WO2023149488A1 - 分散組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
分散組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023149488A1 WO2023149488A1 PCT/JP2023/003286 JP2023003286W WO2023149488A1 WO 2023149488 A1 WO2023149488 A1 WO 2023149488A1 JP 2023003286 W JP2023003286 W JP 2023003286W WO 2023149488 A1 WO2023149488 A1 WO 2023149488A1
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- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- material composition
- liquid medium
- dispersion
- cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/60—Safety arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/7176—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pumps
- B01F35/717613—Piston pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F2035/98—Cooling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a dispersion composition.
- Methods for dispersing dispersoids in a non-aqueous dispersion medium include stirrers, ball mill dispersers, bead mill dispersers, ultrasonic dispersers, single-screw kneaders, multi-screw kneaders, roll mill dispersers, and high-pressure homogenizers. .
- a bead mill disperser is widely used from the viewpoint of dispersion efficiency.
- the bead mill has the advantage of finely dispersing the dispersoids by applying an impact to the dispersoids. properties may be degraded.
- a high-pressure homogenizer can uniformly disperse a processing liquid by a method of discharging the processing liquid from a nozzle, a method of passing the processing liquid through a homogenization valve, or the like. Since the treatment liquid is supplied at high pressure to increase the dispersion efficiency, the dispersoids can be finely dispersed by shear force and collision between the treatment liquids, collision with the wall surface of the homogenization valve, and the like.
- the valve-type high-pressure homogenizer can increase the flow rate of the treatment liquid and eliminates the need for nozzles that cause clogging. ing.
- Dairy products and the like have a low solid content and are water-based, so they have little effect on the components of the dispersing device.
- the packing of the high-pressure pump or the like deteriorates and the treatment liquid leaks out, it can be recovered and easily treated because it is a water-based treatment liquid.
- Some high-pressure pumps are equipped with a cooling mechanism using cooling water because high pressure is applied to them and heat is generated. Even if the water-based treatment liquid leaks from the high-pressure pump, it is recovered together with the cooling water, so there is little problem.
- high-pressure homogenizers have also been used as solvent-based dispersing devices for inks and the like, and particularly used as solvent-based dispersing devices for carbon materials including carbon nanotubes.
- Solvent-based treatment liquids tend to act on the packing of high-pressure pumps and the like, and deterioration of the packing shortens the time required to replace the packing, which may reduce work efficiency. Furthermore, there is also the problem of increased solvent leakage from the high-pressure pump due to deterioration of the packing.
- Patent Document 1 the organic solvent is removed from a mixture containing water and an organic solvent solution of a polymer, and the desolvated product is subjected to dispersion treatment to produce an aqueous dispersion of pigment-containing polymer particles.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method in which a coarse dispersion containing carbon nanotubes and a solvent is stored in a tank, and the coarse dispersion is sent to a dispersing device by a high-pressure pump for dispersion treatment. Cooling the liquid prevents the formation of bubbles in the dispersion, and reducing the back pressure of the dispersion in multiple stages prevents the formation of bubbles in the dispersion when the atmospheric pressure is released. It has been proposed to prevent and enhance the dispersibility of carbon nanotubes.
- the non-aqueous dispersion medium is mixed with the dispersoid in the waste liquid of the cooling water. , it becomes difficult to reuse or dispose of the cooling water as water. If water is mixed into a system in which the dispersion stability of dispersoids is maintained in a non-aqueous dispersion medium, the stability of the system may be lost, and the dispersoids may aggregate to form aggregates. Liquid leakage contains dispersoids as well as non-aqueous dispersion medium, so in order to reuse the cooling water, a process to remove solids by filtration, etc. is additionally provided, but aggregates are generated. , there is a problem that it is difficult to remove the solid content.
- the cooling efficiency of the high-pressure pump will decrease, and the components of the high-pressure pump may be exposed to high temperatures and deteriorate.
- sealing members such as packings of high-pressure pumps may deteriorate due to high temperatures, causing pressure loss in the high-pressure pumps. Deterioration of the packing causes a decrease in operating efficiency, shortening of replacement period, etc., and is a factor in a decrease in productivity.
- Patent Document 1 the deterioration of the packing of the high-pressure homogenizer is prevented by previously removing the organic solvent contained in the aqueous dispersion of the pigment-containing polymer particles. Problems that cause deterioration are not resolved.
- Patent Document 2 a coarse dispersion is supplied to a high-pressure homogenizer by a high-pressure pump, and attention is focused on improving dispersibility by cooling the dispersion after being dispersed by the high-pressure homogenizer to prevent the generation of air bubbles.
- no consideration has been given to the reduction in productivity due to the high temperature of the high-pressure pump.
- the pressurization mechanism of the high-pressure homogenizer applies pressure to the processing liquid in the cylinder with a plunger, and supplies the high-pressure processing liquid to the dispersing part consisting of a nozzle or a homogenization valve. Since frictional heat is generated on the sliding surface with the plunger, there is a method of cooling the plunger to prevent deterioration of the seal member. Furthermore, since the plunger reciprocates within the cylinder, the processing liquid tends to leak as the plunger reciprocates, and the above problem may occur when the processing liquid is a non-aqueous dispersion medium.
- One object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in the cooling efficiency of the plunger portion, enhance the dispersibility of the dispersion composition, and improve productivity.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies with the aim of solving the above problems, and found that in the step of applying the cooling liquid medium to the plunger portion, the cooling liquid medium has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more in a predetermined aggregation test. Since the liquid medium has 0 to 50 particles, it has a high affinity with the raw material composition as a cooling liquid medium for cooling the plunger part in the method for producing a dispersion composition containing a non-aqueous dispersion medium. By selecting the liquid medium, even if the raw material composition leaks from the cylinder portion and comes into contact with the cooling liquid medium, it is possible to suppress the generation of aggregates due to dispersoids, dispersants, and the like.
- the cooling liquid medium when the cooling liquid medium is reused and circulated, it is possible to prevent a decrease in cooling efficiency, prevent deterioration of sealing members such as packing, extend the life of the sealing members, and enable long-term operation. do. Also, the replacement period of the seal member is lengthened, and workability can be improved. In addition, it is possible to suppress a decrease in pressure loss due to deterioration of the sealing member, supply the processing liquid at high pressure from the high-pressure pump to the dispersion mechanism, and improve the dispersibility of the dispersion composition.
- the present invention includes the following embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following.
- ⁇ 1> A dispersing mechanism that disperses a raw material composition, a supply mechanism that includes a plunger portion and supplies the raw material composition to the dispersing mechanism, and a cooling mechanism that cools the plunger portion using a cooling liquid medium.
- the raw material composition contains a non-aqueous dispersion medium and dispersoids, and the cooling liquid medium has zero particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the aggregation test described below.
- the same composition as the raw material composition is dispersed with a bead mill or a high-pressure homogenizer, and a test dispersion having a particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m is prepared with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m).
- a test sample is prepared by mixing the liquid and the cooling liquid medium at a mass ratio of 1:1, and the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the test sample is confirmed with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m).
- ⁇ 2> The method for producing a dispersion composition according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the non-aqueous dispersion medium of the raw material composition and the liquid medium for cooling contain the same liquid medium.
- ⁇ 3> The dispersion composition according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the leakage rate of the raw material composition from the supply mechanism represented by the following formula (1) is 0.2% or less per 100 hours of operation time.
- Leakage rate (%) (amount of raw material composition leaked from supply mechanism (L)/amount of raw material composition supplied (L)) x 100 (1)
- a dispersing mechanism that disperses a raw material composition, a supply mechanism that includes a plunger portion and supplies the raw material composition to the dispersing mechanism, and a cooling mechanism that cools the plunger portion using a cooling liquid medium.
