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WO2023147762A1 - Procédé de mise en œuvre de réseau d'accès radio sans cellule et dispositif de réseau - Google Patents

Procédé de mise en œuvre de réseau d'accès radio sans cellule et dispositif de réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023147762A1
WO2023147762A1 PCT/CN2023/072635 CN2023072635W WO2023147762A1 WO 2023147762 A1 WO2023147762 A1 WO 2023147762A1 CN 2023072635 W CN2023072635 W CN 2023072635W WO 2023147762 A1 WO2023147762 A1 WO 2023147762A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
data streams
data
uplink
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/072635
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王东明
曹阳
金婧
楼梦婷
王启星
尤肖虎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
Research Institute of China Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Original Assignee
China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
Research Institute of China Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd, Research Institute of China Mobile Communication Co Ltd filed Critical China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
Publication of WO2023147762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023147762A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
    • H04L25/0242—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a network architecture, a data uplink and downlink method, a method for implementing a non-cellular wireless access network, and network equipment.
  • the non-cellular distributed multiple input multiple output (Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO) system is a new type of networking method to further improve the spectrum efficiency of the mobile communication system. It is the fifth generation mobile communication system (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology, 5G ) The key technology for subsequent evolution to improve performance.
  • 5G Fifth Generation Mobile Communication Technology
  • multiple distributed antenna units can cooperate to serve multiple users on the same time-frequency resource.
  • cooperative transmission algorithm the traditional maximum ratio combining is adopted, and the fully distributed multi-user precoding and multi-user signal separation are realized by the antenna unit.
  • each antenna unit needs to separately detect and output the uplink signals of all users served, for example, the superposition of terminal 1, terminal 2, ..., terminal n obtained by each antenna unit
  • the uplink air interface data, and the superimposed uplink air interface data are separated and output; each antenna unit needs to receive the downlink signals of all users separately, and precode the downlink signals of all users before sending them to the corresponding terminal, that is, the antenna unit is in the Distributed output is used in the uplink process, and distributed input is also used in the downlink process.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for implementing a non-cellular wireless access network and network equipment, so as to solve the problems of high fronthaul overhead and poor joint processing capability of the system in the related art.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network architecture, including an antenna unit, a first unit, and a second unit,
  • the antenna unit is configured to receive multiple uplink data streams sent by the terminal, and send the multiple uplink data streams to the first unit, and/or receive precoded data streams sent by the first unit, and send the multiple uplink data streams Send the above precoded data stream to the corresponding terminal;
  • the first unit is configured to detect the multiple uplink data streams and send the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit, and/or perform precoding on the multiple downlink data streams sent by the second unit ;
  • the second unit is configured to combine uplink data streams belonging to the same data stream sent by the first unit, and/or distribute multiple downlink data streams to corresponding first units;
  • the data sources of the same data stream signals are the same.
  • the network architecture further includes a third unit, the third unit determines at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the network architecture includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network architecture includes multiple second units, and the upstream data stream of the same terminal detected by multiple first units is sent to the same second unit;
  • the network architecture includes multiple second units, and the downlink data stream of the same terminal is distributed through the same second unit.
  • the first unit sends the multiple upstream data streams to the second unit through a data interface
  • the second unit sends the multiple upstream data streams to the first unit through a data interface. Downstream.
  • the multiple uplink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource
  • the multiple downlink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • the dimension of the uplink channel matrix is N i ⁇ S i , where N i is the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the ith first unit, and S i is the total number of antennas to be detected by the first unit The number of data streams.
  • the multiple uplink data streams are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the logarithmic likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream is combined, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit through a data interface, including:
  • the first unit sends a data packet to the second unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes the plurality of uplink data streams.
  • the header information of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the second unit combines uplink data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including:
  • the same data stream signals in the data streams are combined according to the payload of the data packets.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection or soft demodulation.
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs normalization processing on the noise of the output signal of the first unit;
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs unbiased processing on the plurality of uplink data streams to be detected, and adds the The average value of the variance of the interference plus noise of the data stream detection output;
  • the second unit combines the soft demodulated digital signals at the same scale.
  • the second unit combines uplink data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including:
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams are averaged and combined or combined with interference suppression.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after soft demodulation
  • the second unit combines the upstream data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including: combining the The same data stream signals in the above data streams are averaged and combined.
  • the second unit combines uplink data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including:
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to corresponding first units, including:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of modulated downlink data streams after layer mapping to the first unit
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams that are mapped to the first unit and before modulation
  • the second unit maps the multiple downlink data streams before the distribution layer to the first unit.
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • a precoded data stream is obtained.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit;
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the third unit
  • the third unit is used to obtain the channel matrix estimation of the second unit, and calculate the calibration coefficient through the channel matrix estimation, and the channel matrix estimation of the second unit is calculated according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit calculates a channel matrix estimate between the antenna units according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the channel matrix estimate to the second unit
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit, and the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit is calculated according to the channel matrix estimation.
  • the second unit sends the plurality of downlink data streams to the first unit through a data interface, including:
  • the second unit distributes a data packet to the first unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes a plurality of downstream data streams.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a data uplink method applied to a network device, where the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit, and the method includes:
  • the antenna unit receives a plurality of uplink data streams
  • the first unit acquires and detects the multiple upstream data streams, and sends the multiple upstream data streams to the second unit according to the detection result;
  • the second unit combines the same data flow signals in the plurality of uplink data flows; wherein, the data sources of the same data flow signals are the same.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the uplink data stream of the same terminal detected by the multiple first units is sent to the same second unit.
  • the first unit acquires and detects the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the first unit obtains the plurality of uplink data streams from the antenna unit;
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix between the antenna unit and the terminal according to the uplink demodulation reference signal and the number of data streams supported by the network device;
  • the dimension of the uplink channel matrix is N i ⁇ S i , where N i is the ith first unit connection The total number of antennas of all connected antenna units, S i is the total number of data streams to be detected by the first unit.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit, including any of the following:
  • the first unit sends multiple upstream data streams before soft demodulation to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after soft demodulation and before delayer mapping to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after layer demapping but before decoding to the second unit.
  • the multiple uplink data streams sent by the first unit to the second unit are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the second unit combines the log likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream according to the detection result, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit .
  • the method also includes:
  • the first unit sending the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit includes:
  • the first unit sends the plurality of upstream data streams to the second unit through a data interface.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit through a data interface, including:
  • the first unit sends a data packet to the second unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes the plurality of uplink data streams.
  • the header information of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the second unit combines signals of the same data stream in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the same data stream signals in the data streams are combined according to the payload of the data packets.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection or soft demodulation.
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs normalization processing on the noise of the output signal of the first unit;
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs unbiased processing on the plurality of uplink data streams to be detected, and adds the The average value of the variance of the interference plus noise of the data stream detection output;
  • the second unit combines the soft demodulated digital signals at the same scale.
  • the second unit combines signals of the same data stream in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams are averaged and combined or combined with interference suppression.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after soft demodulation
  • the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple upstream data streams, including: combining the data streams The same data stream signals in the average are merged.
  • the second unit combines signals of the same data stream in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the network device further includes a third unit, and the method further includes:
  • the third unit determines at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the multiple uplink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a data downlink method applied to a network device, where the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit; the method includes:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of downstream data streams to the first unit
  • the first unit precodes the plurality of downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, and sends the precoded data streams to corresponding antenna units;
  • the antenna unit sends a downlink data stream to a corresponding terminal.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the downlink data stream of the same terminal is distributed through the same second unit.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit, including:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of modulated downlink data streams after layer mapping to the first unit
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams that are mapped to the first unit and before modulation
  • the second unit maps the multiple downlink data streams before the distribution layer to the first unit.
  • the network device further includes a third unit, configured to determine at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the first unit precodes the multiple downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, including:
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix between the antenna unit and the terminal according to the uplink sounding channel of the terminal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit is calibrated according to the air interface between the antenna units;
  • the first unit obtains a downlink precoding matrix according to the uplink channel matrix and calibration coefficients
  • the first unit obtains a precoded data stream according to the downlink precoding matrix.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit;
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the third unit
  • the third unit is used to obtain the channel matrix estimate of the second unit, and use the signal
  • the channel matrix estimation is calculated to obtain the calibration coefficient, and the channel matrix estimation of the second unit is calculated according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit calculates a channel matrix estimate between the antenna units according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the channel matrix estimate to the second unit
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit, and the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit is calculated according to the channel matrix estimation.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit, including:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of downstream data streams to the first unit through a data interface.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit through a data interface, including:
  • the second unit distributes a data packet to the first unit through a data interface, and the data packet has multiple downlink data flows.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the multiple downlink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the network device further includes a third unit, and the method further includes:
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit;
  • the antenna unit is configured to receive multiple uplink data streams
  • the first unit is configured to acquire and detect the multiple uplink data streams, and send the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit according to the detection result;
  • the second unit is configured to combine signals of the same data stream in the plurality of uplink data streams; wherein the signals of the same data stream are sent by the same terminal.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple Antenna unit.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the uplink data stream of the same terminal detected by the multiple first units is sent to the same second unit.
