WO2023031977A1

WO2023031977A1 - Irrigation system at the roots of the plants and of the relative measure humidity and root temperature for proper irrigation and saving of water, electricity and fertilizers in wine, arboreal and fruit and vegetable irrigation

Info

Publication number: WO2023031977A1
Application number: PCT/IT2022/050205
Authority: WO
Inventors: Martino CONVERTINI
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-02
Filing date: 2022-07-14
Publication date: 2023-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2024-03-02
Also published as: IT202100022643A1

Abstract

The present invention consists of an innovative irrigation system at the root of plants designed to save water, energy and fertilizers in which a multifunctional metal or plastic tubular is used which, in addition to supporting the plants, conveys the water to be irrigated directly to the roots and said multifunction tubular has a section, length and height suitable for the type of plant to be irrigated, for example vines, olive trees, grape pergolas, kiwi fruit and vegetable climbing plants, etc. irrigation also of the self-powered radio humidity and temperature sensors positioned directly on the head of the multifunctional tubular and these sensors measure the humidity and temperature of the root zone and communicate it via radio to a local radio transceiver controller capable of processing them and activating radio solenoid valves for water on the lines to be irrigated or on the entire system.

Description

TITLE

IRRIGATION SYSTEM AT THE ROOTS OF THE PLANTS AND OF THE RELATIVE MEASURE HUMIDITY AND ROOT TEMPERATURE FOR PROPER IRRIGATION AND SAVING OF WATER, ELECTRICITY AND FERTILIZERS IN WINE, ARBOREAL AND FRUIT AND VEGETABLE IRRIGATION.

DESCRIPTION

Technical field

[0001] The present invention refers to the technical field of irrigation in agriculture of vines, fruit trees and fruit and vegetable plants in general and has as its object the control and saving of water in agricultural irrigation, the saving of electricity, fertilizers, and materials for the realization of irrigation systems with an innovative method that irrigates the plants directly to the roots.

[0002] This is possible by using a tubular aluminum or other multifunctional plastic or metal material with particular characteristics that achieves a very important saving of water, electricity and fertilizers, realizing a real control of the needs of irrigation of plants with a control through radio sensors of humidity and temperature that detect the data of irrigation to the roots, and via radio communicates the data to the local or remote radio transceiver controller able to process them and independently decide the water supply, the delivery time, the volume and the liters to be dispensed by activating and deactivating the solenoid valves on the lines from irrigate or on the entire plant.

[0003] The data are sent via radio and visible i for a management via web and applications on the phone achieving the result of an excellent management of the maintenance of the various components used, and the primary purpose of an excellent production yield and quality of the product to be cultivated over time. Known art

(0004] There are several patents that try to achieve the result of making an underground irrigation direct to the root of the plants but all very complicated in the practical realization and management.

(0005) In particular, the irrigation system proposed in the patent granted

ES2184605A1 is the one that comes closest to the one I proposed and speaks of an irrigation through an irrigation pipe positioned superficially on the ground with irrigation drippers connected directly to underground pipes positioned in the periphery of each plant, and which have in the underground part of the side holes from where the water escapes near the roots. but it differs completely in that:

(0006) 1 ) This irrigation method proposes an irrigation hose positioned on the surface of the soil with irrigation drippers connected directly and rigidly to the underground tubular making any maintenance and control of water supply complicated.

[0007] 2) The underground tubular is far from the trunk of the plants and has no function of supporting them and the structure.

[0008] 3) The pipe in the underground part does not speak of a closed pipe and this makes it useless to have side holes to give a dispensing to a uniform irrigation since the water comes out of the bottom of the pipe and hardly from the holes positioned higher.

[0009] 5) The maintenance and cleaning of any components of theplant is very difficult.

[0010] Other irrigation systems currently used are visible in the schematic drawings of Fig. 1 ,2,3 described below:

[0011] In Fig. 1 there are head poles (17) that together with the support poles periodic (1 ) support and hold tense through the wire tensioner (22) the metal wire (3) that supports the irrigation pipe (4) which can be of the type with integrated irrigation drippers or with irrigation drippers inserted later (5).

