WO2023021826A1 - 作業機械、及び、作業機械を制御するための方法 - Google Patents
作業機械、及び、作業機械を制御するための方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023021826A1 WO2023021826A1 PCT/JP2022/023962 JP2022023962W WO2023021826A1 WO 2023021826 A1 WO2023021826 A1 WO 2023021826A1 JP 2022023962 W JP2022023962 W JP 2022023962W WO 2023021826 A1 WO2023021826 A1 WO 2023021826A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- angle
- leaning
- steering
- target
- actuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D17/00—Means on vehicles for adjusting camber, castor, or toe-in
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/225—Control of steering, e.g. for hydraulic motors driving the vehicle tracks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D12/00—Steering specially adapted for vehicles operating in tandem or having pivotally connected frames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D9/00—Steering deflectable wheels not otherwise provided for
- B62D9/02—Steering deflectable wheels not otherwise provided for combined with means for inwardly inclining vehicle body on bends
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/10—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
- E02F9/2087—Control of vehicle steering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a working machine and a method for controlling the working machine.
- Some conventional work machines have a vehicle body, steerable wheels supported by the vehicle body, and a leaning mechanism (see Patent Document 1).
- the work machine can be turned by changing the steering angle of the steerable wheels.
- the turning radius of the work machine can be adjusted by changing the leaning angle of the steerable wheels with the leaning mechanism.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a work machine that an operator can easily and suitably turn.
- a working machine includes a vehicle body, steerable wheels, a first actuator, a second actuator, a steering angle sensor, a leaning angle sensor, and a controller.
- the steerable wheels are supported by the vehicle body.
- the first actuator changes the steering angle of the steerable wheels.
- a second actuator changes the leaning angle of the steerable wheels.
- a steering angle sensor outputs a first angle signal indicating a steering angle.
- the leaning angle sensor outputs a second angle signal indicating the leaning angle.
- a controller obtains a first angle signal and a second angle signal.
- the controller acquires the steering angle based on the first angle signal.
- the controller obtains the leaning angle based on the second angle signal.
- the controller obtains a target lean angle corresponding to the steering angle.
- the controller controls the second actuator so that the leaning angle becomes the target leaning angle.
- a method according to another aspect of the present invention is a method for controlling a working machine.
- the work machine includes a vehicle body, steered wheels supported by the vehicle body, a first actuator for changing the steering angle of the steered wheels, a second actuator for changing the leaning angle of the steered wheels, and a second actuator for indicating the steering angle.
- a steering angle sensor that outputs a first angle signal and a leaning angle sensor that outputs a second angle signal indicating a leaning angle are included.
- a method includes obtaining a first angle signal and a second angle signal, obtaining a steering angle based on the first angle signal, and obtaining a leaning angle based on the second angle signal. , acquiring a target leaning angle corresponding to the steering angle, and controlling the second actuator so that the leaning angle becomes the target leaning angle.
- the second actuator is controlled so that the leaning angle of the steerable wheels becomes the target leaning angle corresponding to the steering angle of the steerable wheels. This allows the operator to automatically set the leaning angle simply by changing the steering angle. This allows the operator to easily and favorably turn the work machine.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a working machine according to an embodiment; FIG. It is a side view of a working machine. 1 is a front view of the front portion of the working machine; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a working machine; FIG. It is a top view which shows the front part of a working machine. It is a top view which shows the front part of a working machine. FIG. 4 is a front view for explaining the leaning angle of the front wheels; FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a front view for explaining the leaning angle of the front wheels; 4 is a flowchart showing processing for automatically setting the leaning angle of the front wheels according to the steering angle of the front wheels; 4 is a flowchart showing processing for automatically setting the leaning speed of the front wheels;
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining first table data showing a correspondence relationship between a steering angle and a target leaning angle;
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining second table data showing a correspondence relationship between a steering angle and a target leaning angle;
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a working machine 1 according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the work machine 1.
- the working machine 1 includes a vehicle body 2, front wheels 3A and 3B, rear wheels 4A-4D, and a working machine 5.
- the vehicle body 2 includes a front frame 11 , a rear frame 12 , a cab 13 and a power room 14 .
- the rear frame 12 is connected to the front frame 11.
- the front frame 11 is connected to the rear frame 12 so as to rotate with respect to the rear frame 12 .
- the front frame 11 can be articulated left and right with respect to the rear frame 12 .
- front, rear, left, and right directions are the state in which the articulated angle of the front frame 11 with respect to the rear frame 12 is zero, that is, the state in which the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 are straight.
- Front, back, left, and right directions are defined.
