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WO2022170869A1 - Procédé et appareil de gestion de faisceaux - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de gestion de faisceaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022170869A1
WO2022170869A1 PCT/CN2021/141786 CN2021141786W WO2022170869A1 WO 2022170869 A1 WO2022170869 A1 WO 2022170869A1 CN 2021141786 W CN2021141786 W CN 2021141786W WO 2022170869 A1 WO2022170869 A1 WO 2022170869A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reference signal
device based
signal quality
signal
candidate set
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/141786
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡斌
王坚
孔垂丽
李榕
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP21925514.8A priority Critical patent/EP4266592A4/fr
Publication of WO2022170869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022170869A1/fr
Priority to US18/360,842 priority patent/US20230370148A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H04B7/06952—Selecting one or more beams from a plurality of beams, e.g. beam training, management or sweeping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0632—Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a beam management method and apparatus.
  • a large number of antenna units with controllable directions are supported at the transmitter and receiver, and the transmitter and receiver can transmit and receive signals through multiple antennas.
  • the number of transmitting and receiving antennas is usually increased, that is, a multi-antenna array (Massive MIMO) is designed to generate a high-gain, adjustable shaped beam to improve signal coverage. The more antennas are used, the narrower the beam width is.
  • beam alignment is an important research content of beam management in MIMO.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a beam management method and apparatus, which can quickly realize beam alignment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a beam management method, applied to a first device, including: acquiring a first reference signal from a second device, and determining a first beam; wherein the first reference signal is the sent by the second device based on the first set beam, the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is the best; based on the first beam, the first reference signal is sent to the second device sending a second reference signal, where the second reference signal is used to determine a second beam of the second device, and the second device obtains a signal quality of the second reference signal based on the second beam and the second beam The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is the same.
  • one end of the transmitting beam is fixed first, and the optimal receiving beam of the other end is trained; then the optimal receiving beam of the foregoing end is trained based on the foregoing optimal receiving beam, so as to quickly realize beam alignment between the two ends.
  • data transmission can be performed between the first device and the second device through a beam combination formed by the first beam and the second beam.
  • the method before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, the method further includes: sending a third reference signal to the second device based on the wide beam of the first device, The third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the third reference signal obtained by the second device based on the first set beam has the best signal quality.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receiving beam trained based on sending a wide beam, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, so that the performance of the first beam and the second beam is trained. Better, to further improve the accuracy of beam alignment.
  • the method before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, the method further includes: sending a third reference signal to the second device based on a third beam of the first device , the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the third reference signal obtained by the second device based on the first set beam has the best signal quality .
  • the first set beam is an optimal receive beam trained based on the transmit beam (ie, the third beam) specified by the first device, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, and the It is applicable to scenarios in which the beam alignment of the first device is required to be within a specific beam range.
  • the method before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, the method further includes: periodically acquiring the fourth reference signal from the second device, and determining the first beam candidate set; wherein, the fourth reference signal is sent by the second device based on the first initialization beam of the second device, and the i-th beam in the first beam candidate set is received according to the i-th beam i is a positive integer determined by the fourth reference signal; the first beam candidate set includes the third beam, and the first device obtains the signal quality of the fourth reference signal based on the third beam most.
  • the first set beam is the best receiving beam trained based on the third beam of the first device, but the third beam is trained by the first initialization beam selected by the second device, and the first set The beam serves as the basis for training the first beam, and can be applied to a scenario where the second device requires beam alignment to be within a specific beam range.
  • the method before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, the method further includes: periodically acquiring the fourth reference signal from the second device, and determining the first beam candidate set; wherein, the fourth reference signal is sent by the second device based on the wide beam of the second device, and the i-th beam in the first beam candidate set is based on the i-th received beam Determined by the fourth reference signal, i is a positive integer; the first beam candidate set includes a third beam, and the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam is the best.
  • the method further includes: when periodically acquiring the fourth reference signal reaches a first duration, if the determined beam in the first beam candidate set does not include the With three beams, first indication information is sent to the second device, where the first indication information is used to indicate the remaining number of repetitions of sending the fourth reference signal by the second device;
  • the four reference signals reach the first time duration, if the determined beam in the first beam candidate set includes the third beam, feedback to the second device the result obtained by the first device based on the third beam. the signal quality of the fourth reference signal.
  • the first device indicates to the second device the remaining times of sending the reference signal according to the condition of the included beams.
  • the number of times the second device sends the reference signal can be reduced.
  • the number of times that is, reducing signaling overhead, shortening the time for constructing a beam candidate set, and helping to quickly achieve beam alignment.
  • the acquiring the first reference signal from the second device and determining the first beam includes: acquiring the first reference signal from the second device based on the third beam; Comparing the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam with the quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam, and determining a first comparison result; according to the first comparison result, send second indication information to the second device, where the second indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the first reference signal p times , p is a positive integer; receive the first reference signal sent by the second device p times, update the first beam candidate set, and obtain a second beam candidate set, where the second beam candidate set includes all The first beam, the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is greater than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam. Updating and iterating on the initially constructed beam candidate set is beneficial to improve the accuracy and reliability of beam alignment.
  • the method further includes: acquiring a fifth reference signal sent by the second device based on the second set beam, and determining a fifth beam; wherein the first device is based on the The signal quality of the fifth reference signal obtained by the fifth beam is the best, and the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than that of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the beam; the second set beam is any beam of the second device except the first beam.
  • the method further includes: acquiring a data signal from the second device based on the first beam, where the data signal is sent by the second device based on the second beam , the data signal is associated with a sixth reference signal; the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam and the signal quality obtained by the first device based on the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal is compared to obtain a second comparison result, and the second comparison result is used to update the beam used by the first device to receive the data signal or the beam used by the second device to send the data signal. beam used for the data signal.
  • the beam used for receiving or sending data is updated in a timely manner, and beam tracking is realized. normal communication.
  • beam tracking may be performed on the side of the first device. Then the method further includes: updating the second beam candidate set according to the second comparison result to obtain a third beam candidate set, where the third beam candidate set includes a sixth beam, and the first device The signal quality of the data signal received through the sixth beam is greater than or equal to the signal quality of the data signal obtained by the first device through the first beam. The data signal from the second device is acquired based on the sixth beam. In another optional implementation manner, beam tracking may be performed on the second device side.
  • the method further includes: feeding back the second comparison result to the second device, where the second comparison result is further used to determine q beams of the second device; acquiring the first beam based on the The second device determines a seventh beam based on the seventh reference signals sent by the q beams, and the signal quality of the seventh reference signal sent by the second device based on the seventh beam obtained by the first device most.
  • Send fourth indication information to the second device where the fourth indication information instructs the second device to send the data signal based on the seventh beam.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a beam management method, applied to a second device, including: sending a first reference signal to the first device based on a first set beam, where the first reference signal is used to determine the the first beam of the first device, the first device obtains the first reference signal based on the first beam with the best signal quality; obtains the second reference signal from the first device, and determines the second beam; The second reference signal is sent by the first device based on the first beam, and the second device obtains the second reference signal based on the signal quality of the second beam and the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the device based on the first beam is the same.
  • one end of the transmitting beam is fixed, and the optimal receiving beam of the other end is trained; then the optimal receiving beam of the foregoing end is trained based on the foregoing optimal receiving beam, so as to quickly realize beam alignment between the two ends.
  • data transmission can be performed between the first device and the second device through a beam combination formed by the first beam and the second beam.
  • the method before sending the first reference signal to the second device based on the first set beam, the method further includes: acquiring a third reference signal from the first device, and determining the the first set beam; wherein, the third reference signal is sent by the first device based on the wide beam of the first device, and the second device is obtained based on the first set beam The signal quality of the third reference signal is the best.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receiving beam trained based on sending a wide beam, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, so that the performance of the first beam and the second beam is trained. Better, to further improve the accuracy of beam alignment.
  • the method before sending the first reference signal to the second device based on the first set beam, the method further includes: acquiring a third reference signal from the first device, and determining the The first set beam; wherein, the third reference signal is sent by the first device based on the third beam of the first device, and the second device is based on the first set beam.
  • the signal quality of the third reference signal is the best.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receive beam trained based on the transmit beam (ie, the third beam) specified by the first device, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, and the It is applicable to scenarios in which the beam alignment of the first device is required to be within a specific beam range.
  • acquiring the third reference signal from the first device and determining the first set beam includes: periodically acquiring the third reference signal from the first device , determine the fourth beam candidate set; wherein, the i-th beam in the fourth beam candidate set is determined according to the third reference signal obtained for the i-th time, and i is a positive integer; the fourth beam candidate The set includes the first set beam.
  • the method before acquiring the third reference signal from the first device, the method further includes: sending a fourth reference to the second device based on the first initialization beam of the second device signal, the fourth reference signal is used to determine the third beam of the first device, and the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam has the best signal quality.
  • the first set beam is the best receiving beam trained based on the third beam of the first device, but the third beam is trained by the first initialization beam selected by the second device, and the first set The beam serves as the basis for training the first beam, and can be applied to a scenario where the second device requires beam alignment to be within a specific beam range.
  • the method further includes: when the third reference signal is periodically acquired for a third time period, if the determined beam in the fourth beam candidate set does not include the third reference signal
  • third indication information is sent to the first device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the remaining number of repetitions of the third reference signal sent by the first device;
  • the three reference signals reach a third duration, if the determined beam in the fourth beam candidate set includes the first set beam, the first device is instructed to stop sending the third reference signal.
  • the second device indicates to the first device the remaining times of sending the reference signal according to the condition of the included beams.
  • the number of times the first device sends the reference signal can be reduced.
  • the number of times that is, reducing signaling overhead, shortening the time for constructing a beam candidate set, and helping to quickly achieve beam alignment.
  • the obtaining the second reference signal from the first device and determining the second beam includes: obtaining the first reference signal from the first device based on the first set beam Two reference signals; comparing the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the first set beam with the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam The quality is compared, and a third comparison result is determined; according to the third comparison result, fourth indication information is sent to the first device, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first device to send p times
  • p is a positive integer
  • obtain the second reference signal sent by the second device p times update the fourth beam candidate set
  • obtain a fifth beam candidate set the first The five-beam candidate set includes the second beam. Updating and iterating on the initially constructed beam candidate set is beneficial to improve the accuracy and reliability of beam alignment.
  • the method before acquiring the second reference signal sent by the first device based on the first beam, the method further includes: sending a fifth reference signal to the first device based on the second set beam a reference signal, the fifth reference signal is used by the first device to determine a fifth beam, the signal quality of the fifth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is the best, and the first The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam; the second set beam is the Any one beam of the second device except the first beam.
  • selecting the best round as the training result of beam alignment is conducive to improving the accuracy of beam alignment and the reliability of the beam alignment. reliability.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a beam management apparatus, which is applied to the first device and includes:
  • a communication module configured to acquire a first reference signal from a second device; wherein, the first reference signal is sent by the second device based on a first set beam;
  • a processing module configured to determine a first beam, and the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam has the best signal quality
  • the communication module is further configured to send a second reference signal to the second device based on the first beam, where the second reference signal is used to determine a second beam of the second device, the second device
  • the signal quality of the second reference signal acquired based on the second beam is the same as the signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by the first device based on the first beam.
  • the communication module is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, send the third device to the second device based on the wide beam of the first device a reference signal, the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the second device obtains the signal quality of the third reference signal based on the first set beam most.
  • the communication module is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, send the first reference signal to the second device based on the third beam of the first device Three reference signals, the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the second device obtains the signal of the third reference signal based on the first set beam The best quality.
  • the communication module is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, periodically acquire the fourth reference signal from the second device, and determine the first reference signal from the second device.
  • a beam candidate set wherein the fourth reference signal is sent by the second device based on the first initialization beam of the second device, and the i-th beam in the first beam candidate set is based on the i-th beam i is a positive integer determined by the received fourth reference signal; the first beam candidate set includes the third beam, and the first device obtains the fourth reference signal based on the third beam the best signal quality.
