WO2022139694A1

WO2022139694A1 - Method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers

Info

Publication number: WO2022139694A1
Application number: PCT/TH2021/000074
Authority: WO
Inventors: Warangkhana NGAKOOPATIPAT; Tun LIANGPAIBOON; Arweamas SIRISAENGTAKSIN; Thuchakorn VACHIRAMON; Kittisuk PANYAJIRAKUL; Phakkhathorn KHOTHAWORNWONG; Yanisa PUANGSAWAT
Original assignee: Sertis Co Ltd; PTT PCL
Current assignee: Sertis Co Ltd; PTT PCL
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2021-12-20
Publication date: 2022-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-21

Abstract

This invention is related to a method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers, which allows the gathering of electricity from sellers to the infrastructure system of the service provider for futher distribution to buyers. The method comprises the following steps: the infrastructure system of the service provider gathers electricity volume information from sellers for futher distribution; the buyers bid on the price and volume of electricity that they would like to buy for the off-peak and on-peak hours in a processing, storing and displaying system of the service provider; the processing, storing and displaying system of the service provider records the information about the bidding price and volume of electricity from buyers and then performs ranking of the buyers before proceeding with trading. The electricity gathered and traded is the electricity generated from solar energy, and the purpose of this invention is to promote small electricity generation businesses for direct delivery and distribution to users in order to achieve continuous and stable growth.

Description

METHOD FOR ELECTRICITY TRADING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE CONNECTING BETWEEN BUYERS AND SELLERS

Field of the Invention

Engineering related to a method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers

Background of the Invention

In the management of electricity, it is necessary to procure electricity from different production sources to sufficiently meet the needs of the public on the household, business and industrial levels. Electricity might be procured from a power plant under the management of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), imported or purchased from a private power plant. However, concerns exist in regards to the capabilities to generate and supply electricity to support future economic growth effectively and with stability. The absence of good electricity management can impact the energy security of the nation.

For electricity generation in the present day, electricity can be generated through the combustion of fuels, such as coal and natural gas, and through renewable energy sources, such as wind, hydropower, and solar energy. Generally, electricity is generated from multiple sources and each source has its own system to supply electricity to the same delivery system. The delivery of electricity to other agencies, such as direct customers (some industrial factories specified by royal decree), the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA), and the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) for further distribution to consumers is carried out through a transmission line and operated by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand.

At present, opportunities are given for small and very small scale electricity producers to produce and sell electricity to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand in order to encourage small-scale producers to participate in electricity production and to alleviate government investment burdens in electricity production and supply systems, and thus increase electricity supply stability, especially during peak demands, while concurrently reducing the value of imported energy. Hence, it is intended to provide business support and promotion to electricity producers, especially solar power producers, small producers, very small producers and even households, or also known as "the people's solar", which continue to experience growth, to ensure the availability of effective channels and systems for electricity distribution.

At present, solar power producers supply the electricity they produce to the Metropolitan Electricity Authority and the Provincial Electricity Authority at prices set by the government. Hence, in order to promote small-scale electricity production businesses and distribute electricity directly to users, such as in the industrial and household sectors, with continuous and stable growth, more effective systems, methods for supplying electricity to users has been developed. For example, the patent application no. AU2018101013A4 discloses a method to distribute energy by the use of blockchain technology for facilitating peer-to-peer energy trading, along with a smart contract system that relies on the preparation of data provenance layers for increased security during monitoring of green energy production, which in this case comprises electricity produced from solar energy. Transactions are delivered by text protocols and on a trading platform with set prices in the form of KWH coins, which are fixed to current electricity prices.

In addition, the patent application no. US20200161858A1 discloses a system for gathering energy from different sources for distribution to the industrial sector. The system comprises an energy network in which prepared energy is connected and arranged to be delivered to users. The system allows operators to conduct energy trading transactions and deliver energy to the system for gathering energy. For the function, generally, peer-to-peer energy trading orders are received in advance, followed by advance estimation of energy demands and sunlight predictions, and then specification of the optimal electrical energy to be delivered as well as the time periods of delivery among energy networks with reference to trade orders.

