification message to the AF for notifying the second device of the satellite backhaul link A notification message of a delay change, the notification message carrying the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the AMF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the NEF.
  • the AMF after receiving the notification message, the AMF sends a notification message to the NEF to notify the second device that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the delay of the satellite backhaul link; the NEF receives the notification After the message, a notification message for notifying the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed is sent to the AF, where the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is a PCF network element
  • the AMF sends satellite feedback to the second device
  • the delay of the link specifically includes: the delay of sending the satellite backhaul link from the AMF to the PCF through the SMF.
  • the AMF sends a notification message to the SMF to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the notification message, the SMF sends the notification message to the PCF A notification message used to notify the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, and the notification message carries the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device may determine an execution strategy based on the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 5 also includes:
  • the second device determines an execution policy.
  • the above describes in detail how the RAN determines that it needs to estimate the delay of the backhaul link in the subscription process in conjunction with FIG. 5 .
  • the following describes in conjunction with FIG. 6 that the RAN determines that it needs to estimate the delay of the backhaul link in the session establishment process.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link (for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the first network element is the RAN
  • the second device is the PCF and/or AF
  • the session management process is the session establishment process as an example for illustration.
  • the UE sends a session establishment request message to the RAN, or the RAN receives the session establishment request message from the UE.
  • the session establishment request message is used to request establishment of a PDU session.
  • the RAN can trigger reporting of constellation information after receiving the session establishment request message.
  • the following is an example of determining the need to estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 6 may also include:
  • the RAN determines whether it is necessary to estimate the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the acquisition and reporting process of the delay of the subsequent satellite backhaul link includes the following methods:
  • Method 1 The RAN estimates and the satellite reports the delay of the backhaul link.
  • the RAN estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the time delay of the satellite backhaul link may be reported to the second device through the subsequent process of establishing the session.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 6 also includes:
  • the RAN sends a session establishment request message to the AMF, or the AMF receives the session establishment request message from the RAN Request a message immediately.
  • the session establishment request message includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the session establishment request message may also carry other information elements (such as information that can uniquely identify the RAN and constellation information), and it should be noted that other information elements are sent to the AMF along with the session establishment request message, which may be Outside of a session establishment request message.
  • information elements such as information that can uniquely identify the RAN and constellation information
  • the session establishment request message sent by the RAN to the AMF correspondingly also includes the constellation information.
  • the AMF sends a PDU session management context creation request message to the SMF, or the SMF receives the PDU session management context creation request message from the AMF.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message also includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message also includes the constellation information.
  • the SMF sends a session policy control creation or update message to the PCF, or the PCF receives the session policy control creation or update message from the SMF.
  • the session policy control creation or update message also includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the PCF initiates session release when it finds that the delay of the backhaul link is too large to meet the QoS requirement of the session.
  • the session policy control creation or update message also includes the constellation information.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 6 also includes:
  • the PCF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF, or the AF receives the time delay of the satellite backhaul link from the PCF.
  • AF performs application layer coding or transport layer algorithm adjustment based on the delay of the backhaul link, such as performing coding compensation when the delay is relatively large, so as to ensure user experience.
  • the PCF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the NEF.
  • the PCF may also send the constellation information to the AF.
  • Method 2 AMF estimates and reports the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the RAN sends a session establishment request message to the AMF, or the AMF receives the session establishment request message from the RAN.
  • the session establishment request message sent by the RAN to the AMF also includes the constellation information.
  • the AMF receives the session establishment request message, it can trigger to estimate the delay of the satellite return link.
  • the method process shown in Figure 6 also includes:
  • the AMF estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 6 also includes:
  • the AMF sends a PDU session management context creation request message to the SMF, or the SMF receives the PDU session management context creation request message from the AMF.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message also includes the constellation information.
  • the SMF sends a session policy control creation or update message to the PCF, or the PCF receives the session policy control creation or update message from the SMF.
  • the session policy controls the latency of creating or updating messages including satellite backhaul links.
  • the session policy control creation or update message also includes the constellation information.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 6 also includes:
  • the PCF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF, or the AF receives the time delay of the satellite backhaul link from the PCF.
  • the PCF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the NEF.
  • the PCF may also send the constellation information to the AF.
  • step S423 it should be understood that, in the case that the PCF and/or AF receive the constellation information, it can be determined according to the constellation information whether to send a request message for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, and the specific process can refer to the above-mentioned Figure 4 The description of step S423 will not be repeated here.
  • the session establishment process also includes other steps, which are not shown in FIG. 6 , and reference can be made to the description of the current session establishment process, which will not be repeated here.
