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WO2022188369A1 - Système de récupération de déchets de pale d'éolienne par pyrolyse et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Système de récupération de déchets de pale d'éolienne par pyrolyse et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022188369A1
WO2022188369A1 PCT/CN2021/114589 CN2021114589W WO2022188369A1 WO 2022188369 A1 WO2022188369 A1 WO 2022188369A1 CN 2021114589 W CN2021114589 W CN 2021114589W WO 2022188369 A1 WO2022188369 A1 WO 2022188369A1
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pyrolysis
gas
outlet
blade
inlet
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Ceased
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林伟荣
蔡安民
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of resource recovery, and in particular relates to a waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system and a working method thereof.
  • fan blades are mainly composed of composite materials (epoxy resin, etc.), fiber-reinforced materials (such as glass fiber, etc.), adhesives (such as epoxy adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, etc.) and coatings.
  • the material accounts for more than 90% of the blade weight.
  • the total amount of waste blades is relatively large, and the blade composite materials need to be reused to avoid secondary pollution to the environment.
  • Leaf reuse includes energy utilization and raw material utilization.
  • Energy utilization refers to the burning of leaves to utilize the calorific value of composite materials, such as the circulating fluidized bed boiler system and its working method designed by Huaneng Qingneng Institute for burning waste leaves (invention patent application number: 202011304148.6); raw material utilization refers to the Composites of used blades participate in similar resource streams, such as shredding blades for reuse in different products and processes, cement production, etc.
  • the efficient recycling of blade composite materials is still a challenge.
  • the industry is also continuing to explore more promising blade material recycling methods, such as chemical recycling.
  • blade composite materials can be considered as thermosetting plastics, including thermosetting resins (epoxy resin, etc.) and filling reinforcement materials (glass fiber, etc.).
  • thermosetting plastics are insoluble and insoluble, but thermal decomposition occurs at high temperatures, and the control of temperature will determine the degree of decomposition.
  • Thermal decomposition of blade thermosetting plastics, and the decomposition products can be used as raw materials after recycling. Compared with incineration and other methods, the property of resource recycling is more prominent, but there is no mature technology yet.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system and its working method, which can effectively crack the composite material in the waste blade and recover the cracked oil, and generally realize the fan Harmless and resourceful treatment of waste leaves.
  • the invention discloses a waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system, comprising a crushing and crushing system, a circulating fluidized bed boiler system, a pyrolysis reactor, an aggregate and a conveying device, a pyrolysis gas-solid separation system and a pyrolysis oil separation system;
  • the interior of the pyrolysis reactor includes a pyrolysis chamber and an air chamber.
  • the air chamber is located below the pyrolysis chamber.
  • the bottom of the air chamber is connected with a pyrolyzer flue gas inlet, and an air distribution plate is arranged between the air chamber and the pyrolysis chamber. , there are several air caps on the air distribution plate;
  • the pyrolysis reactor is respectively provided with a blade particle inlet, a circulating ash inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and a semi-coke outlet;
  • the crushing and crushing system is connected with the blade particle inlet;
  • the circulating fluidized bed boiler system includes a furnace, a horizontal flue, a first cyclone separator and a horizontal flue connected in sequence.
  • the bottom outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with two branches, and one branch is connected with a first returner , the first returner is connected to the return inlet of the furnace, and the other branch is connected to the circulating ash inlet;
  • the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the first cyclone and the circulating ash inlet is provided with a second returner;
  • the horizontal smoke There is an exhaust port on the road, and the exhaust port is connected with the flue gas inlet of the pyrolyzer;
  • the pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the pyrolysis gas-solid separation system, the solid outlet and semi-coke outlet of the pyrolysis gas-solid separation system are connected with the aggregate and the conveying device, and the aggregate and the conveying device are connected with the furnace; the pyrolysis gas-solid separation The gas outlet of the system is connected with the pyrolysis oil separation system;
  • the pyrolysis oil outlet of the pyrolysis oil separation system is connected with a pyrolysis oil storage bin, and the gas outlet of the pyrolysis oil separation system is connected with the furnace chamber.