[0012] The wire (3) and the irrigation pipe (4) are tied and locked to the periodic support pole (1 ) by a flexible metal or plastic tie (12). Irrigation water is inserted into the irrigation hose (4) and escapes from irrigation drippers (5) dripping (5c) onto the surface of the soil (7), creating a very humid surface area of the soil visible from the silhouette (8). [0013] The irrigated water slowly penetrates the soil and wets it until it reaches the roots (9) which are on average at a depth of at least 50 cm and more and non always the water manages to reach the deepest roots that are also over 80 cm deep with the problem of having a huge waste of water, of electricity to pump it and use of fertilizers. It is evident that the water irrigated in this mode before raysungere the roots (9) that are at least 50 cm from the surface of the soil (7), must waste so much water and so much energy without any advantage of irrigation to the plant but realizes a harmful waste only useful to create Further environmental problems for insect proliferation.

[0014] An additional stake of various material, wood, metal or plastic (6) is inserted in the soil adjacent to the plant (2) for its support and tiedtogether by a tie (13) that makes them supportive and useful to be able to maintain the vertical trunk during the growth of the plant.

[0015] Fig. 2 highlights the simplest of irrigations by implementing the most spartan method, where the irrigation pipe is stretched on the surface of the soil (7) along the planting line. The irrigation hose can be of the type with built-in irrigation drippers or with the irrigation drippers added then Fig. 2 (5).

[0016] Even this method being a surface irrigation achieves poor results since the waste of water is perfectly similar to the method of Fig. 1 .

[0017] And both have the problem of having a superficial irrigation of the soil and this produces on the planting line the presence of weeds, with the aggravating circumstance that while the system used in Fig. 1 provides that the irrigation pipe is raised from the surface of the soil, not causing problems during cleaning and plowing, the method of Fig. 2 causes a series of problems.

[0018] The irrigation hose must necessarily be laid out on the ground when necessary and removed whenever there is a need to plow it. This is one of the reasons why on soils where this method is used you see continuous bands of weeds along the entire irrigated path since the irrigation pipe is usually laid out at the beginning of the season and removed at the end of the season.

[0019] The method of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 that carry out irrigation on the surface of the soil (7), in addition to the problems of the weeds exposed above and the problems of plowing also cause environmental problems due to the surface humidity of the soil which is notoriously very favorable to the proliferation of infinite varieties of flies and mosquitoes among the same perennially humid weeds.

[0020] Flies are the main problem of fruit quality since they insert their eggs into the fruit and their larvae become worms that eat themselves and ruin the fruit from the inside causing it to fall rotten to the ground.

[0021] A clean and dry surface soil counteracts the birth of flies thus avoiding the problem of the proliferation of flies and mosquitoes and the consequential problems previously exposed.

(0023) Fig. 3 describes an additional irrigation method that comes close to wanting irrigate in the place closest to the roots but in any case, far from the roots and since the water tends to go down before arriving at the roots there is still a waste of water but in any case, it solves the problems of surface irrigation.

[0024] As shown in Fig. 3 (4) an irrigation hose with integrated irrigation drippers is placed on the lateral line of planting at a distance ranging from 30 to 50 cm and at a depth ranging from 40 to 50 cm.

[0025] This type of irrigation partially achieves the purpose of irrigating directly near the roots but brings with it further problems due to the frequent clogging of the holes of the irrigation drippers due to the fact that when you stop irrigating and removing pressure in the pipes, the phenomenon of sucking air and earth occurs due to the fact that the pipe goes into depression sometimes closing the holes of the irrigation drippers preventing water from escaping into the ground.

[0026] This problem added to the clogging of the holes due to any imperfect filtration of the irrigated water and limestone that the water contains, completes the picture of the problems that stops the holes of the drippers in the underground irrigation.

(0027) This is an issue that is not easily manageable in view of the fact that the irrigation pipe is buried and it is not possible to see if irrigation takes place from all the drippers along the pipe line and possibly clean them.

Purpose

[0028] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solution to the aforementioned problems and propose an innovative irrigation system directed to the roots, with the advantage of having a flexibility and total control of the system, in addition to the advantage of being able to use different flexible and mixed methods of realization according to the needs of the plants and plants realizing the purpose of obtaining a considerable improvement in irrigation systems, since the different preferential solutions proposed as well as being the means to save water by bringing it directly to the roots, is also the means used as a support of the plants, with the advantage of eliminating unnecessary supports both of the irrigation system and of the plants of the plant, with a considerable saving of water, of energy, fertilizers and materials.

