WO2022223814A1 - Composition pharmaceutique et nutraceutique comprenant un mélange de plantes pour la prevention et le traitement de maladies neurodegeneratives - Google Patents
Composition pharmaceutique et nutraceutique comprenant un mélange de plantes pour la prevention et le traitement de maladies neurodegeneratives Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022223814A1 WO2022223814A1 PCT/EP2022/060761 EP2022060761W WO2022223814A1 WO 2022223814 A1 WO2022223814 A1 WO 2022223814A1 EP 2022060761 W EP2022060761 W EP 2022060761W WO 2022223814 A1 WO2022223814 A1 WO 2022223814A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/20—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids
- A61K31/202—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids having three or more double bonds, e.g. linolenic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/32—Burseraceae (Frankincense family)
- A61K36/324—Boswellia, e.g. frankincense
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/54—Lauraceae (Laurel family), e.g. cinnamon or sassafras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/61—Myrtaceae (Myrtle family), e.g. teatree or eucalyptus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/83—Thymelaeaceae (Mezereum family), e.g. leatherwood or false ohelo
- A61K36/835—Aquilaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/89—Cyperaceae (Sedge family)
- A61K36/8905—Cyperus (flatsedge)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields and, more specifically, to a composition comprising as active ingredient at least one extract from a combination of plants.
- composition according to the invention is used for the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer's disease.
- AD Alzheimer's disease
- a neurodegenerative disease of brain tissue that mainly affects people over the age of 65.
- other risk factors have been incriminated such as genetic factors or even environmental factors.
- This disease is characterized by a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system associated with a significant loss of specific neuronal cells. It manifests clinically in a progressive loss of the patient's memory, cognition, reasoning, judgment and emotional stability which gradually leads to profound mental deterioration and ultimately death.
- Alzheimer's disease constitutes a major public health issue given the progressive aging of the population and the absence of curative treatments to date. In the United States, up to four million people suffer from Alzheimer's disease with no less than 100,000 deaths per year.
- amyloid plaques or senile plaques
- neurofibrillary degeneration or neurofibrillary tangles
- amyloid plaques are made up of a peptide, called Ab, which derives from a precursor protein called APP.
- Ab a peptide
- APP a precursor protein
- neurofibrillary degeneration it consists of an accumulation, in the form of fibers and inside the neurons, of another protein, the Tau protein, which is then in an abnormal form.
- any substance reducing Ab neurotoxicity may be useful as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine
- NMDA receptor antagonists such as memantine.
- these drugs only treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and only modestly slow the progression of the disease.
- taking these drugs is often accompanied by significant side effects such as nausea, diarrhea and liver problems. There is therefore an urgent need to develop new alternatives.
- This AT000 extract comes from the extraction of an equimassic mixture of plants consisting of Syzygium aromaticum, Santalum album, Aquilaria malaccensis, Boswellia carterii, Cyperus rotundus, Styrax benzoin, Liquidambar orientalis, Saussurea costus and of Dryobalanops aromatica.
- the inventors have identified three extracts possessing a protective effect against the neurotoxicity of Abs from a design of formulation experiments based on the optimization of antioxidant activity (DPPH test, radical scavenging activity of the extract ) of different formulas based on 9 plants:
- the present invention relates to a composition comprising extract la, lb or 2.
- a first object of the invention relates to a composition, which may be pharmaceutical or nutraceutical, comprising an extract derived from a mixture of plants consisting of Syzygium aromaticum, Santalum album, Aquilaria malaccensis, Boswellia carterii, Cyperus rotundus, Styrax benzoin, Liquidambar orientalis, Cinnamomum camphora and Saussurea costus.
- Another object of the invention relates to a composition as defined above for use as a medicament.
- Another subject relates to a composition as defined above for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a neurodegenerative disease, preferably Alzheimer's disease, in mammals, preferably in humans.
- a neurodegenerative disease preferably Alzheimer's disease
- Another object of the invention relates to an edible oil comprising at least 0.5% (by weight relative to the total weight of the oil) of a composition as mentioned above, preferably at least 1% or 2% .
- a final object of the invention relates to a functional drink produced by diluting a glycerinated macerate with water in a 1:10 ratio.
- Figure 1 Effect of different extracts and donepezil (DPZ) on a mouse model of spatial working memory.
- Figure 2 Effect of different extracts and donepezil on a mouse model of long-term contextual memory.