  • the crushing and crushing system includes a crusher, an iron remover, a belt conveyor and a crusher connected in sequence, and the crusher passes through the first auger and the blade particle inlet.
  • the air extraction ports are respectively located upstream of the economizer and the air preheater in the horizontal flue, and the pipelines connecting the two air extraction ports are respectively provided with a first shut-off valve and a second shut-off valve.
  • a first induced draft fan is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the second shut-off valve and the flue gas inlet of the pyrolyzer.
  • the pyrolysis reactor is arranged obliquely, the blade particle inlet, the circulating ash inlet and the pyrolysis gas outlet are sequentially arranged on the upper wall of the pyrolysis reactor, and a falling plate is arranged between the blade particle inlet and the circulating ash inlet, and the falling particles There are several round holes on the plate, the diameter of the round holes is larger than the particle size of the blade particles; a first partition is arranged between the circulating ash inlet and the pyrolysis gas outlet; the upper ends of the falling plate and the first partition are connected to the pyrolysis gas The upper wall of the reactor is connected, and the lower part is spaced from the air distribution plate; a second baffle is arranged below the pyrolysis gas outlet, one end of the second baffle is connected to the first baffle, and the other end is connected to the side of the pyrolysis reactor. There are gaps in the walls.
  • both the pelletizing plate and the first partition plate are perpendicular to the air distribution plate, and the second partition plate is parallel to the air distribution plate.
  • the cross-sectional area of the air chamber gradually expands along the flue gas inlet of the pyrolyzer to the air distribution plate; the pyrolyzer flue gas inlet is arranged at the center of the bottom of the air chamber.
  • the pyrolysis gas-solid separation system includes a second cyclone separator and a third cyclone separator connected in two stages, the gas outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the inlet of the third cyclone separator, and the second cyclone separator Both the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator and the bottom outlet of the third cyclone separator are connected to the aggregate and conveying device, and the connecting pipeline between the bottom outlet of the second cyclone separator and the aggregate and conveying device is provided with a sixth stop valve, and the third cyclone separator is provided with a sixth stop valve.
  • a seventh shut-off valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the bottom outlet and the aggregate and conveying device; the gas outlet of the third cyclone separator is connected with the pyrolysis oil separation system.
  • the pyrolysis oil separation system includes a spray cooler, a plurality of spray nozzles are arranged inside the spray cooler, and the spray cooler is provided with a cooling water outlet, a pyrolysis oil outlet and a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the pyrolysis oil outlet is connected to the pyrolysis oil outlet.
  • the storage bin is connected, and the cracked gas outlet is connected with the furnace.
  • a mist eliminator is provided at the cracked gas outlet, and a second induced draft fan and a fifth shut-off valve are provided on the connecting pipeline between the cracked gas outlet and the furnace.
  • the working method of the above-mentioned waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system disclosed in the present invention includes:
  • the waste leaves are processed by the crushing and pulverizing system to become leaf particles and transported to the blade particle inlet; a part of the high-temperature circulating ash separated by the first cyclone separator is transported to the pyrolysis reactor, and the exhaust port on the tail flue extracts the flue gas from the pyrolyzer.
  • the flue gas inlet enters the pyrolysis reactor and flows through the air chamber and the air cap into the pyrolysis chamber.
  • the blade particles and high-temperature circulating ash are fully mixed for pyrolysis; the gaseous cracked oil is mixed with cracked gas and fluidized flue gas It is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet together with the fine particles.
  • the solid particles and the pyrolysis semi-coke discharged from the semi-coke outlet enter the aggregate and conveying device and then return to the furnace for incineration;
  • the pyrolysis gas flowing out of the solid separation system enters the pyrolysis oil separation system, and the separated pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil storage silo for further processing.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the invention discloses a waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system with independent and flexible structure, which can realize the coordinated operation of the CFB boiler and the pyrolysis recovery system or the independent operation of the CFB boiler, and can also perform comprehensive disposal of other thermosetting waste plastics.
