WO2023149104A1 - 作業機械および作業機械の制御方法 - Google Patents
作業機械および作業機械の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023149104A1 WO2023149104A1 PCT/JP2022/046708 JP2022046708W WO2023149104A1 WO 2023149104 A1 WO2023149104 A1 WO 2023149104A1 JP 2022046708 W JP2022046708 W JP 2022046708W WO 2023149104 A1 WO2023149104 A1 WO 2023149104A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- work machine
- virtual wall
- valve
- bucket
- turning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/24—Safety devices, e.g. for preventing overload
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/264—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool
- E02F9/265—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool with follow-up actions (e.g. control signals sent to actuate the work tool)
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
- E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
- E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
- E02F9/121—Turntables, i.e. structure rotatable about 360°
- E02F9/123—Drives or control devices specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
- E02F9/2033—Limiting the movement of frames or implements, e.g. to avoid collision between implements and the cabin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2025—Particular purposes of control systems not otherwise provided for
- E02F9/2041—Automatic repositioning of implements, i.e. memorising determined positions of the implement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
- B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
- B60Y2200/412—Excavators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work machine and a control method for the work machine.
- Excavators are often used for road construction or pipe burying work. When the excavator is used on a road in an urban area, etc., the operator must drive the excavator while paying attention to obstacles such as cars, fences, and guardrails running on the side.
- Patent Document 1 discloses setting a virtual wall to restrict the movement of an excavator.
- object detection sensors are arranged in the front, rear, left and right parts of the revolving structure and also in oblique parts to detect obstacles around the excavator and to measure the distance from the excavator. Detect and virtual walls are set.
- the present disclosure provides a work machine and a control method for the work machine that enable smooth work even when a virtual wall is set. (means to solve the problem)
- a working machine of the present disclosure includes a working machine main body, a detection section, and an attitude control section.
- the work machine main body has a traveling body and a revolving body.
- the revolving body has a working machine and can revolve with respect to the traveling body.
- the detector detects the position of the working machine.
- the attitude control unit determines that the work machine will interfere with a virtual wall set at a predetermined position from the work machine main body based on the position of the work machine when the revolving body is turned, the posture control unit prevents interference with the virtual wall. Change the posture of the work equipment.
- a work machine control method of the present disclosure is a control method for a work machine including a traveling body and a revolving body having the working machine and capable of turning with respect to the traveling body, comprising a position detection step, a determination and an interference avoidance step.
- the position detection step detects the position of the working machine.
- the determination step determines whether or not the work machine interferes with the virtual wall set at a predetermined position from the work machine based on the detection by the position detection step when the revolving body is turned.
- the interference avoidance step when it is determined that the work machine will interfere with the virtual wall, the posture of the work machine is changed so as not to interfere with the virtual wall.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a hydraulic excavator and its control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a hydraulic circuit of a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. (a) is a schematic side view for explaining posture detection of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
- (b) is a plan view for explaining the turning angle of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; .
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of setting virtual walls of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the working machine of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present disclosure turns toward a virtual wall
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the working machine of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has approached a virtual wall
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing control operations of the hydraulic excavator according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing the configuration of a hydraulic excavator 1 according to this embodiment.
- a hydraulic excavator 1 (an example of a work machine) includes an excavator body 2 (an example of the work machine body), a controller 3 (an example of a posture control section) (see FIG. 2), and a detection section 4 (see FIG. 2). have.
- the shovel body 2 has a traveling body 11 and a revolving body 12 .
- the traveling body 11 has a pair of traveling devices 11a.
- Each travel device 11a has a crawler belt 11b.
- the driving force from the engine rotates the traveling motor to drive the crawler belt 11b, whereby the hydraulic excavator 1 travels.
- the revolving body 12 is arranged above the traveling body 11 .
- the revolving body 12 is configured to be revolvable with respect to the traveling body 11 about an axis along the vertical direction by a revolving motor 27 (see FIG. 2).
- a swing machinery is arranged on the revolving body 12 .
- a swing circle is arranged on the running body 11 and meshes with the output pinion of the swing machinery. Rotational drive of the turning motor 27 is decelerated by a swing machinery (not shown) and output from an output pinion. As a result, the swing machinery rotates inside or outside the swing circle, and the revolving body 12 rotates with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- the revolving body 12 has a revolving frame 13 (an example of a frame portion), a cab 14 and a working machine 15 .
- the revolving frame 13 is arranged above the running body 11 and is a frame that can turn with respect to the running body 11 .
- the cab 14 is provided on the front left side of the revolving frame 13 .
- the cab 14 is provided as a driver's seat on which an operator sits during operation.
- an operation device 81 including a lever for operating the work machine 15, an input device 82, various display devices (including a display 83 described later), and the like.
- front, rear, left, and right will be described with reference to the driver's seat in the cab 14 .
- the direction in which the driver's seat faces the front is defined as the front direction, and the direction facing the front direction is defined as the rear direction.
- the right side and left side of the driver's seat facing the front are defined as the right side and the left side, respectively.
- the working machine 15 is attached to the front central position of the revolving frame 13 .
- the work implement 15 has a boom 21, an arm 22, and a bucket 23 (an example of an attachment), as shown in FIG.
- a base end of the boom 21 is rotatably connected to the revolving frame 13 .
- the distal end of the boom 21 is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the arm 22 .
- a tip portion of the arm 22 is rotatably connected to the bucket 23 .
- the bucket 23 is attached to the arm 22 so that its opening can face the direction (rear) of the revolving body 12 .
- the hydraulic excavator 1 with the bucket 23 attached in this direction is called a backhoe.
- Hydraulic cylinders 24 to 26 (boom cylinder 24 (an example of a first cylinder), arm cylinder 25 (an example of a second cylinder) and bucket cylinder 26 (a third cylinder) correspond to the boom 21, the arm 22 and the bucket 23, respectively. An example of )) is arranged.
- the boom cylinders 24 are arranged on both left and right sides of the boom 21 .
- the working machine 15 is driven by driving these hydraulic cylinders 24 to 26 . Thus, work such as excavation is performed.
- An engine room 16 is arranged on the rear side of the cab 14 of the revolving body 12 .
- the engine room 16 houses an engine, a cooling unit for cooling the engine, a hydraulic pump, and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the hydraulic excavator 1 and its control system.
- a hydraulic excavator 1 includes a controller 3 , a detector 4 , a drive system 5 and an operation system 6 .
- the drive system 5 includes an engine 31 , a hydraulic circuit 32 and a power transmission device 33 .
- the engine 31 is controlled by command signals from the controller 3 .
- the hydraulic circuit 32 supplies hydraulic oil to the left and right boom cylinders 24 , arm cylinders 25 , bucket cylinders 26 and swing motors 27 .
- Hydraulic circuit 32 includes a hydraulic pump 34 , a pump controller 35 and a main valve 36 .
- the hydraulic pump 34 is driven by the engine 31 and discharges hydraulic oil. Hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 34 is supplied to the left and right boom cylinders 24 , arm cylinders 25 , bucket cylinders 26 and swing motors 27 .
- the swing motor 27 described above is, for example, a hydraulic motor.
- the swing motor 27 is driven by hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump 34 .
- the turning motor 27 turns the turning body 12 .
- the hydraulic pump 34 is a variable displacement pump.
- a pump controller 35 is connected to the hydraulic pump 34 .
- the pump control device 35 controls the tilt angle of the hydraulic pump 34 .
- the pump control device 35 includes, for example, an electromagnetic valve and is controlled by command signals from the controller 3 .
- the controller 3 controls the displacement of the hydraulic pump 34 by controlling the pump control device 35 .
- one hydraulic pump is illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of hydraulic pumps may be provided.
- the main valve 36 controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 34 to the hydraulic cylinders 24 to 26 and the swing motor 27.
- the hydraulic cylinders 24 to 26 and swing motor 27 and the hydraulic pump 34 are connected by a hydraulic circuit via a main valve 36 .