- Figure 4 UHPLC-DAD analysis at 254 nm (a) of the extract 1b from a decoction extraction of a mixture of plants in a hydroalcoholic mixture; (b) macerate 1b resulting from an extraction by maceration of a mixture of plants in 100% glycerine; (c) macerate lb resulting from an extraction by maceration of a mixture of plants in an equal volume mixture of glycerin / ethanol.
- Figure 5 UHPLC-DAD analysis at 325 nm (a) of the extract 1b from a decoction extraction of a mixture of plants in a hydroalcoholic mixture; (b) macerate 1b resulting from an extraction by maceration of a mixture of plants in 100% glycerin; (c) macerate 1b resulting from an extraction by maceration of a mixture of plants in an equal volume mixture of glycerin/ethanol.
- Figure 7 Study of the extraction kinetics: UHPLC-DAD analysis at 325 nm of macerate 1b at different times T during maceration in 100% glycerine.
- Figure 8 Neuronal survival of a primary culture of cortical neurons treated with Ab 1-42 followed by the composition according to the invention.
- Figure 9 Total network of neurites in a primary culture of cortical neurons treated with Ab 1-42 followed by the composition according to the invention
- Figure 10 Neuronal survival of a primary culture of cortical neurons treated with Ab 1-42 followed by DHA.
- Figure 11 Total neurite network in primary culture of cortical neurons treated with Ab 1-42 followed by DHA.
- the inventors have now developed a composition comprising an extract derived from a specific mixture of plants which makes it possible to protect against the neurotoxicity of the Ab.
- extract refers to a substance extracted from a natural product, regardless of its method of extraction or the composition of the ingredients. For example, this includes those obtained by extracting soluble ingredients from a natural product using water, glycerin or an organic solvent, or those obtained by extracting specific ingredients only, such as oil (eg olive oil).
- the extraction processes are well known to those skilled in the art and consist in particular of a decoction, an infusion or a maceration of parts of plants (buds, roots, leaves, etc.), crushed or not, in an extraction solvent appropriate.
- the extract is obtained by decoction using a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, a linear or branched alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acetate of ethyl, dichloromethane, acetone, glycerin and mixtures thereof.
- a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, a linear or branched alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acetate of ethyl, dichloromethane, acetone, glycerin and mixtures thereof.
- the extract is obtained by decoction using glycerin, a hydroalcoholic mixture or a glycerinated hydroalcoholic mixture, more preferably using a hydroalcoholic mixture.
- the extract is obtained by maceration of the plant mixture at room temperature in 100% glycerin or in an equal volume mixture of glycerin and ethanol, preferably by maceration in 100% glycerin.
- the extract thus obtained is also called macerate.
- the maceration of the mixture of plants in glycerin is carried out between 30° C. and 50° C., preferably at 40° C., for 30 minutes to 5 hours, preferably between 1 and 4 hours, in particular 2 hours, preferably in 100% of glycerine or in an equal volume mixture of glycerine and ethanol, preferably by maceration in 100% glycerine.
- the extract thus obtained is also called macerate.
- the extract is not a dry extract, preferably the extract is obtained by maceration in glycerin, more preferably the extract is obtained by maceration in vegetable glycerin.
- dry extract a solid extract obtained after evaporation of the solvent used for its extraction.
- glycerin is meant glycerin of vegetable origin or glycerin of animal origin, preferably glycerin of vegetable origin.
- hydroalcoholic mixture is meant a mixture of water and alcohol, preferably a mixture composed of 70% water and 30% alcohol.
- hydroalcoholic glycerin mixture is meant a mixture of water, alcohol and glycerin, preferably a mixture composed of 35% water, 15% alcohol and 50% glycerin.
- decoction is meant an extraction process in which the mixture of plants is placed in the presence of a solvent and then heated to the boiling point of the latter for several hours before being filtered.
- the filtrate thus obtained constitutes the extract of the plant mixture.
- the boiling point will be that of the azeotrope formed.
- Clove or Cloves is a species of plant in the Myrtaceae family and in the Syzygium genus. Clove trees are trees native to Indonesia whose flower buds form a spice called cloves. Preferably, the herbal mixture uses buds of Syzygium aromaticum. In the case where the extract does not comprise an equimassic mixture of plants, the mixture has a content of between 25 and 55% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) in Syzygium aromaticum, preferably between 30 and 50%.
- White Sandalwood (Santalum album) is a tropical tree of the Santalaceae family and of the Santalum genus. It is the best known source of sandalwood. This species is mainly native to southern India in Sri Lanka, Australia and the Malay Archipelago.