  • This system is based on the design of high-efficiency pyrolysis reactor and process, which can effectively crack the composite materials in the waste leaves and recover the cracked oil produced by the cracking.
  • the cracked oil can be used to produce fuel oil or as raw materials for synthesizing epoxy resin, which can be recycled and produced.
  • Fan blades Before pyrolysis, the blades are less pre-treated, only the waste blades need to be crushed and pulverized, and they are less picky about blade materials.
  • pyrolysis gas is pumped to the furnace for effective incineration, and the calorific value contained in it is effectively used, and the pollutants generated during the combustion process can be discharged up to the standard with the help of the environmental protection devices (such as desulfurization and denitrification devices) equipped with the original boiler system.
  • environmental protection devices such as desulfurization and denitrification devices
  • the flue gas is extracted from the tail flue as the fluidizing gas in the pyrolysis reactor, which can be used for preliminary heating of blade particles, and provides a low-oxygen environment for blade particle cracking, which is conducive to more cracking of blade composite materials and precipitation of pyrolysis oil. .
  • the pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere in the pyrolysis reactor effectively avoids the potential generation and emission of dioxins caused by direct incineration of waste blades, and generally realizes the harmless and resourceful treatment of waste blades of fans.
  • the total amount of pyrolyzed blade particles is smaller than the coal-fired amount of the unit, and the pyrolysis system has less impact on the boiler operation, while the pyrolysis semi-coke is sent back to the furnace for incineration, which has a significant impact on the boiler operation and the composition of fly ash/bottom slag. neglect.
  • the comprehensive recycling technology of blade materials is mature and used on a large scale, it can effectively solve the impact of waste blades on the environment, and can produce good environmental protection and economic benefits.
  • the crushing and crushing system gradually processes the blades into particles with smaller particle size through the crusher and pulverizer, which is conducive to full pyrolysis; at the same time, the iron remover removes the metal parts (such as small bolts, etc.)
  • the flow of metal parts into the pyrolyzer and boiler system adversely affects.
  • the extraction temperature upstream of the economizer is generally 500-550°C
  • the extraction temperature upstream of the air preheater is generally 300-350°C.
  • the extraction volume is controlled by adjusting the opening of the first stop valve and the second stop valve.
  • the temperature of the mixed flue gas is 350-450 °C, which can be used as the fluidized flue gas in the pyrolysis reactor.
  • the setting of the falling plate and the first partition in the pyrolysis reactor enables the blade particles and the high-temperature circulating ash to fully contact and exchange heat for a long time; at the same time, the blocking effect of the second partition is blocked by the high-speed airflow at the outlet of the hood.
  • the agitated circulating ash and blade particles are blocked and dropped, and repeated many times to achieve a sufficient pyrolysis reaction, effectively avoiding the need to understand that the hot semi-coke (including circulating ash, blade particles and pyrolyzed particles) is directly carried out by the airflow , reducing the particle concentration of the gas stream in the pyrolysis gas outlet.
  • the blade particles and circulating ash can be smoothly transported to the semi-coke outlet at the bottom of the side after sufficient pyrolysis, and are smoothly discharged, avoiding clogging. .
  • the pyrolysis gas gas-solid separation system adopts a two-stage cyclone separator, which has high separation efficiency and good effect.
  • the working method of the waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system disclosed in the present invention can flexibly control the independent operation of the CFB boiler or the coordinated operation of the CFB boiler and the waste blade pyrolysis recovery device.
  • the total amount of pyrolyzed blade particles is smaller than the coal-fired amount of the unit, and the pyrolysis system has less impact on the boiler operation, while the pyrolysis semi-coke is sent back to the furnace for incineration, which has a significant impact on the boiler operation and the composition of fly ash/bottom slag. neglect.
  • a large amount of waste blade disposal can be achieved by the continuous operation of the CFB boiler.
  • the resources are fully utilized in the treatment process, and the harmless and resource-based treatment of the waste blades of the fan is generally realized, resulting in good environmental protection and economic benefits.
  • Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the crushing and pulverizing system of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the pyrolysis reactor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a falling plate in the pyrolysis reactor of the present invention.
  • the fourth shut-off valve 23 is air distribution plate; 26 is cooling water inlet; 27 is spray nozzle; 28 is spray cooler; 29 is cooling water outlet; 30 is crusher; 31 is iron remover; 32 is belt conveyor; 33 is crushing 34 is the first auger; 35 is the pyrolyzer flue gas inlet; 36 is the blade particle inlet; 37 is the circulating ash inlet; 38 is the pyrolysis gas outlet; 39 is the semi-coke outlet; 40 is the second auger; 41 is the falling plate; 42 is the first partition; 43 is the second partition; 44 is the second induced draft fan; 45 is the fifth stop valve; 46 is the mist eliminator;
  • the waste fan blade pyrolysis recovery system of the present invention mainly consists of 3 parts:
  • the first part is a conventional circulating fluidized bed boiler, including furnace 1, horizontal flue 2, first cyclone 3, tail flue 4, economizer 5, air preheater 6, first return device 7,
  • the secondary air duct 8 and other equipment and devices of the CFB boiler not shown in FIG. 1 such as the primary air system, the heating surface, the dust collector and the chimney, etc.
  • the CFB boiler system can operate normally regardless of whether the fan blade pyrolysis recovery device is running.
  • the second part is the crushing and crushing device of the discarded blades.
  • the waste blades are divided into 2-3 meters long segments in wind farms and blade enterprises and transported to the location of the CFB boiler for temporary storage.
  • the segmented blades are sent to the crusher 30, and the blades are initially crushed into block-shaped raw materials with a length of 2 to 5 cm through the mechanical structure of the crusher 30, which is engaged with each other and cut.
  • the crusher 30 exits. After discharge, it directly falls into the downstream iron remover 31.
  • the iron remover 31 is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption system, which can adsorb metal parts (such as small bolts, etc.) entrained in the raw materials, and prevent the metal parts from flowing into the pyrolysis and boiler system. .
  • a belt conveyor 32 with a certain angle is arranged below the outlet of the iron remover 31 to lift the bulk raw material to the entrance of the pulverizer 33 installed at the same height as the pyrolysis reactor 9.
  • the pulverizer 33 further pulverizes the bulk raw material into Particles with an average particle size of 3 to 5 mm.
  • the blade particles are discharged from the pulverizer 33 through the first auger 34 and transported to the blade particle inlet 36 of the pyrolysis reactor 9 .
  • the third part is the pyrolysis recycling part of the blade particles.
  • the exhaust ports are provided at the appropriate positions upstream of the economizer 5 and the air preheater 6 in the tail flue 4 of the CFB boiler, and the exhaust pipes are connected.
  • the first induced draft fan 12 provides power to extract the tail of different temperatures. flue gas.
  • the extraction temperature upstream of the economizer 5 is between 500 and 550°C
  • the extraction temperature at the upstream of the air preheater 6 is between 300 and 350°C.
  • the flue gas inlet 35 enters the plenum 13 of the pyrolysis reactor 9 .
  • the pipelines connecting the economizer 5 and the upstream suction port of the air preheater 6 are jointly connected to a gas mixing chamber with a smooth inner cavity, which is output after thorough mixing.
  • the pyrolysis reactor 9 has a square structure as a whole, and the bottom is an air chamber 13 in the shape of a truncated cone. The center of the bottom of the air chamber 13 is provided with a pyrolyzer flue gas inlet 35, The top of the air chamber 13 is an air distribution plate 23, and the upper regions of the air distribution plate 23 are respectively provided with air caps 14 at different angles.
  • the top of the pyrolysis reactor 9 is provided with three inlets/outlets, namely the blade particle inlet 36 , the circulating ash inlet 37 and the pyrolysis gas outlet 38 .
  • the shattering plate 41 is a square flat plate, on which circular holes with a specific diameter (slightly larger than the average diameter of the blade particles) are regularly arranged to separate the pyrolysis reactor 9 into a square chamber, and the outlet is obliquely downward .