- the main valve 36 is controlled by command signals from the controller 3 .
- the controller 3 controls the operation of the work implement 15 by controlling the main valve 36 .
- the controller 3 controls the turning of the turning body 12 by controlling the main valve 36 .
- FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing the hydraulic circuit 32.
- the hydraulic circuit 32 includes a main valve 36, a hydraulic oil tank 37, a hydraulic oil supply path 38, a hydraulic oil return path 39, hydraulic oil paths 41 to 48, a pilot oil supply path 49, and a pilot oil return path 50. and pilot oil passages 51-58.
- the hydraulic oil supply path 38, the hydraulic oil return path 39, and the hydraulic oil paths 41 to 48 are indicated by thick solid lines
- the pilot oil supply path 49 is indicated by thin solid lines
- the pilot oil return path 50 is indicated by one-dot chain lines. show.
- electrical connections from the controller 3 are indicated by dotted lines.
- the hydraulic oil tank 37 stores hydraulic oil.
- the hydraulic oil supply path 38 supplies hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 37 to the main valve 36 .
- a hydraulic fluid return path 39 returns hydraulic fluid from the main valve 36 to the hydraulic fluid tank 37 .
- the main valve 36 includes a boom valve 61, an arm valve 62, a bucket valve 63, and a swing valve 64.
- Each of the boom valve 61, the arm valve 62, the bucket valve 63, and the swing valve 64 is a directional switching valve that includes four ports and can take three positions. The positions of the boom valve 61, the arm valve 62, the bucket valve 63, and the swing valve 64 are switched by the pressure of the pilot oil.
- the boom valve 61 includes four ports P11, P12, P13, P14.
- the boom valve 61 includes a valve body, and the valve body can move to a boom-up position, a boom-down position, and a stop position.
- the port P11 is connected to the hydraulic oil supply path 38.
- Port P ⁇ b>12 is connected to hydraulic fluid return path 39 .
- the port P ⁇ b>13 is connected to the bottom side cylinder chambers of the left and right boom cylinders 24 by hydraulic oil passages 41 .
- the port P14 is connected to the rod-side cylinder chambers of the left and right boom cylinders 24 by hydraulic fluid passages 42 .
- the arm valve 62 includes four ports P21, P22, P23, P24.
- the arm valve 62 includes a valve body, and the valve body can move to an arm raised position, an arm lowered position, and a stop position.
- the port P21 is connected to the hydraulic oil supply path 38.
- Port P22 is connected to hydraulic oil return path 39 .
- the port P23 is connected to the rod-side cylinder chamber of the arm cylinder 25 by the hydraulic fluid passage 43.
- the port P24 is connected to the bottom side cylinder chamber of the arm cylinder 25 by the hydraulic fluid passage 44. As shown in FIG.
- the bucket valve 63 includes four ports P31, P32, P33 and P34.
- the bucket valve 63 includes a valve body, and the valve body can move to a bucket-up position, a bucket-down position, and a stop position.
- the port P31 is connected to the hydraulic oil supply path 38.
- Port P32 is connected to hydraulic oil return path 39 .
- the port P33 is connected to the rod-side cylinder chamber of the bucket cylinder 26 by the hydraulic fluid passage 45.
- the port P34 is connected to the bottom-side cylinder chamber of the bucket cylinder 26 by the hydraulic fluid passage 46. As shown in FIG.
- the swivel valve 64 includes four ports P41, P42, P43, P44.
- the turning valve 64 includes a valve body, and the valve body is movable to a left turning position, a right turning position and a stop position.
- the port P41 is connected to the hydraulic oil supply path 38.
- Port P42 is connected to hydraulic fluid return path 39 .
- the port P43 is connected to the swing motor 27 by an operating oil passage 47.
- the port P44 is connected to the swing motor 27 by an operating oil passage 48. As shown in FIG.
- valve body of the turning valve 64 moves to the left turning position (left side in the drawing)
- the turning motor 27 is driven and the turning body 12 turns left with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- the valve element of the turning valve 64 moves to the right turning position (right side in the drawing)
- the turning motor 27 is driven and the turning body 12 turns right with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- the valve body of the swivel valve 64 moves to the stop position (the center in the figure), the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil from each port stop, and the swivel body 12 comes to a stopped state.
- the main valves 36 include a boom raising EPC (Electric Proportional Control) valve 65, a boom lowering EPC valve 66, an arm raising EPC valve 67, an arm lowering EPC valve 68, a bucket raising EPC valve 69, and a bucket lowering EPC valve 70. , a left turn EPC valve 71 and a right turn EPC valve 72 .
- Each of these EPC valves 65-72 is used as a pilot valve to supply pilot oil to boom valve 61, arm valve 62, bucket valve 63, or swing valve 64 to change the position of the valve.
- Each of the EPC valves 65 to 72 is connected to the controller 3 and opens and closes based on command signals from the controller 3 .
- the pilot oil supply path 49 branches off from the hydraulic oil supply path 38 .
- a pilot oil supply passage 49 supplies pilot oil to the EPC valves 65-72.
- a pressure reducing valve 59 is provided in the pilot oil supply passage 49 . Hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic oil tank 37 by the hydraulic pump 34 is decompressed by the pressure reducing valve 59 and supplied to each of the EPC valves 65-72.
- a pilot oil return path 50 returns pilot oil from each of the EPC valves 65-72 to the hydraulic oil tank 37.
- the boom raising EPC valve 65 and the boom lowering EPC valve 66 supply pilot oil to the pilot chamber of the boom valve 61 to switch the position of the valve body of the boom valve 61 .
- Boom up EPC valve 65 and boom down EPC valve 66 each include three ports P51, P52, P53.
- a port P51 of each of the boom raising EPC valve 65 and the boom lowering EPC valve 66 is connected to the pilot oil supply passage 49 .
- a port P53 of each of the boom-up EPC valve 65 and the boom-down EPC valve 66 is connected to the pilot oil return passage 50.
- a port P52 of the boom raising EPC valve 65 is connected to a pilot oil chamber of the boom valve 61 via a pilot oil passage 51 .
- a port P52 of the boom lowering EPC valve 66 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the boom valve 61 via a pilot oil passage 52 .
- the arm-up EPC valve 67 and the arm-down EPC valve 68 supply pilot oil to the pilot chamber of the arm valve 62 to switch the valve body position of the arm valve 62 .
- Arm up EPC valve 67 and arm down EPC valve 68 each include three ports P61, P62, P63.
- a port P61 of each of the arm-up EPC valve 67 and the arm-down EPC valve 68 is connected to the pilot oil supply passage 49 .
- a port P63 of each of the arm-up EPC valve 67 and the arm-down EPC valve 68 is connected to the pilot oil return passage 50.
- a port P62 of the arm lifting EPC valve 67 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the arm valve 62 via the pilot oil passage 53 .
- a port P62 of the arm lowering EPC valve 68 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the arm valve 62 via the pilot oil passage 54 .
- Bucket up EPC valve 69 and the bucket-down EPC valve 70 supply pilot oil to the pilot chamber of the bucket valve 63 to switch the valve body position of the bucket valve 63 .
- Bucket up EPC valve 69 and bucket down EPC valve 70 each include three ports P71, P72, P73.
- a port P71 of each of the bucket-up EPC valve 69 and the bucket-down EPC valve 70 is connected to the pilot oil supply passage 49 .
- a port P73 of each of the bucket-up EPC valve 69 and the bucket-down EPC valve 70 is connected to the pilot oil return passage 50.
- a port P72 of the bucket lifting EPC valve 69 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the bucket valve 63 via the pilot oil passage 55 .
- a port P72 of the bucket lowering EPC valve 70 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the bucket valve 63 via the pilot oil passage 56 .
- the left turn EPC valve 71 and the right turn EPC valve 72 supply pilot oil to the pilot chamber of the turn valve 64 to switch the position of the valve body of the turn valve 64 .
