WO2022185609A1 - 光学系、及び、画像表示装置 - Google Patents
光学系、及び、画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022185609A1 WO2022185609A1 PCT/JP2021/040064 JP2021040064W WO2022185609A1 WO 2022185609 A1 WO2022185609 A1 WO 2022185609A1 JP 2021040064 W JP2021040064 W JP 2021040064W WO 2022185609 A1 WO2022185609 A1 WO 2022185609A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0016—Grooves, prisms, gratings, scattering particles or rough surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0075—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. increasing, the depth of field or depth of focus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
- G02B2027/0125—Field-of-view increase by wavefront division
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to optical systems and image display devices.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an optical element (optical system) including a waveguide (light guide member) for expanding an exit pupil in two directions.
- the optical element comprises three diffractive optical elements (DOEs).
- a first DOE couples light from the display element into the waveguide.
- a second DOE expands the exit pupil in a first direction along a first coordinate axis.
- a third DOE expands the exit pupil in a second direction along a second coordinate axis to cause the light to exit the waveguide.
- Patent Document 1 The optical element described in Patent Document 1 is used, for example, in head-mounted displays. In head-mounted displays, it is sometimes desired to reduce the size of waveguides of optical elements, depending on how the optical elements are used.
- the present disclosure provides an optical system and an image display device in which the size of the light guide member can be reduced.
- An optical system includes a projection optical system that projects image light forming an image output from a display device, and guides the image light projected by the projection optical system to a user's visual field area as a virtual image. and a light guide member.
- the light guide member has a coupling region that guides the image light into the light guide member and directs it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member, and directs the image light from the coupling region along the first axis. and a propagation region for directing a portion of the image light in a prescribed direction including a directional component of a second axis orthogonal to the first axis.
- the distance from the projection optical system to the entrance pupil of the projection optical system with respect to the display element in the plane orthogonal to the first axis is the projection optical system. to said coupling region.
- An image display device includes the optical system described above and the display element.
- FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of a configuration example of an image display device including an optical system according to an embodiment Schematic view of the image display device in FIG. 1 on the YZ plane Schematic diagram in the XY plane of a configuration example of the light guide member of the optical system of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the position of the entrance pupil in the YZ plane of the projection optical system of the image display device of FIG. 1. Explanatory drawing of the position of the entrance pupil in the XZ plane of the projection optical system of the image display apparatus of FIG. Schematic diagram of the image display device of Modification 1 on the YZ plane Schematic diagram of the image display device of modification 2 on the YZ plane FIG.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the entrance pupil in the XZ plane of the projection optical system of the image display device of Modification 3; Schematic diagram in the XY plane of a configuration example of the light guide member of the image display device of Modification 4 Schematic diagram in the XY plane of another configuration example of the light guide member of the image display device of Modification 4 Schematic diagram in the XY plane of a structural example of the light guide member of the image display device of Modification 5 Schematic diagram in the XY plane of a configuration example of the light guide member of the image display device of Modification 6 Schematic diagram in the XY plane of a structural example of the light guide member of the image display device of Modification 7
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the entrance pupil in the YZ plane of the projection optical system of the image display device of Modification 8; Explanatory drawing of the position of the entrance pupil in the XZ plane of the projection optical system of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration example of an image display device 1.
- the image display device 1 is, for example, a head-mounted display (HMD) that is worn on the user's head and displays an image (video).
- HMD head-mounted display
- FIG. 1 The X-axis corresponds to the horizontal direction and the Y-axis corresponds to the vertical direction.
- the Z-axis corresponds to the front-back direction of the user.
- "direction of XX axis” means a direction parallel to XX axis passing through an arbitrary point.
- expressions such as "directed in the direction of XX” and “propagated in the direction of XX” with respect to light mean that the light forming the image as a whole is directed in the direction of XX, and forms the image.
- a ray included in the light may be tilted with respect to the ⁇ direction.
- “light directed in the direction of XX” only requires that the principal ray of this light is directed in the direction of XX, and the secondary ray of light may be inclined with respect to the direction of XX.
- the image display device 1 includes a display element 2 and an optical system 3.
- the display element 2 outputs image light L1 that forms an image.
- the optical system 3 includes a light guide member 4 and a projection optical system 5 .
- the projection optical system 5 projects image light L ⁇ b>1 forming an image output from the display element 2 .
- the light guide member 4 guides the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 to the user's visual field area 7 as a virtual image.
- the light guide member 4 has a coupling area 41 and a propagation area 42 .
- the coupling region 41 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction of the first axis (the X axis in the present embodiment) within the light guide member 4 .
- the propagation region 42 propagates the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 in the direction of the first axis, and transmits a part (L2) of the image light L1 to the second axis (Y axis) (the direction of the second axis in this embodiment).
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the image display device 1 of FIG. 1 on the YZ plane. As shown in FIG. 2, on the optical path of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5, from the projection optical system 5 in a plane perpendicular to the first axis (in this embodiment, a YZ plane perpendicular to the X axis) is longer than the distance D10 from the projection optical system 5 to the coupling region 41 .
- the "entrance pupil of the projection optical system with respect to the display element” corresponds to the aperture stop of the projection optical system.
- Position of the entrance pupil of the projection optical system with respect to the display element is the central ray of the light flux emitted from each point of the display element constituting the image light L1, when viewed in a cross section parallel to the optical axis of the projection optical system. , at which it intersects with the optical axis.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram in the XY plane of a configuration example of the light guide member 4 of the optical system 3 of FIG.
- the image display device 1 on the optical path of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5, within a plane orthogonal to the first axis from the projection optical system 5 (in this embodiment, a YZ plane orthogonal to the X axis)
- the distance D1 from the display element 2 to the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 is longer than the distance D10 from the projection optical system 5 to the coupling area 41 .
- the projection optical system 5 and the light guide member 4 are arranged in a straight line, the projection optical system for the display element 2 in the plane perpendicular to the first axis (the YZ plane perpendicular to the X axis)
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 of the system 5 is on the opposite side of the projection optics 5 with respect to the coupling region 41 .
- the area from the projection optical system 5 to the entrance pupil P1 light rays from each point of the display element 2 forming the image light L1 converge and diverge from the entrance pupil P1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, within the propagation area 42, the light rays from each point of the display element 2 that constitute the image light L1 can be converged.
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 is positioned with respect to the coupling region 41. It is on the same side as the projection optical system 5 .
- the light rays from each point of the display element 2 forming the image light L1 diverge without converging. Therefore, as in the image display device 1 of the present embodiment, by converging light rays from each point of the display element 2 that constitute the image light L1 in the propagation area 42, the propagation area 42 spreads from the display element 2. , the size required for propagating the image light L1 can be reduced. As a result, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the image display device 1 of the present embodiment will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
- FIG. 1 the image display device 1 includes a display element 2 and an optical system 3 .
- the display element 2 outputs image light L1 forming an image in order to display an image (video).
- the image light L1 includes light rays output from each point of the display element 2 .
- Each point of the display element 2 corresponds to each pixel of the display element 2, for example.
- the display element 2 is arranged such that the optical axis of the display element 2 is along the Z-axis, and the horizontal direction and vertical direction of the image displayed on the display element 2 are along the X-axis and the Y-axis, respectively.
- the optical axis of the display element 2 is the optical axis of the image light L1.
- the optical axis of the image light L1 is the optical axis of the light output from the center of the display element 2, for example.
- Examples of the display element 2 include known displays such as a liquid crystal display and an organic EL display.
- the display element 2 has output angle characteristics in which the image light L1 is wider on the second axis than on the first axis.
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane perpendicular to the first axis (the YZ plane perpendicular to the X axis) and the position of the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 perpendicular to the second It becomes easy to vary the position of the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane (the XZ plane perpendicular to the Y axis).
- the optical system 3 guides the image light L1 output by the display element 2 to the viewing area 7 set for the user's eyes 6.
- the user can visually recognize the image formed by the display element 2 with his or her own eyes 6 without interruption.
- the optical system 3 expands the viewing area 7 by pupil dilation.
