WO2022210659A1 - 培養物の製造方法及び細胞回収方法 - Google Patents
培養物の製造方法及び細胞回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/0068—General culture methods using substrates
- C12N5/0075—General culture methods using substrates using microcarriers
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/0652—Cells of skeletal and connective tissues; Mesenchyme
- C12N5/0662—Stem cells
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- C12N2533/00—Supports or coatings for cell culture, characterised by material
- C12N2533/70—Polysaccharides
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- C12N2537/00—Supports and/or coatings for cell culture characterised by physical or chemical treatment
- C12N2537/10—Cross-linking
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- C12N2539/00—Supports and/or coatings for cell culture characterised by properties
- C12N2539/10—Coating allowing for selective detachment of cells, e.g. thermoreactive coating
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to culture production methods, cell collection methods, kits, and cell-containing compositions.
- Cell culture includes plate culture in which adherent cells are grown in a monolayer on a plate-like culture carrier, and adhesion of adherent cells to the surface of a particulate culture carrier, resulting in a complex of the adherent cells and the culture carrier. It is roughly classified into suspension culture in which cells are cultured in a state of being suspended in a culture system. In suspension culture, the culture carrier functions as a scaffold for cell growth to efficiently increase cells, and after cell culture, the cells are collected by peeling from the culture carrier using an enzyme, a chelating agent, or the like. . Culture carriers that can be used for suspension culture include soluble and insoluble carriers.
- the culture carrier When using a soluble culture carrier, the culture carrier is dissolved after cell culture, and only the cells are collected using a filter or the like. Such suspension culture is preferably used in mass culture of cells. Soluble culture carriers have well-established dissolution methods suitable for their constituent components, and can be dissolved satisfactorily after cell culture according to the protocol.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2016-523086 discloses a cell culture article comprising a substrate containing a polygalacturonic acid compound such as pectic acid and an adhesive polymer on the surface of the substrate, and uses pectinase and a chelating agent. It has been proposed that the culture carrier is dissolved in the medium and the cells are easily harvested.
- the present disclosure provides a method for producing a culture with low contamination and high purity of adherent cells, a method for collecting cells, a kit suitable for these methods, and a cell-containing composition with high purity of adherent cells. be.
- Each embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows. [1] contacting an adherent cell with a soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cell to arrange the adherent cell on the surface of the soluble culture carrier; arranging on the surface of the soluble culture carrier; At least one part of the surface of the soluble culture carrier is removed from the surface of the soluble culture carrier in order to suspend-culture the adherent cells in the suspension culture from the surface of the soluble culture carrier. performing a denaturation treatment to denature the part, and after the denaturation treatment, separating the adherent cells from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the difference in size.
- a method of producing a culture comprising harvesting.
- [2] The method for producing a culture according to [1], wherein the soluble culture carrier contains polysaccharide, protein, or a combination thereof.
- [3] The soluble culture carrier according to [1] or [2], wherein the soluble culture carrier contains at least one selected from the group consisting of dextran, cellulose, collagen, gelatin, polygalacturonic acid, alginic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- a method for producing a culture [4] The method for producing a culture according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the soluble culture carrier is porous.
- [5] The method for producing a culture according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the denaturation treatment includes denaturing the soluble culture carrier with a surface denaturing agent.
- the denaturation treatment includes denaturing the soluble culture carrier with a surface denaturing agent.
- [8] The method for producing a culture according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the denatured soluble culture carrier has a minimum diameter exceeding 50 ⁇ m.
- [9] Prepare a cell suspension containing a cell complex comprising adherent cells and a soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells, wherein the adherent cells are arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- a denaturation treatment for denaturing at least a portion of the surface of the soluble culture carrier in order to detach the adherent cells from the surface of the soluble culture carrier for the cell complex in the cell suspension; and separating and recovering the adherent cells in the cell suspension from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the difference in size.
- Kit including instructions for use.
- a cell-containing composition which contains adherent cells and contains 30 or less dissolution residues of a soluble culture carrier having a size of 20 ⁇ m or less per 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells.
- a numerical range indicated using "-" indicates a range that includes the numerical values before and after "-" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
- the upper limit value or lower limit value of the numerical range in one step can be arbitrarily combined with the upper limit value or lower limit of the numerical range in another step.
- the upper or lower limits of the numerical ranges may be replaced with the values shown in the examples.
- the content of each component in the composition refers to the total amount of the multiple substances present in the composition when there are multiple substances corresponding to each component in the composition, unless otherwise specified.
- the term "process” includes not only an independent process, but also when the intended action of the process is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes. .
- An element refers to one or more elements unless otherwise specified.
- a method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes contacting adherent cells with a soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells to arrange the adherent cells on the surface of the soluble culture carrier; At least Performing a denaturation treatment to partially denature, and after the denaturation treatment, the adherent cells are separated and recovered from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the size difference.
- a denaturation treatment to partially denature and after the denaturation treatment, the adherent cells are separated and recovered from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the size difference.
- this method for producing a culture it is possible to obtain a culture with less contamination and high purity of adherent cells. That is, according to the present culture production method, in order to detach the adherent cells from the soluble culture carrier having the adherent cells on the surface, at least part of the surface is denatured instead of dissolving the entire soluble culture carrier. denaturation treatment is performed. Adherent cells, which use the surface of the soluble culture carrier as an adhesion scaffold, are thought to lose the adhesion scaffold due to denaturation treatment and detach from the surface of the culture carrier, but are not limited to this theory.
- the denaturation treatment only denatures the surface of the soluble culture carrier, a large amount of dissolution residue that occurs when the entire soluble culture carrier is dissolved does not occur, and the denatured soluble culture obtained after the denaturation treatment
- the size of the carrier is no smaller than the size of the adherent cells.
- the adherent cells can be separated and recovered from the denatured soluble culture carrier with high accuracy and ease.
- the resulting culture contains adherent cells, does not contain soluble culture carriers, and has a very low content of residues derived from soluble culture carriers. More specifically, the resulting culture has an extremely low content of residues such as undissolved residues that are produced when the soluble culture carrier is dissolved, and that are equivalent to or smaller than the size of the cells. preferable.
- a cell complex includes adherent cells and a soluble culture carrier, and means that the adherent cells are arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- Cell suspension means a liquid containing adherent cells.
- the method for producing the culture can include contacting the adherent cells with a soluble culture carrier that is larger than the size of the adherent cells and arranging the adherent cells on the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- Adherent cells may be cells that can be supported on the surface of a soluble culture carrier and that can promote cell growth while being placed on the surface of the soluble culture carrier. Adherent cells can be combined with an aqueous medium to form a cell suspension.
- the aqueous medium that constitutes the cell suspension may be medium, physiological saline, phosphate buffer, or the like.
- Cells are preferably animal-derived cells, more preferably mammalian-derived cells. Examples of mammals include humans, monkeys, chimpanzees, cows, pigs, horses, sheep, goats, rabbits, rats, mice, guinea pigs, dogs, cats and the like.
- the tissue from which cells are derived is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, skin, liver, kidney, muscle, bone, blood vessel, blood, nerve tissue, or the like.
- Cells may be primary cultured cells, cultured cell lines, recombinant cultured cell lines, and the like.
- Stem cells include, for example, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, neural stem cells, bone marrow stem cells, germ stem cells, somatic stem cells such as dental pulp stem cells, etc.
- Mesenchymal stem cells are preferred.
- Mesenchymal stem cells broadly mean somatic stem cells that exist in various tissues of individuals and are capable of differentiating into all or some of mesenchymal cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes.
- Examples of mesenchymal stem cells include bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
- stem cells include induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), embryonic stem cells (ES cells), embryonic germ stem cells (EG cells), pluripotent germ stem cells (mGS cells), and embryonic tumor cells (EC cells). , Muse cells and the like may also be used.
- iPS cells induced pluripotent stem cells
- ES cells embryonic stem cells
- EG cells embryonic germ stem cells
- mGS cells pluripotent germ stem cells
- EC cells embryonic tumor cells
- Muse cells and the like may also be used.
