WO2023071496A1 - Satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power source supply circuit - Google Patents
Satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power source supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023071496A1 WO2023071496A1 PCT/CN2022/115601 CN2022115601W WO2023071496A1 WO 2023071496 A1 WO2023071496 A1 WO 2023071496A1 CN 2022115601 W CN2022115601 W CN 2022115601W WO 2023071496 A1 WO2023071496 A1 WO 2023071496A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Definitions
- the invention relates to a satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit.
- Capacitive pulse loads such as phased array radar and solid-state radar, are widely used in military reconnaissance, aerospace communication and countermeasures under complex space conditions.
- the efficiency index, volume weight, and reliability of the secondary power supply directly affect the power supply capability of the platform, the utilization of on-board resources, and the strategic and tactical performance of the entire star system.
- the other voltage supplies power to non-pulse loads, generally requiring less power.
- Both non-pulse load and capacitive load power supply need to have functions such as delayed start and voltage interlock, and it is required that the capacitive load cannot supply power when the non-pulse load is powered off or fails to start normally.
- the centralized power supply scheme has the following disadvantages.
- the output terminal of the (spacecraft) secondary power supply is far away from the pulse load terminal, which makes the line loss large.
- the resulting wire voltage drop will not only affect the load terminal voltage. Stable, and will reduce the efficiency of the system, at the same time, the load will also affect each other, making the dynamic response poor.
- the heat of the centralized power supply system is relatively concentrated, which is not convenient for the heat dissipation of the load system, thereby reducing the reliability of the system.
- the volume and weight of a single centralized power supply system are relatively large, which is not convenient for the integrated and lightweight design of the load system.
- the distributed two-stage power supply scheme is just designed to improve the stability and reliability of the system, especially the distributed two-stage power conversion scheme has attracted widespread attention.
- the secondary power supply is divided into two stages of transformation according to the functional circuit, and the intermediate bus voltage (3V ⁇ 5V higher than the maximum load demand voltage) is introduced, so that the post-stage transformation of the power supply is close to the load end, and the corresponding voltage is provided for the load end. It can realize the functions of switching machine, current limiting and slow start of capacitive pulse load.
- the existing distributed two-stage power supply scheme also has various defects.
- the secondary power supply needs to undergo two-stage conversion to supply power to the pulse load equipment. system power efficiency.
- the number of power supply stages of the secondary power supply is large, and many devices are used, which also increases the construction cost of the whole star.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit.
- the present invention provides a star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit, including a power supply, a secondary power supply, a non-isolated power supply, a power supply bus and a voltage bus, and an isolating switch located between the capacitive pulse load and the between the voltage busbars.
- the isolating switch includes a sampling resistor, an NMOS transistor and a charge discharge resistor;
- Both ends of the charge discharge resistor are respectively connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor.
- the isolation switch further includes a differential amplifier and a current regulator
- sampling resistor The two ends of the sampling resistor are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier, and the sampling voltages are Vs1 and Vs2 respectively;
- the differential signal After the differential signal is amplified, it is compared with the set reference value Iref, and the comparison result is processed by the current regulator to control the voltage of the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor, and then control the output current.
- the isolation switch further includes a voltage comparator, the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply, and is used to detect the output voltage V2 of the non-isolated power supply;
- the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the reference voltage Vref;
- the output end of the voltage comparator is connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor.
- the output end of the isolating switch is connected to a capacitive pulse load, and a capacitor array is further provided between the isolating switch and the capacitive pulse load.
- the voltage Vo of the voltage bus is the same as the capacitive pulse load voltage V1.
- the output end of the non-isolated power supply is connected to a non-pulse load.
- the output end of the non-isolated power supply is connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor, and a current limiting resistor is provided between the non-isolated power supply and the NMOS transistor.
- the power source is a storage battery
- the secondary power source is an isolated DC/DC converter
- the non-isolated power source is a non-isolated DC/DC converter
- a space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit with multiple outputs, high efficiency, and high power density is provided, and the distributed quasi-two-stage power conversion power supply mode is used to divide the secondary power supply according to the functional circuit , so that the latter stage of the secondary power supply (isolated switch and non-isolated power supply) is as close as possible to the pulse load end to supply power for it, which can effectively solve the problem of voltage instability at the load end and further reduce the demand for heat dissipation.