Moreover, the patent application no. KR2128476B1 describes an automatic electric power trading system by auction with deployment of a smart contract on blockchain. It describes a decentralized system that is transparent and secure for energy trading among users, and the energy traded is generated from microgrids. Trading prices can be search through an auction to ensure the best prices. The system consists of full node servers, where blockchain database or “node” maintains all the blockchain data starting from the first block by performing algorithm and add trade transactions and smart contracts into the blockchain.

The steady trend toward the development and interest in systems and methods for supplying electricity to users shows the development of increasingly effective systems for the supplying of electricity to consumers, as well as the adoption of smart meters. However, limitations still exist. For example, trade processes are still not sufficiently flexible in terms of bidding process, for which bid price should be made for off-peak hours and on-peak hours separatly, or there should be the ability to modify the electricity offering process of sellers. A central service providers can involve in the electricity trading between sellers and buyers, with the ability to change the energy gathering process from sellers in the form of gathering energy alone, or gathering energy with seller ranking to ensure fair competition. Thus, efforts were made to develop more effective systems and methods for selling electricity to users, by the use of the central service provider to gather energy which electricity in this case is generated from solar energy. Additionally, the smart meter is adopted for measuring the electricity volume regarding the buyer and seller’s consumption and offers, with an algorithm designed to increase the effectiveness of electricity trading.

Summary of the Invention

This invention is related to a method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers, which allows the gathering of electricity from sellers to the infrastructure system of the service provider for further distribution to buyers. The method comprises the following steps: the infrastructure system of the service provider gathers electricity volume information from sellers for further distribution; the buyers bid on the price and volume of electricity that they would like to buy for the off-peak and on-peak hours in a processing, storing and displaying system of service providers; the processing, storing and displaying system of service providers records the information of the bidding price and volume of electricity from buyers and then performs ranking of the buyers before proceeding with trading. The electricity gathered and traded is the electricity generated from solar energy. This electricity trading method adopts a smart meter to measure the electricity volume regarding the buyer and seller’s consumption and offers, with an algorithm designed to increase trading effectiveness.

The purpose of this invention is to develop a method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers to facilitate effective electricity trading, especially of electricity generated from solar energy, which is clean energy, in order to promote the businesses of small-scale electricity producers and their direct deliveries and sales to users with sustained and secure growth and thus alleviate the government's investment burden in the electricity generation and distribution system while also increasing electrical supply stability, especially during peak demands, and decreasing the value of energy imported from abroad.

Detailed Description of the Invention

Figure 1 shows an illustration of people involved in and connected to electricity trading according to this invention, and Figure 2 shows a diagram of the procedures involved in electricity trading with an infrastructure to connect between buyers and sellers.

The method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers comprises the gathering of electricity from sellers (1) to the infrastructure of the service provider (2) for further distribution to buyers (3), which is characterized in that:

- The infrastructure of the service provider (2) gathers electricity volume information from sellers (1) for futher distribution.

In the step for gathering electricity volume information from sellers (1) for futher distribution, the information is gathered at a set cycle such as every one hour. The infrastructure of the service provider (2) gathers the electricity volume from the sellers (1), which is divided into two cases as follows:

Case 1 - Electricity volume is gathered from every seller (1) that is offering to sell, without a ranking.

Case 2 - Electricity volume is gathered from every seller (1) that is offering to sell electricity ranked by the rate of benefits that each seller (1) has offered to the service provider (2).

The measurement of the volume of electricity offered for sale by sellers (1) is conducted by the use of smart meters on the side of the sellers (5), and the electricity from the sellers (1) is the electricity generated from a renewable energy source, namely, solar energy.

- Buyers (3) bid on the price and volume of electricity they would like to purchase in the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2), and the bidding of the price and volume of electricity intended to purchase occurs in a set cycle such as every month.