  • the SMF acquires the subscription data of the terminal equipment from the UDM and subscribes to the subscription data, the SMF selects the UPF, and sends the N4 session establishment request, etc.
  • the SMF obtains the subscription data of the terminal device from the UDM to subsequently establish a session suitable for the terminal device, and subscribes to obtain updated data even when the data is updated.
  • FIG. 7 is a process for AMF to determine the need to estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link based on the subscription process;
  • FIG. 7 is a process for the AMF to determine the need to estimate the delay of the satellite backhaul link based on the session establishment process.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link (for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the first device is an AMF or SMF
  • the second device is a PCF and/or AF
  • the session management process is a session establishment process as an example for description.
  • the first device is an access and mobility management functional network element.
  • the access and mobility management functional network element may be an AMF, or other network elements capable of implementing access and mobility management functions.
  • the first device is a network element with a session management function.
  • the network element with the session management function may be an SMF, or other network elements capable of implementing the session management function.
  • Figure 7 includes the following steps:
  • the UE establishes a PDU session.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 7 also includes:
  • the first device receives the request message from the second device, or the second device sends the request message to the first device.
  • the request message is used to request to determine the variation of the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • the second device may also determine whether to send the request message according to the constellation information. Refer to the description of step S423 in FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the request message can be understood as a subscription message
  • the subscription message is used to subscribe to the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, that is to say, when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, the second device It is hoped to receive a notification message to notify that the delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed.
  • the notification message also includes the changed delay of the satellite backhaul link, so that the second device can The delay of the road determines the execution strategy.
  • the second device is an AF network element
  • the first device is an AMF
  • the second device sends a request message to the first device specifically including the following two methods:
  • the AF sends a request message to the AMF through the NEF, the PCF, and the SMF in turn.
  • the AF sends a request message to the NEF for requesting to determine the change in the satellite backhaul link delay; after receiving the request message, the NEF sends a request message to the PCF for requesting to determine the change in the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • Request message After receiving the request message, the PCF sends to the SMF a request message (such as, a policy control request trigger (Policy control request trigger, PCRT)) for requesting to determine the change in delay of the satellite backhaul link; the SMF receives After receiving the request message, send a request message to the AMF for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link.
  • Policy control request trigger Policy control request trigger
  • the AF sends request messages to the AMF through the NEF and the UDM in turn.
  • the AF sends to the NEF a request message for requesting to determine the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the request message, the NEF sends a request message to the UDM for requesting to determine the change in the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • a request message after receiving the request message, the UDM sends a request message to the AMF for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the second device is a PCF network element
  • the first device is an AMF
  • sending the request message from the second device to the first device specifically includes: the PCF sends the request message to the AMF through the SMF in turn.
  • the PCF sends to the SMF a request message (such as a policy control request trigger (PCRT)) for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link; after receiving the request message, the SMF sends a request message to the AMF Sending a request message for requesting to determine the change of the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • a request message such as a policy control request trigger (PCRT)
  • PCT policy control request trigger
  • the second device is an AF network element
  • the first device is an SMF
  • the request message sent by the second device to the first device specifically includes:
  • the AF sends a request message to the NEF for requesting to determine the change in the satellite backhaul link delay; after receiving the request message, the NEF sends a request message to the PCF for requesting to determine the change in the satellite backhaul link delay.
  • Request message After receiving the request message, the PCF sends to the SMF a request message (such as a policy control request trigger (PCRT)) for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link.
  • PCT policy control request trigger
  • the second device is a PCF network element
  • the first device is an SMF
  • the request message sent by the second device to the first device specifically includes:
  • the PCF sends a request message (for example, a policy control request trigger (Policy control request trigger, PCRT)) for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link to the SMF.
  • a request message for example, a policy control request trigger (Policy control request trigger, PCRT)
  • PCRT Policy control request trigger
  • the first device determines according to the request message whether the time delay for the second device to acquire the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the first device may report to the second device that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes through a notification message, and the method flow shown in FIG. 7 also includes :
  • the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the first device sends a notification message to the second device, or the second device receives the notification message from the first device.
  • the notification message is used to notify the satellite that the time delay of the backhaul link changes. Refer to the above step S420.
  • the changed time delay of the backhaul link may further be obtained, and the method flow shown in FIG. 7 also includes:
  • the first device determines whether it is necessary to estimate the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • this embodiment mainly considers the case where the first device determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link needs to be estimated.
  • the first device determines that it is necessary to estimate (or calculate, measure) the satellite return delay.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 7 also includes:
  • the first device estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the first device estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link
  • it may report the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the second device, and the method flow shown in FIG. 7 also includes:
  • the first device sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the second device, or the second device receives The delay of the satellite backhaul link of the device.
