WO2022191686A1 - Single heddle system for creating a leno weave fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The single-heddle system (S1) can be used to produce a leno-weave fabric using a single heddle (A), with dual control, to pull the doup threads up and down in order to form the sheds into which the weft will be inserted and to be tightened onto the fixed threads, one weft on their left side followed by another on their right side, using the doup threads, the latter having to pass under the fixed threads by virtue of the horizontal translational movement thereof, which translation is achieved by means of rods positioned astride the fixed threads and mounted on a bar which slides in synchrony with the position of the doup threads.

Description

Single blade system for making gauze step fabric

We know weaving systems are used to make flat weaves and leno weaves. Each type of fabric has its own characteristic, such as interlacing for flat fabric and braiding for leno fabric, and each fabric requires a specific craft for its realization. - Remark :

1- Given the large number of threads used in each type of fabric (for example, 3000 threads for the flat fabric and 1400 for the gasless fabric) and, since all the threads repeat the same movements depending on the nature of the fabric to be manufactured, to describe the formation mechanism of each fabric, we can limit ourselves to 50 warp threads (1: G; 2; 2'; 2”) for the flat fabric (Figure: 1) and 3 fixed threads (2; 2'; 2”) associated with 2 turn threads (1; 1') for the leno fabric (Figure: 2) to which will be associated, each time, 2 weft threads during the operation of the systems.

2 Zone (x) or (y) denotes the rectangular "air" space delimited by two threads: a- in the flat fabric, the zone (x) is delimited by the threads (2; 2') and the zone (y) is delimited by the threads (2'; 2”) (Figure: 1), b- in the fabric with no gauze, the zone (x) is delimited by the two fixed threads (2; 2' ) and the zone (y) is delimited by the two fixed threads (2'; 2”) (Figure: 2).0 3- in the descriptions of the manufacture of fabrics, the threads will be represented by previously numbered circles which go be pulled up or down relative to the midline (Figure: 3).

4 According to the method of description that we have chosen, we start with the description of the formation of the interlacing of the warp threads of a flat fabric5 to introduce the description of the single blade system (SI), object of the present invention , for the realization of a fabric with no gauze.

I-Description of the interlacing of the warp threads for the production of a flat fabric.

The manufacture of a flat fabric, using a conventional loom, apart from the operating mechanism of its 2 blades (A; B) (Figure: 4 a), in which the weaving threads pass in the eyelets of the healds, after the draw-in operation, is based on the linear interlacing of the warp threads which is ensured by the shedding system (cam block, dobby) via the pulling system . The blade (A) goes up to form the upper ply and the blade (B) goes down to form the lower ply, which will allow the system to form the shed and in which a weft yarn will be inserted in such a way perpendicular to the warp threads (Figure: 4b). To describe the interlacing of the warp threads, one can base oneself on a descriptive diagram of the movements carried out by two warp threads (1; 1') with respect to three warp threads (2; 2': 2”) and to which 2 weft threads will be added during system operation (1 ^st weft; 2 ^nd weft). We can admit, in a geometric way, that the 3 warp threads (2; 2': 2”) delimit in space two juxtaposed rectangular zones (x) and (y) having as line of separation the thread (2 ') (Figure 1). To describe the movement of warp threads during the operation of the system, they can be represented by circles which change position, upwards or downwards, with respect to the median where each thread (1) and (F) passes through its corresponding zone (x) or (y), zones delimited by the wires (2; 2': 2”) (Fig: 3). At rest, all wires lie on the midline, which represents a closed shed (Figure: 5). During the operation of the system, the wires (1; ) and the wires (2; 2'; 2”) take different positions in space, high for some and low for others and vice versa. During the formation of a shed, the warp yarn (1; G) goes up and down, always passing through the same zone: (x) for the yarn (1) and (y) for the yarn (G). The other warp threads (2; 2', 2”) also go up and down but in the opposite direction (Figure; 6). The ^1st rise of the threads (1; 1') and the ^1st descent of the threads (2; 2', 2'') lead to the formation of the ^1st shed (Figure: 7). The passage of the 1 ^st weft thread (1 ^st weft) between the ply formed by the threads (1; 1') (upper ply) and that formed by the threads (2; 2', 2”) (lower ply) will be followed by a descent of the wires (1; 1') and a rise of the wires (2; 2', 2”) (Figures: 8) to tighten it (Figures: 9). The rise of the wires

