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WO2022123415A1 - Système et dispositif de chauffage à micro-ondes avec détection passive en ligne - Google Patents

Système et dispositif de chauffage à micro-ondes avec détection passive en ligne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022123415A1
WO2022123415A1 PCT/IB2021/061326 IB2021061326W WO2022123415A1 WO 2022123415 A1 WO2022123415 A1 WO 2022123415A1 IB 2021061326 W IB2021061326 W IB 2021061326W WO 2022123415 A1 WO2022123415 A1 WO 2022123415A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microwave
coil
fiber optic
fluid
microwave heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2021/061326
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Francisco Ricardo Barreiro Pinto
Arlet Patricia Franco Peñata
Carlos Andrés Galvis Causil
Jesús Manuel GARAVITO GUARDIOLA
Fabian Alonso Lara Vargas
Ana Milena López López
Claudia Milena Serpa Imbett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Original Assignee
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana filed Critical Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Publication of WO2022123415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022123415A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A23B2/05—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating using irradiation or electric treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A23B2/05—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating using irradiation or electric treatment
    • A23B2/08—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating using irradiation or electric treatment using microwaves or dielectric heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L12/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L12/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena, e.g. electricity, ultrasonics or ultrafiltration
    • A61L12/06—Radiation, e.g. ultraviolet or microwaves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heating, pasteurization or sterilization devices and systems.
  • the present invention is related to systems and devices that use microwaves and include fiber optic elements for temperature sensing.
  • microwave ovens microwave ovens
  • electromagnetic waves The heating of liquids in closed cavities that contain microwaves ("microwave ovens"), in thermal processes, by application of electromagnetic waves is more recent and novel, which has been proposed as an alternative that reduces both the heating time and the energy consumption, being safe for the estehlization/pasteuhzation of liquids, as molecular mechanisms intrinsically different from direct heating by convection and conduction are involved, allowing food products to prolong their shelf life, as well as the quality and content of nutrients .
  • Pasteurization is a process that uses relatively mild heat treatment of food to kill microorganisms, and inactivate bacteria and plant enzymes to make food safe to eat.
  • Temperatures and times are determined by the target enzyme or microorganism, the nature of the product, and the pathogenic and heat-resistant disease-causing microorganisms that may be found in the food.
  • sterilization is a more severe heat treatment for food preservation.
  • the process is designed to achieve long-term sterility of products for storage purposes to facilitate commercial distribution.
  • Both pasteurization and sterilization are based on processes that combine time and temperature applied to food products to achieve the expected lethality on unwanted agents.
  • Another line of products based on microwave technology is the LABOTRON TMW800, and similar ones, which, in principle, are microwave tunnels for continuous cooking/pasteurization in small production flows of products packaged in containers such as pots or trays.
  • the device allows control of the parameters of the process, that is, microwave power, treatment time, air flow to obtain the desired quality of the product.
  • the ultraviolet sterilizer of the present invention comprises a sterilizer casing having an open side and defining a sterilization chamber, a sterilizer door installed on one side of the sterilizer casing for selectively opening or closing the sterilization chamber, a lamp UV installed elsewhere of the sterilizer casing for irradiating UV rays into the sterilization chamber, and a turntable rotatably installed on the floor of the sterilization chamber for placing an article to be sterilized on an upper surface thereof.
  • the microwave oven can be provided with various functions and the articles to be sterilized can be sterilized more efficiently by using the microwave oven.
  • US patent 5,697,291 discloses an apparatus for performing thermal pasteurization and inactivation of a moving fluid comprising: means for preheating the fluid, which flows to a temperature below the pasteurization or inactivation temperature; microwave means for heating preheated flowing fluid to pasteurization or inactivation temperature, said microwave means applying microwave energy to said preheated flowing fluid at a rate insufficient to cause initial heating in the fluid, wherein the rate of microwave application prevents localized heating of the fluid before the fluid exits pasteurization or inactivation temperature; conduit means connecting said preheating means to said microwave means; and a plurality of connected tubes having a meandering configuration positioned in said microwave means and connected to said conduit means; wherein the preheating means comprises surface conduction heating means for preheating fluid with a surface conduction heating source and heat regeneration means for preheating said fluid with a heat source regenerated from the microwave heated flowing liquid .