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • the dimension of the uplink channel matrix is N i ⁇ S i , where N i is the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the ith first unit, and S i is the total number of antennas to be detected by the first unit The number of data streams.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit, including any of the following:
  • the first unit sends multiple upstream data streams before soft demodulation to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after soft demodulation and before delayer mapping to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after layer demapping but before decoding to the second unit.
  • the multiple uplink data streams sent by the first unit to the second unit are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the logarithmic likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream is combined, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit.
  • the second unit is also used for:
  • the first unit sending the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit includes:
  • the first unit sends the plurality of upstream data streams to the second unit through a data interface.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit through a data interface, including:
  • the first unit sends a data packet to the second unit through the data interface, and the data packet includes including the plurality of upstream data streams.
  • the header information of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the same data stream signals in the data streams are combined according to the payload of the data packets.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection or soft demodulation.
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs normalization processing on the noise of the output signal of the first unit;
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs unbiased processing on the plurality of uplink data streams to be detected, and adds the The average value of the variance of the interference plus noise of the data stream detection output;
  • the second unit combines the soft demodulated digital signals at the same scale.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams are averaged and combined or combined with interference suppression.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after soft demodulation
  • the second unit is specifically configured to average and combine the same data stream signals in the data stream.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the network device further includes a third unit, the third unit is configured to:
  • the multiple uplink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a network device, including a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit,
  • the second unit is configured to distribute multiple downlink data streams to the first unit
  • the first unit is configured to precode the multiple downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, and send the precoded data streams to corresponding antenna units;
  • the antenna unit is configured to send a downlink data stream to a corresponding terminal.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the downlink data stream of the same terminal is distributed through the same second unit.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the network device further includes a third unit, configured to determine at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix between the antenna unit and the terminal according to the uplink sounding channel of the terminal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit is calibrated according to the air interface between the antenna units;
  • the first unit obtains a downlink precoding matrix according to the uplink channel matrix and calibration coefficients
  • the first unit obtains a precoded data stream according to the downlink precoding matrix.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit;
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the third unit
  • the third unit is used to obtain the channel matrix estimation of the second unit, and calculate the calibration coefficient through the estimation of the channel matrix, and the channel matrix estimation of the second unit is based on the air interface reciprocity
  • the calibration signal is calculated;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit calculates a channel matrix estimate between the antenna units according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the channel matrix estimate to the second unit
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit, and the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit is calculated according to the channel matrix estimation.
  • the second unit is specifically configured to: distribute multiple downlink data streams to the first unit through a data interface.
  • the distributing multiple downlink data streams to the first unit through the data interface includes:
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the multiple downlink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the antenna unit sends the multiple uplink data streams sent by the terminal to the first unit, and/or receives the precoded data stream sent by the first unit, and sends
  • the precoded data stream is sent to the corresponding terminal, that is, it can avoid the detection output of each antenna unit in the traditional non-cellular architecture or the signal of all users served by the precoding module, but each antenna unit unifies multiple uplink data streams Send to the first unit for unified detection and separation, and/or, the first unit performs unified precoding on multiple downlink data streams and then sends them to the corresponding antenna unit, which enables the antenna unit to perform centralized output during the uplink process, and/or Or, the antenna unit adopts a centralized input in the downlink process, thereby reducing the fronthaul overhead of the system, and can improve the joint transmission capability of each antenna unit, thereby improving the scalability of the number of antenna units without cells, thereby improving communication performance, and Realize expansion without cellular.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of functional division of a radio access network provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of division of data uplink functions of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of data downlink function division of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of division of data uplink functions of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of division of data downlink functions of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a data uplink method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a data downlink method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a data uplink method is proposed to solve the problems of high front-transmission overhead and poor joint processing capability of the system in the related art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture 100 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, including an antenna unit 101 , a first unit 102 and a second unit 103 .
  • the foregoing network architecture may be a non-cellular distributed MIMO architecture.
  • the network architecture may be a network device, and the network device may be a base station.
  • the antenna unit 101 is configured to receive multiple uplink data streams sent by the terminal, and send the multiple uplink data streams to the first unit, and/or receive the precoded data stream sent by the first unit, and send The precoded data stream is sent to the corresponding terminal.
  • the antenna unit may be a remote radio unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU).
  • RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • the network architecture includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network architecture includes multiple antenna units, and the above antenna units are deployed in a distributed manner, and can provide services for multiple users/terminals on the same time-frequency resource through cooperation. That is, in the communication system under this architecture, multiple user terminals (User Equipment, UE) can work on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the antenna unit may be used to complete radio frequency transmission and reception, and optionally, the antenna unit may also be used to complete functions such as up-down conversion and digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the antenna unit is used to receive multiple uplink data streams; during the data downlink process, the antenna unit is used to receive the downlink data stream sent by the first unit.
  • each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units, and each antenna unit may be configured with one or more antennas.
  • the multiple uplink data streams include multiple data streams of multiple terminals or multiple data streams of a single terminal. It can be understood that a single terminal may also uplink the same data stream through different antenna units, or uplink multiple different data streams through different antenna units, and the uplink data streams of different terminals are different data streams.
  • the multiple uplink data streams are space-domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource; and/or, the multiple downlink data streams are space-domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the multiple uplink data streams received by the antenna unit are signals superimposed on each other in the air of the multiple data streams, and the first unit obtains the multiple data streams superimposed on each other from the above antenna unit,
  • the detector detects the output data streams of multiple users or multiple data streams of a single user.
  • Each antenna unit in the related art implements multi-user precoding and multi-user signal separation independently and fully distributedly, and different antenna units can be understood as different cells.
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams received by different antenna units can be merged/distributed, and the terminal does not need the terminal to perform cell handover during the data uplink and downlink process, which can realize user Centered data merging and data distribution, so as to truly break through the limitations of the cell, support a wide range of coverage, so that the non-cellular distributed MIMO realizes a decentralized cooperative transmission method.
  • the first unit 102 is configured to detect the multiple uplink data streams and send the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit, and/or pre-empt the multiple downlink data streams sent by the second unit make up code.
  • the core function received by the above-mentioned first unit includes separation or detection of spatial data streams, and optionally, a function specifically for completing baseband signal processing, including baseband signal transmission and reception functions.
  • the above-mentioned first unit is also used to perform functions such as channel estimation, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream detection, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream precoding, and calibration signal extraction in baseband signal processing.
  • the antenna unit is connected to the first unit through a high-speed link, and the first unit can perform signal aggregation (uplink process) and distribution functions (downlink process) of multiple antenna units.
  • the above-mentioned first unit obtains multiple uplink data streams from the antenna unit, and detects the source of the multiple uplink data streams through the detector, which can be understood as detecting that the multiple uplink data streams come from different terminals and/or different data streams from the same terminal. It can also be understood that after the first unit gathers signals of multiple antenna units, it completes the joint multi-user detection process, and sends the user data stream output by the detection to the designated second unit.
  • the above-mentioned second unit may be directly connected to multiple first units, or may be connected to multiple first units through a switch.
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • the dimension of the uplink channel matrix is N i ⁇ S i , where N i is the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the ith first unit, and S i is the total number of antennas to be detected by the first unit The number of data streams.
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix (the matrix dimension is N i ⁇ S i , wherein N i represents the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the i-th first unit, S i represents the total number of data streams to be detected by the first unit), and then completes the detection of each data stream.
  • the first unit may also be used to complete soft demodulation.
  • the core function of the above-mentioned first unit includes precoding, and may also include precoding weight calculation.
  • it is specifically used to complete the baseband signal processing function. functions, including baseband signal transmission and reception functions.
  • the above-mentioned first unit is also used to perform functions such as channel estimation, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream detection, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream precoding, and calibration signal extraction in baseband signal processing.
  • the first unit After the first unit receives the signals of multiple user data streams sent by at least one second unit, it obtains the downlink channel according to the locally obtained uplink channel detection and undergoes air interface reciprocity calibration, completes joint multi-user precoding, and forms The multi-antenna signals are sent to each antenna element.