  • the communication module is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, periodically acquire the fourth reference signal from the second device, and determine the first reference signal from the second device.
  • the processing module is further configured to: when the fourth reference signal is periodically acquired for a first duration, if the determined beams in the first beam candidate set do not include the third beam, send first indication information to the second device through the communication module, where the first indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the remaining number of repetitions of the fourth reference signal; or, When the fourth reference signal is periodically acquired for a first duration, if the determined beam in the first beam candidate set includes the third beam, the communication module feeds back the information to the second device through the communication module. The first device obtains the signal quality of the fourth reference signal based on the third beam.
  • the communication module is specifically configured to acquire the first reference signal from the second device based on the third beam; the processing module is further configured to The device compares the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained based on the third beam with the quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam, and determines a first comparison result ; and according to the first comparison result, send second indication information to the second device through the communication module, and the second indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the first reference p times.
  • the communication module is further configured to receive the first reference signal sent by the second device p times;
  • the processing module is further configured to update the first beam candidate set to obtain a second beam candidate set, where the second beam candidate set includes the first beam, and the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is greater than that of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam. the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the third beam.
  • the communication module is further configured to acquire a fifth reference signal sent by the second device based on a second set beam; the second set beam is the second device any one of the beams except the first beam; the processing module is further configured to determine a fifth beam; wherein the first device obtains the fifth reference signal based on the fifth beam The quality is the best, and the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam.
  • the communication module is further configured to acquire a data signal from the second device based on the first beam, where the data signal is the second device based on the second sent by a beam, the data signal is associated with a sixth reference signal;
  • the processing module is further configured to compare the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam with the first reference signal The device performs comparison based on the signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by the first beam, and obtains a second comparison result, where the second comparison result is used to update the data signal used by the first device to receive the data signal or the beam used by the second device to transmit the data signal.
  • the present application provides a beam management apparatus, applied to a second device, including:
  • a communication module configured to send a first reference signal to a first device based on a first set beam, where the first reference signal is used to determine a first beam of the first device, the first device is based on the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the beam is the best;
  • the communication module is further configured to acquire a second reference signal from the first device, where the second reference signal is sent by the first device based on the first beam;
  • a processing module configured to determine a second beam; wherein the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the second beam and the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal is the same.
  • the communication module is further configured to acquire a third reference signal from the first device before sending the first reference signal to the second device based on the first set beam, so The third reference signal is sent by the first device based on the wide beam of the first device; the processing module is further configured to determine the first set beam; wherein the second device is based on the The signal quality of the third reference signal obtained by the first set beam is the best.
  • the method before sending the first reference signal to the second device based on the first set beam, the method further includes: acquiring a third reference signal from the first device, and determining the The first set beam; wherein, the third reference signal is sent by the first device based on the third beam of the first device, and the second device is based on the first set beam.
  • the signal quality of the third reference signal is the best.
  • the communication module is specifically configured to periodically acquire the third reference signal from the first device; the processing module is specifically configured to determine a fourth beam candidate set ; wherein, the i-th beam in the fourth beam candidate set is determined according to the third reference signal obtained for the i-th time, and i is a positive integer; the fourth beam candidate set includes the first set of fixed beam.
  • the method is further configured to: when the third reference signal is periodically acquired for a third duration, if the determined beams in the fourth beam candidate set do not include the first If the beam is fixed, send third indication information to the first device through the communication module, where the third indication information is used to indicate the remaining number of repetitions of the third reference signal sent by the first device; When the acquisition of the third reference signal reaches the third time period, if the determined beam in the fourth beam candidate set includes the first set beam, the first device is instructed by the communication module to stop sending the specified beam. the third reference signal.
  • the communication module is further configured to acquire a second reference signal from the first device based on the first set beam; the processing module is further configured to The second device compares the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained based on the first set beam with the quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam, and determines the first reference signal. three comparison results; and according to the third comparison result, send fourth indication information to the first device through the communication module, where the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first device to send the the second reference signal, where p is a positive integer; the processing module is further configured to obtain, through the communication module, the second reference signal sent by the second device p times, and perform the processing on the fourth beam candidate set. After updating, a fifth beam candidate set is obtained, where the fifth beam candidate set includes the second beam.
  • the communication module is further configured to send to the first device based on the second set beam before acquiring the second reference signal sent by the first device based on the first beam a fifth reference signal, where the fifth reference signal is used by the first device to determine a fifth beam, and the fifth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam has the best signal quality, and the The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam; the second set beam is Any one beam of the second device except the first beam.
  • the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a logic circuit and an input and output interface,
  • the input and output interface is used to obtain the first reference signal from the second device; wherein, the first reference signal is sent by the second device based on the first set beam;
  • the logic circuit is configured to determine a first beam, and the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam has the best signal quality;
  • the input and output interface is further configured to send a second reference signal to the second device based on the first beam, where the second reference signal is used to determine a second beam of the second device, the second reference signal
  • the signal quality of the second reference signal acquired by the device based on the second beam is the same as the signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by the first device based on the first beam.
  • the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a logic circuit and an input and output interface,
  • the input and output interface is used to send a first reference signal to the first device based on the first set beam, the first reference signal is used to determine the first beam of the first device, the first device is based on the set beam.
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first beam is the best;
  • the input and output interface is further configured to acquire a second reference signal from the first device, where the second reference signal is sent by the first device based on the first beam;
  • the logic circuit is configured to determine a second beam; wherein the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the second beam and the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal is the same.
  • the present application provides a communication device, comprising a processor, wherein the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used for storing a computer program or instruction, and the processor is used for executing the computer program or instruction to execute Each implementation method of the above first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the memory may be located within the device or external to the device.
  • the number of the processors is one or more.
  • the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and an interface circuit, where the interface circuit is configured to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used for each implementation method of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication system, comprising: a network device for executing the implementation methods of the first aspect, and a terminal device for executing the implementation methods of the second aspect.
  • the present application further provides a chip system, including: a processor configured to execute each implementation method of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the present application further provides a computing program product, including computer-executable instructions, which, when the computer-executable instructions are run on a computer, cause the implementation methods of the first aspect or the second aspect to be executed.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer programs or instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are run on a computer, the first aspect or the second aspect described above is implemented. various implementation methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a beam distribution
  • Fig. 2 is a kind of hierarchical scanning flow chart schematic diagram
  • FIG. 3 provides a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a device movement scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a beam management method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic structural diagram of a beam scanning frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6b is a schematic structural diagram of a beam scanning feedback frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is one of the schematic flowcharts for establishing a beam candidate set according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam scanning insertion frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a beam candidate set establishment process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a beam combination establishment provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11a is a schematic diagram of a beam candidate set update process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11b is a schematic diagram of a beam candidate set update flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a beam combination update process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is one of schematic flow charts of beam alignment provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a measurement curve provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15a is a schematic flowchart of beam tracking at the receiving end according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15b is a schematic flowchart of beam tracking on the transmitter side provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is one of the schematic flow charts of beam alignment provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a structural block diagram of a beam management apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • 4th generation (4th generation, 4G) network a 5th generation (5th generation, 5G) network
  • 5th generation (5th generation, 5G) network a future communication network.
  • beams can be formed through their respective multiple antennas.
  • the transmitting end (Tx)/receiving end (Rx) form one or more beams through multiple antennas.
  • the narrower the beam width is, the narrower beam width can be called narrow beam, and the wider beam width can be called wide beam.
  • a beam can correspond to a range of angular directions, and the range of angular directions corresponding to narrow waves is smaller than that of wide waves.
  • multiple antennas on the transmitting end/receiving end may form one or more narrow beams; optionally, multiple antennas on the transmitting end/receiving end may form one or more wide beams.
  • beams other than the wide beam involved in the following embodiments of the present application may be understood as a beam with a narrow beam width, that is, a narrow beam.
  • a wide beam it can be understood as a beam covering all directions, that is, a quasi-omni beam; alternatively, a wide beam can also be an angle that is smaller than all directions in the angular direction range but corresponds to the angle covered by multiple narrow beams direction range.
  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the signal quality of the reference signal obtained based on a certain beam, and the received signal strength (RSS) or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measured based on the reference signal may be used.
  • the SNR refers to the ratio of signal strength to noise strength. The larger the SNR, the smaller the noise mixed in the signal, and the better the signal strength or signal quality.
  • the 802.11ad standard provides a hierarchical scanning scheme to select beams. For the sending end and the receiving end, respectively: scan the antenna sector (or sector), select the best sector for sending signals and the best sector for receiving signals; then traverse the best sectors to form their respective transmit beams and receive beams.
  • sector is a specific broad antenna radiation pattern produced by varying the antenna weights applied to the phased array elements.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of a hierarchical scanning process is shown, including the following stages.
  • Sector level sweep sector level sweep, SLS stage: training the optimal sending sectors of the sender and the receiver.
  • SLS includes initiator sector sweep (ISS), responder sector sweep (RSS), sector sweep feedback (SSW-FB) and sector sweep acknowledgment , SSW-ACK).
  • the device that starts beamforming training is called the initiator, and the receiver is called the responder.
  • the transmitting end sends training packets from predefined sectors, such as sending SSW based on all sectors respectively.
  • the receiving antenna of the receiving end is in unidirectional mode, and the signal strength corresponding to all sectors of the transmitting end is measured.
  • the receiving end sends training packets from predefined sectors, such as sending SSW based on all sectors, and the receiving antenna of the transmitting end is in unidirectional mode, and the received signal strength corresponding to all sectors of the receiving end is measured.
  • the sender provides sector scan feedback to the receiver, indicating the sector with the highest received signal strength.
  • the receiver provides a sector scan confirmation to the sender, indicating the sector with the highest received signal strength.
  • the training packets are transmitted using a low-power low-rate (controlling the physical layer PHY mode) modulation and coding scheme (MCS), ensuring the reliable communication required to establish the initial beamforming link.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • Beam refinement phase train the best receiving sectors of the transmitter and receiver, and traverse the interior and vicinity of the best transmitting sector/best receiving sector, and select a beam combination (beam combining, BC) is used to transmit data.
  • the BRP includes MID and BC.
  • the device that starts the beam refinement training is called the initiator, and the receiver is called the responder.
  • the transmitting end uses a wide beam (for example, a quasi-omnidirectional beam) BRP.
  • the receiving antenna of the receiving end is in unidirectional mode, traverse each sector of the receiving end, and measure the signal strength corresponding to the receiving sector; switch the transceiver, the receiving end uses a wide beam (such as a quasi-omnidirectional beam) BRP, and the receiving antenna of the transmitting end is in a single direction. In the direction mode, traverse each sector of the transmitting end and measure the signal strength corresponding to the receiving sector.
  • the transmitter transmits BRP by using multiple narrowbands in the directions covered by and near its best sending sector, and the receiver scans the directions covered by and near the best sending sector of the sender one by one.
  • the BRP on the transmitter determines the best transmit beam of the transmitter; switch the transmitter and receiver, the receiver transmits BRP by using multiple narrow waves in the directions covered by and near the best transmitter sector, and the transmitter scans the best beams of the receiver one by one.
  • the BRP in the directions covered by and near the best transmit sector is determined to determine the best transmit beam at the receiving end.
  • the algorithm complexity of this method is relatively high, which can reach O(N) (N indicates the total number of narrow waves at the transmitting end or the receiving end), which is not conducive to the rapid realization of beam alignment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a beam management method, which first trains a beam used by one of the transmitting end and the receiving end to transmit and receive signals, and then determines the beam used by the other party to transmit and receive signals based on the beam, thereby quickly realizing beam alignment.
  • the beam management method provided by the embodiments of the present application may be applied to an E-Band millimeter microwave transmission system (E-Band millimeter microwave transmission system), a satellite communication system (satellite communication system), a long term evolution (LTE) or a 5G new Wireless system (5g new radio system); or, a new wireless vehicle to everything (NR V2X) system; it can also be applied to a hybrid LTE and 5G networking system; or device-to-device (device-to-device, D2D) communication system, machine to machine (M2M) communication system, internet of things (IoT), or drone communication system; or support for multiple wireless technologies such as LTE technology and NR technology or non-terrestrial communication systems, such as satellite communication systems, high-altitude communication platforms, etc.
