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WO2023002043A1 - Hybridation de renforcement de fibres naturelles pour composites et tissus constitués dudit composite - Google Patents

Hybridation de renforcement de fibres naturelles pour composites et tissus constitués dudit composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023002043A1
WO2023002043A1 PCT/EP2022/070691 EP2022070691W WO2023002043A1 WO 2023002043 A1 WO2023002043 A1 WO 2023002043A1 EP 2022070691 W EP2022070691 W EP 2022070691W WO 2023002043 A1 WO2023002043 A1 WO 2023002043A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tow
natural
roving
fiber
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2022/070691
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lance Johnson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pda Ecolab
Original Assignee
Pda Ecolab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pda Ecolab filed Critical Pda Ecolab
Priority to EP22743845.4A priority Critical patent/EP4373592A1/fr
Publication of WO2023002043A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023002043A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/02—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G19/00—Combing machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/402—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads the adhesive being one component of the yarn, i.e. thermoplastic yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/444—Yarns or threads for use in sports applications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C11/00—Accessories for skiing or snowboarding
    • A63C11/22—Ski-sticks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
    • A63C5/12—Making thereof; Selection of particular materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure aim to at least partially address some or all of the needs in the prior art.
  • the roving or tow further comprises one or more fibers which are formed of a thermoplastic material capable of being melted during a composite curing cycle to form the matrix of the composite.
  • a fiber-reinforced composite comprising a reinforcement element comprising a plurality of the roving or tow as defined in any of the above embodiments and/or the reinforcement tape and/or the braided reinforcement and/or the fabric reinforcement, situated within the matrix.
  • a method of forming a roving or tow for a fiber-reinforced composite comprising: orientating lengthwise one or more natural reinforcement fibers of a first type of material; orientating lengthwise one or more further reinforcement fibers of a second type of material different from the first type; and combining, without twist, or with minimal achievable twist, the natural and further reinforcement fibers into a single roving or tow configured to reinforce a matrix of the fiber-reinforced composite.
  • orientating lengthwise the one or more natural reinforcement fibers comprises orienting lengthwise the natural reinforcement fibers without twist, or with minimal achievable twist to form a first continuous fiber ribbon; orientating lengthwise the one or more further reinforcement fibers comprises orienting lengthwise the natural reinforcement fibers without twist, or with minimal achievable twist to form a second continuous fiber ribbon; and combining the natural and further reinforcement fibers into a single roving or tow comprises combining and drawing the fibers of the first and second ribbons such that the natural and further reinforcement fibers are distributed throughout the roving or tow.
  • a method of forming a fiber-reinforced composite comprising: forming at least one roving or tow according to the method of any of the above embodiments; and reinforcing the matrix of the fiber-reinforced composite by incorporating the at least one roving or tow into the matrix.
  • the natural and further fibers of any previous embodiment are oriented lengthwise, for example without twist, or with minimal achievable twist to the fibers in the roving or tow to form a continuous fiber ribbon.
  • the natural and further fibers of any previous embodiment are distributed throughout the roving or tow, the roving or tow having a weight of not less than lOOg per linear kilometer and not more than 2000g per linear kilometer.
  • the natural fiber of any previous embodiment is a mineral, vegetal-based or animal-based fiber, and wherein the weight percentage of natural fiber in the roving or tow is of at least 50%.
  • the further fiber is a synthetic fiber.
  • Figure 4A illustrates a natural finite-length filament having a first length; a further finite-length filament having a second length; a ribbon formed of the natural finite-length filaments; a ribbon formed of further finite-length filaments; and a roving or tow formed of the natural and further filaments according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 illustrates a unidirectional reinforcement fabric comprised of at least one fiber-reinforcement tow according to Figure 3 or 4A;
  • Figure 6 illustrates a unidirectional stitched fabric comprised of fiber-reinforcement tows utilizing at least one tow according to Figure 3 or 4A;