  • the second unit 103 is configured to combine uplink data streams belonging to the same data stream sent by the first unit, and/or distribute multiple downlink data streams to corresponding first units;
  • the data sources of the same data stream signals are the same.
  • the above second unit may be used to perform functions of the physical layer (L1) and/or higher layers (L2, or Medium Access Control (MAC) layer).
  • L1 physical layer
  • L2 Medium Access Control
  • MAC Medium Access Control
  • the baseband physical layer signal processing of the second unit mainly includes: combining uplink data belonging to the same data stream sent by the first unit, distributing multiple downlink data streams to the corresponding first unit, antenna Functions such as channel estimation required for inter-unit calibration.
  • the same terminal can uplink the same data stream, or uplink different data streams.
  • the first unit distinguishes different data streams by detecting uplink data, and can mark them with terminal and/or data stream identifiers (labels) based on the detection results
  • the second unit combines the uplink data belonging to the same data stream, that is, combines the data streams from the same data source in the same terminal.
  • the network device further includes a third unit, the third unit determines at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the above association relationship is determined by the third unit, so as to determine the data transmission path between the first unit and the second unit.
  • the third unit determines the association between the user data flow and the first unit and the second unit, and the third unit determines the user (terminal) and the antenna unit according to the user's location or the user's channel prior information , and also determine the user's association with the first unit;
  • the first The three units determine the association between the user and the second unit, and a user is only associated with one second unit.
  • the first first unit can be connected to multiple second units, and one second unit can also be connected to multiple first units.
  • the basic principles of association include: balancing the load of multiple second units, and avoiding the One unit accesses the second unit across the switch.
  • the third unit the third unit is directly connected or connected to multiple second units through a switch.
  • the third unit is used to determine the correspondence between the data streams of the first unit and the second unit. According to the association between the user data stream determined by the third unit and the first unit and the second unit, the uplink data stream of the same terminal processed by multiple first units can only be sent to one second unit, similarly, the downlink data stream of the same terminal Streams can only be sent from this second unit to multiple first units.
  • the second unit and the third unit can realize the mutual data transmission without switching through the switch, or can realize the mutual transmission of data through the switching through the switch.
  • the network architecture includes multiple second units, and the upstream data stream of the same terminal detected by multiple first units is sent to the same second unit;
  • the network architecture includes multiple second units, and the downlink data stream of the same terminal is distributed through the same second unit.
  • the uplink data streams of the same terminal processed by multiple first units can only be sent to one second unit, or in other words, all data streams (one or more data streams) of the same terminal can only be sent to the same second unit. unit; similarly, the downlink data stream of the same terminal can only be sent from the second unit to multiple first units.
  • each first unit and each second unit can realize the mutual transmission of data without switching through the switch, or can realize the mutual transmission of data through the switching of the switch, or Part of the first unit and the second unit may pass through the switch terminal, and part of the first unit and the second unit may not pass through the switch.
  • the above-mentioned network architecture can be understood as a brand-new implementation method of a non-cellular wireless access network.
  • the above architecture can be applied to existing or future communication systems/processes such as 5G and 6G.
  • the first unit sends the multiple upstream data streams to the second unit through a data interface
  • the second unit sends the multiple upstream data streams to the first unit through a data interface. Downstream.
  • the multiple uplink data streams are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the logarithmic likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream is combined, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit through a data interface, including:
  • the first unit sends a data packet to the second unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes the plurality of uplink data streams.
  • the data interface may be an enhanced common radio interface (evolved Common Public Radio Interface, eCPRI), and the eCPRI may also be called an evolved common public radio interface. It can be understood that the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • eCPRI evolved Common Public Radio Interface
  • the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • the data packets of the data interfaces of the first unit and the second unit in the non-cellular wireless access network have the following characteristics: the data interface performs packet grouping according to the data flow, and the header of the data packet of the data interface includes at least one of the following Item: Ethernet physical address of the first unit and the second unit, index number of the data stream, user number to which the data stream belongs, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number, subband number , time slot number, radio frame number.
  • Item Ethernet physical address of the first unit and the second unit
  • index number of the data stream e.g., index number of the data stream
  • user number to which the data stream belongs e.g., user number to which the data stream belongs
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the header information of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the above-mentioned first unit detects the source of the plurality of uplink data streams through a detector, and based on the detection result, the data source may be recorded in the header information of the data packet in the form of a terminal and/or data stream label, and the above-mentioned first After the unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit in the form of data packets, the second unit can combine the data stream signals of the same data source in the multiple uplink data streams.
  • the second unit combines uplink data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including:
  • the same data stream signals in the data streams are combined according to the payload of the data packets.
  • the signal processing of the second unit, for the uplink reception, according to the payload of the data packet, the received same data stream sent by the first unit to the second unit is merged, the data of the same data stream except the address of the first unit
  • the header information of the packets is the same, the first unit address of the header information of the data packets of the same data flow may be the same or different, each data in the same data flow has the same first unit address
  • the first unit addresses of the header information of the data packets are the same, and when collected by different first units, the first unit addresses of the header information of the data packets are different.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection or soft demodulation.
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs normalization processing on the noise of the output signal of the first unit;
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs unbiased processing on the plurality of uplink data streams to be detected, and adds the The average value of the variance of the interference plus noise of the data stream detection output;
  • the second unit combines the soft demodulated digital signals at the same scale.
  • the second unit combines uplink data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including:
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams are averaged and combined or combined with interference suppression.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after soft demodulation
  • the second unit combines the upstream data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including: combining the The same data stream signals in the above data streams are averaged and combined.
  • the merging method can use direct averaging.
  • the second unit combines uplink data streams sent by the first unit that belong to the same data stream, including:
  • SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio
  • Option 7 generally refers to an interface between a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) and a physical layer (Physical, PHY), and the interface exchanges time-domain signals.
  • Option 7 (Option 7) is usually the interface between the low-order physical layer (Low PHY) and the high-order physical layer (High PHY), and the interface exchanges frequency domain signals.
  • Existing regulations The specified Option 7 usually includes Option 7-2a and Option 7-2b.
  • the Low PHY handles adding/removing the cyclic prefix, fast Fourier transform (FFT)/inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and random access of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Input signal extraction, phase compensation, etc.
  • Option 7-2b the Low PHY needs to complete the digital precoding in addition to the 7-2a function, and the precoding is generated by the previous High PHY.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of division of data uplink functions of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, and shows main functional modules of receiving (data uplink) of an air interface system.
  • the cyclic prefix is removed, FFT, RE extraction, channel estimation, multi-data stream/multi-user detection, soft demodulation, de-layer mapping, decoding, and then sent to the MAC layer.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of division of data downlink functions of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, respectively showing main functional modules of the transmission (data downlink) of the air interface system.
  • the information delivered by the media access layer is coded, layer mapped, modulated, multi-stream/multi-user precoding, pilots are inserted, resource element (RE) mapping, IFFT, and cyclic prefix are added, and then passed through The digital-to-analog conversion is sent to RF.
  • MAC media access layer
  • the above-mentioned functions of the first unit and the second unit are divided at the data flow level.
  • the function segmentation between the first unit and the second unit is performed after multi-data stream/multi-user detection and before (forward error correction) decoding.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood as a new Option 7 solution, and can also be understood as a new Option 6 and Option 7 solution. It can be understood with reference to FIG.
  • the first unit may perform multi-data stream/multi-user detection, and the second unit may perform soft demodulation, delayer mapping and decoding; it may be that the first unit performs multi-data stream/multi-user detection and soft For demodulation, the second unit performs de-layer mapping and decoding; it may also be that the first unit performs multi-stream/multi-user detection, soft demodulation and de-layer mapping, and the second unit performs decoding.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data flows to the second unit, including any of the following:
  • the first unit sends multiple upstream data streams before soft demodulation to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after soft demodulation and before delayer mapping to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after layer demapping but before decoding to the second unit.
  • the soft demodulation may be a demodulation manner of outputting a logarithmic likelihood ratio.
  • the multiple uplink data streams sent by the first unit to the second unit are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the second unit combines the log likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream according to the detection result, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit .
  • the data stream output by the first unit to the second unit may be an un-demodulated signal output by the detector, and correspondingly, in the second unit, the received multiple first The same data stream signals of one unit are combined; the data stream output from the first unit to the second unit can also be the log likelihood ratio information after demodulation, correspondingly, in the second unit, the received more The log likelihood ratio information of the same data stream of the first unit is combined.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of division of data uplink functions of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, and an example is taken in which the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after soft demodulation to the second unit.