  • E-Band millimeter microwave transmission system E-Band millimeter microwave transmission system
  • a satellite communication system satellite communication system
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5g new radio system 5g new radio system
  • NR V2X
  • the communication system can also be applied to narrowband Internet of things (narrow band-internet of things, NB-IoT), enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (enhanced data rate for GSM evolution, EDGE), wideband code division Multiple access system (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), code division multiple access 2000 system (code division multiple access, CDMA2000), time division synchronous code division multiple access system (time division-synchronization code division multiple access, TD-SCDMA), and future-oriented communication technologies.
  • the communication system includes a first device and a second device, and the beam management method provided by the embodiment of the present application implements beam alignment between the first device and the second device. When the first device acts as the sender, the second device acts as the receiver.
  • the second device can act as the transmitter.
  • the aforementioned first device may be a network device, and the second device may be a terminal device; or, the first device may be a terminal device, and the second device may be a network device.
  • a wireless communication system usually consists of cells, each cell includes a network device, the network device provides communication services to multiple terminals, and each terminal device can establish beam alignment with the network device.
  • FIG. 3 an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system 300 , where the communication system 300 includes a network device 310 , a terminal device 320 , and a terminal device 330 .
  • the number of network devices and terminal devices may be one or more, and the number and style of network devices and terminal devices in the communication system shown in FIG. limited.
  • the network device may also be referred to as an access network device, a base station, a relay station, an access node (AN), a wireless access point (AP), or the like.
  • the network device may be a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA) network, or It can be an NB (NodeB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) network, or an eNB or an eNodeB (evolutional NodeB) in a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system.
  • the network device may also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario.
  • the network device may also be a base station device in a 5G network or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network.
  • the network device can also be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device.
  • Terminal equipment may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), station (station, STA), access terminal, terminal unit, terminal station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, mobile terminal, Terminals, wireless communication devices, terminal agents or terminal devices, etc.
  • the terminal device may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), Handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, automotive vehicles, in-vehicle devices or in-vehicle modules, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks or in future evolved PLMN networks Wait.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • FIG. 4 shows that the terminal equipment is in a moving state.
  • UE represents the terminal equipment and AP represents the network equipment.
  • the UE moves in a straight line from point A to point B, and is rotated by ⁇ relative to the position angle of the AP, and d represents the straight-line distance between the AP and the UE;
  • Figure 4 illustrates the terminal device performing a rotational motion, and the UE Represents terminal equipment, AP represents network equipment, UE moves from point A to point B, and d represents the straight-line distance between AP and UE.
  • the beam management method provided by the embodiments of the present application can align the beam between the network device and each mobile terminal at any time, and continuously switch the optimally aligned beam to provide wireless coverage for the terminal device, ensuring uninterrupted communication, Don't drop the line.
  • FIG. 5 shows a beam management method, which includes the following steps.
  • a first device acquires a first reference signal from a second device, and determines a first beam.
  • the first reference signal is sent by the second device based on the first set beam, and the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam has the best signal quality.
  • the second device may select the first set beam based on a certain rule, or the second device may randomly select a beam on the second device as the first set beam, and the selection strategy for the first set beam will be: It will be explained in the following content.
  • a beam ID (Beam ID) is used to identify the beam.
  • a beam scanning frame (sweep frame) structure is shown, and the beam scanning frame includes the following fields: a short training field (short training field, STF) for synchronizing time, a channel estimation for estimating a channel Field (channel estimation field, CEF) and header (Header).
  • the Header includes a frame type (Frame Type), a beam ID (Beam ID), and a residual beam (Residual Beam, RBeam).
  • the frame type is a beam scan frame, and the beam ID is used to identify the transmit beam corresponding to the scan frame.
  • RBeam indicates the remaining number of times the beam scan frame needs to be sent subsequently.
  • the beam ID in the beam scanning frame is used to identify the first set beam.
  • Fig. 6a also shows that the Header of the beam scanning frame also includes the following flag: Cyclic Redundancy Check (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC).
  • the first device sends a second reference signal to the second device based on the first beam, where the second reference signal is used to determine the second beam of the second device.
  • the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the second beam and the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is the same or similar, or the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the second beam and the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam
  • the difference (or variation range) between the signal qualities of a reference signal is less than a set threshold.
  • the second beam can also be understood as: the second device obtains the beam based on the second beam The signal quality of the second reference signal is the best.
  • the convergence condition can also be set as: the first device obtains the reference from the second device based on the first beam The signal quality is the best, or the quality is the same as or similar to the reference signal obtained by the first device from the second device one or more times recently, that is, it is desired that the training tends to be smooth and stable.
  • the quality of the reference signal obtained by the second device from the first device based on the second beam is the best, or the quality of the reference signal obtained by the second device from the first device one or more times most recently is the same or similar to that of the second device.
  • the second reference signal may also be used to indicate the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam.
  • Figure 6b shows a beam scanning feedback frame (Sweep-FB frame) structure.
  • the beam scanning feedback frame includes the following fields: a short training field (STF) for synchronization time, a channel estimation for estimating the channel Field (channel estimation field, CEF) and header (Header).
  • the Header contains the frame type (Frame Type), the selected beam ID (Beam ID), and the RSS/SNR report.
  • the frame type is a beam scanning feedback frame
  • the selected beam ID is used to identify the most recent best receiving beam determined by the device sending the beam scanning feedback frame.
  • the RSS/SNR report is used to feed back the signal quality of the reference signal obtained based on the aforementioned optimal receive beam, and may be specifically represented by RSS or SNR data.
  • the selected beam ID is used to identify the first beam
  • the signal quality of the RSS/SNR report feedback refers to the The signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by a beam. Then the second device can determine the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam by acquiring the beam scanning feedback frame, or know that the first set beam is used as the transmission signal. Beam, the best receive beam for the first device.
  • Fig. 6b also shows that the Header of the beam scanning feedback frame also includes the following flags: cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and phase type (Phase Type); wherein, CRC is used to check the Beam scanning feedback frame, the stage type is used to indicate the device that receives the beam scanning feedback frame.
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • Phase Type Phase type
  • CRC is used to check the Beam scanning feedback frame
  • the stage type is used to indicate the device that receives the beam scanning feedback frame.
  • the operation of the next stage of the second device can be defined according to actual needs, and the definitions involved in the embodiments of this application will be in subsequent embodiments. describe.
  • the first device is used as the receiving end for initialization, and the second device is used as the sending end.
  • First set the transmit beam of the second device, and determine the best receive beam of the first device in this situation, that is, the first beam.
  • the transceiver ends are switched, and the optimal receiving beam of the second device, that is, the second beam, is determined according to the first beam.
  • the first device can obtain the data transmitted by the second device based on the second beam based on the first beam
  • the second device can also obtain the data transmitted by the first device based on the first beam based on the second beam.
  • beam alignment can be achieved quickly.
  • the following describes in detail the selection strategy of the first set beam and the implementation of the corresponding beam management method with reference to the first solution, the second solution and the third solution.
  • the beam alignment between the first device and the second device can be divided into a beam combination establishment phase and a beam combination update phase.
  • the beam combination establishment phase when the wide beam at one end is used as the transmit beam, the best receive beam at the other end is trained, and the first set beam of the second device may be the best receive beam of the second device determined in this phase.
  • the beam combination update phase is to adjust and update on the basis of determining the best receiving beams at both ends in the beam combination establishment phase, and train to achieve beam alignment between the first device and the second device. It should be noted that the division of the beam combination establishment phase and the beam combination update phase is only to facilitate the understanding of this solution. In practical applications, it may not be divided according to this, and the phases may be divided in other ways, or even not divided into stages. This application implements The example does not limit this.
  • the beam combination build phase mentioned in this solution will be described in detail below. It mainly includes the following process A1 and process A2. It should be noted that the execution sequence of the process A1 and the process A2 may be that A1 is executed first and then A2 is executed, or A2 is executed first and then A1 is executed. This embodiment of the present application does not. limit.
  • A1 In the case that the wide beam of the second device is used as the transmit beam, train the best receive beam of the first device. It may be implemented with reference to the following manner: the second device sends a fourth reference signal to the first device based on the wide beam of the second device, where the fourth reference signal is used to determine the third beam of the first device, and the first device The signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained based on the third beam is the best.
  • the fourth reference signal may be implemented by using a beam scanning frame as shown in FIG. 6a , and the beam ID in the beam scanning frame used as the fourth reference signal in this process is used to identify the wide beam of the second device.
  • the second device may periodically send the fourth reference signal to the first device, and the first device selects one beam each time to receive the fourth reference signal, and records the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained each time.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a selection strategy as follows: Assuming that the total number of beams on the first device is N, the N beams can be divided into n beam ranges, where N is greater than 1, n is greater than 1, and n is less than N; both n and N are positive integers, and the optional number of beams in each of the beam ranges is the same or similar.
  • the first device periodically acquires the fourth reference signal from the second device, and for the fourth reference signal acquired for the i-th time, selects the i-th beam to receive the fourth reference signal.
  • the i-th beam belongs to one of the n beam ranges, for example, n is 2, the first beam belongs to one of the two beam ranges, and the first beam belongs to one of the two beam ranges. 2 beams belong to the other of the 2 beam ranges.
  • the i-th beam belongs to the second beam range, and the signal quality corresponding to the second beam range is the best among the n beam ranges.
  • the signal quality corresponding to any one beam range is the same as the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on at least one beam within the beam range related. Based on the above selection strategy, there is no need to sequentially traverse and scan all the beams of the second device, and the third beam can be selected within a limited number of times (N), which is helpful for quickly realizing beam alignment.
  • the first device periodically obtains the fourth reference signal from the second device, and can determine the first beam candidate set.
  • the i-th beam in the first beam candidate set is determined according to the fourth reference signal acquired for the i-th time, and i is a positive integer; the first beam candidate set includes the third beam.
  • the first beam candidate set further includes the signal quality of each beam corresponding to the received fourth reference signal, which is specifically represented by SNR data.
  • the parameter n involved in the corresponding selection strategy is 2, that is, the N beams of the first device are divided into beam range 1 and beam range 2.
  • the beams included in the first beam candidate set may be determined by building a binary tree.
  • the root node of the binary tree structure has no practical significance, and each other tree node indicates a beam.
  • each tree node can indicate a beam ID, or map the N beams of the first device to the [0,1] interval.
  • Each A beam corresponds to a sub-interval in the [0,1] interval, and a tree node corresponds to a certain range of the [0,1] interval. A value is randomly selected in this range.
  • the tree node indicates the beam.
  • the parent node in the binary tree is connected to at most two child nodes.
  • the fixed second device periodically sends the fourth reference signal on the wide beam.
  • the first device can select any beam whose beam ID is 0 to 7 to indicate beam range 1, for example, select beam 4 (that is, the beam whose beam ID is 4, and other descriptions below are similar) to obtain the fourth reference signal, and record it.
  • the first beam of the first beam candidate set is beam 4, and the SNR data corresponding to the beam 4: R1.
  • the first device can select any beam whose beam ID is 8 to 15 to indicate beam range 2.
  • select beam 12 to obtain the fourth reference signal, and record the second beam of the first beam candidate set as beam 12.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 can be represented by R1, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 can be represented by R2.
  • the third time the first device can select any one of beam 0 to beam 3 or any one of beam 5 to beam 7, for example Select the beam 6 to obtain the fourth reference signal, and record the third beam of the first beam candidate set as the beam 6, and the SNR data corresponding to the beam 6: R3.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 is determined by R1 and R3, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is still determined by R2.
