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WO2023038171A1 - Dispositif photovoltaïque intelligent permettant un diagnostic d'anomalie et une commande prédictive, et son procédé de commande - Google Patents

Dispositif photovoltaïque intelligent permettant un diagnostic d'anomalie et une commande prédictive, et son procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023038171A1
WO2023038171A1 PCT/KR2021/012332 KR2021012332W WO2023038171A1 WO 2023038171 A1 WO2023038171 A1 WO 2023038171A1 KR 2021012332 W KR2021012332 W KR 2021012332W WO 2023038171 A1 WO2023038171 A1 WO 2023038171A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
temperature
control signal
junction box
change rate
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2021/012332
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
변형준
임정수
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Stareng Co Ltd
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Stareng Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/KR2021/012332 priority Critical patent/WO2023038171A1/fr
Publication of WO2023038171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023038171A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/42—Cooling means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic power generation device capable of abnormality diagnosis and predictive control and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a junction box receiving direct current power generated from a solar array to check for abnormalities in devices inside the junction box.
  • the present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic power generation device capable of diagnosing abnormalities and predictive control so that connection panels can be controlled in advance by predicting them.
  • a power generation system using solar light is largely divided into an independent power generation system and a grid-connected power generation system.
  • the stand-alone power generation system refers to a system equipped with power storage facilities, storing power generated during the daytime, and using the stored power when necessary, and is useful in areas where it is difficult to use system power, such as in mountainous areas.
  • the grid-connected power generation system refers to a system in which grid voltage is introduced and used when power generated by sunlight is insufficient and reversely transmitted to grid power when power is surplus, and is useful in regions where connection to the power grid is possible.
  • junction box that protects devices, inverters that convert transmitted direct current power into commercial frequency alternating current power and link it to the power system or connect it to loads, distribution panels that appropriately distribute the converted alternating current power from inverters to load facilities, and solar panels. It can be divided into a monitoring system capable of monitoring the amount of power generation, status, etc. of the photovoltaic power generation system.
  • the junction box that is located between the solar array and the inverter and electrically connects the two connects the DC power generated from the solar module in series/parallel to collect it as the power required by the entire system and protects the inverter at the same time. and electrical collision prevention and protection functions between solar modules.
  • the junction box connects cables for each solar array in series/parallel to the inverter according to the configuration and capacity of the solar array, so that the connection of multiple solar modules can be easily identified and the circuit is separated during maintenance and inspection. Therefore, it reduces the failure occurred in the solar array to the minimum range to prevent accidents and make it easy to find the failure part.
  • the junction box consists of components such as a reverse current prevention diode that protects the circuit of the input/output terminal by blocking current flowing in the reverse direction, an overcurrent protection fuse that protects the circuit by blocking overcurrent, and a circuit breaker for busbars and wiring.
  • a lightning protection device to prevent lightning strikes, a current or voltage measuring sensor, etc. may be further installed to detect the generated voltage and current to detect abnormalities in the power generation state.
  • the manager finds it in the monitoring system, checks the faulty part in the field, and then repairs the corresponding part. Carrying out repair or replacement work.
  • the present invention was created to solve the above problems, and in a junction box that collects DC power generated from a solar array and transmits it to an inverter, various sensors are mounted inside and outside the junction box, and then collected by these sensors Provides an intelligent photovoltaic power generation device capable of diagnosis and predictive control of abnormality that enables control of the connection panel in advance by predicting whether or not there will be an error in the connection panel using data such as temperature, light quantity, voltage, current or power generation It has its purpose.
  • the junction box is a solar cell array configured by connecting solar cell modules.
  • a circuit unit connected to and capable of transmitting or blocking power generated from the solar cell to an inverter, an internal sensor unit connected to the circuit unit and measuring current, voltage, and temperature of components within the circuit unit, and the external sensor unit
  • a control unit that receives information from the internal sensor unit, predicts the temperature of the components in the circuit unit, determines whether there is an abnormality, and generates a control signal, and receives information from the control unit and displays it externally so that the manager can recognize the presence or absence of an abnormality. It may include a display unit to.
  • the circuit unit includes a relay capable of switching power of the junction box, a diode preventing reverse current flowing in the junction box, and an LED element indicating that power is being applied to the circuit unit, and the internal
  • the sensor unit includes a current sensor connected to the solar cell array, a temperature sensor connected to the diode, and a voltage sensor connected to the LED element
  • the external sensor unit includes a light quantity sensor installed outside the junction box
  • the control unit receives the detection signals of the voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor, and light intensity sensor, estimates the temperature rise occurring in the internal devices of the junction box, and cuts off the power of the junction box using the relay when an abnormality occurs. It can be characterized as allowing.