- the raw material composition contains a dispersoid, a non-aqueous dispersion medium, and a dispersant
- the cooling liquid medium contains 5% by mass of the dispersant
- a dispersing mechanism for dispersing a raw material composition a supply mechanism including a plunger portion and supplying the raw material composition to the dispersing mechanism, and a cooling mechanism for cooling the plunger portion using a cooling liquid medium.
- the raw material composition contains a dispersoid, a non-aqueous dispersion medium, and a dispersant, and at 25 ° C.
- the cooling liquid medium is the raw material composition
- a method for producing a dispersion composition which is a liquid medium that dissolves 0.1% by mass or more of the dispersant contained in.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a high-pressure pump and a cooling mechanism of an example of a dispersion device
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a homogenizing valve of a dispersing section of an example of a dispersing device.
- a method for producing a dispersion composition which is an embodiment of the present invention, will be described in detail below.
- the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the present invention also includes embodiments carried out without changing the gist of the invention.
- the non-aqueous dispersion medium may further contain a dispersant.
- the dispersion composition includes a dispersion mechanism for dispersing the raw material composition, a supply mechanism for supplying the raw material composition to the dispersion mechanism, and a cooling mechanism for cooling the plunger using a cooling liquid medium.
- a raw material composition is a composition containing a mixture of raw materials for a dispersion composition.
- the raw material composition may be a composition in a mixed state, or a composition in a coarsely dispersed state after mixing.
- the high-pressure homogenizer can supply the raw material composition to the dispersing section at high pressure from the high-pressure pump by reciprocating movement of the plunger, and disperse the raw material composition in the dispersing section.
- the raw material composition can be injected at high pressure from a fine opening at the tip of the nozzle, and the dispersoids can be dispersed in the non-aqueous dispersion medium by collision and shearing force between the raw material compositions.
- the raw material composition is supplied to the homogenizing valve at high pressure, and the raw material composition collides with the wall surface of the homogenizing valve to give an impact to disperse the dispersoids in the non-aqueous dispersion medium.
- the method of performing dispersion treatment using a homogenizing valve can increase the flow rate of the raw material composition, avoid problems such as nozzle clogging, and is suitable for mass production.
- the pressure of the raw material composition when supplied to the dispersing section is preferably 10 to 150 MPa.
- the pressure of the raw material composition when supplied to the dispersing part is preferably 60 to 150 MPa, more preferably 80 to 150 MPa, and even more preferably 100 to 150 MPa in the usual range.
- the pressure of the raw material composition when supplied to the disperser is preferably 10 to 150 MPa, more preferably 40 to 150 MPa, and even more preferably 80 to 150 MPa in the usual range. .
- a bulb-type homogenizer and a nozzle-type homogenizer may be used together for dispersion, and from the viewpoint of adjusting the dispersion state, a bead mill or a high-shear mixer other than a high-pressure homogenizer may be used together for dispersion. good too.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example of a dispersing device.
- the dispersing device 100 includes a plunger 10 , a high pressure pump 20 , a dispersing section 30 and a cooling mechanism 40 .
- the raw material composition tank 50 is a container that stores the raw material composition to be supplied to the high-pressure pump 20 .
- the high-pressure pump 20 includes a supply port portion 22 to which the raw material composition is supplied from the raw material composition tank 50 and a discharge port portion 23 to which the raw material composition is discharged to the dispersing portion 30 .
- the high-pressure pump 20 includes a cylinder portion 21 that supports the plunger 10 in an axially reciprocating manner.
- the cylinder part 21 is preferably provided with a sealing mechanism so that the raw material composition and pressure from the high-pressure pump 20 do not leak out to the outside.
- the sealing mechanism includes a sealing member or the like that is arranged along the entire circumference of the inner circumference of the cylinder portion 21 in the circumferential direction.
- a gland packing which is an example of a sealing member, is composed of organic fibers such as aramid fibers, PTFE fibers, and carbonized fibers, inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers, and natural fibers such as ramie fibers, either alone or in combination.
- the plunger 10 has one end inserted into the high-pressure pump 20 and the other end extending outside the high-pressure pump 20 and supported by the cylinder portion 21 . It is preferable that the sliding surface between the plunger 10 and the cylinder portion 21 is slidably sealed to prevent leakage of the raw material composition from the high-pressure pump 20, and air from the high-pressure pump 20 to the outside is preferably prevented. It is preferred that no pressure loss is caused by the outflow of the As the plunger 10 reciprocates in the axial direction, the volume of the pressure chamber of the high-pressure pump 20 changes.
- the raw material composition is sucked from 22 , and the plunger 10 is pushed out to the high-pressure pump 20 to reduce the volume of the pressure chamber, and the raw material composition is discharged from the discharge port 23 of the high-pressure pump 20 .
- the supply port 22 and the discharge port 23 of the high-pressure pump 20 may each be provided with a valve to prevent backflow of the material composition.
- the raw material composition discharged from the high-pressure pump 20 is supplied to the dispersing section 30 at high pressure.
- the dispersing section 30 may be of a nozzle type or a valve type. Since the plunger 10 can be used to supply a large amount of the raw material composition to the dispersing section 30 under high pressure, the dispersing section 30 is preferably of a valve type, and more specifically a homogenization valve.
- a dispersion composition in which dispersoids are dispersed in a non-aqueous dispersion medium is obtained.
- the dispersed composition that has undergone dispersion processing can be recovered from the discharge port of the dispersion unit 30 to a dispersion composition tank through a pipe.
- the cooling mechanism 40 includes a cooling liquid medium tank 41 and a cooling section 42 .
- the cooling mechanism 40 includes a pipe 40 a for supplying the liquid medium from the cooling liquid medium tank 41 to the cooling section 42 and a pipe 40 b for discharging the liquid medium from the cooling section 42 .
- the pipe 40 b is connected to a collection container 43 , and the used liquid medium can be collected in the collection container 43 .
- the liquid medium collected in the collection container 43 may be filtered and the liquid medium from which the solid content has been removed may be recycled to the cooling liquid medium tank 41 through the pipe 40c for reuse.
- the cooling part 42 is a member that cools the plunger 10 that extends from the high-pressure pump 20 to the outside.
- the cooling part 42 is, for example, a member that surrounds the outer periphery of the plunger 10 extending to the outside of the high-pressure pump 20 and liquid-tightly covers the opening of the cylinder part 21 .
- the cooling liquid medium comes into direct contact with the openings of the plunger 10 and the cylinder section 21 to perform cooling.
- the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 10 is cooled, and the plunger 10 continues to reciprocate, so that the cooled outer peripheral surface portion of the plunger 10 enters the inside of the cylinder portion 21 of the high-pressure pump 20 and reaches the inside of the cylinder portion 21. Allow to cool.
- the cooling liquid medium is supplied to the cooling unit 42 from the cooling liquid medium tank 41 through the pipe 40a, and the cooling liquid medium is discharged from the cooling unit 42 to the collection container 43 through the pipe 40b.
- the cooling liquid medium discharged from the cooling unit 42 may be dropped into the collection container 43 or the receiving tray and collected without providing the pipe 40b from the cooling unit 42 to the collection container 43. good.
- the cooling liquid medium discharged from the cooling unit 42 may be returned to the cooling liquid medium tank 41 as it is without providing the collection container 43 .
- a cooling liquid medium supply port is provided at the top of the plunger extending from the high-pressure pump, and the cooling liquid medium is dropped directly onto the plunger for cooling. may be performed.
- the cooling liquid medium that drops after dripping onto the plunger can be recovered by a recovery container, a receiving pan, or the like.
- a cooling pipe for the cooling liquid medium may be arranged inside the cylinder portion.
- a cooling liquid medium is supplied to this cooling pipe, and the inside of the cylinder portion is cooled by the cooling pipe, thereby cooling the seal member arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion and the plunger sliding therewith.
