WO2023037258A1 - Réacteur isotherme pour la conversion chimique par plasma-catalyse - Google Patents
Réacteur isotherme pour la conversion chimique par plasma-catalyse Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023037258A1 WO2023037258A1 PCT/IB2022/058410 IB2022058410W WO2023037258A1 WO 2023037258 A1 WO2023037258 A1 WO 2023037258A1 IB 2022058410 W IB2022058410 W IB 2022058410W WO 2023037258 A1 WO2023037258 A1 WO 2023037258A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/2425—Tubular reactors in parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/245—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside placed in series
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C07C1/0405—Apparatus
- C07C1/041—Reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00099—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor the reactor being immersed in the heat exchange medium
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00132—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0809—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes employing two or more electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
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- B01J2219/0815—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes involving stationary electrodes
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- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
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- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
- B01J2219/083—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear cylindrical
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0832—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially toroidal
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0869—Feeding or evacuating the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0871—Heating or cooling of the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0881—Two or more materials
- B01J2219/0883—Gas-gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
- B01J2219/0896—Cold plasma
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of chemical conversion, and relates more particularly to an isothermal reactor for the chemical conversion of molecular reagents in gaseous form into molecular products in gaseous or liquid form using plasma technology by dielectric barrier discharge , known as DBD, which can use a catalyst as needed, allowing chemical conversion via plasma-catalysis.
- DBD dielectric barrier discharge
- An object of the invention is thus in particular to propose a solution making it possible to carry out plasma-catalysis by DBD on an industrial scale.
- This object of the invention is achieved with a casing for a dielectric barrier discharge reactor, in particular by plasma-catalysis, comprising fixed support elements and a plurality of DBD cells capable of being installed on said support elements without dismantling. of these supporting elements.
- This housing is thus perfectly compatible with use in a reactor in an industrial context.
- said housing comprises two plates provided with bores capable of receiving said DBD cells, a reactant fluid inlet, a product fluid outlet, and a heat transfer fluid inlet and outlet, said support means comprising two plates provided with bores capable of receiving said DBD cells in a removable manner: this very simple design of the reactor allows the circulation of the various fluids occurring during the operation of the reactor;
- said inlets and outlets are arranged so as to allow flows of said reactant/product fluids and of said heat transfer fluid according to directions substantially and respectively parallel and perpendicular to the axes of said DBD cells: this arrangement allows optimal heat exchange between the DBD cells and the heat transfer fluid, whether the chemical reaction is exothermic (heat transfer from the DBD cells to the heat transfer fluid) or endothermic (heat transfer from the coolant to the DBD cells);
- said housing comprises, in the heat transfer fluid circulation compartment, baffles arranged so as to be separated from said DBD cells by a distance substantially equal to that separating said DBD cells from each other: such an arrangement ensures a substantially homogeneous distribution of the velocity and pressure fields of the heat transfer fluid inside the reactor;
- said housing comprises a reagent fluid inlet manifold, a product fluid outlet manifold, these manifolds being provided with means for connecting to said DBD cells, these manifolds forming said support means for said DBD cells, means for electrical heating of said DBD cells being further provided: this embodiment with electrical heating is suitable for endothermic chemical reactions, that is to say requiring a supply of heat;
- said electric heating means comprise heating sleeves surrounding each DBD cell
- said support means form the electrical supply ground of said DBD cells: it is thus possible to connect the DBD cells to the electrical ground of the case by simply placing the cells in the support means, without no electrical wiring.
- the present invention also relates to a removable DBD cell for a box according to the above, comprising:
- This cell comprises a support and an electrically conductive lower plug connected to said electrically and thermally conductive tube, capable of cooperating removably with the support means forming electrical supply mass of said DBD cells;
- said plasma-generating electrode has a diameter greater than that of said conductive element and is chosen from the group comprising a cylinder, a brush with metallic bristles, a spring, a metallic conductive layer deposited inside said at least one tubular element made of dielectric material: such a plasma-generating electrode can therefore be produced very easily and at low cost, with elements commonly available on the market;
- this cell is charged with a catalyst placed inside said electrically and thermally conductive tube, facing said plasma-generating electrode, and held in place inside this tube by two fractions of dielectric holding material arranged between said upper and lower caps, said catalyst and said dielectric material having a porosity or conduits allowing the circulation of the fluid of reactants to be treated: such an arrangement makes it possible to ensure in a very simple manner the maintenance of the catalyst inside the electrically and thermally conductive tube, and to make very easy to replace.