  • a first partition plate 42 is also provided below the falling plate 41 of the pyrolysis reactor 9, and another chamber is formed between the two, and a circulating ash inlet 37 is provided on the upper surface of the chamber.
  • part of the circulating ash flows to the circulating ash inlet 37 through the action of the third shut-off valve 19 and the fourth returning device 20 .
  • the circulating ash falls into the chamber between the first partition plate 42 and the falling plate 41, mixes with the falling blade particles, heats the blade particles rapidly, and is arranged by the inclined arrangement near the bottom of the first partition plate 42 under the action of gravity (That is, the air distribution plate 23 is vertically arranged, see Fig. 3 for details)
  • the rapid airflow action of the air cap 14 pushes the mixture of high temperature circulating ash and blade particles to the lower end smoothly.
  • the circulating ash and blade particles stirred by the high-speed airflow at the outlet of the hood 14 are blocked and dropped, repeated many times to achieve a sufficient pyrolysis reaction, and finally fall to the semi-coke outlet at the bottom of the side 39, and finally discharged through the second auger 40.
  • the blade particles are preliminarily mixed with the circulating ash through the falling plate 41 and are discharged from the pyrolysis reactor 9 together with the circulating ash. The whole process takes a long time. Under the action of high-speed airflow at the outlet of the hood 14, the blade particles are fully heated, Pyrolysis is more sufficient. The glass fibers that cannot be decomposed in the blade particles are discharged together with the circulating ash.
  • the average temperature of the mixture can be effectively controlled.
  • the temperature of the circulating ash is relatively high (850-950°C), and the blade particles with more circulating ash and less ash can control the average temperature of the pyrolysis reactor 9 to be 400-450°C through the stirring effect of the fluidized flue gas.
  • the blade composite material (such as epoxy resin, etc.) can be decomposed into cracked oil and cracked gas, and the proportion of cracked oil is higher.
  • the cracked oil contains composite material monomers or its low-molecular polymers, etc.
  • the cracked gas mainly contains CO, CO 2 , C1-C4 alkanes and olefins, etc.
  • there are more pyrolysis oil and less pyrolysis gas in the decomposition product which is the pyrolysis effect that the patent hopes to achieve.
  • the pyrolysis oil is also in a gaseous state, and is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 38 together with the pyrolysis gas, fluidized flue gas and fine particles.
  • the pyrolysis reactor 9 is provided with a second partition 43, which can effectively prevent the thermal semi-coke (including circulating ash, blade particles and pyrolyzed particles) from being directly carried out by the airflow, reducing the pyrolysis rate.
  • the particle concentration of the gas stream in the gas outlet 38 is provided with a second partition 43, which can effectively prevent the thermal semi-coke (including circulating ash, blade particles and pyrolyzed particles) from being directly carried out by the airflow, reducing the pyrolysis rate.
  • Two cyclone separators namely the second cyclone separator 15 and the third cyclone separator 16 are connected in series downstream of the pyrolysis gas outlet 38 to separate the dust particles carried in the pyrolysis gas, and the air flow inside the third cyclone separator 16 rotates Higher flow rates separate finer particles.
  • the separated particles pass through the sixth cut-off valve 17 and the seventh cut-off valve 18 respectively, and fall into the aggregate and transporter 22 together with the pyrolysis semi-coke discharged from the semi-coke outlet 39, and are finally sent back to the CFB after collection.
  • the furnace 1 of the boiler participates in the incineration.
  • a fourth shut-off valve 21 is arranged near the end of the return pipe to prevent the flue gas from the furnace 1 from blowing back.
  • the dust particles separated by the separator can pass smoothly and fall into the aggregate and transporter 22 through the pipeline.
  • the fourth shut-off valve 21 can prevent the flue gas from the furnace 1 from entering the two cyclones.