  • the present invention provides a device that allows online measurement, in situ, of a fluid that is heated inside a pipe through microwaves, without metallic sensors, avoiding its affectation by microwaves.
  • the measurement of the temperature profiles provided by the device object of the invention allows its characterization in food processing, especially in pasteurization / sterilization processes, in addition to the construction and optimization of the operation of microwave ovens at an industrial level.
  • Figure 1 It shows the schematic view of a system that includes a microwave heater with passive online temperature sensing with independent fiber optic cables.
  • FIG. 2A It shows the schematic detail of a microwave heater with passive online temperature sensing.
  • FIG. 2B Shows the detail of an example coil.
  • Figure 3 Shows the schematic view of a system that includes a microwave heater with passive online temperature sensing with multiplexed fiber optic cables.
  • FIG. 4 Shows the schematic detail of a microwave heater with multiplexed passive online temperature sensing.
  • Figure 5A-5E It shows the detail of the form of coupling of the portions of the Bragg gratings in optical fiber in a duct, for the measurement of temperature.
  • Figure 6A It shows the behavior scheme of a signal through optical fiber Bragg grating sensors.
  • Figure 6B It shows the behavior scheme of a signal through multiplexed fiber optic Bragg grating sensors.
  • the present invention reveals a device or system that allows sensing and measuring in real time, in situ, online and directly, the temperature of a fluid inside a conduit in a control volume, where the medium of heating is the use of microwaves on the fluid.
  • the device of the invention avoids the use of sensors that include metallic elements, the generation of sparks or fires inside the microwave heater.
  • the present invention arises in response to the need to solve the technical problem related to the development of a technology for measuring the temperature in contact with the fluid, which will allow the design, construction and calibration of heating devices using microwave ovens of different configurations, opening the possibility to materialize the application of this technology on a large scale, even extending its application to a wide variety of liquids.
  • the present invention reveals a device that incorporates microwave heaters with pipes made of material that is transparent to microwaves, for example glass, with a technology for direct monitoring, in-situ and in real time, of the temperature of the fluid that circulates inside said tube. pipe, at as many points as possible, with the aim of determining at each point of the installed sensor, with a precision of tenths of a centigrade degree, the temperatures of the circulating fluid during the activation and deactivation process of the microwaves in the device.
  • thermo profile of the processed liquid will be obtained from the entrance to the device to the exit, with the possibility of knowing its variation in real time at any point inside the pipe installed in the system. microwave heater.
  • the optimal retention time of the liquid inside the microwave would be determined, the maximum/minimum power of operation of the microwave heater in the process of heating the fluid inside the pipe, the maximum temperature reached by the liquid, for to characterize heating, sterilization and pasteurization processes of any fluid to be processed.
  • the technology proposed in this invention solves the main technical problems that limit temperature monitoring inside microwave oven heaters and inside the pipe in contact with the liquid.
  • these technical problems those derived from the impossibility of using metal electronic devices or sensors due to the danger of heating and explosion inside the microwave, coupled with the susceptibility of contamination promoted by metal-liquid contact, are observed.
  • the device object of the invention incorporates fiber optic sensors - FO, (Fiber Optic, for its acronym in English), inside the microwave ovens, and the pipe for temperature measurement.
  • the sensors are made of glass, they do not present a risk of heating or explosion inside the cavity, due to their material and reduced size (around 125 pm in diameter), and length of a few centimeters, contributing to the innocuousness of the process.
  • Fiber optic sensors are proposed as the best option for temperature measurement within the microwave. Consequently, in the device object of the invention, these sensors are in contact with the circulating liquid through the pipe adapted to the microwave.