  • the second device can select any one of beam 0 to beam 3 or any one of beam 5 and beam 7 for the fourth time, for example Select beam 2 to obtain a fourth reference signal, and record the fourth beam of the first beam candidate set as beam 2, and the SNR data corresponding to beam 2: R4.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 is determined by R1, R3 and R4, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is still determined by R2.
  • the first device can select any one of beam 8 to beam 11 or any one of beam 13 to beam 15 for the fifth time, for example Select the beam 9 to obtain the fourth reference signal, and record the fifth beam of the fourth beam candidate set as the beam 9, and the SNR data corresponding to the beam 9: R5.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 is determined by R1, R3, and R4, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is determined by R2 and R5. It is assumed that after the fifth pass, beam range 1 is weaker than beam range 2.
  • the first device can select any one of beam 8, beam 10, and beam 11, for example, select beam 8 to obtain the fourth reference signal, and record the sixth beam of the fourth beam candidate set as beam 8 , and the SNR data corresponding to this beam 8: R6.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 are continuously updated, and the next node is determined by comparison, until the tree depth reaches the maximum depth, and the establishment of the beam candidate set is completed.
  • the beam represented by the last determined node can be regarded as the third beam in the first beam candidate set. As an illustration, FIG.
  • the first beam candidate set includes beam 4, beam 12, beam 6, beam 2, beam 9 and
  • the beam 8 is the aforementioned third beam, and the SNR data R6 corresponding to the beam 8 indicates that the obtained fourth reference signal has the best signal quality.
  • a method may depend on the number N of beams included in the second device, that is, the second device sends the fourth reference signal N times based on the wide beam, then When the fourth reference signal is implemented by using the beam scanning frame, the value of RBeam in the beam scanning frame sent for the i-th time is N-i.
  • it can be set that when the first device periodically acquires the fourth reference signal for the first duration, it can indicate whether the second device needs to send the second device by estimating the number of beams that may be determined by the fourth beam candidate.
  • the first duration here may be predefined, and the first device receives the fourth reference signal less than N times within the first duration.
  • the first device when the first device periodically acquires the fourth reference signal for a first duration, the determined beams in the first beam candidate set do not include the third beam. Then the first device sends first indication information to the second device, where the first indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the remaining number of repetitions of the fourth reference signal;
  • a beam candidate set is related to the beam range of the determined beam distribution.
  • the beam scanning insertion frame includes the following fields: a short training field (short training field, STF) for synchronizing time, a channel estimation field ( channel estimation field, CEF) and Header.
  • the Header contains the frame type (Frame Type) and the training number (train number, TRN Num): the frame type (Frame Type) is the beam scanning insertion frame.
  • TRN Num is used to feed back the remaining repetition times of the current beam that the device that obtains the beam scanning insertion frame also needs to send.
  • FIG. 8 also illustrates that the beam scanning insertion frame includes CRC.
  • the first device when the first duration is reached, can instruct the second device to send the remaining number of repetitions of the fourth reference signal by sending the beam scanning insertion frame as shown in FIG. 8 to the second device, that is, the first indication
  • the information can be implemented by beam scanning the TRN Num inserted in the frame.
  • the feedback beam scan is inserted into the frame, which can reduce the number of reference signal transmissions without searching all beams, that is, reduce the signaling overhead and shorten the construction time of the beam candidate set, which is helpful for Fast beam alignment.
  • the remaining number of repetitions indicated by the first indication information may be determined in the following manner:
  • the N beam IDs of the first device are mapped to the [0,1] interval, and the first beam candidate set is determined by constructing a binary tree.
  • the maximum tree depth can be determined by the range represented by the deepest node.
  • the range size is set to C/N.
  • C ⁇ 1 is a given constant, used to control the accuracy, the smaller the value, the higher the accuracy;
  • N is the number of optional beams, the maximum depth of the tree can be obtained as
  • the first device can be set to obtain the first
  • ⁇ is the golden ratio of 0.618, which is a reference value given by considering the complexity of the algorithm.
  • the tree depth if the first duration is reached This indicates that the SNR curve measured multiple times in the first time period does not satisfy the weak Lipschitz condition, that is, there is a mutation in the curve.
  • the remaining repetition times indicated by the first indication information can be determined according to R and the determined number of beams in the first beam candidate set.
  • the second device may be instructed to transmit the beam scan frame of the 2 R frame after acquiring the beam scan insertion frame.
  • the first device when the first device periodically acquires the fourth reference signal for a first duration, the determined beams in the first beam candidate set include the third beam. Then the first device may instruct the second device to stop sending the fourth reference signal.
  • the first device may send a beam scan feedback frame to the second device based on the phase type (Phase Type) in the beam scan feedback frame illustrated in FIG. 6b to instruct it to stop sending the fourth reference signal.
  • the phase type in the sent beam scanning feedback frame can be set to 1, which instructs the second device to finish training the best receiving beam of the first device, that is, stop sending the fourth reference signal, and prepare to enter the subsequent beam combination update phase.
  • one way can be set that when i is greater than n, if the number of times of the same beam range corresponding to the best signal quality continuously determined exceeds the set threshold, the next A beam is not selected within the beam range corresponding to the best signal quality to receive the fourth reference signal, but beams in other beam ranges are selected.
  • Another way specifically, due to the influence of noise etc., beam combining can be regarded as a random bandits problem.
  • Local optimal extremes can be avoided based on the Hierarchical Optimistic Optimization (HOO) algorithm in reinforcement learning.
  • the HOO algorithm can also be regarded as a Monte-Carlo tree search algorithm.
  • the HOO algorithm builds a tree structure and improves the upper confidence bound (UCB) to obtain an optimistic sampling strategy.
  • UOB upper confidence bound
  • the core idea of the algorithm is to make detailed estimates for the interval with large returns based on the accumulated average returns, and make loose estimates for other parts, thereby reducing the total number of explorations and quickly converging to the global optimal solution.
  • A2 In the case that the wide beam of the first device is used as the transmit beam, train the best receive beam of the second device. It can be implemented with reference to the following manner: the first device sends a third reference signal to the second device based on the wide beam of the first device, where the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, so The signal quality of the third reference signal obtained by the second device based on the first set beam is the best.
  • the third reference signal may be implemented by using a beam scanning frame as shown in FIG. 6a.
  • the beam ID in the scanning frame is used to identify the wide beam of the first device.
  • the first device may periodically send the third reference signal to the second device, and the second device selects one beam each time to receive the third reference signal, and records the signal quality of the third reference signal obtained each time.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a selection strategy as follows: Assuming that the total number of beams on the second device is M, the M beams can be divided into m beam ranges, where M is greater than 1, m is greater than 1, and m is less than M; m and M are both positive integers, and the optional number of beams in each of the beam ranges is the same or similar.
  • the second device periodically acquires the third reference signal from the first device, and for the third reference signal acquired for the i-th time, selects the i-th beam to receive the third reference signal.
  • the i-th beam belongs to one of the m beam ranges, for example, m is 2, the first beam belongs to one of the two beam ranges, and the first beam belongs to one of the two beam ranges. 2 beams belong to the other of the 2 beam ranges.
  • the signal quality corresponding to the first beam range is the best among the m beam ranges.
  • the signal quality corresponding to any one of the beam ranges is the same as the signal quality of the third reference signal obtained by the second device based on at least one beam in the beam range. related. Based on the above selection strategy, it is not necessary to sequentially traverse and scan all the beams of the second device, and the first set beam can be selected within a limited number of times (M), which is helpful for quickly realizing beam alignment.
  • the second device periodically obtains the third reference signal from the first device, and can determine the fourth beam candidate set.
  • the i-th beam in the fourth beam candidate set is determined according to the third reference signal obtained for the i-th time, and i is a positive integer; the fourth beam candidate set includes the first setting beam.
  • the fourth beam candidate set further includes the signal quality of each beam corresponding to the received third reference signal, which is specifically represented by SNR data.
  • the parameter m involved in the corresponding selection strategy is 2, that is, the M beams of the second device are divided into beam range 1 and beam range 2.
  • the beams included in the fourth beam candidate set may be determined by building a binary tree.
  • the root node of the binary tree structure has no practical significance, and each other tree node indicates a beam.
  • each tree node can indicate a beam ID, or map M beams of the second device to the [0,1] interval.
  • Each A beam corresponds to a sub-interval in the [0,1] interval, and a tree node corresponds to a certain range of the [0,1] interval. A value is randomly selected in this range.
  • the tree node When the value falls in the sub-interval corresponding to a certain beam, The tree node then indicates the beam. In an optional implementation manner, a parent node in the binary tree is connected to at most two child nodes. Taking the second device including 16 beams and the beam IDs ranging from 0 to 15 as an example, the construction of a binary tree with beam IDs as tree nodes and determining beams in the fourth beam candidate set will be described in detail below.
  • the fixed first device periodically sends the third reference signal on the wide beam.
  • the second device can select any beam whose beam ID is 0 to 7 to indicate beam range 1, for example, select beam 3 (that is, the beam whose beam ID is 3, and the other descriptions below are similar) to obtain the third reference signal, and record it.
  • the first beam of the fourth beam candidate set is beam 3, and the SNR data corresponding to beam 3: R1.
  • the second device can select any beam whose beam ID is 8 to 15 to indicate beam range 2.
  • select beam 11 to obtain the third reference signal, and record the second beam of the fourth beam candidate set as beam 11.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 can be represented by R1, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 can be represented by R2.
  • the third time the second device can select any one of beam 8 to beam 10 interval or any one of beam 12 to beam 15 interval, for example Select the beam 9 to obtain the third reference signal, and record the third beam of the fourth beam candidate set as the beam 9, and the SNR data corresponding to the beam 9: R3.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 remains unchanged, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is determined by R2 and R3.
  • the second device can select any one of beam 0 to beam 2 range or any one of beam 4 to beam 7 range for the fourth time.
  • the beam 5 is selected to obtain the third reference signal, and the fourth beam of the fourth beam candidate set is recorded as the beam 5, and the SNR data corresponding to the beam 5: R4.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 is determined by R1 and R4, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is determined by R2 and R3.
  • the second device can select beam 4 or any one of the interval between beam 6 and beam 7 for the fifth time, for example, select beam 7 to obtain the third reference signal, and record the fifth beam of the fourth beam candidate set as beam 7, and the SNR data corresponding to beam 7: R5.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 is determined by R1, R4 and R5
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is determined by R2 and R3, and so on, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 and beam range 2 are continuously updated.
  • the corresponding signal quality is compared to determine the next node, until the tree depth reaches the maximum depth, and the establishment of the beam candidate set is completed.
  • the beam represented by the last determined node may be regarded as the first set beam in the fourth beam candidate set.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the process of selecting beams 5 times, ending with beam 7 being selected for the 5th time, and finally the fourth beam candidate set includes beam 3, beam 11, beam 9, beam 5 and beam 7,
  • the beam 7 is the aforementioned first set beam, and the SNR data R5 corresponding to the beam 7 indicates that the obtained third reference signal has the best signal quality.
  • a method may depend on the number M of beams included in the second device, that is, the first device sends the third reference signal M times based on the wide beam, then
  • the value of RBeam in the beam scanning frame sent for the i-th time is M-i.
  • the second device periodically acquires the third reference signal for a third duration, it can be set to indicate whether the first device needs to send the first device by estimating the number of beams that may need to be determined for the fourth beam candidate.
  • the third time period here may be predefined, and the second device receives the third reference signal less than M times within the third time period.
  • the second device when the second device periodically acquires the third reference signal for a third duration, the determined beams in the fourth beam candidate set do not include the first set beam. Then the second device sends third indication information to the first device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the remaining number of repetitions of the third reference signal sent by the first device; The beam range of the determined beam distribution in the four-beam candidate set is related.
  • the second device may indicate the remaining number of repetitions of sending the third reference signal by the first device by sending the scan insertion frame as shown in FIG. 8 to the first device, that is, the third indication.
  • Information can be achieved by scanning the TRN Num in the inserted frame.
