WO2023013329A1 - ヘアピン核酸組成物 - Google Patents
ヘアピン核酸組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023013329A1 WO2023013329A1 PCT/JP2022/026323 JP2022026323W WO2023013329A1 WO 2023013329 A1 WO2023013329 A1 WO 2023013329A1 JP 2022026323 W JP2022026323 W JP 2022026323W WO 2023013329 A1 WO2023013329 A1 WO 2023013329A1
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- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- C12N15/1135—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing against oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to hairpin nucleic acid compositions, cell death-inducing compositions, pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active ingredients, protein function-inhibiting compositions, and cell death-promoting compositions.
- Nucleic acid drugs are molecular targeted therapeutic drugs that specifically bind to target nucleic acids and proteins to suppress their functions based on nucleic acid molecules. Nucleic acid medicine is attracting attention as a new drug for diseases that have been difficult to treat in the past. (Non-Patent Document 1). However, practical use of nucleic acid medicines, especially for cancer, has not yet been achieved.
- nucleic acid drugs that have been marketed so far have mainly been antisense nucleic acids and siRNAs that inhibit the translation and splicing process of target mRNAs by hybridizing sequence-specifically to them.
- decoy nucleic acids are capable of capturing and/or inactivating nucleic acid-binding proteins such as transcription factors that are difficult to develop drugs, and are promising nucleic acid molecules as anticancer agents.
- decoy nucleic acids have low cell selectivity, they have high off-target effects and tend to exhibit toxicity even to normal cells.
- the target is limited to diseases in which the target molecule exists.
- nucleic acid drug discovery from such a point of view has hardly been done so far, and there are no successful examples.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a nucleic acid drug that can capture and/or inactivate nucleic acid binding proteins that are difficult to develop drugs, and that can induce cell-specific nucleic acid immunity.
- the present inventors have developed the Hybridization Chain Reaction, which is a type of nucleic acid self-assembly technology and has been mainly used for the detection and fluorescence imaging of minute amounts of nucleic acid molecules in vivo. ; hereinafter referred to as “HCR” in this specification).
- HCR Hybridization Chain Reaction
- the present inventors induced HCR specifically in cancer cells using a hairpin nucleic acid having a protein-binding motif for the transcription factor NF- ⁇ B, the cancer cells were killed and nucleic acid immunity was induced. It became clear.
- the present invention is based on the new knowledge and the like, and provides the following.
- a hairpin nucleic acid composition comprising two or more hairpin nucleic acids containing all or part of a protein binding motif
- the hairpin nucleic acid is an initiation hairpin nucleic acid comprising a target RNA binding cassette and an extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette; and an extended hairpin nucleic acid comprising a protruding region cassette and a non-protruding region cassette;
- Each hairpin nucleic acid comprises, in order, a protruding region of 4-20 bases, a stem first region containing 10-20 bases, a loop region of 3-50 bases and a stem second region containing 10-20 bases, the stem first region and the stem second region are capable of hybridizing to each other intramolecularly;
- the target RNA-binding cassette includes all or part of the protruding region followed by all or part of the stem first region, and is hybridizable with all or part of the target RNA;
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid-binding cassette includes all or part of
- the non-protruding region cassette includes all or part of the stem second region and is hybridizable with other protruding region cassettes of different elongated hairpin nucleic acids, said loop region and/or overhanging region comprises all or part of said protein binding motif; binding of the target RNA to the target RNA binding cassette of the initiating hairpin nucleic acid causes the entire protein binding motif to become double stranded; said composition.
- a protein function-inhibiting composition comprising the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to any one of [1] to [16] as an active ingredient.
- a cell death-promoting composition comprising the hairpin nucleic acid composition of any one of [1] to [16] as an active ingredient.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the hairpin nucleic acid composition of any one of [1] to [16] as an active ingredient.
- a cell death-inducing composition comprising a hairpin nucleic acid having a hairpin structure capable of forming a hybridization chain structure, the initiation hairpin nucleic acid hybridizing with a target RNA, and the initiation hairpin nucleic acid or other extended hairpin nucleic acid
- a cell death-inducing composition comprising an extended hairpin nucleic acid that hybridizes with a cell death-inducing composition.
- the initiation hairpin nucleic acid comprises a target RNA binding cassette that hybridizes with the target RNA and an extension hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette that hybridizes with the extension hairpin nucleic acid, wherein the extension hairpin nucleic acid is the initiation hairpin nucleic acid or other
- the cell death-inducing composition of (1) comprising a protruding region cassette that hybridizes with an extended hairpin nucleic acid and a non-protruding region cassette that hybridizes with an additional extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- binding of the target RNA to the target RNA-binding cassette dissociates the hairpin structure of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid, thereby allowing the extension hairpin nucleic acid-binding cassette and the protruding region cassette of the extension hairpin nucleic acid to hybridize; Further, the hybridization dissociates the hairpin structure of the elongated hairpin nucleic acid, and the non-protruding region cassette and the protruding region cassette of the other elongated hairpin nucleic acid become hybridizable, thereby directly having the hybridization chain structure.
- the cell death-inducing composition according to (1) or (2) which forms a stranded double-stranded nucleic acid.
- the target RNA-binding cassette is further hybridizable with the non-protruding region cassette of the extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- said initiation hairpin nucleic acid and/or extension hairpin nucleic acid further comprises all or part of a protein binding motif.
- the loop region and/or the protruding region includes all or part of the protein-binding motif, and the entire protein-binding motif is composed of a double strand when the hybridization chain structure is formed;
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the cell death-inducing composition according to any one of (1) to (12) as an active ingredient.
- An anticancer agent comprising a hairpin nucleic acid having a hairpin structure capable of forming a hybridization chain structure, which hybridizes with an initiation hairpin nucleic acid that hybridizes with a target RNA, and the initiation hairpin nucleic acid or other extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- An anticancer agent comprising an extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- An anti-inflammatory agent comprising a hairpin nucleic acid having a hairpin structure capable of forming a hybridization chain structure, the initiation hairpin nucleic acid hybridizing with a target RNA, and hybridizing with the initiation hairpin nucleic acid or other extended hairpin nucleic acid
- An anti-inflammatory agent comprising an extended hairpin nucleic acid that soybeans.
- a composition comprising an initiation hairpin nucleic acid and an extension hairpin nucleic acid having a hairpin structure capable of forming a hybridization chain structure, wherein the initiation hairpin nucleic acid is a target RNA-binding cassette that hybridizes with a target RNA; an extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette that hybridizes with an extended hairpin nucleic acid, said extended hairpin nucleic acid hybridizing with an overhang region cassette that hybridizes with said initiation hairpin nucleic acid or another extended hairpin nucleic acid, and further with another extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- composition comprising a non-overhanging region cassette, wherein said initiation hairpin nucleic acid and/or extension hairpin nucleic acid further comprises all or part of a protein binding motif.
- nucleic acid immunity can be induced by capturing the nucleic acid binding protein.
- the protein function inhibitor of the present invention can inhibit protein function based on HCR.
- cell death can be promoted based on HCR in target cells.
- an effect based on HCR can be obtained at the target site.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a typical structure of a hairpin nucleic acid of the present invention.
- FIG. A shows the structure of the starting hairpin nucleic acid.
- B shows the structures of extended hairpin nucleic acids of 5' overhang ((I)) and 3' overhang ((II)).
- C shows the state when the target RNA and the hairpin nucleic acids of A and B are hybridized.
- a is the protruding region
- b is the stem first region
- b' is the stem second region
- c is the loop region
- the thin vertical line in C indicates that two nucleic acid strands hybridize.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a specific example of HCR; A indicates steps 1-3 of HCR.
- FIG. B shows the formation of the HCR product upon repetition of step 3.
- sHP indicates the initiation hairpin nucleic acid
- eHP indicates the extension hairpin nucleic acid.
- Target indicates target RNA.
- FIG. 3 shows HCR efficiency in three hairpin nucleic acid sets (HP(16), HP(15) and HP(13)) with different minimum free energy changes.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing abundance over time of the first hairpin nucleic acid (HP1(16)) and the second hairpin nucleic acid (HP2(16)) of HP(16) in the presence of a nuclease.
- FIG. 10 shows the capture efficiency of NF- ⁇ B by HCR products of HP(16).
- NF- ⁇ B/HCR product indicates a complex of NF- ⁇ B and HCR product.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the time after microinjection of HP(16) and the amount of HCR products in HEK293T cells and HeLa cells. In the figure, "**" indicates that the p-value is less than 0.01.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the introduced amount of HP(16) and cell viability in HEK293T cells and HeLa cells. In the figure, “**” indicates that the p-value is less than 0.01, and "***" indicates that the p-value is less than 0.001.
- FIG. 4 shows the amount of IFN- ⁇ when poly(dG:dC) and HP(16) were introduced into MCF7 cells.
- NC indicates a negative control.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a specific example of HCR; A indicates steps 1-3 of HCR. B shows the formation of the HCR product upon repetition of step 3.
- sHP indicates the initiation hairpin nucleic acid
- eHP indicates the extension hairpin nucleic acid.
- Target indicates target RNA.
- FIG. 4 shows the amount of HCR products after microinjection of HP(16) in HEK293T, MDA-MB-231, HeLa and A549 cells.
- "*" indicates that the p-value is less than 0.05
- "**" indicates that the p-value is less than 0.01. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a specific example of HCR; A indicates steps 1-3 of HCR. B shows the formation of the HCR product upon repetition of step 3.
- sHP indicates the initiation hairpin nucleic acid
- eHP indicates the extension hairpin nucleic acid.
- Target indicates target RNA
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing relative cell viability in HEK293T cells, MDA-MB-231 cells and HeLa cells when HP(16) was introduced.
- “**” indicates that the p-value is less than 0.01
- “***” indicates that the p-value is less than 0.001. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 2 shows the relative cell viability in HeLa cells transfected with poly(dA:dT) and HP(16), respectively, and the change in the viability due to further transfection of STING siRNA.
- "***” indicates that the p-value is less than 0.0001. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 3 shows the amount of IFN- ⁇ mRNA when HP(16) was introduced into HeLa cells, and the change in the level due to further introduction of STING siRNA.
- “*” indicates that the p-value is less than 0.05. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- FIG. 10 shows changes in tumor volume over time when PBS, poly(dA:dT) and HP(16) were introduced into tumor-bearing mice. In the figure, "**" indicates that the p-value is less than 0.01. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
- a first aspect A of the present invention is a hairpin nucleic acid composition comprising two or more hairpin nucleic acids capable of forming a hybridization chain structure.
- the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention comprises an initiation hairpin nucleic acid and an extension hairpin nucleic acid as essential components, and when the initiation hairpin nucleic acid hybridizes to the target RNA, the target RNA, the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the extension hairpin nucleic acid are combined by HCR.
- a body is formed in a chain.
- the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention can capture nucleic acid-binding proteins to induce nucleic acid immunity, and can be an active ingredient of the protein function-inhibiting composition, cell death-promoting composition, and pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- hairpin nucleic acid refers to a single-stranded nucleic acid capable of forming a hairpin structure.
- a “hairpin structure” as used herein refers to a nucleic acid secondary structure comprising a set of a stem structure, a loop structure and a protruding region formed by a single-stranded nucleic acid. Schematic diagrams of hairpin nucleic acids are shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
- a hairpin nucleic acid herein comprises, in order, a protruding region (a), a first stem region (b), a loop region (c) and a second stem region (b').
- the term "5'-end protruding type (B(I))” refers to a type of hairpin nucleic acid containing a protruding region at the 5' end.
- a 5′-end protruding hairpin nucleic acid comprises a protruding region, a stem first region, a loop region and a stem second region in order from the 5′ end.
- the term “3'-end protruding type (A and B(II))” refers to a type of hairpin nucleic acid containing a protruding region at the 3' end.
- a 3'-end protruding hairpin nucleic acid comprises a stem second region, a loop region, a stem first region and a protruding region in order from the 5' end.
- a “stem structure” is a structure in which two stem regions (b and b') containing mutually hybridizable base sequences form a double strand.
- a “loop structure” is a loop-shaped structure formed by a loop region (c) consisting of a single-stranded nucleic acid.
- protruding region (a) refers to a protruding end that recognizes the single-stranded portion of the target RNA or HCR product in HCR.
- “Overhanging end” refers to a nucleic acid region consisting of a single strand that flanks either or both free ends of the stem region (non-adjacent ends to the loop region).
- the length of the protruding region is not particularly limited herein, it is, for example, 4 or more bases, 5 or more bases, 6 or more bases, 7 or more bases, or 8 or more bases.
- the protruding region is, for example, 20 bases or less, 19 bases or less, 18 bases or less, 17 bases or less, 16 bases or less, 15 bases or less, 14 bases or less, 13 bases or less, 12 bases or less, 11 bases or less, 10 bases. or less, or 9 bases or less.
- the length of the protruding region can be, for example, 4 to 20 bases.
- stem region (b and b') refers to a nucleic acid region that hybridizes with each other within a molecule to form a stem structure. At least both ends of each stem region consist of bases complementary to each other.
- the length of each stem region is not particularly limited, but is, for example, independently 10 or more bases, 11 or more bases, 12 or more bases, 13 or more bases, or 14 or more bases.
- the length of each stem region can be independently set to, for example, 20 bases or less, 19 bases or less, 18 bases or less, 17 bases or less, 16 bases or less, or 15 bases or less.
- the length of each protruding region can be, for example, 10 to 20 bases independently.
- “Stem first region (b)” refers to the stem region adjacent to the protruding region.
- the “second stem region (b′)” refers to a stem region that is not adjacent to the protruding region.