  • the aggregate and conveyer 22 is similar to the rewinder, and the first reverter 7 and the fourth reverter 20 are connected to the Roots blower through pipes, and the Roots blower provides high-pressure fluidization Wind to achieve smooth fluidization and avoid local blockage. Since the returner system of the CFB boiler is relatively mature, the pipes connecting the Roots blower and each returner are not shown in Figure 1).
  • cracked gas flowing out from the outlet of the third cyclone 16 (the mixture of fluidized flue gas, blade particle cracked gas and extremely low concentration particles, referred to as cracked gas or pyrolysis gas) is introduced into the spray cooler 28, Inside the spray cooler 28, a large number of spray nozzles 27 are regularly arranged on the top surface, and the spray nozzles 27 are connected to the cooling water inlet 26 for atomizing and spraying the cooling water down, and the atomized water droplets It is fully contacted with the high temperature pyrolysis gas for heat exchange, and the cooling water is discharged from the cooling water outlet 29.
  • cracked gas or pyrolysis gas the mixture of fluidized flue gas, blade particle cracked gas and extremely low concentration particles
  • the gaseous pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis gas is condensed and condensed, most of which are attached to the cooling water droplets and fall into the water storage layer at the bottom of the spray cooler 28.
  • the volume of the pyrolysis gas is reduced by cooling, but because the cooling water droplets evaporate into water vapor, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange can be maintained at 110°C, so that the pressure in the closed spray cooler 28 will not change greatly. .
  • the spray-cooled cracked gas is removed by the mist eliminator 46 to remove the entrained mist/water droplets, and the components are mainly N 2 , CO 2 , CO, H 2 O, C1-C4 alkanes and olefins, and low-concentration alkanes and alkenes. O 2 .
  • these gases are sent into the furnace 1 through the fifth shut-off valve 45, and the combustible components participate in the combustion and release the calorific value.
  • the pyrolysis semi-coke entering the boiler through the fourth shut-off valve 21 also fully reacts in a high temperature environment, that is, the combustible composite material remaining in the blade particles is incinerated, and other incombustible materials such as glass fiber particles collide repeatedly in the furnace 1 With crushing, fly ash or bottom slag is formed.
  • the glass fiber fly ash particles and other conventional fly ash particles are finally captured by the dust collector at the end of the tail flue 4.
  • the glass fiber composition is silicate of metal elements such as aluminum, calcium, sodium, and magnesium, and its composition is similar to that of coal-fired fly ash.
  • the amount of waste leaves disposed of by the pyrolysis reactor 9 is relatively small, so it can be considered that the impact of incineration and pyrolysis semi-coke on the quality of the original fly ash can be ignored.
  • the waste blades are divided into 2-3 meters long segments in wind farms and blade enterprises and transported to the location of the CFB boiler for temporary storage.
  • the segmented blades are sent to the crusher 30 to be preliminarily crushed into block-shaped raw materials with a length of 2-5 cm, and the iron remover 31 downstream of the crusher 30 is passed through the electromagnetic adsorption system. such as small bolts, etc.).
  • the bulk raw material is lifted to a pulverizer 33 installed at the same height as the pyrolysis reactor 9 through a belt conveyor 32 installed at a certain angle to the ground, and further pulverized into particles with an average particle size of 3-5 mm.
  • the blade particles are discharged from the pulverizer 33 through the first auger 34 and transported to the blade particle inlet 36 of the pyrolysis reactor 9 .
  • the temperature of the two flue gases after mixing is 350-450° C., which is used as the fluidized flue gas in the pyrolysis reactor 9 .
  • the two flue gases extracted from the tail flue 4 are mixed, they enter the air chamber 13 of the pyrolysis reactor 9, and enter the chamber of the pyrolysis reactor 9 through the air cap 14 arranged on the air distribution plate 23.
  • the partition of the chamber above the air distribution plate 23 in the pyrolysis reactor 9 by the particle plate 41, the first baffle 42 and the second baffle 43 realizes the effective mixing of blade particles and high-temperature circulating ash, and the temperature of the entire pyrolysis reactor is Controlling the temperature at 400-450 °C is beneficial to the decomposition of the blade composite material in the form of cracked oil as much as possible.
