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WO2023020778A1 - Agencement de projection pour un véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Agencement de projection pour un véhicule à moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023020778A1
WO2023020778A1 PCT/EP2022/070528 EP2022070528W WO2023020778A1 WO 2023020778 A1 WO2023020778 A1 WO 2023020778A1 EP 2022070528 W EP2022070528 W EP 2022070528W WO 2023020778 A1 WO2023020778 A1 WO 2023020778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
projector
projection arrangement
housing
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2022/070528
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michele CAPPUCCILLI
Benjamin Schultheis
Marcel Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to CN202280004188.XA priority Critical patent/CN115989140A/zh
Publication of WO2023020778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023020778A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

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    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2333/00—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
    • B32B2333/04—Polymers of esters
    • B32B2333/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2369/00—Polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projection arrangement for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle comprising such a projection arrangement.
  • Windshields containing functional elements are increasingly being used in vehicles. These include, for example, display elements that allow the glazing to be used as a display, with the glazing remaining transparent. Via displays of this type, the driver of a motor vehicle can have relevant information displayed directly on the windshield of the motor vehicle without having to take his or her eyes off the road. Applications in buses, trains or other forms of public transport, in which current information about the journey or advertising is projected onto the glazing, are also known.
  • HUD head-up display
  • a projector and a windshield with a wedge-shaped thermoplastic intermediate layer and/or wedge-shaped panes
  • a wedge angle is necessary to avoid double images.
  • the projected image appears in the form of a virtual image at a certain distance from the windshield, so that the driver of the motor vehicle perceives the projected navigation information as being on the road in front of him, for example. This may be beneficial for navigation applications, but is rather irritating for other information, such as information about an incoming phone call or warnings.
  • Another well-known concept for displaying information on a pane is the integration of display films based on diffuse reflection. These create a real image that appears to the viewer in the plane of the glazing. Glazings with transparent display films are known, for example, from EP 2 670 594 A1 and EP 2 856 256 A1. The diffuse reflection of the display element is generated by means of a rough internal surface and a coating on it. EP 3 151 062 A1 describes a projection arrangement for integration in automobile glazing. Display films are available in the form of projection films that contain the diffusely reflecting layer on at least one carrier film. Such display foils can be integrated into glazing via thermoplastic composite foils.
  • the windshield of a motor vehicle can thus be used simultaneously as a projection surface for a virtual HUD image and a real image based on diffuse reflection.
  • the real image which is based on diffuse reflection, is transparent so that the driver can see through the pane adequately. Nevertheless, a large number of large-scale projections on the windshield can be irritating for the driver.
  • WO 2021 139995 A1 relates to a glazing and display system for vehicles comprising a composite vehicle pane which comprises a layer which can be switched between an active first state and a second state.
  • the layer In the first state, the layer reflects incident light, which strikes the composite pane from a first side of the vehicle assembly, diffusely, so that a projected image is visible on a second side of the composite pane.
  • the laminated pane is a side window, a side window or a partition of a vehicle.
  • large-area display panels such as TFT displays
  • TFT displays can be installed in the vehicle interior, on which the desired information can be visualized without impairing the view through the windshield.
  • the display panels themselves especially when switched off, are visually unattractive and dominant in color, usually black.
  • WO 2021 107061 A1 and WO 2021 107062 A1 disclose image display systems in motor vehicles, the image display systems comprising a display glass which is used in the dashboard of the motor vehicle.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a projection arrangement for a motor vehicle which is visually attractive in the inactive state and does not impair the driver's view in the active state.
  • the object of the present invention is solved by a projection arrangement according to independent claim 1 .
  • Preferred embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
  • the projection arrangement according to the invention for a motor vehicle comprises at least one composite pane, a projector for projecting an image on the composite pane and a housing with a light outlet opening.
  • the composite pane includes a first pane having a projector-side surface (Side I) and a viewer-side surface (Side II) and a second pane having a projector-side surface (Side III) and a viewer-side surface (Side IV).
  • the viewer-side surface (II) of the first pane is connected to the projector-side surface (III) of the second pane via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the projector-side surface of the first pane and the second pane is in each case the surface of the first pane and the second pane that is closest to the projector.
  • the pane surface opposite the projector-side surface (I) of the first pane is the viewer-side surface (II) of the first pane.
  • the surface opposite the viewer-side surface (IV) of the second pane is the projector-side surface (III) of the second pane.
