WO2023093175A1 - Modular plant hydroponic unit with cross-type liquid flows, hydroponic device and hydroponic system - Google Patents

Abstract

A modular plant hydroponic unit with cross-type liquid flows, the plant hydroponic unit comprising a mounting frame (1), two planting plates (2), and a plurality of flow guide plates (3), wherein the two planting plates (2) are fixed onto side faces of the mounting frame (1) that are opposite each other; a flowing cavity is enclosed by the mounting frame (1) and the planting plates (2); each planting plate (2) is provided with planting holes (21) arranged in an array, planting cups (5) are arranged in the planting holes (21), and the planting holes (21) in the two planting plates (2) are arranged in a staggered manner; and the flow guide plates (3) are fixed onto inner side faces of the planting plates (2), each row of planting holes (21) in the planting plates (2) corresponds to one flow guide plate (3), the flow guide plates (3) are located below each row of planting holes (21), and the flow guide plates (3) on the two planting plates (2) are arranged in a staggered and crossed manner, which can ensure that root systems of plants are fully and accurately irrigated, thereby ensuring stable and uniform plant growth. The present invention further relates to a hydroponic device and a hydroponic system.

Description

Modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit, hydroponic device and hydroponic system technical field

The invention relates to the field of plant cultivation, in particular to a modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic unit, a hydroponic device and a hydroponic system.

Background technique

In the field of plant cultivation, three-dimensional planting is a modern planting method with efficient use of space, which greatly improves the planting output per unit area of land. At present, multi-layer erection is generally used for plant cultivation, and the cultivation trays are placed horizontally on the layers. on the shelf. When the cultivation tray is fed with nutrient solution, in order to provide sufficient nutrients to the plants, the nutrient solution generally completely submerges the roots of the plants. At this time, the roots of the plants cannot obtain sufficient oxygen. In order to provide sufficient oxygen to the plants, the liquid level of the nutrient solution is controlled. At a lower level, plants cannot obtain sufficient nutrient elements, and in existing vertical cultivation devices, plant roots cannot fully contact the nutrient solution, and the nutrient absorption of the roots is insufficient.

Contents of the invention

To this end, it is necessary to provide a modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit, a hydroponic device and a hydroponic system to solve the problems of the existing vertical cultivation device, the root system of the plant cannot fully contact the nutrient solution, and the problem of uneven plant growth.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic unit, comprising:

Installing a frame, the top of the installation frame is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom of the installation frame is provided with a water outlet;

Two planting boards, the planting boards are provided with planting holes arranged in arrays, the two planting boards are fixed on the opposite sides of the installation frame, the installation frame and the planting boards are enclosed to form a flow cavity, the inner side of the planting board It is the inner wall of the flow chamber, and the planting holes on the two planting plates are misplaced.

A plurality of deflectors, the deflectors are located in the flow cavity, the deflectors are fixed to the inner side of the planting plate, each row of planting holes of the planting plate corresponds to a deflector, and the deflectors are located below each row of planting holes, The deflectors on the two oppositely arranged planting plates are arranged in a dislocation and cross manner.

Further, a plurality of diversion grooves are arranged at intervals on the deflector plate, and the diversion grooves correspond to the positions of the planting holes.

Further, the diversion groove is provided with transverse diversion ribs, and the diversion ribs are extended from the sides of the diversion groove to the center of the diversion groove, and a plurality of diversion ribs are intersected and dislocated.

The diversion ribs are used to slow down the flow speed of the nutrient solution in the diversion groove, so that the roots can fully absorb the nutrient solution; the diversion ribs can increase the attachment point of the plant root system in the diversion groove, which is convenient for the fixation of the plant root system. In addition, the cross The misplaced diversion ribs can intercept part of the nutrient solution, avoiding the complete water cut off of the plant root system when the water supply fails, and ensuring the normal growth of the plant

Further, the guide ribs are arc-shaped. It is beneficial to slow down the flow rate of nutrient solution.

Further, the axis of the planting hole has an included angle α with the horizontal plane, and the included angle α ranges from 10° to 30°. The planting holes are arranged obliquely so that the installed planting cups are also inclined, the planting cups are not easy to fall, and the plants grow obliquely upwards.

Further, the bottom surface of the diversion groove is inclined from the outside to the inside, and the two sides of the diversion groove are arc-shaped transitions. The bottom surface of the diversion groove and the horizontal plane have an angle β, and the angle β less than the included angle α. The diversion tank has a certain inclination angle, so that the nutrient solution can continuously deflect downward, and the components of the nutrient solution in the diversion tank can be continuously updated and replaced to prevent the nutrient solution from accumulating too much in the diversion tank, so that each The nutrient solution on the deflector cannot flow sufficiently, hindering the normal growth of plants.