  • Figure 12 illustrates a 2x1 twill fabric comprising alternating tows of reinforcement fiber situated astride tows according to Figure 3 or 4A;
  • Figure 13 illustrates a plain weave fabric comprising alternating tows of reinforcement fiber situated astride tows according to Figure 3 or 4A.
  • Examples of hybridized fabrics may include a 0/90 woven fabric where every second tow in both axes changes from flax fiber to basalt fiber; a biaxial +45/-45 non-crimp fabric where 5 fiberglass tows are arranged side by side with a carbon fiber tow placed before the 6-tow pattern is repeated, in both axes; or a triaxial 0/+60/-60 where the 0° axis is comprised of carbon fiber tows, and each of the +60/-60 axes are comprised of tows of aramid fibers.
  • the PLF may contribute positively to the overall vibration characteristics of the resulting part; however, the fact that the PLF fibers have both a lower elongation at failure and a lower tensile strength means that they will tend to fail under strain before the carbon fibers and are less able to contribute to the ultimate strength of the formed composite.
  • HM carbon tows will be bearing the majority of the load and a stress riser is likely to occur on a small scale at the point where the tows alternate, which can cause microfractures in the matrix and decrease the fatigue life of the composite.
  • the resulting roving has a weight of not less than 60g per linear kilometer, and preferably not less than lOOg per linear kilometer. Additionally or alternatively, the resulting roving for example has a weight of not more than 3000g per linear kilometer, and preferably not more than 2000g per linear kilometer, and more preferably not more than 1800g per linear kilometer.
  • This hybridized natural fiber roving or tow 300 is for example used in total or in part to form the reinforcement element or a tow of a FRC.
  • the further fibers 301 of the roving may be any synthesized fibers, such as carbon, glass, aramid, etc., or any natural fibers, such as extracted cellulose, ramie, flax, basalt, etc.), or any other reinforcement that is or may become commonly used in the composites industry.
  • at least 50.1 percent of the reinforcement fiber comprising the roving is a natural fiber.
  • the rovings or tows 300, 400 are for example each formed by a pair of ribbons 440, 441, each ribbon for example comprising, in cross section, at least two or more fiber filaments.
  • the rovings may be created having more than two fiber types, in other words fibers of more than two different materials .
  • Tows may be incorporated into a fabric in such a way that at least one tow in at least one axis utilizes the "hybridized natural-fiber roving" construction.
  • Hybridized natural-fiber rovings may be incorporated into a stitched, woven or braided fabric exclusive of other fiber tows, or a tow may be created using Hybridized natural- fiber roving and incorporated into a fabric with non- hybridized reinforcement tows.
  • Rovings, tows and fabrics created from the Hybridized natural-fiber rovings may have resins, resin-based filaments, such as Poly-lactic-acid, polyolefin, or Polyamide, or other additional chemistry added to tailor the performance of the resulting FRC.
  • resins resin-based filaments, such as Poly-lactic-acid, polyolefin, or Polyamide, or other additional chemistry added to tailor the performance of the resulting FRC.
  • one or more further fibers of a second type of material are for example orientated lengthwise to form a second continuous ribbon.
  • the further fibers are orientated lengthwise without twist, or with minimal achievable twist.
  • the sizing agent is one or a combination of: a plant pectin or lignin or starch dissolved into water; modified cellulose in an alcohol solution or other solvent; or a synthetic sizing agent which has been chemically synthesized.
  • the external mechanical element is applied by a machine which winds either a spiral or a helix (a helix being a spiral in both s and z directions) of thread around the roving as it is taken up on a bobbin after the fibers are parallelized and pulled into tension.
  • a tubular braid can for example be applied in a similar manner to the application of the helix, but involves more strands of thread capturing the parallelized reinforcement fibers.
  • the above method for forming the fabric 500 could be adapted to form a multi-axial fabric.
  • the pre-pregged ply is layed upon a second, and possibly a third pre-pregged plies formed in a similar manner to the first ply, where the pre-pregged plies of each layer have their tows arranged in different orientations.
  • the sandwich of plies is then for example covered with the protective film and the fabric ply is cut and layed-up as an integral piece/layer .
  • Figure 7 illustrates a multi-axial stitched fabric composed of tows 702, at least one of which corresponds to the tow 300 of Figure 3 or 400 of Figure 4A, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a machine is for example used to orient fibers at a specific angle, typically at 0°, 90°, +45°, and/or -45° (it is also possible to orient fibers in +/- 60° angles on some machines). Fiber at a given angle is placed on a single layer, and the layers are situated one above the other and then the layers are stitched together in a 0° and/or 90° orientation to give structure to the fabric.