  • the viewer-side surface of the panes is the surface of the respective pane that is closest to the viewer for whom the projection is intended. The projector is thus located on the projector-side surface (I) of the first pane, while the viewer of the projection is provided on the opposite, viewer-side surface (IV) of the second pane.
  • the diffusely reflecting layer of the composite pane is arranged between the viewer-side surface (II) of the first pane and the projector-side surface (III) of the second pane and diffusely reflects light impinging on the layer.
  • the projector is arranged inside the housing in such a way that a light beam generated by the projector hits the projector-side surface (I) of the first pane through the light outlet opening of the housing. The light from the projector thus first falls on the projector-side surface (I) of the first pane, then on the diffusely reflecting layer and is scattered there. This diffusely reflected scattered light emerges from the observer-side surface (IV) of the second pane and is visible to an observer on this side of the pane as an image in the plane of the composite pane.
  • the projection thus takes place in transmission.
  • the composite pane is arranged at a distance of less than 200 mm from the light outlet opening of the housing.
  • the housing surrounds the projector and, due to the small distance between the light outlet opening and the laminated pane, also closes a large part of the light path. This optically cloaks the projector and light path and hides it from the viewer while protecting it from interference from objects entering the light path.
  • the image of the projection arrangement is generated on the composite pane of the projection arrangement provided for this purpose, so that the windshield of a vehicle with a projection arrangement according to the invention is not impaired by the projection. This reduces the abundance of representations on the windshield, which improves their clarity. At the same time, monitors that appear as large black areas when inactive are avoided.
  • the laminated pane of the projection arrangement according to the invention is visually more appealing.
  • the laminated pane can also be made at least partially transparent, so that the areas lying behind the laminated pane are visible to the observer through the laminated pane.
  • the decorative surfaces frequently used in vehicles are not optically disturbed by large black display panels, but are visible through the laminated pane when the projection arrangement is inactive. As a result, the visual appearance of the motor vehicle interior is significantly improved.
  • the composite pane is not intended as transparent glazing that separates the vehicle interior from the vehicle environment, but as an additional composite pane that lies within the vehicle interior when the projection arrangement is installed in a motor vehicle.
  • the laminated pane can be made transparent or tinted, with the tint and appearance being designed according to customer requirements. In this context, the legal requirements regarding the light transmission of windscreens do not have to be taken into account.
  • the surfaces of the housing facing the light path are designed in such a way that they have only a low level of light reflection.
  • these surfaces are matt and black.
  • Polymeric materials are particularly suitable for manufacturing the housing and/or for coating the relevant surfaces.
  • the composite pane is preferably arranged at a distance of less than 100 mm, preferably 10 mm to 80 mm, particularly preferably 20 mm to 60 mm, from the light outlet opening of the housing.
  • the laminated pane is integrated in a visually appealing and space-saving manner. It is also advantageous in terms of accident safety if the laminated pane protrudes only a small amount, thus minimizing the risk of injury.
  • unwanted reflections of the projector light or sunlight are avoided by keeping the distance between the compound pane and the housing surface with the light outlet opening as small as possible.
  • the housing of the projection arrangement conceals the projector and a large part of the light path and is also available for accommodating further optional components, such as optics for directing the light beam generated by the projector.
  • the housing may consist of one or more parts that together at least partially surround the projector and the light path.
  • the housing can also only arise in the installation situation of the projection arrangement in a motor vehicle.
  • the surfaces of the vehicle structure closest to the projector and the light path together form the housing.
  • Further components independent of the projection arrangement can also be integrated within the housing in the sense of a space-saving and weight-saving vehicle construction. For example, if the projector is integrated in the area behind the dashboard of the vehicle that is not visible to the driver, the housing surrounding the projector consists of the dashboard and the space below the dashboard.
  • the dashboard forms the housing surface that is visible to the driver or other viewers in the vehicle interior.
  • the projector is integrated below the dashboard, i.e.
  • the light outlet opening is located in the dashboard and connects the space below the dashboard with the vehicle interior.
  • the projection arrangement according to the invention can be integrated in the front or rear center console of the vehicle.
  • the housing of the projection arrangement formed by the borders of the center console, for example, and the light outlet opening is located on a surface of the center console as an opening that connects the interior of the center console with the vehicle interior.
  • the composite pane of the projection arrangement preferably has a size of 5 cm 2 to 50 cm 2 , particularly preferably 15 cm 2 to 40 cm 2 , in particular 25 cm 2 to 35 cm 2 .
  • a laminated pane of this magnitude offers sufficient space for projecting an image and can be integrated to save space.