Buyers (3) bid on the price and volume of electricity intended to purchase in the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) by bidding on the price and volume of electricity intended to purchase for off-peak and on-peak hours on the internet-based electricity trading system (8), such as any one of website, application, blockchain or combination thereof.

The measurement of the volume of electricity consumed by buyers (3) is conducted by smart meters on the side of buyers (6) that send electricity consumption data to the data source (7) for use in processing in the processing, storing and displaying system (4).

- The processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) records information about the price and volume of electricity that buyers (3) bid and then performs ranking of buyers (3) separately for off-peak hours and on-peak hours, whereby the buyer (3) with the highest bid price for each time-of-use period will receive the first rank and the buyers (3) bidding successively lower prices are given successively lower ranking. If multiple buyers (3) bid at the same price, then the buyer (3) who bids first in the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) gets the rank advantage.

- The processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) will facilitate trading, and the trading will occur according to a set cycle such as every hour.

After trading, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) will perform billing or invoice issuance, and deliver the bills or invoices to the buyers (3) after having calculated the fees to be collected from each buyer (3). The billing or invoice issuance is done at least in the form of hard copies, or electronic or soft files, or combination thereof, and billing or invoice issuance will occur at a set schedule such as every month. To facilitate effective electricity trading with an infrastructure to connect between buyers and sellers, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) comprises:

- A processing unit (10), which, upon receiving data about the volume of electricity offered for sale by sellers (1) and the electricity consumption volume by buyers (3) from the data source (7), processes data and sends processed data to an application database (13) and to the Application Programming Interface Service (API) (11) to execute a matching algorithm (12).

- The matching algorithm (12), which is set to receive data from the Application Programming Interface Service (API) (11) and the application database (13) in order to send them to the electricity trading process by matching the bidding price and volume of electricity intended to purchase by the buyers (3) and the volume of electricity offered for sale by sellers (1). After electricity is traded, the transaction history of electricity trading is stored in the application database (13) and in the blockchain system (9).

- The application database (13), which receives data from the processing unit (10) and the internet-based electricity trading system (8) in order to store and send data to the matching algorithm (12), and to receive transaction history of electricity trading from the matching algorithm (12) for storage.

Figure 3 shows a flow chart of the trading process for the case where electricity is gathered from every offering seller without ranking, and Figure 4 shows a flow chart of the trading process for the case where electricity is gathered from every offering seller with ranking according to the benefits offered by each seller to the service provider. Trading occurs according to a set cycle such as every hour.

The processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) can facilitate trading in two cases as follows:

Case 1

- Gathering the electricity from every offering seller (1) without a ranking.

- Examining the remaining electricity demand of the buyers (3) or the electricity volume to be delivered to the top-ranked buyer (3) first, if some volume remain available, the electricity will be delivered to the buyer (3) and fees will be calculated.

- Deducting the remaining electricity demand of the buyers (3) or the remaining electricity volume to be delivered to the buyer (3), and then deducting the remaining electricity volume for further distribution.

- Examining the remaining electricity volume for further distribution, if some volume remain available for further distribution, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) will deliver electricity to other buyers (3) ranked lower. Otherwise, if no electricity remains available for further distribution or if there are no buyers (3) remaining, either one case or the other or both cases, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) will calculate the electricity fee per unit to be paid to sellers and calculate the earnings of each seller (1).

Case 2

- Gathering the electricity from every offering seller (1) with a ranking by the benefits that each seller (1) proposed to the service provider (2), who will sell electricity from the seller (1) that is offering the most benefits first. Benefits will be in the form of transaction fees calculated as a percentage to be deducted from the total earning from electricity trading, for example, a transaction fee of 10% of the total earning from electricity trading. Accordingly, if there are many sellers (1) and the benefits that these sellers (1) offer to the service provider (2) are at the same rate, the seller (1) that offered the benefits to the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) first will be ranked first.

- Examining the remaining electricity demand of the buyers (3) or the electricity volume to be delivered to the top-ranked buyer (3). If some volume remain available, the electricity will be delivered to the buyer (3), and fees will be calculated.

