WO2022168315A1 - 血管病変モデル - Google Patents
血管病変モデル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168315A1 WO2022168315A1 PCT/JP2021/004601 JP2021004601W WO2022168315A1 WO 2022168315 A1 WO2022168315 A1 WO 2022168315A1 JP 2021004601 W JP2021004601 W JP 2021004601W WO 2022168315 A1 WO2022168315 A1 WO 2022168315A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/285—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to vascular lesion models.
- vascular lesion models are known. Such a vascular lesion model is used in the training of procedures for treating vascular stenosis and occlusion using medical devices such as catheters and guidewires, such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). be done.
- PTA percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
- a pseudo-lesion that simulates a lesion by having a shape that constricts or occludes the lumen in the lumen of a pseudo-tubular tissue.
- a training biological model having members arranged therein.
- the biological model described in Patent Literature 1 described above includes a single-layer member formed of a polymer material as a pseudo-lesion member.
- lesions formed in actual blood vessels generally have various configurations. Therefore, a vascular lesion model corresponding to various cases has been desired for use in training for various treatments using medical devices, development of medical devices, and the like.
- a vascular lesion model is provided.
- This vascular lesion model is divided into a hollow vascular part simulating a blood vessel, and a plurality of lesion areas arranged inside the vascular part and having different hardnesses.
- the lesion area includes a lesion area configured using a polymer material, and the lesion area is defined as the at least partial lesion area in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model, and the vascular area
- a first lesion area having a shape that is provided in contact with a part of the inner periphery and spreads from a part of the inner periphery toward the center of the lesion, a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction
- a second lesion area having a solid shape spaced apart from the outer periphery of the lesion, and a second lesion area spaced apart from both ends of the lesion in the longitudinal direction in both the cross section parallel to and occluding the vessel.
- vascular lesion model since the lesion area has at least one lesion area among the first lesion area to the fourth lesion area, it is different from the conventional vascular lesion model for various cases. It becomes possible to provide variations of the vascular lesion model.
- the lesion area includes the first lesion area, and the first lesion area is formed harder than the lesion area in contact with the first lesion area.
- the first lesion region having a shape that widens from a part of the inner periphery of the blood vessel toward the center of the lesion is formed hard, so that the calcified lesion is formed by the first lesion region. It is possible to simulate a lesion area having a hardness higher than that of other parts such as.
- the lesion is defined by a plurality of lines that connect two points on the inner periphery of the vascular portion and do not intersect with each other in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It may be divided into a plurality of lesion areas including a lesion area. With such a configuration, a lesion having the first lesion area can be easily realized.
- the lesion area includes the second lesion area
- the second lesion area includes a portion including the surface of the second lesion area and a portion other than the second lesion area.
- the lesion area includes the third lesion area, and the third lesion area is located adjacent to the third lesion area in the lesion area. may also be formed hard. With such a configuration, the third lesion area is spaced apart from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the lesion area and is hard to occlude the blood vessel. It is possible to simulate a lesion area that is harder than other parts.
- the lesion area includes the plurality of fourth lesion areas, and some of the plurality of fourth lesion areas are formed harder than other fourth lesion areas. It can be assumed that there is With such a configuration, it is possible to enhance the effect of providing variations of vascular lesion models that are different from conventional vascular lesion models as vascular lesion models corresponding to various cases.
- At least some lesion regions among the plurality of lesion regions may be provided with an inorganic material. With such a configuration, it becomes easier to form a lesion area that is harder than other lesion areas by providing the inorganic material.
- part of the plurality of lesion regions may be provided with a porous polymer body in the lesion.
- the porous polymer body is provided by allowing the material forming the lesion area adjacent to the lesion area including the porous polymer body to enter the pores of the porous polymer body. Adhesion between a lesion area and an adjacent lesion area can be enhanced.
- the lesion may include a plurality of through-holes extending through the lesion in the longitudinal direction.
- the vascular lesion model of the above aspect may further include a member imitating an intravascular indwelling device that is indwelled in the blood vessel and used in the lesion.