[0029] These and other purposes are intended to be achieved with an innovative irrigation method for which the patent protection described in the preferential methods is requested with the help of the schematic drawings of Fig. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

Claims describe preferred variants of the invention and form part of it integral to this description.

Description of drawings and some favorite construction forms

List of Figures:

[0030] On page 1/8, Fig. 1 schematizes a typical irrigation system where it shows an irrigation pipe Fig. 1 (4) raised from the ground that can be supported by plants Fig. 1 (2) or by a plasticized metal or metal wire Fig. 1 (3) with irrigation drippers Fig. 1 (5) that irrigate the soil on the surface Fig. 1 (7) away from the roots Fig. 1 (9).

[0031] On page 2/8 la Fig. 2 shows an irrigation pipe Fig. 2 (4) lying on the ground Fig. 2 (7) with irrigation drippers Fig. 2 (5) irrigating on the surface Fig. 2 (7), away from the roots Fig. 2 (9).

[0032] On page 3/8 la Fig. 3 shows an irrigation carried out by means of a tube Fig. 3 (4) with irrigation drippers Fig. 3 (5) buried laterally along the row near the plants Fig. 3 (2) away fromthe rooting fig. 3 (9).

[0033] On page 4/8 Fig. 4 shows a preferential method of irrigation directed to roots with a multifunctional tubular (11 ) that also acts as a support to plants.

[0034] On page 5/8 the Fig. 5 shows an additional preferential method of direct irrigation at the root with a preferential variant of a multifunctional tubular with the shape a (L).

[0035] On page 6/8 the Fig. 6 shows a further simplified preferential method of root irrigation (9).

[0036] On Page 7/8 in Fig. from 7 to 19 the components used for the realization of the various preferential methods of irrigation systems are highlighted and are: Fig. 7 shows an application variant of a multifunction tubular (11 h).

Fig. 8 shows an application variant of a multifunctional tubular (11g).

Fig. 9 shows a perforated cap (15a).

Fig. 10 shows a closed cap.

Fig. 11 shows an applicative variant of multifunctional tubular (11 ).

Fig. 12 shows one of the many types of tie tensioner (22) for the wire (3).

Fig. 13 shows a tubular without modifications (11).

Fig. 14 shows one of several types of irrigation drippers (5).5

Fig. 15 shows a cap to close the multifunctional pipe inthe underground part (11b)

Fig. 16 shows a variant of the multifunctional tubular (11e).

Fig. 17 shows a radio humidity and temperature sensor (20).

Fig. 18 shows a transceiver controller (27).

Fig. 19 shows a radio-controlled solenoid valve (28).

[0037] On page 8/8 Fig. 20 shows an irrigation structure including the variants of multifunctional tubulars (11 , 11g, 11h, 11e).

Description

[0038] In Fig. 4 (11 ) better visible in Fig. 11 (11 ) highlights a multifunctional tubular of plastic or metal material preferentially of aluminum or other metal, since it is a lightweight, recyclable material, and little attackable by moisture and rust or other or materialand metallic or plastic or height, section and width appropriate to the type of plants, whether they are vines, in low row systems or high pergolas , kiwis, fruit or olive trees, hedges, garden plants, vegetable garden tomatoes etc. , a multifunctional tubular suitable to support the plant (2) during its growth, so that the trunk can grow erect and remain so throughout its life, and tied together by a binding of flexible metal or plastic material (13), subsequently becoming the plant, itself together with the tubular (11 ) supporting the implantation of irrigation being able to withstand in this way to wind and bad weather that could ruin the planting and the plant.

[0039] In addition, the multifunctional tubular (11 ) better visible in Fig. 11 (11 ) includes a hole (14) and called a hole (14) with the characteristic of having the diameter of the same size as the flexible plastic connecting tube (10) so that there are no free gaps between the section of the flexible plastic tube (10) and the width of the hole (14) that can allow the entry into the multifunctional tubular (11 ) through the hole (14) of pests, ants, snails and various insects inside the tube to make it the perennial dwelling, cause diseases to plants and plug holes (16). The flexible plastic tube (10a) better visible in Fig. 7 (10a) has the characteristicof being transparent to allow the visual control of the dispensing during irrigation but can also be of another color Fig. 8 (10) losing the visual advantage of dispensing.