  • the first unit the multi-user/multi-data stream detection and soft demodulation are completed, and the log likelihood ratio information output by the soft demodulation is quantized, and the data packet message through the data interface is sent to the corresponding second unit;
  • the second unit after extracting the log-likelihood ratio information, the second unit combines the log-likelihood ratios corresponding to the same data stream of the same user received from one or more first units, and after the combination It is decoded and passed to the MAC layer after decoding.
  • the sending of the multiple uplink data streams by the first unit to the second unit may also be the multiple uplink data streams before soft demodulation.
  • the multiple downlink data streams include multiple data streams delivered to multiple terminals or multiple data streams of a single terminal. It can be understood that a single terminal may also receive the same data stream through different antenna units, or may receive multiple different data streams through different antenna units.
  • the data flow refers to the data flow of multiple users/or a single user on the same time-frequency resource to be sent by the base station.
  • the functions of the first unit and the second unit are segmented at the data flow level, and the functions between the first unit and the second unit are segmented at the (forward error correction ) after encoding and before pre-encoding.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood as a new Option 7 solution, and can also be understood as a new Option 6 and Option 7 solution. It can be understood with reference to FIG.
  • the first unit may perform multi-data stream/multi-user precoding, and the second unit may perform encoding, layer mapping, and modulation; it may be that the first unit performs modulation and multi-data stream/multi-user precoding, The second unit performs layer mapping and coding; it is also possible that the first unit performs layer mapping, modulation and multi-stream/multi-user precoding, and the second unit performs coding.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data flows to corresponding first units, including:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of modulated downlink data streams after layer mapping to the first unit
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams that are mapped to the first unit and before modulation
  • the second unit maps the multiple downlink data streams before the distribution layer to the first unit.
  • the data stream sent by the second unit to the first unit may be a modulated signal after layer mapping, or bit information after layer mapping but before modulation.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of division of data downlink functions of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the second unit sends multiple downlink data streams before modulation to the first unit.
  • the information of multiple users issued by the upper layer (MAC layer) is encoded respectively, and then sent to the first unit through the data interface after encoding.
  • the first unit after extracting the encoded bit information, each The information of each user goes through layer mapping, modulation, and multi-user precoding.
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • a precoded data stream is obtained.
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel moment between the antenna unit connected to the first unit and the user (terminal) according to the sounding channels of one or more users in the uplink process. Then calculate the downlink precoding matrix according to the calibration coefficients obtained from the air interface calibration between the antenna units in the system, and then complete the precoding of the data stream.
  • the downlink data stream is sent to the corresponding terminal through the precoding and the wireless unit antenna unit deployed in a distributed manner.
  • downlink transmission is extended to different first units.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit;
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the third unit
  • the third unit is used to obtain the channel matrix estimation of the second unit, and calculate the calibration coefficient through the channel matrix estimation, and the channel matrix estimation of the second unit is calculated according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit calculates a channel matrix estimate between the antenna units according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the channel matrix estimate to the second unit
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit, and the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit is calculated according to the channel matrix estimation.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • Method 1 The first unit sends the extracted air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit, and the second unit completes the channel matrix estimation between the antenna units, and sends the estimation result to the third unit, and the third unit realizes the The calibration coefficients of all managed antenna units are calculated, and then the third unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration coefficients of the antenna unit to the first unit connected to the antenna unit; that is, the first unit, the second unit and the third unit interact with each other , are involved in the calculation of calibration coefficients.
  • the first unit estimates the channel matrix between the antenna units with the extracted air interface reciprocity calibration signal, and then sends the channel matrix to a second unit, and the second unit calculates the channel matrix managed by each first unit.
  • the calibration coefficient of the antenna unit is to send the calibration coefficient to each first unit; that is, the first unit and the second unit participate in the calculation of the calibration coefficient.
  • the generation of the downlink precoding depends on the reciprocity calibration of the transmitting and receiving channels of the antenna unit.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for realizing the calibration function.
  • the antenna unit side calibration transparent to the terminal is adopted, and the third unit can realize the calibration of the antenna units participating in the cooperation, or the second unit can perform the calibration according to multiple A calibration signal transmitted from the first unit to the second unit to realize the air interface calibration between multiple antenna units.
  • the second unit sends the plurality of downlink data streams to the first unit through a data interface, including:
  • the second unit distributes a data packet to the first unit through a data interface, and the data packet has multiple downlink data flows.
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of downstream data streams to the first unit through a data interface.
  • the data packets of the data interfaces of the first unit and the second unit in the non-cellular wireless access network have the following characteristics: the data interface performs packet grouping according to the data flow, and the header of the data packet of the data interface includes at least one of the following Item: Ethernet physical address of the first unit and the second unit, index number of the data stream, user number to which the data stream belongs, and number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, subband number, time slot number, Radio frame number.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the second unit also needs to send some interface configuration information of layer 2 (L2/high layer/MAC layer) and layer 1 (L1/physical layer).
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the first unit may distinguish between different data streams of the same terminal or data streams of different terminals during the precoding process according to the terminal and/or data stream labels in the header of the data packet, so as to transmit data to the corresponding terminal through the antenna unit Send downstream data stream.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the total number of antennas connected to the i-th first unit in the system is N i
  • the total user data flow served by the first unit on the same time-frequency resource is Si.
  • the received signal received by the ith first unit can be expressed as,
  • y i represents the received signal of the i-th first unit (dimension N i ⁇ 1)
  • x i represents the transmitted signal of all users served by the i-th first unit (dimension S i ⁇ 1)
  • Hi represents the The channel matrix (dimension N i ⁇ S i ) from all users served by the i first unit to all its antenna units
  • x ⁇ i means that the same time-frequency resource is shared except for the users (terminals) served by the i first unit signals from other users of the i-th first unit (dimension S ⁇ i ⁇ 1)
  • H ⁇ i represents the channel matrix (dimension N i ⁇ S ⁇ i )
  • z i represents additive Gaussian white noise (dimension N i ⁇ 1).
  • the signal of the user (terminal) not served by the first unit is considered in the received signal, and it is regarded as interference, and the interference and noise are estimated, which can effectively suppress the interference.
  • the third unit notifies the i-th first unit of the number of users served on the same time-frequency resource in the system through the second unit, and the sequence and format of the uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) of the user serving the uplink service, and the uplink The sequence and format of the modulation pilot (DM-RS) of the served user.
  • SRS uplink sounding reference signal
  • DM-RS modulation pilot
  • the i-th first unit it can estimate the uplink channel information of all users according to the SRS, and obtain the statistical channel information of the uplink users, such as large scale, time delay and other information.
  • the first unit can estimate the channel matrix H i of the user it serves and the channel matrix H ⁇ i of other interfering users according to the DM-RS.
  • the i-th first unit can use a traditional detection method to obtain an estimate of the transmitted signal for the user it serves.
  • linear minimum mean square error Linear minimum mean square error, LMMSE
  • LMMSE linear minimum mean square error
  • LMMSE linear minimum mean square error
  • H represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix
  • ⁇ 2 represents the noise variance
  • (Formula 2) implements distributed detection, which only relies on locally obtained channel information and locally received signals. But this only utilizes the signal of a first unit, no There is no way to obtain the superior performance of ultra-large scale cooperative MIMO.
  • the detection of (Equation 2) can be implemented at every first unit. Then, the detection signal of the user obtained by the first unit may be sent to the second unit to complete the combination. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the data stream of the same user can only be sent to one second unit.
  • the combined signal can be expressed as,
  • ⁇ is a diagonal array, that is, in the second unit, interference suppression between users can be realized after combining.
  • the total number of antennas connected to the i-th first unit in the system is N i
  • the total user data flow served by the first unit on the same time-frequency resource is Si.
  • the i-th first unit obtains H i according to the uplink channel estimation.
  • the i-th first unit can use the zero-forcing algorithm to calculate the downlink precoding matrix.
  • the calculation formula is, Where ⁇ is the power normalization factor, the superscript T indicates matrix transposition, and the superscript * indicates the conjugation of each element of the matrix.
  • downlink transmission is also scalable.
  • the data packet from the second unit to the first unit can send the bit information before modulation according to the user, and complete the modulation and layer mapping in the first unit according to the number of layers allocated by the user .
  • the combination given above is implemented at the detector output (performed in the second unit).
  • the first unit may send the SINR of the output data stream to the second unit, so that the second unit can achieve a better combining effect.
  • the combination may also be completed by the second unit after demodulation.