- Left turn EPC valve 71 and right turn EPC valve 72 each include three ports P81, P82, P83.
- a port P81 of each of the left-turn EPC valve 71 and the right-turn EPC valve 72 is connected to the pilot oil supply passage 49 .
- a port P83 of each of the left-turn EPC valve 71 and the right-turn EPC valve 72 is connected to the pilot oil return passage 50 .
- a port P82 of the left turn EPC valve 71 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the turning valve 64 via the pilot oil passage 57 .
- a port P82 of the right turn EPC valve 72 is connected to the pilot oil chamber of the turn valve 64 via the pilot oil passage 58 .
- the valve of the turn valve 64 is opened.
- the body moves to the left turning position.
- the turning motor 27 is driven, and the turning body 12 turns left with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- a power transmission device 33 shown in FIG. 2 transmits the driving force of the engine 31 to the traveling body 11 .
- the crawler belt 11b is driven by the driving force from the power transmission device 33 to cause the hydraulic excavator 1 to travel.
- the power transmission device 33 may be, for example, a torque converter or a transmission with multiple transmission gears.
- the power transmission device 33 may be another type of transmission such as HST (Hydro Static Transmission) or HMT (Hydraulic Mechanical Transmission).
- the detector 4 shown in FIG. 2 detects the position of the working machine 15 .
- the position of work implement 15 includes the attitude of work implement 15 .
- the detection unit 4 includes a processor 4a such as a CPU.
- the processor 4 a performs processing for detecting the position of the work implement 15 .
- the detection unit 4 includes a storage device 4b.
- the storage device 4b includes a memory such as RAM or ROM, and an auxiliary storage device such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or SSD (Solid State Drive).
- the storage device 4 b stores data and programs for detecting the position of the working machine 15 .
- the detection unit 4 includes a posture detection unit 92 and a turning angle sensor 93.
- the posture detection unit 92 detects information for obtaining the posture of the hydraulic excavator 1 .
- the attitude detection unit 92 detects information for obtaining the attitudes of the traveling body 11 and the working machine 15 .
- the attitude detection section 92 includes a traveling body attitude sensor 94 and a working machine attitude detection section 95 .
- the traveling object orientation sensor 94 detects information for obtaining the orientation of the traveling object 11 .
- the attitude of the running body 11 includes the pitch angle ⁇ 1 of the running body 11 .
- the traveling body posture sensor 94 detects first position data including the pitch angle ⁇ 1. As shown in FIG. 4A, the pitch angle ⁇ 1 of the running body 11 is the inclination angle of the running body 11 in the front-rear direction with respect to the horizontal direction.
- the traveling body posture sensor 94 is, for example, an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit).
- the running body posture sensor 94 detects first position data indicating the posture of the running body 11 .
- the working machine attitude detection unit 95 detects information for obtaining the attitude of the working machine 15 .
- the attitude of work implement 15 includes boom angle ⁇ 2, arm angle ⁇ 3, and bucket angle ⁇ 4.
- the work machine attitude detection unit 95 detects second position data indicating the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4.
- the work machine posture detection unit 95 includes a boom angle sensor 95a, an arm angle sensor 95b, and a bucket angle sensor 95c.
- a boom angle sensor 95a detects a boom angle ⁇ 2.
- the boom angle sensor 95a is, for example, an IMU.
- the boom angle ⁇ 2 is the angle of the boom 21 with respect to the vertical direction of the traveling body 11 .
- the arm angle sensor 95b detects an arm angle ⁇ 3.
- Arm angle ⁇ 3 is the angle of arm 22 with respect to boom 21 .
- Arm angle sensor 95b is, for example, an IMU.
- a bucket angle sensor 95c detects a bucket angle ⁇ 4.
- Bucket angle ⁇ 4 is the angle of bucket 23 with respect to arm 22 .
- the bucket angle sensor 95c detects the stroke length of the bucket cylinder 26, for example.
- a bucket angle ⁇ 4 is detected from the stroke length of the bucket cylinder 26 .
- Work implement posture detection unit 95 detects second position data indicating the posture of work implement 15 .
- a turning angle sensor 93 detects a turning angle ⁇ 5 of the turning body 12 with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- the turning angle sensor 93 detects turning angle data indicating the turning angle ⁇ 5.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining the turning angle ⁇ 5.
- a straight line along the crawler belt 11b of the traveling body 11 and passing through the turning center 12g of the turning body 12 is defined as a first reference line L1.
- a straight line passing through the turning center 12g of the turning body 12 and along the longitudinal direction of the turning body 12 is defined as a turning line M.
- a turning angle ⁇ 5 is an angle formed by the first reference line L1 and the turning line M.
- the swing angle sensor 93 is, for example, an encoder arranged on the swing motor 27 or a sensor that detects the teeth of the swing machinery.
- the turning angle sensor 93 detects third position data indicating the turning position of the work implement 15 .
- the detection unit 4 calculates the current position of the work implement 15 based on the first position data, the second position data and the third position data.
- FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the hydraulic excavator 1 for explaining predetermined calculation points of the working machine 15.
- FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the hydraulic excavator 1 for explaining predetermined calculation points of the working machine 15.
- FIG. 5A calculation points C 1 to C 6 whose positions are calculated by the detection unit 4 are set in the working machine 15 .
- Calculation points C1 to C6 are set at portions of work implement 15 that are most likely to be positioned on the outermost side from turning center 12g.
- the calculation point C1 is set at the connecting portion between the tip of the rod 25a of the arm cylinder 25 and the arm 22.
- the calculation point C ⁇ b>2 is set at the connecting portion between the tip of the rod 26 a of the bucket cylinder 26 and the link member 236 .
- the link member 236 is connected between the bucket 23 and the tip of the rod 26a so as to be able to swing relative to each.
- FIG. 5(b) is a side view of the bucket 23.
- the bucket 23 includes a bottom portion 231, a back portion 232, a pair of side wall portions 233, teeth 234, and a bracket 235.
- the bottom portion 231 has a curved shape.
- the rear portion 232 is connected to the bottom portion 231 .
- a pair of side wall portions 233 covers the sides of the space surrounded by the bottom portion 231 and the back portion 232 .
- the tooth 234 is arranged at the tip of the bottom surface portion 231 (the end opposite to the back surface portion 232).
- a bracket 235 is arranged on the rear portion 232 .
- the tip of the arm 22 is rotatably attached to the bracket 235 .
- a link member 236 (see FIG. 1) rotatably connected to the tip of the rod 26 a of the bucket cylinder 26 is attached to the bracket 235 .
- the calculation point C3 is set at the left end of the tooth 234 in the width direction.
- the calculation point C4 is set at the right end of the tooth 234 in the width direction.
- the end of the side wall portion 233 forming the edge of the opening of the bucket 23 (the upper end of the side wall portion 233 in FIG. 5B) is denoted by 233a.
- a plane including the ends 233a of the pair of side wall portions 233 is called a bucket excavation surface S.
- the calculation point C5 is set at the left end in the width direction of the portion of the bottom surface portion 231 where the distance A from the bucket excavation surface S is the furthest.
- the calculation point C6 is set at the right end in the width direction of the portion of the bottom surface portion 231 where the distance A from the bucket excavation surface S is the farthest.
- the calculation point C3 and the calculation point C4 overlap, and the calculation point C5 and the calculation point C6 overlap.
- the detection unit 4 calculates the three-dimensional positions of the calculation points C1 to C6 of the working machine 15 from the first position data, the second position data and the third position data.
- the storage device 4b stores dimensional data of the working machine 15.
- the dimension data are shape data such as the length, thickness and width of the boom 21 , arm 22 and bucket 23 .
- the dimension data includes the length L1 of the boom 21, the length L2 of the arm 22, and the length L3 of the bucket 23 as shown in FIG. 4(a).