- Examining the remaining electricity volume for further distribution. If some volume remain available for further distribution, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) will deliver electricity to other buyers (3) ranked lower. Otherwise, if no electricity remains available for further distribution or if there are no buyers (3) remaining, either one case or the other or both cases, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) will calculate the electricity fee per unit to be paid to sellers and calculate the earnings of each seller (1) until there are no sellers (1) remaining.

In the following description of the invention, examples of the invention will be raised to provide greater clarity. However, the electricity trading methods with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers to be discussed below represent only examples meant to serve the purpose of increasing understanding in the invention, and it does not limit the scope of this invention only to the examples given.

Example

Example A: Calculation of Electricity Fee per Unit to be Paid to Sellers

The electricity fee per unit to be paid to sellers is calculated for the case where electricity is gathered from every offering seller (1) without a ranking by using Equation (1): Electricity fee per unit to be paid to the seller (1) = [volume of electricity supplied to each buyer (3) x bid price of each buyer (3)] / volume of electricity from every offering seller (1) gathered together.

For example,

The volume of electricity from every offering seller (1) that has been gathered = 100 electricity units.

Buyer (3) A’s bid price = 2.800 monetary units per electricity unit, and received 30 electricity units.

Buyer (3) B’s bid price = 2.600 monetary units per electricity unit, and received 50 electricity units.

Buyer (3) C’s bid price = 2.500 monetary units per electricity unit, and received 20 electricity units.

Therefore, the electricity fee per unit to be paid to every seller (1) = [(30x2.800) + (50x2.600) + (20x2.5000)] / 100 = 2.640 monetary units per electricity unit.

The electricity fee per unit to be paid to sellers is calculated for the case where electricity is gathered from every offering seller (1) with a ranking by using Equation (2):

Electricity fee per unit to be paid to the seller (1) = [volume of electricity supplied to each buyer (3) x bid price of each buyer (3)] / volume of electricity from the seller (1).

For example,

Seller (1) A’s offer = 40 electricity units and is ranked first.

Seller (1) B’s offer = 60 electricity units and is ranked second.

Buyer (3) C’s bid price = 2.800 monetary units per electricity unit, and received 30 electricity units.

Buyer (3) D’s bid price = 2.600 monetary units per electricity unit, and received 50 electricity units.

Buyer (3) E’s bid price = 2.500 monetary units per electricity unit, and received 20 electricity units.

Therefore, the electricity fee per unit to be paid to Seller (1) A = [(30x2.800) + (10x2.600)] / 40 = 2.750 monetary units per electricity unit.

And the electricity fee per unit to be paid to Seller (1) B = [(40x2.600) + (20x2.500)] / 60 = 2.567 monetary units per electricity unit.

Example B: Example of Specification of Electricity Trading Terms

For Buyers The service fee to be paid to the service provider is 0.500 monetary units per electricity unit (tokens/kWh) (in addition to unit electricity trading).

The minimum bid price (for every buyer) during off-peak hours and during on-peak hours:

- For during on-peak hours, it is 2.500 monetary units per electricity unit (tokens/kWh).

(Net price = 3.000 monetary units per electricity unit (tokens/kWh).

- For during off-peak hours — > it is 1.600 monetary units per electricity unit (tokens/kWh).

(Net price = 2.100 monetary units per electricity unit (tokens/kWh).

Maximum bid volume (for each meter):

- 80% of the average electricity consumption volume of the last 3 bills.

Minimum bid volume (for each meter):

- 20% of the average electricity consumption volume of the last 3 bills.

For Sellers

Case 1 - every offering seller without a ranking:

- 10% transaction fee (deducted from total earning from electricity trading).

Case 2 - every offering seller with a ranking based on the benefits rate offered by each seller to the service provider:

- The transaction fee varies according to the benefits offered by each seller (deducted from total earning from electricity trading).

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows an illustration of people involved in and connected to electricity trading according to this invention.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the procedures involved in electricity trading with an infrastructure to connect between buyers and sellers.