- the functions of on/off, current limiting and slow start of the capacitive pulse load are realized through the isolating switch, and the voltage of the voltage bus and the capacitive pulse load are basically the same, so that no power conversion is required at this stage. Since the pulsed load requires a large amount of power, the power supply efficiency of the power supply system can be effectively improved after the first-stage power conversion is omitted, thereby reducing the construction cost of the entire star.
- an N-type MOS tube and a current sampling resistor are set in the isolating switch, and then the isolating switch is provided with the functions of switching on and off, current limiting protection and slow start of large capacitive loads through reasonable circuit design, thereby It can better realize the switch machine, current limit and slow start function of capacitive pulse load, and can also realize the function of over current or short circuit protection.
- a non-isolated power supply (buck-type or boost-type converter) is used to convert the voltage of the voltage bus and then supply power, because this type of load has less demand for total power , Generally about 10W, so the impact on the power of the whole machine is also small.
- Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the isolating switch part in the space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a differential amplifier and a current regulator in the isolating switch in the star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the voltage comparator in the isolating switch in the space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the non-isolated power supply in the satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a centralized star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit in the prior art.
- Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a distributed satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit in the prior art.
- the starborne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of the present invention is suitable for supplying power for the starborne quasi-two-stage pulse load, which includes a power supply 1, a secondary power supply 2, a non-isolated power supply 3, a power supply bus 4 and a voltage Busbar 5.
- the power source 1 is a storage battery
- the secondary power source 2 is an isolated DC/DC converter (1-n)
- the non-isolated power source 3 is a non-isolated DC/DC converter.
- the battery is connected to the input end of the isolated DC/DC converter through an input cable to provide input power for the isolated DC/DC converter, and then the isolated DC/DC converter converts the voltage Vin of the battery into Vo and sends it to the subsequent stage.
- an isolating switch 6 is also provided in the star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit, which is located between the capacitive pulse load and the voltage bus 5 .
- the voltage output positive line of the isolated DC/DC converter is connected to the input end of the isolation switch 6 and the non-isolated power supply 3 .
- the output end of the isolating switch 6 is connected with the capacitive pulse load (resistance), so as to realize switching, current limiting and slow start of the high-power capacitive pulse load.
- a capacitance array 8 is provided between the isolation switch 6 and the capacitive pulse load.
- the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply 3 is connected to a non-pulse load, so that the voltage of the voltage bus 5 is converted into a voltage V2 required by other devices, so as to supply power to various low-power devices.
- this system adopts a distributed power supply method, so that the secondary power supply 2 is close to the load end, and its output end is connected to the voltage bus 5 in the middle.
- the present invention makes the voltage Vo of the voltage bus 5 substantially the same as the capacitive pulse load voltage V1, so that the power supply control for the capacitive pulse load can be realized by controlling the isolating switch 6, so as to save a power conversion.
- the isolation switch 6 includes a (current) sampling resistor 61 ( R1 ), an NMOS transistor 62 (that is, an N-type MOS transistor or a power switch transistor) and a charge discharge resistor 63 ( R2 ).
- the NMOS transistor 62 is located on the main circuit of the isolating switch 6. In this way, switching on and off of the capacitive pulse load and slow start control can be realized by applying voltage to the G pole and S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 to perform on and off control. Both ends of the charge discharge resistor 63 are respectively connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 .
- the gate driving voltage VGS of the NMOS transistor 62 is acquired by a boost circuit (charge pump, etc.) and converted after collecting the voltage Vo.
- the boost circuit can use an isolated or non-isolated boost converter, the voltage is generally about 12V, and the required power is about 20mW.
- the isolation switch 6 further includes a differential amplifier 64 and a current regulator 66 . Both ends of the serially connected sampling resistor 61 are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier 64, and the sampling voltages are Vs1 and Vs2 respectively.
- the differential signal is amplified and compared with the set reference value Iref (provided by the external reference circuit), and the comparison result is processed by the current regulator 66 to control the G pole of the NMOS transistor 62 and The voltage of the S pole is adjusted and controlled, so as to realize the control of the start-up current, and prevent the short-circuit protection problem of the front-end power supply caused by the excessive start-up current of the capacitive load.
- the isolation switch 6 also includes a voltage comparator 65, the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 65 is connected to the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply 3 for detecting the output voltage V2 of the non-isolated power supply 3, and the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 65 The terminal is connected to the reference voltage Vref (provided by an external reference circuit).