- loop region (c) refers to a nucleic acid region located between the two stem regions in a single-stranded nucleic acid.
- the length of the loop region is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 3 or more bases, 4 or more bases, 5 or more bases, 6 or more bases, 7 or more bases, or 8 or more bases.
- the loop region is, for example, 50 bases or less, 40 bases or less, 30 bases or less, 25 bases or less, 20 bases or less, 19 bases or less, 18 bases or less, 17 bases or less, 16 bases or less, 15 bases or less, 14 bases. 13 bases or less, 12 bases or less, 11 bases or less, 10 bases or less, or 9 bases or less.
- the length of the loop region can be, for example, 3 to 50 bases.
- Hybridization Chain Reaction refers to an elongation reaction of a double-stranded nucleic acid molecule caused by chain-hybridization of a plurality of cleaved hairpin nucleic acids.
- 2 and 9 schematically show a typical HCR process.
- the starting HairPin nucleic acid sHP
- the extension of the hybridization with the target RNA cleaves the hairpin structure of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid. Formation of this target sequence-initiation hairpin nucleic acid complex is the starting point for HCR product formation.
- step 2 the protruding region of the first elongated hairpin nucleic acid (eHP1: elongating HairPin nucleic acid) recognizes and hybridizes to the single-stranded portion of the starting hairpin nucleic acid released by the cleavage, A target sequence-initiation-extension hairpin nucleic acid complex is formed. At this time, the extension of the hybridization with the single-stranded portion of the starting hairpin nucleic acid cleaves the hairpin structure of the extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- eHP1 elongating HairPin nucleic acid
- a second extended hairpin nucleic acid recognizes and cleaves the single-stranded portion of the extended hairpin nucleic acid in the target sequence-initiation-extended hairpin nucleic acid complex formed in step 2, resulting in target sequence-initiation -extended hairpin nucleic acid complex to further hybridize to form a target sequence-start-(extended) 2- hairpin nucleic acid complex.
- This step 3 is then repeated to hybridize successive hairpin nucleic acids to extend the double-stranded nucleic acid and form a high molecular weight polymer (HCR product) (FIGS. 2B and 9B). HCR products form linear double-stranded nucleic acids.
- hybridization chain structure refers to a nucleic acid structure contained in the linear double-stranded nucleic acid formed by the above-mentioned HCR.
- Hybridization linkage structures contain pathogen-associated molecular patterns and induce nucleic acid immunity via pattern recognition receptors.
- nucleic acid immunity refers to an innate immune response based on nucleic acid recognition. Nucleic acid immunity is induced by recognition of non-self nucleic acids and/or damaged self-derived nucleic acids by pattern recognition receptors.
- Pattern-recognition receptor means a protein involved in the induction of the innate immune system that recognizes structural patterns found in non-self and/or injured self-derived molecules.
- a general term for somatic proteins As used herein, unless otherwise specified, it refers to a receptor protein that recognizes a nucleic acid molecule. Structural patterns recognized by pattern recognition receptors are called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
- Porthogen-associated molecular pattern refers to a molecular pattern that exists in viruses, prokaryotes and/or protostomes but does not exist in the environment where pattern recognition receptors exist in normal vertebrates. As used herein, it specifically refers to structural patterns that are present in viral, prokaryotic and/or protostome nucleic acid molecules and are not present in vertebrate nucleic acid molecules.
- target RNA refers to RNA that serves as a starting point for HCR product formation by the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention.
- the target RNA defines the conditions under which HCR is induced by the hairpin nucleic acid compositions of the invention.
- the target RNA is capable of specifically hybridizing with the initiation hairpin nucleic acid that constitutes the hairpin nucleic acid.
- the type of target RNA is not particularly limited.
- mRNA including, for example, mature mRNA, pre-mRNA, modified mRNA, etc.
- ncRNA non-coding RNA: microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) etc.
- natural antisense RNA and the like.
- “Complementary” refers to a relationship in which nucleic acid bases can form base pairs with each other through hydrogen bonding. So-called Watson-Crick base pairs (natural base pairs) or Hoogsteen base pairs are applicable.
- Hybridize or “hybridizable” means that polynucleotides having base sequences complementary to each other base pair to form a fully or partially complementary double strand.
- plural refers to the number of 2 or more. Specifically, for example, 2 to 60, 2 to 45, 2 to 30, 2 to 14, 2 to 10, 2 to 8, 2 to 6, 2 to 5, 2 to 4 It refers to 1 or 2-3.
- hairpin structure formation reaction refers to a reaction in which a hairpin structure is formed by changing a single-stranded nucleic acid from a linear form to a hairpin form in a hairpin nucleic acid.
- free energy change amount refers to the net amount of energy supplied from the external environment to the reaction system through a certain reaction when the temperature and pressure conditions are constant.
- the net amount of energy supplied from the external environment in the hairpin structure-forming reaction is relevant.
- the free energy variation of the present invention includes, for example, both the Gibbs free energy variation ( ⁇ G) and the Helmholtz free energy variation ( ⁇ F).
- protein-binding motif refers to a double-stranded sequence motif to which a specific protein can bind.
- protein binding motifs to which transcription factors bind are referred to herein as “transcription factor binding motifs.”
- inhibittion of protein function refers to inhibition of the function that the protein can originally exhibit.
- the degree of inhibition and the method of inhibition are not particularly limited.
- cell death refers to the death of cells. Cell death is roughly classified into programmed cell death and accidental cell death, and both of them are included in the present specification. Programmed cell death includes, for example, apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis. Apoptosis refers to programmed cell death characterized by the formation of membrane-enclosed aggregates of fragmented nuclei (apoptotic bodies). In the process of apoptosis, phenomena such as cell fragmentation, nuclear fragmentation, membrane blebbing and chromatin condensation are observed. Autophagy as used herein, in particular also called macroautophagy, refers to programmed cell death that occurs during nutritional stress.
- necroptosis refers to programmed cell death in which necrosis-like phenomena such as release of cell contents to the outside of the cell are observed.
- necroptosis includes all of them.
- Accidental cell death refers to cell death caused by mechanical damage to the cell or external or internal stress of the cell. Accidental cell death is also called necrosis.
- apoptosis-related factor refers to any protein associated with a signaling pathway that induces apoptosis.
- Apoptosis-associated factors herein include both pro-apoptotic factors and apoptosis-inhibiting factors.
- Specific apoptosis-related factors include Fas pathway-related factors, caspases, mitochondrial pathway-related factors, FOXO family proteins, various kinases (eg, cyclin-dependent kinases and MAP kinases), and the like.
- Apoptosis-associated factors herein include proteins known to be associated with diseases such as, for example, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
- autophagy-related factor refers to any protein associated with a signal pathway that induces autophagy.
- Autophagy-related factors herein include both autophagy-promoting factors and autophagy-repressing factors.
- Autophagy-associated factors may be associated with any step of autophagy, e.g., factors associated with phagophore development, factors associated with phagophore growth and autophagosome formation, and factors involved in autolysosomes. etc.
- Autophagy-associated factors herein include proteins known to be associated with diseases such as, for example, cancer, immune system diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.
- inflammation-related factors refer to proteins that are affected during inflammation. Inflammation-related factors herein include both pro-inflammatory factors and inflammation-suppressing factors. Specific inflammation-related factors include, for example, various interleukins (including, for example, IL-1, TNF- ⁇ and IFN- ⁇ ), NF- ⁇ B family proteins, STAT family proteins, HIF proteins and the like. . Inflammation-associated factors herein include proteins known to be associated with diseases such as, for example, cancer and immune system diseases.
- immune system disease refers to a disease characterized by an abnormality of the immune system. Specific examples include autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases.
- Immune cells refer to cells involved in immunity. Specific examples include lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Lymphocytes include, for example, T cells, B cells, NK cells and plasma cells. Immune cells herein are preferably cells that have aberrant activity in diseases of the immune system.
- Autoimmune disease refers to a disease that produces an immune response against self-antigens. Specifically, for example, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, lupus, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, celiac disease, Crohn's disease, colitis, type I diabetes, scleroderma, psoriasis etc.
- Inflammatory disease refers to a disease characterized by high-level inflammation or degeneration in tissues. Inflammatory diseases herein include both chronic inflammatory diseases and acute inflammatory diseases. Specifically, for example, celiac disease, vasculitis, lupus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), irritable bowel syndrome, atherosclerosis, arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, colitis, hepatitis (for example, viral hepatitis such as chronic active hepatitis and non-viral hepatitis), dermatitis, psoriasis, and the like.
- inflammatory cells refer to cells involved in inflammatory responses. Specific examples include eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, mast cells, and type II innate lymphocytes. Inflammatory cells herein are preferably cells with abnormal activity in inflammatory diseases.
- neurodegenerative disease refers to a disease in which the structure of nerve tissue degenerates over time.
- specific examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, macular degeneration, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, Niemann-Pick disease, osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. is mentioned. Many of these are induced by the accumulation of specific proteins.
- abnormal activity refers to markedly or significantly suppressed or enhanced activity compared to activity in normal cells.
- highly expressed of a specific gene means that the expression level is significantly or significantly increased compared to the expression level in normal cells.
- Statistically significant means that there is a significant difference between the measured value of the subject and the control value when the difference is statistically processed. For example, when the significance level of the obtained value is small, specifically when it is less than 5% (p ⁇ 0.05), when it is less than 1% (p ⁇ 0.01), when it is less than 0.1% (p ⁇ 0.001).
- the "p(value)” shown here indicates the probability that the test statistic happens to be that value in the distribution based on the null hypothesis in a statistical test. Therefore, the smaller "p” is, the lower the probability that the test statistic will be that value, and the easier it is to reject the null hypothesis.
- the test method for statistical processing is not particularly limited, and any known test method capable of determining the presence or absence of significance may be used as appropriate. For example, Student's t-test, covariate analysis of variance, etc. can be used.
- Hairpin nucleic acid compositions of the invention comprise two or more hairpin nucleic acids capable of forming a hybridization linkage structure, the hairpin nucleic acids optionally comprising all or part of a protein binding motif.
- a hairpin nucleic acid consists of an initiation hairpin nucleic acid and an extension hairpin nucleic acid. Each of these will be specifically described below.
- FIG. 1A is a hairpin nucleic acid comprising a target RNA binding cassette and an extension hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette ( Figure 1C).
- Target RNA-binding cassette refers to a nucleic acid region that hybridizes with the target RNA in the initiation hairpin nucleic acid.
- the target RNA-binding cassette comprises all or part of the protruding region followed by all or part of the stem first region (Fig. 1C).
- the target RNA-binding cassette is hybridizable with all or part of the target RNA, and the nucleotide sequence of this cassette is complementary to the target RNA at least at both ends of the cassette.
- Extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette refers to a nucleic acid region that hybridizes with the extended hairpin nucleic acid in the initiation hairpin nucleic acid.
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette includes all or part of the stem second region (Fig. 1C).
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette is hybridizable with the overhang region cassette of the extended hairpin nucleic acid, and the base sequences of both cassettes are complementary to each other at least at both ends of each cassette.
- the initiation hairpin nucleic acid can contain one or more bases in addition to the target RNA-binding cassette and the extension hairpin nucleic acid-binding cassette. These bases are present in the starting hairpin nucleic acid, e.g., as a spacer sequence between the target RNA binding cassette and the extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette, and as a terminal sequence ligated to the free ends of the target RNA binding cassette and the extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette. can.
- both cassettes of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid may overlap each other by one or more bases.
- Extended Hairpin Nucleic Acid is a hairpin nucleic acid comprising a protruding region cassette and a non-protruding region cassette (Fig. 1C).
- “Overhanging region cassette” refers to a nucleic acid region in an extended hairpin nucleic acid that hybridizes with the initiation hairpin nucleic acid or other extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- a protruding region cassette includes all or part of the protruding region followed by all or part of the stem first region (Fig. 1C).
- the overhanging region cassette is hybridizable with the extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid or the non-overhanging region cassette of other mutually different extended hairpin nucleic acids, and the base sequences of both cassettes are at least at both ends of each cassette. complementary to each other.
- Non-protruding region cassette refers to a nucleic acid region in an extended hairpin nucleic acid that hybridizes with another extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- the non-protruding region cassette includes all or part of the stem second region (Fig. 1C).
- the non-protruding region cassette is hybridizable with other protruding region cassettes of different extended hairpin nucleic acids, and the base sequences of both cassettes are complementary to each other at least at both ends of each cassette.
- another elongated hairpin nucleic acid that hybridizes with the protruding region cassette and “another elongated hairpin nucleic acid” that hybridizes with the non-protruding region cassette are usually different elongated hairpin nucleic acid molecules.
- these extended hairpin nucleic acid molecules may have the same sequence, ie, homogeneous extended hairpin nucleic acids, or may have different sequences, ie, heterologous extended hairpin nucleic acids.
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid can contain one or more bases in addition to the protruding region cassette and the non-protruding region cassette. These bases can be present in the extended hairpin nucleic acid, for example, as a spacer sequence between the overhanging and non-overhanging cassettes and as a terminal sequence ligated to the free ends of the overhanging and non-overhanging cassettes.
- both cassettes of the extended hairpin nucleic acid may have an overlap of one or more bases.
- the target RNA (“Target” in FIG. 9) binds to the target RNA-binding cassette of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid (“sHP” in FIG. 9)
- the hairpin structure (particularly the stem structure) of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid is dissociated (FIG. 9A step 1 and step 2).
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid binding cassette of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the protruding region cassette of the extended hairpin nucleic acid (“eHP1” in FIG. 9) are allowed to hybridize (step 2 in FIG. 9A).