  • the housing includes an optical arrangement, by means of which the light beam of the projector is deflected and/or focused and projected onto the laminated pane through the light outlet opening.
  • the housing preferably comprises at least one mirror by means of which the light beam generated by the projector can be directed along a light path in such a way that it strikes the laminated pane through the light outlet opening.
  • the path covered by the light beam between the projector and the laminated pane is referred to as the light path.
  • An optical arrangement is advantageous to allow greater flexibility in positioning the projector. The use of one or more mirrors as the optical arrangement is preferred.
  • the light path can run completely linearly, provided that no optical arrangements such as mirrors are used, or preferably composed of several linear sections. Immediately adjacent linear sections are connected via a mirror that deflects the light beam.
  • the light path preferably comprises at least a first section between the projector and a mirror and a second section between a mirror and the laminated pane. If the projection arrangement contains exactly one mirror, then the first section of the light path is between the projector and this mirror and the second section of the light path is between the mirror and the laminated pane. If the projection arrangement comprises two or more mirrors, at least a third section of the light path lies between the first section and the second section.
  • the number of mirrors used depends on the installation position of the projector, with a higher number of mirrors allowing for a spatially more flexible installation position.
  • the second section of the light path ie the section between a mirror and the laminated pane, is preferably inclined in the direction of the floor surface of the motor vehicle when the projection arrangement is installed in a motor vehicle.
  • inclined means that the light path deviates from a parallel to the floor surface, preferably by an angle of at least 5°, particularly preferably by an angle of at least 10°, in the direction of the floor surface. This is advantageous in order to prevent the viewer from being dazzled by the portion of light transmitted in a directed manner through the windshield. Even if the laminated pane has a diffusely reflecting layer, there is generally no complete scattering of the light from the projector impinging on the laminated pane, but rather a certain proportion of the light is transmitted directly. This transmitted portion of light could dazzle the viewer, which is avoided by tilting the beam in the second section of the light path.
  • the projector and/or the mirror or mirrors are preferably arranged in such a way that the second section of the light path forms an angle of up to 15° to 85°, preferably from 20° to 60°, to the adjacent first section or, if there are more than one Mirror, to an adjacent third section occupies.
  • This course of the light path has proven to be advantageous with regard to a space-saving arrangement of the projector and mirror or mirrors in the housing.
  • the total length of the light path is the sum of the lengths of all sections of the light path.
  • the overall length of the light path and the projector used are preferably matched to one another in such a way that the overall length of the light path lies between the minimum focusing distance of the projector and the maximum focusing distance of the projector.
  • the laminated pane has a maximum luminance factor of between 0.1 and 0.8, preferably between 0.3 and 0.6 and, for a real image generated in the plane of the laminated pane, an intrinsic viewing angle a of more than 60°, in a first direction and greater than 30°, in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the intrinsic viewing angle ⁇ is particularly preferably greater than 70° in a first direction and greater than 20°, preferably greater than 30° in a second direction which runs perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the practical viewing angle depends on both the ambient light and the projector used. Nonetheless, the practical viewing angle is a commonly used feature for display specification and can be determined for the chosen environmental conditions related to a specific use case.
  • the practical viewing angle is determined based on the contrast of the screen.
  • the contrast of a screen is usually defined as the luminance ratio between a white and a black image, with a minimum ratio of 4.5:1 (white image to black image) considered necessary for a legible display. From this, the practical viewing angle can be derived as the viewing angle 0 within the position in which at least the minimum contrast of 4.5:1 is achieved.
  • the intrinsic viewing angle ⁇ of a display is measured from the luminance curve in the area of the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the peak around the maximum value, independent of the value of the viewing angle 0 at the peak center.
  • the reference 0 0° for the measurement of the luminance curve corresponds to the transmission direction.
  • the luminance of an ideal screen (Lambertian reference, called Spectralon) is measured under the same conditions.
  • An ideal screen is defined as a screen whose luminance does not depend on projection or viewing angle and whose reflectivity is 100%.
  • the Lambertian reference screen is a surface that perfectly obeys Lambert's cosine law, which states that the amount of light reflected from an ideal, diffusely reflecting surface is directly proportional to the cosine of the angle between the direction of the incident light and the surface normal.
  • the human eye can only detect luminance, which is a measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light traveling in a given direction and describes the amount of light reflected from a given surface.
  • luminance is a measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light traveling in a given direction and describes the amount of light reflected from a given surface.
  • a Lambertian surface with ideal diffuse reflection is therefore perceived by the human eye with the same luminance and brightness regardless of the viewing angle.