- the plant mixture uses wood from Santalum album, and particularly preferably heartwood (heartwood) from Santalum album.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) in Santalum album, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- Aquilaria malaccensis also known as aloewood, Malacca eaglewood or agarwood, is a rainforest tree belonging to the genus Aquilaria and is in the family Thymeleaceae. This species is mainly native to Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Sri, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.
- Aquilaria malaccensis produces in the heartwood a particular resin, fragrant in reaction to certain physical attacks (injuries, fire) or biological attacks (attacks by xylophagous insects, bacteria and fungi). This resin is widely used in traditional medicine and perfumery.
- the plant mixture uses wood from Aquilaria malaccensis and, particularly preferably, heartwood (heartwood) from Aquilaria malaccensis.
- the mixture has a content of between 15 and 30% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of Aquilaria malaccensis, preferably between 18 and 24%.
- the frankincense tree Boswellia carterii belongs to the Boswellia genus and the Burseraceae family. This tree is mainly native to Yemen and Somalia.
- the resin of this tree is one of the oldest fragrant and medicinal resins known worldwide. It has been widely used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine.
- the herbal mixture uses Boswellia carterii resin.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of Boswellia carterii resin, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) is a species of monocotyledonous plant in the Cyperaceae family. It is a perennial herbaceous plant with rhizomes and tubers. It is also known as Asian Tigernut, Tigernut, Onion Grass or Tuberous Tigernut. Originally from India, this species has gradually developed from Africa to the south of Europe to extend over a large part of the planet. The tubers are used for medicinal and food purposes. Preferably, the herbal mixture uses Cyperus rotundus buds.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of Cyperus rotundus buds, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- Styrax benzoin is a species of tree native to Sumatra, Indonesia, of the genus Styrax and belonging to the family Styracaceae. This tree produces a balsamic resin (benzoin) with a slightly vanilla smell. This resin is widely used in tropical Asia for its fragrance and its action on well-being.
- the herbal mixture uses Styrax benzoin resin.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of Styrax benzoin resin, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- Liquidambar orientalis also known as oriental sweetgum, is a tree of the family Hamamelidaceae (or Altingiaceae according to the phylogenetic classification). It is a deciduous tree of the genus Liquidambar. Native to the eastern Mediterranean region, this species occurs mainly in the floodplains of southeastern Turkey and on the Greek island of Rhodes. Its resin is widely used as incense or in perfumery. Preferably, the herbal mixture uses resin from Liquidambar orientalis.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of Liquidambar orientalis resin, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- the Camphor tree, camphor tree, Shiu wood or Chinese laurel are the various names of Cinnamomum camphora, a species of tree of the Lauraceae family native to China, Taiwan and Japan, which has become naturalized everywhere on other continents.
- the leaves and young twigs are distilled to obtain essential oils containing camphor.
- the herbal mixture uses Cinnamomum camphora leaves.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of Cinnamomum camphora leaves, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- Saussurea costus is a tall, hardy herbaceous perennial in the Asteraceae family. Originally from Asia (Himalayas, Kashmir, India, Pakistan), it is often cultivated for its medicinal properties. Preferably, the plant mixture uses the roots of Saussurea costus.
- the mixture has a content of between 5 and 9% (by weight relative to the total weight of the plant mixture) of roots of Saussurea costus, preferably between 6 and 8%.
- the content of extract in the composition according to the invention is between 0.1% and 90% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the content of extract in the composition will be between 20% and 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the extract content in the composition will rather be between 0.1% and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, more preferably between 0 5% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the composition can allow daily administration of an extract of the mixture of plants from 62.5 mg in mice and from 625 mg in humans.
- composition according to the invention is characterized in that the extract is obtained from a mixture of plants which has:
- composition according to the invention can be in the form of solid dry extract, of resin, of emulsion or in liquid form.
- composition according to the invention can be in the form of flavored oil, syrup, tablets, capsules, powder, capsules, sticks, sachets, ampoules, droppers or in the form injectable.
- the composition according to the invention is in the form of a capsule, an oil or a functional drink
- the capsule is a “vegetable” capsule.
- Such a particular vegetable capsule can be made simply, in particular with a cellulose-based envelope (Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, or “HPMC”, or even “Hypromellose”); to which the cellulose can be added with natural dye, so as to obtain the envelope having the desired properties.
- a cellulose-based envelope Hydropropylmethylcellulose, or “HPMC”, or even “Hypromellose”
- the composition according to the invention has a proportion of Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose of between 50 and 150 mg, for example between 75 and 125 mg.