  • control unit includes a data collection unit that collects information transmitted from the external and internal sensor units, and predictive data storage that stores information on a plurality of change rate coefficients and weight coefficients using data from the external and internal sensor units.
  • a calculation unit for calculating temperature rises of internal devices of the junction box and generating control signals using the data of the data collection unit and the prediction data storage unit; and internal devices of the junction box according to the control signals generated by the calculation unit. It may include a control signal output unit for outputting a control signal and a communication unit for transmitting and receiving the result value calculated by the operation unit with the outside through the network.
  • the calculation unit is selected from a coefficient of increase rate of change in power generation amount according to the amount of light, a rate of change rate of current increase in accordance with increase in power generation, a rate of change rate of temperature decrease in accordance with current, a rate of change rate of temperature decrease in accordance with ambient temperature, and a temperature decrease rate coefficient due to cooling.
  • a rate-of-change calculation circuit for calculating a rate-of-change coefficient consisting of one or more and storing it in the predictive data storage unit may be included.
  • the calculator may include a temperature rise calculation circuit that calculates a temperature rise value by calculating an average value of the resultant values after assigning a weight to each of the plurality of change rate coefficients.
  • the calculation unit compares the temperature rise value with a preset temperature range, and a normal control signal generated when the temperature rise value is less than or equal to a preset value range, a cooling control signal generated when the temperature increase value is within a preset value range, and a preset value range. It may include a control signal generation circuit capable of outputting a control signal of the third stage of the stop control signal generated when the numerical value is greater than or equal to the range.
  • an intelligent photovoltaic device control method capable of diagnosing and predicting abnormalities including a junction box, an external sensor unit, a network, and a monitoring unit of the present invention is installed inside the external sensor unit and the junction box.
  • An elevated temperature estimation step of averaging the values calculated in the imparting step and calculating a temperature rise value based on the average value, and comparing the temperature rise value calculated in the elevated temperature estimation step with a preset reference range and generating a control signal It may include a control signal generation step and a device control and notification step of controlling the internal devices of the junction box according to the control signal generated in the control signal generating step and notifying information about the state to the outside.
  • the information collection step may be characterized by collecting any one or more information selected from temperature, light intensity, voltage, current, or power generation amount.
  • the step of calculating the change rate and assigning weights includes a rate of change rate of increase in power generation according to the amount of light, a rate of change rate of increase in current according to an increase in power generation, a rate of change rate of temperature increase according to current, a rate of change rate of temperature decrease according to ambient temperature, and a temperature decrease according to cooling. It may be characterized by calculating a rate of change coefficient consisting of one or more selected from among the falling rate of change coefficients.
  • the temperature rise value is compared with a preset temperature range, a normal control signal is generated when the temperature rise value is less than a preset numerical range, and a cooling control signal is generated when the temperature rise value is within a preset numerical range. and generating a stop control signal when it is greater than or equal to a preset numerical range.
  • the junction box is normally operated according to the normal control signal, the inside of the junction box is cooled according to the cooling control signal, and the circuit of the junction box is controlled according to the stop control signal. It may be characterized in that the installed relay is operated to cut off the power of the junction box.
  • the present invention collects the DC power generated from the solar array and transmits it to the inverter by mounting various sensors inside and outside the junction box, and then the temperature, light amount, voltage, current or power generation amount collected by these sensors, etc. Since it is possible to control the connection panel in advance by predicting and diagnosing abnormalities of the internal devices using the data of the connection panel, the connection panel does not suffer greater damage such as fire due to the delay in repairing the internal device in which the malfunction occurred. It has the effect of preventing it from happening.
  • connection panel has a display unit that displays the status of internal devices and a monitoring unit that can monitor the status of the connection panel outside, the manager can easily monitor the overall power generation status of the photovoltaic power generation system. There is an effect of increasing the management convenience of the entire power generation system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an intelligent photovoltaic device capable of diagnosing and predicting abnormalities according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 2 is an internal wiring diagram of the junction box shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a control unit shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an operation flow of a change rate coefficient and a weight coefficient for calculating a temperature rise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling an intelligent photovoltaic device capable of diagnosing and predicting abnormalities according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an intelligent photovoltaic power generation device capable of diagnosis and predictive control of abnormality according to an embodiment of the present invention. It includes an external sensor unit 200, a network 300 and a monitoring unit 400.