(1; G) and the descent of (2; 2'; 2”) are also used to form the ^2nd shed (Figure: 10) which will receive, in turn, the 2nd ^weft and the warp threads will be pulled again (Figure: 11) to tighten it (Figure: 12). The repetition of these operations by all the warp threads leads to the formation of successive intersections and therefore to the production of a flat fabric (figure: 13). Recalling that the description of the formation of the interlacing of the warp threads of a flat fabric, thus presented, is used here as a basis of reasoning for the description of the formation of a gauze-pitch fabric, object of the present invention ( Figure: 14). II-Description of the formation of a gauze step fabric.

Compared to this description of the manufacture of the gauze fabric, the designation of the following threads will be respected (Figure: 14).

Currently we know that the manufacture of leno fabric is done using a machine formed mainly by two blades (A;B) and between which special devices are installed to pass a turn thread to the right and to the left of each fixed thread while tightening, each time, a weft and, therefore, 2 wefts will be tightened on each fixed thread, one to its left and the other to its right (Figure: 16a) ; (Figure: 16b).

In what follows and, since all the threads of the loom make the same movements relative to each other, we will only put Faction on the tower thread (1) whose process of its change of zones (x) or (y) and the way in which it tightens the wefts ( ^1st and ^2nd ) on the fixed thread (2') to form a leno step using the system designated by (SI), object of the present invention. The present description of the invention is given only as an indication and not limiting, it can vary according to the forms and the uses. The sequence of operations carried out by the tower thread (1) and its connection with the "immobile" fixed thread (2'), relies solely on its pulling, upwards or downwards, to tighten the wefts (the ^era ) and (2 ^nd ). These movements will be represented by a series of diagrams which show the realization of a step of gauze (Figure: 14); (Figure 16). The latter is currently manufactured by a two-blade system, which is equipped with a specific device for each pair of wires (a turn wire and a fixed thread) and that You install between the two blades of the loom (Reference: DE3818680A 1988-06-01; US35754789A 1989-05-26; US4967802A 1990-11-06). In the present description of the functioning of our system (SI), the movements carried out by the two types of wires will be represented by schematic figures (Figure: xa) associated with figures (Figure: xb) representing the active elements of the system (SI ) which intervene in the realization of a step of gauze.

To describe the formation of a leno using the (SI) system, it is assumed that, at the start, the turn thread (1) and the fixed threads (2; 2'; 2”) are on the median (Figure:17a) (Figure:17b) (shed closed) and that the turn wire (1) will be pulled by the single blade (A) upwards (high position) through the area (x) while the fixed wires (2; 2'; 2”) remain on the median (Figure: 18a) (Figure: 18b). Noting that these areas are alternated throughout the fixed threads of a loom for no gauze. The system being in continuous operation, following the pulling of the turn yarn (1) upwards, the shed is formed (Figure: 19a) (Figure: 19b) and it will receive the ^1st weft (Figure: 20a) (Figure : 20b). Once the 1 ^st weft has been inserted, the turn yarn (1) goes down in the zone (x) to its low position to tighten it. Having passed through zone (x), the turn wire (1) is located to the left of the fixed wire (2'). Once the 1 ^st weft is tight, the fixed threads (2; 2'; 2”) (Figure: 21a) (Figure: 21b) will be moved horizontally to the left to put the passage zone (y) in front of the turn thread ( 1) and in which it will pass when it is pulled upwards (Figure: 22a) (Figure: 22b) to form, with the fixed wires (2: 2'; 2”), the ^2nd shed (Figure: 23a) (Figure: 23b). Going up to its high position and passing through zone (y), the turn thread (1) will therefore pass under the fixed thread (2') to tighten the ^1st weft on its left side (Figure: 16a); (Figure: 16b). As soon as the ^2nd shed is formed (Figure: 23a) (Figure: 23b), the ^2nd weft is inserted and clamped between the turn yarn in question and the fixed yarns as the turn yarn (1) descends into the zone (y) towards its low position by overlapping said frame (Figure: 24a) (Figure: 24b). Once the 2 ^nd weft is tight, the fixed threads (2: 2'; 2”) will be moved to the right (Figure: 25a) (Figure: 25b), to put the area (x) in front of the turn thread (1) , allowing it to return to its original position (Figure: 26a) (Figure: 26b).