- the cooling liquid medium supplied to the cooling pipe inside the cylinder portion is discharged from the opening of the cylinder portion.
- the cooling liquid medium discharged from the cooling pipe may be discharged to the cooling unit 42 described above, may be collected to the collection container 43 through a separate pipe, or may be directly dropped into the collection container 43 or the receiving tray. You can collect it.
- the cooling liquid medium directly contacts the plunger, so when the raw material composition leaks from the high-pressure pump through the cylinder portion, the raw material composition comes into contact with the cooling liquid medium. there is a possibility.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the high-pressure pump 20 and the cooling mechanism 40 of the dispersing device.
- the high-pressure pump 20 includes a cylinder portion 21, a gland packing 24 disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 21, and ball valves 22' and 23 disposed at the supply port portion 22 and the discharge port portion 23, respectively.
- the cooling mechanism 40 includes a cooling liquid medium tank 41 , a cooling section 42 , a pump 44 and a heat exchanger 45 .
- the plunger 10 is reciprocally movable, and is liquid-tightly slidably supported by a gland packing 24 in the cylinder portion 21 .
- the raw material composition is supplied to and discharged from the high-pressure pump 20 in the direction of the arrow in the figure.
- the cooling liquid medium is sent from a cooling liquid medium tank 41 by a pump 44 in the direction of the arrow in the drawing to fill the cooling section 42, and then the heated cooling liquid medium after cooling is cooled.
- the liquid is discharged from the upper portion of the portion 42, sent to the cooling liquid medium tank 41, and circulated.
- a heat exchanger 45 can be provided between the pipes from the cooling unit 42 to the cooling liquid medium tank 41 to cool the heated cooling liquid medium and then circulate it.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the homogenizing valve of the dispersing section 30.
- the homogenizing valve of the dispersing section 30 comprises a valve seat 31 , an impact ring 32 and a homo valve 33 .
- the raw material composition supplied from the high-pressure pump 20 is supplied to the homogenizing valve at high pressure in the direction of the arrow in the figure, finely dispersed, and then discharged from the outlet as shown.
- valve-type high-pressure homogenizer which is an example of a dispersing device
- "HC3 Series” manufactured by Sanmaru Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd., "HV-H Series” manufactured by Izumi Food Machinery Co., Ltd., "R-Model” manufactured by SPX Flow Co., etc. can be used.
- Another example of a dispersing device can be a nozzle type high pressure homogenizer.
- “Genus PY” manufactured by Genus, “Starburst” manufactured by Sugino Machine, “Nanomizer” manufactured by Nanomizer, etc. can be used, but the homogenizer is not limited to these.
- a nozzle-type high-pressure homogenizer comprises a pump and one or more nozzles, and there are various nozzle shapes for dispersion treatment.
- nozzles for example, there are a type in which raw materials are collided with each other under high pressure, a type in which high pressure raw materials are collided with ceramic balls or passed through slits and treated by the shear force, and a type in which cavitation is used by jets of high pressure raw materials. It is not limited.
- ⁇ Agglutination test> In the production of a dispersion composition containing a non-aqueous dispersion medium, when the liquid medium for cooling is water and leakage of the raw material composition occurs, the stability of the system of the dispersoid of the raw material composition and the non-aqueous dispersion medium is reduced. Mixing with water may cause dispersoids to aggregate and form aggregates. Furthermore, when the raw material composition contains a dispersoid together with a dispersoid, the stability of the system is likely to be disrupted by water, and aggregates are more likely to occur. These aggregates accumulate and clog the pipes and tanks for discharging the cooling liquid medium, reducing the cooling efficiency of the plunger and exposing the plunger and its surrounding members to high temperatures.
- sealing member It may cause deterioration of the sealing member. Deterioration of the sealing member causes pressure loss, lowers the pressure load of the plunger, lowers the pressure of the raw material composition supplied to the dispersing section, and may deteriorate the dispersibility.
- replacement work of the seal member is carried out after stopping the operation of the dispersing device and discharging the raw material composition, which lengthens the work time and causes a decrease in productivity. In particular, since gland packing is expensive, frequent replacement leads to a decrease in production efficiency.
- the cooling liquid medium is preferably a liquid medium in which the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more is 0 to 50 in the aggregation test described below.
- the same composition as the raw material composition is dispersed with a bead mill or a high-pressure homogenizer, and a test dispersion having a particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m is prepared with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m).
- the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the cooling liquid medium is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, still more preferably 10 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less in the aggregation test. More preferably, the cooling liquid medium has no particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the aggregation test, that is, no particles are observed.
- the same composition as the raw material composition is subjected to dispersion treatment, and the dispersion treatment is performed with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m) until the particle size becomes less than 10 ⁇ m.
- the dispersion treatment of the raw material composition may be carried out until the degree of dispersion reaches a particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m with a grindometer.
- a raw material composition with low cohesiveness may be prepared by roughly dispersing it in a bead mill, and a raw material composition with high cohesiveness may be finely dispersed using a high-pressure homogenizer.
- a grindometer with a groove depth of 0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m and a scale interval of 10 ⁇ m is used to measure the particle size of the test dispersion.
- a test sample is prepared by mixing a test sample and a cooling liquid medium at a mass ratio of 1:1 at 25°C.
- the mixing method the test sample and the cooling liquid medium may be mixed as a whole, and may be mixed using a stirring device.
- the stirring device it is preferable to use a rotation-revolution type stirring device because it can remove bubbles generated during mixing. For example, it is preferable to stir at 2000 rpm for 30 seconds using a rotation-revolution stirrer.
- the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the obtained test sample is confirmed at 25° C. with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m).
- a grindometer with a groove depth of 0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m and a scale interval of 10 ⁇ m is used to confirm the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the test sample. After preparation of the test sample, the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more is measured with a grindometer within 60 seconds. Aggregation test is performed under conditions of 25° C. and 1 atm.
- the cooling liquid medium may be a single-component liquid, or a combination of two or more liquids.
- the cooling liquid medium used in the aggregation test is a mixture of two or more liquids at the same mass ratio as the cooling liquid medium used in the dispersing device.
- the type of cooling liquid medium is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above aggregation test, but a non-aqueous liquid medium is preferred, and an organic solvent is more preferred. Specifically, it can be used by selecting from organic solvents for raw material compositions described below.
- the liquid medium for cooling is preferably a liquid medium that does not contain water as a main component.
- the cooling liquid medium preferably contains water in an amount of 10% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or less, and still more preferably substantially free of water.
- a non-aqueous liquid medium that has a high affinity for the raw material composition is selected to prevent the raw material composition from leaking from the cylinder. Even if it comes into contact with the cooling liquid medium, it is possible to suppress the generation of aggregates due to dispersoids, dispersants, and the like.
- the cooling liquid medium may be any medium as long as it satisfies the above aggregation test, but it is preferable that it satisfies the following conditions in addition to satisfying the aggregation test.
- the liquid medium for cooling is preferably the same as the non-aqueous dispersion medium of the raw material composition.
- the liquid medium for cooling may be a single component selected from the plurality of non-aqueous media of the raw material composition, or two or more components may be used.
- the mixing ratio of each component may be the same as or different from that of the non-aqueous dispersion medium of the raw material composition.
- the liquid medium for cooling is a liquid medium containing the plurality of non-aqueous dispersion media of the raw composition in the same mixing ratio.
- the leakage rate of the raw material composition from the supply mechanism represented by the following formula (1) is 0.2% or less per 100 hours of operation.
- Leakage rate (%) (amount of raw material composition leaked from supply mechanism (L)/amount of raw material composition supplied (L)) x 100 (1)
- the amount of raw material composition leaked from the supply mechanism is the amount of raw material composition that leaked from the supply mechanism to the cooling mechanism during 100 hours of operation, and the supply amount of the raw material composition is , is the total amount discharged from the dispersion section during the 100 hours of operation.