- the length L1 of the boom 21 is the distance between the boom pin 28 that connects the boom 21 to the swing structure 12 and the arm pin 29 that connects the arm 22 to the boom 21 .
- the length L2 of arm 22 is the distance between arm pin 29 and bucket pin 30 that connects bucket 23 to arm 22 .
- the length of bucket 23 is the distance between bucket pin 30 and the tips of teeth 234 of bucket 23 .
- the detection unit 4 detects the pitch angle ⁇ 1, the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4 based on the dimension data stored in the storage device 4b. , the positions of the calculation points C1 to C6 of the working machine 15 are calculated. The detection unit 4 transmits the calculated position data of the calculation points C1 to C6 to the controller 3 .
- the operation system 6 includes an operation device 81 (an example of an action instruction section), an input device 82 (an example of a selection section), and a display 83 .
- the operating device 81 can be operated by an operator.
- the operating device 81 includes, for example, levers, pedals, or switches.
- the operation device 81 outputs an operation instruction signal to the controller 3 according to the operation by the operator.
- the controller 3 controls the main valve 36 so as to operate the work implement 15 according to the operation of the operating device 81 by the operator.
- the controller 3 controls the main valve 36 so that the revolving superstructure 12 revolves according to the operation of the operating device 81 by the operator.
- the controller 3 controls the engine 31 and the power transmission device 33 so that the hydraulic excavator 1 travels according to the operation of the operating device 81 by the operator.
- the input device 82 can be operated by an operator.
- Input device 82 is, for example, a touch screen.
- the input device 82 may include hardware keys.
- Display 83 is, for example, an LCD, OELD, or other type of display. The display 83 displays a screen according to the display signal from the controller 3. FIG.
- the operator inputs various settings related to the hydraulic excavator 1 by operating the input device 82 .
- the input device 82 outputs an input signal according to an operator's operation.
- the operator can set the virtual wall W by operating the input device 82 .
- the virtual wall W is a wall virtually set by the controller 3 to prevent the work implement 15 from entering during work.
- the virtual wall W is set on the hydraulic excavator 1 side of the area to prevent entry.
- the virtual wall W may be set manually by the operator or automatically.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 when the hydraulic excavator 1 is provided with an imaging unit for imaging the surroundings, and an image captured by the imaging unit is displayed on the display 83, the operator can check the surrounding situation on the display 83 and see the obstacle in front of the excavator (excavator 1). side) can be set manually.
- the controller 3 converts the position on the display 83 to the actual position and sets the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 can automatically set the virtual wall W in front of the obstacle when the sensor detects the obstacle.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of setting the virtual wall W.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a construction site.
- FIG. 6 shows a construction site where roads are partitioned by a plurality of road cones 101 .
- FIG. 6 shows a state in which construction is being done with one lane blocked on one side.
- a plurality of road cones 101 are arranged along the center lane. Vehicles are passing on one side of the road cone 101, and construction work is being carried out on the other side.
- FIG. 6 also shows a dump truck 102 , and the hydraulic excavator 1 is turning after excavating earth and sand to load the earth and sand onto the dump truck 10 .
- virtual walls W can be set along a plurality of load cones 101 .
- the bucket 23 that has swung to approach the virtual wall W and the bucket 23 that has swung to a position facing the dump truck 102 are indicated by two-dot chain lines.
- the input device 82 also functions as a selection unit that selects whether or not to execute interference avoidance control (described later) for avoiding interference so that the working machine 15 does not interfere with the virtual wall W when turning. That is, the operator can select whether or not to execute the interference avoidance control by inputting with the input device 82 .
- the controller 3 includes a processor 3a such as a CPU.
- the processor 3 a performs processing for controlling the excavator 1 .
- the controller 3 includes a storage device 3b.
- the storage device 3b includes a memory such as RAM or ROM, and an auxiliary storage device such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or SSD (Solid State Drive).
- the storage device 3 b stores data and programs for controlling the hydraulic excavator 1 .
- the controller 3 receives an operation instruction signal from the operating device 81 .
- the controller 3 receives input signals from the input device 82 .
- the controller 3 outputs display signals to the display 83 .
- the controller 3 receives the position data of the calculated points C1 to C6 from the detector 4.
- the controller 3 When the controller 3 receives an input signal for setting the virtual wall W input by the operator through the input device 82, the position set by the operator on the display 83 is converted into an actual position to set the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 receives an input signal for selection of execution/non-execution of interference avoidance control input by the operator through the input device 82 .
- the controller 3 receives the calculation received from the detection unit 4. It is determined whether or not the working machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W based on the position data of the points C1 to C6. When the controller 3 determines that the working machine 15 will interfere with the virtual wall W, the controller 3 performs interference avoidance control to change the posture of the working machine 15 .
- the controller 3 determines whether or not the calculated points C1 to C6 of the working machine 15 interfere with the virtual wall W when the revolving body 12 is revolved according to the operation instruction.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the hydraulic excavator 1 turns toward the virtual wall W in the direction of the arrow A.
- the controller 3 calculates the distance from each of the calculation points C1 to C6 to the virtual wall W, and calculates the distance from the current positions of the calculation points C1 to C6 in the current posture of the work machine 15. It is determined whether or not each of the calculated points C1 to C6 intersects the virtual wall W when the vehicle turns. When any one of the calculated points C1 to C6 intersects the virtual wall W, the controller 3 determines that the work implement 15 interferes with the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 determines that the working machine 15 does not interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the distance D1 between the calculated point C1 and the virtual wall W, the distance D2 between the calculated point C2 and the virtual wall W, and the distance D6 between the calculated point C6 and the virtual wall W are shown.
- the controller 3 determines that the calculated points C1 to C6 will interfere with the virtual wall W due to the turning, the controller 3 changes the posture of the working machine 15 so that the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 functions as an attitude control section.
- the controller 3 operates the boom 21, the arm 22 and the bucket 23 so that the calculated points C1 to C6 are positioned closer to the turning center 12g than the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 calculates the posture of the working machine 15 so that the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 transmits data on the non-interfering posture of the working machine 15 to the detecting unit 4, and the detecting unit 4 detects the boom angle ⁇ 2 and the arm angle ⁇ 2 at which the non-interfering posture becomes based on the dimension data stored in the storage device 4b.
- a change amount of the angle ⁇ 3 and the bucket angle ⁇ 4 is calculated. Data on this amount of change is sent from the detector 4 to the controller 3, and the controller 3 sends drive signals to the EPC valves 65-72. Note that the controller 3 may calculate the amount of change in the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4.
- the controller 3 receives first position data from the traveling object attitude sensor 94 , second position data from the working machine attitude detector 95 , and third position data from the turning angle sensor 93 .
- the storage device 3b of the controller 3 stores the above dimensional data.
- the controller 3 can calculate the amount of change in the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4 to achieve a non-interfering posture from the dimension data, the first position data, the second position data, and the third position data.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the hydraulic excavator 1 in a state where the posture of the working machine 15 is changed so that the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which work implement 15 approaches virtual wall W.
- the boom 21 is swung upward with respect to the revolving frame 13 from FIG. 7, the arm 22 is swung inward to approach the boom 21, and the bucket 23 is swung inward so that the tooth 234 moves inward (is rolled in).
- the controller 3 can change the attitude of the work implement 15 by sending drive signals to the EPC valves 65-72.
- the controller 3 transmits operation signals to the boom raising EPC valve 65 and the boom lowering EPC valve 66 to adjust the opening of the boom raising EPC valve 65 to be larger than the opening of the boom lowering EPC valve 66 .
- the boom valve 61 moves to the boom raising position, the boom cylinder 24 extends, and the boom 21 swings upward (see arrow E).
- the controller 3 transmits operation signals to the arm-up EPC valve 67 and the arm-down EPC valve 68 to adjust the opening of the arm-down EPC valve 68 to be larger than the opening of the arm-up EPC valve 67 .