- the present invention also relates to a reactor in accordance with the foregoing, comprising at least one casing equipped with removable DBD cells in accordance with the foregoing: such a reactor, in which the DBD cells are installed in parallel, makes it possible to process large flow rates of reagent fluids, which makes it particularly suitable for use in an industrial context.
- the removable DBD cells of this reactor are interconnected by a common plasma generation power supply.
- the present invention also relates to the use of such a reactor for the implementation of a chemical reaction chosen from the group comprising:
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates, in axial section, a removable DBD cell according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising an electrically and thermally conductive tube and a single internal dielectric material on the plasma discharge zone of the electrode;
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates, in axial section, a removable DBD cell according to another embodiment of the invention, comprising an electrically and thermally conductive tube and two dielectric materials, arranged respectively on the plasma discharge zone of the electrode and inside the tube;
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates, in axial section, a removable DBD cell according to yet another embodiment of the invention, comprising a tube electrically and thermally conductive and a single dielectric material inside the tube;
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates, in axial section, a removable DBD cell fixed, according to one embodiment of the invention, between the two plates of the casing of a reactor with the circulation of heat transfer fluid;
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates, in axial section of the DBD cells, the two plates of the reactor casing with an empty slot, a removable DBD cell being inserted and a removable DBD cell fixed, according to an embodiment of invention
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates, in axial section of the DBD cells, three removable DBD cells fixed to the plates of the reactor casing with their electrodes interconnected by the network of high voltage connectors;
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates, in perspective and with the effect of transparency, a removable DBD cell according to the invention
- FIG. 8 illustrates schematically and in perspective a reactor casing according to the invention, the upper and lower covers of which have been removed, in order to observe the layout of the attachment locations for the removable DBD cells on the plates;
- Figure 9 illustrates schematically and in perspective a reactor housing according to the invention, the upper and lower covers of which have been installed, in order to observe one embodiment of the inlet and outlet ducts for the reactant fluids /products and coolant;
- FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a vertical section of a reactor assembly according to the invention in operation, taken along the axis of the inlet and outlet ducts for the reactant fluids/products, showing the variation in the speed of flow, and therefore the correct distribution between each DBD cell, of the reactive fluids and products at through the removable DBD cells from the reactive fluids inlet conduit to the fluids outlet produced by the outlet conduit;
- FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a vertical section similar to that of FIG. 10, showing the variation in the pressure of the reactant fluid during its flow through the removable DBD cells from the reactant fluid inlet conduit to the at the outlet of the product fluid through the outlet duct;
- FIG. 12 is a top view, that is to say in the direction Fr of FIG. 9, of the reactor casing according to the invention, the upper plate of which has been removed in order to observe the placement internal baffles allowing good distribution of the heat transfer fluid between the network of longitudinal channels of the removable DBD cells;
- FIG. 13 is a top view of the reactor in operation, indicating the variation in the flow rate and therefore the correct distribution of the heat transfer fluid around the removable DBD cells from the heat transfer fluid inlet duct to the heat transfer fluid outlet pipe;
- FIG. 14 similar to FIG. 13, indicates the variation in the temperature of the heat transfer fluid around the removable DBD cells from the heat transfer fluid inlet conduit to the heat transfer fluid outlet conduit;
- FIG. 15 shows the variation in the pressure of the heat transfer fluid around the removable DBD cells from the heat transfer fluid inlet conduit to the heat transfer fluid outlet conduit;
- FIG. 16 illustrates in section another embodiment of the reactor casing of the invention, suitable for endothermic chemical reactions, provided with means for electrical heating of the DBD cells;
- Figure 17 is a perspective view of the housing of Figure 16;
- FIG. 18 Figure 18 is a perspective view from another angle of the housing of Figures 16 and 17. [0030] For greater clarity, identical or similar elements are identified by identical or similar reference signs in all of the figures.