  • the device is made up of a microwave heater (10) that has a microwave generating unit (11) that includes a magnetron with a transmitting antenna, which emits microwaves towards a heating chamber (12) having walls that reflect the radiated microwaves; where the heating chamber (12) includes the passage of a fluid that is heated through a coil (33); where the coil (33) has embedded fiber optic cables (21) with portions of FBG - Fiber Bragg Gratings - Fiber Bragg Grating (21), to measure temperature passively online ( Figures 1 and 3).
  • on-line refers to on-site and real-time monitoring.
  • Passive means that the sensors do not need electrical power for their operation.
  • Figure 1 reveals an embodiment that includes two independent fiber optic cables (21); each includes portions of Fiber Bragg Gratings (21); where each fiber optic cable (21) is connected to an FBG sensor measurement unit such as an interrogator (40) that uses detection technology by optical filtering of fiber Bragg networks that sends signals to a computer (70) that has a graphical interface.
  • FBG sensor measurement unit such as an interrogator (40) that uses detection technology by optical filtering of fiber Bragg networks that sends signals to a computer (70) that has a graphical interface.
  • the microwave heater (10) receives fluid from an initial tank (30); where the fluid is driven through an electric pump (31) through a conduit (32) towards a coil (33) that is located inside a resonance box (12) and where the fluid is heated by means of microwaves emitted by a microwave generating unit (1 1), where the heated fluid is sent through a conduit (34) to a final tank (35), where the initial tank (30) has a temperature sensor (51) and a final tank (35) that has a temperature sensor (53), which send signals through connections (52) and (54), respectively, to a temperature measurement unit for temperature sensor (60) and that sends data to a computer (70) through a connection (61).
  • Figure 1 represents a general scheme of the heating and/or sterilization/pasteurization process of the circulating fluid or liquid through the ducts located inside the microwave heater (10).
  • the objective is the elimination of harmful microorganisms for the product or harmful microorganisms present in the product. prolonging the conservation time, avoiding to the maximum the alteration of the physicochemical properties.
  • the microwave heater (10) is connected to an initial tank (30) with fluid where an electric pump (31) drives the fluid and regulates the speed and retention time of the liquid in the process.
  • an electric pump (31) drives the fluid and regulates the speed and retention time of the liquid in the process.
  • fluid enters the interior of the microwave heater (10) it reaches the interior of a coil structure (33) for the circulation of liquid, which is made of glass and fixed to the interior of the microwave heater (10).
  • the power of said heater is set in such a way that the liquid reaches a certain temperature, which is compared and measured directly with the sensor technology of fiber optic Bragg gratings installed inside the glass coil (33).
  • the fluid is sent to a final storage tank (35).
  • the tanks (30) (35) are provided with sensors for measuring the inlet and outlet temperature of the pasteurizable/sterilized fluid.
  • Figure 2A reveals a detail of the microwave heater (10) with passive online temperature sensors that includes portions of Bragg gratings (21) in fiber optics, where the coil (33) transports the fluid to be heated in the inside of the microwave heater.
  • the coil (33) is made of ceramic material, for example, glass.
  • the coil (33) can be made of any material that is transparent to microwaves or radio frequencies.
  • the inlet conduit (32) is connected to the coil (33) which has inlet perforations (33a) and outlet perforations (33b) through which the fiber optic cable (21) enters and which has portions of Bragg gratings (20). ) that are located inside the internal duct of the coil (33); where the entrance perforations (33a) and exit perforations (33b) and the free spaces existing with the optical fiber (21) have a sealing filler to prevent the fluid from escaping or spill through these free spaces.
  • the coil (33) is connected, in turn, to an outlet duct (34).
  • the microwave heater has a microwave generating unit (11) that includes a magnetron (13) with a microwave emitting antenna (14) towards a heating chamber (12).
  • the microwave generating unit (1 1) could also include components such as a microwave concentrator channel to direct the microwaves to a specific place within the heating chamber (12).
  • the channel will depend on each particular design, which can be of the closed or open tubular type, with different geometries.
  • the coil (33) is crossed by one to an infinite number of cables, preferably one to a thousand fiber optic cables (21), where each optical fiber (21) has portions of Bragg gratings (20).