- the cab 13 and power chamber 14 are arranged on the rear frame 12 .
- a driver's seat (not shown) is arranged in the cab 13 .
- the power chamber 14 is arranged behind the cab 13 .
- the front frame 11 extends forward from the rear frame 12 .
- the front wheels 3A, 3B are attached to the front frame 11. As shown in FIG.
- the front wheels 3A, 3B are arranged apart in the left-right direction. Front wheels 3A and 3B are rotatably supported by front frame 11 .
- the rear wheels 4A-4D are attached to the rear frame 12. As shown in FIG.
- the work machine 5 is movably connected to the vehicle body 2.
- Work implement 5 includes a support member 15 and a blade 16 .
- the support member 15 is movably connected to the vehicle body 2 .
- Support member 15 supports blade 16 .
- Support member 15 includes drawbar 17 and circle 18 .
- the drawbar 17 is arranged below the front frame 11 .
- the drawbar 17 is connected to the front portion 19 of the front frame 11 .
- the drawbar 17 extends rearward from the front portion 19 of the front frame 11 .
- the drawbar 17 is supported by the front frame 11 so as to be swingable at least in the vertical and horizontal directions of the vehicle body 2 .
- front portion 19 includes a ball joint.
- the drawbar 17 is rotatably connected to the front frame 11 via a ball joint.
- the circle 18 is connected to the rear of the drawbar 17.
- Circle 18 is rotatably supported with respect to drawbar 17 .
- Blades 16 are connected to circle 18 .
- a blade 16 is supported by a drawbar 17 via a circle 18 .
- the blade 16 is supported by the circle 18 so as to be rotatable around the tilt shaft 21.
- the tilt shaft 21 extends in the left-right direction.
- the working machine 1 includes a plurality of steering actuators 41A, 41B for steering the front wheels 3A, 3B, and a plurality of articulated actuators 27, 28.
- a plurality of steering actuators 41A, 41B are used to steer the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the steering actuators 41A and 41B are hydraulic cylinders.
- a plurality of steering actuators 41A, 41B are individually connected to the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the plurality of steering actuators 41A, 41B expand and contract by hydraulic pressure.
- extension and retraction of the plurality of steering actuators 41A and 41B such as extension and retraction of hydraulic cylinders, is referred to as "stroke operation".
- the plurality of steering actuators 41A, 41B include a left steering cylinder 41A and a right steering cylinder 41B.
- the left steering cylinder 41A and the right steering cylinder 41B are arranged apart from each other in the left-right direction.
- the left steering cylinder 41A is connected to the front frame 11 and the front wheel 3A.
- the right steering cylinder 41B is connected to the front frame 11 and the front wheel 3B.
- the front wheels 3A and 3B are steered by stroke operations of the left steering cylinder 41A and the right steering cylinder 41B.
- the left steering actuator 41A is illustrated and the right steering actuator 41B is not illustrated. Since the left steering actuator 41A and the right steering actuator 41B are members that form a pair, in FIG. 2, the left steering actuator 41A is illustrated and the right steering actuator 41B is not illustrated. Since the left steering actuator 41A and the right steering actuator 41B are members that form a pair, in FIG.
- a plurality of articulated actuators 27 and 28 are used to rotate the front frame 11 with respect to the rear frame 12 .
- the articulated actuators 27, 28 are hydraulic cylinders.
- a plurality of articulated actuators 27 and 28 are connected to the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 .
- the plurality of articulated actuators 27, 28 expand and contract by hydraulic pressure.
- the plurality of articulated actuators 27, 28 include a left articulated cylinder 27 and a right articulated cylinder 28.
- the left articulated cylinder 27 and the right articulated cylinder 28 are arranged apart from each other in the left-right direction.
- the left articulated cylinder 27 is connected to the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 on the left side of the vehicle body 2 .
- the right articulated cylinder 28 is connected to the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 on the right side of the vehicle body 2 .
- the stroke motion of the left articulated cylinder 27 and the right articulated cylinder 28 causes the front frame 11 to rotate left and right with respect to the rear frame 12 .
- FIG. 1 the right articulated cylinder 28 is illustrated and the left articulated cylinder 27 is not illustrated.
- FIG. 2 the left articulated cylinder 27 is shown and the right articulated cylinder 28 is not shown. Since the left articulated cylinder 27 and the right articulated cylinder 28 are paired members, the members not shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the front part of the working machine 1.
- the working machine 1 has a lean mechanism 6 .
- the lean mechanism 6 tilts the front wheels 3A, 3B left and right.
- the leaning mechanism 6 includes an axle beam 56 , a leaning rod 57 and a leaning actuator 61 .