- DBD - Dielectric Barrier Discharge designates, in the present invention, an electric discharge created between two electrically conductive elements separated by one or more dielectric elements.
- DBD cell designates, in the present invention, a complete assembly of electrode, cathode, dielectric materials, electrical connector, fixing plugs, preferably but not necessarily with one or more catalyst(s) and one or more and material(s) for holding the catalyst, assembled in a removable cell which will be fixed to the plates of the reactor.
- reaction fluid designates, in the present invention, molecules which will undergo a chemical reaction in particular by plasma-catalysis during their passage through the DBD cells of the reactor.
- product fluid designates, in the present invention, molecules resulting from the reaction in particular of plasma-catalysis inside the removable DBD cells.
- heat transfer fluid designates, in the present invention, a fluid suitable for transporting heat between two temperature sources.
- baffle designates, in the present invention, walls allowing a homogeneous distribution of the heat transfer fluid around the DBD cells.
- dielectric designates, in the present invention, an electrical insulating material which makes it possible to provide electrical insulation between the high voltage network associated with the electrode and the electrically and thermally conductive tube connected to ground via the reactor. This type of electrical insulating material is also used inside the DBD cell in order to generate a plasma by Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) by favoring the accumulation of electrical charge between the electrode and the ground until the voltage breakdown and therefore obtaining a plasma.
- DBD Dielectric Barrier Discharge
- catalyst designates, in the present invention, a material promoting the chemical reaction of the reactant fluids.
- electrode designates, in the present invention, an element consisting of electrically conductive material inserted into the DBD cell and connected to the high voltage network which makes it possible to connect the DBD cells together to the source of the high voltage generator.
- catalyst retaining material designates, in the present invention, an element consisting of dielectric material inserted into the DBD cell which makes it possible to contain the catalyst in the plasma discharge zone while allowing the reactive fluid to circulate. through himself.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a removable DBD cell C which makes it possible to implement a chemical conversion via a plasma-catalysis process by DBD with a single dielectric element.
- This cell comprises a conductive element 1 comprising a high voltage connector 3 allowing the connection of the cell to the high-voltage network of the reactor, a conductive support 4 making it possible to connect and hold the high-voltage connector 3 to a plasma-generating electrode 5.
- the conductive element 1 materializes the axial direction of the DBD cell.
- This plasma-generating electrode 5 may include metal bristles in the manner of a brush or a bottle brush. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a metal spring or a metal cylinder.
- the conductive element 1 is placed inside an element of dielectric material 7 of tubular shape, against the inner wall of which the plasma-generating electrode 5 bears, and which will make it possible to carry out the DBD.
- This dielectric element 7 can be made for example of glass, ceramic or alumina.
- the dielectric material can be molded over the whole of the conductive element 1 and of the plasma-generating electrode 5, as for a heat engine spark plug, and that this dielectric material fills all empty spaces, so as to avoid the appearance of parasitic plasma phenomena.
- the plasma-generating electrode can be formed by a metallic conductive layer deposited inside the tubular element made of dielectric material 7.
- the conductive element 1 is held between an upper plug 9 and a lower plug 11.
- the upper plug 9 is made of an insulating dielectric material such as glass or ceramic and allows the element to be held and centered. conductor 1 (including high voltage connector 3).
- the lower plug 11 is made of a material such as a metal or metal alloy, or a ceramic. In the case of a metal alloy, which is easier to machine than ceramic, 316L stainless steel can be used.
- the upper plug 9 is fixed to an upper metal support 13, itself fixed to an electrically and thermally conductive tube 15, defining the cylindrical outer wall of the removable DBD cell, preferably made of metal or metal alloy.
- the upper plug 9 allows the reagent fluid to circulate through one or more perforated channels 17 or other porous structure allowing the reagent fluid to circulate.
- the upper plug 9 also makes it possible to contain the upper fraction 19 of a material for holding the catalyst 21, placed in the upper part of the tube 15.
- the lower plug 11 allows the reagent fluid to circulate through one or more perforated channels 23 or other porous structure allowing the reagent fluid to circulate.
- the lower plug 11 also makes it possible to contain the lower fraction 25 of a material for holding the catalyst 21, placed in the lower part of the tube 15.