(0040) Flexible plastic tube (10) on one side is inserted inside the hole (14) and on the other side it is connected to the irrigation dripper Fig. 14 (5) which has an empty pin for the passage of water better visible in Fig. 14 (5b) and a vuot pin or Fig. 14 (5a) that is inserted after drilling, in the irrigation pipe (4).

[0041] In Fig. 4 is visible the tube (4) stretched along the row of plants (2), which tube is supported by a metal wire or plasticized metal wire (3) of adequate section to support the whole, and which also flows along the row of plants (2) becoming load-bearing for the irrigation pipe (4), and to tie the shoots of the vines (21 ), to support the weight of the grapes or various fruits and tie the new branches with the foliage of the same during the vegetative period of the plant.

(0042) The irrigation pipe (4) and the metal wire (3) are stretched out and held taut by a tie tensioner (22) better evident in Fig. 12 (22).

(0043) The pipe (4) and the metal wire (3) are tied to the multifunctional tubular (11 ) with a flexible metal or plastic tie (12) which together with the tie (13) blocks the plant (2) to the multifunctional tubular (11 ).

(0044) In Fig. 4 there is also a multifunctional tubular (11 ) better visible in Fig. 11 (11 ) which preferentially in its underground terminal part (11 b), has a deformation with a pointed shape (11 c), mechanically realized during its production and better visible in Fig. 8 (11 c) so as to obstruct the exit of water from the bottom of the multifunctional tubular (11 b), and to allow homogeneous irrigation through the holes (16).

[0045] Fig. 4 also in alternative to crushing the end of the pipe and to close it shows a multifunctional tubular (11 h) equipped with a cap (19) better evident in Fig. 15 (19) with a pointed shape that has on the outer wall a helical screwing extrusion (19a) better visible in Fig. 15 (19a), for easier insertion into the ground when pushing down.

(0046) The cap (19) also has the function of obstructing the water outlet from the pipe outlet (11 b) so that water can exit the holes (16) homogeneously which holes are a quantity and a diameter appropriate to the pipe, the wider the pipe and the wider the holes can be which are positioned around the multifunctional tubular (11 ) at different distances and heights making sure to always have free holes over time for irrigation to the roots avoiding that the possible crushing of parts of the pipe by the roots, or the obstruction of some hole modifies in any case the homogeneity of irrigation to the roots.

(0047) The multifunctional tubular (11 ) is closedor in the outer part (11 a) by the cap (15) better visible in Fig. 10 (15) so that no insects enter and the irrigated water and moisture present in depth from the multifunctional pipe do not evaporate (11 ). A variant of the cap (15) is the cap (15a) best evident in Fig. 9 (15a), where the central hole (15b) is highlighted, better evident in Fig. 9 (15b) to insert the flexible plastic tube (10a) in the multifunctional tubular hole (11a).

(0048) It is very evident that on the multifunctional tubular (11 ) when making the choice to enter the flexible plastic tube from the cap (15a) positioned at the head of the tubular (11 a) the hole (14) is not provided as is better evident in Fig. 7 (11 h).

(0049) Fig. (4) also proposes another interesting method of preferential planting that has the additional advantage of eliminating on the line of the rows of plants in general, vines, trees of tall or low plants the support poles (1 ) simply using the same multifunctional tubular (11 ) of section, width and height appropriate to the plants that can be vines, fruit trees, vine pergolas, kiwis, climbing tomatoes, climbing green beans or low plants, any type of plant, to be able to support themselves both the plants and the whole irrigation system and the plantation also improving the characteristics, the resistance of plant plants from bad weather.

[0050] The system is developed with two head poles (17) at the two ends of the row, threaded into the ground and kept in tension by the metal wire (25) of adequate section and connected on one side to a tie rod sealing collar (26) solid with a rod (24) locked deep in the ground by an anchor plate (23), on the other side are evident on the head poles (17) of the wire tensioner collars for tie rods (18) which have two rings one external (18a)) to which the ends of the metal wires of adequate section (25) and an internal one (18b) to which the metal wires are tied (3) and tensioned between the two header poles (17) by the tie rod tensioner (22).