  • the notification message in the above step S712 also includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link. Specifically, refer to the description of S552 above, and details are not repeated here.
  • the second device may determine an execution strategy based on the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 7 also includes:
  • the second device determines an execution policy.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method is applied to a system in which an access network device communicates with a core network device through a satellite backhaul link (for example, the communication system shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • the first network element is an AMF or SMF
  • the second device is a PCF and/or AF
  • the session management process is a session establishment process as an example for description.
  • Figure 8 includes the following steps:
  • the UE sends a session establishment request message to the RAN, or the RAN receives the session establishment request message from the UE.
  • the session establishment request message is used to request establishment of a PDU session.
  • the RAN sends a session establishment request message to the AMF, or the AMF receives the session establishment request message from the RAN.
  • the AMF can trigger reporting of constellation information after receiving the session establishment request message.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 8 may also include:
  • the AMF determines whether it is necessary to estimate the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 8 also includes:
  • the AMF estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the method flow shown in FIG. 8 also includes:
  • the AMF sends a PDU session management context creation request message to the SMF, or the SMF receives the PDU session management context creation request message from the AMF.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message includes the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the PDU session management context creation request message also includes the constellation information.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 8 also includes:
  • the SMF estimates the time delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the SMF sends a session policy control creation or update message to the PCF, or the PCF receives the session policy control creation or update message from the SMF.
  • the session policy controls the latency of creating or updating messages including satellite backhaul links.
  • the session policy control creation or update message also includes the constellation information.
  • the PCF initiates session release when it finds that the delay of the backhaul link is too large to meet the QoS requirement of the session.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 8 also includes:
  • the PCF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF, or the AF receives the time delay of the satellite backhaul link from the PCF.
  • AF performs application layer coding or transport layer algorithm adjustment based on the delay of the backhaul link, such as performing coding compensation when the delay is relatively large, so as to ensure user experience.
  • the PCF sends the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the AF through the NEF.
  • the PCF may also send the constellation information to the AF.
  • step S423 it should be understood that, in the case that the PCF and/or AF receive the constellation information, it can be determined according to the constellation information whether to send a request message for requesting to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link, and the specific process can refer to the above-mentioned Figure 4 The description of step S423 will not be repeated here.
  • the session establishment process also includes other steps, which are not shown in FIG. 8 , and reference can be made to the description of the current session establishment process, which will not be repeated here.
  • the SMF obtains and subscribes to the subscription data from the UDM, the SMF selects the UPF, and sends the N4 session establishment request, etc.
  • estimating and reporting the delay of the satellite backhaul link during the establishment of the PDU session can be understood as determining the initial delay of the satellite backhaul link, and the initial delay Subject to change (eg, changes to the link itself).
  • the satellite return delay may change after the PDU session is established.
  • the method flow shown in Figure 5 and Figure 7 is to subscribe to the delay change of the satellite return link after the PDU session is established. In order to continuously obtain the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 can be combined, that is, a delay is reported during the session establishment process, and a delay is also reported during the subscription process after the session is established.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 may be combined, that is, a time delay is reported during the session establishment process, and a time delay is also reported during the subscription process after the session establishment.
  • the equipment in the existing network architecture is used as an example for illustration (such as network equipment, terminal equipment, etc.). Examples are not limited. For example, devices that can implement the same function in the future are applicable to this embodiment of the application.
  • the methods and operations implemented by devices may also be implemented by components of the devices (such as chips or circuits).
  • each network element includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module for performing each function.
  • the embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the transmitting end device or the receiving end device according to the above method example, for example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module middle.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. In the following, description will be made by taking the division of each functional module corresponding to each function as an example.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 900 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 900 includes a transceiver unit 910 and a processing unit 920 .
  • the transceiver unit 910 can implement a corresponding communication function, and the processing unit 920 is used for data processing.
  • the transceiver unit 910 may also be called a communication interface or a communication unit, and when the transceiver unit 910 realizes the function of acquiring information, it may also be called an acquisition unit.
  • the device 900 may further include a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 920 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the device implements the aforementioned method embodiments .
  • a storage unit which may be used to store instructions and/or data
  • the processing unit 920 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the device implements the aforementioned method embodiments .
  • the apparatus 900 can be used to execute the actions performed by the devices in the above method embodiments (such as the above-mentioned core network elements, access network equipment, terminal equipment, etc.), at this time, the apparatus 900 can be a device or can be configured in The components of the device, the transceiving unit 910 is used to perform operations related to the sending and receiving of the device in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 920 is used to perform operations related to device processing in the above method embodiments.