  • each antenna has L antennas, and there are K data streams in the system.
  • each antenna unit directly outputs K data streams to the second unit, and the quantization of each data is quantized according to 8 bits.
  • the total number of subcarriers considered by the system is Q, so , and its total forwarding overhead is 8NKQ.
  • the quantization from the antenna unit to the first unit adopts 8-bit quantization
  • the fronthaul overhead of the system is (8NL+8MK)Q.
  • the fronthaul overhead of the traditional non-cellular system is 4096Q
  • the fronthaul overhead of the embodiment of the present disclosure is 1536Q.
  • the overhead is 37.5% of the traditional architecture.
  • the advantage of the fronthaul overhead of the new architecture will be more obvious.
  • the overhead of the traditional system is 16384Q
  • the fronthaul overhead of the embodiment of the present disclosure is 1536Q, which is 9.38% of the traditional architecture.
  • the antenna unit sends the multiple uplink data streams sent by the terminal to the first unit, and/or receives the precoded data stream sent by the first unit, and sends
  • the precoded data stream is sent to the corresponding terminal, that is, it can avoid the detection output of each antenna unit in the traditional non-cellular architecture or the signal of all users served by the precoding module, but each antenna unit unifies multiple uplink data streams Send to the first unit for unified detection and separation, and/or, the first unit performs unified precoding on multiple downlink data streams and then sends them to the corresponding antenna unit, which enables the antenna unit to perform centralized output during the uplink process, and/or Or, the antenna unit adopts a centralized input in the downlink process, thereby reducing the front-transmission overhead of the antenna unit and improving the joint transmission efficiency of each antenna unit. Capability, thereby improving the scalability of the number of antenna units without cells, thereby improving communication performance, and realizing cell-free expansion.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a data uplink method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a network device.
  • the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit.
  • the specific structure of the above network device Referring to the schematic diagrams of the network architecture shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the above-mentioned network devices can be understood as non-cellular distributed MIMO.
  • the network device further includes a third unit.
  • the network device may be a base station.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 801 the antenna unit receives multiple uplink data streams.
  • the network device includes multiple antenna units, and the above antenna units are deployed in a distributed manner, and can provide services for multiple users/terminals on the same time-frequency resource through cooperation. That is, in the communication system under this architecture, multiple user terminals (UEs) can work on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the antenna unit may be used to complete radio frequency transmission and reception, and optionally, the antenna unit may also be used to complete functions such as up-down conversion and digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the antenna unit is used to receive multiple uplink data streams.
  • each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units, and each antenna unit may be configured with one or more antennas.
  • the multiple uplink data streams include multiple data streams of multiple terminals or multiple data streams of a single terminal. It can be understood that a single terminal may also uplink the same data stream through different antenna units, or uplink multiple different data streams through different antenna units, and the uplink data streams of different terminals are different data streams.
  • the multiple uplink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the multiple uplink data streams received by the antenna unit are signals superimposed on each other in the air of the multiple data streams, and the first unit obtains the multiple data streams superimposed on each other from the above antenna unit,
  • the detector detects the output data streams of multiple users or multiple data streams of a single user.
  • Step 802 the first unit acquires and detects the multiple uplink data streams, and sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit according to the detection result.
  • the core function received by the first unit includes the separation of spatial data streams Or detection, optionally, is specifically used to complete the baseband signal processing function, including baseband signal transmission and reception functions.
  • the above-mentioned first unit is also used to perform functions such as channel estimation, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream detection, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream precoding, and calibration signal extraction in baseband signal processing.
  • the antenna unit is connected to the first unit through a high-speed link, and the first unit can perform signal aggregation (uplink process) and distribution functions (downlink process) of multiple antenna units.
  • the above-mentioned first unit obtains multiple uplink data streams from the antenna unit, and detects the source of the multiple uplink data streams through the detector, which can be understood as detecting that the multiple uplink data streams come from different terminals and/or different data streams from the same terminal. It can also be understood that after the first unit gathers signals of multiple antenna units, it completes the joint multi-user detection process, and sends the user data stream output by the detection to the designated second unit.
  • the above-mentioned second unit may be directly connected to multiple first units, or may be connected to multiple first units through a switch.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the uplink data stream of the same terminal detected by the multiple first units is sent to the same second unit.
  • Uplink data streams of the same terminal processed by multiple first units can only be sent to one second unit, or in other words, all data streams (one or more data streams) of the same terminal can only be sent to the same second unit;
  • the downlink data stream of the same terminal can only be sent from the second unit to multiple first units.
  • each first unit and each second unit can realize the mutual transmission of data without switching through the switch, or can realize the mutual transmission of data through the switching of the switch, or Part of the first unit and the second unit may pass through the switch terminal, and part of the first unit and the second unit may not pass through the switch.
  • the first unit acquires and detects the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the first unit obtains the plurality of uplink data streams from the antenna unit;
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix between the antenna unit and the terminal according to the uplink demodulation reference signal and the number of data streams supported by the network device;
  • the dimension of the uplink channel matrix is N i ⁇ S i , where N i is the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the ith first unit, and S i is the total number of antennas to be detected by the first unit The number of data streams.
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix (the matrix dimension is N i ⁇ S i , wherein N i represents the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the i-th first unit, S i represents the total number of data streams to be detected by the first unit), and then completes the detection of each data stream.
  • the first unit may also be used to complete soft demodulation.
  • the first unit sending the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit includes:
  • the first unit sends the plurality of upstream data streams to the second unit through a data interface.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit through a data interface, including:
  • the first unit sends a data packet to the second unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes the plurality of uplink data streams.
  • the data interface may be an enhanced common radio interface (evolved Common Public Radio Interface, eCPRI), and the eCPRI may also be called an evolved common public radio interface. It can be understood that the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • eCPRI evolved Common Public Radio Interface
  • the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • the data packets of the data interface of the first unit and the second unit in the non-cellular wireless access network have the following characteristics: the data interface performs packet grouping according to the data flow, and the data packet header of the data interface includes at least one of the following: The Ethernet physical address of the first unit and the second unit, the index number of the data stream, the user number to which the data stream belongs, and the number of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, the subband number, the time slot number, and the radio frame serial number.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the header information of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the above-mentioned first unit detects the source of the plurality of uplink data streams through a detector, and based on the detection result, the data source may be recorded in the header information of the data packet in the form of a terminal and/or data stream label, and the above-mentioned first After the unit sends the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit in the form of data packets, the second unit can combine the data stream signals of the same data source in the multiple uplink data streams.
  • Step 803 the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple uplink data streams; wherein, the data sources of the same data stream signals are the same.
  • the above-mentioned second unit may be used to execute the physical layer (L1) and/or the higher layer (L2, or MAC layer) function.
  • the above-mentioned second unit completes the information processing of the physical layer and the high layer and the allocation of multi-user space-time-frequency resources.
  • the baseband physical layer signal processing of the second unit mainly includes: combining uplink data belonging to the same data stream sent by the first unit, distributing multiple downlink data streams to the corresponding first unit, antenna Functions such as channel estimation required for inter-unit calibration.
  • the same terminal can uplink the same data stream, or uplink different data streams.
  • the first unit distinguishes different data streams by detecting uplink data, and can mark them with terminal and/or data stream identifiers (labels) based on the detection results
  • the second unit combines the uplink data belonging to the same data stream, that is, combines the data streams from the same data source in the same terminal.
  • the second unit combines signals of the same data stream in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the same data stream signals in the data streams are combined according to the payload of the data packets.
  • the header information of the packets is the same, and the addresses of the first units of the header information of the data packets of the same data stream may be the same or different.
  • the message of the data packets The addresses of the first units of the header information are the same, but when collected by different first units, the addresses of the first units of the header information of the data packets are different.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection or soft demodulation.
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs normalization processing on the noise of the output signal of the first unit;
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs unbiased processing on the plurality of uplink data streams to be detected, and adds the The average value of the variance of the interference plus noise of the data stream detection output;
  • the second unit combines the soft demodulated digital signals at the same scale.
  • the same scale can be understood as the same number of integer bits before the decimal point of the digital signal.
  • the second unit combines signals of the same data stream in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams are averaged and combined or combined with interference suppression.
  • the combination method can adopt direct averaging, interference suppression combination and so on.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after soft demodulation
  • the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple uplink data streams, including: The same data stream signals are averaged and combined.
  • the merging method can adopt direct averaging.
  • the second unit combines signals of the same data stream in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • Option 8 usually refers to the interface between the radio frequency (RF) and the physical layer (PHY), and the interface exchanges time-domain signals.