- the capsule As such, its weight is ideally between 0.25 and 0.75 grams/capsule to benefit from an easily ingestible capsule and, by extension, a good grip by the subject.
- Said envelope may also also comprise opacifying agents.
- Other pharmaceutically and/or food-acceptable agents can be added, such as antioxidants, bulking agents, fluidizers, natural extracts, minerals, trace elements, amino acids, fatty acids, anti-caking agents , natural oils, flavorings, colorings, acidifiers, thickeners, preservatives and sweeteners.
- antioxidant agents mention may be made of polyphenols, in particular in the form of plant extracts (extracts of green tea, grape, ginseng), vitamin C, in particular in the form of plant extracts ( acerola, pomegranate, citrus extract), or even vitamin E, in particular in the form of plant extracts; or their derivatives.
- microcrystalline cellulose By way of examples of bulking agents, mention may be made of microcrystalline cellulose, potato maltodextrin or even magnesium lactate, preferably microcrystalline cellulose.
- fluidizers mention may be made of magnesium silicate, magnesium stearate or even colloidal silica.
- minerals or trace elements mention may be made of magnesium, iodine, iron, copper, zinc, selenium, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, silicon, vanadium, nickel or tin.
- amino acids mention may be made of alanine, cysteine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, phenylalanine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, leucine, methionine, asparagine, proline, glutamine, arginine, serine, threonine, valine, tryptophan or tyrosine.
- fatty acids examples include unsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 or omega-6.
- composition according to the invention comprises at least one fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 family.
- composition according to the invention comprises docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) which is an unsaturated fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 family
- DHA docosahexaenoic acid
- the DHA content in the composition is adjusted so as to allow a daily administration of 250 mg which constitutes the recommended dose.
- anti-caking agents usually used in the food industry, mention may be made of magnesium stearate (E470b), silicon dioxide (E551) and colloidal silica.
- a thickener As an example of a thickener, mention may be made of potato starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, citrus pectin, guar gum, locust bean gum, agar-agar, konjac, hydrogenated oils or more beeswax.
- citric acid By way of example of acidifiers, mention may be made of citric acid.
- sweeteners mention may be made, inter alia, of xylitol, aspartame, glucose syrup, fructooligosaccharide syrup, maltitol powder or syrup, acesulfame potassium, fructooligosaccharide and sodium cyclamate.
- curcumins E100
- carminic acid E120
- erythrosine E127
- chlorophylls and chlorophyllins E140
- copper-chlorophyll and chlorophyllin complexes E141
- caramel E150
- carotenoids E160
- anthocyanins E163
- calcium carbonate E170
- iron oxide and hydroxide E172
- even orcein E182
- preservatives examples include potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate or ascorbyl palmitate (antioxidant). Now, all these compounds are in no way limiting of the pharmaceutically and food-acceptable agents that can be added to the composition according to the invention and other agents can be envisaged.
- composition as defined above can be used in the manufacture of an edible oil and/or a functional drink.
- the composition according to the invention is an edible oil (for example olive oil) or a functional drink.
- composition according to the invention has a content of at least 0.5% (by weight relative to the total weight) of a composition as defined above, preferably at least 1% or 2%.
- edible oil any oil capable of being used in food, namely olive oil, sesame oil, walnut oil, rapeseed oil, grape seed oil, sunflower oil or mixtures thereof.
- functional drink we mean all non-alcoholic drinks which allow the consumer in addition to hydration but also to improve his well-being and his health, or which can even reduce the risk of disease. These include sports drinks, energy drinks, smart drinks, ready-to-drink (RTD) coffees and teas, enhanced waters.
- RTD ready-to-drink
- composition as defined as a medicament
- the latter is administered in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.
- pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle any vehicle which does not interfere with the effectiveness of the biological activity of the composition or of the extract according to the invention and which is not toxic for the host to which the composition or extract according to the invention is administered.
- composition for preventing and/or treating a neurodegenerative disease in a subject it is preferably a mammal and, particularly preferably, a human.
- neurodegenerative diseases these are advantageously Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
- Example 1 The invention is illustrated by examples.
- Example 1 The invention is illustrated by examples.
- Example 1 The invention is illustrated by examples.