- the upper fraction 19 of the catalyst support material 21 and the lower fraction 25 of the catalyst support material 21 make it possible to maintain the catalyst 21 in the plasma discharge zone by DBD, vis-à-vis the plasma generating electrode 5.
- the upper 19 and lower 25 fractions of catalyst holding material and the catalyst 21 allow the passage of the reactant fluid thanks to their permeability. They are contained inside the electrically and thermally conductive tube 15 and held by the upper 9 and lower 11 caps.
- the catalyst support material may typically comprise glass or quartz or ceramic balls, or even a sintered glass material, the diameter of which will be chosen so as to prevent the catalyst grains from escaping into the inter-ball spaces.
- the catalyst 21, located in the plasma discharge zone by DBD opposite the plasma-generating electrode 5, will make it possible to carry out a chemical conversion of the reactant fluid.
- the electrically and thermally conductive tube 15 may have a diameter which does not exceed the diameter of the plasma-generating electrode 5 of the conductive element 1 by 3 cm, and preferably by 2 cm. .
- the length of this tube 15 is moreover typically less than 30 cm.
- Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of a removable DBD cell according to the invention.
- This embodiment differs from the previous one in that a second dielectric element 27 of tubular shape, containing the two fractions 19, 25 of holding material and the catalyst 21, is placed against the internal wall of the tube electrically and thermally. driver 15.
- This embodiment therefore makes it possible to implement a chemical conversion via a plasma-catalysis process by DBD with two dielectric elements 7, 27.
- FIG. 3 illustrates yet another embodiment of a removable DBD cell according to the invention.
- This embodiment differs from the previous one in that the conductive element 1 is no longer placed inside a tubular dielectric element 7. Only the conductive support 4 is coated with a dielectric material, and a centering element 29 made of dielectric material is interposed between the plasma-generating electrode 5 and the lower plug 11. On the other hand, in this embodiment, there is no dielectric element around the plasma-generating electrode 5.
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a removable DBD cell C, conforming for example to the first embodiment above, which is fixed to the upper 31 and lower 33 plates of a reactor casing according to the invention.
- the plates 31 and 33 which form fixed support elements, can be made for example of 316L grade stainless steel, and are drilled in multiple places to allow the removable installation of a plurality of cells DBD C parallel to each other.
- the reactant fluid circulates from top to bottom, as indicated by the arrow Fr in FIG. 4, through the removable DBD cell C, while a heat transfer fluid circulates around the electrically and thermally conductive tube 15 of the DBD cell and between the two plates 31 and 33, as indicated by the arrow Fc.
- the circulation of the heat transfer fluid allows the operation of an isothermal reactor.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the installation of DBD cells C1, C2 between the upper 31 and lower 33 plates of the reactor casing.
- an empty slot is illustrated: this slot is formed by two bores 35, 37 formed respectively in the upper 31 and lower 33 plates of the reactor casing.
- a removable DBD cell C1 is being inserted into a free slot.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an electrical interconnection of the conductive elements 1: when all the removable DBD cells C1, C2, C3... are installed between the 2 plates 31 and 33, their conductive elements 1 are connected to the high voltage network via a network of electric cables 38.
- the removable DBD cells C can be prepared and assembled in a dedicated location, before being moved and then easily installed in the housing of the DBD reactor, without dismantling. plates 31, 33. They also allow easy maintenance and replacement.
- the electrically and thermally conductive tube 15 allows an exchange of heat flow from the isothermal reactor.
- each removable DBD cell C constitute the anodes of these cells, the cathodes being constituted by the electrically and thermally conductive tubes 15 of these cells, which are electrically connected to the ground of the casing B of the reactor by the intermediary of the upper metal support 13, and of the electrically and thermally conductive lower cap 11, themselves electrically connected to the plates 31 and 33 forming the electrical supply ground of the DBD cells.
- the isothermal plasma-catalysis conversion reactor The isothermal plasma-catalysis conversion reactor
- the removable DBD cells C are implemented in an isothermal reactor housing B as shown schematically in Figure 8.
- the DBD cells C are parallelized by being installed in the bores 35 of the upper plate 31, and in the corresponding bores (not visible in figure 8) of the lower plate of the housing B.