- the gland packing of the dispersing device is replaced once a month or less.
- the life of the gland packing is desired to be several hundred hours or more, and the amount of leakage of the raw material composition from the supply mechanism per 100 hours of operation, which is the early to middle period of the replacement interval, is the life of the gland packing. is an important index for estimating
- the cooling of the plunger part is efficiently performed by having a leakage rate of 0.2% or less per 100 hours of operation, and the deterioration of the gland packing is further prevented during subsequent operation. can be expected to be
- the leakage rate represented by formula (1) is preferably 0.2% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less, and even more preferably 0.05% or less. If the deterioration of the seal member is prevented and the sealing performance of the sliding surface between the cylinder portion and the plunger of the high-pressure pump is ensured, the leakage rate represented by formula (1) can be close to 0%. preferable.
- the raw material composition supplied to the dispersing device is not particularly limited as long as it contains dispersoids and a non-aqueous dispersion medium.
- the raw material composition may further contain a dispersant in order to obtain dispersion stability of the dispersoid.
- the raw material composition may contain optional components such as a resin emulsion, a surfactant, a binder resin, a wetting agent, a wetting agent, and a leveling agent, if necessary.
- the dispersoid may be an inorganic particle, an organic particle, an inorganic-organic composite particle, or a combination thereof. Particles that are dispersible in a non-aqueous dispersion medium are preferred, and particles that are insoluble in a non-aqueous dispersion medium are preferred.
- inorganic particles include carbon materials, ceramics, and metals. Carbon materials such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, multi-layer graphene, and graphite can be used as carbon materials. Examples of carbon black include acetylene black, furnace black, hollow carbon black, and ketjen black. These carbon materials may be neutral, acidic or basic, and may be oxidized or graphitized.
- Ceramics include metal oxides, carbonates, nitrides, phosphates, carbides, etc. Examples include calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium phosphate, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, phosphorus aluminum oxide, boron nitride, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, kaolin clay, indium tin oxide (ITO) and the like. Metals include zinc, lead, titanium, cadmium, iron, copper, cobalt, etc., or alloys thereof.
- resin particles are preferable, and examples include polystyrene, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, vinyl-based polymers, acrylic-based polymers, composite polymers thereof; cellulose, pulp fibers, and the like.
- An inorganic pigment or an organic pigment may be used as the dispersoid.
- organic pigments include azo, phthalocyanine, anthraquinone, perylene, perinone, quinacridone, thioindigo, dioxazine, isoindolinone, quinophthalone, azomethineazo, ditopyrrolopyrrole, and isoindoline pigments. pigments.
- carmine 6B lake red C, permanent red 2B, disazo yellow, pyrazolone orange, carmine FB, chromophthal yellow, chromophthal red, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, dioxazine violet, quinacridone magenta, quinacridone red, Indanthrone blue, pyrimidine yellow, thioindigo Bordeaux, thioindigo magenta, perylene red, perinone orange, isoindolinone yellow, diketopyrrolopyrrole red, aniline black, daylight fluorescent pigments, and the like.
- organic pigment C.I. I. pigment black, C.I. I. pigment blue, C.I. I. pigment green, C.I. I. pigment red, C.I. I. pigment violet, C.I. I. pigment yellow, C.I. I. pigment orange, C.I. I. pigment brown and the like.
- inorganic pigments examples include white pigments such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, chromium oxide, and silica; Non-white pigments such as cadmium red, aluminum hydroxide, ultramarine blue, Prussian blue, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, iron black, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, and the like.
- the dispersoids described above may be surface-treated.
- the dispersoids described above may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the dispersoid in the raw material composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately adjusted according to the non-aqueous dispersion medium and the material of the dispersoid as long as the dispersoid can be dispersed in the non-aqueous dispersion medium after the dispersion treatment.
- a solvent capable of dispersing the dispersoid may be used according to the type of dispersoid, and an organic solvent is preferable.
- the organic solvent may be either a non-polar solvent or a polar solvent, and may be used in combination within a miscible range.
- Non-polar solvents include aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, cyclohexane and paraffin, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene, and other petroleum hydrocarbon solvents.
- Polar solvents include ester solvents, ether solvents, alcohol solvents, ketone solvents, amide solvents, heterocyclic solvents, sulfoxide solvents, sulfone solvents, carbonate solvents and the like.
- the non-aqueous dispersion medium includes amides (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP), N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, N,N-diethylacetamide, N-methylcaprolactam, etc.), heterocyclic ring system (cyclohexylpyrrolidone, 2-oxazolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, etc.), sulfoxide system (dimethyl sulfoxide etc.), sulfones (hexamethylphosphorotriamide, sulfolane, etc.), lower ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.), carbonates (diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate), In
- non-aqueous dispersion media examples include formic acid, acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, propanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, ⁇ -terpineol, and the like.
- the above non-aqueous dispersion medium may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- dispersant either a resin-type dispersant or a surfactant can be used, and a suitable type of dispersant is used in a suitable blending amount according to the properties required for dispersing the dispersoid. be able to.
- (meth)acrylic polymers polymers derived from ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons, cellulose derivatives, copolymers thereof, and the like can be used.
- Polymers derived from ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons include polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, polyvinylpyrrolidone-based resins, polyacrylonitrile-based resins, nitrile rubbers, and the like.
- polyvinyl alcohol-based resins examples include polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol having functional groups other than hydroxyl groups (e.g., acetyl group, sulfo group, carboxy group, carbonyl group, amino group), polyvinyl alcohol modified with various salts, and other anions. Modified or cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal (polyvinyl acetoacetal, polyvinyl butyral, etc.) acetal-modified (acetoacetal-modified or butyral-modified, etc.) with aldehydes, and the like can be mentioned.
- modified polyvinyl alcohol having functional groups other than hydroxyl groups e.g., acetyl group, sulfo group, carboxy group, carbonyl group, amino group
- the polyacrylonitrile-based resin may be a homopolymer of polyacrylonitrile, a copolymer of polyacrylonitrile, a modified product thereof, or the like.
- a polyacrylonitrile-based resin or the like having at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen group, a basic group, an alkyl group derived from (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester, an ⁇ -olefin, or the like is preferable, such as An acrylonitrile copolymer described in JP-A-2020-163362 can be used.
- nitrile rubbers include acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
- Cellulose derivatives include cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose butyrate, cyanoethyl cellulose, ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc., or these copolymers, and the like.
- WO 2008/108360 pamphlet JP 2018-192379, JP 2019-087304, JP 6524479, JP 2009-026744 may be used dispersants described in, but these is not limited to Particularly preferred are methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylonitrile homopolymers, polyacrylonitrile copolymers, and hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. Polymers obtained by introducing other substituents into some of these polymers, modified polymers, and the like may also be used.
- the surfactant may be an anionic, cationic, amphoteric ionic surfactant, or nonionic surfactant.
- the amount of the dispersant is preferably 5 to 300 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 200 parts by mass, even more preferably 15 to 100 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the dispersoid.
- the content of the dispersoids varies depending on the specific gravity of the dispersoids, but is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 60% by mass, and 0.7 to 50% by mass. is more preferred.
- the raw material composition preferably has a solid content of 0.5 to 80% by mass, more preferably 0.7 to 60% by mass, and even more preferably 1 to 50% by mass.
- the dispersing device can disperse particles by high-pressure treatment without applying mechanical impact to the particles, it is suitable for use in dispersing particles while maintaining their shape. Furthermore, it is suitable for use in defibrating aggregates such as fibrous particles to improve dispersibility. For example, it can be suitably used in a method for producing a carbon nanotube dispersion.
- the carbon nanotube is also referred to as CNT.