- Hybridization of these two cassettes dissociates the hairpin structure (particularly the stem structure) of the extended hairpin nucleic acid (steps 2 and 3 in FIG. 9A). Then, as in step 2, the non-protruding region cassette of this extended hairpin nucleic acid and the protruding region cassette of another extended hairpin nucleic acid (“eHP2” in FIG. 9) can be hybridized (step 3 in FIG. 9A). A chain of these reactions forms a linear double-stranded nucleic acid having a hybridization chain structure (Fig. 9B).
- each cassette constituting the hairpin nucleic acid is not particularly limited. For example, 4 or more bases, 5 or more bases, 6 or more bases, 7 or more bases, 8 or more bases, 9 or more bases, 10 or more bases, 11 or more bases, 12 or more bases, 13 or more bases, 14 or more bases, 15 or more bases, 16 or more bases, 17 or more bases, 18 or more bases, 19 or more bases, 20 or more bases, 21 or more bases, or 22 or more bases.
- Each cassette is, for example, 55 bases or less, 50 bases or less, 40 bases or less, 30 bases or less, 25 bases or less, 24 bases or less, or 23 bases or less.
- each cassette is not particularly limited as long as it contains a sequence that can hybridize to the target nucleic acid to be hybridized.
- each cassette can contain one or more bases unrelated to the sequence of the nucleic acid to which it is bound.
- the target RNA-binding cassette of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the protruding region cassette of the extension hairpin nucleic acid are preferably all or part of the protruding region and the stem following it. Includes all or part of the first region.
- these cassettes may be a contiguous region containing all of the protruding region, the stem first region and the loop region, and a portion of the stem second region, or a portion of the protruding region and the stem first region.
- the sequence of the protruding region that can hybridize with the non-protruding region cassette of the target RNA or other different extended hairpin nucleic acids is 4 or more bases, 5 or more bases, 6 or more bases, 7 or more bases, or 8 or more bases. .
- the sequence of the stem first region that can hybridize with the non-protruding region cassette of the target RNA or other different elongated hairpin nucleic acids has 2 or more bases, 3 or more bases, 4 or more bases, 5 or more bases, 6 bases or more, 7 or more bases, 8 or more bases, 9 or more bases, 10 or more bases, 11 or more bases, 12 or more bases, 13 or more bases, 14 or more bases, 15 or more bases, or 16 or more bases.
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid-binding cassette of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the non-projecting region cassette of the extended hairpin nucleic acid are preferably all or part of the stem second region. including part.
- these cassettes may be contiguous regions containing part of the stem first region, all of the loop region and all of the stem second region, or contiguous regions containing only part of the stem second region. It can be a region.
- the hairpin nucleic acid has a protruding end adjacent to the stem second region, all or part of the protruding end may be included.
- the sequence hybridizable with the non-protruding region cassette of the elongated hairpin nucleic acid or the protruding region cassette of the elongated hairpin nucleic acid different from each other has 4 or more bases, 5 or more bases, 6 7 or more bases, 8 or more bases, 9 or more bases, 10 or more bases, 11 or more bases, 12 or more bases, 13 or more bases, 14 or more bases, 15 or more bases, or 16 or more bases.
- Hybridization chain structure The hairpin nucleic acid of the present invention forms a linear double-stranded nucleic acid having a hybridization chain structure in the presence of target RNA. Hybridization linkage structures can induce nucleic acid immunity.
- hybridization chain structure is not particularly limited as long as it is a nucleic acid double-stranded structure capable of inducing nucleic acid immunity.
- hybridization linkage structures include pathogen-associated molecular patterns recognized by pattern recognition receptors present on biological membranes or in the cytoplasm.
- pattern recognition receptors that can recognize nucleic acids present on biological membranes include Toll-like receptors such as TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9. They exist on the biological membranes of endosomes and lysosomes and recognize nucleic acid molecules that have entered cells.
- pattern recognition receptors that can recognize nucleic acids present in the cytoplasm include RIG-I-like receptors (eg, RIG-I, MDA5, LGP2, etc.), cGAS and AIM2.
- each pattern recognition receptor The pathogen-associated molecular patterns recognized by each pattern recognition receptor are known in the art.
- TLR3 is known to recognize double-stranded RNA of 40 base pairs or more
- TLR7 and TLR8 are known to recognize double-stranded RNA rich in polyuracil or guanine and uracil.
- TLR9 is known to recognize unmethylated single-stranded DNA containing sequences rich in cytosine and guanine such as 5'-GTCGTT-3'.
- the RIG-I protein is known to recognize double-stranded RNA containing blunt ends and triphosphates at the 5' ends.
- the AIM2 protein recognizes double-stranded DNA.
- Hybridization linkage structures may, for example, have pathogen-associated molecular patterns recognized by pattern recognition receptors present in the cytoplasm, and double-stranded nucleic acids (e.g., double-stranded DNA and/or double-stranded RNA). ) to have a pathogen-associated molecular pattern that is recognized by a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes
- the pathogen-associated molecular pattern may be, for example, a double-stranded structure recognized by cGAS or a double-stranded structure recognized by MDA5.
- cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) is a cyclic GMP-AMP synthase.
- An exemplary amino acid sequence of cGAS is shown in SEQ ID NO:14.
- cGAS bound to exogenous double-stranded nucleic acid e.g., virus-derived nucleic acid, etc.
- self abnormal double-stranded nucleic acid e.g., nucleic acid leaked from the nucleus in senescent cells, etc.
- 2'-5'-cGAMP synthesizes the messenger 2'-5'-cGAMP and activates the downstream STING (Stimulator of interferon genes) pathway via this 2'-5'-cGAMP.
- the activated STING pathway induces cell apoptosis and the like.
- Nucleic acids recognized by cGAS are known to include long double-stranded DNA that does not constitute a chromatin structure and short double-stranded DNA that has ends containing unpaired guanosine.
- cGAS-mediated immune response pathways are easily induced when a large amount of nucleic acid molecules invade cells or when double-stranded nucleic acids containing oxidized DNA molecules invade.
- MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5) is a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor belonging to the RIG-I family.
- An exemplary amino acid sequence for MDA5 is shown in SEQ ID NO:15.
- MDA5 bound to double-stranded nucleic acids binds to MAVS (Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein) present on the outer mitochondrial membrane and activates the MAVS pathway.
- MAVS Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein
- Nucleic acids recognized by MDA5 include double-stranded RNA.
- long double-stranded RNAs, Poly(I:C) molecules, and the like are known.
- a hybridization chain structure has a specific length.
- the median length of the HCR product formed is, for example, 100 base pairs or more, 150 base pairs or more, 200 base pairs or more, 250 base pairs or more, 300 base pairs or more, 350 base pairs or more, It may be 400 base pairs or more, 450 base pairs or more, 500 base pairs or more, or 550 base pairs or more.
- a certain amount of double-stranded structure of 500 base pairs or more is preferably formed.
- 5% or more, 6% or more, 7% or more, 8% or more, 9% or more, 10% or more, 11% or more, 12% or more, 13% or more, 14% or more, 15% or more, 16 % or more, 17% or more, 18% or more, 19% or more, 20% or more, 21% or more, 22% or more, 23% or more, 24% or more, or 25% or more have a double-stranded structure of 500 base pairs or more Take.
- the loop region and/or overhang region comprises all or part of a protein binding motif.
- binding of the target RNA to the target RNA binding cassette of the initiating hairpin nucleic acid causes the entire protein binding motif to become double stranded.
- the protein-binding motif is entirely or partially single-stranded, and becomes entirely double-stranded upon HCR.
- one molecule may contain all or part of one or more sequence motifs, and one molecule may not contain the complete sequence motif.
- the type is not particularly limited.
- the plurality of sequence motifs may all be the same sequence motif, or may contain multiple types of sequence motifs.
- a protein capable of binding to a double-stranded nucleic acid and its binding motif can be known by known methods.
- known databases such as Transfac, WordSpy, T-Reg Comparator, MOTIF, TFBIND, TFSEACH and JASPAR can be used.
- protein binding motifs can be identified by DNA footprinting, gel mobility shift assays or other known methods, and/or can be predicted based on known consensus sequence motifs.
- the number of proteins that bind to each sequence motif is not particularly limited.
- sequence motifs to which one or more proteins can bind can be used.
- the type of protein to be bound is not particularly limited. Examples include transcription factors and polymerases.
- the protein is preferably a transcription factor.
- the protein binding motif comprises a transcription factor binding motif.
- a protein may be, for example, a protein involved in a particular disease. Specifically, proteins include, for example, apoptosis-related factors, autophagy-related factors, inflammation-related factors, and the like.
- Each hairpin nucleic acid constituting the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention can be composed of DNA and/or RNA nucleotides.
- Each hairpin nucleic acid can also contain modified nucleotides as constituent nucleotides.
- the type, number, position, etc. of the modified nucleotides contained are not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, modified internucleotide bonds, analogues having similar properties and/or structures to DNA and RNA, peptide nucleic acids, and the like are included.
- modification may vary depending on the sequence of the target RNA, etc., but a person skilled in the art can determine the preferred embodiment by referring to the descriptions in documents related to nucleic acid medicine (e.g., WO 2007/143315, etc.). can do.
- purpose of modification is not particularly limited.
- hairpin nucleic acids and HCR products can be modified for stabilization, detection and pharmacological function.
- the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and extension hairpin nucleic acid that constitute the hairpin nucleic acid composition may contain multiple types of hairpin nucleic acids.
- the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and extension hairpin nucleic acid contained in the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention may be either 5'-end protruding type or 3'-end protruding type, respectively.
- the number of 5'-end overhangs and 3'-end overhangs in the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and extension hairpin nucleic acid is not particularly limited.
- the extended hairpin nucleic acid preferably includes both a 5'-end overhang and a 3'-end overhang.
- the amount of free energy change in the hairpin structure formation reaction is not particularly limited. In general, the lower the free energy change in the hairpin structure-forming reaction, the more difficult it is for the hairpin structure to be cleaved, and the higher the free energy change, the more easily the hairpin structure is cleaved.
- the free energy change is, for example, -20 to -10 kcal/mol. Specifically, for example, -20 kcal/mol or less, -19 kcal/mol or less, -18 kcal/mol or less, -17.5 kcal/mol or less, -17 kcal/mol or less, or -16.5 kcal/mol or less .
- the free energy change is, for example, -10 kcal/mol or more, -11 kcal/mol or more, -12 kcal/mol or more, -12.5 kcal/mol or more, -13 kcal/mol or more, -13.5 kcal/mol -14 kcal/mol or more, -14.5 kcal/mol or more, or -15 kcal/mol or more.
- the amount of change in free energy can be known using known software such as NUPAK, which is used for predicting the stability of higher-order structures of nucleic acids.
- each hairpin nucleic acid the length of each region and the amount of change in free energy may not be the same.
- the cleavage reaction of the hairpin structure of the hairpin nucleic acid that is the most difficult to cleave is considered to be the rate-limiting step of the HCR elongation reaction.
- the free energy change of the hairpin structure-forming reaction of the initiating hairpin nucleic acid can be lower than the free energy change of the extended hairpin nucleic acid.
- the initiation hairpin nucleic acid is a hairpin nucleic acid hybridizable with the target RNA
- the extension hairpin nucleic acid is a hairpin nucleic acid hybridizable with other hairpin nucleic acids. Since the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the extension hairpin nucleic acid are names based on their functions, one hairpin nucleic acid can have the functions of both the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the extension hairpin nucleic acid. Also, for example, when multiple types of initiation hairpin nucleic acids are included, all initiation hairpin nucleic acids may be hybridizable with one extension hairpin nucleic acid, and all may be hybridizable with separate extension hairpin nucleic acids. good too.
- the initiating hairpin nucleic acid is hybridizable with one or more extension hairpin nucleic acids with different terminal overhangs.
- the starting hairpin nucleic acid is 5' overhanging, at least one of the 3' overhanging extended hairpin nucleic acids may be hybridizable to the starting hairpin nucleic acid.
- every extended hairpin nucleic acid is capable of hybridizing simultaneously with two or more extended hairpin nucleic acids of different terminal overhang types.
- All or part of each cassette that constitutes the hairpin nucleic acid may be hybridizable to all or part of the cassettes of multiple types of target RNAs or multiple types of hairpin nucleic acids.
- all or part of the target RNA binding cassette of the hairpin nucleic acid is hybridizable with the non-overhanging region cassette of the extension hairpin nucleic acid. be.
- the target RNA-binding cassette and the protruding region cassette partially overlap.
- the target RNA binding cassette can hybridize with the non-protruding region cassette of the extended hairpin nucleic acid if the target RNA binding cassette and the protruding region cassette match.
- all or part of multiple types of hairpin nucleic acid cassettes may be hybridizable to all or part of the same cassette or target RNA.
- the mode of hybridization between cassettes is not particularly limited, but preferably, when the cassettes are hybridized, other cassettes of each hairpin nucleic acid are exposed in different directions across the hybridized cassette.
- the complex consists of the two cassettes exposed as single strands (the target RNA binding cassette of the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the extension The double-stranded region is flanked by non-protruding region cassettes of hairpin nucleic acids). Therefore, the cassettes on the 3'-end side and the cassettes on the 5'-end side can be hybridized.
- the manner of hybridization between the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the target RNA is not particularly limited.
- the base sequence of the hybridizable region is not particularly limited as long as it is hybridizable.
- a specific hybridizable nucleotide sequence consists of, for example, the following sequences: (1) A base sequence completely complementary to the target sequence to be hybridized (2) A base sequence in which one or more bases are deleted, substituted or added to (1) (3) The hybridizing A base sequence that hybridizes with the target sequence under highly stringent conditions.