  • the apparatus 900 is configured to execute actions performed by the first device (access network device, mobility management network element, or session management network element) in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 920 is configured to determine that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link has changed according to the satellite operation and control information;
  • the transceiver unit 910 is configured to send a notification message to the second device, the notification message is used to notify the satellite that the backhaul link delay has changed, and the satellite operation and control information includes: the coverage position of the satellite at different times, the constellation topology and At least one of the ephemeris information of the satellite and the indication information of the time when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes, wherein the first device includes the access network device, mobility management network element or session management network element , the second device includes a policy control network element or an application function network element.
  • the processing unit 920 determines that the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, including: determining at the processing unit 920 that the constellation type corresponding to the satellite backhaul link includes a low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation or a medium-orbit constellation. In the case of an orbiting satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, the processing unit 920 determines that the time delay of the satellite return link changes according to the satellite operation and control information.
  • the transceiver unit 910 is further configured to receive a request message from the second device, where the request message is used to request Determine the delay variation of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the transceiver unit 910 is further configured to send constellation information to the second device, where the constellation information is used by the second device to determine whether to send the request message, wherein the constellation information includes The information of the constellation type corresponding to the channel, the constellation type corresponding to the satellite return link includes at least one of the following constellations: low-orbit satellite LEO polar orbit constellation, medium-orbit satellite MEO polar orbit constellation, LEO inclined orbit constellation, or MEO inclined orbit constellation.
  • the processing unit 920 is further configured to estimate the satellite return link delay according to the satellite operation and control information, the notification message includes the satellite return link delay, and the satellite return link delay includes The time delay when the session management request is received, and/or the time delay when the time delay of the satellite backhaul link changes.
  • the processing unit 920 determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, including: the processing unit 920 determines that the forwarding path of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information. At least one of seam departure and reverse seam transit; the notification message includes information indicating that the forwarding path has changed, information indicating that the reverse seam departs, information indicating that the reverse seam transits, indicating that the reverse seam At least one of the information on the duration of the departure of the forward seam, or the information indicating the duration of the crossing of the reverse seam.
  • the processing unit 920 determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, including: the processing unit 920 determines the moment when the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information; 920 determines the duration of the timer according to the moment; the sending and receiving unit 910 sends a notification message, including: when the timer expires, the sending and receiving unit 910 sends a notification message.
  • the processing unit 920 determines that the delay of the satellite backhaul link changes according to the satellite operation and control information, including: the processing unit 920 determines that the satellite backhaul link delay is changed according to the satellite operation and control information between the access network device and the core network device.
  • the backhaul link delay changes.
  • the apparatus 900 may implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the first device in the method embodiment according to the embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus 900 may include a unit for executing the method executed by the first device in the method embodiment. Moreover, each unit in the apparatus 900 and other operations and/or functions described above are respectively for realizing the corresponding process of the method embodiment in the first device in the method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S410, S424, S422, S421 and S420; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing in the method Steps, such as steps S410 and S425.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S510, S530 and S532; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S520 and S531.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S610, S640 and S631; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S620 and S630.
  • the transceiving unit 910 can be used to perform the transceiving steps in the method, such as steps S710 and S740; the processing unit 920 can be used to perform the processing steps in the method, such as steps S720 and S730.
  • the transceiving unit 910 can be used to perform the transceiving steps in the method, such as steps S820 and S850; the processing unit 920 can be used to perform the processing steps in the method, such as steps S830 and S840.
  • the apparatus 900 is configured to perform the actions performed by the second device in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 910 is configured to receive a notification message from the first device, the notification message is used to notify the satellite backhaul link that the time delay has changed; the processing unit 920 is used to determine the time delay of the satellite backhaul link according to the change in the time delay of the satellite backhaul link Executing a policy, wherein the device includes a policy control network element and an application function network element, and the first device includes the access network device, a mobility management network element, or a session management network element.
  • the transceiving unit 910 is configured to send a request message to the first device, where the request message is used to request to determine the delay change of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the transceiving unit 910 is configured to receive constellation information from the first device; the processing unit 920 is configured to determine to send the request message according to the constellation information.
  • the apparatus 900 may implement the steps or procedures corresponding to the second device in the method embodiment according to the embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus 900 may include a unit for executing the method in the method embodiment performed by the second device. Moreover, each unit in the apparatus 900 and other operations and/or functions described above are respectively for realizing the corresponding process of the method embodiment in the second device in the method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S422, S421 and S420; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S423 and S440.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S510, S550, S551 and S552; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as the steps S560, S561 and S562.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S660 , S670 , S661 and S671 .