- the arm valve 62 moves to the arm lowered position, the arm cylinder 25 extends, and the arm 22 swings inward (see arrow F).
- the controller 3 transmits drive signals to the bucket-up EPC valve 69 and the bucket-down EPC valve 70 to adjust the opening of the bucket-down EPC valve 70 to be larger than the opening of the bucket-up EPC valve 69 .
- the bucket valve 63 moves to the bucket lowering position, the bucket cylinder 26 extends, and the bucket 23 swings in the retracting direction (see arrow G).
- the distance D1 between the calculated point C1 and the virtual wall W, the distance D2 between the calculated point C2 and the virtual wall W, and the distance D6 between the calculated point C6 and the virtual wall W are shown.
- the controller 3 sets the swinging direction of the boom 21 with respect to the revolving frame 13 upward, sets the swinging direction of the arm 22 toward the inside toward the boom 21, and sets the swinging direction of the bucket 23 so that the teeth 234
- the positions where the calculation points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W may be calculated by limiting to the inward direction, such as moving inward (involving).
- the controller 3 automatically changes the attitude of the working machine 15 so that the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W, thereby allowing the work machine 15 to continue working without interfering with the virtual wall W and stopping. to perform a turning motion.
- FIG. 6 when the work implement 15 approaches the virtual wall W due to turning, the posture of the work implement 15 is changed. In the state of the changed posture, the work machine 15 is turned to a position facing the dump truck 102 without interfering with the virtual wall W (see the bucket 23 indicated by the two-dot chain line).
- the controller 3 can finish changing the attitude of the working machine 15 before the calculated points C1 to C6 interfere with the virtual wall W when turning at the turning speed according to the operation instruction. Determine whether or not When the controller 3 determines that the attitude change can be completed, the controller 3 transmits drive signals to the EPC valves 65 to 72 to change the attitude of the working machine 15 while rotating. When the controller 3 determines that the change of posture cannot be completed, it controls the left-turn EPC valve 71 and the right-turn EPC valve 72 to operate the turning valve 64 and stop the turning motor 27 .
- the controller 3 determines that the change in the attitude of the working machine 15 cannot be completed before the calculated points C1 to C6 interfere with the virtual wall W when the controller 3 turns at the turning speed specified by the operation instruction, the controller 3 changes the attitude. may be limited to the turn speeds that can be completed.
- FIG. 9 is a flow diagram showing the control operation of the hydraulic excavator 1 of this embodiment.
- step S1 when the operator uses the input device 82 to input the virtual wall W, the controller 3 sets the virtual wall W at a predetermined distance from the shovel body 2.
- step S2 the controller 3 determines whether or not interference avoidance control is selected.
- the operator can use the input device 82 to select whether or not to execute interference avoidance control. If the operator has selected to execute interference avoidance control, control proceeds to step S3.
- the controller 3 receives the turning instruction from the operating device 81 in step S3.
- step S4 the controller 3 drives the turning motor 27 to turn the turning body 12 according to the turning instruction. Specifically, when the turning instruction is to turn the revolving body 12 to the left, the controller 3 transmits an operation signal to the left turning EPC valve 71 and the right turning EPC valve 72 to turn the left turning EPC valve 71 The opening is adjusted to be larger than the opening of the right turn EPC valve 72 . As a result, the turning valve 64 moves to the left turning position, the hydraulic oil is supplied, the turning motor 27 is driven, and the turning body 12 turns left.
- step S5 the detector 4 calculates the working machine 15 based on the dimension data stored in the storage device 4b, the pitch angle ⁇ 1, the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4. Calculate the positions of points C1 to C6.
- step S6 the controller 3 determines whether or not the work implement 15 will interfere with the virtual wall W when the revolving superstructure 12 is revolved according to the revolving instruction. As described above, the controller 3 determines whether or not any of the calculation points C1 to C6 of the working machine 15 detected by the detection unit 4 interferes with the virtual wall W.
- step S6 If it is determined in step S6 that the working machine 15 will interfere with the virtual wall W, control proceeds to step S7.
- step S7 the controller 3 completes changing the attitude of the work implement 15 before the work implement 15 interferes with the virtual wall W when the revolving body 12 is swiveled at the revolving speed indicated by the revolving instruction from the operation device 81. Determine whether it is possible. For example, the controller 3 calculates the posture of the working machine 15 so that the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W, and transmits data of this posture to the detection unit 4 . The detection unit 4 calculates the amount of change in the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4 so as to provide a non-interfering posture, and transmits data on the amount of change to the controller 3 .
- the controller 3 controls the boom cylinder 24, the arm cylinder 25, and the bucket cylinder 26 to change the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4 so that the working machine 15 is in a posture that does not interfere with the virtual wall W. is completed before the working machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W.
- the storage device 3b of the controller 3 stores the above-described dimension data, and the controller 3 receives the first position data, the second position data and the third position data, and calculates the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3 and the bucket angle ⁇ 2.
- a change amount of the angle ⁇ 4 may be calculated. If it is determined in step S7 that the change in the posture of the work implement 15 can be completed before it interferes with the virtual wall W, the control proceeds to step S8.
- step S8 the controller 3 changes the attitude of the working machine 15. For example, the controller 3 raises the boom 21, lowers the arm 22, and retracts the bucket 23, as shown in FIGS.
- the controller 3 receives the turning end instruction from the operating device 81 in step S9.
- step S10 the controller 3 stops the turning motor 27 and the control ends.
- the controller 3 transmits an operation signal to the left turn EPC valve 71 and the right turn EPC valve 72 so that the valve body of the turn valve 64 is at the stop position.
- the supply of hydraulic oil to the swing motor 27 is stopped, and the swing motor 27 is stopped.
- step S6 If it is determined in step S6 that the working machine 15 does not interfere with the virtual wall W, the revolving body 12 is turned with the current attitude of the working machine 15. Then, when the controller 3 receives the turning end instruction from the operation device 81 in step S9, it stops the turning motor 27 in step S10.
- step S7 if it is determined that the change of the posture of the work implement 15 cannot be completed before it interferes with the virtual wall W, the control proceeds to step S11. Then, in step S11, the controller 3 transmits an operation signal to the left-turn EPC valve 71 and the right-turn EPC valve 72 to stop the turning motor 27, and the control ends.
- step S2 determines whether the interference avoidance control is not executed. If it is determined in step S2 that the interference avoidance control is not executed, control proceeds to step S12.
- the controller 3 Upon receiving the turning instruction from the operating device 81 in step S12, the controller 3 drives the turning motor 27 according to the turning instruction to turn the turning body 12 in step S13.
- step S14 the detector 4 calculates the working machine 15 based on the dimension data stored in the storage device 4b, the pitch angle ⁇ 1, the boom angle ⁇ 2, the arm angle ⁇ 3, and the bucket angle ⁇ 4. Calculate the positions of points C1 to C6.
- step S15 the controller 3 determines whether or not the calculated points C1 to C6 of the work machine 15 detected by the detector 4 interfere with the virtual wall W when the revolving structure 12 is revolved according to the revolving instruction. judge. If it is determined in step S15 that the calculated points C1 to C6 interfere with the virtual wall W, control proceeds to step S11. Then, in step S ⁇ b>11 , the controller 3 transmits an operation signal to the left-turn EPC valve 71 and the right-turn EPC valve 72 to stop the turning motor 27 .
- step S15 determines whether the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W. If it is determined in step S15 that the calculated points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W, control proceeds to step S9. Upon receiving the turning end instruction from the operation device 81 in step S9, the controller 3 stops the turning motor 27 in step S10, and the control ends.
- a hydraulic excavator 1 of this embodiment includes an excavator body 2 , a detector 4 , and a controller 3 .
- the shovel body 2 has a traveling body 11 and a revolving body 12 .
- the revolving body 12 has a working machine 15 and can revolve with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- the detector 4 detects the position of the working machine 15 .