- Cells include, for example, endothelial cells, epidermal cells, epithelial cells, myocardial cells, myoblasts, nerve cells, osteocytes, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes, renal cells, pancreatic cells, and adrenal cells. , periodontal ligament cells, gingival cells, periosteal cells, skin cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, differentiated cells such as lymphocytes; progenitor cells in the previous stage from stem cells to these differentiated cells.
- the cells described above can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- a soluble culture carrier means a culture carrier composed of materials that can be decomposed by means such as enzymes and heat.
- the soluble culture carrier can carry adherent cells on its surface, and the adherent cells can be arranged on the surface to form a cell complex comprising the soluble culture carrier and the adherent cells.
- the soluble culture carrier has its surface denatured by a denaturation treatment to weaken the action of supporting adherent cells.
- a soluble culture carrier can be used without any particular limitation as long as its surface can be used as a scaffold for growth of adherent cells.
- Soluble culture carriers can include, for example, polysaccharides, proteins, polypeptides, or combinations thereof, preferably polysaccharides, proteins, or combinations thereof, more preferably polysaccharides.
- Soluble culture carriers may be either natural or synthetic polymers. Examples of polysaccharides include polygalacturonic acids such as pectin and pectic acid; alginic acid, cellulose, dextran, agarose, chitosan, glycosaminoglycans, and derivatives thereof.
- These may have a crosslinked structure, and examples thereof include crosslinked cellulose, crosslinked dextran, crosslinked agarose, and crosslinked chitosan.
- polygalacturonic acid, polygalacturonic acid ester, alginic acid, alginic acid ester, cellulose, crosslinked cellulose, dextran, crosslinked dextran, or combinations thereof are preferred.
- Proteins include, for example, collagen and gelatin.
- the soluble culture carrier preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of dextran, cellulose, collagen, gelatin, polygalacturonic acid, alginic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- Cellulose and dextran may each be crosslinked or non-crosslinked. Among them, it preferably contains dextran, crosslinked dextran, or a combination thereof, and more preferably contains crosslinked dextran.
- a cationic functional group may be introduced onto the surface of the soluble culture carrier in order to improve the supportability (adhesiveness) with adherent cells.
- Cationic functional groups include, for example, substituted amino groups, primary amino groups, quaternary ammonium groups, and the like.
- the amino group having a substituent includes, for example, an amino group having an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and may be either a monoalkylamino group or a dialkylamino group.
- the cationic functional group may be a functional group having a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, examples of which include aminoalkyl groups, specifically aminoethyl group, aminopropyl group, methylaminoethyl group, dimethyl Examples include an aminoethyl group, an ethylaminoethyl group, a diethylaminoethyl group, and the like.
- cationic functional groups may be introduced singly or in combination of two or more on the surface of the soluble culture support.
- a cell-adhesive polymer may be arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier to form part or all of the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- cell adhesive polymers include collagen, gelatin, alginic acid or salts thereof, MatrigelTM (BD Biosciences), hyaluronic acid, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin, elastin, heparan sulfate, dextran, dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and the like. is mentioned.
- cell adhesive polypeptides such as collagen, gelatin, laminin, fibronectin, and vitronectin are preferred.
- soluble culture carriers include dextran or crosslinked dextran having a dialkylamino group, dextran or crosslinked dextran coated with collagen or denatured collagen, and the like.
- the shape of the soluble culture carrier is not particularly limited as long as it can support adherent cells.
- the soluble culture carriers preferably include spherical soluble culture carriers.
- the soluble culture carrier may be a porous culture carrier having pores on the surface, inside or both, or a solid culture carrier without pores inside or both inside and on the surface. By using a porous culture carrier as a soluble culture carrier, the surface area of the soluble culture carrier can be increased, and the number of adherent cells supported on the surface of the soluble culture carrier can be increased.
- Examples of the soluble culture carrier according to the present embodiment include Cytiva's Cytodex (registered trademark, hereinafter abbreviated) series, Cytopore series Sephadex (registered trademark, hereinafter abbreviated) series, and the like.
- Soluble culture carriers can have a larger size than adherent cells. Whether the soluble culture carrier is larger than the adherent cells can be confirmed, for example, by passing a cell suspension containing the adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier through a filter having a predetermined pore size.
- the pore size of the filter that can be used for this confirmation should be larger than the size of the adherent cells and smaller than the soluble culture carrier. More specifically, the size of the adherent cells varies depending on the type of adherent cells, but may be, for example, 1-50 ⁇ m, 10-30 ⁇ m, 10-20 ⁇ m, or 10-18 ⁇ m.
- the adherent cells may have a pore size of 10 ⁇ m or more and a size that allows them to pass through a filter of 50 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or less, 20 ⁇ m or less, or 18 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size (D50) of the soluble culture carrier may be, for example, 40-1,000 ⁇ m, 50-500 ⁇ m, 100-250 ⁇ m, or 100-200 ⁇ m.
- the size of the soluble culture carrier becomes larger than the size of the adherent cells before the denaturation treatment, and a plurality of adherent cells can be supported on the surface of the soluble culture carrier, contributing to cell growth promotion. be able to.
- the size of the soluble culture carrier is larger than the size of the adherent cells before the denaturation treatment, so that the size of the soluble culture carrier is larger than the size of the adherent cells even after the denaturation treatment.
- the average particle size of the soluble culture carrier is a value measured as a volume-based median size (D50) in physiological saline or medium.
- the average particle size of the soluble culture carrier can be measured with a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution analyzer.
- the product information attached to the product can be referred to.
- the size of the soluble culture carrier preferably exceeds 50 ⁇ m in minimum diameter.
- the size of the soluble culture support may be, for example, greater than 50 ⁇ m, greater than 80 ⁇ m, greater than 100 ⁇ m, greater than 150 ⁇ m, or greater than 170 ⁇ m in minimum diameter.
- the size of the soluble culture carrier is within this range before the denaturation treatment, the difference in size between the denatured soluble culture carrier and the adherent cells after the denaturation treatment can be easily maintained. It is possible to facilitate the separation and recovery of adherent cells from the soluble culture carrier.
- the minimum diameter of the soluble culture carrier can mean the value obtained by the following measuring method or the value of D5.
- the minimum diameter of the soluble culture carrier can be confirmed by observing a plurality of points, for example, 5 fields of view with a phase-contrast microscope, and referring to a measure or scale bar attached to the microscope. At this time, the soluble culture carrier may be fluorescently colored. Also, the minimum diameter of the soluble culture carrier may be easily confirmed using a filter having a pore size of 50 ⁇ m.
- the D5 of the soluble culture carrier is the particle diameter when the volume-based particle size distribution in physiological saline or medium is measured, and the cumulative volume from the smaller particle diameter side is 5%.
- the particle size distribution of the soluble culture carrier can be measured with a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution analyzer. However, if the soluble culture carrier is a commercial product, the product information attached to the product can be referred to.
- the average particle size (D50), D5, and minimum diameter of the soluble culture carrier can be determined by the same procedure before and after the denaturation treatment.
- the soluble culture carrier and the adherent cells can be introduced into the medium or the like in the cell culture vessel before, at the start of, or after the start of the culture. mentioned. There are no particular restrictions on the order of charging.
- the amounts of the soluble culture carrier and adherent cells to be added to the medium are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to the scale of cell culture, equipment, and the like.
- a method for producing a culture can include suspension culture of adherent cells arranged on the surface of a soluble culture carrier in a medium.
- the adherent cells arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier may be used as they are after contacting the above-mentioned adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier in the medium. That is, when the adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier are added to the medium, the suspension culture may be started from that state, and the above-mentioned adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier are mixed in a medium other than the medium such as a buffer solution. Suspension culture may be initiated by mixing the medium contacted with the medium.
- a cell complex is formed that is a complex of the adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier, and the soluble culture carrier of this cell complex is formed.
- Adherent cells grow on top.
- the cell suspension may contain not only cell complexes, but also cell clusters (aggregates) formed by aggregation of multiple cells, culture carriers to which cells are not adhered, etc. good. Examples of culture carriers to which cells are not adhered include additional soluble culture carriers that are added during suspension culture.
