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WO2022128481A1 - Procédé de nettoyage d'un catalyseur de stockage, et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé de nettoyage d'un catalyseur de stockage, et dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022128481A1
WO2022128481A1 PCT/EP2021/083807 EP2021083807W WO2022128481A1 WO 2022128481 A1 WO2022128481 A1 WO 2022128481A1 EP 2021083807 W EP2021083807 W EP 2021083807W WO 2022128481 A1 WO2022128481 A1 WO 2022128481A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
storage
catalytic converter
storage catalytic
fresh air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2021/083807
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lorenzo Pace
Katrin Konieczny
Rolf BRÜCK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vitesco Technologies GmbH filed Critical Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Publication of WO2022128481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022128481A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reducing hydrocarbons in a storage catalytic converter for hydrocarbons, the storage catalytic converter being arranged in an exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine and being set up to take up unburned hydrocarbons from the exhaust gas flow, a scavenging pump being provided which is set up to draw a flow of fresh air through the To conduct storage catalyst.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • different catalysts are used to chemically convert the exhaust gas.
  • the chemical conversion on the catalysts can only take place above a minimum temperature that is dependent on the catalyst used in each case.
  • so-called storage catalytic converters are also used, which serve to temporarily store pollutants, for example nitrogen oxides or hydrocarbons.
  • the aim here is to at least temporarily bind free nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas flow and release them again under suitable operating conditions in order to then convert them as completely as possible in the exhaust tract in order to prevent uncontrolled release into the environment.
  • the storage catalytic converters are either designed to absorb the nitrogen oxides or the hydrocarbons or to release them.
  • the uptake, the adsorption, or the release, the desorption depend on the saturation degree of the coating of the catalyst, the concentration of hydrocarbons in the gas phase and the temperature.
  • hydrocarbons are bound to the storage catalyst as long as the temperature is below a certain value, the concentration in the gas phase is higher than on the catalyst surface and as long as the coating is not already saturated.
  • the temperature thresholds that are relevant in each case depend, for example, on the coating applied to the substrate of the catalyst by means of a washcoat.
  • this temperature threshold When this temperature threshold is exceeded, the bound hydrocarbons are released and can convert on the downstream catalysts, for example the three-way catalyst. If the necessary temperature threshold is not reached, for example on a very short journey, it may happen that the bound hydrocarbons are not completely desorbed. A part of the hydrocarbons therefore remains on the storage catalytic converter and occupies a certain proportion of the storage capacity.
  • the internal combustion engine is restarted, in particular after a cold start, not all of the hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas can be bound to the storage catalytic converter.
  • the downstream catalytic converters are not yet fully functional due to the still low exhaust gas temperature, these hydrocarbons that cannot be stored are released into the environment. This is particularly disadvantageous since this leads to significantly increased environmental pollution, which is to be prevented in principle.
  • One exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a method for reducing hydrocarbons in a storage catalytic converter for hydrocarbons, the storage catalytic converter being arranged in an exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine and being set up to take up unburned hydrocarbons from the exhaust gas flow, a scavenging pump being provided which is set up to draw in a fresh air flow through the storage catalytic converter and to intermediately store the hydrocarbons thus released from the storage catalytic converter in a storage container for hydrocarbons, with the method generating an air flow that is independent of an exhaust gas flow in the exhaust gas tract and being guided through the storage catalytic converter and then being guided through a storage container.
  • the scavenging pump is preferably designed in such a way that it can generate an air flow which can be routed via suitable lines into the exhaust gas tract and can be routed through the storage catalytic converter.
  • air can be drawn in from the environment and passed through the storage catalytic converter.
  • the air flow generated in this way is enriched with hydrocarbons as it flows through the storage catalytic converter, as a result of which the quantity of hydrocarbons remaining in the storage catalytic converter is reduced.