- a high voltage socket (not shown) connected in a sealed manner to the network of electric cables 38 makes it possible to supply the removable DBD cells with a signal at the desired voltage, frequency and power depending on the reactions that one wishes to implement in the reactor.
- the reactor according to the invention allows the use of one or more DBD cells arranged parallel to each other and allows good distribution of the reagent fluid between the cells mainly thanks to the pressure drop induced by the passage of the fluid of reagents through the various elements of the removable DBD cell.
- a pressure drop will make it possible to avoid a preferential path determined by the initial velocity of the fluid in the inlet duct 45 by the kinetic energy of the fluid, and on the contrary make it possible to distribute the fluid in all the cells whose Homogeneous flow in each cell will be established by the balance between flow rate and head loss of each cell.
- the compartment of the reactor dedicated to the flow of the reactant fluid contains a network of DBD cells in which the fluid flows to the outlet of the reactor, the pressure drop in each of the cells induced by the presence of the catalyst allowing a homogeneous distribution of the reactant fluid in each cell placed in parallel thanks to a phenomenon of balance between fluid flow rate and associated pressure drop.
- Figure 10 schematically illustrates a vertical section of the reactor according to the invention, that is to say taken along the plane PI of Figure 9, allowing to observe the speed 53 and the good distribution of the reagent fluid between the input 45 and the output 47 in all the DBD C cells thanks to their respective pressure drops.
- FIG. 11 makes it possible to observe the isobaric lines 55 and the correct distribution of the reactant fluid between the inlet 45 and the outlet 47 in all the DBD C cells thanks to their respective pressure drops.
- a network of non-symmetrical cells can be set up with a larger number of cells on one side of the reactor without affecting the good distribution reagent fluid.
- the reactor according to the invention allows the use of one or more DBD cells arranged parallel to each other.
- the reactor compartment dedicated to the flow of heat transfer fluid contains an arrangement of walls allowing good distribution of the heat transfer fluid through all the cells; more precisely, baffles are provided in order to guarantee a passage of the coolant fluid through the network of paralyzed cells.
- the baffles are ideally located relative to the DBD cells at a distance equivalent to the distance which separates the DBD cells from each other.
- the baffles also reproduce the shape of the network of cells to avoid any preferential path.
- FIG. 12 schematically illustrates a top view of the reactor casing B with the presence of baffles 57 ideally located along the network of DBD C cells. 51 through the network of DBD C cells and between the side walls 59 and the plates 31, 33 of the housing B.
- the DBD C cells and the baffles 57 are preferably arranged so as to define a network of heat transfer fluid circulation channels having a general hexagonal shape, as shown in FIG. 12, these channels extending in a substantially perpendicular direction. to the axes of DBD C cells.
- Figure 13 allows the speed 61 of the heat transfer fluid to be observed throughout the network of cells C between the inlet 49, the outlet 51 and the baffles 57: as can be seen in this figure, this speed is distributed substantially uniformly within the volume defined by the casing B of the reactor.
- Figure 14 makes it possible to observe the temperature gradient 62 of the heat transfer fluid in the entire network of cells C between the inlet 49, the outlet 51 and the baffles 57.
- Figure 15 makes it possible to observe the pressure gradient 63 of the heat transfer fluid in the entire network of cells C between the inlet 49, the outlet 51 and the baffles 57.
- the flow of reactant and product fluids and of the heat transfer fluid are not influenced by the layout of the reactor inlets and outlets but by the arrangement of the baffles for the heat transfer fluid and by the pressure drop for the fluids of reactants and products (allowing a homogeneous distribution).
- the DBD cells should be heated, typically to several hundred degrees Celsius: in this case, the use of a heat transfer fluid such as oil is not appropriate. .
- the housing B comprises a reactant fluid supply manifold 67, and a product fluid outlet manifold 69, these manifolds being electrically conductive.
- These feeders 67, 69 are respectively connected to each of the DBD cells C1, C2, C3, etc. by electrically conductive inlet 71 and outlet 73 ducts arranged respectively in the upper support 13 and in the lower plug 11 of each cell.
- Connecting means such as connectors marketed under the Swagelok or Fitok brands, make it possible to removably connect the inlet 71 and outlet 73 ducts of each DBD cell C1, C2, C3, etc. respectively to the supply 67 and output 69 manifolds.