- the seeding density of the adherent cells at the start of culture varies depending on the cell type, culture conditions, etc., but is for example 5 ⁇ 10 2 to 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL, 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL, or 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 4 cells/mL.
- the concentration of the soluble culture carrier in the cell suspension at the start of culture can be, for example, 0.05-50 g/L, 0.1-10 g/L, or 0.3-5 g/L.
- the surface area of the soluble culture support is 0.1-30 cm 2 /ml, 0.5-20 cm 2 /ml, 1-10 cm 2 /ml, or 3-8 cm 2 /ml.
- the concentration of the soluble culture carrier can be adjusted within the milliliter range. The adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier are appropriately used in combination within this range.
- the medium used to culture the adherent cells preferably contains inorganic salts, amino acids, sugars and water.
- the medium may further contain optional ingredients such as serum, vitamins, hormones, antibiotics, growth factors, adhesion factors and the like.
- a medium a medium known as a basal medium for cell culture can be used. That is, any medium known to be used for culturing selected cells can be used without particular limitation.
- Examples of the medium include, but are not limited to, DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium), MEM (Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium), ⁇ MEM Medium (Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium ⁇ -Modified), GMEM (Glasgow's Minimum Essential Medium), IMDM ( Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium), Ham's F12 (nutrient mixture F-12 ham), RPMI-1640 (RPMI-1640 medium), McCoy's 5A (McCoy's 5A medium), MSC growth medium 2 (Promocell), Prime XV XSFM (Irvine Scientific) and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- DMEM Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium
- MEM Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium
- ⁇ MEM Medium Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium ⁇ -Modified
- GMEM Gasgow's Minimum Essential Medium
- IMDM Iscove's modified D
- serum such as fetal bovine serum (FBS), horse serum, and human serum
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- human serum can be used.
- the medium used for culturing may be free of xenogeneic components.
- the xeno-free medium contains serum substitute additives (e.g., Knockout Serum Replacement (KSR) (Invitrogen), Chemically-defined Lipid concentrated (Gibco), Glutamax (Gibco)) instead of animal-derived serum. ), etc.
- serum-free media such as Essential 8 (Thermo Fisher), mTeSR1 (STEMCELL Technologies), StemFit series (Takara Bio Inc.), and StemFlex (Thermo Fisher Scientific) can be used.
- Additives may be added to the medium as necessary.
- additives include vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin D; coenzymes such as folic acid; glycine, alanine, arginine, asparagine, glutamine, isoleucine, and leucine.
- sugars or organic acids as carbon sources such as lactic acid; growth factors such as EGF, FGF, PFGF, TGF- ⁇ ; interleukins such as IL-1 and IL-6; TNF- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , leptin metal transporters such as transferrin; metal ions such as iron ion, selenium ion and zinc ion; SH reagents such as ⁇ -mercaptoethanol and glutathione; and proteins such as albumin.
- a cell culture method is not particularly limited, and a method suitable for each cell may be used.
- the temperature for culturing the cells is the temperature of the cell suspension, and may be, for example, 20 to 45°C, or 30 to 40°C, preferably 36 to 37°C.
- the pH of the cell culture is the pH of the cell suspension, and may be, for example, within the range of 6.2 to 7.7, preferably 7.4.
- the CO 2 concentration of the cell culture may be, for example, 1-20% by volume, 4-10% by volume, preferably 5-7% by volume, in terms of the CO 2 concentration of the cell suspension.
- a temperature of 37° C. and a carbon dioxide concentration of 5% (v/v) are generally used.
- the suspension culture may be a dynamic suspension culture in which agitation such as agitation or shaking is continuously or intermittently performed, or a static suspension culture without agitation.
- Culture vessels suitable for shaking are not particularly limited, but examples thereof include flasks, bioreactors, tanks, culture bags and the like.
- the rocking method is not particularly limited, and a method suitable for the selected culture vessel can be applied.
- the rocking method includes, for example, stirring, shaking, tilting, or a combination thereof.
- the medium can be appropriately exchanged as necessary.
- the culture medium may be exchanged in its entirety or partially, for example, in half.
- the suspension culture may be scaled up by adding medium to increase the volume of the cell suspension.
- the scale-up of the culture includes, but is not limited to, a mode in which the volume is sequentially increased to 0.3 L or more, 2 L or more, 4 L or more, and 10 L or more.
- the method for producing the culture may include subjecting the soluble culture carrier to a denaturation treatment for denaturing at least part of the surface in order to detach the adherent cells in suspension culture from the surface of the soluble culture carrier. can.
- the denaturation treatment at least part of the surface of the soluble culture carrier having adherent cells on its surface may be denatured, and the entire surface of the soluble culture carrier may be denatured. This reduces the ability of the soluble culture carrier to support adherent cells, allowing the adherent cells to detach from the surface of the culture carrier.
- the denaturation treatment may be any treatment that changes the surface properties of the soluble culture carrier, for example, impairs the function as a cell scaffold and allows the adherent cells to detach, and the type and size of the soluble culture carrier , shape, etc., can be selected as appropriate.
- Modification treatment may be performed by temperature change or the like, or may be performed using a surface modifier.
- adherent cells can be detached by changing the temperature to such an extent that the scaffold properties of the cells are changed. Adjustment of the temperature can be appropriately selected depending on the material constituting the soluble culture carrier.
- the surface modifier may be a component capable of modifying the properties of the surface of the soluble culture carrier as a scaffold for cells.
- a surface-modifying agent for example, the surface of the soluble culture carrier is not significantly damaged by the surface-modifying agent, and the scaffolding function of the surface of the soluble culture carrier is not impaired. denatured to This makes it easier to detach the adherent cells from the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- the size of the soluble culture carrier after this denaturation treatment is larger than the size of the adherent cells, and 1.5 times the size of the adherent cells from the viewpoint of being separable using a separation device such as a filter. It may be 2 times or more, 3 times or more, 5 times or more, 8 times or more, or 10 times or more.
- the size of the soluble culture carrier after this denaturation treatment may be, for example, 50% or more, 80% or more, or 90% or more of the size of the soluble culture carrier before denaturation treatment.
- the following method can be mentioned.
- the average particle size (D50) of the denatured soluble culture carrier may be, for example, 40-1,000 ⁇ m, 50-500 ⁇ m, 100-250 ⁇ m, or 100-200 ⁇ m. Within this range, adherent cells can be more easily separated from the denatured soluble culture carrier based on cell size.
- the minimum diameter is preferably more than 50 ⁇ m.
- the size of the denatured soluble culture support may be, for example, a minimum diameter greater than 50 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m or more, 100 ⁇ m or more, 150 ⁇ m or more, or 170 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle size (D50), D5, and minimum diameter of the denatured soluble culture carrier can be determined in the same manner as for the soluble culture carrier before denaturation.
- a sample obtained by removing the cells from the denatured cell suspension through separation and recovery may be used.
- the conditions for denaturing the surface of the soluble culture carrier with the surface denaturing agent vary depending on the type of surface denaturing agent used and the state of the cells. can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art.
- the surface modifier can be selected from known solubilizers or decomposers depending on the type of soluble culture carrier used. Specific examples of surface modifiers include enzymes, chelating agents, acids and alkalis. Enzymes include saccharide-degrading enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, and the like. Examples of saccharide-degrading enzymes include dextranase, pectinase, polygalacturonase, cellulase, alginate lyase, agarase, and chitosanase. Examples of proteolytic enzymes include collagenase and trypsin.
- Chelating agents include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) and the like.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EDDS ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid
- the denaturation treatment can be performed by hydrolyzing the surface of the soluble culture carrier using an acid, an alkali, or the like as a catalyst.
- acids and alkalis can be used for this purpose.
- the surface modifiers described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the surface modifier should be appropriately selected according to the type of soluble culture carrier.
- Ester compounds such as polygalacturonic acid esters and alginic acid esters can be hydrolyzed by using an acid or alkali as a catalyst, and the surface can be modified. Therefore, an acid or an alkali can be used as a surface modifier. can.