- hybridize can be known using a method known in the art. For example, it can be known based on base identity. Usually, a second nucleic acid having a sequence completely complementary to the base sequence of the first nucleic acid and a base sequence having a certain or more base identity is hybridizable with the first nucleic acid. Specifically, for example, hybridizing when the base identity is 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 100% It is possible.
- base identity means that the base sequences of two polynucleotides are aligned (aligned), and if necessary, a gap is introduced into one of the base sequences so that the degree of base identity between the two is the highest. Refers to the ratio (%) of identical bases in one polynucleotide to the total number of bases in the other polynucleotide when the number of bases is increased. % identity using a known program such as homology search program BLAST (Basic local alignment search tool; Altschul, S. F. et al, J. Mol. Biol., 215, 403-410, 1990) search Easy to determine.
- BLAST Basic local alignment search tool
- a second nucleic acid having a base sequence in which a plurality of bases in a sequence completely complementary to the base sequence of the first nucleic acid is replaced with another base is hybridizable with the first nucleic acid.
- a second nucleic acid having a base sequence in which a plurality of bases in a sequence completely complementary to the base sequence of the first nucleic acid is replaced with another base is hybridizable with the first nucleic acid.
- 2 to 60, 2 to 45, 2 to 30, 2 to 14, 2 to 12, 2 to 10, for example, 2 to 8, 2 to 6, 2 Hybridization is possible if ⁇ 5, 2-4 or 2-3 bases are substituted.
- Hybridization conditions are not particularly limited, but may be various stringent conditions such as low stringent conditions and high stringent conditions.
- low stringent conditions is meant conditions under which nucleic acids readily hybridize.
- Low stringency conditions refer to conditions of low temperature and high salt concentration in washing after hybridization.
- conditions include washing at 42° C. to 50° C. with a buffer containing 5 ⁇ SSC and 0.1% SDS.
- Highly stringent conditions means conditions under which non-specific hybrids are not formed.
- the low salt concentration as used herein specifically means, for example, 15 to 750 mM, preferably 15 to 500 mM, 15 to 300 mM or 15 to 200 mM.
- the high temperature referred to here is specifically, for example, 50 to 68°C or 55 to 70°C.
- Specific highly stringent conditions include, for example, washing at 65°C with 0.1 x SSC and 0.1% SDS.
- 1 ⁇ SSC contains 150 mM sodium chloride and 15 mM sodium citrate.
- the expression pattern of the target RNA is not particularly limited.
- the target RNA may be expressed systemically irrespective of timing or the presence or absence of a stimulus, or may be expressed tissue-specifically, cell-specifically, in a time-specific manner, or in response to a stimulus such as an extracellular signal.
- the target RNA is preferably cell-specifically expressed RNA.
- the cells in which the target RNA is expressed are not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, cancer cells, inflammatory cells or immune cells. Inflammatory cells and immune cells expressing the target RNA preferably exhibit aberrant activity.
- the protein may be expressed systemically, with or without a stimulus, tissue-specifically, cell-specifically, time-specifically, or in response to a stimulus such as an extracellular signal. may be expressed.
- the protein does not need to be able to bind stably to the sequence motif under any conditions, as long as it can bind under specific conditions.
- the protein of the present invention includes a methylated CpG-binding protein that does not bind to the protein only by the sequence of the sequence motif and that can bind only when it contains a specific modification. Conditions that allow proteins to bind to the sequence motif need not be satisfied at the time of preparation and use of the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention, and may be satisfied, for example, through intracellular reactions.
- the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention induces HCR in the presence of target RNA and induces protein binding motifs present in a double-stranded state on the HCR product, either through the formed hybridization chain structure, or in addition. can bind to specific proteins via
- the HCR product becomes a polymer with a size of, for example, about 100 bp to 1000 bp, to which a protein such as a pattern recognition receptor binds depending on the length and structure of its hybridization chain structure.
- protein-binding motifs when protein-binding motifs are included, a large number of specific proteins bind to them according to the number of protein-binding motifs. This can lead to stress on the cells, for example, by forming aggregates and inducing liquid-liquid phase separation.
- liquid-liquid phase separation is also called biological phase separation, and is a process in which a uniformly mixed mixed system changes from a single-phase liquid state to a two-phase distinguishable liquid state due to changes in conditions.
- Nucleic acid immunity is induced by the hairpin nucleic acid composition of the present invention.
- Nucleic acid immunity refers to an immune response based on nucleic acid recognition by the innate immune system.
- Nucleic acid immunity is an immune response induced by virus infection, which activates transcription factors of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family based on nucleic acid recognition by pattern recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors. do.
- IRF interferon regulatory factor
- the expression of type I interferons (INF- ⁇ , INF- ⁇ ) and the like can be induced.
- the function of the protein can be inhibited or the amount of free protein can be reduced. This can, for example, inhibit the function of proteins that protect cancer cells from the immune system (eg, NF- ⁇ B signaling pathway-related proteins).
- test hairpin nucleic acid composition can be administered to a subject (e.g., experimental animals, cultured cells, etc.), and administering it for a certain period of time, e.g., 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 After hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, or several days (eg, 1-7 or 2-7 days), it can be performed by measuring an index of effect by the test hairpin nucleic acid composition.
- a subject e.g., experimental animals, cultured cells, etc.
- it can be performed by measuring an index of effect by the test hairpin nucleic acid composition.
- the purpose is to stress cells
- it can be carried out by measuring indicators of cell stress such as cell viability, cell stress markers, and cell death markers.
- measurement of the amount of free protein, reaction products associated with the function of the protein e.g. expression of transcriptionally regulated genes, products of catalyzed enzymatic reactions, and mediators
- the level of the index or product expected to be decreased by application of the hairpin nucleic acid may be reduced compared to a negative control (e.g., vehicle administration), or the level of the index, etc. expected to be increased may be negative. It should be increased compared to the control.
- the level change amount in this case is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, a change of at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 25%, at least 30%, or at least 40% indicates that the subject hairpin nucleic acid composition is capable of producing the desired effect. . Alternatively, for example, it may be determined whether the desired effect can be achieved by confirming whether the change is statistically significant.
- a first aspect B of the present invention is a cell death-inducing composition.
- the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention contains, as active ingredients, an initiation hairpin nucleic acid and an extension hairpin nucleic acid having a hairpin structure capable of forming a hybridization chain structure. When the initiation hairpin nucleic acid hybridizes to the target RNA, a complex of the target RNA, the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the extension hairpin nucleic acid is chained by HCR.
- the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention can capture nucleic acid-binding proteins to induce nucleic acid immunity. It can be an active ingredient of an immunity-inducing composition.
- the constituent components of the cell death-inducing composition of this embodiment will be described.
- the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention comprises an initiation hairpin nucleic acid and an extension hairpin nucleic acid as essential components, and a carrier as an optional component. Each component will be specifically described below.
- the initiation hairpin nucleic acid and the extension hairpin nucleic acid are as detailed in the first aspect A. Therefore, detailed description is omitted here.
- the cell death-inducing composition of this embodiment contains effective amounts of an initiation hairpin nucleic acid and an extension hairpin nucleic acid. Except that the desired effect is the induction of cell death (eg, apoptosis), the basic content of the active ingredients conforms to the pharmaceutical composition described in the second aspect below. Therefore, only the differences are described here.
- the purpose of the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention is to induce cell death. Therefore, as an active ingredient, one or more active ingredients capable of inducing cell death can be included in addition to the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A.
- active ingredients include, for example, compounds that induce cell death, drugs that promote or suppress gene expression, drugs that promote or inhibit function at the protein level, and the like.
- the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention need not induce cell death only in cells containing HCR products.
- the hybridization chain structure is a structure recognized by cGAS, 2'-5'-cGAMP, which is a secondary messenger synthesized by cGAS, moves to adjacent cells etc. through gap junctions, and these cells cell death may also be induced in Also, for example, an immune response can be induced following cell death of cells containing HCR products. This immune response may secondarily promote cell death (eg, immunogenic cell death) in cells with similar defects that do not contain HCR products.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition according to the first aspect as an active ingredient, and induces HCR at a site of interest containing target RNA.
- a desired effect based on HCR can be obtained at a target site.
- the components of the pharmaceutical composition of this embodiment will be described.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains an active ingredient as an essential component and a carrier as an optional component. Each component will be specifically described below.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains an effective amount of the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition according to the first aspect as an essential active ingredient. Since the configurations of the hairpin nucleic acid composition and the cell death-inducing composition are described in detail in the first embodiment, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted here. Depending on the desired effect to be achieved by the pharmaceutical composition, it may contain one or more other active ingredients.
- Effective amount means an amount necessary for the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition to exhibit its function as an active ingredient, and adverse side effects to the subject to which it is applied. refers to an amount that gives little or no This effective amount may vary depending on various conditions such as subject information, route of administration, and frequency of administration. Ultimately, it is determined by the judgment of the administering person such as a doctor, veterinarian or pharmacist.
- the effective amount can be determined so that a sufficient amount of hybridization chain structure to activate cGAS is formed in the cell.
- the amount of nucleic acid in the target cell is 0.01 nM to 20 nM, 0.05 nM to 15 nM, 0.08 nM to 12 nM, 0.09 nM to 11 nM, 0.1 nM to 10 nM, 0.11 nM to 10 nM , 0.2nM to 10nM, 0.5nM to 10nM, 0.8nM to 10nM, 0.9nM to 10nM, 1nM to 10nM, 2nM to 10nM, 5nM to 10nM, 0.1nM to 10nM, 0.1nM to 9nM, 0.1nM to 8nM, 0.1nM ⁇ 6nM, 0.1nM to 5nM, 0.1nM to 3nM, 0.1nM ⁇ 6nM, 0.1nM to 5nM, 0.1nM to 3nM,
- the term "subject” refers to a subject to which the hairpin nucleic acid composition, cell death-inducing composition, pharmaceutical composition, protein function-inhibiting composition, cell death-promoting composition, and nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition of the present invention are applied.
- Subjects include organs, tissues, and cells as well as individuals.
- any animal including humans can be applicable.
- livestock, poultry, pets, experimental animals, and the like can be mentioned.
- the subject may be an individual with abnormal protein expression or abnormal cells, or an individual in need of treatment or prevention of a disease.
- subject information refers to various individual information of living organisms to be applied. For example, if the subject is a human, the information includes age, weight, sex, diet, health condition, disease progression and severity, drug sensitivity, presence or absence of concomitant drugs, and the like.
- target site refers to a biological site containing target cells.
- target cell refers to a cell that is expected to exhibit the effects of the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition of the present invention.
- the cells of interest are cells that express the target RNA and/or cells that highly express the target RNA.
- the cell of interest may be a cell that further expresses a pattern recognition receptor, or a cell that further expresses a protein capable of binding to a protein binding motif.
- composition of the present invention can contain a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to additives commonly used in the field of formulation technology. For example, solvents, bases, emulsifiers, suspending agents, surfactants, pH adjusters, stabilizers, flavoring agents, excipients, vehicles, preservatives, binders, diluents, tonicity agents, sedatives , buffers, coating agents, lubricants, colorants, thickeners, solubilizers, and other additives.
- the solvent may be, for example, water or other pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous solution, or pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvent (eg, vegetable oil, etc.).
- Aqueous solutions include, for example, physiological saline, isotonic solutions containing glucose and other adjuvants, phosphate buffers, and sodium acetate buffers.
- auxiliary agents include D-sorbitol, D-mannose, D-mannitol, sodium chloride, low-concentration nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, and the like.
- the carrier avoids or suppresses the in vivo enzymatic degradation of the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition, which is the active ingredient, and also facilitates formulation and administration methods, and improves the dosage form and efficacy. It is used for maintenance, and may be used appropriately as necessary.
- the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a target site without inactivating the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition according to the first aspect, which are active ingredients, by decomposition or the like. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a form that can be delivered to the body and exert the pharmacological effect of the active ingredient in vivo.
- the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be broadly classified into oral administration and parenteral administration. If the administration method is parenteral administration, the preferred dosage form is a liquid formulation that can be administered directly to the target site or systemically administered via the circulatory system. Examples of liquid formulations include injections. Injections are appropriately combined with the aforementioned excipients, elixirs, emulsifiers, suspending agents, surfactants, stabilizers, pH adjusters, etc., and mixed in a unit dosage form generally accepted for pharmaceutical practice. It can be formulated by Other formulations include ointments, plasters, cataplasms, transdermal formulations, lotions, inhalants, aerosols, eye drops, and suppositories.
- each dosage form described above are not particularly limited as long as they are within the range of dosage forms known in the art for each dosage form.
- the method for producing the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention it may be formulated according to a conventional method in the technical field.
- the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition of the present invention has excellent solubility in water, Japanese Pharmacopoeia Dissolution Test 2nd Fluid, or Japanese Pharmacopoeia Disintegration Test 2nd Fluid, drug half-life, brain penetration, metabolic stability, CYP inhibition) and low toxicity (e.g., acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, cardiotoxicity, drug interaction, carcinogenicity, photo It is superior as a drug in terms of toxicity, etc.) and has excellent properties as a drug, such as less side effects (for example, suppression of sedation and avoidance of lamellar necrosis).
- Dosage Form and Dosage There is no particular limitation herein on preferred dosage forms of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
- oral administration or parenteral administration may be used. It is usually used for parenteral administration.