  • a rough operation flow of the photovoltaic power generation system is as follows.
  • the photovoltaic array 10 which is a collection of solar cells, generates DC electricity
  • the generated DC electricity is input to the connection box 100.
  • the junction box 100 connects the transmitted DC electricity in series/parallel to collect the power required by the system and transmits it to the inverter 20.
  • the inverter 20 converts DC power transmitted from the junction box 100 into AC power of a commercial frequency and transmits it to the switchboard 30, and the switchboard 30 properly converts power to the system unit 40 or the load 50. to distribute
  • the junction box 100 collects DC electricity generated from the solar array 10 in series/parallel and transmits it to the inverter 20, and is connected to the solar cell array 10 configured by connecting solar cell modules to A circuit unit 110 capable of transmitting or blocking power generated from a battery to the inverter 20, and an internal sensor connected to the circuit unit 110 to measure current, voltage, and temperature of components within the circuit unit 110. receives information from the unit 120, the external sensor unit 200, and the internal sensor unit 120, predicts the temperature of components in the circuit unit 110, determines and diagnoses abnormalities, and generates control signals It includes a control unit 140 and a display unit 130 that receives information from the control unit 140 and displays it externally so that a manager can recognize whether or not there is an abnormality.
  • Figure 2 shows an internal wiring diagram of the junction box shown in Figure 1.
  • the circuit unit 110 includes a relay 111 capable of switching the power of the junction box, a diode 112 preventing reverse current flowing in the junction box 100, and power being applied to the circuit unit 110. It may include an LED element 113 indicating that.
  • the relay 111 is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell array 10 at the front end and connected to the diode 112 at the rear end, and is also connected to the control unit 140 to control the operation of the relay 111.
  • the relay 111 is a switching element and may maintain or block power transmission from the solar cell array 10 .
  • control unit 140 maintains or blocks the power connection according to the control signal generated according to the state of the access box 100 . Details on this will be described later.
  • Figure 2 shows an internal wiring diagram of the junction box shown in Figure 1.
  • the circuit unit 110 includes a relay 111 capable of switching the power of the junction box, a diode 112 preventing reverse current flowing in the junction box 100, and power being applied to the circuit unit 110. It may include an LED element 113 indicating that.
  • the relay 111 is connected to the positive terminal of the solar cell array 10 at the front end and connected to the diode 112 at the rear end, and is also connected to the control unit 140 to control the operation of the relay 111.
  • the relay 111 is a switching element and may maintain or block power transmission from the solar cell array 10 .
  • control unit 140 maintains or blocks the power connection according to the control signal generated according to the state of the access box 100 . Details on this will be described later.
  • the diode 112 is connected to the relay 111 at the front end and connected to the positive terminal of the LED element 113 and the inverter 20 at the rear end, and a temperature sensor 121 capable of measuring the temperature of the diode 112 also connected with The temperature sensor 121 is connected to the controller 140 to provide the temperature measurement value of the diode 112 to the controller 140 .
  • the diode 112 serves to prevent reverse current, and since the amount of current flowing at one time is determined, if an overcurrent flows, it may be damaged or, in severe cases, a fire may occur.
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides a junction box control system and control method capable of predicting and controlling the temperature rise of the diode 112 before the diode 112 is damaged or a fire occurs.
  • the LED element 113 is connected to a branched line in the middle of a wiring line connected to the diode 112 and the positive terminal of the inverter 20 .
  • the LED device 113 is a device that indicates that power is being applied to the circuit unit 110, and a general light emitting device may be used.
  • a resistor 115 of appropriate capacity may be added and installed to adjust the current and voltage applied to the voltage sensor 123, of course.
  • the voltage sensor 123 is connected to the control unit 140 to provide the control unit 140 with a measured voltage of a line connected between the diode 112 and the positive terminal of the inverter 20 .
  • the internal sensor unit 120 serves to transmit various measurement data of the inside and outside of the junction box 100 to the control unit 140, and the solar cell array 10 ), a current sensor 122 connected to the diode 112, a temperature sensor 121 connected to the diode 112, and a voltage sensor 123 connected to the LED element 113.
  • the current sensor 122 has the front end connected to the negative terminal of the solar cell array 10 and the rear end connected to the negative terminal of the inverter 20 so that the current amount of power transmitted through the connection board 100 can be measured. do.