  • the remaining number of repetitions indicated by the third indication information may be determined in the following manner:
  • the M beam IDs of the second device are mapped to the [0,1] interval, and the fourth beam candidate set is determined by constructing a binary tree.
  • the maximum tree depth can be determined by the range represented by the deepest node.
  • the range size is set to C/M.
  • C ⁇ 1 is a given constant, used to control the accuracy, the smaller the value, the higher the accuracy;
  • M is the number of optional beams, and the maximum depth of the tree can be obtained as
  • the second device can be set to obtain the first
  • ⁇ is the golden ratio of 0.618, which is a reference value given by considering the complexity of the algorithm.
  • the third duration is reached This indicates that the SMR curve measured multiple times in the third time period does not satisfy the weak Lipschitz condition, that is, there is a mutation in the curve.
  • the second device when the second device periodically acquires the third reference signal for a third duration, the determined beams in the fourth beam candidate set include the first set beam. Then the second device may instruct the first device to stop sending the third reference signal.
  • the second device may send a beam scan feedback frame to the first device based on the phase type (Phase Type) in the beam scan feedback frame illustrated in FIG. 6b to instruct it to stop sending the third reference signal.
  • the phase type in the sent beam scanning feedback frame can be set to 1, indicating that the first device finishes training the best receiving beam of the second device, that is, stops sending the third reference signal, and prepares to enter the subsequent beam combination update phase.
  • a method can be set that when i is greater than m, if the number of times of the same beam range corresponding to the best signal quality continuously determined exceeds the set threshold, the next A beam is not selected within the beam range corresponding to the best signal quality to receive the fourth reference signal, but beams in other beam ranges are selected.
  • beam combining can be regarded as a random bandits problem.
  • Local optimal extremes can be avoided based on the Hierarchical Optimistic Optimization (HOO) algorithm in reinforcement learning.
  • the HOO algorithm can also be regarded as a Monte-Carlo tree search algorithm.
  • the HOO algorithm builds a tree structure and improves the upper confidence bound (UCB) to obtain an optimistic sampling strategy.
  • UOB upper confidence bound
  • the core idea of the algorithm is to make detailed estimates for the interval with large returns based on the accumulated average returns, and make loose estimates for other parts, thereby reducing the total number of explorations and quickly converging to the global optimal solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic flowchart of a beam combination establishment stage.
  • a solid line indicates sending and a dashed line indicates receiving. It is shown that in the aforementioned A1 process, the second device periodically sends a beam scan frame to the first device based on a wide beam, and each time the first device acquires a beam scan frame to determine 1 beam in the first beam candidate set, the first device periodically When the acquired beam scan frame reaches the first duration, the beam scan insertion frame is sent to the second device, and the second device continues to send the beam scan frame based on the remaining number of transmissions indicated by the acquired beam scan insertion frame until the first device determines the best receiving beam , that is, the first beam.
  • the first device periodically sends a beam scan frame to the second device based on the wide beam, and the second device determines 1 beam in the fourth beam candidate set every time the second device acquires a beam scan frame, and the second device halfway ( That is, when the periodic acquisition of SSW reaches the third duration), the beam scanning insertion frame is sent to the first device, and the first device continues to send the beam scanning frame based on the remaining number of transmissions indicated by the acquired beam scanning insertion frame, until the second device determines that the most The best receiving beam, that is, the first set beam.
  • a process A3 and a process A4 are also shown, wherein the process A3 refers to the process in which the second device feeds back the first set beam and the SNR data corresponding to the first set beam to the first device .
  • the second device sends a beam scanning feedback frame to the first device.
  • the selected beam ID is used to identify the first set beam
  • the signal quality fed back in the RSS/SNR report refers to the second device
  • the signal quality of the third reference signal obtained based on the first set of beams.
  • Process A4 refers to a process in which the first device feeds back the third beam and the SNR data corresponding to the third beam to the second device.
  • the first device sends a beam scanning feedback frame to the second device.
  • the selected beam ID is used to identify the first beam
  • the signal quality fed back in the RSS/SNR report refers to the first device based on the the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the third beam.
  • the beam combination update phase mentioned in this solution is described in detail below. It mainly includes the following process B1 and process B2.
  • Process B1 The updating of the best receiving beam on the first device side mainly includes the following steps S11-S14.
  • the second device sends a first reference signal to the first device based on the first set beam determined in the A2 process, and the first device receives the first reference signal based on the best receiving beam determined in the foregoing A1 process, that is, the third beam .
  • the first device compares the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam with the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam , to determine the first comparison result.
  • the signal quality is represented by SNR data
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam is denoted as R 1
  • the first device is based on the third beam.
  • the signal quality of the fourth reference signal acquired by the beam is denoted as R' 1 .
  • the first comparison result can be represented by the variation range of R 1 relative to R' 1 , for example, the first comparison result is represented as
  • the beams included in the first beam candidate set determined in the A1 process may be updated based on the magnitude of the change amplitude.
  • the first device sends second indication information to the second device according to the first comparison result, where the second indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the first reference signal p times, p is a positive integer.
  • the value of p is related to the change range indicated by the aforementioned first comparison result, and the larger the change range, the larger the value of p.
  • the value of p may be determined by the pruning depth j, for example, to determine the pruning depth j, p may be set to 2 j .
  • the value of p may be determined by the number of optional beams in the beam ID interval to which the upper tree node of the pruned tree node belongs.
  • the upper layer x tree nodes can be traced (x is a natural number less than the entire tree depth, preferably 2), the number of optional beams in the interval of the upper layer tree node is determined, and then the interval The optional beam ID is fed back to the second device, or the number of optional beams in the interval is fed back to the second device.
  • the second indication information can be specifically implemented by using the TRN Num in the beam scanning insertion frame shown in the foregoing FIG. 8 , and the value of TRN Num is p.
  • This step illustrates the situation that the aforementioned variation range represented by the first comparison result exceeds the set threshold. If the aforementioned variation range indicated by the first comparison result does not exceed the set threshold, the subsequent update is not performed, that is, S13 to S14 are not performed, and the first device can continue to obtain the third beam based on the best receiving beam determined by A1, that is, the third beam. Two related signals sent by the device.
  • the first device acquires the first reference signal sent by the second device p times, updates the first beam candidate set determined in the A1 process, and obtains a second beam candidate set, where the second beam candidate set includes For the first beam, the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is greater than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam.
  • the first beam replaces the third beam as the best receiving beam for the first device.
  • the first device may select nodes in the tree corresponding to the first beam candidate set from bottom to top through step S12 to perform pruning processing. Then, for the pruned tree, the operation of updating the tree structure can choose to start from the upper node after the pruning operation, instead of starting from the root node every time. Continue to search for the remaining nodes to generate a second beam candidate set, and some beams in the second beam candidate set and the first beam candidate set are the same.
  • FIG. 11a for a schematic diagram of a beam candidate set update flow, it is assumed that the beam candidate set formed in FIG. 7 has been pruned, the pruning depth is 1 layer, and the beam 8 in the first beam candidate set is pruned.
  • the upper-layer node traced back to the pruning operation is beam 9, and the first update is performed: it is determined that the signal quality of the first reference signal is obtained based on beam 9, and the SNR data corresponding to the updated beam 9 is R5', then the beam range is 1
  • the corresponding signal quality is still determined by R1, R3 and R4, and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is determined by R2 and R5'.
  • the signal quality corresponding to beam range 1 is still determined by R1, R3, R4 and R6', and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 Determined by R2 and R5', if beam range 1 is stronger than the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 at this time, then determine beam 3 as the first beam, complete the update of the first beam candidate set, and generate the second beam as shown in Figure 11a. Beam candidate set.
  • the second beam candidate set may be iteratively updated for multiple times with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments of S11-S14, and the convergence condition is to determine the signal quality corresponding to the first beam twice or more consecutively. If the amplitude of change is small, the first beam determined in one of the foregoing times is determined as the best receiving beam of the first device trained in the beam combination update phase.
  • Process B2 The update of the best receiving beam on the second device side mainly includes the following steps S21-S24.
  • the first device sends a second reference signal to the second device based on the first beam determined by the B1 process, and the second device obtains the second reference signal from the foregoing second reference signal based on the first set beam determined by the A1 process.
  • the second device compares the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the first set beam with the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam The signal quality is compared, and the third comparison result is determined.
  • the signal quality is represented by SNR data
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam is denoted as R 3
  • the first device is based on the third beam.
  • the signal quality of the fourth reference signal acquired by the beam is denoted as R' 3 .
  • the first comparison result can be expressed by the variation range of R3 relative to R'3 , for example, the first comparison result is expressed as
  • the beams included in the fourth beam candidate set determined in the A2 process may be updated based on the magnitude of the change amplitude.
  • a pruning algorithm can be used to adaptively select the beam ID to be updated and update the tree structure.
  • the second device sends fourth indication information to the first device according to the third comparison result, where the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first device to send the second reference signal p times, p is a positive integer.
  • the value of p in this step is related to the change range indicated by the aforementioned third comparison result, and the larger the change range, the greater the value of p.
  • a predefined method can be used to set the change range. The corresponding relationship between the range and the value of p, so as to determine the value of p.
  • the value of p may be determined by the pruning depth j, for example, to determine the pruning depth j, p may be set to 2 j .
  • the value of p may be determined by the number of optional beams in the beam ID interval to which the upper tree node of the pruned tree node belongs.
  • the upper layer x tree nodes can be traced (x is a natural number less than the entire tree depth, preferably 2), the number of optional beams in the interval of the upper layer tree node is determined, and then the interval The optional beam ID is fed back to the second device, or the number of optional beams in the interval is fed back to the second device. It should be noted that according to the actual situation, the value of p in S23 and the value of p in S13 may be the same or different.
  • the fourth indication information can be specifically implemented by using the TRN Num in the beam scanning insertion frame shown in the foregoing FIG. 8 , and the value of TRN Num is p.
  • the aforementioned variation range indicated by the third comparison result is not 0.
  • S23 to S24 will not be performed without subsequent updating, and the second device may continue to use the optimal receiving beam determined based on A2, that is, the first setting The fixed beam transmits or receives related signals.
  • the second device acquires the second reference signal sent by the second device p times, updates the fourth beam candidate set, and obtains a fifth beam candidate set, where the fifth beam candidate set includes the second beam.
  • the fourth beam candidate set determined in a binary tree manner based on the A2 process.
  • the second device may select a node in the tree corresponding to the fourth beam candidate set from bottom to top through step S22 to perform pruning processing. Then, for the pruned tree, the operation of updating the tree structure can choose to start from the upper node after the pruning operation, instead of starting from the root node every time. Continue to search for the remaining nodes to generate the fifth beam candidate set, for example, stop generating the fifth beam candidate set when the second beam is searched. Some beams in the fifth beam candidate set and the fourth beam candidate set are the same.
  • FIG. 11b for a schematic diagram of a beam candidate set update flow, it is assumed that the fourth beam candidate set formed in FIG. 9 has been pruned, the pruning depth is 1 layer, and the beams in the first beam candidate set 7. Cut off, trace back to the upper node after the pruning operation is beam 5, perform the first update: determine the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained based on beam 5, update the SNR data corresponding to beam 5 to R4', then the beam The signal quality corresponding to range 1 is determined by R1 and R4', and the signal quality corresponding to beam range 2 is determined by R2 and R3.
  • the beam 7 is selected to obtain the second reference signal, and the SNR data corresponding to the beam 7 is recorded as R5', if the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained based on the beam 7 and the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam The difference between the two exceeds the set threshold, or the two are not the same, or the two are not similar, then continue to perform the third update: the beam 5 is regarded as the parent node combined with the original tree structure, and the beam 4 , beam 6 to select a beam.
  • Fig. 11b is only an example of the update of the beam combination on the first device side in the B2 process.
  • a new pruning strategy can be formulated, such as expanding the pruning depth, etc., update again, etc.
  • the foregoing implementation of the beam combination update stage can be analogous to the hill-climbing method for finding the extremum solution on the surface. Using this greedy algorithm to reduce traversal operations can greatly reduce computational complexity and quickly realize beam alignment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic flowchart of a beam combination update phase.