  • the transceiving unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiving steps in the method, such as steps S710 and S740; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S750.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the transceiver steps in the method, such as steps S860 and S870.
  • the apparatus 900 is configured to perform the actions performed by the user plane network element in the above method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 910 is configured to receive at least one delay measurement request from the access network device; the processing unit 920 is configured to respectively determine at least one delay according to the at least one delay measurement request, wherein the delay measurement request includes It includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to indicate the moment when the delay measurement request is sent, and the at least one delay is used to determine the delay of the satellite backhaul link.
  • the transceiver unit 910 is configured to send the time delay of the satellite backhaul link to the session management network element.
  • the apparatus 900 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the user plane network element in the method embodiment according to the embodiment of the present application, and the apparatus 900 can include a unit for executing the method executed by the user plane network element in the method embodiment . Moreover, each unit in the apparatus 900 and other operations and/or functions mentioned above are respectively for realizing the corresponding procedures of the method embodiment in the user plane network element in the method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 910 can be used to execute the receiving sending steps, such as steps S530 and S550; the processing unit 920 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S540.
  • the processing unit 920 in the above embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuits.
  • the transceiver unit 910 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuits.
  • the storage unit can be realized by at least one memory.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device 1000 .
  • the apparatus 1000 includes a processor 1010 and may further include one or more memories 1020 .
  • the processor 1010 is coupled with the memory 1020, and the memory 1020 is used to store computer programs or instructions and/or data, and the processor 1010 is used to execute the computer programs or instructions and/or data stored in the memory 1020, so that the methods in the above method embodiments be executed.
  • the apparatus 1000 includes one or more processors 1010 .
  • the memory 1020 may be integrated with the processor 1010, or set separately.
  • the apparatus 1000 may further include a transceiver 1030, and the transceiver 1030 is used for receiving and/or sending signals.
  • the processor 1010 is configured to control the transceiver 1030 to receive and/or send signals.
  • the apparatus 1000 is used to implement operations performed by devices (such as the above-mentioned network elements of the core network, access network devices, terminal devices, etc.) in the above method embodiments.
  • devices such as the above-mentioned network elements of the core network, access network devices, terminal devices, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which is stored a computer for implementing the method performed by the device (such as each core network element, access network device, terminal device, etc.) in the above method embodiment instruction.
  • the computer program when executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method performed by the network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to implement the devices in the above method embodiments (such as the above-mentioned core network elements, access network devices, terminal devices, etc.) method of execution.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the devices in the above embodiments (such as the above-mentioned network elements of the core network, access network devices, terminal devices, etc.).
  • processors mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits ( application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory and/or a nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM).
  • RAM random access memory
  • RAM can be used as an external cache.
  • RAM may include the following forms: static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM) , double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM) .
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components
  • the memory storage module may be integrated in the processor.
  • memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.
  • the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to implement the solutions provided in this application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wired (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD), etc.
  • the aforementioned available medium may include But not limited to: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente demande concernent un procédé et un appareil de communication. Le procédé est appliqué à un système dans lequel un dispositif de réseau d'accès communique avec un dispositif de réseau central au moyen d'une liaison de raccordement de satellite, et comprend les étapes suivantes : un premier dispositif détermine, selon des informations d'exploitation et de commande de satellite, un changement de retard temporel de la liaison de raccordement de satellite, et envoie à un second dispositif un message de notification utilisé pour notifier le changement de retard temporel de la liaison de raccordement de satellite, les informations d'exploitation et de commande de satellite comprenant les positions de couverture d'un satellite à différents instants et/ou une structure topologique de constellation et/ou des informations d'éphémérides du satellite et/ou des informations d'indication d'instant du changement de retard temporel de la liaison de raccordement de satellite, le premier dispositif comprenant un dispositif de réseau d'accès, un élément de réseau de gestion de mobilité ou un élément de réseau de gestion de session, et le second dispositif comprenant un élément de réseau commande de politique ou un élément de réseau de fonction d'application. Par le biais du rapport du changement de retard temporel de la liaison de raccordement de satellite, le second dispositif peut connaître à temps le changement de retard temporel de la liaison de raccordement de satellite.
PCT/CN2023/074799 2022-02-23 2023-02-07 Procédé et appareil de communication Ceased WO2023160381A1 (fr)

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CN202210166349.7 2022-02-23
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CN202210316830.XA CN116684919A (zh) 2022-02-23 2022-03-29 通信方法和装置

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