- the optical system 3 includes a light guide member 4 and a projection optical system 5.
- the light guide member 4 guides the image light L1 forming the image output from the display element 2 to the visual field area 7 of the user as a virtual image.
- the light guide member 4 has a plate shape. More specifically, the light guide member 4 has a plate-like body portion 40 .
- the body portion 40 is made of a transparent material and has a first surface 40a and a second surface 40b in the thickness direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the light guide member 4 is arranged such that the thickness of the body portion 40 is along the Z-axis, the first surface 40a is directed toward the display element 2, and the second surface 40b is directed toward the viewing area 7. placed.
- the light guide member 4 has a coupling area 41 and a propagation area 42 as elements for guiding the image light L1 from the display element 2 to the user's visual field area 7 .
- the coupling region 41 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction along the first axis within the light guide member 4 .
- the coupling region 41 is used for coupling between the display element 2 and the light guide member 4 .
- the coupling region 41 allows external light (image light L1) to enter the light guide member 4 so as to propagate through the light guide member 4 under the condition of total reflection.
- the term “coupling” used herein refers to a state in which light propagates through the light guide member 4 under the condition of total reflection.
- the first axis is orthogonal to the thickness direction of light guide member 4 .
- the first axis is the X-axis.
- the coupling region 41 is composed of a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image light L1.
- the periodic structure of the coupling region 41 is, for example, a transmissive diffraction grating.
- the joint region 41 is formed, for example, on the first surface 40a of the body portion 40 .
- the diffraction grating of the coupling region 41 may, for example, include a plurality of recesses or protrusions extending along the second axis and spaced apart along the first axis. In FIG. 2, the protrusions are shown as being arranged along the Y-axis only for the purpose of clearly showing that the coupling region 41 has a periodic structure having a diffraction effect.
- the coupling region 41 causes the image light L1 to enter the light guide member 4 under the condition of total reflection with respect to the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b by diffraction.
- the image light L1 is totally reflected by the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b in the light guide member 4 (that is, in the main body portion 40) by the coupling region 41, thereby Then move in the direction of the X axis).
- the size of the coupling area 41 is set so that part or all of the image light L1 from the display element 2 that has passed through the projection optical system 5 enters the coupling area 41 .
- the joint region 41 has an elliptical shape in the XY plane, with the major axis along the first axis and the minor axis along the second axis. That is, the dimension of the bonding region 41 along the second axis (Y-axis) is greater than the dimension of the bonding region 41 along the first axis (X-axis).
- the joint region 41 is not limited to an elliptical shape, and may be a rectangular shape in which the dimension of the joint region 41 along the second axis (Y-axis) is larger than the dimension of the joint region 41 along the first axis.
- the propagation area 42 includes a first extension area 421 and a second extension area 422 .
- the first expansion region 421 is arranged so as to be aligned with the coupling region 41 on the first axis.
- the first extension region 421 propagates the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 along the first axis, and directs part of the image light L1 (image light L2) in a prescribed direction.
- the specified direction is a direction including a directional component of a second axis orthogonal to the first axis.
- the second axis is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light guide member 4 and the first axis.
- the second axis is the Y-axis.
- the prescribed direction includes only the directional component of the second axis and matches the direction of the second axis.
- the first expansion region 421 expands the pupil of the image light L1 along the first axis. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the first expansion region 421 divides the image light L1 into a plurality of parallel image lights L2 directed in a prescribed direction, thereby dividing the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 into the image light L1. is replicated and dilated in the first axis.
- the first extended region 421 is composed of a periodic structure that has a diffractive action on the image light L1.
- the periodic structure of the first extended region 421 is, for example, a reflective diffraction grating.
- the first expansion region 421 is formed on the first surface 40a of the main body 40, for example.
- the diffraction gratings of the first extended region 421 extend along a direction inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the Y-axis in a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis and are arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction inclined by 135 degrees with respect to the Y-axis.
- a plurality of recesses or protrusions may be included.
- the size of the first expansion area 421 is set so that all the image light L1 from the coupling area 41 is incident on the first expansion area 421.
- the first expansion region 421 has a quadrangular shape on the XY plane.
- the first extension region 421 has a first end 421a and a second end 421b on the first axis. The first end 421a is closer to the coupling region 41 than the second end 421b.
- the width W1 and the width W2 are 0.
- the width W1 and the width W2 satisfy the relationship 0.4 ⁇ W1/W2 ⁇ 1.8, so that the image light L1 propagates in the direction of the first axis inside the light guide member 4.
- an increase in the size of the coupling area 41 can be suppressed. Therefore, by making the width of the first extended region 421 at the first end 421a equal to the width W1 of the optical path and the width of the first extended region 421 at the second end 421b equal to the width W2 of the optical path, the first The size of the extension region 421 can be reduced, and the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the dimension of the first extended region 421 along the first axis (X-axis) is set according to the dimension of the viewing region 7 along the first axis.
- the second expansion area 422 is arranged so as to be aligned with the first expansion area 421 on the second axis (Y-axis).
- the second extended region 422 propagates the image light L2 from the first extended region 421 in a prescribed direction, and emits a portion of the image light L2 (image light L3) from the light guide member 4 to the visual field region 7 .
- the second expansion region 422 expands the pupil of the image light L1 along the second axis. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the second expansion area 422 divides the image projected by the projection optical system 5 into a plurality of parallel image lights L3 directed from the light guide member 4 toward the viewing area 7 .
- the pupil of light L1 is replicated and expanded in the second axis.
- the image light L3 travels, for example, in the direction of the third axis.
- the second extended region 422 is composed of a periodic structure that has a diffractive action on the image light L2.
- the periodic structure of the second extended region 422 is, for example, a reflective diffraction grating.
- the second expansion region 422 is formed on the first surface 40a of the main body 40, for example.
- the diffraction grating of the second extended region 422 may include, for example, a plurality of recesses or protrusions extending in the direction of the first axis and arranged at predetermined intervals in the direction of the second axis.
- the size of the second expansion area 422 is set so that all the image light L2 from the first expansion area 421 is incident on the second expansion area 422.
- the second expansion region 422 has a rectangular shape on the XY plane.
- the dimension along the first axis (X-axis) of the second extended region 422 is equal to the dimension along the first axis of the first extended region 421 .
- the dimension of the second extended region 422 along the second axis (Y-axis) is set according to the dimension of the viewing region 7 along the second axis.
- the light guide member 4 divides the image light L1 that has entered the light guide member 4 from the coupling area 41 into a plurality of image lights L2 and L3 that are parallel to each other within the light guide member 4 to form the visual field areas. 7, the pupil of the image light L1 is duplicated and expanded. More specifically, the light guide member 4 has a coupling region 41 and a propagation region 42 , and the image light L1 entering the light guide member 4 from the coupling region 41 is transferred to the first expansion region 421 of the propagation region 42 .
- the second expansion region 422 divides the image light beams L2 and L3 parallel to each other in the light guide member 4 and emits them to the visual field region 7, thereby duplicating the pupil of the image light beam L1 on the first axis and the second axis. to extend.
- the projection optical system 5 projects image light L1 forming an image output from the display element 2 . Thereby, the projection optical system 5 allows the image light L ⁇ b>1 from the display element 2 to enter the light guide member 4 . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the projection optical system 5 is between the display element 2 and the coupling area 41 of the light guide member 4 . The projection optical system 5 , for example, collimates the image light L ⁇ b>1 from the display element 2 and makes it enter the coupling region 41 . The projection optical system 5 causes the image light L1 to enter the coupling region 41 as substantially collimated light.
- the projection optical system 5 is, for example, a biconvex lens.
- the projection optical system 5 is a projection optical system for the display element 2 within a plane orthogonal to the first axis (YZ plane orthogonal to the X axis) from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5.
- the distance D1 (see FIG. 4) to the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 is a plane orthogonal to the second axis from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 (XZ plane orthogonal to the Y axis) It is configured to be longer than the distance D2 (see FIG. 5) from the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 to the display element 2 inside.