  • a solid line indicates sending and a dashed line indicates receiving.
  • the second device sends a beam scan frame (corresponding to the first reference signal) based on the first set beam
  • the first device sends a beam scan insert frame to the second device to instruct the second device to send the aforementioned beam scan.
  • the number of frames, and the first device sends a beam scanning feedback frame to the second device to determine the SNR corresponding to the first beam and feed back to the second device.
  • the first device sends the beam scanning frame (first reference signal) to the second device
  • the second device sends the beam scanning insertion frame to the first device to indicate the number of times the first device sends the aforementioned beam scanning frame
  • the second device sends a beam scan feedback frame to the first device, indicating that the second device has determined the second beam.
  • the second device does not find the second beam and updates it again.
  • FIG. 12 also shows that the first device sends an ACK to the second device after receiving the beam scanning feedback frame, as a response to the second device sending the beam scanning feedback frame in the B2 process.
  • the second device has identified the second beam.
  • the wide beam is used as the transmitting beam
  • a tree structure is constructed to train the optimal receiving narrow beam
  • the relevant channel environment information corresponding to the beam indicated by the tree node such as the received signal quality, is recorded. Based on the tree structure, prior knowledge can be established to reduce the complexity of search, so as to quickly realize beam alignment and provide corresponding reference for subsequent beam tracking.
  • the above-mentioned solution 1 provided by the embodiments of the present application can be understood as a combination of wide and narrow wave alignment solutions.
  • the time calculation of the first solution it mainly depends on the switching of the transceiver, or the time for switching beam transmission and reception, and the time for constructing a beam candidate set, such as establishing a tree structure.
  • T the beam switching time
  • T the hardware.
  • the tree node is t
  • t depends on the internal implementation of the software
  • the total number of beams of the device is N. Then the total time of the beam combination establishment stage is
  • the beam alignment between the first device and the second device may be achieved by selecting the optimal round through multiple rounds of narrow-wave alignment.
  • Each specific round of narrow beam alignment may include a beam combination establishment phase and a beam combination update phase.
  • the beam combination establishment stage in one round includes: when the second device randomly selects a beam as the transmit beam, training the best receive beam of the first device; As the transmit beam, the best receive beam of the second device is trained, and the first set beam of the second device may be the best receive beam of the second device determined in this stage.
  • the beam combination update phase is to adjust and update on the basis of determining the best receiving beams at both ends in the beam combination establishment phase, and train to achieve beam alignment between the first device and the second device in this round.
  • the beams randomly selected by the second device in different rounds are different.
  • the selectable range of the randomly selected beams may be all beams of the second device, or may be a predefined range.
  • the beam combination establishment stage mainly includes the following process C1 and process C2. In this round, the beam randomly selected by the second device is recorded as the first initialization beam.
  • Process C1 In the case that the second device uses the first initialization beam as the transmit beam, train the best receive beam of the first device.
  • the signaling interaction may be similar to the A1 process: the second device sends a fourth reference signal to the first device based on the aforementioned first initialization beam, the fourth reference signal is used to determine the third beam of the first device, the The signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam is the best.
  • the third beam is the best receiving beam of the first device in the beam combination establishment phase.
  • the process C1 also includes a process similar to A3, that is, the first device sends a beam scanning feedback frame to the second device to feed back the determined third beam to the second device.
  • the solution on how to determine the third beam may be implemented according to the foregoing A1 process, for example, constructing a binary tree to search for the third beam, etc., which will not be repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Process C2 In the case that the first device uses the third beam as the transmit beam, train the best receive beam of the second device. Specifically, it can be implemented with reference to the A1 or C1 process, the difference is that the transceiver ends are switched.
  • the first device sends a third reference signal to the second device based on the aforementioned third beam, where the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the second device is based on the first set beam.
  • the signal quality of the third reference signal obtained by the fixed beam is the best.
  • the first set beam is the optimal receiving beam of the second device in the beam combination establishment phase.
  • the process C2 also includes a process similar to A4, that is, the second device sends a beam scanning feedback frame to the first device, so as to feed back the determined first set beam to the second device.
  • the solution on how to determine the first set beam may be implemented according to the aforementioned A2 process, such as constructing a binary tree to search for the first set beam, etc., which will not be repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first set beam is determined based on the C1 and C2 processes in the beam combination stage.
  • the first beam determination process involved in the beam combination update stage can be implemented with reference to process B1, and the second beam determination process can be implemented with reference to process B2. In this embodiment of the present application, details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic diagram of a beam alignment process, illustrating the above-mentioned C1, C2, B1, and B2 processes involved in the i-th round of narrow beam alignment in multiple rounds.
  • the illustration of beam scanning insertion frames for each process is omitted, which can be explained with reference to the beam scanning frames involved in FIG. 10 and FIG. 12 .
  • the determination basis for the optimal round is described below by taking the aforementioned determination of the first beam and the second beam as the optimal round.
  • the second device may send a fifth reference signal to the first device based on the second set beam, where the fifth reference signal is used by the first device to determine a fifth beam, and the first device obtains based on the fifth beam.
  • the signal quality of the fifth reference signal is the best, and the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam.
  • the signal quality of a reference signal; the second set beam is any beam of the second device except the first beam.
  • the determination method of the second set beam refer to the processes C1 and C2.
  • the second device can randomly select the second initialization beam as the transmit beam, and train the best receive beam of the first device through the process of C1; in the process of C2, the first The best receive beam of one device is used as the transmit beam, and the second set beam of the second device is trained.
  • different narrow beams are initialized as transmit beams, and multiple rounds of beam training are performed, and beam alignment is realized by the best beam combination determined in one round with the best signal quality. It can be applied to beam alignment only between narrow-wave devices (such as short-range VR devices), and high-power narrow beams are easier to obtain accurate receiving direction information than low-power wide beams.
  • the time calculation of the second scheme mainly depends on the switching of the transceiver, or the time for switching beam transmission and reception, the time for initial beam selection, and the time for constructing a candidate beam set, such as establishing a tree structure.
  • T which depends on the hardware.
  • the establishment tree node is t
  • t depends on the internal implementation of the software
  • the total number of beams of the device is N
  • the number of initial beams selected in multiple rounds is C times
  • the total time of the beam combination establishment stage is
  • FIG. 14 for a schematic diagram of a measurement curve, it shows the advantages of the first and second solutions over the hierarchical scanning solution provided by 802.11ad.
  • the ordinate represents the acquisition of reference signal measurement signal quality, such as RSS/SNR data, to determine the optimal The number of measurements required for the beam.
  • the abscissa indicates the number of beams at the transmitter or receiver.
  • the first and second solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can reduce the number of times of measuring the signal quality compared with the hierarchical scanning solution, and can quickly realize beam alignment.
  • the first and second solutions have lower algorithm complexity than the hierarchical scanning solution.
  • a set beam is a beam randomly selected by the second device.
  • the first set beam may be a beam randomly selected by the second device.
  • the aforementioned step S501 that is, the first device acquires the first reference signal from the second device, and determines the first beam, can be implemented with reference to the following manner:
  • the first reference signal from the second device is periodically acquired, and a second beam candidate set is determined.
  • the first reference signal is sent by the second device based on a beam randomly selected by the second device.
  • the ith beam in the second beam candidate set is determined according to the first reference signal received at the ith time, i is a positive integer; the second beam candidate set includes the first beam.
  • the second device may periodically send the first reference signal to the first device, then the first device selects one beam each time to receive the first reference signal, and records the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained each time.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a selection strategy as follows: Assuming that the total number of beams on the first device is N, the N beams can be divided into n beam ranges, where N is greater than 1, n is greater than 1, and n is less than N; both n and N are positive integers, and the optional number of beams in each of the beam ranges is the same or similar.
  • the first device periodically acquires the first reference signal from the second device, and for the first reference signal acquired for the i-th time, selects the i-th beam to receive the first reference signal.
  • the i-th beam belongs to one of the n beam ranges, for example, n is 2, the first beam belongs to one of the two beam ranges, and the first beam belongs to one of the two beam ranges. 2 beams belong to the other of the 2 beam ranges.
  • the i-th beam belongs to the second beam range, and the signal quality corresponding to the second beam range is the best among the n beam ranges.
  • the signal quality corresponding to any one beam range is the same as the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on at least one beam within the beam range related. Based on the above selection strategy, there is no need to sequentially traverse and scan all the beams of the second device, and the third beam can be selected within a limited number of times (N), which is helpful for quickly realizing beam alignment.
  • the method further includes: when the first device periodically acquires the first reference signal for a second duration, if the determined beam in the second beam candidate set is If the first beam is not included, send fifth indication information to the second device, where the fifth indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the remaining number of repetitions of the first reference signal; or, the first
  • the device feeds back the first beam to the second device. The device obtains the signal quality of the first reference signal based on the first beam.
  • the implementation of the fifth indication information may be implemented with reference to the foregoing first indication information, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the foregoing step S502 that is, the second device acquires the second reference signal from the first device, and determines the second beam
  • the second device periodically acquires the second reference signal from the first device, and determines a fifth beam candidate set; wherein, the i-th beam in the fifth beam candidate set is obtained according to the i-th beam Determined by the second reference signal, i is a positive integer; the fifth beam candidate set includes the second beam.
  • the method further includes: when the second device periodically acquires the second reference signal for a fourth time period, if the beams in the fifth beam candidate set have been determined If the second beam is not included, send sixth indication information to the first device, where the sixth indication information is used to instruct the first device to send the remaining number of repetitions of the second reference signal; the second device When the second reference signal is periodically acquired for a fourth duration, if the determined beam in the fifth beam candidate set includes the second beam, the first device is instructed to stop sending the second reference Signal.
  • the combination of the first beam and the second beam trained based on the first set beam is the best, that is to say, it can be understood that this solution also includes the following embodiments: the second device can send the first beam to the first beam based on the second set beam the device sends a fifth reference signal, the fifth reference signal is used by the first device to determine a fifth beam, and the signal quality of the fifth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is the best, The signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by the first device based on the first beam; the second setting The beam is any one of the beams of the second device except the first beam.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a beam tracking solution. It can be applied to the scenario where the device moves during the data transmission between the first device and the second device.
  • the beam tracking scheme will be described in detail by taking the second device as the transmitting end and the first device as the receiving end.
  • the scheme mainly includes step (1) and step (2).
  • Step (1) the first device obtains a data signal from the second device based on the first beam, the data signal is sent by the second device based on the second beam, and the data signal is associated with a sixth reference Signal.
  • Step (2) the first device compares the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam with the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam The signal quality of the signals is compared, and a second comparison result is obtained, where the second comparison result indicates that the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is the same as the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam.
  • the degree of change between the signal qualities of the first reference signal acquired by the first beam exceeds a set threshold, and the second comparison result is used to update the beam used by the first device to receive the data signal or The beam used by the second device to transmit the data signal.
  • the signal quality is represented by SNR data
  • the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is denoted as R 2
  • the signal quality obtained by the first device based on the first beam is denoted as R 2
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal is denoted as R' 2
  • the second comparison result can be represented by the variation of R 2 relative to R′ 2 , for example, the second comparison result is expressed as
  • the first device may update the second beam candidate set according to the second comparison result to obtain a third beam candidate set, where the third beam candidate set includes the sixth beam , the signal quality of the data signal received by the first device through the sixth beam is greater than or equal to the signal quality of the data signal obtained by the first device through the first beam.
  • the first device may acquire the data signal from the second device based on the sixth beam.
  • the first device may instruct the second device to suspend data transmission, but periodically send the sixth reference signal multiple times, so that the first device can periodically obtain the sixth reference signal. , and update the second beam candidate set.
  • update method reference may be made to the process of updating the first beam candidate set by the first device in the B1 process, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15a an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic flowchart of beam tracking at the receiving end.