- the above non-aqueous dispersion medium can be used as the non-aqueous dispersion medium.
- the non-aqueous dispersion medium preferably contains an aprotic solvent and a non-polar solvent, more preferably contains an aprotic solvent, and may contain an aprotic polar solvent. More preferred.
- the aprotic polar solvent can further prevent the carbon nanotubes from aggregating, and has excellent solubility of the resin-type dispersant suitable for dispersing the carbon nanotubes.
- it preferably contains an amide solvent, specifically, at least one selected from the group consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-n-octyl-2-pyrrolidone It is more preferred to contain seeds.
- the carbon nanotubes have the following characteristics before being dispersed in the raw material composition.
- the CNT has a shape in which planar graphite is rolled into a cylindrical shape, and includes single-walled CNTs and multi-walled CNTs, and these may be mixed.
- Single-walled CNTs have a structure in which a single layer of graphite is wound.
- Multilayer CNTs have a structure in which two or more layers of graphite are wound.
- the side wall of the CNT may not have a graphite structure.
- CNTs with sidewalls having, for example, an amorphous structure are also CNTs herein.
- the shape of CNT is not limited. Such shapes include a variety of shapes including needles, cylindrical tubes, fish bones (fish bones or cup stacks), tramp (platelets) and coils. Among others, the shape of the CNT is preferably needle-like or cylindrical tube-like. CNTs may be of a single shape or a combination of two or more shapes.
- CNTs include, for example, graphite whiskers, filamentous carbon, graphite fibers, ultrafine carbon tubes, carbon tubes, carbon fibrils, carbon microtubes, and carbon nanofibers.
- Carbon nanotubes may have a single form or a form in which two or more of these forms are combined.
- the average outer diameter of CNTs is preferably 1 nm or more, more preferably 1.2 nm or more. Also, it is preferably 30 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or less, and even more preferably 15 nm or less.
- the average outer diameter of the CNTs is calculated by first observing and imaging the CNTs with a transmission electron microscope, selecting arbitrary 300 CNTs in the observation photograph, measuring the respective outer diameters, and averaging them. can.
- the average fiber length of CNTs is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or longer, more preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or longer, and even more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or longer. Moreover, it is preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the average fiber length of CNT is calculated by first observing and imaging the CNT with a scanning electron microscope, selecting arbitrary 300 CNTs in the observation photograph, measuring the fiber length of each, and averaging. can.
- the aspect ratio is the value obtained by dividing the CNT fiber length by the outer diameter. Using the average fiber length and average outer diameter values, a representative aspect ratio can be determined. A conductive material having a higher aspect ratio can provide a higher conductivity when an electrode is formed.
- the aspect ratio of CNTs is preferably 30 or more, more preferably 50 or more, and even more preferably 80 or more. Also, it is preferably 100,000 or less, more preferably 30,000 or less, even more preferably 10,000 or less.
- the specific surface area of CNTs is preferably 100 m 2 /g or more, more preferably 150 m 2 /g or more, and even more preferably 200 m 2 /g or more. Also, it is preferably 1200 m 2 /g or less, more preferably 1000 m 2 /g or less.
- the specific surface area of CNT is calculated by the BET method based on nitrogen adsorption measurement.
- Carbon nanotubes may be surface-treated carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotube may be a carbon nanotube derivative provided with a functional group typified by a carboxyl group.
- a carbon nanotube encapsulating a substance typified by an organic compound, a metal atom, or fullerene can also be used.
- a raw material composition containing carbon nanotubes may contain a dispersant, and the above-described dispersant can be used.
- a resin-type dispersant Particularly preferred are methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylonitrile homopolymers, polyacrylonitrile copolymers, and hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
- the raw material composition containing carbon nanotubes may further contain optional components such as the binder resin described above.
- the content of carbon nanotubes is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass, and even more preferably 0.7 to 10% by mass, relative to the total amount of the raw material composition.
- the dispersant is preferably contained in a mass ratio of 5.0 to 300 parts by mass with respect to the carbon nanotube.
- the raw material composition containing carbon nanotubes preferably has a solid content of 0.5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.7 to 30% by mass, and even more preferably 1 to 20% by mass.
- ⁇ Other embodiments> Another embodiment of a method for producing a dispersion composition containing a dispersoid, a non-aqueous dispersion medium and a dispersant using a dispersing device will be described below.
- the raw material composition contains a dispersoid, a non-aqueous dispersion medium and a dispersant, and the raw material composition is supplied from a supply mechanism to a dispersion mechanism and subjected to dispersion treatment to obtain a dispersion composition.
- the dispersing device for producing the dispersing composition the one described above can be used.
- a dispersoid In a dispersion composition in which a dispersoid is dispersed in a non-aqueous dispersion medium using a dispersant, the dispersant exhibits solubility in the non-aqueous dispersion medium and has the property of being adsorbed to the dispersoid in the non-aqueous dispersion medium.
- each type of non-aqueous dispersion medium, dispersoid, and dispersant is appropriately selected for dispersion stability.
- dispersoids tend to aggregate.
- the liquid medium for cooling is a state in which a solution of a non-aqueous dispersion medium containing a dispersant of 5% by mass and the liquid medium for cooling are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and solid precipitates do not occur at 25 ° C.
- a liquid medium is preferred.
- a non-aqueous dispersion medium solution containing 5% by mass of a dispersant contained in the raw material composition and a cooling liquid medium are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1 at 25 ° C. and 1 atmospheric pressure.
- the mixture is stirred at 2000 rpm for 30 seconds using a rotation and revolution stirrer, filtered through a 30 ⁇ m mesh filter, and then the solid content (X% by mass) of the filtrate is measured. Precipitation can be judged to have occurred when the solid content of the filtrate is reduced by 5% or more from the theoretical solid content (2.5% by mass). Specifically, it is determined that solid precipitates do not occur when the formula “(2.5% by mass-X% by mass)/2.5% by mass) ⁇ 100” is satisfied by less than 5%. If the dispersant does not dissolve in the non-aqueous dispersion medium at 5% by mass, the above test is performed at the maximum dissolvable concentration, and precipitation is determined when the solid content is reduced by 5% or more from the theoretical solid content.
- the cooling liquid medium is preferably a liquid medium that dissolves 0.1% by mass or more of the dispersant contained in the raw material composition at 25°C.
- the cooling fluid medium is evaluated for dispersant solubility at 25° C. and 1 atmosphere.
- the solubility of the dispersant in the cooling liquid medium is expressed as a percentage of the mass of the dispersant relative to the combined mass of the dispersant and the cooling liquid medium.
- the solubility of the dispersant in the cooling liquid medium is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or more.
- the solubility of the dispersant in the cooling liquid medium can be determined according to the following procedure.
- (1) Prepare a liquid medium containing a predetermined amount (Y% by mass) of a dispersant with respect to the total amount of the liquid medium for cooling and the dispersant, and stir with a high-speed disperser Homodisper at 1500 rpm for 24 hours. to mix. If the mass of the dispersant is large, cut it into pieces of 1 cm square or less before use.
- a dispersing mechanism that disperses the raw material composition, a supply mechanism that is provided with a plunger portion and supplies the raw material composition to the dispersing mechanism, and a cooling device that cools the plunger portion using a cooling liquid medium
- a method for producing a dispersed composition using a dispersing device comprising a mechanism, wherein at least one of the following (i), (ii) and (iii) is satisfied.
- the raw material composition contains a non-aqueous dispersion medium and a dispersoid
- the cooling liquid medium is a liquid medium containing 0 to 50 particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the aggregation test described below.
- the same composition as the raw material composition is dispersed with a bead mill or a high-pressure homogenizer, and a test dispersion with a particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m is prepared with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m). and a cooling liquid medium at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a test sample, and confirm the number of particles of 10 ⁇ m or more in the test sample with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m).