- the axle beam 56 extends left and right from the front frame 11 .
- Axle beam 56 is rotatably supported on front frame 11 about pivot shaft 58 .
- the axle beam 56 is connected to the front wheel 3A via a wheel bracket 59A.
- Axle beam 56 supports front wheel 3A rotatably around leaning shaft 54A.
- Axle beam 56 is connected to front wheel 3B via wheel bracket 59B.
- Axle beam 56 supports front wheel 3B rotatably around leaning shaft 54B.
- the leaning shafts 54A, 54B extend in the front-rear direction.
- the leaning rod 57 extends left and right through the front frame.
- the leaning rod 57 connects the front wheels 3A and 3B to each other.
- the leaning rod 57 is connected to the front wheel 3A via a wheel bracket 59A.
- the leaning rod 57 is connected to the front wheel 3B via a wheel bracket 59B.
- the leaning actuator 61 is used to lean the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the leaning actuator 61 is a hydraulic cylinder.
- the leaning actuator 61 is connected to the front frame 11 and the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the leaning actuator 61 expands and contracts by hydraulic pressure. That is, by extending and contracting the leaning actuator 61, the front wheels 3A, 3B rotate around the leaning shafts 54A, 54B. As a result, the front wheels 3A and 3B tilt left and right.
- the work machine 1 includes a plurality of actuators 22-26 for changing the attitude of the work machine 5.
- actuators 22-25 are hydraulic cylinders.
- Actuator 26 is a rotary actuator.
- actuator 26 is a hydraulic motor.
- Actuator 26 may be an electric motor.
- a plurality of actuators 22 - 25 are connected to the work machine 5 .
- a plurality of actuators 22-25 expand and contract by hydraulic pressure.
- the actuators 22 to 25 extend and contract to change the attitude of the work implement 5 with respect to the vehicle body 2 .
- the plurality of actuators 22 - 25 includes a left lift cylinder 22 , a right lift cylinder 23 , a drawbar shift cylinder 24 and a blade tilt cylinder 25 .
- the left lift cylinder 22 and the right lift cylinder 23 are arranged apart from each other in the left-right direction.
- the left lift cylinder 22 and the right lift cylinder 23 are connected to the drawbar 17 .
- Left lift cylinder 22 and right lift cylinder 23 are connected to front frame 11 via lifter bracket 29 .
- the draw bar 17 swings up and down due to stroke operations of the left lift cylinder 22 and the right lift cylinder 23 . Thereby, the blade 16 moves up and down.
- the drawbar shift cylinder 24 is connected to the drawbar 17 and the front frame 11 .
- the drawbar shift cylinder 24 is connected to the front frame 11 via a lifter bracket 29 .
- the drawbar shift cylinder 24 extends obliquely downward from the front frame 11 toward the drawbar 17 .
- the stroke operation of the drawbar shift cylinder 24 swings the drawbar 17 left and right.
- the blade tilt cylinder 25 is connected to the circle 18 and the blade 16. The stroke operation of the blade tilt cylinder 25 rotates the blade 16 around the tilt shaft 21 .
- the actuator 26 is connected to the drawbar 17 and the circle 18. Actuator 26 rotates circle 18 relative to drawbar 17 . Thereby, the blade 16 rotates around the rotation axis extending in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the work machine 1.
- the work machine 1 includes a drive source 31 and a hydraulic pump 32 .
- the work machine 1 includes a steering valve 42A, an articulate valve 42B, a leaning valve 42C, and a work machine valve 34.
- the work machine 1 includes a power transmission device 33 .
- the drive source 31 is, for example, an internal combustion engine.
- the drive source 31 may be an electric motor or a hybrid of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
- the hydraulic pump 32 is driven by the drive source 31 to discharge hydraulic oil.
- the hydraulic pump 32 supplies hydraulic fluid to the steering valve 42A, the articulate valve 42B, and the working machine valve 34.
- the steering actuators 41A and 41B, the articulated actuators 27 and 28, and the actuators 22-26 are operated.
- FIG. 4 Only one hydraulic pump 32 is shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of hydraulic pumps may be provided.
- the steering valve 42A is connected to the hydraulic pump 32 and a plurality of steering actuators 41A and 41B via hydraulic circuits.
- the steering valve 42A controls the flow rate of hydraulic fluid supplied from the hydraulic pump 32 to the steering actuators 41A and 41B.
- a plurality of steering actuators 41A and 41B perform a stroke operation by supplying the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic pump 32 to the steering valve 42A.
- the articulated valve 42B is connected to the hydraulic pump 32 and the plurality of articulated actuators 27, 28 via hydraulic circuits.