  • the first device may update the beams included in the second beam candidate set based on the magnitude of the change amplitude. For example, it can be set that the change range exceeds the set threshold before updating. Different magnitudes of change correspond to different numbers of beams that need to be updated in the second beam candidate set; or, if the second beam candidate set is formed by a binary tree structure, the pruning algorithm can be used to adaptively select the beam ID to be updated and update the tree structure.
  • the first device feeds back the second comparison result to the second device, and the second comparison result is further used to determine the q beams of the second device.
  • the second device sends a seventh reference signal based on the q beams, the first device acquires the seventh reference signal based on the first beam, and determines the seventh beam, and the first device acquires the seventh reference signal.
  • the signal quality of the seventh reference signal sent by the second device based on the seventh beam is the best.
  • the first device sends seventh indication information to the second device, where the seventh indication information instructs the second device to send the data signal based on the seventh beam.
  • the seventh indication information instructs the second device to send the data signal based on the seventh beam.
  • the second device may determine, according to the second comparison result, the beam candidate set constructed in the previous beam alignment process, such as the aforementioned fifth beam candidate set, to determine the beams that need to be updated, and use the beams that need to be updated as the aforementioned q beams. .
  • the second device may also know the pruning depth of the tree structure according to the second comparison result, so as to determine the aforementioned pruning beam based on the pruned beam or the pruning depth. q beams.
  • the second device may update the beams included in the fifth beam candidate set based on the variation amplitude. For example, it can be set that the change range exceeds the set threshold before updating. Different magnitudes of change correspond to different numbers of beams that need to be updated in the fifth beam candidate set; or, if the fifth beam candidate set is formed by a binary tree structure, the pruning algorithm can be used to adaptively select the beam ID to be updated and update the tree structure.
  • the implementation of the aforementioned beam tracking stage can be analogous to the hill-climbing method to find the extremum solution on the surface. Using this greedy algorithm to reduce traversal operations can greatly reduce the computational complexity and quickly realize beam tracking.
  • the time calculation of the aforementioned beam tracking scheme mainly depends on the switching of the transceiver, or the time of switching beam transmission and reception and the need to update the number of beam IDs K in the beam candidate set.
  • the time is O((t+T)K).
  • the total time for receiving beam tracking at the receiving end is The K here depends on the channel variation amplitude, that is, the aforementioned second comparison result.
  • the aforementioned schemes 1 to 3 involve beam combination establishment, update, and beam tracking, etc., which can be regarded as a scheme for adaptively adjusting the beam alignment strategy, and an algorithm for implementing these schemes can be defined, such as adaptive hierarchical optimistic optimization. (adaptive hierarchical optimistic optimization, AHOO) algorithm.
  • adaptive hierarchical optimistic optimization adaptive hierarchical optimistic optimization, AHOO
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a beam management method, and details refer to the description of the fourth solution below.
  • Solution 4 It is assumed that the first device includes N beams, and the second device includes M beams. It is pre-defined that any one of the N beams and any one of the M beams are selected as a beam combination, and there are N*M beam combinations.
  • beam combination IDs may also be defined to indicate beam combinations in the N*M beam combinations, and beam combination IDs of different beam combinations are different.
  • the second device may send multiple rounds of beam scanning to the first device in a manner of sending beam scanning frames based on k beam combinations in turn in each round frame.
  • the first device may receive k beam scan frames based on the k beam combinations corresponding to the round.
  • the beam ID in the beam scanning frame can be understood as a beam combination ID, and different beam scanning frames indicate different beam combination IDs.
  • a single number can be used to indicate a beam combination.
  • the beam combination ID is 1, it means that when the beam combination ID of the first device and the beam combination 1 of the second device are one beam combination, the second device can be based on the first device.
  • Beam 1 of the second device sends a beam scan frame carrying a beam combination ID of 1, and the first device can receive the beam scan frame that carries a beam combination ID of 1 based on beam 1 of the first device, and different numbers indicate different beam combinations.
  • two-dimensional coordinates may also be used to indicate a beam combination, for example, with two-dimensional coordinates as (1, 1), it means that beam 1 of the first device and beam 1 of the second device are one beam combination.
  • ⁇ means combination
  • 1 ⁇ 1 means that beam 1 of the first device and beam 1 of the second device are combined as one beam
  • the beam IDs of N first devices and M beam IDs of the first device can be combined.
  • the value range, [0, M-1] represents the value range of the beam IDs of the M beams in the second device.
  • the N*M beam combinations may be initially divided into k beam combination intervals, and the number of beam combinations included in each beam combination range is the same or similar.
  • the second device may select 1 beam combination in each of the k beam combination intervals, and send the beam scanning frame based on the k beam combinations selected in this round.
  • the first device determines, according to the received signal qualities of the k beam scanning frames, an optimal beam combination among the k beam combinations corresponding to the current round.
  • the first device may feed back the best beam combination interval of the current round to the second device by sending a beam scanning feedback frame, the signal quality corresponding to the optimal beam combination interval is greater than that of other beam combination intervals, and the signal quality corresponding to one beam combination interval. It is related to the signal quality of the beam scanning frame transmitted by the selected beam combination in this interval.
  • the optimal beam combination interval is the interval where the optimal beam combination is located.
  • the beam combination corresponding to the center point of each interval can be selected, and the corresponding beam combination ID includes Then, the first device may specifically carry the beam combination ID corresponding to the center point of the optimal beam combination area in the beam scanning feedback frame SSW-FB to feed back the optimal beam combination area to the second device.
  • the second device may select k beam combinations in the optimal beam combination interval determined in the i-1th round, and send the beam scanning frame based on the k beam combinations selected in this round.
  • the first device can send back the beam scanning feedback frame to the second device to feed back the best beam combination in this round.
  • the signal quality corresponding to the optimal beam combination interval is greater than that of other beam combination intervals, and the signal quality corresponding to a beam combination interval is related to the signal quality of the beam scanning frame transmitted by the selected beam combination in this interval.
  • a device may also feed back the optimal beam combination in the optimal beam combination interval in the current round to the second device through the beam scanning feedback frame.
  • the optimal beam combination interval determined in the first round can be divided into quarters with reference to the selection method in the first round. Assuming Round 1 OK is the optimal beam interval, then in the second round, the The set is subdivided into four smaller intervals Then the selected k beam combinations can be selected The beam combination represented by the center point of each interval in .
  • the first device needs to use the optimal beam combination interval determined in round i-1 and the optimal beam combination in the optimal beam combination interval determined in round i-1.
  • the round determines that k beam combinations are selected from the optimal beam combination interval.
  • the aforementioned optimal beam combination may be used as the center point, four intervals around it may be determined, and k beam combinations may be selected from the four intervals.
  • the first device cannot select k beam combinations at a certain time, or the selected k beam combinations represent the same beam combination, it is judged that it converges at this time. Then it is determined that the finally selected beam combination is the best beam combination.
  • the above multi-round beam combination training process until convergence involves the selected beam combination can be constructed into a tree structure for recording. For example, when k is 4, it can form a quad tree, and each tree node except the root node. Indicates the first selected beam combination to facilitate subsequent beam tracking. For example, pruning can be performed to adaptively select the beam combination that needs to be adjusted to reduce the interference caused by channel noise to tracking, and can reduce some signaling The process of interaction and decision-making reduces the algorithm complexity, making beam tracking under Massive MIMO more efficient and has better performance.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic diagram of a beam alignment process, where k is 4, which illustrates the process of confirming the optimal beam combination in the above scheme 4.
  • the time calculation of this solution 4 mainly depends on the time T1 for switching the beam combination, the switching T2 at the transceiver end, and the time for constructing a candidate beam set, such as establishing a tree structure.
  • T the time for switching the beam combination
  • T2 the switching T2 at the transceiver end
  • T the time for constructing a candidate beam set, such as establishing a tree structure.
  • T the beam switching time
  • t depends on the hardware.
  • t depends on the internal implementation of the software
  • the total number of beams of the device is N. Then the total time of the beam combination establishment stage is
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a beam management apparatus 1700 .
  • the apparatus 1700 includes a communication module 1701 and a processing module 1702 .
  • the communication apparatus 1700 may be a second device, or may be an apparatus applied to the second device and capable of supporting the second device to execute the beam management method, or the communication apparatus 1700 may be the first device, or may be applied to the first device A device capable of supporting a first device to perform a beam management method.
  • the communication module may also be referred to as a transceiver module, a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver, or the like.
  • the processing module may also be referred to as a processor, a processing board, a processing unit, a processing device, and the like.
  • the device used for realizing the receiving function in the communication module may be regarded as a receiving unit. It should be understood that the communication module is used to perform the sending operation and the receiving operation on the second device side or the first device side in the above method embodiments,
  • the device used to implement the sending function in the communication module is regarded as a sending unit, that is, the communication module includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit included in the communication module 1701 is used to perform a receiving operation on the second device side, such as receiving the first information from the first device; the sending unit included in the communication module 1701 is used for A sending operation on the second device side is performed, for example, the second information is sent to the first device.
  • the receiving unit included in the communication module 1701 thereof is configured to perform a receiving operation on the side of the first device, such as receiving second information from the second device.
  • the sending unit included in the communication module 1701 thereof is used to perform a sending operation on the side of the first device, for example, sending the first information to the second device.
  • the communication module may be an input-output circuit and/or a communication interface, and perform input operations (corresponding to the aforementioned receiving operations) and output operations (corresponding to the aforementioned sending operations);
  • the processing module is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit.
  • the apparatus 1700 includes:
  • a communication module 1701 configured to acquire a first reference signal from a second device; wherein, the first reference signal is sent by the second device based on a first set beam;
  • a processing module 1702 configured to determine a first beam, and the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam has the best signal quality
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to send a second reference signal to the second device based on the first beam, where the second reference signal is used to determine the second beam of the second device, and the second reference signal is used to determine the second beam of the second device.
  • the signal quality of the second reference signal acquired by the device based on the second beam is the same as the signal quality of the first reference signal acquired by the first device based on the first beam.
  • one end of the transmitting beam is fixed first, and the optimal receiving beam of the other end is trained; then the optimal receiving beam of the foregoing end is trained based on the foregoing optimal receiving beam, so as to quickly realize beam alignment between the two ends.
  • data transmission can be performed between the first device and the second device through a beam combination formed by the first beam and the second beam.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, send the first reference signal to the second device based on the wide beam of the first device Three reference signals, the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the second device obtains the signal of the third reference signal based on the first set beam The best quality.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receiving beam trained based on sending a wide beam, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, so that the performance of the first beam and the second beam is trained. Better, to further improve the accuracy of beam alignment.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, send to the second device based on the third beam of the first device a third reference signal, where the third reference signal is used to determine the first set beam of the second device, and the second device obtains the third reference signal based on the first set beam The signal quality is the best.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receive beam trained based on the transmit beam (ie, the third beam) specified by the first device, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, and the It is applicable to scenarios in which the beam alignment of the first device is required to be within a specific beam range.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, periodically acquire the fourth reference signal from the second device, and determine A first beam candidate set; wherein the fourth reference signal is sent by the second device based on the first initialization beam of the second device, and the i-th beam in the first beam candidate set is based on the i-th beam Determined by the fourth reference signal received the second time, i is a positive integer; the first beam candidate set includes the third beam, and the first device obtains the fourth reference based on the third beam The signal quality of the signal is the best.
  • the first set beam is the best receiving beam trained based on the third beam of the first device, but the third beam is trained by the first initialization beam selected by the second device, and the first set The beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, and can be applied to a scenario where the second device requires beam alignment to be within a specific beam range.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to: before acquiring the first reference signal from the second device, periodically acquire the fourth reference signal from the second device, and determine A first beam candidate set; wherein the fourth reference signal is sent by the second device based on the wide beam of the second device, and the i-th beam in the first beam candidate set is received according to the i-th beam i is a positive integer determined by the received fourth reference signal; the first beam candidate set includes a third beam, and the first device obtains the signal quality of the fourth reference signal based on the third beam most.