  • the hydrocarbon-enriched air stream is sent to a storage tank where the hydrocarbons are received and retained.
  • the fresh air flow is passed through the storage catalytic converter while the internal combustion engine is not being operated. This is preferably the case because, on the one hand, this prevents the unburned hydrocarbons from being blown out into the environment with the normal exhaust gas flow, and it also prevents the scavenging pump from having to work counter to the exhaust gas flow. As a result, the scavenging pump can be made smaller. It is also advantageous if the scavenging pump sucks in fresh air from the environment and conveys it through the storage catalytic converter in the opposite direction to the usual main flow direction of the exhaust gas.
  • Fresh air from the environment is advantageous because it will generally have a significantly lower concentration of hydrocarbons, so that there will be a significant concentration gradient between the storage catalytic converter and the fresh air flow. This favors the release of the hydrocarbons from the catalyst into the air stream.
  • a preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the hydrocarbons stored in the storage container are released into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine at a defined point in time.
  • the storage canister is designed to strip the hydrocarbons from the airflow directed through the storage canister.
  • a binder can be provided in the storage container, for example activated carbon.
  • the storage tank then stores the released hydrocarbons for a certain time. At favorable points in time, the hydrocarbons collected in the storage container can then be returned to the combustion in the internal combustion engine. This prevents unburned hydrocarbons from escaping into the environment and thus leading to undesirable environmental pollution.
  • the fresh air flow conducted through the storage catalytic converter is enriched with hydrocarbons present in the storage catalytic converter due to the differences in concentration of hydrocarbons between the fresh air and the storage catalytic converter.
  • the fresh air flow generated by the scavenging pump can be steered by at least one control valve, with the control valve opening or closing flow paths to the storage catalytic converter and/or to a fuel tank.
  • the scavenging pump can, in addition to the purpose according to the invention, also be used to drain dissolved hydrocarbons from the fuel tank or to supply other systems with an air flow.
  • the provision of control valves is advantageous in order to generate an air flow that is suitable in each case for the corresponding application.
  • the storage container is preferably designed in such a way that it can temporarily store hydrocarbons from a number of applications, for example from the fuel tank and the storage catalytic converter.
  • the object with regard to the device is solved by a device having the features of claim 6 .
  • One exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a device for releasing hydrocarbons from a storage catalytic converter for hydrocarbons, the device having a flow path for exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, in which the storage catalytic converter is arranged, with a scavenging pump being provided which is designed to direct a flow of fresh air through the To lead storage catalyst towards a storage container.
  • the storage container has a binder for releasing the hydrocarbons contained in the air flow generated by the scavenging pump.
  • a binder can be, for example, activated carbon, which binds the free hydrocarbons entrained in the air stream, which can be present, for example, as fine droplets, and removes them from the air stream.
  • the scavenging pump is also set up to flush gaseous hydrocarbons out of a fuel tank. Preference is given to using the scavenging pump that is already being used to vent the fuel tank, since this allows the overall system costs to be kept low and only additional lines and valves have to be provided to allow the air flow to the storage catalytic converter and from the storage catalytic converter into the Storage container and, if necessary, to conduct from the storage container in the intake tract.
  • At least one control valve is provided, which is set up to direct the fresh air flow generated by the scavenging pump either through the fuel tank into the storage tank or through the storage catalytic converter into the storage tank.
  • the scavenging pump can be used for a number of applications, as a result of which the outlay on hardware is reduced and the device is therefore more cost-effective.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exhaust system with a storage catalytic converter, a scavenging pump, and a storage tank.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a device 1 for flushing a storage catalytic converter 3.
  • the storage catalytic converter 3 is installed in an exhaust tract 2 of an internal combustion engine 9 and is used to store unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas, which flows through the exhaust tract along the direction marked by arrow 4 2 is flowable.