- the present disclosure can be realized in various forms other than the above, for example, it can be realized in the form of a manufacturing method of a vascular lesion model, an organ model including a vascular lesion model, a human body simulation apparatus including a vascular lesion model, and the like. is.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of the vascular lesion model of the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- 4 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a vascular lesion model according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model of the second embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- 6 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a vascular lesion model according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model of the third embodiment;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- 11 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a vascular lesion model according to the third embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model of the fourth embodiment;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- 10 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a vascular lesion model according to the fourth embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model of the fifth embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- 11 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a vascular lesion model according to the fifth embodiment; Sectional drawing which represents typically the vascular lesion model of 6th Embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the sixth embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the sixth embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the sixth embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the sixth embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the sixth embodiment; Sectional drawing which represents typically the vascular lesion model of 7th Embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the seventh embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the seventh embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the seventh embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the seventh embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the seventh embodiment;
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of the vascular lesion model of the eighth embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified example of the seventh embodiment;
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vascular lesion model of a modified
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model of the ninth embodiment;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model 10 of the first embodiment.
- the vascular lesion model 10 of the present embodiment is used for purposes such as training of various procedures for treatment using medical devices such as catheters and guide wires, and development of medical devices.
- the vascular lesion model 10 is formed in a substantially columnar shape as a whole.
- a vascular lesion model 10 includes a lesion 20 that simulates a lesion formed in a blood vessel, and a vascular part 30 in which the lesion 20 is arranged.
- FIG. 1 shows XYZ axes that are orthogonal to each other.
- the X-axis corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 10 (hereinafter also simply referred to as the longitudinal direction), the Y-axis corresponds to the height direction of the vascular lesion model 10, and the Z-axis corresponds to the vascular lesion model 10. Corresponds to the width direction.
- the direction indicated by each axis described above is common to the direction indicated by the XYZ axes in each figure described later.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 10 and passing through the central axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 10 .
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views schematically showing cross-sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 10.
- FIG. 1 the position of the section in FIG. 2 is shown as the 2-2 section, and the position of the section in FIG. 3 is shown as the 3-3 section.
- the lesion 20 is divided into two protruding lesion areas 22 and an intervening lesion area 23 other than the protruding lesion area 22 .
- the number of protruding lesion regions 22 may be one, or may be three or more.
- the lesion 20 blocks the inside of the blood vessel 30, but the lesion 20 may constrict without completely blocking the blood vessel 30. .
- the protruding lesion area 22 is provided in contact with part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30 in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 10, and is part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30. It has a shape that widens toward the central side of the lesion 20 from the root. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the protruding lesion area 22 is provided apart from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the lesion 20 .
- the protruding lesion area 22 is also called a "first lesion area".
- the intervening lesion area 23 is an area other than the protruding lesion area 22 in the lesion 20 .
- Both the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 of this embodiment are configured using a polymer material.
- polymer materials that constitute the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23 include thermoplastic resins such as nylon, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA ), polycarbonate, and the like.
- thermosetting resins such as polyurethane, silicone resin, and fluororesin can be used.
- acrylamide, sodium acrylate, etc. which are water-absorbing resins can be mentioned.
- polysaccharide hydrogels such as agarose, carrageenan, methylcellulose gel, hyaluronic acid hydrogel, sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose gel, xanthan gum, glycogen, cellulose, and starch as other polysaccharides, and protein hydrogels such as collagen and gelatin. , albumin, keratin and the like.
- latex-derived natural rubber, polybutadiene-based or nitrile-based synthetic rubber, and the like can be used.
- polysaccharide hydrogel and polyvinyl alcohol are preferable because they are easy to handle.
- agarose is desirable because its softness can be easily adjusted.
- polyvinyl alcohol it becomes easier to soften the gel that constitutes the lesion area, compared to the case of using agarose.
- the constituent material of the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 can be arbitrarily selected from various polymeric materials as described above. Moreover, the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23 may each be configured by combining a plurality of arbitrary polymer materials among various polymer materials as described above. The polymeric materials that make up the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 may be of the same type or of different types.
- the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 have different hardnesses.
- the hardness of each lesion area can be easily varied by varying the concentration of the polymer material. can be done. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the darker the hatching attached to the lesion area, the harder the lesion area. That is, in this embodiment, the two protruding lesion regions 22 are formed with the same hardness, and the intervening lesion region 23 is formed softer than the protruding lesion region 22 .
- the combination of hardness of each lesion area may be different from the above.
- the hardness of the two protruding lesion regions 22 may be different from each other, or the intervening lesion region 23 may be formed harder than the protruding lesion region 22 .
- At least a part of the two protruding lesion regions 22 and intervening lesion regions 23 described above may contain an inorganic material in addition to the polymer material.