- the projection optical system 5 and the light guide member 4 are arranged in a straight line, the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane perpendicular to the first axis (the YZ plane perpendicular to the X axis)
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 is farther from the projection optical system 5 than the position of the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis (the XZ plane orthogonal to the Y axis).
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the entrance pupil P1 in the YZ plane of the projection optical system 5 of the image display device 1.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the entrance pupil P2 on the XZ plane of the projection optical system 5 of the image display device 1.
- a portion of the light guide member 4 corresponding to the coupling region 41 is indicated by hatching in order to illustrate the coupling region 41 in an easy-to-understand manner.
- the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis from the projection optical system 5 is longer than the distance D10 from the projection optical system 5 to the coupling area 41 .
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis is the projection optical system It is on the opposite side of 5.
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 is set such that the light rays from each point of the display element 2 forming the image light L1 converge and diverge within the first extended region 421 of the propagation region 42 .
- the image light L1 incident on the coupling area 41 from the projection optical system 5 includes a principal ray L10 corresponding to the center of the virtual image and It includes a plurality of secondary rays L11-1, L11-2, .
- the plurality of secondary rays L11-1 and L11-2 intersect the principal ray L10 within the first extended region 421 of the propagation region .
- the term “intersection” means that the principal ray L10 and the secondary ray L11 intersect when the optical path is projected onto a plane containing the first axis and the second axis. good too.
- the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis from the projection optical system 5 is equal to the distance D20 from the projection optical system 5 to the coupling area 41 .
- the position of the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis (the XZ plane orthogonal to the Y axis) is the first surface 40a of the light guide member 4. at a position corresponding to the coupling region 41 . Therefore, light rays from each point of the display element 2 forming the image light L1 converge on the combined area 41 .
- the image light L1 incident on the coupling area 41 from the projection optical system 5 includes a principal ray L10 corresponding to the center of the virtual image and and a plurality of secondary rays L12-1, L12-2, .
- a plurality of secondary rays L12 intersect with the principal ray L10 at the coupling region 41 .
- the optical system 3 includes the projection optical system 5 that projects the image light L1 forming the image output from the display element 2, and the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 onto the user's visual field 7. and a light guide member 4 that guides as a virtual image to.
- the light guide member 4 includes a coupling region 41 that guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member 4, and the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 along the first axis. and a propagation region 42 for directing part of the image light L1 in a prescribed direction including a directional component of a second axis orthogonal to the first axis.
- the distance D1 from the projection optical system 5 to the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis is the projection optical system 5 to the coupling region 41 than the distance D10. According to this configuration, the size of the light guide member 4, particularly the propagation region 42 can be reduced.
- the light guide member 4 is plate-shaped, and each of the first axis, the second axis and the prescribed direction is orthogonal to the thickness direction of the light guide member 4 . With this configuration, the dimension of the second axis of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the image light L1 incident on the coupling area 41 from the projection optical system 5 is composed of a principal ray L10 corresponding to the center of the virtual image and a principal ray L10 in the direction of the second axis from the projection optical system 5 toward the coupling area 41. It includes a plurality of secondary rays L11-1 and L11-2 approaching the ray L10. A plurality of secondary rays L11-1 and L11-2 intersect the principal ray L10 within the propagation region . With this configuration, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the distance D1 from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1 to the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane perpendicular to the first axis is on the optical path of the image light L1.
- the distance D1 and the distance D2 satisfy 3.0 ⁇ D1/D2 ⁇ 100.
- the dimension of the coupling region 41 along the second axis is larger than the dimension of the coupling region 41 along the first axis.
- the propagation region 42 divides the image light L1 into a plurality of parallel image lights L2 directed in a prescribed direction, thereby replicating the pupil of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 on the first axis. It includes a first expansion area 421 that expands as This configuration allows pupil dilation in the first axis.
- the first extended region 421 has a first end 421a and a second end 421b on the first axis.
- the first end 421a is closer to the coupling region 41 than the second end 421b.
- the width W1 and the width W2 are 0.4 ⁇ W1/W2 ⁇ 1.8. satisfy the relationship According to this configuration, the first expansion area 421 can be made smaller, and the size of the propagation area 42 of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the propagation area 42 propagates the image light L2 from the first extended area 421 in a specified direction, and emits a partial image light L3 of the image light L2 from the light guide member 4 to the visual field area 7.
- the viewing area 7 can be widened.
- the propagation area 42 splits the image light L2 from the first extended area 421 into a plurality of parallel image lights L3 directed from the light guide member 4 toward the viewing area 7, so that the projection optical system 5 projects the image light L2.
- It includes a second expansion region 422 that duplicates and expands the pupil of the image light L1 in the second axis. This configuration allows pupil dilation in the second axis.
- the coupling region 41 includes a periodic structure that has a diffraction effect on the image light L1. With this configuration, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the light guide member 4 divides the image light L 1 that has entered the light guide member 4 from the coupling area 41 into a plurality of parallel image lights L 1 and L 2 within the light guide member 4 to form a visual field area 7 .
- the pupil of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 is duplicated and expanded. This configuration allows pupil dilation.
- the projection optical system 5 causes the image light L1 to enter the coupling area 41 as substantially collimated light. With this configuration, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the image display device 1 described above includes the optical system 3 and the display element 2 described above. With this configuration, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the display element 2 has output angle characteristics in which the image light L1 is wider on the second axis than on the first axis. According to this configuration, the position of the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis and the projection onto the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis are determined by the projection optical system 5. It becomes easy to make the position of the entrance pupil P2 of the optical system 5 different.
- Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the above embodiments.
- the above-described embodiment can be modified in various ways according to the design, etc., as long as the subject of the present disclosure can be achieved. Modifications of the above embodiment are listed below. Modifications described below can be applied in combination as appropriate.
- FIG. 6 shows the image display device 1 of Modification 1.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the image display device 1 of Modification 1 on the YZ plane.
- the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 is different from the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 of the image display device 1 of the above embodiment.
- the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 in FIG. 6 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member 4 .
- the coupling region 41 is composed of a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image light L1.
- the periodic structure of the coupling region 41 is, for example, a reflective diffraction grating.
- the joint region 41 is formed on the second surface 40b of the body portion 40, for example.
- the diffraction grating of the coupling region 41 may, for example, include a plurality of recesses or protrusions extending along the second axis and spaced apart along the first axis. In FIG. 6, the projections are illustrated along the Y-axis only for the purpose of clearly showing that the coupling region 41 has a periodic structure having a diffraction effect.
- the coupling region 41 causes the image light L1 to enter the light guide member 4 under the condition of total reflection with respect to the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b by diffraction.
- the image light L1 is totally reflected by the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b inside the light guide member 4 (that is, inside the main body 40) by the coupling region 41, and travels in the direction of the first axis.
- FIG. 7 shows the image display device 1 of Modification 2.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the image display device 1 of Modification 2 on the YZ plane.
- the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 is different from the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 of the image display device 1 of the above embodiment.
- the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 in FIG. 7 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member 4 .
- the coupling region 41 is composed of a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image light L1.
- the periodic structure of the coupling region 41 is, for example, a volume hologram (holographic diffraction grating) that produces diffraction by periodic modulation of the refractive index.
- the coupling region 41 is formed inside the body portion 40, for example.
- the diffraction grating of the coupling region 41 has, for example, a structure in which first portions 411 and second portions 412 having different refractive indices are alternately arranged.
- the coupling region 41 causes the image light L1 to enter the light guide member 4 under the condition of total reflection with respect to the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b by diffraction.
- the image light L1 is totally reflected by the first surface 40a and the second surface 40b inside the light guide member 4 (that is, inside the main body 40) by the coupling region 41, and travels in the direction of the first axis.
- FIG. 8 shows an image display device 1 of Modification 3.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the entrance pupil P2 in the XZ plane of the optical system 3 of the image display device 1 of Modification 3.
- a plane orthogonal to the second axis from the projection optical system 5 (XZ plane orthogonal to the Y axis)
- the distance D2 from the projection optical system 5 to the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 is longer than the distance D20 from the projection optical system 5 to the coupling region 41 .