- the raw material composition contains a dispersoid, a non-aqueous dispersion medium, and a dispersant
- the cooling liquid medium is a solution of the non-aqueous dispersion medium containing 5% by mass of the dispersant and the cooling liquid medium by mass. It is a liquid medium that does not form a solid precipitate at 25° C. when mixed in a 1:1 ratio.
- the raw material composition contains a dispersoid, a non-aqueous dispersion medium, and a dispersant, and at 25 ° C., the cooling liquid medium is a liquid medium that dissolves 0.1% by mass or more of the dispersant contained in the raw material composition. is.
- At least one of (i), (ii) and (iii) should be satisfied.
- (i) is satisfied.
- the raw material composition contains a dispersant, it is more preferable to satisfy (ii) or (iii) together with (i), and it is even more preferable to satisfy (ii) and (iii) together with (i).
- Example 1 dispersion was performed using a valve-type high-pressure homogenizer “HC3-5” (trade name) manufactured by Sanmaru Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Example 2 using a nozzle-type high-pressure homogenizer "Star Burst 100" (trade name) manufactured by Sugino Machine Co., Ltd., the dispersion composition was dispersed in one pass under the operating conditions of a single nozzle chamber of 100 MPa.
- Dispersion was carried out using a valve-type high-pressure homogenizer manufactured by HC3-5 (trade name). Dispersion conditions were as shown in Table 1. Ex. indicates the example number, and No. indicates the prescription number.
- the cooling mechanism is as shown in FIG. The cooling liquid medium was supplied to the cooling liquid medium tank of the cooling mechanism, and the cooling liquid medium was circulated at a flow rate of 2 L/H while the dispersion device was operating.
- each component was mixed according to the following recipe.
- Formula 1 Carbon nanotube (“Product name: 100P” manufactured by Kumho) 3% by mass N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) 96% by mass Dispersing agent (manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. “trade name: Zetpol2010L”) 1% by mass
- Carbon black (“Product name: Denka Black Granular” manufactured by Denka) 20% by mass N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) 78.95% by mass Dispersant (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich “trade name: polyacrylonitrile Mw150,000” 1% by mass pH adjuster (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. “Product name: sodium hydroxide”) 0.05% by mass
- Titanium oxide (“Product name: CR-95” manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 50% by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 44.0% by mass Dispersing agent (manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd. "Product name: DISPERBYK182" solid content 43%) 6.0% by mass
- Carbon nanotube manufactured by Kumho "Product name: 100P"
- MEK Methyl ethyl ketone
- Dispersant manufactured by BASF "trade name: EFKA PX4320” solid content 50%
- Cooling liquid media shown in Table 1 were prepared.
- Aggregation tests were carried out according to the following procedure for the combinations of the raw material composition and cooling liquid medium shown in Table 1. Aggregation tests were conducted in an environment of 25°C. (1) The same composition as the raw material composition is dispersed in a bead mill to prepare a test dispersion having a particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m with a grindometer (0 to 100 ⁇ m). As a dispersing device, "Starmill LMZ2" manufactured by Ashizawa Fine Tech Co., Ltd. is used. The dispersion conditions are a peripheral speed of 12 m/s and pass dispersion until the particle diameter becomes less than 10 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ Grind meter> The grindometers used in aggregation tests (1) and (3) are as follows. Gauge model number: "GS0-100" manufactured by Taiyu Kizai Co., Ltd. Groove depth: 0 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, scale interval: 10 ⁇ m
- precipitation tests were conducted according to the following procedure.
- the precipitation test was conducted in an environment of 25°C.
- a dispersant contained in a raw material composition is dissolved in a non-aqueous dispersion medium at a concentration of 5% by mass.
- (2) Weigh 30 g of a non-aqueous dispersion medium solution in which a dispersant is dissolved at a concentration of 5% by mass and 30 g of a cooling liquid medium in a stirring vessel ("001 stirring vessel" manufactured by Kinki Yoki Co., Ltd.). Stir for 30 seconds.
- Dissolution test A dissolution test was performed on the combinations of the dispersant and cooling liquid medium shown in Table 1 according to the following procedure. The dissolution test was performed in an environment of 25°C. (1) 499.5 g of the liquid medium for cooling and 0.5 g of the dispersant contained in the raw material composition were weighed into a 1 L container, and stirred at 1500 rpm for 24 hours using a high-speed disperser, Homodisper, to add 0.5 g of the dispersant. A cooling liquid medium containing 1% by mass is prepared. (2) Measure the solid content of the filtrate after filtration using a filter with an opening of 30 ⁇ m.