  • the pyrolysis reaction time is long, and the blade particles achieve effective pyrolysis without blocking the inner chamber.
  • the glass fibers that cannot be decomposed in the blade particles are discharged together with the circulating ash.
  • the pyrolysis oil is also in a gaseous state, and is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 38 together with the pyrolysis gas, fluidized flue gas and fine particles.
  • Two cyclone separators namely the second cyclone separator 15 and the third cyclone separator 16 are connected in series downstream of the pyrolysis gas outlet 38 to separate the dust particles carried in the pyrolysis gas, and the air flow inside the third cyclone separator 16 Higher rotational flow rates separate finer particles.
  • the separated particles fall into the aggregate and conveyor 22 together with the pyrolysis semi-coke discharged from the semi-coke outlet 39, and are finally sent back to the furnace 2 of the CFB boiler for incineration.
  • the cracked gas flowing out from the outlet of the third cyclone 16 is introduced into the spray cooler 28, and a larger number of spray nozzles 27 regularly arranged at the top of the cooling water fully break the cooling water into small droplets, which are mixed with the high-temperature cracked gas.
  • the gaseous pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis gas is condensed and condensed, most of which are attached to the cooling water droplets and fall into the water storage layer at the bottom of the spray cooler 28 . Taking advantage of the difference in density between the cooled pyrolysis oil and water, the pyrolysis oil will accumulate and be drawn into the pyrolysis oil storage bin 47 for centralized processing in the next step.
  • the spray-cooled pyrolysis gas is removed by the mist eliminator 46 to remove the carried mist/water droplets, under the action of the second induced draft fan 44, all of it is sent to the furnace 1 for incineration treatment.
  • the pyrolysis semi-coke entering the boiler from the valve 21 also reacts sufficiently in the high temperature environment of the furnace 1, the combustible composite material remaining in the blade particles is incinerated, and other incombustibles such as glass fiber particles form fly ash or bottom slag in the furnace 1.
  • the glass fiber fly ash particles and other conventional fly ash particles are finally captured by the dust collector at the end of the tail flue 4. Since the amount of waste leaves disposed of by the pyrolysis reactor 9 is small, the pyrolysis semi-coke is incinerated in the CFB boiler and disposes of the original material. The quality effect of fly ash can be ignored.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique de la récupération de ressources, et concerne un système de récupération de déchets de pale d'éolienne par pyrolyse et un procédé de fonctionnement associé. Le système comprend un système de broyage et de battage, un système de chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant, un réacteur de pyrolyse, un dispositif de collecte et de transport, un système de séparation gaz-solide de pyrolyse et un système de séparation d'huile de pyrolyse. Des matériaux composites dans les déchets de pale peuvent être efficacement soumis à une pyrolyse, de l'huile de pyrolyse générée par pyrolyse peut être récupérée, un gaz de pyrolyse est pompé vers un foyer pour être efficacement incinéré de telle sorte qu'une valeur de chaleur incluse dans celui-ci est efficacement utilisée, les polluants générés dans un procédé de combustion peuvent réaliser une émission standard au moyen d'un dispositif respectueux de l'environnement installé dans un système de chaudière d'origine, et une réaction de pyrolyse dans une atmosphère anoxique dans le réacteur de pyrolyse évite efficacement les problèmes potentiels de génération et d'émission de dioxine provoqués par l'incinération directe des déchets de pale, etc, de manière à obtenir d'une manière générale un traitement sans danger et renouvelable sur les déchets de pale. Avant qu'une technologie de recyclage complète de matériaux de pale soit mature et utilisée à grande échelle, des impacts des déchets de pales sur l'environnement, etc, peuvent être efficacement résolus, et de bons avantages de protection de l'environnement et des avantages économiques sont générés.
PCT/CN2021/114589 2021-03-09 2021-08-25 Système de récupération de déchets de pale d'éolienne par pyrolyse et son procédé de fonctionnement Ceased WO2022188369A1 (fr)

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