  • an ideal Lambertian diffuser is accessible through commercially available reference materials such as "Spectralon" which is made of sintered polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • Spectralon sintered polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Maximum luminance also known as maximum gain or peak gain
  • 0° maximum luminance
  • some specially designed screens may have their maximum luminance at a different viewing angle. It should be noted that with a transparent display the value at 0° may not be measurable due to the hotspot (specular reflection of the projector light on the outer flat glass surface) and is therefore extrapolated from the luminance at a small angle.
  • Preferred intrinsic viewing angles are defined in terms of luminance as being within the FWHM of the luminance curve (see Figure 6). This definition is an intrinsic definition.
  • Luminance indicates the luminance of the projection screen in relation to the luminance of an ideal screen, which is a perfect Lambertian diffuser.
  • viewing angle An alternative more practical definition of viewing angle would be to define a practical viewing angle where the contrast is less than 4.5:1, but this definition depends on the viewing and lighting conditions and the projector. It is therefore preferred to define the viewing angles within the FWHM of the luminance curve.
  • the luminance curve can be determined as already described and has the shape of a Gaussian curve, for example.
  • the displayed image is a real image.
  • a real image differs from a virtual image in terms of the focal plane.
  • the focal plane has a certain distance from the projection surface, eg one meter or up to several meters.
  • the plane of focus is close to the screen.
  • the focal plane for a real image according to the invention is preferably at a maximum distance of 10 cm from the laminated pane.
  • the composite panel When the projector is off, the composite panel is optically similar to traditional glazing, maintaining transparency with a slightly higher haze value.
  • a typical haze for such glazing is between 1% and 6%, preferably between 2.5% and 4.5%, measured according to the ASTM D 1003 standard.
  • Haze measures the proportion of transmitted light that is at an angle greater than 2.5° from the straight path. High values correspond to a loss of contrast in the image projected onto the laminated pane. Good transparency of the laminated pane is achieved within the given range of low haze values.
  • the light outlet opening of the projection arrangement is covered by at least one screen.
  • the screen can be fixed or moveable.
  • the panel runs between the second section of the light path and the floor surface of the motor vehicle when the projection arrangement is installed, preferably at an angle of 0° to 10° to the second section of the light path.
  • the aperture does not enter the light path.
  • the screen is designed to be movable and closes the light outlet opening when the projection arrangement is switched off. In the active state of the projection arrangement, the movable screen can assume the position of the fixed screen according to the first embodiment.
  • the projection arrangement has a fixed diaphragm and a movable diaphragm, the movable diaphragm closing the light outlet opening when the projection arrangement is switched off.
  • the movable shutters of the described embodiments can be changed in position by means of a controller and a motor.
  • the diffusely reflecting layer is preferably introduced into the laminated pane in such a way that it lies between the viewer-side surface of the first pane and the projector-side surface of the second pane is arranged.
  • the diffusely reflecting layer is thus integrated adjacent to the thermoplastic intermediate layer or within the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the diffusely reflecting layer preferably comprises microparticles, particularly preferably silicon dioxide microparticles, polymeric microparticles and/or liquid crystal microparticles. These have proven to be particularly advantageous in order to achieve high light scattering in the transmission direction.
  • microparticles with a reflective surface for example microparticles made of silicon dioxide with a silver coating, have proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the diffusely reflecting layer is preferably integrated in the layer stack of the thermoplastic intermediate layer in the form of a display film, the diffusely reflecting layer being applied to one of the surfaces of the display film.
  • the laminated pane comprises the first pane, a first thermoplastic composite film, the display film with a diffusely reflecting layer, a second thermoplastic composite film and a second pane laminated in this order as a layer stack.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film and the second thermoplastic composite film enclose the display film that is embedded between them.
  • the display foil preferably comprises a diffusely reflecting layer or surface that diffusely reflects incident light. Diffuse reflection is conceptually to be understood as non-directional reflection.
  • On the diffusely reflecting layer for example, an image of a projector directed from the side of the laminated pane facing away from the viewer onto the first pane is displayed, with the display film showing a real image in the plane of the laminated pane.
  • a real image differs from a virtual image, the virtual image being in a different plane than the projection plane and the real image being shown in the projection plane.
  • the display film includes a diffusely reflective internal surface with a diffusely reflective coating.
  • the diffuse reflective coating preferably comprises microparticles such as silicon dioxide particles, polymeric particles or liquid crystals.
  • metal or metal oxide particles can also be used.
  • the microparticles mentioned have a spherical shape and/or are transparent or translucent.