- the articulated valve 42B controls the flow rate of hydraulic fluid supplied from the hydraulic pump 32 to the plurality of articulated actuators 27,28.
- the plurality of articulate actuators 27 and 28 perform stroke operations by supplying hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump 32 to the articulate valve 42B.
- the leaning valve 42C is connected to the hydraulic pump 32 and the leaning actuator 61 via a hydraulic circuit.
- the leaning valve 42 ⁇ /b>C controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 32 to the leaning actuator 61 .
- the leaning actuator 61 performs a stroke operation by supplying the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic pump 32 to the leaning valve 42C.
- the working machine valve 34 is connected to the hydraulic pump 32 and the plurality of actuators 22-26 via a hydraulic circuit.
- the work implement valve 34 includes a plurality of valves connected to each of the plurality of actuators 22-26.
- the work machine valve 34 controls the flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 32 to the actuators 22-26.
- the power transmission device 33 transmits the driving force from the drive source 31 to the rear wheels 4A-4D.
- the power transmission device 33 may include a torque converter and/or multiple transmission gears.
- the power transmission device 33 may be a transmission such as HST (Hydraulic Static Transmission) or HMT (Hydraulic Mechanical Transmission).
- the work machine 1 includes a steering member 45, an articulate lever 55, a leaning lever 63, a work machine operation member 35, a shift member 53, and an accelerator operation member 36.
- the steering member 45 can be operated by an operator to steer the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the steering member 45 is a lever such as a joystick.
- the steering member 45 may be a member other than a lever.
- steering member 45 may be a steering wheel.
- the steering member 45 is connected to an operation sensor 51.
- Operation sensor 51 is included in work machine 1 .
- the operation sensor 51 outputs a steering operation signal indicating the operation of the steering member 45 by the operator.
- the articulated lever 55 is operable by the operator to pivot the front frame 11 with respect to the rear frame 12 .
- the articulated lever 55 is a lever such as a joystick. Alternatively, the articulated lever 55 may be a member other than a lever.
- the articulated lever 55 is connected to the operation sensor 60 .
- Operation sensor 60 is included in work machine 1 .
- the operation sensor 60 outputs an articulate operation signal indicating the operation of the articulate lever 55 by the operator.
- the leaning lever 63 can be operated by the operator to lean the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the leaning lever 63 is a lever such as a joystick. Alternatively, the leaning lever 63 may be a member other than a lever.
- the leaning lever 63 is connected to the operation sensor 52 .
- the operation sensor 52 outputs a leaning operation signal indicating the operation of the leaning lever 63 by the operator.
- the work machine operating member 35 can be operated by the operator to change the attitude of the work machine 5 .
- the work machine operating member 35 includes, for example, a plurality of operating levers.
- the work machine operation member 35 may be another member such as a switch or a touch panel.
- the work machine operation member 35 outputs a signal indicating the operation of the work machine operation member 35 by the operator.
- the shift member 53 can be operated by an operator to switch the working machine 1 between forward and reverse.
- the shift member 53 includes, for example, a shift lever.
- the shift member 53 may be another member such as a switch or a touch panel.
- the shift member 53 outputs a signal indicating the operation of the shift member 53 by the operator.
- the accelerator operation member 36 can be operated by the operator to make the work machine 1 travel.
- the accelerator operating member 36 includes, for example, an accelerator pedal.
- the accelerator operation member 36 may be another member such as a switch or a touch panel.
- the accelerator operation member 36 outputs a signal indicating the operation of the accelerator operation member 36 by the operator.
- the work machine 1 includes a steering angle sensor 40 , an articulate angle sensor 30 and a leaning angle sensor 62 .
- a steering angle sensor 40 is used to detect a steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B.
- the steering angle sensor 40 outputs a steering angle signal (first angle signal) indicating the steering angle ⁇ 1.
- the steering angle signal is, for example, stroke amounts of the steering actuators 41A and 41B. Note that the steering angle sensor 40 may directly detect the steering angle ⁇ 1.
- FIG. 5A and 5B are top views showing the front portion of the working machine 1.
- FIG. 5A and 5B show the work machine 1 in a state where the articulate angle is 0 degrees, that is, the front frame 11 is not bent with respect to the rear frame 12.
- FIG. 5A and 5B show the work machine 1 in a state where the articulate angle is 0 degrees, that is, the front frame 11 is not bent with respect to the rear frame 12.
- the working machine 1 includes a first steering shaft 43A and a second steering shaft 43B.
- the first steering shaft 43A and the second steering shaft 43B are pivot shafts for the front wheels 3A and 3B.