- the output terminal of the voltage comparator 65 is connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 .
- the non-pulse load output voltage V2 collected by the voltage comparator 65 is compared with the reference voltage Vref, and the gate voltage VGS of the NMOS transistor 62 is controlled to realize the power supply for the capacitive load and the output delay and interlock of the voltage V1 control.
- the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply 3 (non-isolated boost converter) is connected to the G pole and S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 to provide a driving voltage.
- a current limiting resistor 7 (R3) is also provided between the non-isolated power supply 3 and the NMOS transistor 62 .
- the present invention adopts a distributed quasi-two-stage power conversion power supply method, divides the secondary power supply according to functional circuits, and realizes switching, current limiting and slow start of the capacitive pulse load through the isolating switch 6. Due to the pulse load demand The power is relatively large, and after saving the first stage of power conversion, the power supply efficiency of the power supply system can be effectively improved, thereby reducing the construction cost of the entire star. At the same time, make the post-stage isolating switch 6 of the secondary power supply and the non-isolated power supply 3 close to the pulse load end to provide corresponding voltages, thereby effectively solving the problem of voltage instability at the load end and further reducing the heat dissipation requirements.
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Abstract
Description
本申请要求于2021年10月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111265173.2、申请名称为“星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202111265173.2 and the application name "Spaceborne Quasi-Two-Stage Pulse Load Power Supply Circuit" submitted to the China Patent Office on October 28, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in In this application.
本发明涉及一种星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路。The invention relates to a satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit.
容性脉冲载荷，如相控阵雷达、固态雷达等广泛应用于复杂空间条件下的军事侦察、空天通信及对抗等领域。作为脉冲载荷系统的重要部件，二次电源的效率指标、体积重量、可靠性等性能直接影响到平台供电能力、星上资源利用率和整星系统的战略、战术性能。脉冲载荷需求电压种类多，需要两种类型电压供电，一种为容性脉冲负载供电，功率需求大，属大容性、低重频、大脉宽脉冲负载。另外一种电压为非脉冲负载供电，一般需求功率较小。非脉冲负载和容性负载供电均需具备延时启动、电压互锁等功能，并要求非脉冲负载在掉电或者未正常启动时，容性负载不能供电。Capacitive pulse loads, such as phased array radar and solid-state radar, are widely used in military reconnaissance, aerospace communication and countermeasures under complex space conditions. As an important part of the pulse load system, the efficiency index, volume weight, and reliability of the secondary power supply directly affect the power supply capability of the platform, the utilization of on-board resources, and the strategic and tactical performance of the entire star system. There are many types of voltages required by pulse loads, and two types of voltage power supplies are required. One is for capacitive pulse loads, which has a large power demand and is a large capacitive, low repetition frequency, and large pulse width pulse load. The other voltage supplies power to non-pulse loads, generally requiring less power. Both non-pulse load and capacitive load power supply need to have functions such as delayed start and voltage interlock, and it is required that the capacitive load cannot supply power when the non-pulse load is powered off or fails to start normally.