  • Fabrics may be bi-axial (typically +45/-45), triaxial (0/+45/-45, 0/+60/-60 or 90/+45/-45), or quadriaxial (0/90/+45/-45).
  • the stitching 704 is for example typically of polyester, although nylon, ramie, flax, or other materials may alternatively be used as desired.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a multi-axial woven fabric comprising tows, at least one of which corresponds to the tow 300 of Figure 3 or 400 of Figure 4A, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example of Figure 8 comprises tows 802 in the vertical direction, and tows 804 in the horizontal direction, the tows 802, 804 for example having substantially the same widths as each other.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a tubular braid 900 comprised of reinforcement tows according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a braid 900 comprises tows 902, at least one of which corresponds to the tow 300 of Figure 3 or 400 of Figure 4A.
  • Fabrics for a fiber-reinforced composite may be created in which at least one tow of the fabric corresponds to the tow 300 of Figure 3 or 400 of Figure 4A, as will now be described in more detail with reference to Figures 10 to 13.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a unidirectional fabric 1000 comprising at least one tow 1002 corresponding to the tow 300 or 400, and other rovings 1004 formed of other materials, such as natural or synthetic tows.
  • natural tows include tows formed of fiber such as vegetal fibers of bamboo, flax, ramie, hemp, sisal, jute, banana, pineapple leaf, coir, abaca, rice, corn and nanocellulose, such as mineral fibers of basalt, asbestos, and ceramic fibers, and such as animal- derived fibers of goat hair, horse hair, lamb wool, and silk, while examples of synthetic tows include tows formed of carbon, glass, boron or aramid.
  • the natural fibers are organic fibers, or vegetable-derived fibers.
  • This fabric can also incorporate, as described above, the same metal filaments, plastic or resin filaments, or other materials, which are or may become common to the production of FRCs.
  • the tows 1004 for example have dimensions substantially the same as those of the tows 1002 to create a uniform fabric, or their dimensions could be different to create a non-uniform fabric.
  • Each of the tows 1004 is for example formed of bundles of two or more, and generally hundreds or thousands, of natural or synthetic fibers.
  • the fabric 1000 comprises a parallel arrangement of tows providing a unidirectional fabric, and there is a tow 1002 between every group of four adjacent tows 1004. This ratio could however be changed, the number r of tows 1004 in each group separated by a tow 1002 for example being between 1 and 100.
  • the tows 1002 and 1004 are for example joined together to form a fabric in a similar manner to the techniques described above for fabrics 500 and 600 of Figures 5 and 6.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a biaxial fabric 1100 comprising tows arranged in two directions, which in the example of Figure 11 are perpendicular directions, at least one tow for example being the tow 300 of Figure 3 or 400 of Figure 4A.
  • the fabric 1100 comprises two layers 1102, 1104 of unidirectional fabric, each of which for example corresponds to the fabric 1000 of Figure 10.
  • the layer 1102 for example lays on the layer 1104, the two layers for example being attached together in a similar manner to the fabric 700 of Figure 7 described above.
  • the multi-axial stitched fabric may be created with any similar arrangement of axes.
  • the fabrics and compositions described herein have many applications.
  • the fiber-reinforced composite as described herein could be used in a variety of applications in which sound, vibrational and/or rebound damping is beneficial, including for construction, bicycle frames, winter sports equipment, stereophonic equipment, aerospace components, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente divulgation concerne une mèche ou filasse destinée à un composite renforcé par des fibres, la mèche ou filasse comprenant : une ou plusieurs fibres de renforcement naturelles (301) d'un premier type de matériau ; et une ou plusieurs fibres de renforcement supplémentaires (311) d'un second type de matériau différent du premier type. Les fibres de renforcement naturelles et supplémentaires sont orientées dans le sens de la longueur sans torsion, ou avec une torsion obtenable minimale, en une mèche ou filasse unique conçue pour renforcer une matrice du composite renforcé par des fibres.
PCT/EP2022/070691 2021-07-23 2022-07-22 Hybridation de renforcement de fibres naturelles pour composites et tissus constitués dudit composite Ceased WO2023002043A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22743845.4A EP4373592A1 (fr) 2021-07-23 2022-07-22 Hybridation de renforcement de fibres naturelles pour composites et tissus constitués dudit composite