- Plant extracts A - Extraction method
- a total of 175g of a pre-ground equimassic mixture of Syzygium aromaticum buds, Santalum album heartwood (heartwood), Aquilaria malaccensis heartwood (heartwood), Boswellia carterii resin, Cyperus rotundus, Styrax benzoin resin, Liquidambar orientalis resin, Saussurea costus roots and Dryobalanops aromatica resin is extracted with the equivalent of 10 volumes of a water/ethanol mixture (70:30, v/v ) at 80-85°C using a reflux condenser for 3 h. The extract is then filtered under vacuum using a Büchner flask and evaporated using a rotary evaporator at 60°C. A resin is thus obtained.
- a total of 175g of a pre-ground equimassic mixture of Syzygium aromaticum buds, Santalum album heartwood (heartwood), Aquilaria malaccensis heartwood (heartwood), Boswellia carterii resin, Cyperus rotundus, Styrax benzoin resin, Liquidambar orientalis resin, Saussurea costus roots and Cinnamomum camphora leaves is extracted with the equivalent of 10 volumes of a water/ethanol mixture (70:30, v/v ) at 80-85°C using a reflux condenser for 3 h.
- the extract is then filtered under vacuum using a Büchner flask and evaporated using a rotary evaporator at 60°C.
- a resin is thus obtained.
- Extract 1b obtained by decoction of a mixture of plants in a hydroalcoholic medium
- Extract lb is obtained according to a protocol identical to that for obtaining extract la, with the difference that 5 equivalents of buds of the Syzygium aromaticum plant and 3 equivalents of heartwood (heartwood) of the Aquilaria malaccensis plant are used instead of an equivalent. The other plants are used as above up to one equivalent. A resin is thus obtained.
- Extract 2 obtained by decoction of a mixture of plants in a hydroalcoholic medium Extract 2 is obtained according to a protocol identical to that allowing extract 1b (Ac) to be obtained, except that the plant mixture allowing extract 2 to be obtained does not contain Saussurea costus. A resin is thus obtained.
- Macerate lb is obtained by maceration from buds of Syzygium aromaticum (5 equiv.), heartwood (heartwood) of Santalum album (1 equiv.), heartwood (heartwood) of Aquilaria malaccensis (3 equiv. .), Boswellia carterii resin (1 equiv.), Cyperus rotundus buds (1 equiv.), Styrax benzoin resin (1 equiv.), Liquidambar orientalis resin (1 equiv.), Saussurea costus (1 equiv.) and Cinnamomum camphora leaves (1 equiv.) in 100% vegetable glycerin at room temperature for 3 h protected from light. The mixture is extracted with the equivalent in weight of 1 mass of dried and ground plants for 4 volumes of vegetable glycerin (ratio 1:4). The macerate is regularly mixed. The extract is then filtered under vacuum using a Büchner flask.
- the protocol is identical to point (A-e) except for the maceration solvent which is composed of an ethanol/vegetable glycerine mixture with a volume ratio of 50/50 and the same ratio of plants to solvent by weight of 1:4.
- a stock solution was prepared: 10.0 mg of control was placed in a 10 mL volumetric flask. After solubilization in about 3 mL of methanol using ultrasound, the solution was adjusted to the line of the gauge with the same solvent. Dilutions were prepared at 100, 20, 10, 5 and 1 ue/mL. Each dilution was filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m filter before being injected. - Preparation of samples to be analyzed
- the glycerine extract was diluted to 10th with ethanol. 100 ⁇ L of the extract was mixed with 900 ⁇ L of ethanol using a vortex. 2 mL of this solution were filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m filter before being injected.
- the chemical profile of the various extracts 1b was determined by means of analysis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array UV detector and coupled to a mass spectrometer.
- a Kinetex Polar C18 column (150 ⁇ 4.6 mm; 2.6 ⁇ m) is used for the separation of compounds.
- the mobile phase consists of water acidified at 0.1% (volume/volume) by formic acid as solvent A and acetonitrile acidified at 0.1% (volume/volume) by formic acid as solvent B.
- the elution gradient is as follows: 0-2 min 15% B, 2-14 min 15-100% B, 14-17 min 100% B, 17-17.01 min 100-15% B, 17.01-20 min 15% B.
- the flow and the column oven are set to 0.5 m L/min and 40°C, respectively.
- the analysis is carried out using 2 pL of the samples to be analyzed.
- the chromatograms obtained provide information on the diversity of the molecules present in the extract 1b resulting from the different types of extraction A-(c), A-(e), A-(f).
- the inventors were also able to identify 5 other compounds common to these 3 extracts 1b: isobiflorin, biflorin, vanillin, benzoic acid and eugenol (FIG. 4 (b)).