- the first steering shaft 43A and the second steering shaft 43B are provided on the front frame 11.
- the first steering shaft 43A and the second steering shaft 43B extend vertically.
- the first steering shaft 43A and the second steering shaft 43B rotatably support the front wheels 3A and 3B separately.
- the steering angle ⁇ 1 is the angle at which the front wheels 3A and 3B rotate with respect to the front frame 11 about the first steering shaft 43A and the second steering shaft 43B.
- the steering angle ⁇ 1 is the rotation angle of the front wheels 3A and 3B with respect to the front-rear direction of the front frame 11 .
- a centerline L1 is defined on the front frame 11.
- a center line L1 is a center line of the front frame 11 extending in the front-rear direction of the front frame 11 .
- the steering angle ⁇ 1 is the rotation angle of the front wheels 3A and 3B with respect to the center line L1.
- the steering angle ⁇ 1 changes left and right from the neutral position due to stroke operations of the steering actuators 41A and 41B.
- the steering angle ⁇ 1 at the neutral position is zero degrees.
- the front wheels 3A, 3B are arranged parallel to the first center line L1 of the front frame 11 at the neutral position. In FIG. 5A, 3A' and 3B' indicate the front wheels steered leftward from the neutral position by the steering angle .theta.1. In FIG. 5B, 3A' and 3B' show the front wheels steered to the right from the neutral position by the steering angle ?1.
- the articulate angle sensor 30 is used to detect the articulate angle of the front frame 11 with respect to the rear frame 12.
- the articulate angle sensor 30 outputs an articulate angle signal indicating the articulate angle.
- the articulate angle signal is, for example, stroke amounts of the left articulated cylinder 27 and the right articulated cylinder 28 .
- the articulate angle sensor 30 may directly detect the articulate angle.
- work machine 1 includes articulated shaft 44 .
- the articulated shaft 44 is provided on the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 .
- the articulate shaft 44 extends vertically.
- the front frame 11 and the rear frame 12 are connected to each other so as to be rotatable about the articulate shaft 44 .
- the articulate angle is the angle at which the front frame 11 rotates with respect to the rear frame 12 about the articulate axis 44 .
- the leaning angle sensor 62 is used to detect the leaning angle ⁇ 2 of the front wheels 3A, 3B.
- the leaning angle sensor 62 outputs a leaning angle signal (second angle signal) indicating the leaning angle ⁇ 2.
- the leaning angle signal is, for example, the stroke amount of the leaning actuator 61 . Note that the leaning angle sensor 62 may directly detect the leaning angle ⁇ 2.
- the leaning angle ⁇ 2 is defined as follows. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the leaning angle ⁇ 2 is the tilt angle of the front wheels 3A and 3B in the left-right direction when the vehicle body 2 is viewed from the front.
- the leaning angle ⁇ 2 is a tilting angle at which the front wheels 3A, 3B tilt around the leaning shafts 54A, 54B when the vehicle body 2 is viewed from the front.
- the state in which the front wheels 3A and 3B stand upright with respect to the horizontal plane H1 (3A and 3B indicated by solid lines) is called the neutral state of the front wheels 3A and 3B.
- the leaning angle ⁇ 2 is zero degrees when the front wheels 3A and 3B are neutral.
- the front wheels 3A and 3B are changed leftward from the neutral state by the leaning angle ⁇ 2 (3A′′ and 3B′′ indicated by broken lines).
- the front wheels 3A and 3B are shifted rightward by a leaning angle ⁇ 2 (3A′′ and 3B′′ shown by dashed lines) from the neutral state (3A and 3B shown by solid lines).
- the work machine 1 includes a controller 37.
- Controller 37 includes storage device 38 and processor 39 .
- the processor 39 is a CPU, for example, and executes a program for controlling the work machine 1 .
- the storage device 38 includes memories such as RAM and ROM, and auxiliary storage devices such as SSD or HDD.
- the storage device 38 stores programs and data for controlling the work machine 1 .
- the controller 37 controls the power transmission device 33 according to the operation of the shift member 53. As a result, the traveling direction of the work machine 1 is switched between forward and reverse.
- shift member 53 may be mechanically connected to power transmission device 33 .
- the forward and reverse gears of the power transmission device 33 may be switched by mechanically transmitting the operation of the shift member 53 to the power transmission device 33 .
- the controller 37 controls the drive source 31 and the power transmission device 33 according to the operation of the accelerator operation member 36. As a result, the work machine 1 travels.
- the controller 37 also controls the hydraulic pump 32 and the work machine valve 34 according to the operation of the work machine operation member 35 . As a result, the working machine 5 operates.