- the controller 3 does not interfere with the virtual wall W when the controller 3 determines that the work machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W set at a predetermined position from the shovel body 2 based on the position of the work machine 15 when the revolving body 12 is turned.
- the posture of the working machine 15 is changed as follows.
- the controller 3 changes the attitude of the work implement 15 while rotating the rotating body 12 .
- the posture of the work machine can be changed so as not to interfere with the virtual wall W while turning until it reaches the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 determines that the attitude of the work implement 15 cannot be changed before the work implement 15 interferes with the virtual wall W at the revolving speed of the revolving body that is input from the operation device 81. In this case, the revolving of the revolving body 12 is stopped.
- the controller 3 determines that the attitude of the work implement 15 cannot be changed until the work implement 15 reaches the virtual wall at the revolving speed of the revolving body by the input of the operation device 81,
- the revolving speed of the revolving body is limited to a revolving speed at which the attitude of the working machine 15 can be changed.
- the excavator body 2 further includes an input device 82 .
- the input device 82 selects whether or not to execute control for operating the work implement 15 so as not to interfere with the virtual wall W.
- FIG. When the controller 3 determines that the work implement 15 interferes with the virtual wall W when the revolving body 12 is revolved by the input of the operation device 81 in a state in which the input device 82 selects not to execute the control, the revolving body 12 to stop swirling.
- the worker can select whether or not to control the operation of the working machine 15 so as not to interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the revolving body 12 further has a revolving frame 13 to which a work implement 15 is attached.
- Work implement 15 has boom 21 , arm 22 , bucket 23 , boom cylinder 24 , arm cylinder 25 , and bucket cylinder 26 .
- the boom 21 is attached to the revolving frame 13 so as to be able to swing.
- the arm 22 is attached to the boom 21 so as to be able to swing.
- the bucket 23 is attached to the arm 22 so as to be able to swing.
- a boom cylinder 24 swings the boom 21 .
- Arm cylinder 25 swings arm 22 .
- Bucket cylinder 26 swings bucket 23 .
- Controller 3 changes the attitude of work implement 15 by adjusting the hydraulic oil supplied to boom cylinder 24 , arm cylinder 25 , and bucket cylinder 26 .
- the attitude of the working machine 15 can be changed so as not to interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the bucket 23 includes a curved bottom surface portion 231, teeth 234 arranged at the tip of the bottom surface portion 231, and a pair of side wall portions arranged at both ends of the bottom surface portion 231 in the width direction. 233 and .
- the detection unit 4 detects a calculation point C1 that is the tip position of the arm cylinder 25, a calculation point C2 that is the tip position of the bucket cylinder 26, calculation points C3 and C4 that are both end positions of the tooth 234 in the width direction, and the bottom surface portion 231.
- Calculation points C5 and C6 which are both widthwise end positions of a portion (an example of a predetermined portion of the bottom portion) farthest from the excavation surface of the bucket, are detected.
- the controller 3 determines whether the working machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W based on whether or not the calculated points C1 to C6 interfere with the virtual wall W due to the rotation of the rotating body 12 .
- the positions of the plurality of predetermined calculation points C1 to C6 are detected, and whether or not the working machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W is determined based on the positional relationship between each of the plurality of detected calculation points C1 to C6 and the virtual wall W. It is possible to determine whether Therefore, it is not necessary to calculate all the positions of the working machine 15 and determine the interference with the virtual wall W, and the arithmetic processing can be simplified.
- the controller 3 changes the posture of the working machine 15 so that the plurality of detected calculation points C1 to C6 do not interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the attitude of the working machine 15 can be changed by simple arithmetic processing.
- the control method for the hydraulic excavator 1 is a control method for the hydraulic excavator 1 including the traveling body 11 and the revolving body 12 having the working machine 15 and capable of turning with respect to the traveling body 11 .
- step S5 an example of the position detection step
- step S6 an example of the determination step
- step S8 an example of the interference avoidance step
- step S5 the position of the working machine 15 is detected.
- step S6 it is determined whether or not the working machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W set at a predetermined position from the hydraulic excavator 1 based on the position detected in step S5 when the revolving body 12 is revolved. do.
- step S8 when it is determined that the working machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W, the posture of the working machine 15 is changed so as not to interfere with the virtual wall W.
- the controller 3 changes the attitude of the work machine 15 before turning. Rotation of body 12 may be initiated.
- the positions of the calculation points C1 to C6 of the working machine 15 are calculated to determine whether or not the work machine 15 will interfere with the virtual wall W due to turning.
- the calculated positions are limited to the calculation points C1 to C6.
- the calculated points may be 7 points or more, or may be 5 points or less.
- the outermost position may be calculated by obtaining the position of the entire work implement 15 .
- the detection unit 4 detects the outermost position of the work machine 15, and the controller 3 detects whether the work machine 15 interferes with the virtual wall W when the revolving body 12 swings and the outermost position interferes with the virtual wall W. You may decide whether to
- the virtual wall is arranged on the side of the hydraulic excavator 1 , but the virtual wall may be arranged on the front or rear of the hydraulic excavator 1 without being limited to the side. Also, although the virtual wall is arranged only on one side of the hydraulic excavator 1, it may be arranged on both sides. Furthermore, the hydraulic excavator 1 may be surrounded by virtual walls.
- the virtual wall W is set along the vertical direction in the above embodiment, it may be arranged above the excavator 1 .
- the upward movement of the boom 21 for avoiding interference with the virtual wall arranged along the vertical direction can be suppressed so as not to interfere with the upper virtual wall.
- the bucket 23 is attached to the tip of the arm 22 as an example of an attachment, but the attachment is not limited to the bucket 23 and a crusher or the like may be attached.
- the boom angle sensor 95a is an IMU in the above embodiment, it is not limited to this, and a sensor that detects the stroke length of the boom cylinder 24 may be used.
- the arm angle sensor 95b is an IMU, but is not limited to this, and may be a sensor that detects the stroke length of the arm cylinder 25.
- FIG. Also, the bucket angle sensor 95c is a sensor that detects the stroke of the bucket cylinder 26, but is not limited to this, and may be an IMU.
- the boom angle sensor 95a, the arm angle sensor 95b, and the bucket angle sensor 95c may be sensors capable of detecting respective angles.
- controller 3 and the detector 4 are shown separately in FIG. 2 of the above embodiment, the functions of the detector 4 may be implemented within the controller 3 .
- the controller 3 receives signals from the traveling object attitude sensor 94, the boom angle sensor 95a, the arm angle sensor 95b, and the bucket angle sensor 95c, and the controller 3 determines the attitude of the work implement 15 based on each sensor signal. It is good also as a mode which detects.
- the processor 4a and storage device 4b of the detector 4 may not be provided.
- the swing motor 27 is a hydraulic motor, but it is not limited to this and may be an electric motor.