- the projection optical system 5 and the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 are aligned in a straight line, the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis (the XZ plane orthogonal to the Y axis) is on the opposite side of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the coupling region 41 .
- distance D2 need not match distance D20. That is, the position of the entrance pupil P2 does not need to match the coupling region 41 as in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of the light guide member 4 of the image display device of Modification 4.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the light guide member 4 in the XY plane.
- the first axis is the X-axis and the second axis is the Y-axis, as in the above embodiment.
- the first extension region 421 of the propagation region 42 of FIG. 9 is arranged so as to be aligned with the coupling region 41 on the first axis (X-axis).
- the first expansion region 421 propagates the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 in the direction of the first axis (X-axis), and spreads part of the image light L1 along the second axis (Y-axis) orthogonal to the first axis.
- the specified direction includes direction components of the first axis and the second axis, unlike the above embodiment. That is, the prescribed direction is not the direction of the second axis orthogonal to the first axis, but the direction that intersects the first axis without being orthogonal.
- the directional component of the first axis included in the prescribed direction is the component in the direction from the first expansion region 421 toward the joint region 41 .
- FIG. 10 shows another configuration example of the light guide member 4 of the image display device of Modification 4.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the light guide member 4 in the XY plane.
- the first axis is the X-axis and the second axis is the Y-axis, as in the above embodiments.
- the first extension region 421 of the propagation region 42 of FIG. 10 is arranged so as to be aligned with the coupling region 41 on the first axis (X-axis).
- the first expansion region 421 propagates the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 in the direction of the first axis (X-axis), and spreads part of the image light L1 along the second axis (Y-axis) orthogonal to the first axis.
- the specified direction includes direction components of the first axis and the second axis, unlike the above embodiment. That is, the prescribed direction is not the direction of the second axis orthogonal to the first axis, but the direction that intersects the first axis without being orthogonal.
- the directional component of the first axis included in the prescribed direction is the component in the direction from the joint region 41 toward the first expansion region 421 .
- the specified direction does not necessarily have to match the direction of the second axis, and may be a direction that includes the directional component of the second axis.
- the specified direction includes the directional component of the first axis and the directional component of the second axis, but does not include the directional component of the third axis.
- the magnitude of the directional component of the second axis is greater than or equal to the magnitude of the directional component of the first axis.
- FIG. 11 shows the light guide member 4 of the image display device of Modification 5.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a configuration example of the light guide member 4 on the XY plane.
- the first axis is the X-axis and the second axis is the Y-axis, but in Modification 5 the first axis is the Y-axis and the second axis is the X-axis.
- the coupling region 41 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction of the first axis (Y-axis) within the light guide member 4 .
- the joint region 41 has an elliptical shape in the XY plane, with the major axis along the first axis (Y axis) and the minor axis along the second axis (X axis).
- the first extension region 421 of the propagation region 42 is arranged so as to line up with the coupling region 41 on the first axis (Y-axis).
- the first expansion region 421 propagates the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 in the direction of the first axis (Y-axis), and spreads part of the image light L1 along the second axis (X-axis) orthogonal to the first axis.
- the specified direction includes only the directional component of the second axis and matches the direction of the second axis.
- the second extension area 422 of the propagation area 42 is arranged to line up with the first extension area 421 on the second axis (X-axis).
- the second expansion region 422 propagates the image light L2 from the first expansion region 421 in a prescribed direction, and emits a part of the image light L2 from the light guide member 4 to the visual field region 7 .
- the propagation area 42 (especially the first extended area 421) of the light guide member 4 can be made small on the X-axis. As a result, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- FIG. 12 shows the light guide member 4 of the image display device of Modification 6.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a configuration example of the light guide member 4 on the XY plane.
- the first axis is the X axis and the second axis is the Y axis, as in the above embodiment.
- the light guide member 4 in FIG. 12 has a coupling area 41 and a propagation area 42 as elements for guiding the image light L1 from the display element 2 to the user's visual field area 7 .
- the coupling region 41 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member 4 . More specifically, the coupling area 41 generates two image lights L1-1 and L1-2 directed in different directions of the first axis from the image light L1 incident on the coupling area 41.
- FIG. The image light L1-1 travels in the first direction of the first axis (left direction in FIG. 12), and the image light L1-2 travels in the second direction opposite to the first direction (right direction in FIG. 12).
- the coupling region 41 is composed of a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image light L1.
- the periodic structure of the coupling region 41 is, for example, a transmissive diffraction grating.
- the propagation area 42 includes a pair of first extension areas 421 - 1 and 421 - 2 and a second extension area 422 .
- the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 are arranged in the direction of the first axis. As shown in FIG. 12, the pair of first expansion regions 421-1, 421-2 are positioned on both sides of the coupling region 41 along the first axis.
- One of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 (first expansion region 421-1) propagates the image light L1-1 from the coupling region 41 in the first direction, A part of the light is oriented in a specified direction (the direction of the second axis in FIG. 12) including the directional component of the second axis. As shown in FIG.
- the first extended region 421-1 divides the image light L1-1 into a plurality of parallel image lights L2-1 directed in a prescribed direction, thereby forming the image light projected by the projection optical system 5.
- the pupil of L1 is duplicated and dilated in the first axis.
- the other of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 propagates the image light L1-2 from the coupling region 41 in the second direction, A part of the light is oriented in a specified direction (the direction of the second axis in FIG. 12) including the directional component of the second axis. As shown in FIG.
- the first expansion region 421-2 divides the image light L1-2 into a plurality of parallel image lights L2-2 directed in a prescribed direction, thereby forming the image light projected by the projection optical system 5.
- the pupil of L1 is duplicated and dilated in the first axis.
- the first extended regions 421-1 and 421-2 are composed of periodic structures that have a diffraction effect on the image lights L1-1 and L1-2.
- the periodic structures of the first extended regions 421-1 and 421-2 are, for example, reflective diffraction gratings.
- the second extension area 422 is arranged to line up with the pair of first extension areas 421-1 and 421-2 on the second axis (Y-axis). That is, the second extension area 422 is a common second extension area for the pair of first extension areas 421-1 and 421-2.
- the second expansion region 422 propagates the image lights L2-1 and L2-2 from the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 along a prescribed direction, and the image lights L2-1 and L2-2 A part of the light is emitted from the light guide member 4 to the viewing area 7 .
- the second expansion area 422 divides the image light L2-1 and L2-2 into a plurality of parallel image lights directed from the light guide member 4 toward the visual field area 7, thereby forming the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5. is replicated and dilated in the second axis.
- the second extended region 422 is composed of a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image lights L2-1 and L2-2.
- the periodic structure of the second extended region 422 is, for example, a reflective diffraction grating.
- the second extended region 422 may have a region having no diffraction grating in the specified direction (direction of the second axis in FIG. 12) including the directional component of the second axis of the coupling region 41 .
- the second extension regions 422 may be a pair of second extension regions 422-1 and 422-2 for the pair of first extension regions 421-1 and 421-2.
- the propagation region 42 includes a pair of first extension regions 421-1 and 421-2 aligned along the first axis.
- One of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 propagates the image light L1-1 in the first direction of the first axis, and converts part of the image light L1-1 into the directional component of the second axis. Make it face in a specified direction, including
- the other of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 propagates the image light L1-2 in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a part of the image light L1-2 is propagated along the second axis. Point in a specified direction that contains a directional component.
- the second expansion region 422 propagates the image lights L2-1 and L2-2 from the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 in a prescribed direction, and part of the image lights L2-1 and L2-2 is emitted from the light guide member 4 to the viewing area 7 .
- the viewing area 7 can be widened.
- FIG. 13 shows the light guide member 4 of the image display device of Modification 7.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a configuration example of the light guide member 4 on the XY plane.
- the first axis is the X axis and the second axis is the Y axis, as in the above embodiment.
- the light guide member 4 of FIG. 13 has a plurality of coupling areas 41 and a propagation area 42 as elements for guiding the image light L1 from the display element 2 to the user's visual field area 7.