- the controller 37 acquires the amount of operation of the steering member 45 based on the steering operation signal from the operation sensor 51 .
- the controller 37 expands and contracts the steering actuators 41A and 41B by controlling the steering valve 42A according to the steering operation signal. Thereby, the controller 37 changes the steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B.
- the controller 37 acquires the steering angle signal from the steering angle sensor 40 .
- the controller 37 calculates the steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A, 3B based on the steering angle signal.
- the controller 37 acquires the operation amount of the articulate lever 55 based on the articulate operation signal from the articulate lever 55 .
- Controller 37 controls articulated valve 42B.
- the controller 37 expands and contracts the left articulated cylinder 27 and the right articulated cylinder 28 by controlling the articulated valve 42B according to the articulated operation signal. Thereby, the controller 37 changes the articulate angle.
- Controller 37 obtains an articulate angle signal from articulate angle sensor 30 .
- Controller 37 calculates the articulate angle based on the articulate angle signal.
- the controller 37 acquires the operation amount of the leaning lever 63 based on the leaning operation signal from the leaning lever 63 .
- the controller 37 controls the leaning valve 42C.
- the controller 37 expands and contracts the leaning actuator 61 by controlling the leaning valve 42C according to the leaning operation signal.
- the controller 37 changes the leaning angle ⁇ 2 according to the operation of the leaning lever 63 by the operator.
- the controller 37 acquires the leaning angle signal from the leaning angle sensor 62 .
- the controller 37 calculates the leaning angle ⁇ 2 based on the leaning angle signal.
- the controller 37 executes automatic leaning control that changes the leaning angle ⁇ 2 according to the steering angle ⁇ 1.
- the automatic leaning control will be described below.
- the controller 37 expands and contracts the leaning actuator 61 by controlling the leaning valve 42C according to the steering angle ⁇ 1. Thereby, the controller 37 automatically changes the leaning angle ⁇ 2 without operating the leaning lever 63 .
- 7A and 7B are flowcharts showing the processing of automatic leaning control.
- the controller 37 acquires the current steering angle ⁇ 1.
- the controller 37 acquires the traveling direction of the vehicle body 2 .
- the controller 37 determines whether the traveling direction of the vehicle body 2 is the forward direction.
- step 104 the controller 37 acquires the first table data as target leaning angle table data.
- the first table data is stored in storage device 38 .
- the first table data defines the relationship between the steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B and the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 when the vehicle body 2 moves forward.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram showing an example of first table data.
- the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 is 0 when the leftward steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B is less than or equal to ⁇ 1.
- the leftward target leaning angle ⁇ T2 increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases.
- the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 is zero when the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B is less than or equal to ⁇ 2.
- the rightward target leaning angle ⁇ T2 increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases.
- step 106 the controller 37 acquires the second table data as the target leaning angle table data.
- the second table data is stored in storage device 38 .
- the second table data defines the relationship between the steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B and the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 when the vehicle body 2 moves backward.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing an example of second table data.
- the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 is 0 when the leftward steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B is less than or equal to ⁇ 1.
- the rightward target leaning angle ⁇ T2 increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases.
- the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 is zero when the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B is less than or equal to ⁇ 2.
- the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 of the front wheels 3A and 3B is greater than ⁇ 2, the leftward target leaning angle ⁇ T2 increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases.
- the storage device 38 stores a function indicating the correspondence between the steering angle ⁇ 1 and the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 .
- the controller 37 refers to the target leaning angle table data and acquires the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 corresponding to the steering angle ⁇ 1 from the target leaning angle table data.
- the controller 37 controls the leaning actuator 61 so that the leaning angle ⁇ 2 becomes the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 .
- the controller 37 controls the leaning actuator 61 by executing the process shown in FIG. 8B.
- the controller 37 obtains the current lean angle ⁇ 2.
- controller 37 obtains speed table data.
- the speed table data defines the relationship between the leaning angle ⁇ 2 of the front wheels 3A, 3B and the target leaning speed. According to the speed table data, the target leaning speed increases as the leaning angle ⁇ 2 increases.
- the speed table data is stored in storage device 38 .
- the correspondence relationship between the leaning angle ⁇ 2 and the target leaning speed may be related using a function. In this case, the storage device 38 stores a function indicating the correspondence between the leaning angle ⁇ 2 and the target leaning speed.
- the controller 37 refers to the speed table data and acquires the target leaning speed corresponding to the current leaning angle ⁇ 2 from the leaning speed table.