  • Option 7 (Option 7) is usually the interface between the low-order physical layer (Low PHY) and the high-order physical layer (High PHY), and the interface exchanges frequency domain signals.
  • the existing Option 7 generally includes Option 7-2a and Option 7-2b.
  • Option 7-2a Low PHY handles adding/removing cyclic prefix, fast Fourier transform (FFT)/inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), random access signal extraction, phase compensation, etc.
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • the Low PHY needs to complete the digital precoding in addition to the 7-2a function, and the precoding is generated by the previous High PHY.
  • the above-mentioned functions of the first unit and the second unit are divided at the data flow level.
  • the function segmentation between the first unit and the second unit is performed after multi-data stream/multi-user detection and before (forward error correction) decoding.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure can be understood as a new Option 7 solution, and can also be understood as a new Option 6 and Option 7 solution. It can be understood with reference to FIG.
  • the first unit may perform multi-data stream/multi-user detection, and the second unit may perform soft demodulation, delayer mapping and decoding; it may be the first unit One unit performs multi-data stream/multi-user detection and soft demodulation, and the second unit performs de-layer mapping and decoding; it can also be that the first unit performs multi-data stream/multi-user detection, soft demodulation and de-layer mapping, and the second unit Perform decoding.
  • the first unit sends the multiple uplink data flows to the second unit, including any of the following:
  • the first unit sends multiple upstream data streams before soft demodulation to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after soft demodulation and before delayer mapping to the second unit;
  • the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after layer demapping but before decoding to the second unit.
  • the soft demodulation may be a demodulation manner of outputting a logarithmic likelihood ratio.
  • the multiple uplink data streams sent by the first unit to the second unit are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple uplink data streams, including:
  • the second unit combines the log likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream according to the detection result, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit .
  • the data stream output by the first unit to the second unit may be an un-demodulated signal output by the detector, and correspondingly, in the second unit, the received multiple first The same data stream signals of one unit are combined; the data stream output from the first unit to the second unit can also be the log likelihood ratio information after demodulation, correspondingly, in the second unit, the received more The log likelihood ratio information of the same data stream of the first unit is combined.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of division of data uplink functions of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, and an example is taken in which the first unit sends multiple uplink data streams after soft demodulation to the second unit.
  • the first unit the multi-user/multi-data stream detection and soft demodulation are completed, and the log likelihood ratio information output by the soft demodulation is quantized, and the data packet message through the data interface is sent to the corresponding second unit;
  • the second unit after extracting the log-likelihood ratio information, the second unit combines the log-likelihood ratios corresponding to the same data stream of the same user received from one or more first units, and after the combination conduct Decode and pass to the MAC layer after decoding.
  • the sending of the multiple uplink data streams by the first unit to the second unit may also be the multiple uplink data streams before soft demodulation.
  • the method also includes:
  • the network device further includes a third unit, and the method further includes:
  • the third unit determines at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the above association relationship is determined by the third unit, so as to determine the data transmission path between the first unit and the second unit.
  • the third unit determines the association between the user data flow and the first unit and the second unit, and the third unit determines the user (terminal) and the antenna unit according to the user's location or the user's channel prior information association, and also determine the association between the user and the first unit; the third unit determines the association between the user and the second unit, and a user is only associated with one second unit.
  • the first first unit can be connected to multiple second units, and one second unit can also be connected to multiple first units.
  • the basic principles of association include: balancing the load of multiple second units, and avoiding the One unit accesses the second unit across the switch.
  • the third unit the third unit is directly connected or connected to multiple second units through a switch.
  • the third unit is used to determine the correspondence between the data streams of the first unit and the second unit. According to the association between the user data stream determined by the third unit and the first unit and the second unit, the uplink data stream of the same terminal processed by multiple first units can only be sent to one second unit, similarly, the downlink data stream of the same terminal Streams can only be sent from this second unit to multiple first units.
  • the second unit and the third unit can realize the mutual data transmission without switching through the switch, or can realize the mutual transmission of data through the switching through the switch.
  • Each antenna unit in the related art implements multi-user precoding and multi-user signal separation independently and fully distributedly, and different antenna units can be understood as different cells.
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams received by different antenna units can be combined and processed, and the terminal does not need the terminal to perform cell switching during the data uplink and downlink process, which can realize user-centered data combination and data distribution, thereby It really breaks through the limitation of cellular and supports large-scale coverage, so that the non-cellular distributed MIMO realizes the decentralized cooperative transmission method.
  • the relevant processes and units involved in the above data uplink method can be understood as a brand-new implementation method of a non-cellular wireless access network.
  • the above method can be applied to existing or future communication systems/processes such as 5G and 6G.
  • the total number of antennas connected to the i-th first unit in the system is N i
  • the total user data flow served by the first unit on the same time-frequency resource is Si.
  • the received signal received by the ith first unit can be expressed as,
  • y i represents the received signal of the i-th first unit (dimension N i ⁇ 1)
  • x i represents the transmitted signal of all users served by the i-th first unit (dimension S i ⁇ 1)
  • Hi represents the The channel matrix (dimension N i ⁇ S i ) from all users served by the i first unit to all its antenna units
  • x ⁇ i means that the same time-frequency resource is shared except for the users (terminals) served by the i first unit signals from other users of the i-th first unit (dimension S ⁇ i ⁇ 1)
  • H ⁇ i represents the channel matrix (dimension N i ⁇ S ⁇ i )
  • z i represents additive Gaussian white noise (dimension N i ⁇ 1).
  • the signal of the user (terminal) not served by the first unit is considered in the received signal, and it is regarded as interference, and the interference and noise are estimated, which can effectively suppress the interference.
  • the third unit notifies the i-th first unit of the number of users served on the same time-frequency resource in the system, the sequence and format of the uplink sounding pilot (SRS) of the user serving the uplink service, and the number of users serving the uplink service through the second unit.
  • Modulation pilot (DM-RS) sequence and format.
  • the i-th first unit it can estimate the uplink channel information of all users according to the SRS, and obtain the statistical channel information of the uplink users, such as large scale, time delay and other information.
  • the first unit can estimate the channel matrix H i of the user it serves and the channel matrix H ⁇ i of other interfering users according to the DM-RS.
  • the i-th first unit can use a traditional detection method to obtain an estimate of the transmitted signal for the user it serves.
  • LMMSE linear minimum mean square error
  • the maximum ratio combining, zero-forcing detection, maximum likelihood detection and other detection It is also feasible. in, Represents the information of each user (terminal) output after detection, the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix, ⁇ 2 represents the noise variance, Represents the N i ⁇ N i identity matrix. It is assumed here that the power of the transmitted signal is normalized. It can be seen that (Formula 2) implements distributed detection, which only relies on locally obtained channel information and locally received signals. However, this method only utilizes the signal of one first unit, and cannot obtain the superior performance of ultra-large-scale cooperative MIMO.
  • the detection of (Equation 2) can be implemented at every first unit. Then, the detection signal of the user obtained by the first unit may be sent to the second unit to complete the combination. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the data stream of the same user can only be sent to one second unit.
  • the combined signal can be expressed as,
  • ⁇ is a diagonal array, that is, in the second unit, interference suppression between users can be realized after combining.
  • the combination given above is implemented at the detector output (performed in the second unit).
  • the first unit may send the SINR of the output data stream to the second unit, so that the second unit can achieve a better combining effect.
  • the second unit may Yuan completes the merger.
  • the data uplink method in this embodiment is applied to a network device, and the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit; the antenna unit receives multiple uplink data streams; the first unit acquires and detects The multiple uplink data streams, and according to the detection result, send the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit; the second unit combines the same data stream signals in the multiple uplink data streams.
  • the detection (separation) of multi-user space data streams is realized in the first unit, and the user-centric data merging is realized in the second unit. Since the distributed detection and centralized combination are realized in the first unit and the second unit, the organic combination of distributed and centralized can be achieved, and unlimited expansion without cells can be realized.
  • This solution can realize unlimited expansion of cell-free networking and user-centered cell-free networking; and the antenna unit can output in a centralized manner during the uplink process, thereby reducing the system's front-haul overhead and improving the joint transmission efficiency of each antenna unit. Capability, thereby improving the scalability of the number of antenna units without cells, thereby improving communication performance, and realizing cell-free expansion.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a data downlink method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a network device.
  • the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit.
  • the network device may be base station.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 901 the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit.