- the conditions for the denaturation treatment under which the size of the soluble culture carrier becomes larger than that of the cells can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the type of surface denaturant, the concentration of the surface denaturant, the temperature of the denaturation treatment, the time of the denaturation treatment, and the like. good.
- the concentration of the surface denaturing agent in the cell suspension should be lower than the concentration for complete lysis
- the denaturation treatment time should be shorter than the time for complete lysis
- the denaturation treatment temperature should be set to the level for complete lysis. lower or higher than the temperature, or a combination thereof, and the like.
- the denaturation treatment with the surface denaturing agent can be performed without applying an excessive load to the adherent cells by setting the conditions to be milder than the conditions for completely dissolving the soluble culture carrier.
- the surface-modifying agent is a pH-adjusting agent when the surface of the soluble culture carrier can be modified by pH.
- Acid or alkali may be used as the pH adjuster.
- the treatment can be performed under conditions that are milder than the conditions for completely dissolving the soluble culture carrier.
- a cell detachment treatment can be performed in order to promote detachment of adherent cells from the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- the cell detachment agent used for the cell detachment treatment any known cell detachment agent can be used without any particular limitation. Examples thereof include protease and chelating agents. acetic acid) and combinations thereof, for example, TrypLE (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
- the cell suspension may be pipetted before separating and collecting the cells.
- the soluble culture carrier and the adherent cells detached from the soluble culture carrier can be dispersed to facilitate separation and collection of the cells in subsequent steps.
- the method for producing the culture may include separating and recovering the adherent cells from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the size difference. can. Since the separation and collection of adherent cells are performed based on the size difference between the adherent cells and the denatured soluble culture carrier, the adherent cells can be separated and collected easily and accurately.
- the denaturation treatment denatures the surface of the soluble culture carrier and does not completely dissolve the soluble culture carrier, so after the denaturation treatment, the size tends to be maintained within the above range. As a result, the denatured culture carrier can maintain a larger size than the cells.
- the adherent cells can be separated and collected from the denatured soluble culture carrier based on the difference in size.
- a separation device such as a filter can be used for separation.
- the shape of the pores of the separation device may be any shape as long as the adherent cells can be filtered and the adherent cells and the denatured soluble culture carrier can be separated. Examples of the shape of the hole of the separation device include circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, and the like.
- the pore size of the separation device may be appropriately selected in consideration of the size of the adherent cells, the size of the soluble culture carrier, and the like.
- the pore size of the separation device is preferably larger than the size of the adherent cells and smaller than the size of the denatured soluble culture carrier.
- the pore size of the separation device may be larger than the longest diameter of the adherent cells and smaller than the shortest diameter of the denatured soluble culture carrier.
- the pore size of the separation device may range, for example, from 20-50 ⁇ m, 20-40 ⁇ m, or 20-30 ⁇ m.
- the pore diameter of the separation device means the diameter when the shape of the pore is circular, and any straight line passing through the center point of the pore in the cross section of the pore when the shape of the pore is other than circular. means the length of the longest straight line among
- the adherent cells separated and recovered from the denatured soluble culture carrier may be washed with a phosphate buffer or the like.
- a cell collection method includes an adherent cell and a soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cell, and a cell complex in which the adherent cell is arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier. preparing a suspension; denaturation treatment for denaturing at least a portion of the surface of the soluble culture carrier in order to detach the adherent cells from the surface of the soluble culture carrier with respect to the cell complex in the cell suspension and separating and recovering the adherent cells in the cell suspension from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the size difference .
- the adherent cells arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier can be efficiently separated from the soluble culture carrier and collected with high purity.
- the cell collection method includes preparing a cell suspension containing adherent cells and a soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells, and containing cell complexes in which the adherent cells are arranged on the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- the adherent cells may be a suspension-cultured culture placed on the surface of a soluble culture carrier.
- a suspension-cultured culture placed on the surface of a soluble culture carrier can be obtained and the cell collection method of the present disclosure can be performed, or adhesion normally performed using a soluble culture carrier can be performed.
- Suspension culture of sex cells can be followed by the cell recovery method of the present disclosure.
- a cell suspension can include cell complexes in which adherent cells are disposed on the surface of a soluble culture support.
- adherent cells and the soluble culture carrier those described above can be used. Details of cell complexes in which adherent cells are arranged on the surface of a soluble culture carrier are as described above.
- adherent cells may be arranged partially or entirely on the surface of the soluble culture carrier.
- Aqueous media contained in cell suspensions include liquids such as medium, physiological saline, and phosphate buffers.
- the cell collection method includes performing a denaturation treatment to denature at least a portion of the surface of the soluble culture carrier in order to detach the adherent cells from the surface of the soluble culture carrier for the cell complex in the cell suspension.
- a denaturation treatment can include As for the denaturation treatment, the denaturation treatment in the culture production method of the present disclosure can be applied as it is.
- the cell recovery method can include separating and recovering the adherent cells in the cell suspension from the denatured soluble culture carrier larger than the size of the adherent cells based on the difference in size. .
- the denaturation treatment in the method for producing a culture of the present disclosure can be applied as it is.
- the adherent cells separated and recovered from the denatured soluble culture carrier may be washed with a phosphate buffer or the like.
- the collected adherent cells may be in the form of a cell suspension in combination with a liquid such as medium, physiological saline, or phosphate buffer.
- the present cell collection method can further include subjecting the cell suspension to cryopreservation. As a result, a cryopreserved product of adherent cells with less impurities can be obtained.
- the cell-containing composition contains adherent cells, and the content of residual soluble culture carriers having a size of 20 ⁇ m or less is 30 or less per 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells. can be done.
- the cell-containing composition contains less than 30 residual soluble culture carriers having a size of 20 ⁇ m or less, which is equal to or less than that of adherent cells, per 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells. It can provide highly pure and adherent cells.
- the cell-containing composition may be obtained by culturing adherent cells together with a soluble culture carrier and then separating them from the soluble culture carrier.
- the residue of the soluble culture carrier means the one obtained by the treatment for separating the soluble culture carrier from the adherent cells. and denatured residue of soluble culture carrier.
- Dissolution residues include, for example, sugar chain fragments, polypeptide fragments, and the like that are generated when an enzyme is used as a surface modifier.
- the cell-containing composition can contain adherent cells as well as residues from the denaturation treatment of the soluble culture carrier.
- the content of residues in the soluble culture carrier is 20 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and may be 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 per 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells. 1 or less, 10 or less, 8 or less, or 5 or less, and the number of residues of 1 ⁇ m or more may be 0 or 1 or more.
- the method for calculating the content of residual soluble culture carriers having a size of 20 ⁇ m or less per 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells in the cell-containing composition can be performed, for example, as follows. A portion of the cell-containing composition is sampled, and then observed or imaged in 5 fields of view using a microscope such as a phase-contrast microscope at, for example, 40 ⁇ magnification. At this time, staining may be performed using a coloring reagent known to react with the constituent components of the soluble culture carrier. A dye capable of staining sugar can be used when the soluble culture carrier is composed of sugar. Then, the number of cells observed in a predetermined area and the number of residual soluble culture carriers having a size of 20 ⁇ m or less or a size of 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less are counted.
- the following method can be used to confirm that the cell-containing composition is a composition obtained by denaturing the surface of the soluble culture carrier described above. Specifically, the cell suspension after denaturation treatment is passed through a mesh having a pore size of 20 ⁇ m or more, and then the substance that has passed through is confirmed with a phase contrast microscope of 40 ⁇ or more. In the case of the cell-containing composition after denaturation treatment, one or more residues of 1 ⁇ m or less per field of view can be confirmed by this observation.
- Another confirmation method may be a method of collecting the obtained passing material and confirming the presence or absence of a residue. The existence of a residue or the presence of a residue can be confirmed, for example, by a known confirmation method such as a color reaction, a test using a dye, or the like.
- a method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure provide a culture that is easily and accurately obtained without applying an excessive load to adherent cells. manufactured, or the cells can be harvested. The cultures and adherent cells thus obtained can exhibit a high viability.