Further, the horizontal width of the deflector is 3/5-4/5 of the horizontal width of the flow cavity. The horizontal width of the water guide plate exceeds half of the installation frame, so that the nutrient solution can continuously flow through the two relative planting plates.

Further, a planting cup is provided in the planting hole, a baffle is provided at the mouth of the planting cup, an annular boss is fixed at the mouth of the planting cup, and two opposite The clamping plate is provided, and the two sides of the clamping plate are fixed with clamping blocks, and there is an interval between the clamping block and the upper surface of the annular boss to form a bayonet. The baffle is located on the annular boss, and the baffle The two ends of the board are embedded in the two bayonet sockets respectively. As the plant grows, the weight of the plant on the outer surface of the planting board becomes heavier and heavier. It is possible that the planting sponge connected to the planting cup will fall from the planting cup. The setting of the baffle can block the planting sponge, effectively preventing Shedding of planting sponges in planting cups. The formation of bayonet helps the quick installation and fixing of the baffle.

The hydroponic device includes a support frame and a plurality of the above-mentioned modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic units, and the plurality of modular cross-type liquid-flow plant hydroponic units are fixed to each other in the vertical direction, and the modular cross-type liquid flow The plant hydroponic unit is fixed with the supporting frame.

Further, it also includes a connection frame, the bottom end of the installation frame is provided with a connection groove, and the inner surface of the top of the installation frame is provided with a connection boss, and the two adjacent modular cross flow In the plant hydroponic unit, the top of the connection frame is embedded in the connection groove of the installation frame of the upper modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit, and the bottom of the connection frame is set on the connection boss. The setting of the connection frame makes the two modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic units fixed relatively firmly.

Further, a diversion box is installed on the water inlet of the topmost modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit, and a plurality of diversion holes are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the diversion box, and the position of each diversion hole is the same as that of each The column planting holes correspond to the positions. The diversion box can store part of the nutrient solution, and the setting of the diversion hole facilitates the precise diversion of the nutrient solution, thereby realizing precise irrigation.

The hydroponic system includes a lighting lamp board and a plurality of the above-mentioned hydroponic devices. The plurality of hydroponic devices are arranged opposite to each other, and a sliding bar is fixed between the tops of the two opposite hydroponic devices. on the slider.

The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, two planting boards are cross-planted on both sides, which greatly increases the planting volume ratio, thereby increasing the output per unit area. The deflectors are fixed on the inner side of the planting boards, and the deflectors arranged in a misplaced cross can make nutrition During the flow process of the liquid in the flow chamber, the nutrient solution is constantly deflected and changed, so that the nutrient solution flows through each planting hole evenly to achieve precise irrigation. The plant root system has sufficient oxygen supply, and the setting of the diversion groove is used to facilitate the growth of the plant root system, increase the contact area between the plant root system and the deflector plate, let the root system more contact with the nutrient solution, and ensure the stable growth of the plant. To a certain extent, it plays a certain role in supporting the root system of plants.

2. The two light panels between the cultivation walls on the hydroponic system can adjust the light distance through the slider to adapt to different growth stages of the crops and improve light utilization efficiency. There is no need to set up manual operation channels, just move the light panels to a You can enter the operation from the side, and the planting volume rate will be greatly improved. And the vertical direction of the device is unobstructed, and the upper and lower cold and hot air exchanges are smooth. The heat generated by the lamp is directly discharged, saving planting energy consumption.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit described in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit described in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the section of the modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit described in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the deflector described in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a structural view of the mouth of the planting cup described in Embodiment 1. FIG.

6 is a structural diagram of the hydroponic device described in Example 2.

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the distribution box described in Embodiment 2.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit described in Embodiment 2.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the connecting parts between the upper and lower adjacent modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic units described in Embodiment 2.

10 is a structural diagram of the hydroponic system described in Example 3.