- the controller 37 operates the leaning actuator 61 at the target leaning speed until the above error becomes zero. When the above error becomes zero, the controller 37 terminates the processing of step 107 .
- the controller 37 refers to the first table data and determines the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 from the steering angle ⁇ 1. Therefore, the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 is zero when the leftward steering angle ⁇ 1 is less than or equal to ⁇ 1 and when the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 is less than or equal to ⁇ 2. Therefore, the controller 37 maintains the front wheels 3A, 3B in a neutral state. Alternatively, the controller 37 may maintain the previous leaning angle ⁇ 2 that is operated by the operator.
- the controller 37 When the leftward steering angle ⁇ 1 is greater than ⁇ 1, the controller 37 operates the leaning actuator 61 so that the leaning angle ⁇ 2 becomes the leftward target leaning angle ⁇ T2 that increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases. Control. As a result, when the front wheels 3A and 3B are steered leftward as shown in FIG. 5A, the leaning actuator 61 is controlled so that the front wheels 3A and 3B are tilted leftward as shown in FIG. 6A. .
- the controller 37 When the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 is greater than ⁇ 2, the controller 37 operates the leaning actuator 61 so that the leaning angle ⁇ 2 becomes the target rightward leaning angle ⁇ T2 that increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases. Control. As a result, when the front wheels 3A and 3B are steered rightward as shown in FIG. 5B, the leaning actuator 61 is controlled so that the front wheels 3A and 3B are tilted rightward as shown in FIG. 6B. .
- the controller 37 refers to the second table data and determines the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 from the steering angle ⁇ 1. Therefore, when the leftward steering angle ⁇ 1 is less than or equal to ⁇ 1 and when the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 is less than or equal to ⁇ 2, the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 is zero.
- the controller 37 When the leftward steering angle ⁇ 1 is greater than ⁇ 1, the controller 37 operates the leaning actuator 61 so that the leaning angle ⁇ 2 becomes the target rightward leaning angle ⁇ T2 that increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases. Control. When the rightward steering angle ⁇ 1 is greater than ⁇ 2, the controller 37 operates the leaning actuator 61 so that the leaning angle ⁇ 2 becomes the leftward target leaning angle ⁇ T2 that increases as the steering angle ⁇ 1 increases. Control. Therefore, the tilting direction of the front wheels 3A, 3B when moving backward is opposite to the tilting direction of the front wheels 3A, 3B when moving forward.
- the controller 37 acquires the steering angle ⁇ 1 based on the steering angle signal.
- the controller 37 acquires the leaning angle ⁇ 2 based on the leaning angle signal.
- the controller 37 acquires the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 corresponding to the steering angle ⁇ 1.
- the controller 37 controls the leaning actuator 61 so that the leaning angle ⁇ 2 becomes the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 .
- the leaning angle .theta.2 is changed according to the steering angle .theta.1.
- the operator can automatically set the leaning angle ⁇ 2 corresponding to the steering angle ⁇ 1 only by operating the first steering member 45 and/or the second steering member 46 without operating the leaning lever 63. be able to. That is, the operator can easily and favorably turn the work machine 1 .
- the leaning angle ⁇ 2 may be changed according to the steering angle ⁇ 1.
- the articulate angle is ".theta.3”
- the leaning angle ⁇ 2 can be automatically set to the target leaning angle ⁇ T2 .
- the controller 37 acquires the current roll angle of the vehicle body 2, enables automatic leaning control when the roll angle is equal to or less than a predetermined roll angle, and disables automatic leaning control when the roll angle is greater than the predetermined roll angle.
- the operator can automatically set the leaning angle simply by changing the steering angle. That is, the operator can easily and preferably turn the work machine.