现有技术中，主要有两种供电方式，分别为集中式供电（如图6所示）和分布式两级供电（如图7所示）。其中，集中式供电方案存在以下缺点，首先，（航天器）二次电源的输出端与脉冲载荷端距离较远，使得线损较大，由此形成的导线压降不仅会影响负载端电压的稳定，而且会使系统效率降低，同时，负载之间也会相互影响，使动态响应较差。并且，集中式电源系统的热量较为集中，不便于载荷系统的散热，从而降低了系统的可靠性。另外，集中式的电源系统单机体积和重量也比较大，不便于载荷系统的一体化、轻量化设计。而分布式两级供电方案恰好就是为了提高系统的稳定性和可靠性而设计，尤其是分布式两级功率变换方案受到广泛关注。该方案将二次电源按功能电路分为两级变换，并引入中间母线电压（高于最大载荷需求电压3V～5V)，使电源的后级变换靠近负载端，为负载端提供相应电压，同时可实现容性脉冲负载的开关机、限流和缓启动功能。这一思路能够初步解决负载端电压不稳定的问题，并能在一定程度上降低对散热的要求。但是，现有的分布式两级供电方案也存在种种缺陷，首先，二次电源需要经过两级变换才能为脉冲载荷设备供电，因此其在解决负载端电压不稳定的问题的同时也会降低电源系统供电效率。并且，二次电源的供电级数较多，使用器件较多，从而也增加了整星建造成本。In the prior art, there are mainly two power supply modes, which are centralized power supply (as shown in FIG. 6 ) and distributed two-stage power supply (as shown in FIG. 7 ). Among them, the centralized power supply scheme has the following disadvantages. First, the output terminal of the (spacecraft) secondary power supply is far away from the pulse load terminal, which makes the line loss large. The resulting wire voltage drop will not only affect the load terminal voltage. Stable, and will reduce the efficiency of the system, at the same time, the load will also affect each other, making the dynamic response poor. Moreover, the heat of the centralized power supply system is relatively concentrated, which is not convenient for the heat dissipation of the load system, thereby reducing the reliability of the system. In addition, the volume and weight of a single centralized power supply system are relatively large, which is not convenient for the integrated and lightweight design of the load system. The distributed two-stage power supply scheme is just designed to improve the stability and reliability of the system, especially the distributed two-stage power conversion scheme has attracted widespread attention. In this scheme, the secondary power supply is divided into two stages of transformation according to the functional circuit, and the intermediate bus voltage (3V~5V higher than the maximum load demand voltage) is introduced, so that the post-stage transformation of the power supply is close to the load end, and the corresponding voltage is provided for the load end. It can realize the functions of switching machine, current limiting and slow start of capacitive pulse load. This idea can preliminarily solve the problem of voltage instability at the load end, and can reduce the requirement for heat dissipation to a certain extent. However, the existing distributed two-stage power supply scheme also has various defects. First, the secondary power supply needs to undergo two-stage conversion to supply power to the pulse load equipment. system power efficiency. Moreover, the number of power supply stages of the secondary power supply is large, and many devices are used, which also increases the construction cost of the whole star.
本发明的目的在于提供一种星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit.
为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供一种星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路，包括电源、二次电源、非隔离电源、供电母线和电压母线，还包括隔离开关，位于容性脉冲负载和所述电压母线之间。In order to realize the purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides a star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit, including a power supply, a secondary power supply, a non-isolated power supply, a power supply bus and a voltage bus, and an isolating switch located between the capacitive pulse load and the between the voltage busbars.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述隔离开关包括采样电阻、NMOS管和电荷泄放电阻；According to one aspect of the present invention, the isolating switch includes a sampling resistor, an NMOS transistor and a charge discharge resistor;
所述电荷泄放电阻的两端分别连接所述NMOS管的G极和S极。Both ends of the charge discharge resistor are respectively connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述隔离开关还包括差分放大器和电流调节器；According to an aspect of the present invention, the isolation switch further includes a differential amplifier and a current regulator;
所述采样电阻的两端分别连接所述差分放大器的同相输入端和反相输入端，采样电压分别为Vs1和Vs2；The two ends of the sampling resistor are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier, and the sampling voltages are Vs1 and Vs2 respectively;
差分信号被放大后与设定基准值Iref比较，比较结果经过所述电流调节器处理，以控制所述NMOS管的G极和S极的电压，进而控制输出电流。After the differential signal is amplified, it is compared with the set reference value Iref, and the comparison result is processed by the current regulator to control the voltage of the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor, and then control the output current.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述隔离开关还包括电压比较器，所述电压比较器的同相输入端连接所述非隔离电源的输出端，用于检测所述非隔离电源的输出电压V2；According to one aspect of the present invention, the isolation switch further includes a voltage comparator, the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply, and is used to detect the output voltage V2 of the non-isolated power supply;
所述电压比较器的反相输入端接入基准电压Vref；The inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the reference voltage Vref;
所述电压比较器的输出端连接所述NMOS管的G极和S极。The output end of the voltage comparator is connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述隔离开关的输出端连接容性脉冲负载，且所述隔离开关和容性脉冲负载之间还设有电容阵。According to one aspect of the present invention, the output end of the isolating switch is connected to a capacitive pulse load, and a capacitor array is further provided between the isolating switch and the capacitive pulse load.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述电压母线的电压Vo与容性脉冲负载电压V1相同。According to one aspect of the present invention, the voltage Vo of the voltage bus is the same as the capacitive pulse load voltage V1.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述非隔离电源的输出端连接非脉冲负载。According to one aspect of the present invention, the output end of the non-isolated power supply is connected to a non-pulse load.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述非隔离电源的输出端连接所述NMOS管的G极和S极，且所述非隔离电源和所述NMOS管之间设有限流电阻。According to one aspect of the present invention, the output end of the non-isolated power supply is connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor, and a current limiting resistor is provided between the non-isolated power supply and the NMOS transistor.