Explanation of reference signs:

1. Installation frame; 11. Water inlet; 12. Water outlet; 13. Connection groove; 14. Connection boss; 2. Planting plate; 21. Planting hole; 32. Diversion ribs; 4. Diverter box; 41. Diverter hole; 5. Planting cup; 51. Baffle plate; 52. Annular boss; 53. Clamping plate;

6. Modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit; 7. Support frame; 8. Connection frame;

9. Hydroponic device; 91. Slide bar; 92. Lighting lamp board.

Detailed ways

In order to describe the technical content, structural features, achieved purpose and effect of the technical solution in detail, the following will be described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Please refer to Figures 1-5, a modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit in this embodiment, including an installation frame 1, two planting plates 2 and a plurality of deflectors 3, in this embodiment, the installation frame 1 is a flat box structure with a space inside, the top of the installation frame 1 is provided with a water inlet 11, and the bottom of the installation frame 1 is provided with a water outlet 12;

The two opposite sides of the installation frame 1 are opened to form the installation sides, and the two planting boards 2 are respectively fixed on the installation sides, thus, the installation frame 1 and the two planting boards 2 are enclosed to form a flow cavity, and the planting boards The inner surface of 2 constitutes the side wall of the flow chamber, and the fixing method of the planting plate 2 can be fixed with the installation frame body 1 by screw fasteners, or a boss can be formed on the installation side, and the fastening of the planting plate 2 can be fixed by buckling. .

The planting plate 2 is provided with planting holes 21 arranged in an array, and planting cups 5 are arranged in the planting holes 21, and the planting holes 21 on the two planting plates 2 are arranged in dislocation; the planting holes 21 arranged in an array are arranged in multiple rows and columns. .

The deflector 3 is fixed on the inner side of the planting plate 2, and each row of planting holes 21 of the planting plate 2 corresponds to a deflector 3, and the deflector 3 is located below each row of planting holes 21, and the deflector 3 is provided with There are a plurality of diversion grooves 31, and the diversion grooves 31 correspond to the positions of the planting holes 21, and the diversion plates 3 on the two planting boards 2 are dislocated and intersected. The part of the guide groove 31 and the guide plate 3 is bent downward.

The deflector 3 can be set as an integrated structure with the planting board 2, or a horizontal installation slot is set on the back of the planting board 2, and one side of the deflector 3 is inserted into the installation slot for fixing, so that the deflector 3 3 and the planting board 2 form a detachable structure.

The axis of the planting hole 21 has an included angle α with the horizontal plane, and the range of the included angle α is 10°-30°. The planting holes 21 are arranged obliquely so that the installed planting cups 5 are also inclined, the planting cups 5 are not easy to fall, and the plants grow obliquely upwards. In this embodiment, the value of the included angle α is 20°.

In another implementation manner, the value of the included angle α is 10°.

In another implementation manner, the value of the included angle α is 30°.

The mouth of the planting cup 5 is provided with an arc-shaped baffle 51, and the mouth of the planting cup 5 is fixed with an annular boss 52, and the annular boss 52 is fixed with two oppositely arranged clamping plates 53, the clamping plates 53 There are clamping blocks 54 fixed on both sides of the two sides, there is an interval between the clamping block 54 and the upper surface of the annular boss 52 to form a bayonet 55, the baffle 51 is located on the annular boss 52, and the two ends of the baffle 51 are respectively embedded in two Inside bayonet 55. As the plant grows, the weight of the plant on the outer surface of the planting plate 2 becomes heavier and heavier, and the planting sponge in the planting cup 5 may fall from the planting cup 5, and the setting of the baffle plate 51 can block the planting sponge , effectively prevent the planting sponge from falling off in the planting cup 5. The formation of the bayonet 55 is helpful for fast installation and fixing of the baffle 51 .

The deflector 3 is arranged horizontally and the bottom surface of the diversion groove 31 is inclined from the outside to the inside from the top to the bottom. The two sides of the diversion groove 31 have a circular arc transition. Smaller than the included angle α, in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the guide groove 31 is 14°. The diversion groove 31 has a certain inclination angle, so that the nutrient solution can continuously deflect downwards, and the components of the nutrient solution in the diversion groove 31 can be continuously updated and replaced to prevent the nutrient solution from accumulating too much in the diversion groove 31 , so that the nutrient solution on each deflector 3 cannot flow sufficiently, hindering the normal growth of plants.

In another embodiment, the entire deflector 3 may also be arranged inclined downward.

A plurality of arc-shaped diversion ribs 32 are arranged in the diversion groove 31, and the diversion ribs 32 are extended from the side of the diversion groove 31 to the center of the diversion groove 31, and the plurality of diversion ribs 32 are intersected and dislocated. set up. The diversion ribs 32 are used to slow down the flow rate of the nutrient solution in the diversion groove 31, so that the roots can fully absorb the nutrient solution; the diversion ribs 32 can increase the attachment point of the plant root system in the diversion groove 31, so as to facilitate the fixing of the plant root system , In addition, the diversion ribs 32 arranged crosswise and misplaced can intercept part of the nutrient solution, avoiding the complete water cut off of the root system of the plant when the water supply fails, and ensuring the normal growth of the plant.