- parenteral administration examples include intramuscular administration, intravenous administration, intraarterial administration, intraperitoneal administration, subcutaneous administration (including continuous subcutaneous implanted administration), intradermal administration, tracheal/bronchial administration, rectal administration, and by blood transfusion.
- administration intratumoral administration, peritumoral administration (eg, intradermal or subcutaneous administration near a tumor), intracerebroventricular administration, intrathecal administration, intranasal administration, and intramuscular administration.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has an additive inhibitory effect in cells even after repeated administration.
- Target disease The disease to which the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited.
- neurological diseases e.g., central nervous system diseases, metabolic diseases, tumors (e.g., malignant tumors (cancer)), infectious diseases, immune system diseases (e.g., autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, and inflammatory diseases), and disorders Diseases associated with abnormal expression of specific proteins and the presence of abnormal cells, such as protein storage diseases, can be targeted.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention can be intended for the treatment of diseases selected from the group consisting of, for example, cancer, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and protein storage diseases.
- Malignant tumor herein includes, for example, leukemia, seminoma, melanoma, teratoma, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, glioma, prostate cancer, uterine cancer endometrial cancer, cervical cancer Including cancer, ovarian cancer, adrenal cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, head and neck cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer and their metastases.
- an anticancer agent containing the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention as an active ingredient can be obtained by the same configuration as the pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment. can be done.
- the target cancer may be any cancer described above.
- the target RNA can be an RNA that is specifically expressed in the target cancer cell and/or an RNA that is highly expressed in the target cancer cell.
- the anti-cancer agents of the present invention can optionally additionally contain other anti-cancer agents.
- an anti-inflammatory agent containing the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or the cell death-inducing composition of the present invention as an active ingredient has the same configuration as the pharmaceutical composition of the present embodiment. be able to.
- the inflammatory disease of interest may be any inflammatory disease described above in the definitions section.
- the target RNA can be an RNA that is specifically expressed in the inflammatory cells to be applied and/or an RNA that is highly expressed in the inflammatory cells to be applied.
- RNA that is specifically expressed and/or highly expressed in the cells that cause the inflammatory reaction can be used as the target RNA.
- the anti-inflammatory agents of the present invention can optionally additionally contain other anti-inflammatory agents.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a composition for inhibiting protein function.
- the protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention contains the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A as an active ingredient, and induces HCR at the site of interest containing the target RNA.
- protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention for example, protein function can be inhibited based on HCR in target cells.
- the components of the protein function-inhibiting composition of this embodiment will be described.
- the protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention contains an active ingredient as an essential component and a carrier as an optional component. Each component will be specifically described below.
- the protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention contains an effective amount of the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A as an essential active ingredient. Preferably, it contains an effective amount of a hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A comprising a protein binding motif. Except that the desired effect is inhibition of protein function, the basic content of the active ingredient conforms to the pharmaceutical composition described in the second aspect. Therefore, only the differences are described here.
- the purpose of the protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention is to inhibit protein function. Therefore, as an active ingredient, one or more active ingredients capable of inhibiting protein function can be included in addition to the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A.
- active ingredients include, for example, gene expression inhibitors (e.g., antisense nucleic acids, short hairpin nucleic acids, etc.) and function inhibitors at the protein level (e.g., antibodies, aptamers, competitive inhibitors, etc.), and the like. .
- the basic content of the carrier, dosage form, etc. used in the protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention conforms to the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect. Therefore, detailed description here is omitted.
- the protein function-inhibiting composition of the present invention does not necessarily inhibit only proteins that directly bind to protein-binding motifs.
- proteins that indirectly bind HCR products through proteins that bind to protein binding motifs may be of interest.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a cell death promoting composition.
- the cell death-promoting composition of the present invention contains the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A as an active ingredient, and induces HCR in cells of interest containing target RNA.
- HCR cell death-promoting composition
- the constituent components of the cell death-promoting composition of this embodiment will be described.
- the cell death-promoting composition of the present invention contains an active ingredient as an essential component and a carrier as an optional component. Each component will be specifically described below.
- the cell death-promoting composition of the present invention contains an effective amount of the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A as an essential active ingredient. Except that the desired effect is promotion of cell death, the basic content of the active ingredients conforms to the pharmaceutical composition described in the second aspect. Therefore, only the differences are described here.
- the purpose of the cell death-promoting composition of the present invention is to promote cell death. Therefore, in addition to the hairpin nucleic acid composition according to the first aspect A, one or more active ingredients capable of promoting cell death can be included as active ingredients. Specific active ingredients include, for example, compounds that induce cell death, drugs that suppress gene expression, drugs that inhibit function at the protein level, and the like.
- the basic contents such as the carrier and dosage form used in the cell death-promoting composition of the present invention conform to the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect. Therefore, detailed description here is omitted.
- the cell death-promoting composition of the present invention need not induce cell death only in cells containing HCR products.
- an immune response can be induced in association with cell death of cells containing HCR products, as shown in Examples below. This immune response may secondarily promote cell death in cells with similar defects that do not contain HCR products.
- accelerated cell death is, for example, Immunogenic cell death.
- Nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition 5-1 is a nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition.
- the nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition of the present invention contains the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition according to the first aspect as an active ingredient, and induces HCR at a site of interest containing target RNA.
- nucleic acid immunity can be induced based on HCR in target cells.
- the nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition of this embodiment contains a hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or a cell death-inducing composition as active ingredients as an essential component, and a carrier as an optional component. Each component will be specifically described below.
- the nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition of the present invention contains an effective amount of the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition according to the first aspect as an essential active ingredient. Except that the desired effect is the induction of nucleic acid immunity, the basic content of the active ingredients conforms to the pharmaceutical composition described in the second aspect. Therefore, only the differences are described here.
- composition for inducing nucleic acid immunity of the present invention is to induce nucleic acid immunity. Therefore, as an active ingredient, one or more active ingredients capable of inducing nucleic acid immunity can be included in addition to the hairpin nucleic acid composition and/or cell death-inducing composition according to the first aspect.
- active ingredients include, for example, molecules that increase the activity of pattern recognition receptors and/or their downstream factors (e.g., their agonists, expression promoters, etc.), and other types of pattern recognition receptors. and lipid molecules and sugar molecules recognized by pattern recognition receptors that recognize non-nucleic acids.
- the basic content of the carrier, dosage form, etc. used in the nucleic acid immunity-inducing composition of the present invention conforms to the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect. Therefore, detailed description here is omitted.
- composition for inducing nucleic acid immunity of the present invention may induce nucleic acid immunity in cells other than cells containing HCR products.
- the hybridization chain structure is a structure recognized by cGAS, 2'-5'-cGAMP, which is a secondary messenger synthesized by cGAS, moves to adjacent cells etc. through gap junctions, and these cells Nucleic acid immunity may also be induced in
- Example 1 Evaluation of HCR efficiency by cell-free system> (the purpose) In a cell-free experimental system, the relationship between the structure of hairpin nucleic acid and HCR efficiency is investigated.
- Method 1. Design of Hairpin Nucleic Acid Three types of hairpin nucleic acid sets with miR-21 (SEQ ID NO: 1) as target RNA were designed using online software NUPACK (http://www.nupack.org/). Table 1 shows the sequence of each hairpin nucleic acid and the amount of free energy change in the hairpin structure-forming reaction.
- the first hairpin nucleic acid (HP1) exhibited the lowest free energy change.
- HP1(16), HP1(15) and HP1(13) were -16.4 kcal/mol, -15.3 kcal/mol and -13.5 kcal/mol, respectively.
- Each designed hairpin nucleic acid was chemically synthesized using an automatic nucleic acid synthesizer.
- miR-21 was added to a TE buffer solution containing HP1 and the second hairpin nucleic acid (HP2) at a concentration of 1 ⁇ M each at a final concentration of 0.1 ⁇ M, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature. placed. As a control, a mixed solution to which miR-21 was not added was used. After standing, the reaction solution was analyzed by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. SYBR TM Gold (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used for gel staining.
- Example 2 Evaluation of nuclease resistance of hairpin nucleic acid> (the purpose) The relationship between the length of the protruding region of hairpin nucleic acids and nuclease resistance was investigated.
- HP1 (16) or HP2 (16) was added to a final concentration of 0.5 ⁇ M in a DMEM solution (Gibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Biowest) and 0.5% penicillin-streptomycin (Nacalai Tesque). , and allowed to stand at 37°C.
- the internucleotide linkages of the protruding regions of HP1 (16) and HP2 (16) used were phosphorothioate modified.
- reaction solution A portion (20 ⁇ L) of the reaction solution was sampled at regular intervals, and formamide (10 ⁇ L) was added to terminate the reaction. They were then analyzed by 5% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. SYBR TM Gold (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used for gel staining.
- Example 3 Evaluation of protein capture efficiency of HCR products> (the purpose) The efficiency of protein capture of protein binding motifs on HCR products was investigated.
- HP1 (16) and HP2 (16) each have an NF- ⁇ B recognition sequence. Therefore, miR-21 was added to a final concentration of 0.1 ⁇ M HP1(16) (FAM-HP1(16); Table 2, SEQ ID NO: 8) and HP2(16) fluorescently modified with FAM in a TE buffer solution. Added at 10 nM and left at room temperature. Recombinant NF- ⁇ B (Cayman Chemical Co.) was added to the reaction solution at a final concentration of 50 ng/ ⁇ L and allowed to stand.
- a reaction solution containing no NF- ⁇ B was used as a control.
- NF- ⁇ B binding was detected using the gel shift method.
- this reaction solution was subjected to 5% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
- the bands were detected by FAM fluorescence detection using Gel Doc TM EZ Imager (BioRad; excitation wavelength 430 nm to 460 nm).
- the sequences of the hairpin nucleic acids used in Examples 3 and 4 are shown below. As shown in Table 2 below, in FAM-HP1 (16) (SEQ ID NO: 8), the internucleoside bond from the 1st base to the 9th base from the 5' end is a phosphorothioate bond, and the 21st base from the 5' end
- the nucleotide of is the thymidine analogue dT-FAM(3').
- TAMRA-HP2 (16) (SEQ ID NO: 9), the internucleoside bond from the 5' end to the 36th base to the 46th base is a phosphorothioate bond, and the 5' end to the 46th nucleotide is 5-TAMRA is cytidine linked via a C6 amino linker (catalog number: 26-6418, GeneLink).
- Example 4 Evaluation of HCR efficiency in cell lines> (the purpose) We confirmed that HCR occurs in human cells and investigated its efficiency.
- FRET fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- Example 5 Evaluation of cell death promotion efficiency by HCR> (the purpose) We confirmed that HCR promotes cell death in human cells and examined its efficiency.
- Method 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 HEK293T cells and HeLa cells were each seeded in a 24-well multiwell plate, and cultured in 500 ⁇ L of DMEM solution containing 10% FBS and 0.5% penicillin-streptomycin until approximately 90% confluent. .
- the medium was replaced with 400 ⁇ L of DMEM solution containing 9% FBS, 0.45% penicillin-streptomycin and 10% prestoblue (Invitrogen). Cell death was detected by measuring presto blue fluorescence. The relative cell viability was calculated for each cell type as a relative value based on the cell viability in the condition containing no hairpin nucleic acid as 100%. Experiments were performed in quadruplicate.
- Example 6 Evaluation of immune response induction efficiency by HCR> (the purpose) We confirmed that HCR in human cells induces an immune response and examined its efficiency.
- Method Lipofection was performed according to Example 5, except that MCF7 cells were used as cultured cells. Twenty-four hours after lipofection and medium exchange, 5 ⁇ L of medium was collected and IFN- ⁇ was quantified using ELISA (PBL Assay Science). As a negative control (NC), experiments were conducted without the hairpin nucleic acid HP(16), and as a positive control (PC), experiments were conducted with poly(dG:dC) (InvivoGen) instead of HP(16). did The relative IFN- ⁇ amount was calculated as a relative value with the IFN- ⁇ amount in NC being set to 1.
- NF- ⁇ B normally protects cancer cells from immune responses. This suggests that the hairpin nucleic acid HP(16) inhibits the function of NF- ⁇ B by trapping NF- ⁇ B and induces nucleic acid immunity. shown to induce death.
- Example 7 Evaluation of HCR efficiency for each cell type> (the purpose) The relationship between cell type and the efficiency at which HCR occurs was investigated.
- HEK293T cells 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 HEK293T cells, HeLa cells, MDA-MB-231 cells and A549 cells were each seeded in 24-well multiwell plates in 500 ⁇ L of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% FBS and 0.5% penicillin-streptomycin. (DMEM) solution. After 24 hours of culture, the medium was changed to Opti-MEM (Invitrogen).
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% FBS and 0.5% penicillin-streptomycin.
- a hairpin nucleic acid was introduced into each cell using Lipofectamine LTX (Invitrogen) in an amount of 0.5 ⁇ g per well.
- hairpin nucleic acids for introduction HP1(16) fluorescently modified with Cy5 (Cy5-HP1(16); Table 3, SEQ ID NO: 10) and HP2(16) fluorescently modified with FAM (FAM-HP2(16); Table 3, SEQ ID NO: 11) set (HP(16)) or a set of hairpin nucleic acids with scrambled sequences (scrambled hairpin nucleic acids) were used.
- FRET reaction that occurs when HCR occurs and FAM and Cy5 are in close proximity. Observation was performed by observing the cells with a confocal microscope.
- the FRET efficiency indicates the FRET signal intensity when HP(16) is introduced with respect to the FRET signal intensity when the scrambled hairpin nucleic acid is introduced.