根据本发明的一个方面，所述电源为蓄电池，所述二次电源为隔离DC/DC变换器，所述非隔离电源为非隔离DC/DC变换器。According to one aspect of the present invention, the power source is a storage battery, the secondary power source is an isolated DC/DC converter, and the non-isolated power source is a non-isolated DC/DC converter.
根据本发明的构思，提供一种多路输出、高效率、高功率密度的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路，采用分布式准两级功率变换供电方式，将二次电源按功能电路划分，使二次电源的后级（隔离开关和非隔离电源）尽可能靠近脉冲载荷端为之供电，从而可以有效地解决负载端电压不稳定的问题，还能进一步降低对散热的需求。According to the concept of the present invention, a space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit with multiple outputs, high efficiency, and high power density is provided, and the distributed quasi-two-stage power conversion power supply mode is used to divide the secondary power supply according to the functional circuit , so that the latter stage of the secondary power supply (isolated switch and non-isolated power supply) is as close as possible to the pulse load end to supply power for it, which can effectively solve the problem of voltage instability at the load end and further reduce the demand for heat dissipation.
根据本发明的一个方案，通过隔离开关实现对容性脉冲负载的开关机、限流和缓启动功能，并使电压母线和容性脉冲负载电压基本相同，从而在此级无需进行功率变换。而由于脉冲负载的需求功率较大，因此在省去一级功率变换后，可有效提升电源系统的供电效率，从而降低整星建造成本。According to a solution of the present invention, the functions of on/off, current limiting and slow start of the capacitive pulse load are realized through the isolating switch, and the voltage of the voltage bus and the capacitive pulse load are basically the same, so that no power conversion is required at this stage. Since the pulsed load requires a large amount of power, the power supply efficiency of the power supply system can be effectively improved after the first-stage power conversion is omitted, thereby reducing the construction cost of the entire star.
根据本发明的一个方案，在隔离开关中设置了N型MOS管和电流采样电阻，再通过合理的电路设计使隔离开关具备开关机、限流保护和对大容性负载缓启动的功能，从而可以更好地实现对容性脉冲负载的开关机、限流和缓启动功能，也能够实现过流或者短路保护功能。According to a solution of the present invention, an N-type MOS tube and a current sampling resistor are set in the isolating switch, and then the isolating switch is provided with the functions of switching on and off, current limiting protection and slow start of large capacitive loads through reasonable circuit design, thereby It can better realize the switch machine, current limit and slow start function of capacitive pulse load, and can also realize the function of over current or short circuit protection.
根据本发明的一个方案，对于非脉冲负载，采用非隔离电源(降压型或升压型变换器)将电压母线的电压进行变换后供电的方式，由于这类负载对于总率的需求较小，一般为10W左右，因此对整机功率的影响也较小。According to a solution of the present invention, for non-pulse loads, a non-isolated power supply (buck-type or boost-type converter) is used to convert the voltage of the voltage bus and then supply power, because this type of load has less demand for total power , Generally about 10W, so the impact on the power of the whole machine is also small.
图1是本发明的一种实施方式的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路的电路图；Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明的一种实施方式的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路中的隔离开关部位的电路图；Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the isolating switch part in the space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明的一种实施方式的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路中的隔离开关中的差分放大器和电流调节器的示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a differential amplifier and a current regulator in the isolating switch in the star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明的一种实施方式的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路中的隔离开关中的电压比较器的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the voltage comparator in the isolating switch in the space-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明的一种实施方式的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路中的非隔离电源的示意图；Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the non-isolated power supply in the satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
图6是现有技术的集中式星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路的电路图。Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a centralized star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit in the prior art.
图7是现有技术的分布式星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路的电路图。Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a distributed satellite-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit in the prior art.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that are used in the embodiments. Apparently, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative efforts.
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作详细地描述，实施方式不能在此一一赘述，但本发明的实施方式并不因此限定于以下实施方式。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the embodiments cannot be repeated here one by one, but the embodiments of the present invention are not therefore limited to the following embodiments.