- the image display device of Modification 7 includes a plurality of display elements 2 corresponding to the plurality of coupling areas 41, and a plurality of projection optical systems 5 arranged between the plurality of coupling areas 41 and the plurality of display elements 2, respectively.
- the multiple bonding areas 41 include a first bonding area 41-1 and a second bonding area 41-2 aligned in the direction of the first axis.
- the first coupling region 41-1 and the second coupling region 41-2 guide the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and direct it in the light guide member 4 in the direction of the first axis. More specifically, the first coupling region 41-1 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the first direction of the first axis (the right direction in FIG. 13) within the light guide member 4. As shown in FIG.
- the second coupling region 41-2 guides the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and directs it in the second direction opposite to the first direction (the left direction in FIG. 13) within the light guide member 4.
- the first coupling region 41-1 and the second coupling region 41-2 are composed of periodic structures having a diffraction effect on the image light L1.
- the periodic structures of the first coupling region 41-1 and the second coupling region 41-2 are, for example, transmissive diffraction gratings.
- the propagation area 42 includes a pair of first extended areas 421-1 and 421-2 aligned in the direction of the first axis. As shown in FIG. 13, the pair of first extension regions 421-1 and 421-2 are located between the first bonding region 41-1 and the second bonding region 41-2 along the first axis, Extension regions 421-1 and 421-2 are adjacent to the first bond region 41-1 and the second bond region 41-2, respectively.
- One of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 (first expansion region 421-1) propagates the image light L1 from the first coupling region 41-1 in the first direction, A part of the light is oriented in a specified direction (direction of the second axis in FIG. 13) including the direction component of the second axis. As shown in FIG.
- the first expansion region 421-1 divides the image light L1 into a plurality of parallel image lights L2 directed in a prescribed direction, thereby widening the pupil of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5. , replicate and extend in the first axis.
- the other of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 propagates the image light L1 from the second coupling region 41-2 in the second direction, A part of the light is oriented in a specified direction (direction of the second axis in FIG. 13) including the direction component of the second axis. As shown in FIG.
- the first expansion region 421-2 divides the image light L1 into a plurality of parallel image lights L2 directed in a prescribed direction, thereby expanding the pupil of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5. , replicate and extend in the first axis.
- the pair of first extended regions 421-1 and 421-2 are composed of periodic structures having a diffractive action on the image light L1.
- the periodic structures of the pair of first extended regions 421-1 and 421-2 are, for example, reflective diffraction gratings.
- the image light L1 from the second joint region 41-2 reaches the first expansion region 421-1 so that the image light L1 from the first joint region 41-1 does not reach the first expansion region 421-2.
- a shielding wall may be provided in the light guide member between the first expansion region 421-1 and the first expansion region 421-2 to prevent the light from entering.
- the second extension area 422 is arranged to line up with the pair of first extension areas 421-1 and 421-2 on the second axis (Y-axis). That is, the second extension area 422 is a common second extension area for the pair of first extension areas 421-1 and 421-2.
- the second expansion region 422 propagates the image light L2 from the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 in a prescribed direction, and emits part of the image light L2 from the light guide member 4 to the visual field region 7. .
- the second expansion region 422 divides the image light L2 into a plurality of parallel image lights directed from the light guide member 4 toward the visual field region 7, thereby dividing the pupil of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5 into the second Duplicate and expand on the axis.
- the second extended region 422 is composed of a periodic structure that has a diffractive action on the image light L2.
- the periodic structure of the second extended region 422 is, for example, a reflective diffraction grating.
- the light guide member 4 includes a plurality of coupling regions 41 including a first coupling region 41-1 and a second coupling region 41-2, and the propagation region 42 extends along the first axis It includes a pair of first extension regions 421-1 and 421-2 aligned in the direction of .
- One of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 propagates the image light L1 in the first direction of the first axis, and transmits part of the image light L1 to the second Orient in a specified direction that includes an axial directional component.
- the other of the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 propagates the image light L1 in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a part of the image light L1 is oriented in a prescribed direction that includes the directional component of the second axis.
- the second expansion region 422 propagates the image light L2 from the pair of first expansion regions 421-1 and 421-2 in a prescribed direction, and emits part of the image light L2 from the light guide member 4 to the visual field region 7. . With this configuration, the viewing area 7 can be widened.
- FIGS. 14 and 15 show the projection optical system 5 of the image display device of Modification 8.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the position of the entrance pupil P1 on the YZ plane of the projection optical system 5 of the image display device of Modification 8, and
- FIG. is an explanatory diagram of the position of .
- a portion of the light guide member 4 corresponding to the coupling region 41 is indicated by hatching in order to illustrate the coupling region 41 in an easy-to-understand manner.
- the projection optical system 5 causes the image light L1 from the display element 2 to enter the light guide member 4 .
- the projection optical system 5 is between the display element 2 and the coupling area 41 of the light guide member 4 .
- the projection optical system 5 includes a first optical element 51 and a second optical element 52 as a plurality of optical elements.
- the first optical element 51 is, for example, a cemented lens combining a negative meniscus lens and a biconvex lens
- the second optical element 52 is a cemented lens combining a positive meniscus lens and a negative meniscus lens.
- the projection optical system 5 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is directed from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1 to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis (YZ plane orthogonal to the X axis).
- the distance D1 (see FIG. 14) from the projection optical system 5 to the entrance pupil P1 of the image light L1 is projected onto the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis (the XZ plane orthogonal to the Y axis) on the optical path of the image light L1. It is configured to be longer than the distance D2 (see FIG. 15) to the entrance pupil P2 of the optical system 5 . By doing so, it is possible to reduce the dimension of the first axis (X-axis) of the coupling region 41 while reducing the dimension of the propagation region 42 .
- the position of the entrance pupil P1 is set such that the light rays from each point of the display element 2 forming the image light L1 converge and diverge within the first extended region 421 of the propagation region 42 .
- the image light L1 incident on the coupling area 41 from the projection optical system 5 includes a principal ray L10 corresponding to the center of the image and a plurality of secondary rays L11-1, L11-2, L11-3, L11-4, . including.
- the plurality of secondary rays L11 intersect with the principal ray L10 within the first extended region 421 of the propagation region 42 .
- the position of the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis is the first surface 40a of the light guide member 4. at a position corresponding to the coupling region 41 .
- the image light L1 incident on the coupling area 41 from the projection optical system 5 consists of a principal ray L10 corresponding to the center of the image and a principal ray L10 as it travels from the projection optical system 5 toward the coupling area 41 a plurality of secondary rays L12-1, L12-2, L12-3, L12-4, . including.
- a plurality of secondary rays L12 intersect with the principal ray L10 at the coupling region 41 .
- the projection optical system 5 is directed from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1 to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis (the YZ plane orthogonal to the X axis). is the entrance pupil of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane perpendicular to the second axis (the XZ plane perpendicular to the Y axis) from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1
- a plurality of optical elements may be combined so as to be longer than the distance to P2.
- the projection optical system 5 and the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 are arranged on a straight line, but the projection optical system 5 and the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 are not necessarily arranged on a straight line.
- the optical path of the image light L1 to the coupling area 41 between the projection optical system 5 and the light guide member 4 is not necessarily straight.
- the image light L1 from the projection optical system 5 may be reflected by a reflector and made incident on the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 .
- the optical path of the image light L1 to the coupling area 41 between the projection optical system 5 and the light guide member 4 is not linear, but is L-shaped, for example. Even in such a case, on the optical path of the image light L1 projected by the projection optical system 5, the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis from the projection optical system 5 is longer than the distance from the projection optical system 5 to the coupling region 41, the size of the light guide member 4 can be reduced.
- the distance from the projection optical system 5 on the optical path of the image light L1 to the entrance pupil P1 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the first axis is the projection optical system on the optical path of the image light L1. 5 to the entrance pupil P2 of the projection optical system 5 with respect to the display element 2 in the plane orthogonal to the second axis.
- the coupling region 41 of the light guide member 4 does not necessarily have to be provided on the first surface 40a or the second surface 40b of the body portion 40.