  • the multiple downlink data streams include multiple data streams delivered to multiple terminals or multiple data streams of a single terminal. It can be understood that a single terminal may also receive the same data stream through different antenna units, or may receive multiple different data streams through different antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the downlink data stream of the same terminal is distributed through the same second unit.
  • the multiple downlink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the data flow refers to the data flow of multiple users/or a single user on the same time-frequency resource to be sent by the base station.
  • Step 902. The first unit precodes the multiple downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, and sends the precoded data streams to corresponding antenna units.
  • the core function of the above-mentioned first unit includes precoding, and may also include precoding weight calculation.
  • it is specifically used to complete the baseband signal processing function, including baseband signal transmission and Receive function.
  • the above-mentioned first unit is also used to perform functions such as channel estimation, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream detection, multi-user (terminal)/multi-data stream precoding, and calibration signal extraction in baseband signal processing.
  • the first unit After the first unit receives the signals of multiple user data streams sent by at least one second unit, it obtains the downlink channel according to the locally obtained uplink channel detection and undergoes air interface reciprocity calibration, completes joint multi-user precoding, and forms The multi-antenna signals are sent to each antenna element.
  • the network device further includes a third unit, and the method further includes:
  • the third unit is configured to determine at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the above association relationship is determined by the third unit, so as to determine the data transmission path between the first unit and the second unit.
  • the third unit determines the association between the user and the second unit, and a user is only associated with one second unit.
  • the basic principle of the association includes: balancing the load of multiple second units, and trying to avoid the first unit from accessing the second unit across switches.
  • the first unit precodes the multiple downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, including:
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix between the antenna unit and the terminal according to the uplink sounding channel of the terminal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit is calibrated according to the air interface between the antenna units;
  • the first unit obtains a downlink precoding matrix according to the uplink channel matrix and calibration coefficients
  • the first unit obtains a precoded data stream according to the downlink precoding matrix.
  • the first unit estimates the uplink channel matrix between the antenna unit connected to the first unit and the user (terminal) according to the sounding channels of one or more users in the uplink process, and then according to the antenna unit in the system Calibration coefficients obtained by air interface calibration between units are used to calculate the downlink precoding matrix, and then complete precoding on the data stream.
  • the downlink data stream is sent to the corresponding terminal through the precoding and the wireless unit antenna unit deployed in a distributed manner.
  • downlink transmission is extended to different first units.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit;
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the third unit
  • the third unit is used to obtain the channel matrix estimation of the second unit, and calculate the calibration coefficient through the channel matrix estimation, and the channel matrix estimation of the second unit is calculated according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit calculates a channel matrix estimate between the antenna units according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the channel matrix estimate to the second unit
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit, and the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit is calculated according to the channel matrix estimation.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • Method 1 The first unit sends the extracted air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit, and the second unit completes the channel matrix estimation between the antenna units, and sends the estimation result to the third unit, and the third unit realizes the The calibration coefficients of all managed antenna units are calculated, and then the third unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration coefficients of the antenna unit to the first unit connected to the antenna unit; that is, the first unit, the second unit and the third unit interact with each other , are involved in the calculation of calibration coefficients.
  • Method 2 The first unit estimates the channel matrix between the antenna units with the extracted air interface reciprocity calibration signal, and then sends the channel matrix to a second unit, and the second unit calculates each
  • the first unit manages the calibration coefficients of the antenna units, and sends the calibration coefficients to each first unit; that is, the first unit and the second unit participate in the calculation of the calibration coefficients.
  • the generation of the downlink precoding depends on the reciprocity calibration of the transmitting and receiving channels of the antenna unit.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for realizing the calibration function.
  • the antenna unit side calibration transparent to the terminal is adopted, and the third unit can realize the calibration of the antenna units participating in the cooperation, or the second unit can perform the calibration according to multiple A calibration signal transmitted from the first unit to the second unit to realize the air interface calibration between multiple antenna units.
  • the antenna unit is connected to the first unit through a high-speed link, and the first unit can perform signal aggregation (uplink process) and distribution functions (downlink process) of multiple antenna units.
  • the above-mentioned second unit may be directly connected to multiple first units, or may be connected to multiple first units through a switch.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the uplink data stream of the same terminal detected by the multiple first units is sent to the same second unit.
  • the uplink data stream of the same terminal processed by multiple first units can only be sent to one second unit, and similarly, the downlink data stream of the same terminal can only be sent from the second unit to multiple first units.
  • each first unit and each second unit can realize the mutual transmission of data without switching through the switch, or can realize the mutual transmission of data through the switching of the switch, or Part of the first unit and the second unit may pass through the switch terminal, and part of the first unit and the second unit may not pass through the switch.
  • the above-mentioned functions of the first unit and the second unit are divided at the data flow level.
  • the function segmentation between the first unit and the second unit is performed after (forward error correction) encoding and before pre-encoding.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood as a new Option 7 solution, and can also be understood as a new Option 6 and Option 7 solution. It can be understood with reference to FIG.
  • the first unit may perform multi-data stream/multi-user precoding, and the second unit may perform encoding, layer mapping, and modulation; it may be that the first unit performs modulation and multi-data stream/multi-user precoding, The second unit performs layer mapping and coding; it is also possible that the first unit performs layer mapping, modulation and multi-stream/multi-user precoding, and the second unit performs coding.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data flows to the first unit, including:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of modulated downlink data streams after layer mapping to the first unit
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams that are mapped to the first unit and before modulation
  • the second unit maps the multiple downlink data streams before the distribution layer to the first unit.
  • the data stream sent by the second unit to the first unit may be a modulated signal after layer mapping, or bit information after layer mapping but before modulation.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of division of data downlink functions of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the second unit sends multiple downlink data streams before modulation to the first unit.
  • the information of multiple users issued by the upper layer (MAC layer) is encoded respectively, and then sent to the first unit through the data interface after encoding.
  • the first unit after extracting the encoded bit information, each The information of each user goes through layer mapping, modulation, and multi-user precoding.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit, including:
  • the second unit distributes a plurality of downstream data streams to the first unit through a data interface.
  • the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit through a data interface, including:
  • the second unit distributes a data packet to the first unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes a plurality of downstream data streams.
  • the data interface may be an enhanced public radio interface eCPRI (evolved Common Public Radio Interface), and the eCPRI may also be called an evolved common public radio interface. It can be understood that the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • eCPRI evolved Common Public Radio Interface
  • the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • the data packets of the data interfaces of the first unit and the second unit in the non-cellular wireless access network have the following characteristics: the data interface performs packet grouping according to the data flow, and the data packet header of the data interface includes at least one of the following : the Ethernet physical address of the first unit and the second unit, the index number of the data stream, the user number to which the data stream belongs, and the number of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, subband number, time slot number, wireless frame number.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the second unit also needs to send some interface configuration information of layer 2 (L2/high layer/MAC layer) and layer 1 (L1/physical layer).
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the first unit may distinguish between different data streams of the same terminal or data streams of different terminals during the precoding process according to the terminal and/or data stream labels in the header of the data packet, so as to transmit data to the corresponding terminal through the antenna unit Send downstream data stream.
  • Step 903 the antenna unit sends the downlink data stream to the corresponding terminal.
  • the network device includes multiple antenna units, and the above antenna units are deployed in a distributed manner, and can provide services for multiple users/terminals on the same time-frequency resource through cooperation. That is, in the communication system under this architecture, multiple user terminals (UEs) can work on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the antenna unit may be used to complete radio frequency transmission and reception.
  • the antenna unit may also be used to complete functions such as up-down conversion and digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the antenna unit is used to receive the downlink data stream sent by the first unit.
  • the foregoing second unit may be a physical layer (L1) and/or a higher layer (L2 or MAC layer).
  • L1 physical layer
  • L2 higher layer
  • the above-mentioned second unit completes high-level information processing of the physical layer and allocation of multi-user space-time-frequency resources.
  • the baseband physical layer signal processing of the second unit mainly includes: combining uplink data belonging to the same data stream sent by the first unit, distributing multiple downlink data streams to the corresponding first unit, antenna Functions such as channel estimation required for inter-unit calibration.
  • the third unit the third unit is directly connected or connected to multiple second units through a switch.
  • the third unit is used to determine the correspondence between the data streams of the first unit and the second unit. According to the association between the user data stream determined by the third unit and the first unit and the second unit, the uplink data stream of the same terminal processed by multiple first units can only be sent to one second unit, similarly, the downlink data stream of the same terminal Streams can only be sent from this second unit to multiple first units.
  • the second unit and the third unit can realize the mutual data transmission without switching through the switch, or can realize the mutual transmission of data through the switching through the switch.