- the culture obtained by the culture production method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cells collected by the cell collection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the cell-containing composition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are cells Other impurities such as soluble culture carriers and dissolution residues of soluble culture carriers are less.
- the culture obtained by the culture production method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cells collected by the cell collection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the cell-containing composition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be suitably used as cells for cell preparations or cell-containing compositions.
- kits A kit according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a soluble cell culture carrier and instructions for use.
- the instructions for use preferably describe that a soluble cell culture carrier is used in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the soluble cell culture carrier described in the instructions for use may be only the soluble cell culture carrier described in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. , other soluble cell culture carriers, or combinations thereof.
- a kit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes a surface denaturing agent for denaturing a soluble cell culture carrier and instructions for use. It is preferable that the instruction for use describes that the surface modifying agent is used in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the surface modifier described in the instructions for use may be only the surface modifier described in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. or a combination thereof.
- a kit according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure includes a soluble cell culture carrier, a surface denaturing agent for denaturing the soluble cell culture carrier, and instructions for use.
- the instructions for use preferably describe that the soluble cell culture carrier and the surface modifying agent are used in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the surface modifier described in the instructions for use may be only the surface modifier described in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. or a combination thereof.
- the soluble cell culture carrier described in the instructions for use may be only the soluble cell culture carrier described in the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. , other soluble cell culture carriers, or combinations thereof.
- the soluble cell culture carrier, surface modifier, or combination thereof contained in the kit is provided together with instructions describing one or more of these embodiments.
- a soluble cell culture carrier, a surface modifier, or a combination thereof can be quickly and easily enabled.
- kits described above the details of the method for producing a culture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or the method for collecting cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are as described above, and a soluble cell culture carrier that can be used for each method Alternatively, the details of the surface modifier are also as described above.
- kits described above may further include media, saline, phosphate buffer, separation devices such as filters, containers, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the instruction manual included in each of the above kits includes any medium that can convey the contents of the instruction to the user.
- the instruction for use may be, for example, an attached document in which the contents of explanation are printed on paper or other sheet-like material, or a package in which the contents of explanation are printed on packaging materials such as packaging containers, wrapping paper, and packaging bags.
- the contents of the explanation may be recorded as data on a recording medium such as an optical disk such as a CD, DVD, or Blu-ray disk, a flash memory, or a magnetic disk, and may be computer-readable.
- the instructions may be the address of an Internet site that provides the instructions, and the Internet site address is provided in printed or recorded form on package inserts, packaging materials, data recording media, etc. you can
- the instructions may be provided with one instruction per package of soluble cell culture carrier or surface modifier, or one or more instructions per multiple packages of soluble cell culture carrier or surface modifier. documentation may be provided.
- Examples 1 to 3 Cell culture Cells were cultured using a 6-well plate. Specifically, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured at a volume of 2.0 mL/well. The medium was 1.0 L of ⁇ MEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS (fetal bovine serum). Microcarriers as culture carriers were put into the medium together with the cells, and cultured with shaking in a CO 2 incubator maintained at a temperature of 37° C. and a CO 2 concentration of 5%. After the start of culture, cell complexes in which cells were arranged on the surface of the microcarriers could be observed.
- MSCs human mesenchymal stem cells
- Cytodex 1 crosslinkable dextran having N,N-diethylaminoethyl groups, D50: 180 ⁇ m
- Cytiva was used as a microcarrier.
- the minimum diameter of Cytodex 1 was determined to be greater than 50 ⁇ m.
- the cell seeding density was 3000 cells/mL, and the initial amount of microcarriers was 0.001 g/mL (5 cm 2 /mL).
- the final concentration of dextranase was 0.1 v/v%, 0.01 v/v%, and 0.001 v/v% relative to the total volume of the cell suspension in the well, and the final concentration of trypsin was 0. .2 w/v %.
- the pH of the medium at this time was 7.1 to 7.2.
- Ten minutes later, the cells were observed with a phase-contrast microscope (observation result 1).
- Each cell suspension after denaturation treatment was pipetted 10 times and then observed under a phase-contrast microscope (observation result 2).
- the cell suspension is passed through a mesh having a pore size of 20 ⁇ m (cell strainer, Corning) to collect the cells, and the cell recovery rate and cell viability are measured (NucleoCounter (registered trademark) NC-200, Chemometec). ) was used for evaluation. Table 1 shows the results.
- the cell recovery rate is the ratio of the number of recovered cells to the number of cells after culturing.
- Cell viability is the ratio of the number of surviving cells to the number of cells recovered.
- Example 2 In Example 1 (2), cells were harvested and washed with DPBS, followed by adding 500 U/mg of dextranase (product number: D0443-250ML, Sigma) to 50 mL of microcarriers according to the microcarrier product protocol. It was added to each well at a concentration of 10 mg/50 mL, and the microcarriers were dissolved at 37° C. and pH 6.0 for 20 minutes. After that, the cells were collected in the same manner as in Example 1, and the cell recovery rate and cell survival rate were evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
- dextranase product number: D0443-250ML, Sigma
- Example 3 The treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 (2), except that the concentration of dextranase was changed to 1% (v/v) and the reaction time was changed to 20 minutes. After that, the cells were collected in the same manner as in Example 1, and the cell recovery rate and cell survival rate were evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
- the cell suspension was observed with a phase-contrast microscope (CKX53, Olympus), and the result (observation result 1 above) was evaluated according to the following criteria. Table 1 shows the results.
- A Microcarriers and cells are observed, and microcarriers smaller than the cell size are 30 or less per 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells, or are not observed.
- B Cells are observed, and particulate microcarriers are not observed due to lysis, but a large number of microcarrier-derived residues equivalent to or smaller than cells are observed.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show photographic images of cell suspensions observed with a phase-contrast microscope after denaturation treatment in the following examples and comparative examples.
- FIG. 1 is a photographic image of the above observation result 1 at a magnification of 10 times
- the upper left of FIG. 1 is Example 1
- the upper right of FIG. 1 is Example 2
- FIG. 2 is a photographic image of observation result 2 at a magnification of 40 times, which is comparative example 3.
- FIG. 1 is a photographic image of the above observation result 1 at a magnification of 10 times
- the upper left of FIG. 1 is Example 1
- the upper right of FIG. 1 is Example 2
- FIG. 2 is a photographic image of observation result 2 at a magnification of 40 times, which is comparative example 3.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show photographic images of cell suspensions observed with a phase-contrast microscope after denaturation treatment in the following examples and comparative examples.
- Example 1 as shown in Table 1, the cell recovery rate was 15% or higher, and the cell survival rate was 90% or higher.
- FIG. 1 when the cell suspension was observed after the denaturation treatment, the microcarriers were present together with the cells without being completely dissolved. Observation using a phase-contrast microscope was carried out, and when the minimum diameter of the microcarriers was confirmed over 5 fields of view using a measure attached to the microscope, all of them exceeded 50 ⁇ m. All of them were 90% or more when compared with the size of the microcarriers.
- Comparative Example 1 as shown in Table 1, the cell recovery rate was low, less than 10%. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the cell suspension was observed after the denaturation treatment, the microcarriers were present in the cell suspension together with the cells without being completely dissolved. When the number of residues was confirmed by the same method as above, no residues such as undissolved microcarriers equal to or smaller than the cell size could be confirmed. For this reason, cells could be easily separated from the microcarriers by using a mesh for cell collection, but many adherent cells were present on the surface of the microcarriers left on the mesh. Was. This indicates that the cell detachment agent alone was insufficient to detach the cells from the microcarriers.
- Comparative Examples 2 and 3 when the cell suspension was observed after the denaturation treatment, the microcarriers were almost completely dissolved, and instead, many cell clusters composed of multiple cells were observed. .
- the cell suspension was confirmed after pipetting the cell clusters that could be confirmed before pipetting were dispersed as single cells, but together with the cells, the microcarrier residues were fine particles having a size of 20 ⁇ m or less. They were present in large quantities as particles, in other words, as fine particles smaller than the cell size (Comparative Example 3: see FIG. 2. The same applies to Comparative Example 2. Not shown).