- the calibration curve of the two standards are linear ( Figure 6) with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.999.
- the deviations from back-calculated concentrations are less than 5%.
- the glycerinated maceras sampled at TO, T1h, T2h, TBh, T4h, T5h, T6h and T24h were prepared according to the preparation method described in part B.2-(b) and are analyzed according to the analysis method described in part B.3—The results of the chromatographic profiles at 325 nm of the various samples are presented in Figure 7. These results indicate that the maximum vanillin concentration is reached after 2 hours of maceration.
- mice Male Swiss mice, 6 weeks old and weighing 30-35 g, from JANVIER LABS are used throughout the study. Mice are housed in groups with free access to food and water except during behavioral experiments. The mice are kept in an animal facility at controlled temperature and humidity, under a light/dark cycle of 12 h (light off at 7:00 p.m.). Mice are numbered by marking their tails with a permanent marker. All animal procedures are carried out in strict compliance with the European Union directives of September 22, 2010 (2010/63/EU). 2. Method of Treatment a) Administration procedure of Ab25-35 peptide and mutated Ab25-35 peptide
- a homogeneous oligomeric preparation of the Ab25-35 peptide and of the mutated Ab25-35 peptide (negative control) was carried out according to a procedure belonging to AMYLGEN.
- the preparations were dissolved in sterile distilled water at a concentration of 3 mg/mL, then stored at -20°C until use. Prior to injection, the peptides were aggregated by incubation at 37°C for 4 days.
- Each mouse is anesthetized for 5 min with 2.5% isoflurane before receiving, by means of a 26-gauge stainless steel syringe, a gradual injection, lasting 30 s, of 3 ⁇ L of the peptide Ab25- 35 (9 mmol/mouse) or mutated and inactive Ab25-35 peptide (9 mmol/mouse) in the right lateral ventricle of the brain according to a method already described.
- the syringe needle is held at the injection site for an additional 30 seconds before being withdrawn.
- mice received, at 10:00 a.m., a single intracerebroventricular injection of 3 pL (3 mg/mL) of the Ab25-35 oligomeric peptide or of the mutated Ab25-35 peptide (negative control) b) Donepezil administration procedure ( reference) and plant extracts AT000, la, lb and 2 obtained by decoction in an aqueous-alcoholic mixture.
- the vehicle 5% solution of DMSO in water
- the extracts AT000, la, lb, or 2 are administered to the mice twice a day by force-feeding (per os), once at 9 a.m. and once at 5 p.m.
- Each extract is dissolved in an aqueous solution of DMSO at 5% and is freshly prepared just before each gavage administration.
- Donepezil (reference) is also administered orally (1 mg/kg) but only once a day (9:00 a.m.), from D-14 to D 10, after having been dissolved in water beforehand.
- the volume of solution administered per mouse is calculated according to the individual weight of each mouse (5 mL/kg).
- mice The long-term non-spatial memory of the mice is assessed using a passive avoidance procedure which takes place in two stages. The first part of the test takes place on D9 and is a so-called learning phase. The 2nd part takes place on D10 and is a so-called retention phase. c) Euthanasia of mice
- mice On D 10, immediately after the passive avoidance retention session, the mice are decapitated. The hippocampus and cortex of each group of mice are quickly removed, weighed and stored in liquid nitrogen until analysis.
- mice are tested for spontaneous alternation performance in the Y-maze, an index of spatial working memory.
- the Y-maze is made of gray polyvinyl chloride. Each arm is 40cm long, 13cm high, 3cm wide at the bottom, 10cm wide at the top and converges at an equal angle.
- Each mouse is placed at arm's length and allowed to move freely through the maze for an 8-minute session.
- An alternation is defined as entries into all three arms on consecutive occasions.
- the maximum number of alternations is therefore the total number of arm entries minus two and the percentage of alternation is calculated as follows:
- Parameters include alternation percentage (memory index) and total number of arm entries (crawl index).
- the test apparatus consists of a box with two compartments (15 x 20 x 15 cm high), one of which is illuminated by white polyvinyl chloride walls and the other darkened by black polyvinyl chloride walls and with a grid on the ground.
- a guillotine door separates the two compartments.
- a 60 W lamp positioned 40 cm above the device illuminates the white compartment during the experiment.
- random electric shocks of 0.3 mA are delivered to the paws for 3 seconds thanks to a random electric generator (Lafayette Instruments, Lafayette, USA).