  • Storage catalysts 3 and how they work are known in the prior art.
  • the storage catalytic converter 3 is preferably constructed as a metallic substrate with a corresponding coating.
  • further components for exhaust gas aftertreatment can be arranged downstream of storage catalytic converter 3. It is particularly advantageous to use the storage catalytic converter 3 in the vicinity of the underbody of the vehicle. In the case of an arrangement on or near the underbody, the arrangement of the three-way catalytic converter at a short distance from the internal combustion engine 9 is preferable, in particular in order to use the quickly reached high temperatures directly after the internal combustion engine 9 in the event of a cold start.
  • a scavenging pump which can generate an air flow, is identified by the reference number 5 .
  • Fresh air from the environment is preferably sucked in here.
  • the air flow then flows through the storage catalytic converter 3 counter to the main flow direction 4 of the exhaust tract 2 .
  • the air flow absorbs the hydrocarbons and flows out of the exhaust tract 2 along a discharge line 7 .
  • the air stream flows along the scavenging pump 5 into the storage container 6 in which the hydrocarbons entrained in the air stream are bound in the activated carbon that flows through.
  • the air stream then flows out into the environment via a discharge line 11 .
  • the hydrocarbons stored in the storage tank 6 can be fed back to the internal combustion engine along the feed line 8 .
  • control valves that control the air flow can be provided in the supply line 8 and/or the discharge line 7 . This is particularly advantageous when the scavenging pump 5 is also used, for example, to vent the fuel tank 10 or to flush out the hydrocarbons located above the fuel level there. The flushing pump 5 and the storage tank 6 can then be used for both purposes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel tank 10 which is connected to the storage tank 6 via a connecting line 12 .
  • the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 has no restrictive character and serves to clarify the idea of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de réduction de la quantité d'hydrocarbures dans un catalyseur de stockage (3) pour des hydrocarbures, dans lequel : le catalyseur de stockage (3) est situé dans un conduit d'échappement (2) d'un moteur à combustion interne (9) et est conçu pour recevoir des hydrocarbures non brûlés du courant d'échappement ; une pompe de balayage (5) qui est conçue pour conduire un flux d'air frais à travers le catalyseur de stockage (3) et pour stocker temporairement, dans un récipient de stockage (6) pour les hydrocarbures, les hydrocarbures libérés du catalyseur de stockage (3) en conséquence ; et, au moyen du procédé, un flux d'air qui est indépendant d'un courant d'échappement dans le conduit d'échappement (2) est généré et est conduit à travers le catalyseur de stockage (3) et ensuite conduit à travers un récipient de stockage (6). L'invention concerne également un dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ledit procédé.
PCT/EP2021/083807 2020-12-17 2021-12-01 Procédé de nettoyage d'un catalyseur de stockage, et dispositif correspondant Ceased WO2022128481A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020216153.4 2020-12-17
DE102020216153.4A DE102020216153B3 (de) 2020-12-17 2020-12-17 Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Speicherkatalysators und Vorrichtung hierzu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022128481A1 true WO2022128481A1 (fr) 2022-06-23

Family

ID=79231032

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2021/083807 Ceased WO2022128481A1 (fr) 2020-12-17 2021-12-01 Procédé de nettoyage d'un catalyseur de stockage, et dispositif correspondant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102020216153B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022128481A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0747581A1 (fr) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-11 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Améliorations de réglage des émissions
WO1996039576A1 (fr) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Lutte contre la pollution atmospherique
GB2340054A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-02-16 Johnson Matthey Plc Combatting air pollution

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0763048A (ja) 1993-08-20 1995-03-07 Ngk Insulators Ltd 排ガス浄化システム及び排ガス浄化方法
DE102009020789A1 (de) 2008-06-26 2009-12-31 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn Kohlenwasserstoffrückhalte- und Spülanlage
JP2018076798A (ja) 2016-11-08 2018-05-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0747581A1 (fr) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-11 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Améliorations de réglage des émissions
WO1996039576A1 (fr) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Lutte contre la pollution atmospherique
GB2340054A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-02-16 Johnson Matthey Plc Combatting air pollution

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