  • the current sensor 122 may be connected to the controller 140 to provide the measured result to the controller 140 .
  • Temperature sensor 121 is coupled to diode 112 to provide a temperature measurement of diode 112 to controller 14 . Since the diode 112 may be damaged or a fire may occur when an overcurrent flows, in one embodiment of the present invention, in particular, the temperature rise of the diode 112 can be predicted and controlled before the diode 112 is damaged or a fire occurs. It provides a junction box control system and control method that can be used.
  • the voltage sensor 123 is connected to the LED element 113, and a resistor 115 of appropriate capacity may be added and installed to adjust the current and voltage applied to the voltage sensor 123, of course.
  • the voltage sensor 123 is connected to the control unit 140 to provide the control unit 140 with a measured voltage of a line connected between the diode 112 and the positive terminal of the inverter 20 .
  • the external sensor unit 200 may include a light quantity sensor installed outside the junction box 100 .
  • a light quantity sensor is a type of electronic device that detects light rays in a light wavelength range from ultraviolet light to infrared light and outputs them as electrical signals.
  • the light quantity sensor is installed outside the junction panel 100 at the place where the photovoltaic power generation system is installed to measure the amount of sunlight and provide it to the control information 140.
  • the measurement values measured by the internal sensor unit 120 and the external sensor unit 200 that is, the voltage sensor 123, the current sensor 122, the temperature sensor 121, and the external sensor 200 as a light amount sensor
  • the control unit 140 receives the detection signal of , estimates the temperature rise occurring in the internal devices of the junction box 100, and cuts off the power of the junction box using the relay 111 when an abnormality occurs. there is. In this way, the relay 11 cuts off the power of the connection board 100 before the internal devices of the connection board 100 fail, thereby preventing accidents such as short-circuit current and further fire in the photovoltaic power generation system. there is.
  • the display unit 130 is a device that displays various signals output from the control unit 140 to be described later so that a manager can recognize them from the outside of the connection panel 100, and various lamps, various monitors, or liquid crystal displays are used. can
  • the control unit 140 receives the information of the external sensor unit 200 and the internal sensor unit 120, predicts the temperature of the components in the circuit unit 110, determines whether there is an abnormality, and generates a control signal, Specifically, it is connected to the relay 111 to control the relay 111, and is connected to a temperature sensor 121, a current sensor 122, a voltage sensor 123, and an external sensor 200, which is a light quantity sensor, to measure values. is provided, and is connected to the display unit 130 and the monitoring unit 400 to transmit data generated by the control unit 140 to the display unit 130 and the monitoring unit 400.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the control unit shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the calculation flow of the change rate coefficient and the weight coefficient for calculating the temperature rise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control unit 140 A data collection unit 141 that collects information transmitted from the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120, and a plurality of change rate coefficients Xk and weights using the data of the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120
  • the prediction data storage unit 142 for storing information on the coefficient ak, and the temperature rise of the devices inside the connection box 100 using the data of the data collection unit 141 and the prediction data storage unit 142
  • An arithmetic unit 143 that calculates and generates a control signal, and a control signal output unit 144 that outputs a control signal to the internal devices of the junction box 100 according to the control signal generated by the arithmetic unit 143, and
  • a communication unit 145 may be included to transmit/receive the result value calculated by the operation unit 143 to and from
  • the data collection unit 141 collects information transmitted from the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120, and collects information such as temperature, voltage, current, amount of power generation, and amount of light. These information may be stored in the data collection unit 141 and then provided to the calculation unit 143 .
  • the prediction data storage unit 142 stores information on a plurality of change rate coefficients Xk and weight coefficients ak using the data of the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120.
  • the change rate coefficients Xk are thermal capacity
  • the weight coefficient ak is a weight coefficient ak given to the change rate coefficient Xk.
  • coefficients are main coefficients for calculating the temperature rise in the calculation unit 143, and details thereof will be described later.
  • the calculation unit 143 calculates the temperature rise of the internal devices of the connection box 100 using the data of the data collection unit 141 and the predicted data storage unit 142 and generates a control signal, the change rate coefficient calculation circuit 143a and a temperature rise calculation circuit 143b and a control signal generation circuit 143c.
  • a rough process of predicting the temperature rise of the devices inside the connecting panel 100 by the calculation unit 143 is as follows.
  • the measurement values of the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120 are provided from the data collection unit 141, and the data is stored in the change rate coefficient Xk and the weight coefficient ak stored at a previous point in time as predicted data.