- the coupling region 41 may be formed on the side surface (end surface) of the body portion 40 .
- the joint region 41 may be configured with a surface that is inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the body portion 40 . Thereby, the coupling region 41 can guide the image light L1 into the light guide member 4 and direct it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member 4 .
- the coupling region 41 does not necessarily have to be composed of a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image light L1, and is composed of a surface that refracts the image light L1 in the direction of the first axis. good.
- the first extension region 421 of the propagation region 42 propagates the image light L1 from the coupling region 41 in the direction of the first axis and diverts a portion of the image light L1 to the second axis perpendicular to the first axis. is directed in a specified direction containing the directional component of
- the first axis is the X-axis and the second axis is the Y-axis in the above embodiment
- the first axis may be the X-axis or the Y-axis and the second axis may be the Z-axis.
- the light guide member 4 performs pupil dilation in the first axis or the second axis.
- the second extension area 422 is not essential.
- the second axis does not have to be orthogonal to the first axis.
- the first axis is the X-axis
- the second axis may be an axis that intersects the X-axis at 45 degrees, rather than the Y-axis or the Z-axis.
- the second extended region 422 may be a transmissive diffraction grating instead of a reflective diffraction grating, or may be a volume hologram (holographic diffraction grating).
- a first aspect is an optical system (3) comprising a projection optical system (5) for projecting image light (L1) forming an image output from a display element (2), and the projection optical system (5 ) is provided with a light guide member (4) for guiding the projected image light (L1) to a user's visual field area (7) as a virtual image.
- the light guide member (4) has a coupling area (41) that guides the image light (L1) into the light guide member (4) and directs it in the direction of the first axis within the light guide member (4).
- the image light (L1) from the coupling region (41) is propagated in the direction of the first axis, and a part of the image light (L1) is transmitted in the direction of a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, and a propagating area (42) directed in a defined direction.
- the projection optical system for the display element (2) in the plane orthogonal to the first axis from the projection optical system (5) on the optical path of the image light (L1) projected by the projection optical system (5); to the entrance pupil (P1) is longer than the distance (D10) from said projection optics (5) to said coupling area (41). According to this aspect, it is possible to reduce the size of the light guide member (4), particularly the propagation area (42).
- the second aspect is the optical system (3) based on the first aspect.
- the distance (D1) to the pupil (P1) is the distance from the projection optical system (5) on the optical path of the image light (L1) to the display element (2) in the plane perpendicular to the second axis. longer than the distance (D2) to the entrance pupil (P2) of system (5).
- the size of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a third aspect is an optical system (3) based on the first or second aspect.
- the light guide member (4) is plate-shaped, and each of the first axis, the second axis and the prescribed direction is orthogonal to the thickness direction of the light guide member (4). . According to this aspect, the dimension of the second axis of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a fourth aspect is an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to third aspects.
- the image light (L1) incident on the coupling region (41) from the projection optical system (5) includes a principal ray (L10) corresponding to the center of the virtual image and the projection optical system ( 5) and a plurality of secondary rays (L11-1, L11-2) approaching the principal ray (L10) in the direction of the second axis as they go toward the coupling region (41).
- the plurality of secondary rays (L11-1, L11-2) intersect the chief ray (L10) within the propagation region (42). According to this aspect, the size of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a fifth aspect is an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to fourth aspects.
- the dimension of said bonding area (41) in said second axis is greater than the dimension of said bonding area (41) in said first axis. According to this aspect, the size of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a sixth aspect is an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to fifth aspects.
- the propagation region (42) divides the image light (L1) into a plurality of parallel image lights (L2) directed in the specified direction, so that the projection optical system (5) projects It includes a first expansion region (421) that duplicates and expands the pupil of the image light (L1) obtained in the first axis. This aspect allows pupil dilation in the first axis.
- a seventh aspect is an optical system (3) based on the sixth aspect.
- said first extension region (421) has a first end (421a) and a second end (421b) on said first axis.
- the first end (421a) is closer to the coupling region (41) than the second end (421b).
- W1 and W2 are 0.4 ⁇ W1. /W2 ⁇ 1.8 is satisfied.
- the first expansion area (421) of the propagation area (42) can be made smaller, and the size of the propagation area (42) of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- An eighth aspect is an optical system (3) based on the sixth or seventh aspect.
- the propagation region (42) propagates the image light (L2) from the first expansion region (421) in the specified direction, and a portion of the image light (L2) (image light L3) is emitted from the light guide member (4) to the viewing area (7).
- the viewing area (7) can be widened.
- a ninth aspect is an optical system (3) based on the eighth aspect.
- the propagation area (42) splits the image light (L1) into a plurality of parallel image lights (L1) directed from the light guide member (4) to the viewing area (7). and includes a second expansion region (422) that duplicates and expands the pupil of the image light (L1) projected by the projection optical system (5) on the second axis. This aspect allows pupil dilation in the second axis.
- a tenth aspect is an optical system (3) based on the ninth aspect.
- the propagation region (42) includes a pair of first extension regions (421-1, 421-2) aligned in the direction of the first axis.
- One of the pair of first extended regions (421-1, 421-2) propagates the image light (L1) in the first direction of the first axis, and part of the image light (L1) is transmitted to the Orient in the specified direction.
- the other of the pair of first expansion regions (421-1, 421-2) propagates the image light (L1) in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and one of the image light (L1) The part is oriented in the specified direction.
- the second expansion region (422) propagates the image light (L2) from the pair of first expansion regions (421-1, 421-2) in the prescribed direction, from the light guide member (4) into the viewing area (7). According to this aspect, the viewing area (7) can be widened.
- An eleventh aspect is an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to tenth aspects.
- the coupling region (41) includes a periodic structure having a diffractive action on the image light (L1). According to this aspect, the size of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a twelfth aspect is an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to eleventh aspects.
- the light guide member (4) directs the image light (L1) entering the light guide member (4) from the coupling region (41) parallel to each other within the light guide member (4).
- the image light (L1, L2) is divided into a plurality of image lights (L1, L2) and emitted to the visual field area (7), thereby replicating and expanding the pupil of the image light (L1) projected by the projection optical system (5). . According to this aspect, it is possible to dilate the pupil.
- a thirteenth aspect is an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to twelfth aspects.
- the projection optical system (5) causes the image light (L1) to enter the coupling area (41) as substantially collimated light. According to this aspect, the size of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a fourteenth aspect is an image display device (1) comprising an optical system (3) based on any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, and the display element (2). According to this aspect, the size of the light guide member (4) can be reduced.
- a fifteenth aspect is an image display device (1) based on the fourteenth aspect.
- the display element (2) has output angle characteristics such that the image light (L1) is wider in the second axis than in the first axis.
- the position of the entrance pupil (P1) of the projection optical system (5) with respect to the display element (2) in the plane perpendicular to the first axis and the position of the entrance pupil (P1) of the projection optical system (5) perpendicular to the second axis It becomes easy to make the position of the entrance pupil (P2) of the projection optical system (5) different from that of the display element (2) in the plane.
- the present disclosure is applicable to optical systems and image display devices. Specifically, the present disclosure is applicable to an optical system for guiding light from a display element to a user's viewing area, and an image display device including this optical system.