  • Display foils with a diffusely reflecting coating comprising titanium oxide particles (TiO x particles), silver particles or silicon dioxide particles have proven to be advantageous for realizing the invention.
  • display foils with organic, diffusely reflecting coatings containing cholesteric liquid crystals are suitable.
  • the display film includes cholesteric liquid crystals that are oriented in a matrix.
  • a possible example of a display film is described in WO 2017/204103 A1, the film comprising randomly dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal droplets covered by a refractive index-matched layer.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal droplets essentially have the shape of a hemisphere, the radius of which depends on the contact angle between the film and the droplet.
  • a wavelength selectivity of the display film is also possible, as described for example in WO 2016/175183 A1.
  • the image projected onto the laminated pane by means of the projection arrangement according to the invention is visible to the viewer in the transmission direction, with the viewer and projector being located on opposite surfaces of the laminated pane.
  • display foils with a diffusely reflecting coating which comprise spherical particles with a silicon dioxide core encased by a silver layer, are particularly suitable for such transmission-based projection arrangements.
  • Such particularly suitable coatings were, for example, by Hsu et. al. Described (Hsu, C.W. et al. Transparent displays enabled by resonant nanoparticle scattering. Nat. Commun. 5:3152 doi:10.1038/ncomms4152 (2014)).
  • a wide variety of display films are in principle commercially available, with polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), triacetyl cellulose (TAG) and/or polycarbonate (PC) being used as common carrier materials. Due to the low adhesion of these materials to glass panes, the display film is preferably integrated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer, with the display film being connected to the first pane or the second pane via a first thermoplastic composite film and a second thermoplastic composite film.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • TAG triacetyl cellulose
  • PC polycarbonate
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably comprises a first thermoplastic composite film and a second thermoplastic composite film between which the display film is arranged at least in sections, preferably over a large area.
  • the display film can be left open, so that there thermoplastic composite films lie directly on top of each other.
  • the first and second thermoplastic composite sheets typically have the same dimensions as the first and second panes.
  • the display film is connected to the first pane via a region of the first thermoplastic composite film and to the second pane via a region of the second thermoplastic composite film.
  • the first and the second thermoplastic composite film are arranged flat on top of each other and laminated to one another in the layer stack, with the display film being inserted between the two layers.
  • the areas of the thermoplastic composite films that overlap with the display film then form the areas that connect the display film to the panes. In other areas of the pane where the thermoplastic composite films are in direct contact with each other, they can fuse during lamination.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention can contain a first thermoplastic laminated film and a second thermoplastic laminated film or also a plurality of first and/or second thermoplastic laminated films. Accordingly, instead of a first and/or second thermoplastic composite film, there can also be a two-layer, three-layer or multi-layer film stack made of thermoplastic composite films and/or other functional films, with the individual films having the same or different properties.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film and the second thermoplastic composite film preferably each comprise exactly one film layer. This avoids additional film interfaces where ventilation must be ensured.
  • a thermoplastic composite film can also be formed from sections of different thermoplastic films whose side edges adjoin one another.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably contains polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU) and/or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral.
  • the first and the second thermoplastic composite film comprise polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane and/or ethylene vinyl acetate, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film and/or the second thermoplastic composite film contain tinted polyvinyl butyral. This is advantageous in order to improve the contrast of the image projected onto the laminated pane.
  • the composite pane can include other design elements, for example other tinted foils and/or colored masking prints on the pane surfaces and/or the foil surfaces.
  • the laminated pane contains at least one lighting element, preferably several lighting elements, which are arranged in the edge area of the laminated pane along the peripheral edge of the laminated pane.
  • a tinted thermoplastic intermediate layer In such an arrangement, the lighting is deactivated when the projection arrangement is active, with the tinting of the thermoplastic interlayer improving the contrast of the display, and the lighting is activated when the projection arrangement is inactive, resulting in a pleasing appearance and better visibility through the laminated pane.
  • the first pane and/or the second pane can also be tinted.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film and the second thermoplastic composite film preferably each have a thickness of 25 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 40 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m.
  • An image projected onto the display film using a projector must pass through all the film layers of the laminated pane. It has been shown that the image quality decreases with increasing slice thickness. In this respect, composite films with a small thickness are preferred. Symmetrical or asymmetrical layer structures can be used here.
  • thermoplastic composite film with a thickness of at least 100 ⁇ m, preferably 200 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 300 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, for example 380 ⁇ m, is preferably used as the first thermoplastic composite film that connects the viewer-side surface of the first pane to the display film .