The movements made by the turn thread (1) enabled it, by going back and forth under the fixed thread (2'), to overlap the ^1st weft by tightening it to its left and to overlap the ^2nd weft by hugging it to his right (Figure: 16a); (Figure: 16b). Thus, a leno step is completed and a new cycle of movements of the threads will be started to form a new leno step and, so on, until the programmed length of the fabric is achieved. As regards the change of zone (x) to (y) or from (y) to (x) for the passage of the lathe wire (1) between the fixed wires (2; 2'; 2”), the system (SI) is equipped with a bar (T) fitted with 3 rods which fork on the 3 fixed wires (2; 2'; 2”) (Figure: 17b). The bar (T) has the property of sliding horizontally to the right or to the left, depending on the zone (x) or (y) sought, for the passage of the turn wire (1). Said bar (T), while sliding, remains perpendicular to the fixed wires (2; 2'; 2”) and parallel to the blade (A) (Figure: 27). By sliding to the left (Figure: 21a); (Figure: 21b), the 3 rods (Z; Z'; Z”) will move the three fixed wires (2:2':2”) which delimit the zones (x) and (y) and, the zone (x) will be replaced through zone (y) to let the turn wire (1) pass to a high position to form the 2 ^nd shed (Figure: 22a); (Figure: 22b). In order to be able to tighten the 2 ^nd weft on the fixed thread (2'), the turn thread (1) must go down into the zone (y) then pass in front of the zone (x). To reverse the change in the passage area of the turn wire (G), the bar (T) will move to the right and its 3 rods (Z; Z'; Z”) will be moved away from the fixed wires (2: 2': 2”). Thus the tower thread (1) will again be in front of the zone (x) (Figure: 26a) (Figure: 26b) to climb there by tightening the 2 ^nd weft on the right side of the fixed thread (2'). During these two changes of zone, the tower thread (1) finally tightened a ^1st weft on the left side of the fixed thread (2') and a 2nd ^weft on its right side (Figure: 16a) (Figure : 16b). As we can see, the movement of the fixed wires (2: 2': 2”) must operate in a synchronized manner with the lower positions of the tower wire (G) Figure: 21a); (Figure: 21b); (Figure: 25a); (Figure: 25b), as it must also pass each time under the fixed wire in question, as shown in the following figs (Figure: 16a); (Figure: 16b).

In order to explain the operation of the system (SI), object of the invention, its various parts are numbered and it is represented, in a global way, by (Figure: 27) and its active components, by the series of figures (Figure: 28); (Figure: 29); (Figure: 30).

With regard to the vertical movements of the single blade (A) (up and down) for drawing the tower wire (1), the system (SI) uses a group of organs (GOl) and a group of components (G02) for controlling the sliding of the bar (T), the two groups of components appear in the overall diagram of the system (Figure: 27). These groups of organs, (GO1) and (G02), are used to transmit, mechanically or electronically, the commands of the shedding device (1) to said blade (A) and to the bar (T). The organ group (GOl) (Figure: 28). has the role of ensuring the vertical movement of the slat (2) mounted on the blade (3) which receives the movement of the shedding device (1) via the short link (4), the bracket (5), the long rod (6), the bracket (7) plus the two blade pullers (8; 9) and (10; 11) or via the short rod (12), the bracket (13), the long connecting rod (14), the bracket (15) plus the two blade pullers (16; 17) and (18; 19). The vertical movement of the blade (3) drives that of the slat (2), which allows the turn yarn (20) to form the shed to insert the 1 ^st weft (21). On the other hand, the group of organs (G02) (Figure: 29); (Figure: 30) has the role of ensuring the horizontal displacement of the bar (T) (22), provided with metal rods (23), which receives the movement of the device for forming the crowd (1) via of the short connecting rod (24), the long connecting rod (25), the bracket (26) and the flexible metal cord (27) which is guided by the pulley (28) in its sliding in order to translate the fixed wires (29 ) (Figure: 29) on the right (in this case) to allow the turn yarn (20) to evolve (Figure: 30) with respect to said fixed middle yarn (29) and to introduce the ^2nd weft (30 ) passing each time over said weft and under the fixed thread in question. It can therefore be noted that the succession of movements of the two types of threads, due to the actions of the groups of organs (GOl); G02) of the system (SI), makes it possible to obtain a fabric with no gauze (Figure; 16a); (Figure: 16b), identical in shape to that mentioned in the reference cited above. Through the analysis of the movements carried out by the different threads, in the different phases, for the realization of a step of gauze, apart from the means of insertion of the wefts, our system (SI) uses techniques that can have a mechanical or electrical/electronic character (Figure: 27). These new techniques developed allow:

1- the formation of a gauze step using a loom with a single blade (A), doubly controlled, to pull only the tower yarn (1) and without pulling the fixed yarns (2; 2'; 2 ”) nor their intersection with the frames ( ^1st and ^2nd frame),

2- the horizontal displacement, to the right or to the left of the fixed wires (2; 2'; 2”), using a sliding bar (T) provided with rods which fork on the said fixed wires. Recalling that the horizontal movement of the fixed wires leads to that of the zones (x) and (y) which they delimit, which allows the turn wire to pass either through the zone (x) or through the zone (y) at the time of its pull up and/or down and, with each pull, the thread in question performs a specific task. The upward draw is used to form a shed ( ^1st and ^2nd shed), with the fixed threads and the downward draw is used to tighten a weft ( ^1st or ^2nd weft) on the side left or on the right side of the fixed wire (2') (Figure: 16a) (Figure: 16b); (Figures: 21a); (Figures: 21b); (Figures: 25a) (Figures: 25b). The operations thus described are operations synchronized with the pulling of the lathe wire.

3- the integration, in a suitable way, of the blade (A) doubly controlled, and the bar provided with rods (T), in a classic loom allows the realization of a step of gauze with this classic system while retaining the original mob-forming device it is equipped with. /.

Claims

Claims 1- Single blade system for the production of a fabric with no gauze, characterized in that it is formed of a single blade, doubly controlled, to pull the threads around and without pulling the fixed threads and, these the latter are the subject of a horizontal translation thanks to the use of a sliding bar (T) provided with rods which are forked on said fixed wires and that the horizontal movement of the fixed wires causes that of the zones (x) and (y) that they delimit, to allow the tower wires to pass through the zones (x) then through the zones (y) (or vice versa) (Figure: 3) when they are drawn upwards and/or towards the bottom and, at each draw, the threads in question are used either to form crowds with the fixed threads, to tighten a weft on one side of the fixed threads, and to tighten the following weft on the other side of the same fixed threads while passing only under these fixed threads and, the two types of movement of the different types of threads (turn threads, fixed threads and weft) are done in a synchronized manner to achieve the gauze steps needed to make a gauze step fabric (Figure: 14a; 14b). 2- single blade system for producing a gauze-pitch fabric, according to claim 1, characterized in that the commands of the single blade (A) and those of the sliding bar (T), commands received from the device crowd formation (1) through its groups of active organs (GOl) and (G02), (Figure: 27); (Figure: 28); (Figure: 29); (Figure: 30), can be mechanical or electrical/electronic. 3- single blade system for the production of a fabric with no gauze, according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the blade (A) and the bar (T), taken together or separately, can make the object of physico-chemical modification to improve its performance (S 1) or for the manufacture of a fabric with a specific character. 4- Single blade system for the production of a fabric with no gauze, according to claims 1; 2 or 3, characterized in that it can use, in a simple or combined manner, any type of material for the manufacture of a leno tablecloth. 5- Single blade system for the production of a fabric with no gauze, according to claims 1; 2; 3 or 4, characterized in that it can be associated with any tool or device tending to improve its performance. 6- Single blade system for the production of a gauze pitch fabric, according to claims 1; 2; 3; 4 or 5, characterized in that it can be linked to a computer for operation, for the acquisition of data and their processing.