- image display device 2 display element 3 optical system 4 light guide member 41 coupling region 42 propagation region 421, 421-1, 421-2 first expansion region 421a first end 421b second end 422 second expansion region 5 projection optical system 7 Viewing area L1 Image light L10 Chief ray L11-1, L11-2 Secondary ray P1 Entrance pupil P2 Entrance pupil
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Abstract
Description
[1.1 概要]
図1は、画像表示装置1の構成例の概略図である。画像表示装置1は、例えば、ユーザの頭部に装着され、画像(映像)を表示するヘッドマウントディスプレイ(HMD)である。以下では、図1に示す、X軸、Y軸、及びZ軸に基づいて画像表示装置1に関する方向を説明する。X軸は、水平方向に対応し、Y軸は、鉛直方向に対応する。Z軸は、ユーザの前後方向に対応する。本開示において、「〇〇軸の方向」は、任意の点を通り〇〇軸に平行する方向を意味する。本開示において、光に関して「〇〇方向に向かわせる」及び「〇〇方向に伝播させる」等の表現は、画像を形成する光が全体として〇〇方向に向かうことを意味し、画像を形成する光に含まれる光線は〇〇方向に対して傾いていてもよい。例えば、「〇〇方向に向かう光」は、この光の主光線が〇〇方向に向いていればよく、光の副光線は〇〇方向に対して傾いていてもよい。
以下、本実施の形態の画像表示装置1について、図1~図6を参照して更に詳細に説明する。図1に示すように、画像表示装置1は、表示素子2と、光学系3とを備える。
以上述べたように、光学系3は、表示素子2から出力される画像を形成する画像光L1を投射する投射光学系5と、投射光学系5が投射した画像光L1をユーザの視野領域7に虚像として導く導光部材4とを備える。導光部材4は、画像光L1を導光部材4内に導き、導光部材4内で第1軸の方向に向かわせる結合領域41と、結合領域41からの画像光L1を第1軸の方向に伝播させ、画像光L1の一部を第1軸に直交する第2軸の方向成分を含む規定方向に向かわせる伝播領域42とを有する。投射光学系5が投射した画像光L1の光路上において、投射光学系5から第1軸に直交する面内における表示素子2に対する投射光学系5の入射瞳P1までの距離D1は、投射光学系5から結合領域41までの距離D10より長い。この構成によれば、導光部材4、特に、伝播領域42の小型化が図れる。
本開示の実施の形態は、上記実施の形態に限定されない。上記実施の形態は、本開示の課題を達成できれば、設計等に応じて種々の変更が可能である。以下に、上記実施の形態の変形例を列挙する。以下に説明する変形例は、適宜組み合わせて適用可能である。
図6は、変形例1の画像表示装置1を示す。特に、図6は、変形例1の画像表示装置1のYZ平面における概略図である。変形例1の画像表示装置1は、導光部材4の結合領域41が、上記実施の形態の画像表示装置1の導光部材4の結合領域41と異なる。図6の導光部材4の結合領域41は、画像光L1を導光部材4内に導き、導光部材4内で第1軸の方向に向かわせる。結合領域41は、画像光L1に対する回折作用を有する周期構造体により構成される。結合領域41の周期構造体は、例えば、反射型の回折格子である。結合領域41は、例えば、本体部40の第2面40bに形成される。結合領域41の回折格子は、例えば、第2軸に沿って延びて第1軸に沿って所定間隔で並ぶ複数の凹部又は凸部を含んでよい。なお、図6では、結合領域41が回折作用を有する周期構造体を持つことを分かりやすく図示するためだけに、Y軸に沿って凸部が並ぶものとして図示している。結合領域41は、回折作用によって、画像光L1を、導光部材4内に、第1面40a及び第2面40bに対して全反射する条件で入射させる。結合領域41によって、画像光L1は、導光部材4内(つまりは本体部40内)を、第1面40a及び第2面40bで全反射されることで、第1軸の方向に進む。
図7は、変形例2の画像表示装置1を示す。特に、図7は、変形例2の画像表示装置1のYZ平面における概略図である。変形例2の画像表示装置1は、導光部材4の結合領域41が、上記実施の形態の画像表示装置1の導光部材4の結合領域41と異なる。図7の導光部材4の結合領域41は、画像光L1を導光部材4内に導き、導光部材4内で第1軸の方向に向かわせる。結合領域41は、画像光L1に対する回折作用を有する周期構造体により構成される。結合領域41の周期構造体は、例えば、屈折率の周期変調で回折作用を発生させる体積ホログラム(ホログラフィック回折格子)である。結合領域41は、例えば、本体部40の内部に形成される。結合領域41の回折格子は、例えば、互いに屈折率が異なる第1部位411及び第2部位412が交互に並ぶ構造を有する。結合領域41は、回折作用によって、画像光L1を、導光部材4内に、第1面40a及び第2面40bに対して全反射する条件で入射させる。結合領域41によって、画像光L1は、導光部材4内(つまりは本体部40内)を、第1面40a及び第2面40bで全反射されることで、第1軸の方向に進む。
図8は、変形例3の画像表示装置1を示す。特に、図8は、変形例3の画像表示装置1の光学系3のXZ平面における入射瞳P2の位置の説明図である。変形例3の画像表示装置1の光学系3では、投射光学系5が投射した画像光L1の光路上において、投射光学系5から第2軸に直交する面(Y軸に直交するXZ平面)内における表示素子2に対する投射光学系5の入射瞳P2までの距離D2は、投射光学系5から結合領域41までの距離D20より長い。図8では、投射光学系5と導光部材4の結合領域41とが一直線に並ぶため、第2軸に直交する面(Y軸に直交するXZ平面)内における表示素子2に対する投射光学系5の入射瞳P2の位置は、結合領域41に対して投射光学系5と反対側にある。このように、距離D2が距離D20と一致している必要はない。つまり、入射瞳P2の位置は、上記実施の形態のように結合領域41に一致している必要はない。
図9は、変形例4の画像表示装置の導光部材4の構成例を示す。特に、図9は、導光部材4のXY平面における概略図である。図9では、上記実施の形態と同様に、第1軸はX軸、第2軸はY軸である。図9の伝播領域42の第1拡張領域421は、第1軸(X軸)において、結合領域41と並ぶように配置される。第1拡張領域421は、結合領域41からの画像光L1を第1軸(X軸)の方向に伝播させ、画像光L1の一部を第1軸に直交する第2軸(Y軸)の方向成分を含む規定方向に向かわせる。図9において、規定方向は、上記実施の形態とは異なり、第1軸及び第2軸の方向成分を含む。つまり、規定方向は、第1軸に直交する第2軸の方向ではなく、第1軸に直交せずに交差する方向である。規定方向に含まれる第1軸の方向成分は、第1拡張領域421から結合領域41に向かう方向の成分である。
図11は、変形例5の画像表示装置の導光部材4を示す。特に、図11は、導光部材4の構成例のXY平面における概略図である。上記実施の形態においては、第1軸はX軸、第2軸はY軸であるが、変形例5では、第1軸はY軸、第2軸はX軸である。
図12は、変形例6の画像表示装置の導光部材4を示す。特に、図12は、導光部材4の構成例のXY平面における概略図である。変形例6では、上記実施の形態と同様に、第1軸はX軸、第2軸はY軸である。
図13は、変形例7の画像表示装置の導光部材4を示す。特に、図13は、導光部材4の構成例のXY平面における概略図である。変形例7では、上記実施の形態と同様に、第1軸はX軸、第2軸はY軸である。
図14及び図15は、変形例8の画像表示装置の投射光学系5を示す。特に、図14は変形例8の画像表示装置の投射光学系5のYZ平面における入射瞳P1の位置の説明図であり、図15は変形例8の投射光学系5のXZ平面における入射瞳P2の位置の説明図である。なお、図14及び図15では、結合領域41を分かりやすく図示するために、導光部材4において結合領域41に対応する部分をハッチングで示している。
上記の実施の形態において、投射光学系5と導光部材4の結合領域41とは一直線上に並んでいるが、投射光学系5と導光部材4の結合領域41とは必ずしも一直線上に並んでいる必要はない。つまり、投射光学系5と導光部材4の結合領域41への画像光L1の光路は、必ずしも直線であるとは限らない。例えば、投射光学系5からの画像光L1を反射板で反射させて導光部材4の結合領域41に入射させてよい。この場合、投射光学系5と導光部材4の結合領域41への画像光L1の光路は直線状ではなく、例えば、L字状となる。このような場合であっても、投射光学系5が投射した画像光L1の光路上において、投射光学系5から第1軸に直交する面内における表示素子2に対する投射光学系5の入射瞳P1までの距離が、投射光学系5から結合領域41までの距離より長いという条件を満たすことで、導光部材4の小型化が図れる。また、画像光L1の光路上における投射光学系5から第1軸に直交する面内における表示素子2に対する投射光学系5の入射瞳P1までの距離は、画像光L1の光路上における投射光学系5から第2軸に直交する面内における表示素子2に対する投射光学系5の入射瞳P2までの距離よりも長く設定できる。
上記実施の形態及び変形例から明らかなように、本開示は、下記の態様を含む。以下では、実施の形態との対応関係を明示するためだけに、符号を括弧付きで付している。
2 表示素子
3 光学系
4 導光部材
41 結合領域
42 伝播領域
421,421-1,421-2 第1拡張領域
421a 第1端
421b 第2端
422 第2拡張領域
5 投射光学系
7 視野領域
L1 画像光
L10 主光線
L11-1,L11-2 副光線
P1 入射瞳
P2 入射瞳
Claims (15)
- 表示素子から出力される画像を形成する画像光を投射する投射光学系と、
前記投射光学系が投射した前記画像光をユーザの視野領域に虚像として導く導光部材と、
を備え、
前記導光部材は、
前記画像光を前記導光部材内に導き、前記導光部材内で第1軸の方向に向かわせる結合領域と、
前記結合領域からの前記画像光を前記第1軸の方向に伝播させ、前記画像光の一部を前記第1軸と直交する第2軸の方向成分を含む規定方向に向かわせる伝播領域と、
を有し、
前記投射光学系が投射した前記画像光の光路上において、前記投射光学系から前記第1軸に直交する面内における前記表示素子に対する前記投射光学系の入射瞳までの距離は、前記投射光学系から前記結合領域までの距離より長い、
光学系。 - 前記画像光の光路上における前記投射光学系から前記第1軸に直交する面内における前記表示素子に対する前記投射光学系の入射瞳までの距離は、前記画像光の光路上における前記投射光学系から前記第2軸に直交する面内における前記表示素子に対する前記投射光学系の入射瞳までの距離よりも長い、
請求項1に記載の光学系。 - 前記導光部材は、板状であり、
前記第1軸、前記第2軸及び前記規定方向の各々は、前記導光部材の厚み方向に直交する、
請求項1又は2に記載の光学系。 - 前記投射光学系から前記結合領域に入射する前記画像光は、前記虚像の中心に対応する主光線と、前記投射光学系から前記結合領域に向かうにつれて前記第2軸の方向において前記主光線に近付く複数の副光線とを含み、
前記複数の副光線は、前記伝播領域内で、前記主光線と交差する、
請求項1~3のいずれか一つに記載の光学系。 - 前記結合領域の前記第2軸における寸法は、前記結合領域の前記第1軸における寸法より大きい、