  • the rate-of-change calculation circuit 143a calculates the rate-of-change coefficients Xk of a plurality of preset items. Thereafter, the temperature rise calculation circuit 143b multiplies each change rate coefficient Xk by the weight coefficient ak, and then takes the average of these values. The average value calculated in this way becomes a predicted temperature increase value (Y) at a time point (t′′) after a predetermined time from the current time point (t).
  • the rate-of-change calculation circuit 143a is a circuit that calculates the rate-of-change coefficients Xk of various items. Specifically, the rate of change coefficient X1 of the amount of power generated according to the amount of light, the rate of change rate of current increase due to the amount of power generation increased X2, After calculating the change rate coefficient (Xk) consisting of at least one selected from the temperature rise change rate coefficient (X3) according to the current, the temperature drop change rate coefficient (X4) according to the ambient temperature, and the temperature drop change rate coefficient (X5) due to cooling, These values are stored in the prediction data storage unit 142.
  • the rate of change coefficient (Xk) of each item is calculated by the measurement values measured by the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120 as described above.
  • the change rate coefficient X1 of the increase in power generation amount according to the amount of light is obtained by subtracting the measured value of the light amount sensor measured at the previous time point t' from the measured value of the light amount sensor measured at the current time point t', , t'). The rest of the items listed above are the same.
  • change rate coefficients Xk of each item have been exemplified as above, it goes without saying that change rate coefficients Xk of other items can be added to more accurately predict temperature rise.
  • the temperature rise calculation circuit 143b calculates a temperature rise value by assigning a weight coefficient ak to each of the plurality of change rate coefficients Xk calculated in the change rate coefficient calculation circuit 143a and then calculating an average value of the resultant values. .
  • the weight coefficient ak is a value that varies according to each rate of change coefficient Xk. That is, the coefficient X1 of the increase in power generation amount according to the amount of light is multiplied by the corresponding weight coefficient a1, and the rest are the same.
  • the weight coefficient ak according to each change rate coefficient Xk exemplified in an embodiment of the present invention the weight coefficient a1 of the change rate coefficient X1 of the power generation increase according to the amount of light is 015, and the current increase according to the increase in power generation
  • the weight coefficient (a2) of the change rate coefficient (X2) is 030
  • the weight coefficient (a3) of the change rate coefficient (X3) is 035, the temperature rise according to the current, and the temperature drop according to the ambient temperature
  • the weight coefficient (a4) of the change rate coefficient (X4) is 015, and the weight coefficient (a5) of the temperature drop change coefficient (X5) due to cooling is 005.
  • the sum of all applied weighting coefficients (ak) is 100.
  • the temperature increase value Y is a temperature increase value Y predicted at a time point t′′ after a predetermined time from the current time point t.
  • the control signal generating circuit 143c compares the temperature increase value Y with a preset temperature range, and generates a normal control signal generated when the temperature increase value Y is less than or equal to a preset value range, and generated when the temperature increase value Y is within the preset value range. It outputs three-step control signals of a cooling control signal that is equal to and a stop control signal that is generated if it is greater than or equal to a preset value range.
  • the preset temperature range is 1 to 2 and then the temperature rise value is measured as follows.
  • the point in time (t′) before the preset time is 11:25
  • the current point in time (t) is 11:30
  • the point in time (t′′) after the preset time is 11:35
  • the current temperature is 17 degrees.
  • the calculated temperature rise value (Y) became 05.
  • the temperature at the time point (t′′) after the preset time becomes 175.
  • the control signal generation circuit 143c since the preset temperature range is 1 to 2 and the calculated temperature increase value Y is 05, the control signal generation circuit 143c generates a normal control signal.
  • the control signal generation circuit 143c If the calculated temperature rise value Y is 15, the control signal generation circuit 143c generates a cooling control signal, and again, if the calculated temperature rise value Y is 25, the control signal generation circuit 143c ) will generate a stop control signal.
  • the control signal output unit 144 outputs a control signal to the internal devices of the junction box 100 according to the control signal generated by the control signal generation circuit 143c of the calculation unit 143.
  • the junction box 100 maintains a normal operating state, and when the control signal output unit 144 outputs a cooling control signal, the junction box 100
  • the cooling device installed in operates to lower the temperature of the junction box 100 and the control signal output unit 144 outputs a stop control signal
  • the relay 111 of the circuit unit 110 connected to the control signal output unit 144 It is possible to cut off the power of the junction box 100 by operating.