  • the processing module 1702 is further configured to: when periodically acquiring the fourth reference signal reaches a first duration, if the determined beam in the first beam candidate set does not If the third beam is included, send first indication information to the second device through the communication module 1701, where the first indication information is used to instruct the second device to send the remaining number of repetitions of the fourth reference signal;
  • the fourth reference signal is periodically acquired for a first duration, if the determined beam in the first beam candidate set includes the third beam, the communication module 1701 sends the second beam to the second beam. The device feeds back the signal quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam.
  • the first device indicates to the second device the remaining times of sending the reference signal according to the condition of the included beams.
  • the number of times the second device sends the reference signal can be reduced. The number of times, that is, the signaling overhead is reduced, the time for constructing the beam candidate set is shortened, and the beam alignment is quickly realized.
  • the communication module 1701 is specifically configured to acquire the first reference signal from the second device based on the third beam; the processing module 1702 is further configured to The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam is compared with the quality of the fourth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the third beam, and a first ratio is determined.
  • the embodiment of the present application updates and iteratively updates the initially constructed beam candidate set, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy and reliability of beam alignment.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to acquire a fifth reference signal sent by the second device based on a second set beam; the second set beam is the second set beam. any beam of the device except the first beam; the processing module 1702 is further configured to determine a fifth beam; wherein, the first device obtains the fifth reference signal based on the fifth beam The signal quality is the best, and the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam.
  • the beam used for receiving or sending data is updated in a timely manner, and beam tracking is realized. normal communication.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to acquire a data signal from the second device based on the first beam, where the data signal is the second device based on the first beam If sent by two beams, the data signal is associated with a sixth reference signal; the processing module 1702 is further configured to compare the signal quality of the sixth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam with the signal quality of the sixth reference signal.
  • the first device performs comparison based on the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first beam, and obtains a second comparison result, where the second comparison result is used to update the data received by the first device
  • selecting the optimal round as the training result of beam alignment is beneficial to improve the beam pairing Accuracy and reliability.
  • the apparatus 1200 includes:
  • a communication module 1701 configured to send a first reference signal to a first device based on a first set beam, where the first reference signal is used to determine a first beam of the first device, the first device is based on the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by one beam is the best;
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to acquire a second reference signal from the first device, where the second reference signal is sent by the first device based on the first beam;
  • a processing module 1702 configured to determine a second beam; wherein the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the second beam and the signal quality obtained by the first device based on the first beam The signal quality of the first reference signal is the same.
  • one end of the transmitting beam is fixed first, and the optimal receiving beam of the other end is trained; then the optimal receiving beam of the foregoing end is trained based on the foregoing optimal receiving beam, so as to quickly realize beam alignment between the two ends.
  • data transmission can be performed between the first device and the second device through a beam combination formed by the first beam and the second beam.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to acquire a third reference signal from the first device before sending the first reference signal to the second device based on the first set beam, The third reference signal is sent by the first device based on the wide beam of the first device; the processing module 1702 is further configured to determine the first set beam; wherein the second device is based on The signal quality of the third reference signal obtained by the first set beam is the best.
  • the method before sending the first reference signal to the second device based on the first set beam, the method further includes: acquiring a third reference signal from the first device, and determining the The first set beam; wherein, the third reference signal is sent by the first device based on the third beam of the first device, and the second device is based on the first set beam.
  • the signal quality of the third reference signal is the best.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receiving beam trained based on sending a wide beam, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, so that the performance of the first beam and the second beam is trained. Better, to further improve the accuracy of beam alignment.
  • the communication module 1701 is specifically configured to periodically acquire the third reference signal from the first device; the processing module 1702 is specifically configured to determine the fourth beam A candidate set; wherein, the i-th beam in the fourth beam candidate set is determined according to the third reference signal acquired for the i-th time, and i is a positive integer; the fourth beam candidate set includes the - Set the beam.
  • the first set beam is an optimal receive beam trained based on the transmit beam (ie, the third beam) specified by the first device, and the first set beam is used as the basis for training the first beam, and the It is applicable to scenarios in which the beam alignment of the first device is required to be within a specific beam range.
  • the method is further configured to: when the third reference signal is periodically acquired for a third duration, if the determined beams in the fourth beam candidate set do not include the first If the beam is fixed, the communication module 1701 sends third indication information to the first device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the remaining repetitions of the third reference signal sent by the first device; When the third reference signal is acquired randomly and reaches a third duration, if the determined beam in the fourth beam candidate set includes the first set beam, the communication module 1701 is used to instruct the first device to stop The third reference signal is transmitted.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to acquire a second reference signal from the first device based on the first set beam; the processing module 1702 is further configured to comparing the signal quality of the second reference signal obtained by the second device based on the first set beam with the quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam, Determine a third comparison result; and send fourth indication information to the first device through the communication module 1701 according to the third comparison result, where the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first device to send p times the second reference signal, where p is a positive integer; the processing module 1702 is further configured to obtain the second reference signal sent by the second device p times through the communication module 1701, The four-beam candidate set is updated to obtain a fifth beam candidate set, where the fifth beam candidate set includes the second beam.
  • the second device indicates to the first device the remaining times of sending the reference signal according to the condition of the included beams.
  • the number of times the first device sends the reference signal can be reduced. The number of times, that is, the signaling overhead is reduced, the time for constructing the beam candidate set is shortened, and the beam alignment is quickly realized.
  • the communication module 1701 is further configured to, before acquiring the second reference signal sent by the first device based on the first beam, send the information to the first device based on the second set beam Send a fifth reference signal, where the fifth reference signal is used by the first device to determine a fifth beam, and the signal quality of the fifth reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is the best, so The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the fifth beam is lower than the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam; the second set beam is any beam of the second device except the first beam.
  • selecting the optimal round as the training result of beam alignment is beneficial to improve the beam pairing Accuracy and reliability.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus 1800 , and the communication apparatus 1800 may be a chip or a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the communication device 1800 may include at least one processor 1810 coupled to a memory, which may optionally be located within the device or external to the device.
  • the communication device 1800 may also include at least one memory 1820 .
  • the memory 1820 stores necessary computer programs, configuration information, computer programs or instructions and/or data for implementing any of the above embodiments; the processor 1810 may execute the computer programs stored in the memory 1820 to complete the methods in any of the above embodiments.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • Processor 1810 may cooperate with memory 1820.
  • the specific connection medium between the transceiver 1830, the processor 1810, and the memory 1820 is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 1800 may further include a transceiver 1830, and the communication apparatus 1800 may exchange information with other devices through the transceiver 1830.
  • the transceiver 1830 may be a circuit, a bus, a transceiver or any other device that can be used for information exchange, or referred to as a signal transceiving unit. As shown in FIG. 18 , the transceiver 1830 includes a transmitter 1831 , a receiver 1832 and an antenna 1833 .
  • the transceiver in the device 1800 can also be an input-output circuit and/or a communication interface, which can input data (or receive data) and output data (or
  • the processor is an integrated processor or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit, and the processor can determine the output data according to the input data.
  • the communication apparatus 1800 may be applied to the second device, and the specific communication apparatus 1800 may be the second device, or may be capable of supporting the second device, so as to realize the second device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the memory 1820 holds the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and/or data to implement the functions of the second device in any of the above embodiments.
  • the processor 1810 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1820 to complete the method performed by the second device in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the transmitter 1831 in the communication apparatus 1800 can be used to send transmission control configuration information to the first device through the antenna 1833
  • the receiver 1832 can be used to receive the transmission information sent by the first device through the antenna 1833 .
  • the communication apparatus 1800 may be applied to the first device, and the specific communication apparatus 1800 may be the first device, or may be capable of supporting the first device to implement the first device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the memory 1820 holds the necessary computer programs, computer programs or instructions and/or data to implement the functions of the first device in any of the above embodiments.
  • the processor 1810 can execute the computer program stored in the memory 1820 to complete the method performed by the first device in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the receiver 1832 in the communication apparatus 1800 can be used to receive the transmission control configuration information sent by the second device through the antenna 1833
  • the transmitter 1831 can be used to send the transmission information to the second device through the antenna 1833 .
  • the communication apparatus 1800 provided in this embodiment can be applied to a second device to complete the method executed by the second device, or applied to a first device to complete the method executed by the first device. Therefore, the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which may implement or The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application are executed.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the methods disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or may also be a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (RAM).
  • the memory may also be, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in this embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, for storing computer programs, computer programs or instructions and/or data.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides another communication device 1900, including: an input and output interface 1910 and a logic circuit 1920; an input and output interface 1910 is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the logic circuit 1920;
  • the logic circuit 1920 is configured to run code instructions to execute the method executed by the second device or the method executed by the first device in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 can be applied to a first device to perform the method performed by the above-mentioned first device.
  • the input and output interface is used to obtain the first reference signal from the second device; wherein, the first reference signal is sent by the second device based on the first set beam; the logic circuit is used to determine the first beam, the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is the best; the input and output interface is further configured to send the signal to the second device based on the first beam sending a second reference signal, where the second reference signal is used to determine a second beam of the second device, and the second device obtains a signal quality of the second reference signal based on the second beam and the second beam The signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first device based on the first beam is the same.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 can be applied to a second device to perform the method performed by the second device.
  • the input and output interface is used to send a first reference signal to the first device based on the first set beam, the first reference signal is used to determine the first beam of the first device, the first device is based on the set beam.
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the first beam is the best;
  • the input and output interface is also used to obtain a second reference signal from the first device, and the second reference signal is the first device. sent based on the first beam;
  • the logic circuit is configured to determine a second beam; wherein the second device obtains the signal quality of the second reference signal based on the second beam and the first beam
  • the signal quality of the first reference signal obtained by the device based on the first beam is the same.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 provided in this embodiment can be applied to the second device to execute the method executed by the second device, or applied to the first device to execute the method executed by the first device. Therefore, the technical effects that can be obtained can be referred to the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, where the communication system includes at least one communication device applied to the second device and at least one communication device applied to the first device.
  • the communication system includes at least one communication device applied to the second device and at least one communication device applied to the first device.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or an instruction, and when the instruction is executed, causes the second device in any of the foregoing embodiments to execute the program.
  • the method is carried out or the method carried out by the first device is carried out.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may include: a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, including a processor, for supporting the communication apparatus to implement the functions involved in the second device or the first device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the chip is connected to a memory or the chip includes a memory for storing computer programs or instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer programs or instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the The instruction means implement the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente demande concerne un procédé et un appareil de gestion de faisceaux permettant de mettre en œuvre rapidement un alignement de faisceaux. Ledit procédé comprend : un procédé de gestion de faisceau, appliqué à un premier dispositif, consistant : à acquérir un premier signal de référence en provenance d'un second dispositif, et à déterminer un premier faisceau, le premier signal de référence étant envoyé par le second dispositif en fonction d'un premier faisceau défini, et la qualité de signal du premier signal de référence acquis par le premier dispositif en fonction du premier faisceau étant le meilleur ; et à envoyer un second signal de référence au second dispositif en fonction du premier faisceau, le second signal de référence étant utilisé pour déterminer un second faisceau du second dispositif, et la qualité de signal du second signal de référence acquis par le second dispositif en fonction du second faisceau étant identique à la qualité de signal du premier signal de référence acquis par le premier dispositif en fonction du premier faisceau.
PCT/CN2021/141786 2021-02-10 2021-12-27 Procédé et appareil de gestion de faisceaux Ceased WO2022170869A1 (fr)

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EP21925514.8A EP4266592A4 (fr) 2021-02-10 2021-12-27 Procédé et appareil de gestion de faisceaux
US18/360,842 US20230370148A1 (en) 2021-02-10 2023-07-28 Beam management method and apparatus

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CN202110185579.3A CN114915320A (zh) 2021-02-10 2021-02-10 一种波束管理方法及装置

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US20230370148A1 (en) 2023-11-16
EP4266592A4 (fr) 2024-06-26
CN114915320A (zh) 2022-08-16

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