- the FRET signal intensity under each condition was calculated as the ratio of the Cy5 fluorescence intensity to the FAM fluorescence intensity observed when excited at 488 nm. Experiments were performed in quadruplicate. Statistical significance was determined by unpaired t-test.
- the sequence of the hairpin nucleic acid used in Example 7 is shown below.
- Cy5-HP1 (16) SEQ ID NO: 10
- the internucleoside bond from the 1st base to the 9th base from the 5' end is a phosphorothioate bond
- the 46th base from the 5' end is a thymidine to which Cy5 is attached via a C6 amino linker similar to that used in Example 4.
- FAM-HP2 (16) SEQ ID NO: 11
- the internucleoside bond from the 36th base to the 46th base from the 5' end is a phosphorothioate bond
- the 21st nucleotide from the 5' end is a thymidine analogue.
- dT-FAM 3'
- the HP(16) designed this time induces HCR selectively in cells expressing miR-21, and if the cells express miR-21, it induces HCR regardless of the type of cancer. found to induce.
- Example 8 Evaluation of cell death promotion efficiency for each cell type> (the purpose) We investigated the effect of cell type on the efficiency of HCR to promote cell death.
- Method 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 A549 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells and B16 cells were each seeded in a 24-well multiwell plate and incubated with 500 ⁇ L of DMEM solution containing 10% FBS and 0.5% penicillin-streptomycin. Cultured until % confluent. After that, the medium was changed to OPTI-MEM. An amount of 0.5 ⁇ g HP(16) per well was introduced into each cell using Lipofectamine LTX (Invitrogen).
- the relative cell viability was calculated for each cell type as a relative value based on the cell viability in the condition containing no hairpin nucleic acid as 100%. Experiments were performed in quadruplicate. Statistical significance was determined by unpaired t-test.
- STING siRNA human TMEM173 siRNA, catalog number: AM16708; Silencer select siRNA, Thermo Fisher Scientific
- STING siRNA human TMEM173 siRNA, catalog number: AM16708; Silencer select siRNA, Thermo Fisher Scientific
- HP(16) increased cell viability compared to transfection with poly(dA:dT), which is known to have strong immunostimulatory activity. decreased (Fig. 12). This suggests that HP(16) can induce cell death more efficiently than poly(dA:dT).
- HP(16) induces cell death via the cGAS-STING pathway. This is consistent with the fact that HP(16) did not induce cell death in A549 cells, which are known not to express the STING protein (Fig. 11).
- the following primers were used as primers for IFN- ⁇ mRNA: Forward primer: 5'-ACAGGTTACCTCCGAAACTGAAGA-3' (SEQ ID NO: 12) Reverse primer: 5'-TTAGCCATCAGTCACTTAAACAGCA-3' (SEQ ID NO: 13)
- the relative IFN- ⁇ mRNA level was calculated as the relative value of the normalized IFN- ⁇ mRNA level under each condition, with the standardized IFN- ⁇ mRNA level in the control group normalized by the GAPDH mRNA level being set to 1. Statistical significance was determined by unpaired t-test.
- Example 11 Evaluation of cell death induction efficiency for cancer cells in vivo> (the purpose) We investigated the efficiency of cell death induction by HCR against cancer cells in vivo.
- mice were loaded with cancer cells. 1.5 ⁇ 10 5 B16 cells suspended in 100 ⁇ L of PBS were administered to 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice by subcutaneous injection. After that, mice whose tumor volume reached 100 mm 3 were subjected to drug administration experiments.
- Medication was administered around the tumor three times every four days.
- 8.4 ⁇ g of HP(16) or poly(dA:dT) was administered using AteloGene Local Use Quick Gelation (KOKEN).
- PBS was administered as a control group.
- the tumor volume and body weight were measured 0 days, 4 days, 6 days, 8 days, 9 days, 12 days and 15 days after the start of administration.
- Tumor volume (longer axis of tumor) x (shorter axis of tumor) 2 /2
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Abstract
Description
前記ヘアピン核酸は、
標的RNA結合カセット及び伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットを含む開始ヘアピン核酸、及び
突出領域カセット及び非突出領域カセットを含む伸長ヘアピン核酸からなり、
各ヘアピン核酸は、4~20塩基の突出領域、10~20塩基を含むステム第1領域、3~50塩基のループ領域及び10~20塩基を含むステム第2領域を順に含み、
前記ステム第1領域及び前記ステム第2領域は分子内で互いにハイブリダイズ可能であり、
前記開始ヘアピン核酸において、
前記標的RNA結合カセットは、前記突出領域の全部又は一部、及びそれに続く前記ステム第1領域の全部又は一部を含み、かつ、標的RNAの全部又は一部とハイブリダイズ可能であり、
前記伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットは、前記ステム第2領域の全部又は一部を含み、かつ、伸長ヘアピン核酸の突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能であり、
前記伸長ヘアピン核酸において、
前記突出領域カセットは、前記突出領域の全部又は一部、及びそれに続く前記ステム第1領域の全部又は一部を含み、かつ、他の互いに異なる伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能であり、
前記非突出領域カセットは、前記ステム第2領域の全部又は一部を含み、かつ、他の互いに異なる伸長ヘアピン核酸の突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能であり、
前記ループ領域及び/又は突出領域は前記タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部を含み、
前記開始ヘアピン核酸の前記標的RNA結合カセットへの標的RNAの結合により、前記タンパク質結合モチーフの全部が二本鎖で構成される、
前記組成物。
[2]前記開始ヘアピン核酸が、6~15塩基の突出領域を含む、[1]に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[3]前記開始ヘアピン核酸が、標的RNAと6塩基以上でハイブリダイズ可能である、[1]又は[2]に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[4]前記伸長ヘアピン核酸が、互いに異なる伸長ヘアピン核酸と6塩基以上でハイブリダイズ可能である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[5]前記開始ヘアピン核酸において、ヘアピン構造形成反応の自由エネルギー変化量が-20~-10 kcal/molである、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[6]前記ハイブリダイズ可能な領域が以下の塩基配列からなる、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
(1)前記ハイブリダイズする対象配列と完全に相補的な塩基配列
(2)(1)に対して1個又は複数個の塩基が欠失、置換又は付加された塩基配列
(3)前記ハイブリダイズする対象配列と高ストリンジェントな条件でハイブリダイズする塩基配列
[7]前記ヘアピン核酸が、DNA及び/又はRNAヌクレオチドで構成される、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[8]前記ヌクレオチドが修飾ヌクレオチドを含む、[7]に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[9]前記タンパク質結合モチーフを複数種類含む、[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[10]前記タンパク質結合モチーフが転写因子結合モチーフを含む、[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[11]前記タンパク質結合モチーフに結合可能なタンパク質が、アポトーシス関連因子、オートファジー関連因子又は炎症関連因子を含む、[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[12]前記標的RNAが、mRNA又はmiRNAである、[1]~[11]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[13]前記標的RNAが、細胞特異的に発現するRNAである、[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[14]前記細胞が、がん細胞、炎症細胞又は免疫細胞のいずれかを含む、[13]に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[15]前記標的RNA結合カセットが、前記伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能である、[1]~[14]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[16]前記伸長ヘアピン核酸が、5'末端突出型及び3'末端突出型のヘアピン核酸を含む、[1]~[15]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物。
[17][1]~[16]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物を有効成分として含む、タンパク質機能阻害組成物。
[18][1]~[16]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物を有効成分として含む、細胞死促進組成物。
[19][1]~[16]のいずれかに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物を有効成分として含む、医薬組成物。
[20]がん、免疫系疾患、及び神経変性疾患からなる群から選択される疾患を治療するための、[19]に記載の医薬組成物。
(2)前記開始ヘアピン核酸は、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする標的RNA結合カセット、及び前記伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットを含み、前記伸長ヘアピン核酸は、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする突出領域カセット、及びさらに他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする非突出領域カセットを含む、(1)に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(3)前記標的RNAが前記標的RNA結合カセットに結合することで前記開始ヘアピン核酸のヘアピン構造が解離して前記伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットと前記伸長ヘアピン核酸の前記突出領域カセットがハイブリダイズ可能となり、また当該ハイブリダイズすることで前記伸長ヘアピン核酸のヘアピン構造が解離し、前記非突出領域カセットと他の伸長ヘアピン核酸の前記突出領域カセットがハイブリダイズ可能となることによって前記ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を有する直鎖状二本鎖核酸が形成される(1)又は(2)に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(4)前記伸長ヘアピン核酸が、5'末端突出型及び3'末端突出型のヘアピン核酸を含む、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(5)前記標的RNA結合カセットが、前記伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットとさらにハイブリダイズ可能である、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(6)前記開始ヘアピン核酸及び/又は伸長ヘアピン核酸が、タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部をさらに含む、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(7)前記ループ領域及び/又は前記突出領域が、前記タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部を含み、前記ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造の形成時に前記タンパク質結合モチーフの全部が二本鎖で構成される、(6)に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(8)前記開始ヘアピン核酸において、ヘアピン構造形成反応の自由エネルギー変化量が-20~-10 kcal/molである、(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(9)前記ヘアピン核酸が、DNA及び/又はRNAヌクレオチドで構成される、(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(10)前記ヌクレオチドが修飾ヌクレオチドを含む、(9)に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(11)前記標的RNAが、mRNA又はmiRNAである、(1)~(10)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(12)前記標的RNAが、細胞特異的に発現する又は細胞特異的に高発現するRNAである、(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
(13)(1)~(12)のいずれかに記載の細胞死誘導組成物を有効成分として含む、医薬組成物。
(14)がん、免疫系疾患、及び神経変性疾患からなる群から選択される疾患を治療するための、(13)に記載の医薬組成物。