- the non-aqueous dispersion medium containing 5% by mass of the dispersant and the cooling liquid medium were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and in the example evaluated that solid precipitates did not occur, the life of the gland packing was long. I know it will be. It can be seen from the agglomeration test that the life of the gland packing is extended in the case where the cooling liquid medium containing 0.1% by mass of the dispersant is evaluated as dissolving the dispersant.
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Abstract
Description
<1>原料組成物を分散させる分散機構と、プランジャー部を備え、前記分散機構に原料組成物を供給する供給機構と、前記プランジャー部を冷却用液媒体を用いて冷却する冷却機構とを備える分散装置を用いる分散組成物の製造方法であって、前記原料組成物は、非水分散媒及び分散質を含み、前記冷却用液媒体は、下記凝集試験において10μm以上の粒子数が0~50個である液媒体である、分散組成物の製造方法。
(凝集試験)
原料組成物と同じ組成物をビーズミル又は高圧ホモジナイザーにて分散処理し、グラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて粒子径が10μm未満となる試験用分散液を調製し、25℃において、前記試験用分散液と前記冷却用液媒体とを質量比で1:1で混合し試験用試料を調製し、前記試験用試料の10μm以上の粒子数をグラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて確認する方法。
<3>100時間の運転時間当たり、下記式(1)で表される供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ率が0.2%以下である、<1>又は<2>に記載の分散組成物の製造方法。
漏れ率(%)=(供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量(L)/原料組成物の供給量(L))×100 (1)
以下、分散装置を用いて分散質及び非水分散媒を含む分散組成物を製造する方法について説明する。非水分散媒には分散剤がさらに含まれてもよい。分散組成物は、原料組成物を分散させる分散機構と、プランジャー部を備え、分散機構に原料組成物を供給する供給機構と、プランジャー部を冷却用液媒体を用いて冷却する冷却機構とを備える分散装置を用いて製造することができる。原料組成物は、分散組成物の原料が混合されて含まれる組成物である。原料組成物は、混合した状態の組成物であってもよく、混合後に粗分散された状態の組成物であってよい。このような分散装置の一例として、高圧ホモジナイザーを挙げることができる。高圧ホモジナイザーは、プランジャーの往復移動によって高圧ポンプから分散部に原料組成物を高圧で供給し、分散部において原料組成物を分散処理することができる。分散部の一例では、ノズルの先端の微小口部から高圧で原料組成物を噴射させて、原料組成物同士の衝突及び剪断力によって非水分散媒に分散質を分散させることができる。分散部の他の例では、均質化バルブに高圧で原料組成物を供給し、均質化バルブの壁面へ原料組成物を衝突させて衝撃を与えることで非水分散媒に分散質を分散させることができる。分散処理を均質化バルブを用いて行う方法は、原料組成物の流量を多くすることができ、ノズル目詰まり等の不具合を回避することができ、大量生産に適する。分散部に供給されるときの原料組成物の圧力は、10~150MPaであることが好ましい。分散部がノズル型である場合は、分散部に供給されるときの原料組成物の圧力は通常の範囲で60~150MPaであることが好ましく、80~150MPaがより好ましく、100~150MPaが更に好ましい。分散機がバルブ型である場合は、分散機に供給されるときの原料組成物の圧力は通常の範囲で10~150MPaであることが好ましく、40~150MPaがより好ましく、80~150MPaが更に好ましい。更に、分散効率の観点からバルブ型ホモジナイザーとノズル型ホモジナイザーを併用して分散してもよく、更に、分散状態の調整の観点から高圧ホモジナイザー以外のビーズミルや高せん断ミキサー等を併用して分散してもよい。
非水分散媒を含む分散組成物の製造において、冷却用液媒体が水である場合に原料組成物の液漏れが発生すると、原料組成物の分散質及び非水分散媒の系の安定性が水との混和によって崩れて、分散質が凝集して凝集物が発生することがある。さらに、原料組成物に分散質とともに分散剤が含まれる場合では、水によって系の安定性が崩れやすく、凝集物の発生がより発生しやすくなる。この凝集物は、冷却用液媒体の排出用の配管やタンクに堆積して詰まるため、プランジャーの冷却効率が低下し、プランジャー及びその周囲の部材が高温にさらされ、特にグランドパッキン等のシール部材の劣化を引き起こすことがある。シール部材の劣化によって圧力損失が発生し、プランジャーによる圧力負荷が低下し、分散部に供給される原料組成物の圧力が低下して、分散性が低下することがある。また、シール部材の交換作業は、分散装置の運転を停止し、原料組成物を排出して行われることから、作業時間が長くなり生産性の低下の要因になる。特にグランドパッキンは高価であることから、交換が頻繁になると生産効率の低下につながる。
(凝集試験)
原料組成物と同じ組成物をビーズミル又は高圧ホモジナイザーにて分散処理し、グラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて粒子径が10μm未満となる試験用分散液を調製し、25℃において、前記試験用分散液と前記冷却用液媒体とを質量比で1:1で混合し試験用試料を調製し、前記試験用試料の10μm以上の粒子数をグラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて確認する方法。
漏れ率(%)=(供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量(L)/原料組成物の供給量(L))×100 (1)
(1)グランドパッキンを交換する際に冷却用液媒体も交換する。このときの冷却用液媒体をX(L)とする。
(2)合計運転時間が100時間になった際に冷却用液媒体タンク内に回収される液体をY(L)とする。下記式より、供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量を求める。
供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量(L)=Y(L)-X(L)
分散装置に供給される原料組成物は、分散質及び非水分散媒を備えるものであれば、特に限定されない。原料組成物には、分散質の分散安定性を得るために分散剤がさらに含まれてもよい。原料組成物には、必要に応じて、樹脂エマルション、界面活性剤、バインダー樹脂、湿潤剤、濡れ浸透剤、レベリング剤等の任意成分が含まれてもよい。
一実施形態による分散装置は、粒子に機械的衝撃を与えずに高圧処理によって分散可能であることから、粒子の形状を維持して分散する用途に適する。さらに、繊維状の粒子のように塊状物を解繊して分散性を高める用途に適する。例えば、カーボンナノチューブ分散液の製造方法に好適に用いることができる。以下、カーボンナノチューブをCNTとも記す。
以下、分散装置を用いて分散質、非水分散媒及び分散剤を含む分散組成物を製造する方法の他の実施形態について説明する。この方法では、原料組成物は分散質、非水分散媒及び分散剤を含み、原料組成物を供給機構から分散機構に供給し分散処理することで分散組成物を得ることができる。分散組成物を製造するための分散装置は上記したものを用いることができる。
(1)冷却用液媒体と分散剤の合計量に対し分散剤を所定量(Y質量%)で含む液媒体を用意し、高速分散機ホモディスパーで、1500rpm、24時間撹拌を行い、液媒体を混合する。なお、分散剤の塊が大きい場合は、あらかじめ、1cm角以下に切断して使用する。
(2)30μm目開きのフィルターを用いて濾過した後に、ろ液の固形分(X質量%)を測定する。ろ液の固形分(X質量%)が理論固形分(Y質量%)より減少する割合「(Y質量%-X質量%)/Y質量%)×100」が20%未満である場合に溶解すると判断する。
以下、分散装置を用いて分散組成物を製造する方法のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。分散組成物を製造するための分散装置は上記したものを用いることができる。
(i)原料組成物は、非水分散媒及び分散質を含み、冷却用液媒体は、下記凝集試験において10μm以上の粒子数が0~50個である液媒体である。
(凝集試験)
原料組成物と同じ組成物をビーズミル又は高圧ホモジナイザーにて分散処理し、グラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて粒子径が10μm未満となる試験用分散液を調製し、25℃において、試験用分散液と冷却用液媒体とを質量比で1:1で混合し試験用試料を調製し、試験用試料の10μm以上の粒子数をグラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて確認する方法。
(ii)原料組成物は、分散質、非水分散媒、及び分散剤を含み、冷却用液媒体は、5質量%の分散剤を含む非水分散媒の溶液と冷却用液媒体とを質量比で1:1で混合した状態で、25℃で固体析出物が生じない液媒体である。
(iii)原料組成物は、分散質、非水分散媒、及び分散剤を含み、25℃において、冷却用液媒体は原料組成物に含まれる分散剤を0.1質量%以上溶解する液媒体である。
実施例1では、三丸機械工業社製「HC3-5」(商品名)のバルブ型高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて分散を行った。実施例2では、株式会社スギノマシン製「スターバースト100」(商品名)のノズル型高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて、シングルノズルチャンバー100MPaの運転条件にて1パス分散した分散組成物を、三丸機械工業社製「HC3-5」(商品名)のバルブ型高圧ホモジナイザーを用いて分散を行った。分散条件は表1に示す通りとした。表中においてEx.は実施例番号を示し、No.は処方番号を示す。冷却機構は図2に示す通りである。冷却機構の冷却用液媒体タンクに冷却用液媒体を供給し、分散装置が作動する間、冷却用液媒体を流量2L/Hで循環させた。
原料組成物として下記処方で各成分を混合した。
処方1;
カーボンナノチューブ(クムホ社製「商品名:100P」) 3質量%
N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP) 96質量%
分散剤(日本ゼオン社製「商品名:Zetpol2010L」) 1質量%
カーボンナノチューブ(クムホ社製「商品名:100P」) 2質量%
酢酸ブチル 90質量%