Figure 3 shows a flow chart of the trading process for the case where electricity is gathered from every offering seller without ranking.

Figure 4 shows a flow chart of the trading process for the case where electricity is gathered from every offering seller with ranking based on the benefits offered by each seller to the service provider.

Best Mode of the Invention

As stated in Detailed Description of the Invention.

Claims

9 Claims

1. A method for electricity trading with infrastructure connecting between buyers and sellers comprises the gathering of electricity volume from sellers (1) to the infrastructure of the service provider (2) for further distribution to buyers (3), which is characterized in that:

A. Bidding by buyers (3) on the price and volume of electricity intended to purchase in the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2), wherein the buyers (3) bid on the price and volume of electricity in the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2) by bidding on the price and volume of electricity for off-peak hours and on-peak hours.

B. Recording information about the bidding price and volume of electricity from buyers (3) in the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2), and ranking the buyers before trading, wherein the ranking of buyers (3) is considered in a way that the electricity volume will be delivered to top-ranked buyer (3) first and to other buyers (3) respectively.

C. Electricity trading by examining the electricity demand of the buyers (3) according to the ranking in B, before fees are calculated. Then, the electricity demand and the remaing electricity volume for distribution are deducted, before the remaing electricity volume for distribution is examined.

2. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to claim 1, wherein the deduction in the electricity volume can be selected from the deduction of the remaining electricity demand of the buyers (3), or the deduction of the remaining electricity volume to be delivered to buyers (3).

3. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to claims 1 or 2, wherein in the examining of the remaining electricity volume for distribution, if the electricity remains available for distribution, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) will deliver electricity to other buyers (3) ranked lower. Otherwise, if no electricity remains available for further distribution or if there are no buyers (3) remaining, either one case or the other or both cases, the processing, storing and displaying system (4) will calculate the electricity fee per unit to be paid to sellers and calculate the earnings of each seller (1).

4. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the gathering of information on electricity volume from the seller (1) for distribution is done by gathering electricity volume from every offering seller without a ranking, or gathering electricity volume from every offering seller with a ranking of the benefits that each seller (1) proposed to the service provider (2), which the electricity volume offered by the sellers (1) can be measured by smart meters on the seller side (5).

5. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the bidding on the price and volume of electricity intended to purchase is done by the processing, storing and displaying system (4) of the service provider (2), which is processed by the internet-based electricity trading system (8) which can be selected from website, application, blockchain or combination thereof.

6. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein it additionally includes the examining of information on the electricity consumption volume of each buyer (3) by smart meters on the side of the buyers (6), and sending of the electricity consumption information to store at the data source (7) for processing in the processing, storing and displaying system (4).

7. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein it additionally includes billing or invoice issuance and delivery of the bills or invoices to buyers (3) after calculation of the fees to be collected from each buyer (3), which the billing or invoice issuance is done in the form of any one of hard copies, electronic files or combination thereof.

8. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the processing, storing and displaying system (4) comprising:

- A processing unit (10) , which, upon receiving the electricity volume offered by the sellers (1) and the electricity consumption volume by buyers (3) from the data source (7), processes data and sends processed data to an application database (13), and to the Application Programming Interface Service (API) (11) to execute a matching algorithm (12);

- The matching algorithm (12), which is set to receive data from the Application Programming Interface Service (API) (11) and the application database (13) in order to send them to the electricity trading process by matching data between the bidding price and volume of electricity from the buyers (3) and the electricity volume offered by the sellers (1). After electricity is traded, the transaction history of electricity trading is stored in the application database (13) and in the blockchain system (9);

- The application database (13), which receives data from the processing unit (10) and the internet-based electricity trading system (8), in order to store and send the data to the matching algorithm (12), and to receive transaction history of electricity trading from the matching algorithm (12) for storage. 11

9. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein electricity from sellers (1) is the electricity generated from renewable energy.

10. The electricity trading method with an infrastructure for connecting between buyers and sellers according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the electricity generated from renewable energy is the electricity generated from solar energy.