(15)ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有するヘアピン核酸を含む抗癌剤であって、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする開始ヘアピン核酸、及び、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸を含むことを特徴とする抗癌剤。
(16)ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有するヘアピン核酸を含む抗炎症剤であって、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする開始ヘアピン核酸、及び、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸を含むことを特徴とする抗炎症剤。
(17)ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有する、開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸を含む組成物であって、前記開始ヘアピン核酸は、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする標的RNA結合カセット、及び前記伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットを含み、前記伸長ヘアピン核酸は、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする突出領域カセット、及びさらに他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする非突出領域カセットを含み、前記開始ヘアピン核酸及び/又は伸長ヘアピン核酸が、タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部をさらに含む、組成物。
本明細書は本願の優先権の基礎となる日本国特許出願番号2021-128492号の開示内容を包含する。
1A-1.概要
本発明の第1の態様Aは、ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能な2種以上のヘアピン核酸を包含するヘアピン核酸組成物である。本発明のヘアピン核酸組成物は、開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸を必須の構成として含み、標的RNAに開始ヘアピン核酸がハイブリダイズした際に、HCRにより標的RNA、開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸の複合体が連鎖的に形成される。本発明のヘアピン核酸組成物は、核酸結合タンパク質を捕捉して核酸免疫を誘導することができ、また本発明のタンパク質機能阻害組成物、細胞死促進組成物及び医薬組成物の有効成分となり得る。
本明細書で頻用する用語について、以下で定義する。
本明細書において「ヘアピン核酸」とは、ヘアピン構造を形成し得る一本鎖核酸を指す。本明細書における「ヘアピン構造」は、一本鎖核酸により形成される、ステム構造、ループ構造及び突出領域を1組含む核酸の二次構造を指す。図1A及びBにヘアピン核酸の模式図を示す。本明細書におけるヘアピン核酸は、突出領域(a)、ステム第1領域(b)、ループ領域(c)及びステム第2領域(b’)を順に含む。
本明細書において特定の遺伝子が「高発現している」とは、正常な細胞における発現量と比較して、顕著に、又は有意に発現量が増加していることを指す。
本発明のヘアピン核酸組成物はハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能な2種以上のヘアピン核酸を含み、ヘアピン核酸は任意の構成としてタンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部を含む。
「開始ヘアピン核酸(図1A)」とは、標的RNA結合カセット及び伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットを含むヘアピン核酸である(図1C)。
「伸長ヘアピン核酸(図1B)」とは、突出領域カセット及び非突出領域カセットを含むヘアピン核酸である(図1C)。
標的RNA(図9の「Target」)が開始ヘアピン核酸(図9の「sHP」)の標的RNA結合カセットに結合することで開始ヘアピン核酸のヘアピン構造(特にステム構造)が解離する(図9Aのステップ1及びステップ2)。すると、開始ヘアピン核酸の伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットと伸長ヘアピン核酸(図9の「eHP1」)の突出領域カセットがハイブリダイズ可能となる(図9Aのステップ2)。この2つのカセットがハイブリダイズすることで、伸長ヘアピン核酸のヘアピン構造(特にステム構造)が解離する(図9Aのステップ2及びステップ3)。すると、ステップ2と同様に、この伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットと他の伸長ヘアピン核酸(図9の「eHP2」)の突出領域カセットがハイブリダイズ可能となる(図9Aのステップ3)。この反応が連鎖することによってハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を有する直鎖状二本鎖核酸が形成される(図9B)。
ヘアピン核酸を構成する各カセットの長さは特に限定しない。例えば、4塩基以上、5塩基以上、6塩基以上、7塩基以上、8塩基以上、9塩基以上、10塩基以上、11塩基以上、12塩基以上、13塩基以上、14塩基以上、15塩基以上、16塩基以上、17塩基以上、18塩基以上、19塩基以上、20塩基以上、21塩基以上又は22塩基以上である。また、各カセットは、例えば、55塩基以下、50塩基以下、40塩基以下、30塩基以下、25塩基以下、24塩基以下、又は23塩基以下である。
上述の通り、開始ヘアピン核酸の標的RNA結合カセット及び伸長ヘアピン核酸の突出領域カセットは、好ましくは、突出領域の全部又は一部、及びそれに続くステム第1領域の全部又は一部を含む。例えば、これらのカセットは、突出領域、ステム第1領域及びループ領域の全部、及びステム第2領域の一部を含む連続した領域であってもよいし、突出領域の一部及びステム第1領域の一部を含む連続した領域であってもよい。例えば、突出領域の、標的RNA又は他の互いに異なる伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能な配列は、4塩基以上、5塩基以上、6塩基以上、7塩基以上又は8塩基以上である。また、例えば、ステム第1領域の、標的RNA又は他の互いに異なる伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能な配列は、2塩基以上、3塩基以上、4塩基以上、5塩基以上、6塩基以上、7塩基以上、8塩基以上、9塩基以上、10塩基以上、11塩基以上、12塩基以上、13塩基以上、14塩基以上、15塩基以上又は16塩基以上である。
上述の通り、開始ヘアピン核酸の伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセット及び伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットは、好ましくは、ステム第2領域の全部又は一部を含む。例えば、これらのカセットは、ステム第1領域の一部、ループ領域の全部及びステム第2領域の全部を含む連続した領域であってもよいし、ステム第2領域の一部のみを含む連続した領域であってもよい。また、ヘアピン核酸がステム第2領域に隣接する突出末端を有する場合、その突出末端の全部又は一部を含んでもよい。具体的には、例えば、ステム第2領域の、伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセット又は他の互いに異なる伸長ヘアピン核酸の突出領域カセットとハイブリダイズ可能な配列は、4塩基以上、5塩基以上、6塩基以上、7塩基以上、8塩基以上、9塩基以上、10塩基以上、11塩基以上、12塩基以上、13塩基以上、14塩基以上、15塩基以上又は16塩基以上である。
本発明のヘアピン核酸は、標的RNAの存在下でハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を有する直鎖状二本鎖核酸を形成する。ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造は、核酸免疫を誘導することができる。
任意の構成として、ループ領域及び/又は突出領域はタンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部を含む。また、この場合、開始ヘアピン核酸の標的RNA結合カセットへの標的RNAの結合により、タンパク質結合モチーフの全部が二本鎖で構成される。ヘアピン核酸の状態においては、タンパク質結合モチーフはその全部又は一部が一本鎖の状態であり、HCRが起こることでその全体が二本鎖となる。例えば、1分子の中に1つ又は複数の配列モチーフの全部又は一部を含んでもよく、1分子の中に完全な配列モチーフを含まなくてもよい。複数のモチーフを含む場合、その種類は特に限定しない。例えば、複数の配列モチーフが全て同じ配列モチーフであっても、複数種類の配列モチーフを含んでいてもよい。二本鎖核酸に結合可能なタンパク質及びその結合モチーフは、公知の方法によって知ることができる。例えば、Transfac、WordSpy、T-Reg Comparator、MOTIF、TFBIND、TFSEACH及びJASPAR等の公知のデータベースを使用することができる。また、例えば、タンパク質結合モチーフは、DNAフットプリンティング、ゲル移動度シフトアッセイ又はその他公知の方法によって同定することができ、及び/又は公知のコンセンサス配列モチーフに基づいて予測することができる。
本発明のヘアピン核酸組成物を構成する各ヘアピン核酸は、DNA及び/又はRNAヌクレオチドで構成され得る。また、各ヘアピン核酸は、構成するヌクレオチドとして修飾ヌクレオチドを含むことができる。含まれる修飾ヌクレオチドの種類、数及び位置等は特に限定しない。具体的には、例えば、ヌクレオチド間結合の修飾、DNA及びRNAに類似の性質及び/又は構造を有する類似体、及びペプチド核酸等が含まれる。修飾の選択は、標的RNAの配列等によって異なり得るが、当業者であれば、核酸医薬に関連する文献(例えば、WO 2007/143315等)の説明等を参照することによって好適な実施形態を決定することができる。また、修飾の目的は特に限定しない。例えば、ヘアピン核酸及びHCR産物の、安定化、検出及び薬理機能の発揮のために修飾を行うことができる。
(1)ハイブリダイズする対象配列と完全に相補的な塩基配列
(2)(1)に対して1個又は複数個の塩基が欠失、置換又は付加された塩基配列
(3)前記ハイブリダイズする対象配列と高ストリンジェントな条件でハイブリダイズする塩基配列。
本発明のヘアピン核酸組成物は、標的RNAの存在下でHCRを誘導し、形成されたハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を介して、又はさらに、HCR産物上に二本鎖の状態で存在するタンパク質結合モチーフを介して、特定のタンパク質と結合することができる。HCR産物は、例えば、100bp~1000bp程度のサイズの重合体となり、そこにパターン認識受容体等のタンパク質が、そのハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造の長さや構造に応じて結合する。また、タンパク質結合モチーフを含む場合、さらにそこに特定のタンパク質がタンパク質結合モチーフの数に応じて多数結合する。これにより、例えば、凝集体が形成され、液-液相分離が誘導されることで、細胞へのストレスとなることができる。ここで、液-液相分離とは、生物学的相分離とも呼ばれ、均一に混ざりあった混合系が条件の変化によって、一相の液体状態から二相の区別できる液体状態に変化することをいう。
1B-1.概要
本発明の第1の態様Bは細胞死誘導組成物である。本発明の細胞死誘導組成物は、ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有する、開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸を有効成分として含む。標的RNAに開始ヘアピン核酸がハイブリダイズした際に、HCRにより標的RNA、開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸の複合体が連鎖的に形成される。本発明の細胞死誘導組成物は、核酸結合タンパク質を捕捉して核酸免疫を誘導することができ、また本発明の細胞死促進組成物、医薬組成物、抗がん剤、抗炎症剤及び核酸免疫誘導組成物の有効成分となり得る。
本態様の細胞死誘導組成物の構成成分について説明する。本発明の細胞死誘導組成物は、必須の構成成分として開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸を含み、任意選択可能な構成成分として担体を含む。以下、各構成成分について具体的に説明をする。
2-1.概要
本発明の第2の態様は医薬組成物である。本発明の医薬組成物は、第1態様に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物及び/又は細胞死誘導組成物を有効成分として含み、標的RNAを含む目的の部位においてHCRを誘導する。本発明の医薬組成物を使用することで、目的の部位において、HCRに基づく所望の効果を得ることができる。
本態様の医薬組成物の構成成分について説明する。本発明の医薬組成物は、必須の構成成分として有効成分を含み、任意選択可能な構成成分として担体を含む。以下、各構成成分について具体的に説明をする。
本発明の医薬組成物は、必須の有効成分として第1態様に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物及び/又は細胞死誘導組成物を有効量含む。ヘアピン核酸組成物及び細胞死誘導組成物の構成については第1態様で詳述していることから、ここでの具体的な説明は省略する。本医薬組成物によって達成する所望の効果に応じて、他に1以上の有効成分を含むことができる。
本発明の医薬組成物は、薬学的に許容可能な担体を含むことができる。「薬学的に許容可能な担体」とは、製剤技術分野において通常使用する添加剤をいう。例えば、溶媒、基剤、乳化剤、懸濁化剤、界面活性剤、pH調整剤、安定化剤、香料、賦形剤、ビヒクル、防腐剤、結合剤、希釈剤、等張化剤、鎮静剤、緩衝剤、コーティング剤、滑沢剤、着色剤、増粘剤、溶解助剤、及び他の添加剤が挙げられる。
本発明の医薬組成物の剤形は、有効成分である第1態様に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物及び/又は細胞死誘導組成物を分解等により不活化させることなく、標的部位まで送達し、生体内でその有効成分の薬理効果を発揮し得る形態であれば特に限定しない。
本明細書において、本発明の医薬組成物の好ましい投与形態には特定の限定はない。例えば、経口投与又は非経口投与であればよい。通常は非経口投与で使用される。
本発明の医薬組成物の適用対象となる疾患は、特に限定しない。例えば、神経疾患、中枢神経系疾患、代謝性疾患、腫瘍(例えば、悪性腫瘍(がん))、感染症、免疫系疾患(例えば、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー疾患、及び炎症性疾患)、及び異常タンパク質蓄積症といった特定のタンパク質の異常な発現や異常な細胞の存在を伴う疾患を対象とすることができる。本発明の医薬組成物は、例えば、がん、自己免疫疾患、炎症性疾患、及び異常タンパク質蓄積症からなる群から選択される疾患の治療を目的とすることができる。
また例えば、炎症性疾患を適用疾患とする場合、本態様の医薬組成物と同様の構成により、本発明のヘアピン核酸組成物及び/又は細胞死誘導組成物を有効成分として含む抗炎症剤とすることができる。
本発明の抗炎症剤は任意で他の抗炎症剤を追加で含むことができる。
3-1.概要
本発明の第3の態様はタンパク質機能阻害組成物である。本発明のタンパク質機能阻害組成物は、第1態様Aに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物を有効成分として含み、標的RNAを含む目的の部位においてHCRを誘導する。本発明のタンパク質機能阻害組成物を使用することで、例えば、目的の細胞において、HCRに基づきタンパク質の機能を阻害することができる。
本態様のタンパク質機能阻害組成物の構成成分について説明する。本発明のタンパク質機能阻害組成物は、必須の構成成分として有効成分を含み、任意選択可能な構成成分として担体を含む。以下、各構成成分について具体的に説明をする。
4-1.概要
本発明の第4の態様は細胞死促進組成物である。本発明の細胞死促進組成物は、第1態様Aに記載のヘアピン核酸組成物を有効成分として含み、標的RNAを含む目的の細胞においてHCRを誘導する。本発明の細胞死促進組成物を使用することで、目的の細胞において、HCRに基づき細胞死を促進することができる。
本態様の細胞死促進組成物の構成成分について説明する。本発明の細胞死促進組成物は、必須の構成成分として有効成分を含み、任意選択可能な構成成分として担体を含む。以下、各構成成分について具体的に説明をする。
5-1.概要
本発明の第5の態様は核酸免疫誘導組成物である。本発明の核酸免疫誘導組成物は、第1態様に記載のヘアピン核酸組成物及び/又は細胞死誘導組成物を有効成分として含み、標的RNAを含む目的の部位においてHCRを誘導する。本発明の核酸免疫誘導組成物を使用することで、例えば、目的の細胞において、HCRに基づき核酸免疫を誘導することができる。
本態様の核酸免疫誘導組成物の構成成分について説明する。本発明の核酸免疫誘導組成物は、必須の構成成分として有効成分であるヘアピン核酸組成物及び/又は細胞死誘導組成物を含み、任意選択可能な構成成分として担体を含む。以下、各構成成分について具体的に説明をする。
(目的)
無細胞系の実験系において、ヘアピン核酸の構造とHCR効率との関係を調べる。
(方法)
1.ヘアピン核酸の設計
miR-21(配列番号1)を標的RNAとした3種類のヘアピン核酸セットをオンラインソフトウェアNUPACK(http://www.nupack.org/)を用いて設計した。各ヘアピン核酸の配列及びそのヘアピン構造形成反応の自由エネルギー変化量を表1に示す。
設計した各ヘアピン核酸は核酸自動合成機を用いて化学合成した。
各ヘアピン核酸セットについて、HP1及び第2のヘアピン核酸(HP2)をそれぞれ1μMの濃度で含むTE緩衝溶液にmiR-21を終濃度0.1μMで添加し、その混合液を室温で静置した。コントロールとしては、miR-21を添加しない混合液を用いた。静置後に反応溶液を1%アガロースゲル電気泳動によって分析した。ゲルの染色にはSYBRTM Gold(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)を用いた。
結果を図3に示す。
評価した3種類のヘアピン核酸セットのいずれにおいても、HCRが誘導された。いずれも、miR-21を添加しなかった場合は単量体のヘアピン核酸分子が多く存在し、miR-21の添加によって、単量体は顕著に減少した。特に、HP1の自由エネルギー変化量が-16.4 kcal/mol及び-15.3 kcal/molのヘアピン核酸セットでは、miR-21を添加しなかった場合にHCR産物がほとんど観察されず、標的RNAであるmiR-21依存的に反応が進行することがわかった。
以下の実験では、最もHCR効率が高かったHP(16)のヘアピン核酸セットを使用した。
(目的)
ヘアピン核酸の突出領域の長さとヌクレアーゼ耐性の関係を調べた。
(方法)