  • the communication unit 145 allows the result value calculated by the operation unit 143 to be transmitted and received to and from the outside through the network 300. It will be described in detail below.
  • the network 300 is positioned so that the control unit 140 of the junction box 100 and the inverter 20 can be connected, and the monitoring unit 500 can be connected to the rear end.
  • Data transmitted/received from the junction box 100 and the inverter 20 and transmitted/received to the monitoring unit 500 refer to a communication network through which various data are communicated.
  • the network 300 may be connected to devices such as various sensors and surveillance cameras as well as the control unit 140 of the junction box 100.
  • Such a network 400 may be applied to various wired and wireless communication networks, Internet communication networks, and the like.
  • the monitoring unit 400 is positioned to be connected to the controller 140 and the inverter 20 of the connection box 100 through the network 300 .
  • data may be collected by being directly connected to various devices without passing through the controller 140 and the inverter 20 . That is, the monitoring unit 400 can be connected to various components of the photovoltaic system through a local connection such as a wired/wireless communication network or a web connection such as an internet communication network.
  • the monitoring unit 400 collects and processes the data of various devices connected through the network 300 as above, and then checks whether the manager accesses the box 100 and the inverter 20 for abnormalities or monitors other related information. It plays a role in enabling the management of the solar power generation system.
  • the monitoring unit 400 is connected to the sensor unit 200 through the control unit 140 or is directly connected to the sensor unit 200, collects data, and provides information to the manager in various forms. management information can be provided.
  • the monitoring unit 400 processes data collected from each component of the photovoltaic power generation system, calculates hourly, daily, monthly, and yearly data of the photovoltaic power generation system and provides them to the user as management information, or to the Korea Meteorological Administration or Energy Agency. It connects to a server such as a management corporation, receives weather information and related information, processes it together with the information collected from the user's photovoltaic power generation system, predicts the amount of power generation, and provides management information to the user. .
  • a safety diagnosis sensor may be provided to perform structure safety diagnosis.
  • the structure safety diagnosis may be performed using the inclination information on the inclination angle of the structure, and the inclination angle control of the photovoltaic structure may be performed using a controller by receiving the structure safety diagnosis result.
  • the management server receives the thermal image information from the thermal image camera and measures the temperature of the structure from the temperature difference on the surface of the solar power generation structure. It is also possible to calculate the structure safety diagnosis result by grasping the properties and internal conditions through the thermal state.
  • a management server on the network for structure management is built, and structure safety diagnosis in the management server is performed based on preset diagnosis criteria. If it is out of the standard range, it is retransmitted to the controller through the connection panel to correct the inclination angle that is out of the diagnostic standard range, and can be corrected so that the structure has a stably supported inclination angle.
  • slope information and thermal image information are obtained, and based on the collected information, a structure safety diagnosis is performed using a neural network algorithm, and the safety state of the structure is predicted according to the result of nystagmus diagnosis, and the optimal slope for safety is determined. It has the advantage of being able to be continuously corrected and controlled under conditions.
  • the structure's inclination angle is corrected according to the results of structure safety diagnosis by the neural network algorithm of the management server and weather conditions, seasons, or time zones so that photovoltaic power generation can be stably performed.
  • the inclination angle corrected according to the weather condition, season or time zone may be an inclination angle suitable for collecting direct rays of the sun.
  • Another safety diagnosis sensor for safety diagnosis consists of a tension sensor that measures the tension information of the wire reinforcement installed in the photovoltaic power generation structure, a light receiving unit and a light emitting unit.
  • a laser sensor capable of checking the position change of the pillar may be included.
  • the structure safety diagnosis of the management server is performed based on the preset diagnosis criteria. As a result of the safety diagnosis, if the tension of the wire reinforcement of the structure is out of the diagnosis standard range, the controller is sent to the controller through the connection panel to correct the tension outside the diagnostic standard range. It is retransmitted to control the tension to stably support the structure.
  • the tension sensor is fixed to the wire reinforcement to measure the tension information of the wire reinforcement installed in the photovoltaic power generation structure, and can periodically collect tension information and transmit it to the management server through the connection panel.
  • the acquired tension information may be measured as a displacement value or a pressure value, and the unit may be ⁇ m/N or N/m 2 .
  • the tension sensor may use a portable tension sensor, or may be provided so that a manager can directly check the tension sensor in the field through its own display.
  • a wire reinforcement installed in a photovoltaic structure it may be installed in various shapes depending on the installation environment, for example, it may be configured in a straight line shape, an X shape, and the like.