参见图1，本发明的星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路，适用于为星载准两级脉冲载荷供电，其包括电源1、二次电源2、非隔离电源3、供电母线4和电压母线5。其中，电源1为蓄电池，二次电源2为隔离DC/DC变换器（1～n），非隔离电源3为非隔离DC/DC变换器。蓄电池与隔离DC/DC变换器的输入端通过输入线缆连接，从而为隔离DC/DC变换器提供输入电能，再由隔离DC/DC变换器将蓄电池的电压Vin变换为Vo向后级输送。Referring to Fig. 1, the starborne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit of the present invention is suitable for supplying power for the starborne quasi-two-stage pulse load, which includes a power supply 1, a secondary power supply 2, a non-isolated power supply 3, a power supply bus 4 and a voltage Busbar 5. Among them, the power source 1 is a storage battery, the secondary power source 2 is an isolated DC/DC converter (1-n), and the non-isolated power source 3 is a non-isolated DC/DC converter. The battery is connected to the input end of the isolated DC/DC converter through an input cable to provide input power for the isolated DC/DC converter, and then the isolated DC/DC converter converts the voltage Vin of the battery into Vo and sends it to the subsequent stage.
根据本发明的构思，星载准两级脉冲载荷电源供电电路中还设置了隔离开关6，其位于容性脉冲负载和电压母线5之间。隔离DC/DC变换器的电压输出正线与隔离开关6和非隔离电源3的输入端连接。隔离开关6的输出端与容性脉冲负载（电阻）连接，实现对大功率容性脉冲负载的开关机、限流和缓启动。同时，隔离开关6和容性脉冲负载之间还设有电容阵8。非隔离电源3的输出端与非脉冲负载连接，从而将电压母线5的电压进行一级功率变换，变换成其它设备需要的电压V2，以实现对各类小功率设备供电。According to the concept of the present invention, an isolating switch 6 is also provided in the star-borne quasi-two-stage pulse load power supply circuit, which is located between the capacitive pulse load and the voltage bus 5 . The voltage output positive line of the isolated DC/DC converter is connected to the input end of the isolation switch 6 and the non-isolated power supply 3 . The output end of the isolating switch 6 is connected with the capacitive pulse load (resistance), so as to realize switching, current limiting and slow start of the high-power capacitive pulse load. At the same time, a capacitance array 8 is provided between the isolation switch 6 and the capacitive pulse load. The output terminal of the non-isolated power supply 3 is connected to a non-pulse load, so that the voltage of the voltage bus 5 is converted into a voltage V2 required by other devices, so as to supply power to various low-power devices.
由此，本系统采用分布式供电方法，使二次电源2靠近载荷端，其输出端则接入中间的电压母线5。并且，本发明令电压母线5的电压Vo与容性脉冲负载电压V1基本相同，从而通过控制隔离开关6即可实现对容性脉冲负载的供电控制，以省去一次功率变换。Therefore, this system adopts a distributed power supply method, so that the secondary power supply 2 is close to the load end, and its output end is connected to the voltage bus 5 in the middle. Moreover, the present invention makes the voltage Vo of the voltage bus 5 substantially the same as the capacitive pulse load voltage V1, so that the power supply control for the capacitive pulse load can be realized by controlling the isolating switch 6, so as to save a power conversion.
参见图2，隔离开关6包括（电流）采样电阻61（R1）、NMOS管62（即N型MOS管或功率开关管）和电荷泄放电阻63（R2）。NMOS管62位于隔离开关6的主电路上，这样，通过对NMOS管62的G极和S极施加电压从而进行开通、关断控制即可实现对容性脉冲负载的开关机和缓启动控制。电荷泄放电阻63的两端分别连接NMOS管62的G极和S极。NMOS管62的栅极驱动电压VGS由升压电路(电荷泵等)采集电压Vo后变换得到，升压电路可采用隔离或者非隔离升压变换器，电压一般为12V左右，需求功率约20mW。Referring to FIG. 2 , the isolation switch 6 includes a (current) sampling resistor 61 ( R1 ), an NMOS transistor 62 (that is, an N-type MOS transistor or a power switch transistor) and a charge discharge resistor 63 ( R2 ). The NMOS transistor 62 is located on the main circuit of the isolating switch 6. In this way, switching on and off of the capacitive pulse load and slow start control can be realized by applying voltage to the G pole and S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 to perform on and off control. Both ends of the charge discharge resistor 63 are respectively connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 . The gate driving voltage VGS of the NMOS transistor 62 is acquired by a boost circuit (charge pump, etc.) and converted after collecting the voltage Vo. The boost circuit can use an isolated or non-isolated boost converter, the voltage is generally about 12V, and the required power is about 20mW.