- the 1st phase of the experience takes place on D10.
- the guillotine door is initially closed during the training session. Each mouse is placed in the white compartment. After 5 seconds, the door will lift. When the mouse enters the dark compartment and puts all its paws on the grid, the door closes and the random electric shock is delivered to the paws for 3 seconds.
- the latency time before entering the dark compartment and the number of vocalizations are recorded. The number of vocalizations did not differ between groups indicating that all animals received the electric shock equally Animals for which the latency time during the training session is less than 10 seconds are discarded from the experiment.
- the 2nd phase of the experience is carried out 24 hours after the 1st phase.
- Each mouse is returned to the white compartment.
- the door separating the two compartments is lifted after 5 seconds.
- the latency of entry into the dark compartment is recorded for a duration of 300 seconds.
- the number of entries and the escape time i.e. the time taken to return to the white compartment, are measured over 300 seconds.
- the animals which exhibit latency times during the retention session of less than 10 seconds are discarded from the experiment. The results are shown in Figure 2.
- Spatial working memory is assessed using a Y-maze spontaneous alternation test.
- the injection of the Ab25-35 peptide very significantly alters the spatial working memory of the mice compared to that of the mice having received only the injection of the mutated Ab25-35 peptide (negative control)
- extract 2 extract 2: 78% vs Ab25-35: 64%).
- plant Saussurea costus is essential in the composition of the extract to obtain optimal protection of the cognitive performance of intoxicated mice (at 250mg/kg, extract 2: 78% vs extract lb: 100%).
- the plant extract AT000 and the plant extract lb induce a neuroprotective effect comparable to that of Donepezil when a daily dose of 250 mg/kg of one of these extracts is administered to poisoned mice according to the method treatment previously defined.
- the administration in poisoned mice of a lower dose of the 1b extract (62.5 mg/kg versus 250 mg/kg) slightly reduces the efficacy of this extract on the deleterious effects of the Ab25-35 peptide, nevertheless this efficacy is of the same order of magnitude as that of extract 2 when the latter is administered at 250 mg.
- the measurement of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus of poisoned mice constitutes an index of the level of oxidative stress in this organ.
- mice intoxicated with the Ab25-35 peptide show a significant increase in lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus (+50% compared to the negative control, Figure 3).
- Memory impairment is the early hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and these results clearly show that the toxic effect of amyloid peptide Ab25-35 on behavioral and cognitive performance (including memory) is avoided or ameliorated by extracts la, lb and 2 of the invention obtained by decoction in an aqueous-alcoholic mixture.
- Rat cortical neurons will be cultured as described by Callizot et al., 2013; 2020.
- Female rats (Wistar) 15 days gestation will be killed using deep anesthesia with a C02 chamber and cervical dislocation. Briefly, the fetuses will be collected and immediately placed in ice-cold Leibovitz L15 medium with a solution of penicillin (10,000 U/mL) and streptomycin (10 mg/mL) at 2% (PS) and 1% albumin of bovine serum (BSA).
- the cortex will be treated for 20 min at 37°C with a trypsin-EDTA solution at a final concentration of 0.05% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA.
- Dissociation will be stopped by adding Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 4.5 g/L of glucose, containing DNAse I grade II (final concentration 0.5 mg/mL) and 10% of fetal bovine serum (FCS).
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- FCS fetal bovine serum
- the cells will be mechanically dissociated by three forced passages through the end of a 10 ml pipette. The cells will then be centrifuged at 515 xg for 10 minutes at 4°C. The supernatant is removed and the pellet is resuspended in a culture medium composed of Neurobasal medium with a solution of 2% B27 supplement, 2 mmol/litre of L-glutamine, 2% PS solution and 10 ng/mL of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
- BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- Viable cells will be counted in a Neubauer cytometer, using the trypan blue exclusion test.
- the cells will be seeded at a density of 25,000 per well in 96-well plates pre-coated with poly-L-lysine and will be cultured at 37°C in an air (95%) - C02 (5%) incubator.
- the medium will be changed every 2 days.
- the first and last columns as well as the first and last rows of the plate will not be used in the study. Empty wells will be filled with water.
- composition according to the invention DHA, BDNF
- glycerol a compound that will be dissolved in the culture medium (0.1% of glycerol maximum) and incubated for 1 hour before the lesion.
- A31-42 On day 11 of culture, cortical neurons will be injured with A31-42 solution.