請求項1~4のいずれか一つに記載の光学系。 - 前記伝播領域は、前記画像光を前記規定方向に向かう平行な複数の画像光に分割することで、前記投射光学系が投射した前記画像光の瞳を、前記第1軸において複製して拡張する第1拡張領域を含む、
請求項1~5のいずれか一つに記載の光学系。 - 前記第1拡張領域は、前記第1軸における第1端及び第2端を有し、
前記第1端は、前記第2端より前記結合領域側にあり、
前記画像光の前記第1端での光路の幅をW1、前記画像光の前記第2端での光路の幅をW2とすると、W1及びW2は、0.4<W1/W2<1.8の関係を満たす、
請求項6に記載の光学系。 - 前記伝播領域は、前記第1拡張領域からの前記画像光を前記規定方向に伝播させ、前記画像光の一部を前記導光部材から前記視野領域に出射する、
請求項6又は7に記載の光学系。 - 前記伝播領域は、前記第1拡張領域からの前記画像光を前記導光部材から前記視野領域に向かう平行な複数の画像光に分割することで、前記投射光学系が投射した前記画像光の瞳を、前記第2軸において複製して拡張する第2拡張領域を含む、
請求項8に記載の光学系。 - 前記伝播領域は、前記第1軸の方向に並ぶ一対の第1拡張領域を有し、
前記一対の第1拡張領域の一方は、前記画像光を前記第1軸の第1方向に伝播させ、前記画像光の一部を前記規定方向に向かわせ、
前記一対の第1拡張領域の他方は、前記画像光を前記第1方向とは反対の第2方向に伝播させ、前記画像光の一部を前記規定方向に向かわせ、
前記第2拡張領域は、前記一対の第1拡張領域からの前記画像光を前記規定方向に伝播させ、前記画像光の一部を前記導光部材から前記視野領域に出射する、
請求項9に記載の光学系。 - 前記結合領域は、前記画像光に対する回折作用を有する周期構造体を含む、
請求項1~10のいずれか一つに記載の光学系。 - 前記導光部材は、前記結合領域から前記導光部材内に入射した画像光を前記導光部材内で互いに平行な複数の画像光に分割して前記視野領域に出射することで、前記投射光学系が投射した前記画像光の瞳を複製して拡張する、
請求項1~11のいずれか一つに記載の光学系。 - 前記投射光学系は、前記画像光を略コリメート光として前記結合領域に入射させる、
請求項1~12のいずれか一つに記載の光学系。 - 請求項1~13のいずれか一つに記載の光学系と、
前記表示素子と、
を備える、
画像表示装置。 - 前記表示素子は、前記画像光が前記第1軸よりも前記第2軸において広がる出射角度特性を有する、
請求項14に記載の画像表示装置。
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| CN202180095015.9A CN116897310A (zh) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-10-29 | 光学系统以及图像显示装置 |
| EP21928383.5A EP4303642A4 (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-10-29 | OPTICAL SYSTEM AND IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE |
| JP2023503371A JP7716673B2 (ja) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-10-29 | 光学系、及び、画像表示装置 |
| US18/240,764 US20230408746A1 (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2023-08-31 | Optical system and image display device |
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| WO2025117286A1 (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2025-06-05 | Snap Inc. | Light projector |
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| GB2641748A (en) * | 2024-06-11 | 2025-12-17 | Envisics Ltd | In-coupling optimisation |
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| JP2017090561A (ja) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 虚像表示措置 |
| WO2019176438A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | ソニー株式会社 | 光学装置、画像表示装置及び表示装置 |
| US10429645B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2019-10-01 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Diffractive optical element with integrated in-coupling, exit pupil expansion, and out-coupling |
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| JP5803082B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-08 | 2015-11-04 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 虚像表示装置 |
| US9933684B2 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2018-04-03 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Transparent waveguide display providing upper and lower fields of view having a specific light output aperture configuration |
| JP6442149B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-27 | 2018-12-19 | オリンパス株式会社 | 画像表示装置 |
| JP6498682B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-03 | 2019-04-10 | オリンパス株式会社 | 表示装置 |
| US10067347B2 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-09-04 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Waveguides with improved intensity distributions |
| JP2018054978A (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 虚像表示装置及びその製造方法 |
| DE112018002581A5 (de) | 2017-05-19 | 2020-03-19 | Seereal Technologies S.A. | Anzeigevorrichtung mit einem lichtleiter |
| US10175423B2 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-01-08 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Optical waveguide using overlapping optical elements |
| CN109581669B (zh) | 2019-01-23 | 2021-07-13 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | 投影光路及头戴显示设备 |
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2021
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- 2021-10-29 EP EP21928383.5A patent/EP4303642A4/en active Pending
- 2021-10-29 CN CN202180095015.9A patent/CN116897310A/zh active Pending
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| JP2010044172A (ja) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-25 | Sony Corp | 虚像表示装置 |
| US10429645B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2019-10-01 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Diffractive optical element with integrated in-coupling, exit pupil expansion, and out-coupling |
| JP2017090561A (ja) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 虚像表示措置 |
| WO2019176438A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | ソニー株式会社 | 光学装置、画像表示装置及び表示装置 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025117286A1 (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2025-06-05 | Snap Inc. | Light projector |
Also Published As
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| JP7716673B2 (ja) | 2025-08-01 |
| EP4303642A1 (en) | 2024-01-10 |
| US20230408746A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
| EP4303642A4 (en) | 2025-04-02 |
| JPWO2022185609A1 (ja) | 2022-09-09 |
| CN116897310A (zh) | 2023-10-17 |
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