分散剤(BYK製「商品名:DISPERBYK111」固形分95%) 8質量%
カーボンブラック(デンカ社製「商品名:デンカブラック粒状」) 20質量%
N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP) 78.95質量%
分散剤(シグマアルドリッチ社製「商品名:ポリアクリロニトリルMw150,000」1質量%
pH調整剤(富士フィルム和光純薬社製「商品名:水酸化ナトリウム」)0.05質量%
酸化チタン(石原産業社製「商品名:CR-95」) 50質量%
メチルエチルケトン 44.0質量%
分散剤(日本ルーブリゾール社製「商品名:DISPERBYK182」固形分43%) 6.0質量%
ITO(三菱マテリアル社製「商品名 E-ITO」) 9質量%
αテルピネオール 87質量%
分散剤(BYK製「商品名:DISPERBYK111」固形分95%) 1質量%
カーボンナノチューブ(クムホ社製「商品名:100P」) 1質量%
メチルエチルケトン(MEK) 89質量%
分散剤(BASF社製「商品名:EFKA PX4320」固形分50%) 10質量%
表1に示す冷却用液媒体を用意した。
表1に示す原料組成物と冷却用液媒体の組み合わせについて、以下の手順に従って凝集試験を行った。凝集試験は25℃の環境で行った。
(1)原料組成物と同じ組成物をビーズミルにて分散処理し、グラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて粒子径が10μm未満となる試験用分散液を調製する。分散装置には、アシザワ・ファインテック社製「スターミルLMZ2」を用いる。分散条件は、周速12m/sで、粒子径が10μm未満になるまでパス分散を行う。
(2)撹拌容器(近畿容器製「001撹拌容器」)に試験用分散液10gと、冷却用液媒体10gとを計量し、シンキーミキサーで2000rpm、30秒間撹拌し、試験用試料を調製する。
(3)試験用試料の作製後、60秒以内にグラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて、試験用試料の10μm以上の粒子数を確認する。
凝集試験の(1)及び(3)にて用いたグラインドメーターは以下の通りである。
ゲージ型番:太佑機材株式会社製「GS0-100」
溝深さ:0μm~100μm、目盛間隔:10μm
試験用試料において確認された10μm以上の粒子数から、以下の判定基準で凝集試験の結果を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
〇:10μm以上の粒子無し(凝集は起こっていない)
△:10μm以上の粒子が1個以上50個以下(凝集が少し起こっている)
×:10μm以上の粒子が51個以上(凝集が起こっている)
表1に示す原料組成物と冷却用液媒体の組み合わせを用いて、分散装置を使用して100時間の運転を行った。100時間の運転時間当たり、供給機構(プランジャー部)からの原料組成物の漏れ量と、原料組成物の供給量とを計測し、下記式(1)から漏れ率(%)を計算した。
漏れ率(%)=(供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量(L)/原料組成物の処理量(L))×100 (1)
(1)グランドパッキンを交換する際に冷却用液媒体も交換する。このときの冷却用液媒体をX(L)とする。
(2)合計運転時間が100時間になった際に冷却用液媒体タンク内に回収される液体をY(L)とする。下記式より、供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量を求める。
供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量(L)=Y(L)-X(L)
<判定基準>
〇:漏れ率0.10%以下
△:漏れ率0.10%超過0.20%以下
×:漏れ率0.20%超過
表1に示す分散剤と冷却用液媒体の組み合わせについて、以下の手順に従って析出試験を行った。析出試験は25℃の環境で行った。
(1)原料組成物に含まれる分散剤を5質量%の濃度で非水分散媒に溶解する。
(2)撹拌容器(近畿容器製「001撹拌容器」)に分散剤を5質量%の濃度で溶解した非水分散媒の溶液30gと冷却用液媒体30gとを計量し、シンキーミキサーで2000rpm、30秒間撹拌する。
(3)30μm目開きのフィルターを用いて濾過した後に、ろ液の固形分を測定する。ろ液の固形分(X質量%)が理論固形分(2.5質量%)より5%以上減少した場合、具体的には式「((2.5質量%-X質量%)/2.5質量%)×100」が5%以上を満たす場合に析出が起きたと判断する。なお、ろ液の固形分測定は、アルミ皿にろ液を5g計量し、オーブンにて、200℃2時間乾燥させた前後の質量を用いて下記式から算出する。
固形分(質量%)=((200℃2時間後のアルミ皿+ろ液の質量)/(アルミ皿+ろ液の質量))×100
以下の判定基準で析出試験の結果を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
〇:ろ液の固形分が理論固形分(2.5質量%)より5%未満減少するか、又は減少しない(析出が起こっていない)
×:ろ液の固形分が理論固形分(2.5質量%)より5%以上減少する(析出が起こっている)
表1に示す分散剤と冷却用液媒体の組み合わせについて、以下の手順に従って溶解試験を行った。溶解試験は25℃の環境で行った。
(1)1L容器に冷却用液媒体499.5gと原料組成物に含まれる分散剤を0.5gを計量し、高速分散機ホモディスパーで、1500rpm、24時間撹拌を行い、分散剤を0.1質量%で含む冷却用液媒体を作製する。
(2)30μm目開きのフィルターを用いて濾過した後に、ろ液の固形分を測定する。ろ液の固形分(X質量%)が理論固形分(0.1質量%)より20%以上減少した場合、具体的には式「((0.1質量%-X質量%)/0.1質量%)×100」が20%以上を満たす場合に溶解していないと判断する。なお、ろ液の固形分測定は、アルミ皿にろ液を5g計量し、オーブンにて、200℃2時間乾燥させた前後の質量を用いて下記式から算出する。
固形分(質量%)=((200℃2時間後のアルミ皿+ろ液の質量)/(アルミ皿+ろ液の質量))×100
以下の判定基準で溶解試験の結果を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
〇:ろ液の固形分が理論固形分(0.1質量%)より20%未満で減少するか、又は減少しない(溶解している)
×:ろ液の固形分が理論固形分(0.1質量%)より20%以上減少する(溶解していない)
Claims (5)
- 原料組成物を分散させる分散機構と、
プランジャー部を備え、前記分散機構に原料組成物を供給する供給機構と、
前記プランジャー部を冷却用液媒体を用いて冷却する冷却機構とを備える分散装置を用いる分散組成物の製造方法であって、
前記原料組成物は、非水分散媒及び分散質を含み、
前記冷却用液媒体は、下記凝集試験において10μm以上の粒子数が0~50個である液媒体である、分散組成物の製造方法。
(凝集試験)
原料組成物と同じ組成物をビーズミル又は高圧ホモジナイザーにて分散処理し、グラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて粒子径が10μm未満となる試験用分散液を調製し、
25℃において、前記試験用分散液と前記冷却用液媒体とを質量比で1:1で混合し試験用試料を調製し、前記試験用試料の10μm以上の粒子数をグラインドメーター(0~100μm)にて確認する方法。 - 前記原料組成物の非水分散媒と前記冷却用液媒体とは同一の液媒体を含む、請求項1に記載の分散組成物の製造方法。
- 100時間の運転時間当たり、下記式(1)で表される供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ率が0.2%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の分散組成物の製造方法。
漏れ率(%)=(供給機構からの原料組成物の漏れ量(L)/原料組成物の供給量(L))×100 (1) - 原料組成物を分散させる分散機構と、
プランジャー部を備え、前記分散機構に原料組成物を供給する供給機構と、
前記プランジャー部を冷却用液媒体を用いて冷却する冷却機構とを備える分散装置を用いる分散組成物の製造方法であって、
前記原料組成物は、分散質、非水分散媒、及び分散剤を含み、前記冷却用液媒体は、5質量%の前記分散剤を含む前記非水分散媒の溶液と前記冷却用液媒体とを質量比で1:1で混合した状態で、25℃で固体析出物が生じない液媒体である、分散組成物の製造方法。 - 原料組成物を分散させる分散機構と、
プランジャー部を備え、前記分散機構に原料組成物を供給する供給機構と、
前記プランジャー部を冷却用液媒体を用いて冷却する冷却機構とを備える分散装置を用いる分散組成物の製造方法であって、
前記原料組成物は、分散質、非水分散媒、及び分散剤を含み、
25℃において、前記冷却用液媒体は前記原料組成物に含まれる前記分散剤を0.1質量%以上溶解する液媒体である、分散組成物の製造方法。
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| WO2008108360A1 (ja) | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-12 | Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. | 電池用組成物 |
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| JP2018192379A (ja) | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-06 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 分散剤、分散組成物、電池用分散組成物、電極、電池 |
| JP2019087304A (ja) | 2017-11-01 | 2019-06-06 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 分散剤、分散組成物、電池用分散組成物、電極、電池 |
| JP2019173655A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | 株式会社常光 | プランジャポンプ |
| JP6524479B1 (ja) | 2018-07-20 | 2019-06-05 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 化合物、分散剤、電池用分散組成物、電極、電池 |
| JP2020163362A (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 分散剤、分散体、電極、および樹脂組成物 |
| JP2022014907A (ja) | 2020-12-15 | 2022-01-20 | 阿波羅智聯(北京)科技有限公司 | 車両ベースの音声処理方法、音声プロセッサ、車載プロセッサ |
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| EP4474040A1 (en) | 2024-12-11 |
| CN118742379A (zh) | 2024-10-01 |
| JPWO2023149488A1 (ja) | 2023-08-10 |
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