  • the tension state of the entire wire can be checked with the collected tension information, so the tension sensor can be used efficiently.
  • the laser sensor is composed of a sensor composed of a light receiving unit and a light emitting unit, and through the distance information of the light receiving unit received from the laser of the light emitting unit, the change in the position of the pillar of the structure is checked to determine whether the structure is normal or abnormal by checking whether the structure is deviating.
  • structure location information can be periodically collected and transmitted to the management server through the access panel.
  • the measured value of the laser sensor may be configured in mm or the like as a measurement unit according to received distance information. For example, by installing the light emitting part and the light receiving part of the laser sensor in a place where it is necessary to check the position change of the structure, it is possible to check the displacement state on the structure using the acquired distance information. It is preferable to check the state of displacement of the column by installing it so that the distortion or deformation of the fine column can be checked.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a method for controlling an intelligent photovoltaic device capable of diagnosis and predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a connection box 100, an external sensor unit 200, a network 300, and monitoring
  • the method for controlling an intelligent photovoltaic device capable of diagnosis and predictive control including unit 400 is transmitted from the external sensor unit 200 and the internal sensor unit 120 installed inside the junction box 100
  • the data collection unit 141 of the operation unit 140 collects information transmitted from the external sensor unit 200 and the internal sensor unit 120 installed inside the junction box 100.
  • one or more pieces of information selected from temperature, light intensity, voltage, current, or generation amount may be collected.
  • the collected information may be stored in the data collection unit 141 and then provided to the calculation unit 143 .
  • the change rate calculation step (S520) is a step of calculating a plurality of change rate coefficients Xk using the information collected by the data collection unit 141, and the change rate coefficient calculation circuit 143a of the operation unit 140 has several items.
  • This is a step of calculating the rate of change coefficient (Xk) of The rate of change calculation circuit 143a includes a rate of change rate of increase in power generation according to the amount of light (X1), a rate of change rate of increase in current according to increase in power generation (X2), a rate of change rate of temperature increase (X3) according to current, and a rate of change in temperature drop according to ambient temperature
  • X1 rate of change rate of increase in power generation according to the amount of light
  • X2 a rate of change rate of increase in current according to increase in power generation
  • X3 rate of change rate of temperature increase
  • X5 a rate of change in temperature drop according to ambient temperature
  • the change rate coefficient (Xk) of each item is calculated based on the measurement values measured by the external and internal sensor units 200 and 120 stored in the data collection unit 141 .
  • the coefficient X1 of the increase in power generation amount according to the amount of light is calculated by subtracting the measured value of the light sensor measured at the previous time point t' from the measured value of the light sensor measured at the current time point t', , t'). The rest of the items listed above are the same.
  • change rate coefficients Xk of each item are exemplified as above, it goes without saying that change rate coefficients Xk of other items can be added to more accurately predict temperature rise.
  • the change rate coefficient calculation circuit 143a of the calculation unit 140 gives a weight coefficient (ak) to the value calculated in the change rate calculation step and averages the temperature increase value (Y ) is calculated, the temperature increase value (Y) is calculated by averaging the values calculated by multiplying the change rate coefficients (Xk) of each item calculated in the previous step by the weight coefficient (ak).
  • the weight coefficient ak multiplied by each change rate coefficient Xk is a value that varies according to each change rate coefficient Xk.
  • the change rate coefficient X1 of the power generation increase according to the amount of light is multiplied by a corresponding weighting coefficient a1, and the rest are the same.
  • the weight coefficient ak according to each change rate coefficient Xk exemplified in an embodiment of the present invention the weight coefficient a1 of the change rate coefficient X1 of the power generation increase according to the amount of light is 015, and the current increase according to the increase in power generation
  • the weight coefficient (a2) of the change rate coefficient (X2) is 030
  • the weight coefficient (a3) of the temperature rise change rate coefficient (X3) according to the current is 035
  • the weight coefficient ( a4) is 015
  • the weight coefficient (a5) of the temperature drop rate coefficient (X5) due to cooling is 005.
  • the sum of all applied weighting coefficients (ak) is 100.
  • the temperature increase value Y is a temperature increase value Y predicted at a time point t′′ after a predetermined time from the current time point t.
  • the control signal generating circuit 143c of the calculating unit 140 compares the temperature increase value Y calculated in the rising temperature estimation step with a preset reference range and generates a control signal.