  • Each antenna unit in the related art implements multi-user precoding and multi-user signal separation independently and fully distributedly, and different antenna units can be understood as different cells.
  • It can combine and distribute the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams received by different antenna units, and the terminal does not need to perform cell switching during the data uplink and downlink process, which can realize user-centered data combination and data transmission.
  • Distribution so as to truly break through the limitation of the cell, support a wide range of coverage, so that the non-cellular distributed MIMO realizes the decentralized cooperative transmission method.
  • the total number of antennas connected to the i-th first unit in the system is N i
  • the total user data flow served by the first unit on the same time-frequency resource is Si.
  • the i-th first unit obtains H i according to the uplink channel estimation.
  • the i-th first unit can use the zero-forcing algorithm to calculate the downlink precoding matrix.
  • the calculation formula is, Where ⁇ is the power normalization factor, the superscript T indicates matrix transposition, and the superscript * indicates the conjugation of each element of the matrix.
  • downlink transmission is also scalable.
  • the data packet from the second unit to the first unit can send the bit information before modulation according to the user, and complete the modulation and layer mapping in the first unit according to the number of layers allocated by the user .
  • the relevant processes and units involved in the above data uplink method can be understood as a brand-new implementation method of a non-cellular wireless access network.
  • the above method can be applied to existing or future communication systems/processes such as 5G and 6G.
  • this embodiment is an implementation manner of data downlink corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and its specific implementation manner can refer to the relevant description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 . To avoid repeated description, This embodiment will not be described in detail.
  • the data downlink method in this embodiment is applied to a network device, and the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit, and the second unit distributes multiple downlink data streams to the first unit;
  • the first unit precodes the plurality of downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, and sends the precoded data streams to corresponding antenna units;
  • the antenna unit sends downlink data streams to corresponding terminals.
  • the precoding (convergence) of multi-user space data streams is realized, and in The second unit implements user-centric data distribution. Since the distributed precoding and centralized distribution are realized in the first unit and the second unit, the organic combination of distributed and centralized can be achieved, and unlimited expansion without cells can be realized.
  • the antenna unit adopts centralized input in the downlink process, thereby reducing the system's front-haul overhead, and can improve the joint transmission capability of each antenna unit, thereby increasing the number of non-cellular antenna units Scalability to improve communication performance and enable cellular-free expansion.
  • the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit;
  • the antenna unit is used to receive multiple uplink data streams
  • the first unit is configured to acquire and detect the multiple uplink data streams, and send the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit according to the detection result;
  • the second unit is configured to combine signals of the same data stream in the plurality of uplink data streams; wherein the signals of the same data stream are sent by the same terminal.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the uplink data stream of the same terminal detected by the multiple first units is sent to the same second unit.
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • the dimension of the uplink channel matrix is N i ⁇ S i , where N i is the total number of antennas of all antenna units connected to the ith first unit, and S i is the total number of antennas to be detected by the first unit The number of data streams.
  • the multiple uplink data streams sent by the first unit to the second unit are demodulated log likelihood ratio information
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the logarithmic likelihood ratio information of the same data stream signal in the data stream is combined, and the detection result is sent to the second unit by the first unit.
  • the second unit is also used for:
  • the first unit sending the multiple uplink data streams to the second unit includes:
  • the first unit sends a data packet to the second unit through a data interface, and the data packet includes the plurality of uplink data streams.
  • the data interface may be an enhanced common radio interface (evolved Common Public Radio Interface, eCPRI), and the eCPRI may also be called an evolved common public radio interface. It can be understood that the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • eCPRI evolved Common Public Radio Interface
  • the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • the header information of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the same data stream signals in the data streams are combined according to the payload of the data packets.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection or soft demodulation.
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs normalization processing on the noise of the output signal of the first unit;
  • the first unit when the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after detection, the first unit performs unbiased processing on the plurality of uplink data streams to be detected, and adds the The average value of the variance of the interference plus noise of the data stream detection output;
  • the second unit combines the soft demodulated digital signals at the same scale.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the same data stream signals in multiple uplink data streams are averaged and combined or combined with interference suppression.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after soft demodulation
  • the second unit is specifically configured to average and combine the same data stream signals in the data stream.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the network device further includes a third unit, the third unit is configured to:
  • the multiple uplink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the network device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is a device capable of performing the above-mentioned data uplink method, and all the implementations in the above-mentioned data uplink method embodiment are applicable to the network device, and can achieve the same or similar Beneficial effect.
  • the network device includes: a first unit, a second unit, and an antenna unit;
  • the second unit is configured to distribute multiple downlink data streams to the first unit
  • the first unit is configured to precode the multiple downlink data streams to obtain precoded data streams, and send the precoded data streams to corresponding antenna units;
  • the antenna unit is configured to send a downlink data stream to a corresponding terminal.
  • the network device includes multiple first units, where each first unit is connected to multiple antenna units.
  • the network device includes multiple second units, and the downlink data stream of the same terminal is distributed through the same second unit.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the network device further includes a third unit, configured to determine at least one of the following items according to the location of the terminal or the channel prior information of the terminal:
  • the first unit is specifically used for:
  • the first unit estimates the distance between the antenna unit and the terminal according to the uplink sounding channel of the terminal Uplink channel matrix
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit is calibrated according to the air interface between the antenna units;
  • the first unit obtains a downlink precoding matrix according to the uplink channel matrix and calibration coefficients
  • the first unit obtains a precoded data stream according to the downlink precoding matrix.
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the air interface reciprocity calibration signal to the second unit;
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the third unit
  • the third unit is used to obtain the channel matrix estimation of the second unit, and calculate the calibration coefficient through the channel matrix estimation, and the channel matrix estimation of the second unit is calculated according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal;
  • the calibration coefficient obtained by the first unit according to the air interface calibration between the antenna units includes:
  • the first unit extracts an air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit calculates a channel matrix estimate between the antenna units according to the air interface reciprocity calibration signal
  • the first unit sends the channel matrix estimate to the second unit
  • the first unit receives the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit, and the calibration coefficient sent by the second unit is calculated according to the channel matrix estimation.
  • the second unit is specifically used for:
  • the data interface may be an enhanced common radio interface (evolved Common Public Radio Interface, eCPRI), and the eCPRI may also be called an evolved common public radio interface. It can be understood that the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • eCPRI evolved Common Public Radio Interface
  • the data interface may also be other data transmission interfaces.
  • the payload of the data packet is a quantized digital signal after modulation, or bit information before modulation.
  • the header of the data packet includes a terminal and/or label of the data flow.
  • the multiple downlink data streams are spatial domain data streams transmitted on the same time-frequency resource.
  • the network device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is a device capable of performing the above-mentioned data downlink method, and all the implementation methods in the above-mentioned data downlink method embodiment are applicable to the network device, and can achieve the same or similar Beneficial effect.
  • the network device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is a device capable of performing the above-mentioned data uplink method and data downlink method, and all implementations in the above-mentioned data uplink method and data downlink method embodiments are applicable to the electronic device. And all can achieve the same or similar beneficial effects.
  • the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD) contains several instructions to enable a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a terminal which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.
  • modules, units, sub-modules, sub-units, etc. can be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASIC), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), digital signal processing equipment ( DSP Device, DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), general-purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, for In other electronic units or combinations thereof that perform the functions described in this disclosure.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device digital signal processing equipment
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • Field-Programmable Gate Array Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

La présente divulgation concerne un procédé de mise en œuvre d'un réseau d'accès radio sans cellule et un dispositif de réseau, et porte sur une architecture de réseau. L'architecture de réseau comprend : des unités d'antenne, utilisées pour recevoir une pluralité de flux de données de liaison montante envoyés par des terminaux, envoyer la pluralité de flux de données de liaison montante à des premières unités, et/ou recevoir des flux de données pré-codés envoyés par les premières unités et envoyer les flux de données pré-codés aux terminaux correspondants ; des premières unités, utilisées pour tester la pluralité de flux de données de liaison montante et envoyer la pluralité de flux de données de liaison montante à des secondes unités, et/ou précoder une pluralité de flux de données de liaison descendante envoyés par les secondes unités ; et des secondes unités, utilisées pour combiner les flux de données de liaison montante, appartenant à un même flux de données, envoyées par les premières unités, et/ou attribuer la pluralité de flux de données de liaison descendante aux premières unités correspondantes.
PCT/CN2023/072635 2022-02-07 2023-01-17 Procédé de mise en œuvre de réseau d'accès radio sans cellule et dispositif de réseau Ceased WO2023147762A1 (fr)

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