  • the coil (33) has several windings that, on the one hand, allow the agitation of the liquid inside the pipe and, on the other hand, allow the most efficient cooling of the liquid by convection, in order to increase the fluid volumes and reduce the retention times.
  • Figure 2B reveals the coil (33) which may have straight areas (330), slightly larger diameter areas defined as bulbs (331) and curved areas (332); where any area could be used for the installation of fiber optic cables with sensors with portions of Bragg gratings (20) for direct monitoring of fluid temperature.
  • the geometry of the coil (33) may vary according to the conditions of each particular design.
  • Figure 3 reveals substantially the same components described for Figure 1, but includes a fiber optic cable (21) multiplexed with several portions of Bragg gratings (20), which can acquire data, for example, of temperature with the same signal. entry. Where a fiber optic cable (21) has from one to a thousand portions of Bragg grating sensors (20).
  • Figure 4 reveals the detail of a substantially similar configuration to figure 2A of the microwave heater (10), where it includes a fiber optic cable (21) multiplexed with several portions of Bragg gratings (20), with input perforations (33a) , outlet perforations (33b), and with a sealing filler not shown to prevent fluid from leaking into the coil (33).
  • Figures 5A to 5E reveal various configurations of how the Bragg grating portions (20) are arranged in the coil ducts (33).
  • Figures 5A to 5C reveal examples of a fiber optic cable (21) passing through the coil duct (33) through the perforations (33a) (33b); where a portion of Bragg gratings (20) is in contact with the transported fluid.
  • Figure 5D reveals an example of a fiber optic cable (21) inserted into the coil duct (33) by means of a perforation (33a); where a portion of Bragg gratings (20) is in contact with the transported fluid.
  • Figure 5E reveals an example of a fiber optic cable (21) multiplexed with portions of Bragg gratings (20), passing through the serpentine duct (33) through the perforations (33a) (33b); where each portion of Bragg gratings (20) is in contact with the transported fluid.
  • FIG. 6A reveals how an input signal (E) passes through the optical fiber (21) and where part of the signal is reflected (R) by a portion of Bragg gratings (20) and part of the signal is transmitted (T) in the optical fiber (21).
  • Figure 6B shows how an input signal (E) passes through the optical fiber (21) multiplexed with portions of Bragg gratings (20) and where parts of a signal is reflected (R) by each portion of Bragg gratings. (20) and a complementary part of the transmitted signal (T) in the optical fiber (21).
  • the portions of the Bragg gratings (20) can be replaced by other fiber optic sensing technology or passive waveguides made of materials that are transparent to microwaves or radio frequencies, such as glass, capable of withstanding very high temperatures. high temperatures (up to 1000 °C).
  • FBG fiber optic Bragg grating sensors are passive as they do not require external electronic power and are manufactured from a periodic modification of the longitudinal refractive index of the core of an optical fiber that allows partial portions of light to be reflected along the length.
  • Bragg wave giving rise to optical fibers known as FBG fiber optic Bragg gratings.
  • This type of fibers operate as thermal and deformation transducers, with an approximate sensitivity in terms of wavelength of 13 pm/°C at 1500 nm for the case of changes in temperature. The reading of these changes can be made from the direct reading of the Bragg wavelength using spectral analyzers, or by means of optical filtering techniques that are less expensive and integrated and that are suitable for industrial applications.
  • equipment was used to detect changes in the Bragg wavelength, called an interrogator (40), which uses optical filtering detection technology, and which operates with a resolution of tenths of degrees centigrade. This device performs the reading of the changes in wavelength and therefore of the temperature.
  • a Bragg wavelength reader may also be used.
  • the temperature of the fluid is measured at the inlet, outlet and in the circulation inside the microwave heater, allowing the construction of a thermal profile that allows characterizing the efficiency of the microwave. process and apparatus in time, energy consumed and volume of liquid processed.