- the three arrows in FIG. 2 indicate residues smaller than cells, that is, undissolved residues.
- Comparative Examples 2 and 3 as shown in Table 1, the cell recovery rate and cell survival rate are high, and this high cell recovery rate is based on the lysis of the entire microcarrier.
- the cell suspension contains a large amount of residual microcarriers of 20 ⁇ m or less, and even if an attempt is made to collect only the cells using a mesh or the like, a large amount of residual contamination is present. However, it was not possible to separate only cells with high accuracy.
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Abstract
Description
浮遊培養では、培養担体が細胞増殖の足場として機能して効率よく細胞を増やし、細胞培養後には、細胞を、酵素、キレート剤等を用いて培養担体から剥がして回収することが行われている。浮遊培養に使用可能な培養担体としては、可溶性のものと不溶性のものがあり、可溶性の培養担体を用いる場合には、細胞培養後に培養担体を溶解させ、フィルタ等によって細胞のみを回収する。細胞の大量培養では、このような浮遊培養が好ましく用いられている。可溶性培養担体は、その構成成分に合わせた溶解手段が確立しており、プロトコールに従って細胞培養後に良好に溶解させることができる。
本開示は、不純物の混入が少なく接着性細胞の純度が高い培養物の製造方法及び細胞回収方法、これらの方法に適するキット、並びに接着性細胞の純度が高い細胞含有組成物を提供するものである。
[1]接着性細胞と、前記接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい可溶性培養担体とを接触させて、前記接着性細胞を前記可溶性培養担体の表面に配置させること、前記可溶性培養担体の表面に配置された前記接着性細胞を、培地中で浮遊培養すること、前記浮遊培養中の前記接着性細胞を前記可溶性培養担体の表面から離脱させるために、前記可溶性培養担体に対して、表面の少なくとも一部を変性する変性処理を行うこと、及び前記変性処理の後に、前記接着性細胞を、前記接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい変性処理済可溶性培養担体から、大きさの差に基づいて分離して回収することを含む、培養物の製造方法。
[3]前記可溶性培養担体は、デキストラン、セルロース、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、ポリガラクツロン酸、アルギン酸、及びこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、[1]又は[2]に記載の培養物の製造方法。
[4]前記可溶性培養担体は多孔質である、[1]から[3]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法。
[6]前記接着性細胞と前記変性処理済可溶性培養担体とを分離装置を用いて分離する、[1]から[5]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法。
[7]前記分離装置は、20~50μmの孔径を有する、[6]に記載の培養物の方法。
[8]前記変性処理済可溶性培養担体の大きさは、最小直径が50μmを超える、[1]から[7]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法。
[10]可溶性細胞培養担体と、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法又は[9]に記載の細胞回収方法に前記可溶性細胞培養担体を用いる旨が記載された使用説明書とを含む、キット。
[11]可溶性細胞培養担体を変性処理するための表面変性剤と、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法又は[9]に記載の細胞回収方法に前記表面変性剤を用いる旨が記載された使用説明書とを含む、キット。
[12]接着性細胞を含有し、20μm以下の大きさを有する可溶性培養担体の溶解残留物の含有率が、細胞1×104個当たり30個以下である、細胞含有組成物。
[13]可溶性細胞培養担体の、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法、[9]に記載の細胞回収方法、又は[10]に記載のキットにおける使用。
[14]可溶性細胞培養担体を変性処理するための表面変性剤の、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載の培養物の製造方法、[9]に記載の細胞回収方法、又は[10]に記載のキットにおける使用。
[培養物の製造方法]
本開示の実施形態による培養物の製造方法は、接着性細胞と、接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい可溶性培養担体とを接触させて、接着性細胞を可溶性培養担体の表面に配置させること、可溶性培養担体の表面に配置された接着性細胞を、培地中で浮遊培養すること、浮遊培養中の接着性細胞を可溶性培養担体の表面から離脱させるために、可溶性培養担体に対して、表面の少なくとも一部を変性する変性処理を行うこと、及び変性処理の後に、接着性細胞を、接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい変性処理済可溶性培養担体から、大きさの差に基づいて分離して回収することを含むことができる。
得られる培養物には、接着性細胞が含まれ、可溶性培養担体が含まれず、可溶性培養担体に由来する残留物の含有率が極めて低いことが好ましい。より詳しくは、得られる培養物には、可溶性培養担体が溶解する場合に生じる溶け残り等の残留物であって、細胞の大きさと同等、又はそれより小さい残留物の含有率が極めて低いことが好ましい。
細胞は、動物由来の細胞であることが好ましく、哺乳動物由来の細胞であることがより好ましい。哺乳動物として、例えば、ヒト、サル、チンパンジー、ウシ、ブタ、ウマ、ヒツジ、ヤギ、ウサギ、ラット、マウス、モルモット、イヌ、ネコ等が挙げられる。細胞が由来する組織は、特に限定されず、例えば、皮膚、肝臓、腎臓、筋肉、骨、血管、血液、神経組織等であってよい。細胞は、初代培養細胞、培養細胞株、組換培養細胞株等であってよい。
幹細胞として、例えば、人工多能性幹細胞(iPS細胞)、胚性幹細胞(ES細胞)、胚性生殖幹細胞(EG細胞)、多能性生殖幹細胞(mGS細胞)、胚性腫瘍細胞(EC細胞)、Muse細胞等の多能性幹細胞を用いてもよい。
上記した細胞は、1種を単独で、又は、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
多糖類としては、例えば、ペクチン、ペクチン酸等のポリガラクツロン酸;アルギン酸、セルロース、デキストラン、アガロース、キトサン、グリコサミノグリカン等、これらの誘導体等が挙げられる。これらは架橋構造を有していてもよく、例えば架橋セルロース、架橋デキストラン、架橋アガロース、架橋キトサン等が挙げられる。なかでも、ポリガラクツロン酸、ポリガラクツロン酸エステル、アルギン酸、アルギン酸エステル、セルロース、架橋セルロース、デキストラン、架橋デキストラン、又はこれらの組み合わせが好ましい。
タンパク質としては、例えば、コラーゲン、ゼラチン等が挙げられる。
可溶性培養担体は、デキストラン、セルロース、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、ポリガラクツロン酸、アルギン酸、及びこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含むことが好ましい。セルロース及びデキストランは、それぞれ架橋又は非架橋であってよい。なかでも、デキストラン、架橋デキストラン、又はこれらの組み合わせを含むことが好ましく、架橋デキストランを含むことがより好ましい。
また、接着性細胞の担持性を促進する観点から、可溶性培養担体の表面には、細胞接着性ポリマが配置されて、可溶性培養担体の表面の一部又は全部を構成してもよい。細胞接着性ポリマとしては、例えば、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、アルギン酸又はその塩、Matrigel(商標)(BD Biosciences社)、ヒアルロン酸、ラミニン、フィブロネクチン、ビトロネクチン、エラスチン、ヘパラン硫酸、デキストラン、デキストラン硫酸、コンドロイチン硫酸等が挙げられる。なかでも、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、ラミニン、フィブロネクチン、ビトロネクチン等の細胞接着性ポリペプチドが好ましい。
可溶性培養担体の具体例としては、ジアルキルアミノ基を有するデキストラン又は架橋デキストラン、コラーゲン又は変性コラーゲンが被覆されたデキストラン又は架橋デキストラン等が挙げられる。
可溶性培養担体は、表面、内部又はこれら双方に細孔を有する多孔質培養担体であってもよく、内部又は内部及び表面の双方に細孔を有しない中実の培養担体であってもよい。可溶性培養担体として多孔質培養担体を用いることで、可溶性培養担体の表面積を大きくして、可溶性培養担体の表面に担持される接着性細胞の数を増やすことができる。