参见图3，隔离开关6还包括差分放大器64和电流调节器66。串接的采样电阻61的两端分别连接差分放大器64的同相输入端和反相输入端，采样电压分别为Vs1和Vs2。如此，对电压Vs1和Vs2的差分采样后，将差分信号放大并与设定基准值Iref（由外部基准电路提供）比较，比较结果经过电流调节器66处理，以对NMOS管62的G极和S极的电压进行调节控制，从而实现对启动电流的控制，防止出现容性负载开机电流过大而导致前级电源的短路保护问题。Referring to FIG. 3 , the isolation switch 6 further includes a differential amplifier 64 and a current regulator 66 . Both ends of the serially connected sampling resistor 61 are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier 64, and the sampling voltages are Vs1 and Vs2 respectively. In this way, after the differential sampling of the voltages Vs1 and Vs2, the differential signal is amplified and compared with the set reference value Iref (provided by the external reference circuit), and the comparison result is processed by the current regulator 66 to control the G pole of the NMOS transistor 62 and The voltage of the S pole is adjusted and controlled, so as to realize the control of the start-up current, and prevent the short-circuit protection problem of the front-end power supply caused by the excessive start-up current of the capacitive load.
参见图4，隔离开关6还包括电压比较器65，电压比较器65的同相输入端连接非隔离电源3的输出端，用于检测非隔离电源3输出电压V2，电压比较器65的反相输入端接入基准电压Vref（由外部基准电路提供）。电压比较器65的输出端连接NMOS管62的G极和S极。电压比较器65所采集的非脉冲负载输出电压V2与参考电压Vref进行比较，对NMOS管62的栅极电压VGS进行控制，可实现对容性负载供电以及对电压V1的输出延时和互锁控制。Referring to Fig. 4, the isolation switch 6 also includes a voltage comparator 65, the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 65 is connected to the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply 3 for detecting the output voltage V2 of the non-isolated power supply 3, and the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 65 The terminal is connected to the reference voltage Vref (provided by an external reference circuit). The output terminal of the voltage comparator 65 is connected to the G pole and the S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 . The non-pulse load output voltage V2 collected by the voltage comparator 65 is compared with the reference voltage Vref, and the gate voltage VGS of the NMOS transistor 62 is controlled to realize the power supply for the capacitive load and the output delay and interlock of the voltage V1 control.
参见图5，非隔离电源3（非隔离升压变换器）的输出端连接NMOS管62的G极和S极，以提供驱动电压。同时，非隔离电源3和NMOS管62之间还设有限流电阻7（R3）。Referring to FIG. 5 , the output terminal of the non-isolated power supply 3 (non-isolated boost converter) is connected to the G pole and S pole of the NMOS transistor 62 to provide a driving voltage. At the same time, a current limiting resistor 7 (R3) is also provided between the non-isolated power supply 3 and the NMOS transistor 62 .
综上所述，本发明采用分布式准两级功率变换供电方法，将二次电源按功能电路划分，通过隔离开关6实现对容性脉冲负载的开关机、限流和缓启动，由于脉冲载荷需求功率较大，在省去一级功率变换后，可有效提高电源系统的供电效率，从而降低整星的建造成本。同时，使二次电源的后级隔离开关6和非隔离电源3靠近脉冲载荷端为之提供相应电压，从而可有效解决负载端电压不稳定问题，还能进一步降低对散热的要求。In summary, the present invention adopts a distributed quasi-two-stage power conversion power supply method, divides the secondary power supply according to functional circuits, and realizes switching, current limiting and slow start of the capacitive pulse load through the isolating switch 6. Due to the pulse load demand The power is relatively large, and after saving the first stage of power conversion, the power supply efficiency of the power supply system can be effectively improved, thereby reducing the construction cost of the entire star. At the same time, make the post-stage isolating switch 6 of the secondary power supply and the non-isolated power supply 3 close to the pulse load end to provide corresponding voltages, thereby effectively solving the problem of voltage instability at the load end and further reducing the heat dissipation requirements.
以上所述仅为本发明的一个实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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