In this embodiment, each diversion groove 31 corresponds to four diversion ribs 32, and the diversion ribs 32 and the diversion groove 31 are integrally formed. Specifically, the diversion plate 3 can be set by injection molding, and can be formed at one time. In another embodiment, the diversion ribs 32 are set to be pasted and fixed with waterproof glue, even if the diversion ribs 32 are washed away , can also be replaced quickly.

In this embodiment, the vertical heights of the diversion ribs 32 in the unified diversion groove 31 are equal. In another embodiment, in order to adapt to the development of different plant root systems, the height of a plurality of diversion plate ribs 32 can be set to Differently, the higher height of the diversion rib can make the root system of the plant have a larger attachment area.

In another embodiment, among the plurality of diversion ribs 32, the diversion ribs close to the planting plate 2 can be set as vertical cylinders, which can facilitate the downward growth of plant roots, while the guide ribs near the outside The flow ribs 32 are arranged in a strip structure, capable of retaining part of the nutrient solution in the diversion groove 31 .

In this embodiment, the horizontal width of the deflector 3 is 3/5 of the horizontal width of the installation frame 1 .

In another embodiment, the horizontal width of the deflector 3 is 4/5 of the horizontal width of the installation frame 1 . The horizontal width of the water guide plate exceeds half of the installation frame 1, so that the nutrient solution can continuously flow through the two relative planting plates 2.

Example 2

Please refer to Figures 2, 6-9, this embodiment discloses a hydroponic device, including a support frame 7, a connecting frame 8 and a plurality of modular cross-flow plant hydroponic units 6 of Embodiment 1, a plurality of modular The hydroponic units 6 of the cross-type liquid flow plants are fixed to each other in the vertical direction, and the hydroponic units 6 of the modular cross-type liquid flow plants are fixed with the support frame 7 .

Specifically, the bottom end of the installation frame 1 of the modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic unit 6 is provided with a connecting groove 13, and the water inlet 11 of the top floor modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic unit 6 is equipped with a shunt Box 4 , the bottom surface of the distribution box 4 is provided with a plurality of distribution holes 41 at intervals, and the position of each distribution hole 41 corresponds to the position of each row of planting holes 21 on the planting plate 2 . The diversion box 4 can store part of the nutrient solution, and the setting of the diversion hole 41 facilitates precise diversion of the nutrient solution, thereby realizing precise irrigation.

Specifically, the inner surface of the water inlet 11 of the installation frame 1 forms a connecting boss, and the distribution box 4 is directly placed on the connecting boss; in another embodiment, the distribution box 4 can be connected to the installation frame through fasteners The top of the body 1 is fixed; as shown in Figure 2, the bottom surface of the distribution box is provided with a downwardly recessed distribution groove, the distribution groove is biased towards the uppermost row of the two planting plates 2, and the distribution holes 41 are arranged at intervals in the distribution groove Therefore, with the cooperation of the deflector 3 , the nutrient solution flows through each planting hole 21 from top to bottom from the distribution hole 41 to provide nutrition for the plant roots in each planting hole 21 .

The side of the distribution box 4 and the side of the top of the installation frame 1 form a placement groove, and in the two adjacent modular cross-flow plant hydroponic units 6 up and down, the top of the connection frame 8 is embedded in the upper modular cross-flow In the connection groove 13 of the installation frame body 1 of the plant hydroponic unit 6, the bottom of the connection frame 8 is embedded in the placement groove. The arrangement of the connection frame 8 makes the two modular cross-flow plant hydroponic units 6 be fixed relatively firmly.

Example 3

Please refer to FIG. 10 , this embodiment discloses a hydroponic system, including a lighting lamp board 92 and a plurality of hydroponic devices 9 in Embodiment 2, and a plurality of hydroponic devices 9 are arranged in pairs, and two relative hydroponic devices 9 A slide bar 91 is fixed between the tops, and the illuminating lamp board 92 is slidably arranged on the slide bar 91 .