より具体的には、接着性細胞の大きさは、接着性細胞の種類によって異なるが、例えば1~50μm、10~30μm、10~20μm、又は10~18μmであってよい。また、接着性細胞は、例えば孔径が10μm以上であって、かつ50μm以下、30μm以下、20μm以下、又は18μm以下のフィルタを通過可能な大きさであってよい。
本開示において、可溶性培養担体の平均粒子径は、生理食塩水又は培地中の体積基準のメジアン径(D50)として測定した値とする。可溶性培養担体の平均粒子径は、レーザー回折散乱式の粒子径分布測定装置により測定することができる。ただし、可溶性培養担体が市販品である場合には、製品に付属する製品情報を参照することができる。
可溶性培養担体の平均粒子径(D50)、D5、最小直径は、変性処理の前後において、同様の手順で求めることができる。
可溶性培養担体の表面に配置される接着性細胞は、上記した接着性細胞と可溶性培養担体とを培地中で接触させたものをそのまま用いてもよい。すなわち、培地に接着性細胞と可溶性培養担体とを投入した場合には、その状態から浮遊培養を開始してもよく、上記した接着性細胞と可溶性培養担体とを緩衝液等の培地以外の媒体中で接触させたものと培地とを混合し、浮遊培養を開始してもよい。
培地としては、これに限定されないが、例えば、DMEM(ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地)、MEM(イーグル最小必須培地)、αMEM培地(イーグル最小必須培地α改変型)、GMEM(グラスゴー最小必須培地)、IMDM(イスコフ改変ダルベッコ培地)、Ham’s F12(栄養混合物F-12ハム)、RPMI-1640(RPMI-1640培地)、McCoy’s 5A(マッコイ5A培地)、MSC growth medium 2(Promocell社)、Prime XV XSFM(Irvine Scientific社)等が挙げられる。これらは、単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いてよい。
培養に用いられる培地は、異種由来成分を含まないものであってよい。異種由来成分を含まない培地は、動物由来の血清の代わりに、血清の代替添加物(例えばKnockout Serum Replacement(KSR)(Invitrogen社)、Chemically-defined Lipid concentrated(Gibco社)、Glutamax(Gibco社))等を含むことができる。
その他、Essential 8(Thermo Fisher社)、mTeSR1(STEMCELL Technologies社)、StemFitシリーズ(タカラバイオ株式会社)、StemFlex(Thermo Fisher Scientific社)等の無血清培地を用いることができる。
浮遊培養の途中で、必要に応じて、適宜培地の交換を行うことができる。培地の交換は、全量交換してもよいし、例えば半量のように、培地の一部交換してもよい。浮遊培養は、接着性細胞の増殖の状態に応じて、適宜、培地を追加して細胞懸濁液の容量を増加させ、培養のスケールアップを図ってもよい。培養のスケールアップとしては、例えば、0.3L以上、2L以上、4L以上、10L以上のように順次、拡大させる態様が挙げられるが、この態様に限定されない。
可溶性培養担体が温度感受性の材料で構成されている場合には、細胞の足場としての性状を変更する程度に温度を変更することによって、接着性細胞を離脱させることができる。温度の調整は、可溶性培養担体を構成する材料によって適宜選択可能である。
変性処理済可溶性培養担体の平均粒子径(D50)、D5、最小直径は、上記した変性処理の前の可溶性培養担体と同様の手順で求めることができる。なお、変性処理済可溶性培養担体の測定では、変性処理済みの細胞懸濁液から分離及び回収を経て細胞を取り除いた試料を用いてもよい。
例えば、可溶性培養担体にエステル化合物が含まれる場合は、酸又はアルカリ等を触媒として用いて、可溶性培養担体の表面を加水分解することで変性処理を行うことができる。この用途に用いられる酸及びアルカリとしては公知のものを用いることができる。
上記した表面変性剤は、単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
接着性細胞の分離及び回収は、接着性細胞と変性処理済可溶性培養担体との大きさの差に基づいて行われるので、簡便に精度よく接着性細胞を分離、回収できる。
分離装置の孔の形状は、接着性細胞を濾過し、接着性細胞と変性処理済可溶性培養担体とを分離することができればいかなる形状であってもよい。分離装置の孔の形状としては、例えば、円形、楕円形、矩形、多角形等が挙げられる。
本開示において、分離装置の孔径は、孔の形状が円形の場合には直径を意味し、孔の形状が円形以外の場合には、孔の断面において当該孔の中心点を通過する任意の直線のうち最も長い直線の長さを意味する。
本開示の実施形態による細胞回収方法は、接着性細胞と、接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい可溶性培養担体とを含み、接着性細胞が可溶性培養担体の表面に配置された細胞複合体を含む細胞懸濁液を用意すること、細胞懸濁液中の細胞複合体に対して、接着性細胞を可溶性培養担体の表面から離脱させるために、可溶性培養担体の表面の少なくとも一部を変性する変性処理を行うこと、及び細胞懸濁液中の接着性細胞を、接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい変性処理済可溶性培養担体から、大きさの差に基づいて分離して回収することを含むことができる。
この細胞回収方法によれば、可溶性培養担体の表面に配置された接着性細胞を、効率よく可溶性培養担体から分離して、純度高く回収することができる。
接着性細胞は、可溶性培養担体の表面に配置されて浮遊培養された培養物であってもよい。この場合には、可溶性培養担体の表面に配置されて浮遊培養された培養物を入手して、本開示の細胞回収方法を実施することができ、又は、可溶性培養担体を用いて通常行われる接着性細胞の浮遊培養に続けて、本開示の細胞回収方法を実施することができる。
細胞懸濁液は、接着性細胞が可溶性培養担体の表面に配置されている細胞複合体を含むことができる。接着性細胞及び可溶性培養担体には、それぞれ上記したものを用いることができる。接着性細胞が可溶性培養担体の表面に配置されている細胞複合体の詳細は、上記した通りである。
細胞懸濁液において、可溶性培養担体の表面には部分的又は全面に渡って接着性細胞が配置されていてよい。
細胞懸濁液に含まれる水性媒体としては、培地、生理食塩水、又はリン酸緩衝液等の液体を挙げることができる。
変性処理については、本開示の培養物の製造方法における変性処理をそのまま適用することができる。
変性処理済可溶性培養担体から分離及び回収された接着性細胞は、リン酸緩衝液等で洗浄されてもよい。
本開示の実施形態による細胞含有組成物は、接着性細胞を含有し、20μm以下の大きさを有する可溶性培養担体の残留物の含有率が、細胞1×104個当たり30個以下であることができる。
細胞含有組成物は、接着性細胞と同等以下となる20μm以下の大きさを有する可溶性培養担体の残留物の含有率が、細胞1×104個当たり30個以下であるので、不純物が少なく且つ純度高く、接着性細胞を提供することができる。
ここで、細胞含有組成物は、接着性細胞を可溶性培養担体と共に培養後に可溶性培養担体と分離して得られたものであればよく、例えば、接着性細胞を可溶性培養担体と共に培養後に可溶性培養担体を酵素処理して得られた接着性細胞の培養物、本開示の一実施形態に係る培養物の製造方法で得られた培養物、本開示の他の実施形態に係る細胞回収方法で得られた細胞懸濁液等、又はこれらの凍結保存物などが挙げられる。
本開示の一実施形態による培養物の製造方法で得られた培養物、本開示の一実施形態による細胞回収方法で回収された細胞、及び本開示の一実施形態による細胞含有組成物は、細胞以外の不純物、例えば、可溶性培養担体、可溶性培養担体の溶解残留物等が少ないものである。このため、本開示の一実施形態による培養物の製造方法で得られた培養物、本開示の一実施形態による細胞回収方法で回収された細胞、及び本開示の一実施形態による細胞含有組成物は、細胞製剤用の細胞、又は細胞含有組成物として、好適に使用することができる。
本開示の一実施形態によるキットは、可溶性細胞培養担体と、使用説明書とを含むものである。使用説明書には、本開示の一実施形態による培養物の製造方法又は本開示の一実施形態による細胞回収方法において可溶性細胞培養担体を用いる旨が記載されていることが好ましい。使用説明書に記載の可溶性細胞培養担体としては、本開示の一実施形態による培養物の製造方法又は本開示の一実施形態による細胞回収方法において記載された可溶性細胞培養担体のみであってもよく、その他の可溶性細胞培養担体であってもよく、これらの組み合わせであってもよい。
(1)細胞培養
6ウェルプレートを用いて細胞を培養した。具体的には、容量2.0mL/wellで、ヒト間葉系幹細胞(MSCs)を培養した。培地としては、FBS(ウシ胎児血清)を10%(v/v)添加した1.0LのαMEMとした。培地には、細胞と共に、培養担体であるマイクロキャリアを投入し、温度37℃、CO2濃度5%に維持されたCO2インキュベータ内で振とう培養をした。培養開始後に、細胞がマイクロキャリアの表面に配置された細胞複合体が観察できた。
マイクロキャリアとしては、Cytodex 1(N,N-ジエチルアミノエチル基を有する架橋性デキストラン、D50:180μm)(Cytiva社)を用いた。Cytodex 1の最小直径を確認したところ、50μm超過であった。
なお、細胞の播種密度は、3000cells/mLであり、マイクロキャリアの初期投入量は、0.001g/mL(5cm2/mL)とした。
1週間培養した細胞が入っている6wellプレートから、細胞複合体としての細胞及びマイクロキャリアを含む細胞懸濁液を回収し、DPBS(ダルベッコリン酸緩衝溶液)で2回洗浄した。洗浄後に上清をアスピレートした後、37℃のデキストラナーゼ(シグマ社)とトリプシン-EDTA溶液(0.25w/v%、0.02w/v%、シグマ社)で調製された試薬をそれぞれ1mL/wellになるように添加し、各Wellへ播種して、そのまま静置した。デキストラナーゼの最終濃度は、well中の細胞懸濁液の全体積に対してそれぞれ0.1v/v%、0.01v/v%、0.001v/v%とし、トリプシンの最終濃度は0.2w/v%とした。このときの培地のpHは、7.1~7.2であった。10分後に細胞を位相差顕微鏡で観察した(観察結果1)。