  • the second thermoplastic composite film, which connects the projector-side surface of the second pane to the display film, is preferably designed with a thickness within the same ranges.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film and the second thermoplastic composite film are particularly preferably of the same thickness, for example 380 ⁇ m each.
  • the first and second panes are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably of soda-lime glass, as is customary for window panes.
  • the panes can also be made of other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass.
  • the first pane and/or the second pane are made of rigid clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. Combinations of a glass pane and a plastic pane are also possible.
  • composite panes comprising at least one plastic pane are advantageous in order to reduce the risk of injury in traffic accidents.
  • at least the second pane directly facing the viewer is made of plastic, preferably polycarbonate.
  • the panes can be clear, tinted or tinted.
  • the first pane, the second pane and/or the intermediate layer can have further suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflection coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings or sun protection coatings or low-E coatings).
  • the corners of the laminated pane are preferably rounded. This minimizes the risk of injury to vehicle occupants in the event of a traffic accident.
  • the composite pane can
  • the thickness of the first and the second pane can vary widely and can thus be adapted to the requirements in the individual case.
  • the first and second panes preferably have thicknesses of 0.2 mm to 4.0 mm each, particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm each, in particular 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the laminated pane is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m. However, the laminated pane can also be flat.
  • the first disk and the second disk may be unbiased, partially biased, or biased independently of one another. If at least one of the panes is to have a prestress, this can be a thermal or chemical prestress.
  • the laminated pane can be manufactured by methods known per se.
  • the first pane and the second pane are laminated together via the intermediate layer, for example by autoclave processes, vacuum bag processes, vacuum ring processes, calendering processes, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof.
  • the connection of first pane and second pane usually takes place under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure.
  • the invention also includes a vehicle comprising a projection arrangement according to the invention, the housing being integrated within the dashboard, the front center console or the rear center console in the vehicle.
  • the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing and exemplary embodiments.
  • the drawing is a schematic representation and not to scale. The drawing does not limit the invention in any way. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a projection arrangement according to the invention with the composite pane in cross section
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the projection arrangement according to the invention with the composite pane in cross section
  • FIG. 3a shows a plan view of an embodiment of the composite pane of the projection arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 3b shows a cross section through the laminated pane from FIG. 3a along the section line AA'
  • FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional representation of a projection arrangement according to the invention in cross section
  • FIG. 5a shows an external view of a projection arrangement according to the invention in the idle state
  • FIG. 5b shows an external view of the projection arrangement according to FIG. 5a in the activated state
  • FIG. 6 an illustration to explain the term “luminance” in the context of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a projection arrangement 100 according to the invention comprising a composite pane 10, a projector 20 which is arranged in a housing 30 and is directed through a light outlet opening 31 of the housing 30 onto a region of the composite pane 10.
  • Projected images P can be generated in this area by means of the projector 20, which are perceived by an observer B (vehicle driver or vehicle occupant) as real images on the side of the laminated pane 10 facing him.
  • the laminated pane 10 is in cross-section along a cut line AA' shown in Figure 3a.
  • the composite pane 10 is made up of a first pane 1 and a second pane 2 which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 .
  • the first pane 1 has a projector-side surface I facing the projector 20 and a viewer-side surface II facing the viewer B on.
  • the second pane 2 has a surface III on the projector side, which faces the projector 20, and a surface IV on the viewer side, which faces the viewer B, with the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 covering the surface II of the first pane 1 on the viewer side and the projector-side surface III of the second pane 2 connects to each other.
  • a diffusely reflecting layer 5 is arranged between the viewer-side surface II of the first pane 1 and the projector-side surface III of the second pane 2 .
  • the light emitted by the projector 20 passes through the light outlet opening 31 of the housing 30 along the light path 40 to the compound pane 10 and is scattered there on the diffusely reflecting layer 5 .
  • the diffusely reflected light exiting at the viewer-side surface IV is perceived as a projected image P by the viewer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the projection arrangement 100 according to the invention with the laminated pane 10 in cross section.
  • the embodiment essentially corresponds to that described in FIG.
  • the projector 20 is aimed at a mirror 32 which reflects the light from the projector and directs it to a further mirror 32 which also reflects the light and directs it through the light outlet opening 31 onto the laminated pane 10 .
  • the light path 40 is divided into a first section 41 between the projector 20 and a mirror 32, a second section 42 between a further mirror 32 and the composite pane 10 and the third section 43 of the light path 40 lying between the two mirrors 32.