- Heated and thermally insulated electric sleeves 75 envelop each DBD cell, and are powered by electric cables 77; thermoregulators and thermocouples make it possible to control the temperature of these heating sleeves 75.
- the feed 67 and output 69 manifolds form support elements for the DBD cells C1, C2, C3, etc.
- These electrically conductive support elements form the electrical supply ground of these DBD cells once they are connected thereto by the electrically conductive inlet 71 and outlet 73 conduits of each cell, themselves same electrically connected to the electrically and thermally conductive tube 15 of each cell.
- This embodiment allows good distribution of the reagent fluid in the DBD cells, and fine temperature control thanks to the individual heating sleeves and the temperature regulation by ventilated air inside the housing.
- the removable DBD cell reactor which has just been described can very usefully and efficiently be used for the following reactions:
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020247011468A KR20240052070A (ko) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | 플라즈마-촉매 화학 변환을 위한 등온 반응기 |
| AU2022344580A AU2022344580A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | Isothermal reactor for chemical conversion by plasma catalysis |
| EP22769396.7A EP4399020A1 (fr) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | Réacteur isotherme pour la conversion chimique par plasma-catalyse |
| JP2024514358A JP2024532915A (ja) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | プラズマ触媒化学変換のための等温反応器 |
| US18/690,273 US20250332564A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | Isothermal reactor for plasma-catalysis chemical conversion |
| CN202280072823.8A CN118176058A (zh) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | 用于等离子体催化化学转化的等温反应器 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2109448A FR3126630A1 (fr) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Reacteur isotherme pour la conversion chimique par plasma-catalyse |
| FRFR2109448 | 2021-09-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023037258A1 true WO2023037258A1 (fr) | 2023-03-16 |
Family
ID=78212275
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2022/058410 Ceased WO2023037258A1 (fr) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-07 | Réacteur isotherme pour la conversion chimique par plasma-catalyse |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250332564A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4399020A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2024532915A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20240052070A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118176058A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2022344580A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3126630A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023037258A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1052220A2 (fr) * | 1999-05-13 | 2000-11-15 | 21 Century Environment Co. Ltd. | Dispositif de génération d'un gaz ionisé par décharge haute tension |
| US20140162338A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-06-12 | Leibniz-Institut Fuer Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E.V. | Device and method for producing a cold, homogeneous plasma under atmospheric pressure conditions |
| WO2020128009A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Paris Sciences Et Lettres - Quartier Latin | Reacteur pour la conversion du dioxyde de carbone |
| WO2020168382A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-27 | Xefco Pty Ltd | Système de traitement et/ou de revêtement de substrats |
-
2021
- 2021-09-09 FR FR2109448A patent/FR3126630A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-09-07 WO PCT/IB2022/058410 patent/WO2023037258A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-07 US US18/690,273 patent/US20250332564A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-07 EP EP22769396.7A patent/EP4399020A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-09-07 KR KR1020247011468A patent/KR20240052070A/ko active Pending
- 2022-09-07 AU AU2022344580A patent/AU2022344580A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-07 CN CN202280072823.8A patent/CN118176058A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-07 JP JP2024514358A patent/JP2024532915A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1052220A2 (fr) * | 1999-05-13 | 2000-11-15 | 21 Century Environment Co. Ltd. | Dispositif de génération d'un gaz ionisé par décharge haute tension |
| US20140162338A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-06-12 | Leibniz-Institut Fuer Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E.V. | Device and method for producing a cold, homogeneous plasma under atmospheric pressure conditions |
| WO2020128009A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Paris Sciences Et Lettres - Quartier Latin | Reacteur pour la conversion du dioxyde de carbone |
| WO2020168382A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-27 | Xefco Pty Ltd | Système de traitement et/ou de revêtement de substrats |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3126630A1 (fr) | 2023-03-10 |
| CN118176058A (zh) | 2024-06-11 |
| EP4399020A1 (fr) | 2024-07-17 |
| JP2024532915A (ja) | 2024-09-10 |
| AU2022344580A1 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
| KR20240052070A (ko) | 2024-04-22 |
| US20250332564A1 (en) | 2025-10-30 |
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