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FRFR2107994 2021-07-23
FR2107994A FR3125542A1 (fr) 2021-07-23 2021-07-23 Hybridation de renforcement par fibres naturelles pour des matériaux composites et des tissus constitués de celle-ci

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023002043A1 true WO2023002043A1 (fr) 2023-01-26

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PCT/EP2022/070691 Ceased WO2023002043A1 (fr) 2021-07-23 2022-07-22 Hybridation de renforcement de fibres naturelles pour composites et tissus constitués dudit composite

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EP (1) EP4373592A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR3125542A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023002043A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025188181A1 (fr) * 2024-03-04 2025-09-12 Eve Reverse B.V. Produit fibreux et procédé de fabrication d'un produit fibreux

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3148043A1 (fr) * 2023-04-24 2024-10-25 Pda Ecolab Renforcements en fibres naturelles de faible densité pour composites, tissus et composites plastiques renforcés composés de ceux-ci

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FR2107994A1 (fr) 1970-09-25 1972-05-12 Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc
US5155989A (en) * 1989-02-27 1992-10-20 Reiter Machine Works Ltd. Method of and apparatus for producing a blended yarn from cotton fibers and man-made fibers
US20100000196A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 AG Technologies, Inc. Process for manufacturing yarn made from a blend of fibers of cotton, nylon and silver
EP2503036A1 (fr) * 2009-11-17 2012-09-26 Kurashiki Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Filé et produit intermédiaire pour résine renforcée par fibre, et article moulé de résine renforcée par fibre associé
WO2020072009A1 (fr) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 B Preg Kompozit Ve Tekstil Muhendislik Danismanlik Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Şirketi Matériaux composites semi-finis contenant des fibres naturelles et leur production
WO2020222045A1 (fr) 2019-05-01 2020-11-05 Pda Ecolab Stratifils et tissus pour composites renforcés par des fibres
WO2021099836A1 (fr) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-27 Pda Ecolab Barre pour activités sportives et son procédé de formation

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US6065277A (en) * 1998-05-15 2000-05-23 Tuscarora Yarns, Inc. Process for producing dyed spun cotton yarns having improved uniformity, physical properties, and luster and yarns thus produced
FR3073167B1 (fr) * 2017-11-06 2020-11-20 Bcomp Sa Procede de fabrication d’un produit composite
DE102018129065A1 (de) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-20 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Multimaterielles Halbzeug für tragende Strukturbauteile

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2107994A1 (fr) 1970-09-25 1972-05-12 Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc
US5155989A (en) * 1989-02-27 1992-10-20 Reiter Machine Works Ltd. Method of and apparatus for producing a blended yarn from cotton fibers and man-made fibers
US20100000196A1 (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 AG Technologies, Inc. Process for manufacturing yarn made from a blend of fibers of cotton, nylon and silver
EP2503036A1 (fr) * 2009-11-17 2012-09-26 Kurashiki Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Filé et produit intermédiaire pour résine renforcée par fibre, et article moulé de résine renforcée par fibre associé
WO2020072009A1 (fr) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 B Preg Kompozit Ve Tekstil Muhendislik Danismanlik Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Şirketi Matériaux composites semi-finis contenant des fibres naturelles et leur production
WO2020222045A1 (fr) 2019-05-01 2020-11-05 Pda Ecolab Stratifils et tissus pour composites renforcés par des fibres
WO2021099836A1 (fr) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-27 Pda Ecolab Barre pour activités sportives et son procédé de formation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025188181A1 (fr) * 2024-03-04 2025-09-12 Eve Reverse B.V. Produit fibreux et procédé de fabrication d'un produit fibreux
NL2037177B1 (en) * 2024-03-04 2025-09-15 Eve Reverse B V Fibre product and method of manufacturing a fibre product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3125542A1 (fr) 2023-01-27
EP4373592A1 (fr) 2024-05-29

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