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Abstract
Description
ステップ102において、コントローラ37は、車体2の進行方向を取得する。ステップ103において、コントローラ37は、車体2の進行方向が前進方向であるか否かを判断する。
2 車体
3A,3B 前輪
11 フロントフレーム
12 リアフレーム
37 コントローラ
40 操舵角センサ
41 ステアリングアクチュエータ
61 リーニングアクチュエータ
62 リーニング角センサ
θ1 操舵角
θ2 リーニング角
θT2 目標リーニング角
Claims (10)
- 車体と、
前記車体に支持される操向輪と、
前記操向輪の操舵角を変更する第1アクチュエータと、
前記操向輪のリーニング角を変更する第2アクチュエータと、
前記操舵角を示す第1角度信号を出力する操舵角センサと、
前記リーニング角を示す第2角度信号を出力するリーニング角センサと、
前記第1角度信号及び前記第2角度信号を取得するコントローラと、
を備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記第1角度信号に基づいて前記操舵角を取得し、
前記第2角度信号に基づいて前記リーニング角を取得し、
前記操舵角に対応する目標リーニング角を取得し、
前記リーニング角が前記目標リーニング角になるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御する、
作業機械。 - 前記目標リーニング角は、前記操舵角が所定の角度以下である場合の第1目標リーニング角と、前記操舵角が前記所定の角度より大きい場合の第2目標リーニング角と、を含み、
前記コントローラは、
前記操舵角が前記所定の角度より小さい場合に、前記リーニング角が前記第1目標リーニング角になるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御し、
前記操舵角が前記所定の角度より大きい場合に、前記リーニング角が前記第2目標リーニング角になるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御する、
請求項1に記載の作業機械。 - 前記操舵角が大きくなるにつれて、前記第2目標リーニング角は大きくなる、
請求項2に記載の作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、
前記操舵角及び前記目標リーニング角の対応関係を示すテーブルデータに基づいて、前記操舵角に対応する前記目標リーニング角を取得する、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、
後進時の前記操向輪の傾倒方向が、前進時の前記操向輪の傾倒方向と反対となるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御する、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の作業機械。 - 車体と、車体に支持される操向輪と、前記操向輪の操舵角を変更する第1アクチュエータと、前記操向輪のリーニング角を変更する第2アクチュエータと、前記操舵角を示す第1角度信号を出力する操舵角センサと、前記リーニング角を示す第2角度信号を出力するリーニング角センサと、を含む作業機械を制御するための方法であって、
前記第1角度信号及び前記第2角度信号を取得することと、
前記第1角度信号に基づいて前記操舵角を取得することと、
前記第2角度信号に基づいて前記リーニング角を取得することと、
前記操舵角に対応する目標リーニング角を取得することと、
前記リーニング角が前記目標リーニング角になるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御することと、
を備える方法。 - 前記目標リーニング角は、前記操舵角が所定の角度以下である場合の第1目標リーニング角と、前記操舵角が前記所定の角度より大きい場合の第2目標リーニング角と、を含み、
前記操舵角が前記所定の角度より小さい場合に、前記リーニング角が前記第1目標リーニング角になるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御することと、
前記操舵角が前記所定の角度より大きい場合に、前記リーニング角が前記第2目標リーニング角になるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御することと、
をさらに備える請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記操舵角が大きくなるにつれて、前記第2目標リーニング角を大きくすること、
をさらに備える請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記操舵角及び前記目標リーニング角の対応関係を示すテーブルデータに基づいて、前記操舵角に対応する前記目標リーニング角を取得すること、
をさらに備える請求項6から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 後進時の前記操向輪の傾倒方向が、前進時の前記操向輪の傾倒方向と反対となるように、前記第2アクチュエータを制御すること、
をさらに備える請求項6から9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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| CN202280035034.7A CN117320949A (zh) | 2021-08-20 | 2022-06-15 | 工程机械、及用于控制工程机械的方法 |
| US18/560,455 US20240253699A1 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2022-06-15 | Work machine and method for controlling work machine |
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| JP2021134906A JP7710337B2 (ja) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | 作業機械、及び、作業機械を制御するための方法 |
| JP2021-134906 | 2021-08-20 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120150390A1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-14 | Ruhter Martin L | Wheel Lean Control |
| JP2018079706A (ja) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 自動傾斜車両 |
| US20190301130A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Motor Grader with Comfort Steering |
| US20200291609A1 (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | Caterpillar Inc. | Control system for a work machine |
| JP3229366U (ja) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-12-03 | スウェイ モータースポーツ エルエルシー | 傾斜可能車両のための制御システム |
-
2021
- 2021-08-20 JP JP2021134906A patent/JP7710337B2/ja active Active
-
2022
- 2022-06-15 WO PCT/JP2022/023962 patent/WO2023021826A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-06-15 CN CN202280035034.7A patent/CN117320949A/zh active Pending
- 2022-06-15 US US18/560,455 patent/US20240253699A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120150390A1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-14 | Ruhter Martin L | Wheel Lean Control |
| JP2018079706A (ja) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 自動傾斜車両 |
| JP3229366U (ja) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-12-03 | スウェイ モータースポーツ エルエルシー | 傾斜可能車両のための制御システム |
| US20190301130A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Motor Grader with Comfort Steering |
| US20200291609A1 (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | Caterpillar Inc. | Control system for a work machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240253699A1 (en) | 2024-08-01 |
| JP7710337B2 (ja) | 2025-07-18 |
| CN117320949A (zh) | 2023-12-29 |
| JP2023028923A (ja) | 2023-03-03 |
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