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Abstract
Description
(課題を解決するための手段)
(発明の効果)
(油圧ショベル1の概要)
図1は、本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1の構成を示す側面図である。
図2は、油圧ショベル1およびその制御システムの構成を示すブロック図である。油圧ショベル1は、コントローラ3、検出部4、駆動系5および操作系6を含む。
駆動系5は、エンジン31と、油圧回路32と、動力伝達装置33と、を含む。エンジン31は、コントローラ3からの指令信号により制御される。油圧回路32は、作動油を、左右のブームシリンダ24と、アームシリンダ25と、バケットシリンダ26と、旋回モータ27に供給する。油圧回路32は、油圧ポンプ34と、ポンプ制御装置35と、メインバルブ36とを含む。油圧ポンプ34は、エンジン31によって駆動され、作動油を吐出する。油圧ポンプ34から吐出された作動油は、左右のブームシリンダ24と、アームシリンダ25と、バケットシリンダ26と、旋回モータ27に供給される。上述した旋回モータ27は、例えば油圧モータである。旋回モータ27は、油圧ポンプ34からの作動油によって駆動される。旋回モータ27は、旋回体12を旋回させる。
油圧ポンプ34は可変容量ポンプである。油圧ポンプ34にはポンプ制御装置35が接続されている。ポンプ制御装置35は、油圧ポンプ34の傾転角を制御する。ポンプ制御装置35は、例えば電磁弁を含み、コントローラ3からの指令信号により制御される。コントローラ3は、ポンプ制御装置35を制御することで、油圧ポンプ34の容量を制御する。なお、図2では、1つの油圧ポンプが図示されているが、複数の油圧ポンプが設けられてもよい。
図2に示す動力伝達装置33は、エンジン31の駆動力を走行体11に伝達する。履帯11bは、動力伝達装置33からの駆動力によって駆動されて、油圧ショベル1を走行させる。動力伝達装置33は、例えば、トルクコンバーター、或いは複数の変速ギアを有するトランスミッションであってもよい。或いは、動力伝達装置33は、HST(Hydro Static Transmission)、或いはHMT(Hydraulic Mechanical Transmission)などの他の形式のトランスミッションであってもよい。
図2に示す検出部4は、作業機15の位置を検出する。作業機15の位置は、作業機15の姿勢を含む。検出部4は、CPUなどのプロセッサ4aを含む。プロセッサ4aは、作業機15の位置を検出するための処理を行う。検出部4は、記憶装置4bを含む。記憶装置4bは、RAM或いはROMなどのメモリ、及び、HDD(Hard Disk Drive)或いはSSD(Solid State Drive)などの補助記憶装置を含む。記憶装置4bは、作業機15の位置を検出するためにデータ及びプログラムを記憶している。
図2に示すように、操作系6は、操作装置81(動作指示部の一例)と、入力装置82(選択部の一例)と、ディスプレイ83と、を含む。操作装置81は、オペレータによって操作可能である。操作装置81は、例えば、レバー、ペダル、或いはスイッチを含む。操作装置81は、オペレータによる操作に応じた動作の指示信号をコントローラ3に出力する。コントローラ3は、オペレータによる操作装置81の操作に応じて、作業機15を動作させるように、メインバルブ36を制御する。コントローラ3は、オペレータによる操作装置81の操作に応じて、旋回体12を旋回させるように、メインバルブ36を制御する。コントローラ3は、オペレータによる操作装置81の操作に応じて、油圧ショベル1を走行させるように、エンジン31及び動力伝達装置33を制御する。
図2に示すように、コントローラ3は、CPUなどのプロセッサ3aを含む。プロセッサ3aは、油圧ショベル1の制御のための処理を行う。コントローラ3は、記憶装置3bを含む。記憶装置3bは、RAM或いはROMなどのメモリ、及び、HDD(Hard Disk Drive)或いはSSD(Solid State Drive)などの補助記憶装置を含む。記憶装置3bは、油圧ショベル1の制御のためのデータ及びプログラムを記憶している。
次に、本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1の制御動作について説明する。
(1)
本実施形態の油圧ショベル1は、ショベル本体2と、検出部4と、コントローラ3と、を備える。ショベル本体2は、走行体11と、旋回体12と、を有する。旋回体12は、作業機15を有し、走行体11に対して旋回可能である。検出部4は、作業機15の位置を検出する。コントローラ3は、旋回体12を旋回させた場合、作業機15の位置に基づいてショベル本体2から所定の位置に設定した仮想壁Wに作業機15が干渉すると判定したとき仮想壁Wに干渉しないように作業機15の姿勢を変更する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、コントローラ3は、旋回体12を旋回させながら作業機15の姿勢を変更する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、コントローラ3は、操作装置81の入力による旋回体の旋回速度では、作業機15が仮想壁Wに干渉する前に作業機15の姿勢が変更できないと判定した場合、旋回体12の旋回を停止する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、コントローラ3は、操作装置81の入力による旋回体の旋回速度では、作業機15が仮想壁に達するまでに作業機15の姿勢が変更できないと判定した場合、作業機15の姿勢が変更可能な旋回速度に、旋回体の旋回速度を制限する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、ショベル本体2は、入力装置82を更に備える。入力装置82は、仮想壁Wに干渉しないように作業機15を動作させる制御を実行するか否かを選択する。入力装置82によって制御を実行しないと選択した状態において、コントローラ3は、操作装置81の入力によって旋回体12を旋回させた場合に作業機15が仮想壁Wに干渉すると判定したとき、旋回体12の旋回を停止する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、旋回体12は、作業機15が取り付けられた旋回フレーム13を更に有する。作業機15は、ブーム21と、アーム22と、バケット23と、ブームシリンダ24と、アームシリンダ25と、バケットシリンダ26と、を有する。ブーム21は、旋回フレーム13に揺動可能に取り付けられている。アーム22は、ブーム21に揺動可能に取り付けられている。バケット23は、アーム22に揺動可能に取り付けられている。ブームシリンダ24は、ブーム21を揺動する。アームシリンダ25は、アーム22を揺動する。バケットシリンダ26は、バケット23を揺動する。コントローラ3は、ブームシリンダ24、アームシリンダ25、およびバケットシリンダ26に供給される作動油を調整することによって作業機15の姿勢を変更する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、バケット23は、湾曲した底面部231と、底面部231の先端に配置されたツース234と、底面部231の幅方向の両端に配置された一対の側壁部233と、を有する。検出部4は、アームシリンダ25の先端位置である算出点C1、バケットシリンダ26の先端位置である算出点C2、ツース234の幅方向における両端位置である算出点C3、C4、および底面部231うちバケット掘削面から最も距離が遠い部分(底面部の所定部分の一例)における幅方向の両端位置である算出点C5、C6を検出する。コントローラ3は、算出点C1~C6が旋回体12の旋回によって仮想壁Wに干渉するか否かによって作業機15の仮想壁Wへの干渉を判定する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1では、コントローラ3は、検出した複数の算出点C1~C6が、仮想壁Wに干渉しないように作業機15の姿勢を変更する。
本実施の形態の油圧ショベル1の制御方法は、走行体11と、作業機15を有し、走行体11に対して旋回可能な旋回体12と、を備えた油圧ショベル1の制御方法であって、ステップS5(位置検出ステップの一例)と、ステップS6(判定ステップの一例)と、ステップS8(干渉回避ステップの一例)と、を備える。ステップS5では、作業機15の位置を検出する。ステップS6では、旋回体12を旋回させた場合に、ステップS5で検出された位置に基づいて、油圧ショベル1から所定の位置に設定した仮想壁Wに作業機15が干渉するか否かを判定する。ステップS8では、仮想壁Wに作業機15が干渉すると判定した場合、仮想壁Wに干渉しないように作業機15の姿勢を変更する。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。
上記実施の形態では、旋回体12を旋回させながら、仮想壁Wに干渉しないように作業機15の姿勢を変更しているが、作業機15の姿勢を変更してから旋回体12の旋回を開始させてもよい。
上記実施の形態では、作業機15の算出点C1~C6の位置を算出して旋回により仮想壁Wに干渉するか判定しているが、算出する位置は算出点C1~C6に限られるものでなく、算出点は7点以上であってもよいし、5点以下であってもよい。また、上記実施形態に比べて演算量が増えるが、作業機15の記憶装置3bに記憶されている寸法データとピッチ角θ1、ブーム角θ2、アーム角θ3、およびバケット角θ4とに基づいて、作業機15全体の位置を求めて最外位置を演算してもよい。検出部4は、作業機15の最外位置を検出し、コントローラ3が、旋回体12の旋回で最外位置が仮想壁Wに干渉するか否かによって、作業機15が仮想壁Wに干渉するか否かを判定してもよい。
上記実施の形態では、油圧ショベル1の側方に仮想壁が配置されているが、側方に限らず、油圧ショベル1の前方または後方に仮想壁を配置してもよい。また、油圧ショベル1の側方の一方にのみ仮想壁を配置しているが、双方に配置してもよい。更に、油圧ショベル1を仮想壁で取り囲んでもよい。