  • the structure of the Light path 40 in several sections through the use of mirrors 32 allows easy adjustability of the projection assembly 20 in the installation situation. Furthermore, the installation position of the projector 20 is variable over a wide range.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show an embodiment of the composite pane 10 of the projection arrangement 100 according to the invention, with FIG. 3a showing a top view and FIG. 3b a cross section through the composite pane 10 of FIG. 3a along the section line AA′ shows.
  • the second pane 2 comprises clear soda-lime glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and is laminated to a first pane 1 with a thickness of 2.1 mm comprising clear soda-lime glass via the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 to form a composite pane .
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 comprises a first thermoplastic composite film 3.1 and a second thermoplastic composite film 3.2 between which a display film 6 is inserted.
  • the display film 6 is designed as a scattering film based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m and contains a diffusely reflecting layer 5.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film 3.1 consists of clear polyvinyl butyral, while the second thermoplastic composite film 3.2 consists of tinted polyvinyl butyral with a light transmission TL of about 28%.
  • the first thermoplastic composite film 3.1 with a thickness of 380 ⁇ m is attached in the immediate vicinity of the first pane 1, while the second thermoplastic composite film 3.2 with a thickness of 380 ⁇ m is in contact with the second pane 2.
  • the peripheral edge of the display film 6 is set back in relation to the common peripheral edge of the thermoplastic composite films 3.1, 3.2 and the panes 1, 2.
  • the resulting gap is filled with the material of the thermoplastic composite film 4 in the lamination process.
  • FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional representation of a projection arrangement 100 according to the invention in cross section.
  • the structure of the laminated pane 10 corresponds to that described in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
  • the projection arrangement 100 of FIG. 4 essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG.
  • the projector 20 is aimed at the mirror 32 which directs the light from the projector 20 and through the light outlet opening 31 onto the laminated pane 10 .
  • the light path 40 is divided into a first section 41 between the projector 20 and a mirror 32 and a second section 42 between the mirror 32 and the composite pane 10.
  • the composite pane 10 is attached by means of brackets 34 to the outer surface of the housing 30 facing the viewer B fastened.
  • the projection arrangement 100 is integrated into the center console of a motor vehicle, with the outer surface of the housing 30 which is visible to the viewer B being formed by a section of the center console.
  • a screen 33 extends from the light outlet opening 31 in the direction of the mirror 32. The screen 33 conceals the light outlet opening 31, so that the viewer B looks through the laminated pane 10 at the screen 33 when the projection arrangement 100 is in the idle state.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show an external view of a projection arrangement 100 according to the invention in the idle state (FIG. 5a) and in the activated state (FIG. 5b), the structure essentially corresponding to that described in FIG. In the activated state according to FIG.
  • a projected image (P) is generated on the laminated pane 10 by means of the projector 20 (not shown).
  • the projector 20 is deactivated, so that no image is projected onto the laminated pane 10.
  • the outside of the center console is provided with a design element 35 in sections, which also extends to the surface of the panel 33 facing the viewer.
  • the design element 35 can consist, for example, of a contour or surface structure that differs in color from the surroundings.
  • this design element 35 is visible through the laminated pane 10. The projection arrangement 100 therefore does not disturb the overall impression of the center console with the design element 35 in the idle state, or only slightly so.
  • FIG. 6 shows diagrams for explaining the “luminance” parameter (referred to as gain) in relation to a screen, for example the composite pane 10 of FIGS. 1 to 5 used as a display, with reference to the explanations above.
  • the luminance measurements were carried out with a luminance meter and a video projector. Luminance is measured at different viewing angles for a given angle of incidence of the projected light. The projection angle was set as close to 0° as possible (corresponding to the normal to the screen). If the projection angle is kept constant, the luminance depends only on the observation angle 0. The position of the luminance meter is therefore adjusted so that at a viewing angle of 0° in the horizontal plane, the luminance meter is aligned with the specular reflection.
  • the viewing angle is therefore actually equal to 0° since the SLR is taken as a reference for measuring the viewing angle.
  • Luminance measurements were taken every five degrees from 15° to 75° (measured in the horizontal plane) in an unlit environment shielded from any light source other than the video projector. A Spectralon measured under the same conditions was used to standardize the luminance measurements and to determine the luminance from these measurements.
  • the intrinsic viewing angle a can be derived from these measurements as the half-width of the luminance curve and represents the angular width at which the luminance is greater than half the maximum luminance.