- the preparation of A31-42 will be added at a final concentration of 15 mM (2 mM of oligomers, AbO) diluted in the control medium in the presence of the compounds, for 24 hours.
- the cortical neurons will be fixed with a cold solution of ethanol (95%) and acetic acid (5%) for 5 min at -20°C.
- the cells will be washed twice in PBS, then permeabilized. Non-specific sites will be blocked with a PBS solution containing 0.1% saponin and 1% FCS for 15 min at room temperature.
- the cultures will be incubated with a polyclonal chicken anti-microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2) antibody at a dilution of 1/1000 in PBS containing 1% fetal calf serum and 0.1% saponin (this antibody specifically stains cell bodies and neurites, allowing the study of neuronal cell death and the neurite network).
- MAP-2 polyclonal chicken anti-microtubule-associated protein 2
- This antibody will be revealed with a secondary antibody coupled to Alexa Fluor at a 1/400 dilution in PBS containing 1% FCS, 0.1% saponin, for 1 hour at room temperature.
- the cell nuclei will be counterstained with a Hoechst solution (Sigma, 1/1000). Automatic analysis by computer
- composition according to the invention has neuroprotective effects of 0.3 pg/mL to 7.5 pg/mL (plate 1).
- DHA 50% extract
- the tested form of the composition according to the invention is the glycerinated form which comprises methyl cinnamate.
- the results suggest that the glycerinated liquid form of the composition according to the invention could be a good candidate for joint pain since it is known in the literature that methyl cinnamate has demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory activity with less cytotoxicity and good pro-inflammatory activity.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/287,342 US20240197804A1 (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-22 | Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical composition comprising a mixture of plants for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases |
| EP22724753.3A EP4326301A1 (fr) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-22 | Composition pharmaceutique et nutraceutique comprenant un mélange de plantes pour la prevention et le traitement de maladies neurodegeneratives |
| CN202280035686.0A CN117957008A (zh) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-04-22 | 用于预防和治疗神经系统变性疾病的包含植物混合物的药物组合物和营养组合物 |
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| FR2104264A FR3122085B1 (fr) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Compositions pharmaceutique et nutraceutique pour la prevention et le traitement de maladies neurodegeneratives |
| FRFR2104264 | 2021-04-23 |
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| WO2022223814A1 true WO2022223814A1 (fr) | 2022-10-27 |
| WO2022223814A9 WO2022223814A9 (fr) | 2022-12-15 |
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| US (1) | US20240197804A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4326301A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018038292A1 (fr) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-01 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Composition pharmaceutique contenant comme principe actif un extrait de cinnamomum camphora et destinée à la prévention et au traitement de maladies neurologiques |
-
2021
- 2021-04-23 FR FR2104264A patent/FR3122085B1/fr active Active
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- 2022-04-22 CN CN202280035686.0A patent/CN117957008A/zh active Pending
- 2022-04-22 US US18/287,342 patent/US20240197804A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-22 WO PCT/EP2022/060761 patent/WO2022223814A1/fr not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018038292A1 (fr) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-01 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Composition pharmaceutique contenant comme principe actif un extrait de cinnamomum camphora et destinée à la prévention et au traitement de maladies neurologiques |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| HONG YOON KI ET AL: "Neuroprotective effect of SuHeXiang Wan in Drosophila models of Alzheimer's disease", JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, vol. 134, no. 3, 1 April 2011 (2011-04-01), IE, pages 1028 - 1032, XP055863869, ISSN: 0378-8741, DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.02.012 * |
| ISKANDAR ET AL., CHEMISTRY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS, vol. 3, no. 2, 2018, pages 36 - 59 |
| ISKANDAR S. ET AL: "Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Activities of a Plant Extract Derived from Traditional Chinese Medicine: SuHeXiang Wan (AT000)", 1 June 2018 (2018-06-01), XP055863833, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326711408_Chemistry_of_Advanced_Materials_32_2018_36-59_Antioxidant_Anti-inflammatory_and_Neuroprotective_Activities_of_a_Plant_Extract_Derived_from_Traditional_Chinese_Medicine_SuHeXiang_Wan_AT000> [retrieved on 20211122] * |
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| US20240197804A1 (en) | 2024-06-20 |
| FR3122085A1 (fr) | 2022-10-28 |
| CN117957008A (zh) | 2024-04-30 |
| EP4326301A1 (fr) | 2024-02-28 |
| WO2022223814A9 (fr) | 2022-12-15 |
| FR3122085B1 (fr) | 2024-03-01 |
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