  • the external temperature measurement system and fiber optic sensors are activated during the liquid circulation process and a graphic display system made up of an interface that allows the display of temperature as a function of time.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système et un dispositif de chauffage à micro-ondes avec détection passive en ligne, dans lequel circule du fluide à travers un serpentin situé dans une chambre de résonance. Le fluide circule depuis un réservoir initial propulsé par une électropompe à travers un conduit d'entrée dans le serpentin, où il est chauffé au moyen d'une unité génératrice de micro-ondes puis déchargé dans un réservoir final à travers un conduit de sortie, les deux réservoirs étant pourvus de capteurs de température. La détection du fluide est réalisée au moyen d'une pluralité de câbles à fibre optique qui ont des parties de réseau de Bragg, lesquels câbles à fibre optique sont connectés à un interrogateur ou autre type de dispositif de mesure de température pour réseau de Bragg à fibre optique qui envoie les données à un ordinateur qui comprend une interface graphique.
PCT/IB2021/061326 2020-12-07 2021-12-03 Système et dispositif de chauffage à micro-ondes avec détection passive en ligne Ceased WO2022123415A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CONC2020/0015307 2020-12-07
CONC2020/0015307A CO2020015307A1 (es) 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 Sistema y dispositivo calentador microondas con sensado pasivo en línea

Publications (1)

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WO2022123415A1 true WO2022123415A1 (fr) 2022-06-16

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WO (1) WO2022123415A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5514389A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-05-07 Florida Department Of Citrus System and method for pasteurizing citrus juice using microwave energy
EP0703792B1 (fr) * 1993-06-18 2001-05-23 Charm Sciences, Inc. Systeme de chauffage rapide a micro-ondes et haute temperature et procede de chauffage d'un materiau sensible a la chaleur
WO2012076936A2 (fr) * 2010-12-10 2012-06-14 Universidade De Aveiro Capteur de température et/ou d'intensité de rayonnement micro-ondes faisant intervenir des réseaux de bragg sur fibre optique
US8263917B2 (en) * 2009-02-16 2012-09-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Microwave heating device and heating method
WO2019169265A1 (fr) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-06 915 Labs, LLC Procédé de commande de systèmes de chauffage par micro-ondes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0703792B1 (fr) * 1993-06-18 2001-05-23 Charm Sciences, Inc. Systeme de chauffage rapide a micro-ondes et haute temperature et procede de chauffage d'un materiau sensible a la chaleur
US5514389A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-05-07 Florida Department Of Citrus System and method for pasteurizing citrus juice using microwave energy
US5514389B1 (en) * 1994-10-13 1998-06-02 Florida Dept Of Citrus System and method for pasteurizing citrus juice using microwave energy
US8263917B2 (en) * 2009-02-16 2012-09-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Microwave heating device and heating method
WO2012076936A2 (fr) * 2010-12-10 2012-06-14 Universidade De Aveiro Capteur de température et/ou d'intensité de rayonnement micro-ondes faisant intervenir des réseaux de bragg sur fibre optique
WO2019169265A1 (fr) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-06 915 Labs, LLC Procédé de commande de systèmes de chauffage par micro-ondes

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BHASKAR CHALUVADI V NAGA, BHASKAR CHALUVADI V NAGA, PAL SUBHRADEEP, PATTNAIK PRASANT: "Recent advancements in fiber Bragg gratings based temperature and strain measurement", RESULTS IN OPTICS, vol. 5, 1 December 2021 (2021-12-01), pages 100130, XP055944102, ISSN: 2666-9501, DOI: 10.1016/j.rio.2021.100130 *
GARAVITO JESUS, GALVIS CARLOS, LÓPEZ ANA MILENA, FRANCO ARLET PATRICIA, BARREIRO FRANCISCO, TARAZONA ROSA LILIANA, SERPA-IMBETT CL: "Heating Device Based on Modified Microwave Oven: Improved to Measure Liquid Temperature by Using FBG Sensors", PHOTONICS, vol. 8, no. 4, 6 April 2021 (2021-04-06), pages 104, XP055944101, DOI: 10.3390/photonics8040104 *

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