  • the luminance is in Figure 2 denoted as gain, the luminance of the spectrum as Lideai and the luminance of the screen as L SC reen.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Abstract

Agencement de projection (100) pour un véhicule à moteur comprenant au moins un panneau composite (10) ayant une couche réfléchissante de manière diffuse (5), un projecteur (20) pour projeter une image sur le panneau composite (10), et un boîtier (30) ayant une ouverture de sortie de lumière (31), le panneau composite (10) ayant une couche réfléchissante de manière diffuse (5) comprenant un premier panneau (1) ayant une surface côté projecteur (I) et une surface côté observateur (II) et un second panneau (2) ayant une surface côté projecteur (III) et une surface côté observateur (IV), la surface côté observateur (II) du premier panneau (1) étant reliée à la surface côté projecteur (III) du second panneau (2) par l'intermédiaire d'une couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (3), le panneau composite (10) étant placé à une distance inférieure à 200 mm de l'ouverture de sortie de lumière (31) du boîtier (30), et le projecteur (20) étant placé à l'intérieur du boîtier (30) de telle sorte qu'un faisceau lumineux généré par le projecteur (20) traverse l'ouverture de sortie de lumière (31) du boîtier (30) sur la surface côté projecteur (I) du premier panneau (1), et que l'image projetée par le projecteur (20) soit visible sur la surface côté observateur (IV) du second panneau (2).
PCT/EP2022/070528 2021-08-17 2022-07-21 Agencement de projection pour un véhicule à moteur Ceased WO2023020778A1 (fr)

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CN202280004188.XA CN115989140A (zh) 2021-08-17 2022-07-21 用于机动车辆的投影装置

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DE102023128191A1 (de) * 2023-10-16 2025-04-17 Webasto SE Anzeigevorrichtung und Fahrzeugdach

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EP2670594A1 (fr) 2011-01-31 2013-12-11 Saint-Gobain Glass France Element transparent a reflexion diffuse
EP2856256A1 (fr) 2012-05-25 2015-04-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procede de projection ou de retroprojection sur un vitrage comprenant un element en couches transparent presentant des proprietes de reflexion diffuse
WO2016175183A1 (fr) 2015-04-30 2016-11-03 富士フイルム株式会社 Écran transparent
EP3151062A1 (fr) 2014-06-02 2017-04-05 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Structure de projection vidéo, procédé de production de structure de projection vidéo, procédé de projection vidéo, et vitre pour automobile
WO2017204103A1 (fr) 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 富士フイルム株式会社 Film transparent, écran transparent, système d'affichage d'images et affiche transparente
WO2021107061A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2021-06-03 積水化学工業株式会社 Film intermédiaire pour verre feuilleté, verre feuilleté et système d'affichage d'image
WO2021107062A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2021-06-03 積水化学工業株式会社 Film intermédiaire pour verre feuilleté, verre feuilleté et système d'affichage d'image
WO2021139995A1 (fr) 2020-01-06 2021-07-15 Saint-Gobain Glass France Fenêtre latérale de véhicule en verre et fenêtre de séparation dotées d'un écran transparent à projection active

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EP2670594A1 (fr) 2011-01-31 2013-12-11 Saint-Gobain Glass France Element transparent a reflexion diffuse
EP2856256A1 (fr) 2012-05-25 2015-04-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Procede de projection ou de retroprojection sur un vitrage comprenant un element en couches transparent presentant des proprietes de reflexion diffuse
EP3151062A1 (fr) 2014-06-02 2017-04-05 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Structure de projection vidéo, procédé de production de structure de projection vidéo, procédé de projection vidéo, et vitre pour automobile
WO2016175183A1 (fr) 2015-04-30 2016-11-03 富士フイルム株式会社 Écran transparent
WO2017204103A1 (fr) 2016-05-24 2017-11-30 富士フイルム株式会社 Film transparent, écran transparent, système d'affichage d'images et affiche transparente
WO2021107061A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2021-06-03 積水化学工業株式会社 Film intermédiaire pour verre feuilleté, verre feuilleté et système d'affichage d'image
WO2021107062A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2021-06-03 積水化学工業株式会社 Film intermédiaire pour verre feuilleté, verre feuilleté et système d'affichage d'image
WO2021139995A1 (fr) 2020-01-06 2021-07-15 Saint-Gobain Glass France Fenêtre latérale de véhicule en verre et fenêtre de séparation dotées d'un écran transparent à projection active

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DE102023128191A1 (de) * 2023-10-16 2025-04-17 Webasto SE Anzeigevorrichtung und Fahrzeugdach

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