変性処理後の各細胞懸濁液をピペッティング10回した後に、位相差顕微鏡で観察した(観察結果2)。その後、20μmの孔径を有するメッシュ(セルストレーナ、コーニング社)に細胞懸濁液を通過させて、細胞を回収し、細胞回収率及び細胞生存率を(NucleoCounter(登録商標) NC-200、Chemometec社)を用いて評価した。結果を表1に示す。
細胞回収率は、培養後の細胞数に対する回収された細胞数の割合である。細胞生存率は、回収された細胞数に対する生存していた細胞数の割合である。
実施例1の(2)において、細胞懸濁液の洗浄後に上清をアスピレートした後、37℃のトリプシン-EDTA溶液(0.25w/v%、0.02w/v%のみで調製された試薬(トリプシン最終濃度:0.25w/v%)を1mL/wellになるように添加した以外は同様にして、処理を行った。その後、実施例1と同様に細胞を回収して細胞回収率及び細胞生存率を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の(2)において、細胞を回収し、DPBSで洗浄した後に、マイクロキャリアの製品プロトコールの記載に従って、デキストラナーゼ500U/mg(製品番号:D0443-250ML、シグマ社)をマイクロキャリア50mLあたり10mg/50mLの濃度となるように各ウェルに添加し、37℃、pH6.0で20分間、マイクロキャリアの溶解処理を行った。その後、実施例1と同様に細胞を回収して細胞回収率及び細胞生存率を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
[比較例3]
実施例1の(2)において、デキストラナーゼの濃度を1%(v/v)とし、反応時間を20分とした以外は同様にして、処理を行った。その後、実施例1と同様に細胞を回収して細胞回収率及び細胞生存率を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
A:マイクロキャリアと細胞とが観察され、細胞の大きさよりも小さいマイクロキャリアは細胞1×104個あたり、30個以下、又は観察されない。
B:細胞が観察され、粒子状のマイクロキャリアは溶解されて観察されないが、細胞と同等、又は細胞よりも小さいマイクロキャリア由来の残留物が多数観察される。
図1は上記観察結果1の倍率10倍の写真画像であり、図1左上は実施例1、図1右上は、実施例2、図1左下は、実施例3、図1右下は比較例1である。図2は上記観察結果2の倍率40倍の写真画像であり、比較例3である。
また、比較例2及び比較例3では、表1に示す通り、細胞回収率及び細胞生存率は高く、この細胞回収率の高さは、マイクロキャリア全体が溶解されたことに基づく。
しかしながら、上述したように、細胞懸濁液中には、20μm以下のマイクロキャリアの残留物が大量に含まれており、メッシュ等を用いて細胞のみを回収しようとしても、大量の残留物が混入し、細胞のみを精度よく分離することができなかった。
Claims (12)
- 接着性細胞と、前記接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい可溶性培養担体とを接触させて、前記接着性細胞を前記可溶性培養担体の表面に配置させること、
前記可溶性培養担体の表面に配置された前記接着性細胞を、培地中で浮遊培養すること、
前記浮遊培養中の前記接着性細胞を前記可溶性培養担体の表面から離脱させるために、前記可溶性培養担体に対して、表面の少なくとも一部を変性する変性処理を行うこと、及び
前記変性処理の後に、前記接着性細胞を、前記接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい変性処理済可溶性培養担体から、大きさの差に基づいて分離して回収することを含む、培養物の製造方法。 - 前記可溶性培養担体は、多糖類、タンパク質、又はこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 前記可溶性培養担体は、デキストラン、セルロース、コラーゲン、ゼラチン、ポリガラクツロン酸、アルギン酸、及びこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 前記可溶性培養担体は多孔質である、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 前記変性処理は、前記可溶性培養担体を表面変性剤によって変性することを含む、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 前記接着性細胞と前記変性処理済可溶性培養担体とを分離装置を用いて分離する、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 前記分離装置は、20~50μmの孔径を有する、請求項6に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 前記変性処理済可溶性培養担体の大きさは、最小直径が50μmを超える、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の培養物の製造方法。
- 接着性細胞と、前記接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい可溶性培養担体とを含み、前記接着性細胞が前記可溶性培養担体の表面に配置された細胞複合体を含む細胞懸濁液を用意すること、
前記細胞懸濁液中の前記細胞複合体に対して、前記接着性細胞を前記可溶性培養担体の表面から離脱させるために、前記可溶性培養担体の表面の少なくとも一部を変性する変性処理を行うこと、及び
前記細胞懸濁液中の前記接着性細胞を、前記接着性細胞の大きさよりも大きい変性処理済可溶性培養担体から、大きさの差に基づいて分離して回収することを含む、細胞回収方法。 - 可溶性細胞培養担体と、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の培養物の製造方法又は請求項9に記載の細胞回収方法に前記可溶性細胞培養担体を用いる旨が記載された使用説明書とを含む、キット。
- 可溶性細胞培養担体を変性処理するための表面変性剤と、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の培養物の製造方法又は請求項9に記載の細胞回収方法に前記表面変性剤を用いる旨が記載された使用説明書とを含む、キット。
- 接着性細胞を含有し、20μm以下の大きさを有する可溶性培養担体の溶解残留物の含有率が、細胞1×104個当たり30個以下である、細胞含有組成物。
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| JPH02171183A (ja) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-07-02 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 付着性細胞の培養方法 |
| WO2014017513A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 培地組成物及び当該組成物を用いた細胞又は組織の培養方法 |
| WO2015111686A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-30 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 培地組成物 |
| JP2016523086A (ja) | 2013-06-24 | 2016-08-08 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 細胞培養物品およびその方法 |
| JP2018068154A (ja) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-10 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | 足場材料から細胞を回収する方法、及び細胞培養用の多糖類足場材料 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02171183A (ja) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-07-02 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 付着性細胞の培養方法 |
| WO2014017513A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 培地組成物及び当該組成物を用いた細胞又は組織の培養方法 |
| JP2016523086A (ja) | 2013-06-24 | 2016-08-08 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 細胞培養物品およびその方法 |
| WO2015111686A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-07-30 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 培地組成物 |
| JP2018068154A (ja) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-10 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | 足場材料から細胞を回収する方法、及び細胞培養用の多糖類足場材料 |
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