上記実施の形態では、仮想壁Wを上下方向に沿って設定しているが、油圧ショベル1の上側に配置してもよい。この場合、上下方向に沿って配置した仮想壁との干渉を回避するためのブーム21の上方への移動を、上方の仮想壁に干渉しないように抑えることができる。これにより、例えば、電線等との接触を回避しながら旋回を行うことができる。
上記実施の形態では、アーム22の先端にアタッチメントの一例としてバケット23が取り付けられているが、バケット23に限らなくてもよく、破砕機等が取り付けられてもよい。
上記実施の形態では、ブーム角センサ95aはIMUであるが、これに限らなくてもよく、ブームシリンダ24のストローク長を検出するセンサであってもよい。アーム角センサ95bはIMUであるが、これに限らなくてもよく、アームシリンダ25のストローク長を検出するセンサであってもよい。また、バケット角センサ95cは、バケットシリンダ26のストロークを検出するセンサであるが、これに限らなくてもよく、IMUであってもよい。要するに、ブーム角センサ95aとアーム角センサ95bとバケット角センサ95cは、各々の角度を検出できるセンサであればよい。
上記実施の形態の図2では、コントローラ3と検出部4とを別体として記載しているが、検出部4の機能がコントローラ3内で実現されてもよい。具体的には、走行体姿勢センサ94、ブーム角センサ95a、アーム角センサ95bおよびバケット角センサ95cからの信号をコントローラ3が受信し、コントローラ3が各センサ信号に基づいて作業機15の姿勢を検出する態様としてもよい。この場合、検出部4のプロセッサ4aおよび記憶装置4bが設けられていなくてもよい。
上記実施の形態では、旋回モータ27は油圧モータであるが、これに限られるものではなく、電動モータであってもよい。
2:ショベル本体
3:コントローラ
4:検出部
11:走行体
12:旋回体
15:作業機
81:操作装置
W:仮想壁
Claims (10)
- 走行体と、作業機を有し、前記走行体に対して旋回可能な旋回体と、を有する作業機械本体と、
前記作業機の位置を検出する検出部と、
前記旋回体を旋回させた場合、前記作業機の位置に基づいて、前記作業機械本体から所定の位置に設定した仮想壁に前記作業機が干渉すると判定したとき、前記仮想壁に干渉しないように前記作業機の姿勢を変更する姿勢制御部と、を備えた、
作業機械。 - 前記姿勢制御部は、前記旋回体を旋回させながら前記作業機の前記姿勢を変更する、
請求項1に記載の作業機械。 - 前記姿勢制御部は、動作指示部の入力による前記旋回体の旋回速度では、前記作業機が前記仮想壁に干渉する前に前記作業機の姿勢が変更できないと判定した場合、前記旋回体の旋回を停止する、
請求項2に記載の作業機械。 - 前記姿勢制御部は、動作指示部の入力による前記旋回体の旋回速度では、前記作業機が前記仮想壁に達するまでに前記作業機の姿勢が変更できないと判定した場合、前記作業機の姿勢が変更可能な旋回速度に、前記旋回体の旋回速度を制限する、
請求項2に記載の作業機械。 - 前記作業機械本体は、前記仮想壁に干渉しないように前記作業機を動作させる制御を実行するか否かを選択する選択部を更に備え、
前記選択部によって前記制御を実行しないと選択した状態において、前記姿勢制御部は、動作指示部の入力によって前記旋回体を旋回させた場合に前記作業機が前記仮想壁に干渉すると判定したとき、前記旋回体の旋回を停止する、
請求項1に記載の作業機械。 - 前記検出部は、前記作業機の最外位置を検出し、
前記姿勢制御部は、前記旋回体を旋回させた場合に前記最外位置が前記仮想壁に干渉するか否かによって前記作業機の前記仮想壁への干渉を判定する、
請求項1に記載の作業機械。 - 前記旋回体は、前記作業機が取り付けられたフレーム部を更に有し、
前記作業機は、
前記フレーム部に揺動可能に取り付けられたブームと、
前記ブームに揺動可能に取り付けられたアームと、
前記アームに揺動可能に取り付けられたアタッチメントと、
前記ブームを揺動する第1シリンダと、
前記アームを揺動する第2シリンダと、
前記アタッチメントを揺動する第3シリンダと、を有し、
前記姿勢制御部は、前記第1シリンダ、前記第2シリンダ、および前記第3シリンダに供給される作動油を調整することによって前記作業機の姿勢を変更する、
請求項1に記載の作業機械。 - 前記アタッチメントは、バケットであり、
前記バケットは、湾曲した底面部と、前記底面部の先端に配置されたツースと、前記底面部の幅方向の両端に配置された一対の側壁部と、を有し、
前記検出部は、前記第2シリンダの先端位置、前記第3シリンダの先端位置、前記ツースの幅方向における両端位置、および前記底面部の所定部分における幅方向の両端位置を検出し、
前記姿勢制御部は、検出した複数の前記位置が前記旋回体の旋回によって前記仮想壁に干渉するか否かによって前記作業機の前記仮想壁への干渉を判定する、
請求項7に記載の作業機械。 - 前記姿勢制御部は、検出した複数の前記位置が、前記仮想壁に干渉しないように前記作業機の姿勢を変更する、
請求項8に記載の作業機械。 - 走行体と、作業機を有し、前記走行体に対して旋回可能な旋回体と、を備えた作業機械の制御方法であって、
前記作業機の位置を検出する位置検出ステップと、
前記旋回体を旋回させた場合に、前記位置検出ステップによる検出に基づいて、前記作業機械から所定の位置に設定した仮想壁に前記作業機が干渉するか否かを判定する判定ステップと、
前記仮想壁に前記作業機が干渉すると判定した場合、前記仮想壁に干渉しないように前記作業機の姿勢を変更する干渉回避ステップと、を備える、
作業機械の制御方法。
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| CN202280083053.7A CN118401721A (zh) | 2022-02-02 | 2022-12-19 | 作业机械以及作业机械的控制方法 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09177115A (ja) * | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-08 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | 建設機械の作業範囲制限制御装置 |
| JPH10311059A (ja) * | 1997-05-12 | 1998-11-24 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | 2ピースブーム型作業機の操作駆動装置 |
| JPH11241363A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | 建設機械のフロント制御装置 |
| JP2019132062A (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | ヤンマー株式会社 | 建設機械 |
| WO2019189030A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 住友建機株式会社 | ショベル |
| WO2019189013A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 住友建機株式会社 | ショベル |
-
2022
- 2022-02-02 JP JP2022015069A patent/JP2023112995A/ja active Pending
- 2022-12-19 CN CN202280083053.7A patent/CN118401721A/zh active Pending
- 2022-12-19 WO PCT/JP2022/046708 patent/WO2023149104A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-12-19 US US18/720,163 patent/US20250043547A1/en active Pending
- 2022-12-19 KR KR1020247019355A patent/KR20240095459A/ko active Pending
- 2022-12-19 DE DE112022005829.3T patent/DE112022005829T5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09177115A (ja) * | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-08 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | 建設機械の作業範囲制限制御装置 |
| JPH10311059A (ja) * | 1997-05-12 | 1998-11-24 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | 2ピースブーム型作業機の操作駆動装置 |
| JPH11241363A (ja) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | 建設機械のフロント制御装置 |
| JP2019132062A (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | ヤンマー株式会社 | 建設機械 |
| WO2019189030A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 住友建機株式会社 | ショベル |
| WO2019189013A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-10-03 | 住友建機株式会社 | ショベル |
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| KR20240095459A (ko) | 2024-06-25 |
| CN118401721A (zh) | 2024-07-26 |
| US20250043547A1 (en) | 2025-02-06 |
| DE112022005829T5 (de) | 2024-10-24 |
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