  • the temperature rise value is compared with a preset temperature range, a normal control signal is generated when the temperature rise value is less than a preset numerical range, a cooling control signal is generated when the temperature rise value is within a preset numerical range, and a preset numerical range is generated. If it is abnormal, it is possible to generate a stop control signal.
  • the preset temperature range is 1 to 2
  • the temperature rise value is measured as follows.
  • the point in time (t′) before the preset time is 11:25
  • the current point in time (t) is 11:30
  • the point in time (t′′) after the preset time is 11:35
  • the current temperature is 17 degrees.
  • the calculated temperature rise value (Y) became 05.
  • the temperature at the time point (t′′) after the preset time becomes 175.
  • the control signal generation circuit 143c since the preset temperature range is 1 to 2 and the calculated temperature increase value Y is 05, the control signal generation circuit 143c generates a normal control signal. If the calculated temperature rise value Y is 15, the control signal generation circuit 143c generates a cooling control signal, and again, if the calculated temperature rise value Y is 25, the control signal generation circuit 143c ) will generate a stop control signal.
  • the device control and notification step (S550) is a step in which the control unit 140 controls the internal devices of the access box 100 according to the control signal generated in the control signal generating step and notifies information about the state to the outside.
  • a method for the controller 140 to control the device is as follows. That is, the controller 140 normally operates the junction box 100 according to the normal control signal, cools the inside of the junction box 100 according to the cooling control signal, and connects the junction box 100 according to the stop control signal. The power of the junction box 100 can be cut off by operating the relay 111 mounted on the circuit part 110 of (100).
  • the junction box 100 when the control signal output unit 144 outputs a normal control signal, the junction box 100 maintains a normal operating state, and when the control signal output unit 144 outputs a cooling control signal, the junction box 100 ) is operated to lower the temperature of the junction box 100, and when the control signal output unit 144 outputs a stop control signal, the relay 111 of the circuit unit 110 connected to the control signal output unit 144 ) to cut off the power of the junction box 100.
  • the communication unit 145 of the calculation unit 140 transmits and receives various types of information calculated by the calculation unit 140 to the outside through the network 300 .
  • the monitoring unit 400 is connected through the network 300, so that the manager checks whether the connection 100 and the inverter 20 are abnormal using the monitoring unit 400 or monitors other related information to create a solar power generation system. to be able to manage
  • the present invention collects the DC power generated from the solar array and transmits it to the inverter by mounting various sensors inside and outside the junction box, and then the temperature, light amount, voltage, current or power generation amount collected by these sensors, etc. Since it is possible to control the connection panel in advance by predicting the presence or absence of abnormalities in the internal devices of the connection panel using the data of the connection panel, it is possible to prevent the connection panel from suffering greater damage such as fire due to the delay in repairing the internal device in which the malfunction occurred. There are effects that can be done.
  • connection panel has a display unit that displays the status of internal devices and a monitoring unit that can monitor the status of the connection panel outside, the manager can easily monitor the overall power generation status of the photovoltaic power generation system. There is an effect of increasing the management convenience of the entire power generation system.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system applying the monitoring of the multi-switching structure junction box of the present invention as described above is not limited to the configuration and operation method of the embodiments described above.
  • the above embodiments may be configured so that various modifications can be made by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment.
  • junction box 110 circuit part
  • control unit 200 external sensor unit

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif photovoltaïque intelligent permettant un diagnostic d'anomalie et une commande prédictive, comprenant une boîte de jonction, une unité de capteur externe, un réseau et une unité de surveillance, la boîte de jonction comprenant : une unité de circuit, qui est connectée à un réseau de cellules solaires formé par connexion de modules de cellules solaires, de manière à pouvoir transmettre, à un onduleur, une puissance générée par des cellules solaires ou les bloquer ; une unité de capteur interne connectée à l'unité de circuit pour mesurer le courant, la tension et la température d'un élément constitutif dans l'unité de circuit ; une unité de commande, qui reçoit des informations concernant l'unité de capteur externe et l'unité de capteur interne, de manière à prédire la température de l'élément constitutif dans l'unité de circuit, et détermine si l'élément constitutif est anormal pour générer un signal de commande ; et une unité d'affichage, qui reçoit des informations concernant l'unité de commande pour les afficher à l'extérieur de telle sorte qu'un gestionnaire peut être informé de l'existence d'une anomalie.
PCT/KR2021/012332 2021-09-10 2021-09-10 Dispositif photovoltaïque intelligent permettant un diagnostic d'anomalie et une commande prédictive, et son procédé de commande Ceased WO2023038171A1 (fr)

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