- Inorganic materials contained in the lesion area include, for example, calcium sulfate (hemihydrate, dihydrate, or anhydrous), which is a hydratable compound, and cellulose nanofibers (CN). Including such an inorganic material in addition to the polymeric material allows the lesion area to be made firmer.
- the inorganic material may be dispersed in the polymeric material in the form of powder or fine particles, for example.
- the content of the inorganic material may be higher than the content of the polymeric material.
- the powdered inorganic material is mixed with a gel material that can be used as a solvent, such as agarose gel, gelatin gel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel, urethane gel, silicon gel, etc.
- a gel material that can be used as a solvent
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the protruding lesion area 22 may be formed by molding into the desired shape.
- the stiffness of the lesion area can be changed. For example, even if the type and concentration of the polymeric material are the same in different lesion regions, at least one of the type, mixing ratio, and particle size of other materials dispersed in the polymeric material is different. If the tactile sensation of inserting the medical device into the vascular lesion model 10 is different, the hardness of these lesion areas is assumed to be different.
- the stiffness of each lesion area can be compared by elastic modulus.
- the elastic modulus of each lesion area may be appropriately set within a range of, for example, greater than 0.001 MPa and less than 10 GPa.
- At least one lesion area among the plurality of lesion areas constituting the lesion area 20, for example, at least one lesion area among the two protruding lesion areas 22, is a porous body formed of a polymer material.
- the porous polymer body is obtained by mixing one or more of the above-described polymer materials for forming the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23 with a foaming agent. After that, it can be obtained by a foaming method in which the polymeric material is cured and molded to make the polymeric material porous.
- a pore-forming agent by mixing a pore-forming agent with the polymeric material, curing and molding the polymeric material, and then extracting (eluting) the pore-forming agent from the resulting molded article to make it porous.
- a foaming agent such as a surfactant, mechanically stirring the polymer material to foam the polymer material, and then curing and molding the polymer material.
- the blood vessel part 30 is a part simulating a human blood vessel and has a hollow tubular shape.
- the blood vessel part 30 is desirably made of a transparent or translucent material so that the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 arranged inside can be visually recognized from the outside.
- Examples of materials that can be used to form the blood vessel part 30 include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), agarose, sodium alginate, cellulose, starch, glycogen, silicone, latex, and polyurethane.
- polyvinyl alcohol is desirable because its lubricity and elasticity are similar to those of human blood vessels.
- the vascular lesion model 10 is used to enhance the immersive feeling of the operator when training for procedures related to treatment and diagnosis. can be done.
- the inner and outer diameters of the blood vessel portion 30 and the longitudinal length of the blood vessel portion 30 can be arbitrarily set according to the type of blood vessel to be simulated, the type of procedure to be trained, and the like. .
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the manufacturing method of the vascular lesion model 10.
- a polymeric material for forming each lesion area and a tubular member that will be the vascular portion 30 are prepared (step T100).
- a preselected polymer material is adjusted to a preset concentration using an appropriate solvent such as water, and if necessary, the polymer material is dissolved by heating or the like, and if necessary, the polymer material is dissolved.
- other materials are mixed with each other and prepared in a pre-hardening state.
- a protruding lesion area 22 is formed (step T110).
- the protruding lesion region 22 is produced, for example, by curing the material for the protruding lesion region 22 prepared in step T100 in a mold and molding it into a desired shape. In step T110, cooling may be performed as necessary. Alternatively, at least one of the two protruding lesion regions 22 may be formed as the polymeric porous body described above.
- the protruding lesion area 22 produced in step T110 is arranged at a specific location on the inner wall of the blood vessel portion 30 (step T120).
- the protruding lesion area 22 obtained by curing and molding the polymer material in advance is arranged in the blood vessel part 30 (steps T110 and T120).
- the polymeric material may be cured to form the protruding lesion area 22 .
- the vascular part 30 is filled with a polymeric material that will become the intervening lesion region 23 (step T130), and the filled polymeric material is cured to form the intervening lesion region 23 (step T140), thereby forming a vascular lesion model.
- the vascular lesion model 10 may be used for training using a medical device as it is, or may be used while being immersed in a fluid (for example, simulated blood such as physiological saline). Alternatively, if the lesion does not occlude the vascular part 30 in the vascular lesion model 10, a flow path of fluid (for example, simulated blood such as physiological saline) is connected to the vascular lesion model 10, and the vascular part 30 is The fluid may be circulated within a channel including the inside.