[0051] The metal or plasticized wire (3) is support along the row to the pipe (4) with the advantage of being themselves metal wire (3) and irrigation pipe (4) support to tie and hold the shoots of the plants (21 ) and the branches of plant growth during the vegetative period, obtaining a saving for the non-use and purchase of the poles (1 ) that usually fit every three meters , realizing in any case a clear structural improvement of the system by being able to insert a multifunctional tubular (11 ) structurally much thinner, given the high number in the row, one for each plant and allows to double the height decreasing the section, remaining of the same weight and therefore of the same cost with the advantage of having a considerable saving of the irrigation system and a structural improvement. Example by way of exhaustive but not limited to.

[0052] This method has an additional advantage over standard systems and is to eliminate the periodic support poles (1 ) since the multifunctional tubulars (11 ) and (11 h) are themselves supporting the plants as well as the irrigation system obtaining savingsor for the non-use and purchase of the poles (1 ) that are usually inserted every three meters.

[0053] A further preferential mode of multifunctional tubular (11 ) is visible in Fig. 6 (11 g) where a multifunctional tubular without a hole (14) is highlighted since the flexible plastic tube (12) enters directly from the hole at the head of the multifunctional tubular (11 a), as better highlighted in Fig. (8). Example by way of exhaustive but not limited to.

[0054] In Fig. 6 there is also a further preferential variant of a multifunctional tubular (11 h) without a hole (14) and better visible in Fig. 7 where it is highlighted that the flexible plastic tube (10a) transparent is inserted directly inside the multifunctional tubular (11a) from the cap (15a) through the hole (15b) and better identified in Fig. 7 (10a).

[0055] Fig. 5 shows a further preferential construction mode of the multifunctional tubular (11e) and better evident in Fig. (16) which presents in the vertical part (11 d) of the holes (16c) and in the horizontal part (11f) additional holes (16e) and closed in the terminal part (11 b) from a pointed deformation (11c) to close the pipe.

[0056] The difference in irrigation between the two types of multifunctional tubulars (11 ) only vertical and (11 e) a (L), with the characteristic of having a vertical part (11 d) and a horizontal part (11 f) are evident by comparing the shapes of the irrigated soil respectively in Fig. 4 (8) where the irrigated shape (8) surrounds the plant alone, while in Fig. 5 (8) the shapes (8e) overlap giving a continuity of irrigation between the plants improving the expansion of the roots (9e) in the soil without however having an increase in the consumption of irrigated water.

[0057] In addition, the multifunctional tubular (11 e) having a horizontal underground section (11 f) has the advantage of offering more strength to wind and weather resistance much greater than the multifunctional tubular (11 ) only vertical, and is able to better support the plants (2) and the irrigation system.

[0058] In any case, the result of direct irrigation to the roots is achieved by both the methods both from the use of multifunctional tubularand (11 ) and from the use of multifunctional tubular (11e) and the advantages that both methods produces are:

1 . a considerable saving of water not having to wet at least 50 cm of soil before the water reaches the roots;

2. a considerable saving of electricity to pump so much wasted water;

3. a saving of fertilizer that would only serve to grow superficial weeds;

4. a saving of the overall expenditure of the irrigation system;

5. it is possible to control the efficiency of the parts of the system and clean any component of the irrigation system.

6. The irrigation drippers (5) can be safely cleaned if they no longer dispense due to dirt or limescale deposit that block the holes;

7. The usually black irrigation hose travels between the rows of plants and the foliage and not on the ground and this protects it from direct exposure of the sun that would bring the internal temperature of the water of the pipes to very high temperatures sometimes ruining the roots;

8. the material of the flexible plastic tube (10) can be of the transparent type (10a) in order to visually verify the correct dispensing of all irrigation drippers.9. In addition, with the growth of plants, trees or vines or other may occur the need to increase the direct water support to the roots that with growth have moved away from the trunk far and wide and it is achieved simply by inserting on the irrigation pipe (4) another irrigation dripper (5) and it is connected through the flexible plastic tube (10) in the multifunctional pipe (11 ) along the row of plants, between one plant and another through the hole (14), directly in the multifunctional tubular (11a) or through the cap (15b).