In the present invention:

The hydroponic device 9 and the hydroponic system are composed of a modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit 6, which is convenient for installation, disassembly and transportation. On the hydroponic device 9, the nutrient solution flows from top to bottom to solve the problem of horizontal cultivation. For problems such as overflow, algae growth, and water blockage, the roots of plants can flow with the water flow to the bottom layer, and the roots can be cleaned in one step to solve the problem of roots blocking the water. The nutrient solution is in the modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit from top to bottom. In the process of flowing in 6, due to the deflectors 3 arranged in the cross position, the nutrient solution is constantly deflected and changed, and the nutrient solution can fully communicate with the root system of the plant when flowing through the diversion groove 31 of the deflector 3. contact with each other to ensure that the plants can fully absorb nutrients, and the diversion ribs 32 in the diversion groove 31 can slow down the flow rate of the nutrient solution and provide sufficient attachment points for the roots of the plants, which is conducive to the fixation of the plants and ensures the normal operation of the plants. grow.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or terminal equipment comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements identified, or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or terminal equipment. Without further limitations, an element defined by a statement "comprising..." or "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional elements in the process, method, article or terminal equipment comprising said element. In addition, in this article, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" and so on are understood as not including the original number; "above", "below", "within" and so on are understood as including the original number.

Although the above-mentioned embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept, so the above-mentioned are only the implementation of the present invention For example, it is not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also included in this patent. Inventions within the scope of patent protection.

Claims (12)

The modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit is characterized in that it includes: Install the frame, the top of the installation frame is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom of the installation frame is provided with a water outlet; Two planting boards, the planting boards are provided with planting holes arranged in an array, the two planting boards are fixed on the opposite sides of the installation frame, the installation frame and the planting boards are enclosed to form a flow cavity, and the inner part of the planting board The side is the inner wall of the flow chamber, and the planting holes on the two planting plates are misplaced; A plurality of deflectors, the deflectors are located in the flow cavity, the deflectors are fixed to the inner surface of the planting plate, each row of planting holes of the planting plate corresponds to a deflector, and the deflectors are located below each row of planting holes, The deflectors on the two oppositely arranged planting plates are arranged in a dislocation and cross manner. The modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of diversion grooves are arranged at intervals on the deflector plate, and the diversion grooves correspond to the positions of the planting holes. The modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 2, wherein the diversion groove is provided with transverse diversion ribs. The modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, the guide ribs are arc-shaped. The modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 2, wherein the axis of the planting hole and the horizontal plane have an included angle α, and the range of the included angle α is 10°-30°. The modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, the two sides of the diversion groove have a circular arc transition, and the bottom surface of the diversion groove is inclined from the outside to the inside and from the top to the bottom. , the bottom surface of the diversion groove and the horizontal plane have an included angle β, and the included angle β is smaller than the included angle α. The modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal width of the deflector is 3/5-4/5 of the horizontal width of the flow chamber. The modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit according to claim 1, wherein a planting cup is provided in the planting hole, a baffle is provided at the mouth of the planting cup, and a baffle is provided at the mouth of the planting cup. An annular boss is fixed at the mouth of the cup, and two opposite clamping plates are fixed on the annular boss, and clamping blocks are fixed on both sides of the clamping plate, and the gap between the clamping block and the upper surface of the annular boss is There are intervals to form bayonet sockets, the baffle plate is located on the annular boss, and the two ends of the baffle plate are embedded in the two bayonet sockets respectively. The hydroponic device is characterized in that it includes a support frame and a plurality of modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic units as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, and a plurality of modular cross-type liquid flow plant hydroponic units are vertically The directions are mutually fixed, and the modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit is fixed with the supporting frame. The hydroponic device according to claim 9, further comprising a connection frame, the bottom end of the installation frame is provided with a connection groove, and the inner surface of the top of the installation frame is provided with a connection boss, In two adjacent modular cross-flow plant hydroponic units up and down, the top of the connection frame is embedded in the connection groove of the installation frame of the upper modular cross-flow plant hydroponic unit, and the bottom of the connection frame Set on the connection boss. The hydroponic device according to claim 9, wherein a distribution box is installed on the water inlet of the topmost modularized cross-flow plant hydroponic unit, and a plurality of distribution holes are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the distribution box , the position of each split hole corresponds to the position of each row of planting holes on the planting plate. The hydroponic system is characterized in that it includes a lighting board and a plurality of hydroponic devices as claimed in any one of claims 9-11, and the plurality of hydroponic devices are arranged opposite to each other, and the tops of the two opposite hydroponic devices A slide bar is fixed between them, and the lighting board is slidably arranged on the slide bar.

Images