10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS;Biowest社)及び0.5%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン(ナカライテスク社)を含有するDMEM溶液(Gibco社)にHP1(16)又はHP2(16)を0.5μMの終濃度で添加し、37℃で静置した。使用したHP1(16)及びHP2(16)の突出領域のヌクレオチド間結合にはホスホロチオエート修飾を施した。一定時間ごとに反応液の一部(20μL)を採取し、ホルムアミド(10μL)を添加して反応を停止した。その後、5%ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動によって分析した。ゲルの染色にはSYBRTMGold(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)を用いた。
結果を図4に示す。
いずれのヘアピン核酸も、ヌクレアーゼを多量に含むFBS中であっても、数時間程度であれば十分量残存していることが明らかとなった。さらに、1日経過後ではいずれのヘアピン核酸もそのほとんどがヌクレアーゼ分解を受けていることから、未反応のヘアピン核酸は、ヌクレアーゼにより分解され適切に排除されることが示された。また、HP1(16)及びHP2(16)はそれぞれ8塩基及び10塩基の突出領域を有するが、両者のヌクレアーゼ耐性には大きな違いが見られなかったことから、突出領域の長さによってヌクレアーゼ活性は大きくは左右されないことがわかった。
(目的)
HCR産物上のタンパク質結合モチーフのタンパク質の捕捉効率を調べた。
(方法)
HP1(16)及びHP2(16)はそれぞれNF-κBの認識配列を有している。そこで、FAMにより蛍光修飾したHP1(16)(FAM-HP1(16);表2、配列番号8)及びHP2(16)をそれぞれ0.1μMの濃度で含むTE緩衝溶液に、miR-21を終濃度10nMで添加し、室温で静置した。反応溶液にレコンビナントNF-κB(Cayman Chemical社)を終濃度50ng/μLで添加し、静置した。コントロールとして、NF-κBを添加しない反応溶液を使用した。NF-κBの結合の検出は、ゲルシフト法を用いて行った。まず、この反応溶液を5%ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動に供した。バンドの検出はGel DocTM EZ Imager(BioRad社;励起波長 430nm~460nm)を用いたFAMの蛍光の検出により行った。
結果を図5に示す。
NF-κBを添加しなかった場合において、正常にHCR産物が起こったことがわかった。HCR産物としては、様々な長さの核酸鎖が検出された(図5矢尻)。NF-κBを添加した場合、HCR産物のみのバンドはほとんど検出されず、移動度が非常に低いバンドが観察された。このことから、HCR産物の長さに関係なく、HCR産物とNF-κBの複合体(NF-κB/HCR産物)が高効率に形成されることがわかった。
(目的)
ヒト細胞中でHCRが起こることを確認し、その効率を調べた。
(方法)
3.0×104個のHEK293T細胞及びHeLa細胞をそれぞれ3.5cmのガラスボトムディッシュに播種し、200μLの10%FBS及び0.5%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するDMEM溶液中で約90%コンフルエントになるまで培養した。FAM-HP1(16)及びTAMRAにより蛍光修飾したHP2(16)(TAMRA-HP2(16);表2、配列番号9)をそれぞれ0.1μg/μLの濃度で含むTE緩衝溶液をFemtotips(Eppendorf)によってHEK293T細胞及びHeLa細胞それぞれにマイクロインジェクションした。HCRが起きFAMとTAMRAが近接した場合に起こる蛍光共鳴エネルギー移動(FRET)反応を、細胞を共焦点顕微鏡によって観察することにより検出した。FRET効率は、488nmで励起した際の521nm及び575nmの蛍光強度の比で算出した。反応開始時のFRET効率を1とした、各時点のFRET効率の相対値を相対FRET効率として算出した。実験は、4回反復で行った。
結果を図6に示す。
miR-21をほとんど発現しないヒト胚性腎臓HEK293T細胞ではFRET効率の変化は見られなかった(図6白丸グラフ)。一方、miR-21を発現するヒト子宮頸がんHeLa細胞にヘアピン核酸を導入した結果、時間経過に伴いFRETシグナルの増大が観察された(図6黒丸グラフ)。以上の結果から、今回設計したHP(16)が、miR-21を発現する細胞選択的にHCRを誘導することが分かった。また、HCRは、細胞にヘアピン核酸が導入されると同時に開始し、90分前後で完了することがわかった。
(目的)
ヒト細胞中でのHCRにより細胞死が促進されることを確認し、その効率を調べた。
(方法)
1.0×105個のHEK293T細胞及びHeLa細胞を、それぞれ24wellのマルチウェルプレートに播種し、500μLの10%FBS及び0.5%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するDMEM溶液中で約90%コンフルエントになるまで培養した。HP1(16)及びHP2(16)を0μg/μL、0.5μg/μL及び1μg/μLの濃度で含む、50μLのOPTI-MEM(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)、1μLのLipofectamine Plus Reagent(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)の混合溶液に、Lipofectamine LTX(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)及び50μLのOPTI-MEMを添加し、室温で静置した。その後、反応溶液をディッシュに添加した。さらにその後、500μLの10%FBS及び0.5%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するDMEM溶液に培地交換した。24時間後、培地を400μLの9%FBS、0.45%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン及び10%プレストブルー(Invitrogen社)を含有するDMEM溶液に培地交換した。細胞死の検出は、プレストブルーの蛍光を測定することで行った。相対細胞生存率は、ヘアピン核酸を含まない条件の細胞生存率を100%とした相対値として、細胞種ごとに算出した。実験は、4回反復で行った。
結果を図7に示す。
miR-21をほとんど発現しないHEK293T細胞では、ヘアピン核酸の濃度を高くしても細胞生存率の有意な低下は見られなかった(図7白棒グラフ)。一方、miR-21を発現するHeLa細胞ではヘアピン核酸の導入により細胞生存率が顕著に減少し、導入されたヘアピン核酸量に依存して細胞死が誘導されることがわかった(図7黒棒グラフ)。このことから、ヘアピン核酸の導入によって、標的RNAが存在する細胞特異的にHCRを介して細胞死を促進できることがわかった。また、蛍光顕微鏡での観察によって、ヘアピン核酸の導入により、凝集体が形成され、液-液相分離が誘導されていることがわかった。
(目的)
ヒト細胞中でのHCRにより免疫応答が誘導されることを確認し、その効率を調べた。
(方法)
リポフェクションは、培養細胞としてMCF7細胞を使用したことを除いて実施例5に準じて行った。リポフェクション後の培地交換の24時間後、5μLの培地を採取し、IFN-βをELIZA(PBL Assay Science社)を用いて定量した。ネガティブコントロール(NC)としてヘアピン核酸HP(16)を含まない条件で実験を行い、ポジティブコントロール(PC)としてpoly(dG:dC)(InvivoGen社)をHP(16)の代わりに用いた条件で実験を行った。相対IFN-β量は、NCのIFN-β量を1とした相対値として算出した。
結果を図8に示す。
強い免疫活性化能をもつことが分かっているpoly(dG:dC)をmiR-21を発現するヒト乳がんMCF7細胞に導入したPCにおいては、NCと比較して2倍程度のINF-βが産生された。また、同細胞にHP(16)を導入した場合、PCと同程度の高いレベルのINF-βが見られた。このことから、HCR産物が核酸免疫を誘導していることがわかった。
(目的)
細胞の種類とHCRが起こる効率の関係を調べた。
細胞へのHP(16)の導入とHCR効率の評価は、使用する細胞以外は実施例4と同様の手順で行った。HP(16)を導入する細胞としては、ヒト胚性腎臓HEK293T細胞、ヒト子宮頸がんHeLa細胞の他に、ヒト乳がんMDA-MB-231細胞及びヒト肺胞基底上皮腺がんA549細胞を用いた。実施例4と同様に、相対FRET効率は、488nmで励起した際の521nm及び575nmの蛍光強度の比で算出した。
実験は、4回反復で行った。
統計的有意性は、対応のないt検定により判定した。
結果を図10に示す。
(目的)
細胞の種類がHCRの細胞死を促進する効率に与える影響を調べた。
5.0×104個のA549細胞、MDA-MB-231細胞及びB16細胞を、それぞれ24wellのマルチウェルプレートに播種し、500μLの10%FBS及び0.5%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するDMEM溶液中で約80%コンフルエントになるまで培養した。その後、OPTI-MEMに培地交換した。
ウェル当たり0.5μgの量のHP(16)をLipofectamine LTX(Invitrogen)を用いて各細胞に導入した。
実験は、4回反復で行った。
統計的有意性は、対応のないt検定により判定した。
結果を図11に示す。
MDA-MB-231細胞及びマウス悪性黒色腫B16細胞では、HP(16)の導入により細胞生存率が顕著に減少した(図11)。一方、A549細胞ではHP(16)の導入による細胞生存率の減少はあまり見られなかった。
(目的)
cGAS-STING経路がHCRの細胞死を促進する効率に与える影響を調べた。
5.0×105個のHeLa細胞を、6wellのマルチウェルプレートに播種し、500μLの10%FBS及び0.5%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシンを含有するDMEM溶液中で約80%コンフルエントになるまで培養した。その後、OPTI-MEMに培地交換した。
24時間後、培地を標準増殖溶液に培地交換した。さらに24時間の培養の後、24wellのマルチウェルプレートに播種し、細胞死の検出を行った。細胞死の検出は、基本的には実施例8と同様に行った。ただ、細胞として、STING siRNAを導入された又はされていないHeLa細胞を使用した。また、導入する核酸としてHP(16)又はpoly(dA:dT)(Invitrogen)を使用した。
実験は、4回反復で行った。
統計的有意性は、対応のないt検定により判定した。
結果を図12に示す。
(目的)
ヒト細胞中でのHCRによる免疫応答の誘導効率を調べた。
細胞培養とリポフェクションは、導入する核酸としてHP(16)を用いたことを除いて、実施例9に準じて行った。リポフェクション後の培地交換の18時間後、細胞を懸濁し、Nucleo Spin RNA XS(Macherey-Nagel)を用いてRNAを抽出した。抽出したRNAを、One Step TB Green PrimeScript PLUS RT-PCR Kit(TaKaRa Bio)及びRotor-Gene 3000(QIAGEN)を用いたqRT-PCRにより解析した。IFN-βのmRNA用のプライマーとして以下のプライマーを用いた:
フォワードプライマー:5'-ACAGGTTACCTCCGAAACTGAAGA-3'(配列番号12)
リバースプライマー:5'-TTAGCCATCAGTCACTTAAACAGCA-3'(配列番号13)
相対IFN-β mRNA量は、GAPDHのmRNA量で標準化した対照群の標準化IFN-β mRNA量を1とした各条件における標準化IFN-β mRNA量の相対値として算出した。
統計的有意性は、対応のないt検定により判定した。
結果を図13に示す。
(目的)
生体内のがん細胞に対するHCRによる細胞死誘導の効率を調べた。
まず、マウスにがん細胞を担持させた。100μLのPBSに懸濁した1.5×105個のB16細胞を皮下注射により6週齢のC57BL/6マウスに投与した。その後、腫瘍体積が100mm3に到達したマウスを投薬実験に供した。
エンドポイントとして、腫瘍体積が2,000mm3以上となった段階でマウスを安楽死させた。 腫瘍体積は以下の式に基づいて算出した:
(腫瘍体積)=(腫瘍の長径)×(腫瘍の短径)2/2
結果を図14に示す。
このことから、HCR産物による腫瘍細胞の細胞死の誘導が生体内においても有効に作用し、がんの治療に有用であることがわかった。
本明細書で引用した全ての刊行物、特許及び特許出願はそのまま引用により本明細書に組み入れられるものとする。
Claims (17)
- ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有するヘアピン核酸を含む細胞死誘導組成物であって、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする開始ヘアピン核酸、及び、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸を含むことを特徴とする細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記開始ヘアピン核酸は、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする標的RNA結合カセット、及び前記伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットを含み、
前記伸長ヘアピン核酸は、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする突出領域カセット、及びさらに他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする非突出領域カセットを含む、請求項1に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。 - 前記標的RNAが前記標的RNA結合カセットに結合することで前記開始ヘアピン核酸のヘアピン構造が解離して前記伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットと前記伸長ヘアピン核酸の前記突出領域カセットがハイブリダイズ可能となり、また当該ハイブリダイズすることで前記伸長ヘアピン核酸のヘアピン構造が解離し、前記非突出領域カセットと他の伸長ヘアピン核酸の前記突出領域カセットがハイブリダイズ可能となることによって前記ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を有する直鎖状二本鎖核酸が形成される請求項1又は2に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記伸長ヘアピン核酸が、5'末端突出型及び3'末端突出型のヘアピン核酸を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記標的RNA結合カセットが、前記伸長ヘアピン核酸の非突出領域カセットとさらにハイブリダイズ可能である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記開始ヘアピン核酸及び/又は伸長ヘアピン核酸が、タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部をさらに含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記ループ領域及び/又は前記突出領域が、前記タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部を含み、
前記ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造の形成時に前記タンパク質結合モチーフの全部が二本鎖で構成される、
請求項6に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。 - 前記開始ヘアピン核酸において、ヘアピン構造形成反応の自由エネルギー変化量が-20~-10 kcal/molである、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記ヘアピン核酸が、DNA及び/又はRNAヌクレオチドで構成される、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記ヌクレオチドが修飾ヌクレオチドを含む、請求項9に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記標的RNAが、mRNA又はmiRNAである、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 前記標的RNAが、細胞特異的に発現する又は細胞特異的に高発現するRNAである、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の細胞死誘導組成物を有効成分として含む、医薬組成物。
- がん、免疫系疾患、及び神経変性疾患からなる群から選択される疾患を治療するための、請求項13に記載の医薬組成物。
- ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有するヘアピン核酸を含む抗癌剤であって、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする開始ヘアピン核酸、及び、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸を含むことを特徴とする抗癌剤。
- ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有するヘアピン核酸を含む抗炎症剤であって、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする開始ヘアピン核酸、及び、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸を含むことを特徴とする抗炎症剤。
- ハイブリダイゼーション連鎖構造を形成可能なヘアピン構造を有する、開始ヘアピン核酸及び伸長ヘアピン核酸を含む組成物であって、
前記開始ヘアピン核酸は、標的RNAとハイブリダイズする標的RNA結合カセット、及び前記伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする伸長ヘアピン核酸結合カセットを含み、
前記伸長ヘアピン核酸は、前記開始ヘアピン核酸又は他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする突出領域カセット、及びさらに他の伸長ヘアピン核酸とハイブリダイズする非突出領域カセットを含み、
前記開始ヘアピン核酸及び/又は伸長ヘアピン核酸が、タンパク質結合モチーフの全部又は一部をさらに含む、組成物。
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| WO2024166539A1 (ja) * | 2023-02-07 | 2024-08-15 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 核酸集合体医薬 |
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