[0059] The Fig. 6 highlights the most basic way of creating new plants or modifying the existing plants standard of Fig. 1. which already have external sprinklers (5) in a simple and economical way without distorting the existing system.

[0060] It is enough to replace the support stake (6) if present with a multifunctional tubular (11g) practically of almost the same diameter, of the pole (6), connect a transparent (10a) or other colour (10) flexible plastic tube on one side to the irrigation dripper (5), on the other side to insert it inside the hole (11 a), the multifunctional tubular (11 g) by closing the hole (11a) properly with a little of silicone or other suitable material in order to avoid the ingress of various insects or use the variant of Fig. 6 that shows a multifunctional tubular (11 h) that uses a perforated cap (15a) better visible in Fig. 9 (15a) with a hole (15b) of diameter suitable for inserting the flexible plastic tube (10a) better visible in Fig. 7 (10a).

[0061] As is evident, the planting can be carried outby planting or at any time in the life of the plants, or modify what is there.

[0062] In the case made at planting it is evident that when you put the plant you also insert together the multifunctional tubular (11 ), and with a personally experienced method it is enough to insert a multifunctional tubular of the vertical models in the ground even about ten centimeters underground, give a first irrigation so to soften the soil and then push it to the desired depth.

[0063] Another method to insert the multifunctional tubular into the ground is the use of a drill or other current or battery tool equipped with a drill bit to drill a hole of the same diameter or larger of the multifunctional tubular before inserting it into the ground.

[0064] For the control of irrigation on at least one multifunctional tubular (11 ) of the rows of plants of the irrigation line, an intelligent radio sensor of humidity and self-powered temperature is placed Fig.17 (20) which reads the humidity and temperature values inside themultifunctional lar tube (11 ) which being closed, it gives a real measure of the humidity at the root, realizing a real control of the irrigation needs of the plants, via radio communicates the data to the local or remote radio transceiver controller Fig. 18 (27) who processes them and independently decides the dispensing time, the volume and the liters to be dispensed by activating and deactivating the solenoid valves on the lines to be irrigated or on the entire system.

[0065] The data are sent online for management via web and telephone applications reaching the result of an excellent management of the maintenance of the various components used, and the primary purpose of an excellent production yield and quality of the product to be cultivated over time.

[0066] The invention can be modified maintaining the inventive concept that underlies it, being able to replace every detail with another technically equivalent.

Claims

1. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) characterized by comprising: a multifunctional support tube (11 ,11 h, 11g) of aluminum, other metal or suitable plastic, and said tubulars are made of a section, width and height suitable for the plants to be irrigated and supported and said tubulars are further characterized by the fact that include holes (16) suitable to irrigate homogeneously at the roots of the plants (9), and said irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) further comprises a small flexible tube of transparent plastic (10a) or of another color (10 ), a dripper for irrigation (5), a irrigation tube (4), and said multifunctional support tube (11 ) is further characterized by comprising a hole (14) of adequate diameter and suitable for inserting a small flexible tube in transparent plastic (10a) or of another color (10) , and said irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) further comprises one or more metal wires (3), one or more tie rods (22), one or more metal or plastic ties (12,13), suitable for binding and holding together the multifunctional support tube (11 ) the irrigation tube (4), and the plant (2) and said multifunctional support tube of the plants (11 ) is closed in the terminal buried part (11 b) by a mechanical deformation with a pointed shape (11c) or alternatively by a cap with a pointed shape (19) and is closed from the outside (11a) by a cap (15) adapted to close the external hole of the tubular (11a), and said irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) further includes an additional cap alternative (15a) adapted to insert a connection tube (10) or (10a) inside the hole (11a) through the hole in the plug (15b) and furthermore said irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) further comprises a variant of the multifunctional tubular (11e) with a shape (L) comprising a vertical side (11e) and a horizontal side (11f) and said tubular side (11e) is further characterized by comprising vertical holes (16c) and further horizontal holes (16e) suitable for widening and lengthening the irrigated area and is closed in the underground part by a mechanical deformation into a pointed shape (11c) and further

comprising on at least one or more irrigation lines one or more intelligent radio sensors for humidity and temperature (20) positioned on the head ( 11a) of a multifunctional support tube (11 ) which measures the humidity and root temperature of the plants and communicates them to a controller (27) which autonomously activates the irrigation by activating the water solenoid valve (28) via radio.

2. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 in which the multifunctional tubulars (11 ,11e, 11 h, 11g) include holes (16) suitable for homogeneously irrigating the roots (9) and said holes (16) are already positioned starting from the lowest part of said functional tubulars (11 ,11 e, 11 h, 11g) so as to allow all the irrigated water present inside to flow completely into the ground.

3. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the multifunctional tubular (11e) has the characteristic of having a shape (L) and includes holes in the vertical part (16c) and holes in the horizontal part (16e) and further comprising a hole (14) of the same diameter as the flexible tube (10,10a) and is closed in the underground part by a pointed deformation (11c) or alternatively by a plug (19) and in the part external by a cap (15) or alternatively by a cap (15a).

4. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous, characterized by comprising a tubular (11 ) with a narrower side (11 b) so that said tubular (11 ) further characterized by comprising a hole (14) that can be inserted into the multifunctional tubular (11g) from the widest side (11a) and able to extend said multifunctional tubular (11g) to the desired height.

5. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the multifunctional tubular (11 ) and all its preferential variants (11e, 11 h, 11g) are further characterized by comprising on the external part of said tubulars an edge every 10 cm designed to support the wire (3) and to have visible external references, so as to precisely

define the measurement of the height of said tubulars (11 ,11e, 11 h, 11 g) and during insertion into the ground ( 7) the part that comes out of the ground and the certain measure of the part inserted into the ground (7).

6. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous further characterized by the fact that said system in addition to the multifunctional support tubes (11 , 11 e, 11 h, 11 g) present adjacent to the plants (2), and in case it needs further irrigation and support for the growth of the plants themselves, additional tubulars (11 , 11 h, 11 g) are inserted to distance and I or enlarge the area to be irrigated on the plant line.

7. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the multifunctional tubular (11 g) is without a cap to allow the insertion of a flexible tubular (10.10a) or alternatively a flexible tubular of size appropriate to the size of the hole (11 a) and suitable for carrying out a manual or automatic momentary irrigation.

8. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous, comprising a closure cap (15a) with a central hole (15b) of a diameter suitable for inserting a small tube (10) or (10a) directly into the entrance (11 a) of the multifunctional tube (11 h) and said support tube it is lower in height and suitable for use in existing drip irrigation systems in which the irrigation pipe (4) and the dripper (5) are already present.

9. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which said irrigation system is controlled by self-powered intelligent humidity and temperature sensors (20) and positioned on the head (11 a) of a multifunctional tubular (11 ) and able to measure the humidity and the root temperature of the plants and to communicate the data to a radio controller (27) which autonomously activates the irrigation by means of the radio solenoid valves for water (28).

10. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the multifunctional support tube (11 ) is made of a section sized in a range from

17 1 mm to 10 mm with a width ranging from 8 to 100mm and a height sized in a range from 50 cm to 6 meters and adapted to the size and needs of the type of plants (2) to be supported and irrigated.

11. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the holes (16,16e) are sized in a range from 0.5 mm to 5 mm according to the size of the multifunctional support tubes (11 ,11 d ) the hourly quantity of water to be irrigated, the needs and the type of plants (2).

12. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the hole (14) can also be made during the installation of the multifunctional support tube (11 ) or (11e) in the ground so that said hole (14 ) is positioned according to the height and position of the irrigation tube (4) so that said irrigation tube (4) is always higher than the hole (14).

13. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ) according to claim 1 and previous in which the multifunctional tubular (11 ) and all its preferential variants (11e, 11h, 11g) are produced in plastic or alternatively they can be of aluminum, steel, galvanized steel or plasticized steel.

14. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ), according to claim 1 and previous in which the cap (19) and the cap (15,15a) can be inserted on the multifunctional support tube (11 ,11e, 11 h, 11g), in the use phase during the installation and positioning of said multifunctional tubulars to support adjacent to the plants to be irrigated.

15. Irrigation system at the root of the plants (1 ), in which the multifunctional support tube (11g) which requires a height greater than 50 cm and for example 2.5 meters can be composed of various pieces, and for example by inserting two tubulars (11 ) of one meter which together with the tubular (11 g) one inside the other reach the size of 2.5 meters.

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