- the vascular lesion model 10 may be incorporated into an organ model imitating an organ such as the heart, liver, or brain together with other vascular models that do not have lesions. Alternatively, it may be used by incorporating it into a human body simulation device that simulates at least a part of a human body, together with other blood vessel models and organ models that do not have lesions.
- the lesion 20 is in contact with a part of the inner circumference of the vascular part 30 in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 10.
- a protruding lesion area 22 is provided and is a first lesion area having a shape extending from a part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30 toward the central side of the lesion part 20 . Therefore, as a vascular lesion model corresponding to various cases, it is possible to provide variations of vascular lesion models that are different from conventional models.
- the protruding lesion region 22 when the protruding lesion region 22 is formed to be harder than the intervening lesion region 23, the protruding lesion region can simulate a lesion region having higher hardness than other sites, such as a calcified lesion. . Therefore, it is possible to provide a lesion model that approximates the mode of lesions that are relatively frequently observed in clinical practice.
- the adhesiveness between the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23 is reduced. It can be increased to stabilize the structure of the lesion 20 .
- adjacent lesion regions such as the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23 are formed of different types of materials, for example, one lesion region is formed of a porous material, so that the adjacent lesion regions are formed from a porous material. It becomes possible to stabilize the structure of the lesion 20 by increasing the adhesiveness between the lesion areas. Specifically, for example, if the protruding lesion region 22 is formed of the above-described porous body of the polymeric material, the material of the intervening lesion region 23 before hardening is filled into the blood vessel portion 30, thereby causing the protruding lesion region 22 to be formed.
- the polymer material forming the intervening lesion region 23 It is possible to allow the polymer material forming the intervening lesion region 23 to penetrate into the pores of the porous material forming the lesion region 22 . Thereby, the adhesiveness between the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 can be enhanced.
- the porosity of the porous polymer material that constitutes the protruding lesion region 22 it is possible to adjust the hardness of the protruding lesion region 22 and the adhesiveness between the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23. become.
- the protruding lesion region 22 is formed from a water-absorbing resin such as acrylamide or sodium acrylate
- the intervening lesion region 23 is formed from a water-soluble resin such as polyvinyl alcohol
- the material of the intervening lesion region 23 is is filled into the vascular portion 30, the water in the material of the intervening lesion region 23 is absorbed by the water-absorbing resin that constitutes the protruding lesion region 22, resulting in a gap between the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23. Adhesion can be improved.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of the vascular lesion model 110 of the second embodiment, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 110. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the position of the section of FIG. 6 is shown as section 6-6.
- a vascular lesion model 110 of the second embodiment includes a lesioned part 120 that simulates a lesion formed in a blood vessel, and a vascular part 30 similar to that of the first embodiment.
- the lesion 120 blocks the blood vessel 30, and the lesion 120 is divided into a lower lesion area 122, an intermediate lesion area 123, and an upper lesion area 124, which are lesion areas formed in layers. It is Although the lesion 120 is divided into three layers in the second embodiment, it may be divided into two layers, or may be divided into four or more layers.
- the lower lesion area 122 and the upper lesion area 124 are provided in contact with part of the inner circumference of the vascular part 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 110. It has a shape that spreads from a part of the inner circumference of the lesion area 120 toward the center side of the lesion area 120, and corresponds to the "first lesion area". As shown in FIG. 5, the lower lesion area 122 and the upper lesion area 124 are provided continuously from one longitudinal end to the other longitudinal end of the lesion 120 .
- the lesion 120 of the second embodiment is formed by connecting two points on the inner periphery of the blood vessel 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and forming a plurality of lines including the first lesion region by a plurality of lines that do not intersect each other. can be said to be divided into several lesion areas.
- the line that forms the boundary between the lower-layer lesion area 122 and the middle-layer lesion area 123 and the line that forms the boundary between the middle-layer lesion area 123 and the upper-layer lesion area 124 are not parallel.
- the angle formed by these lines can be arbitrarily set within a range in which these lines do not intersect.
- the lower lesion area 122, the intermediate lesion area 123, and the upper lesion area 124 have different hardnesses.
- the darker the hatching attached to the lesion area the harder the lesion area. That is, in the second embodiment, the upper-layer lesion area 124, the middle-layer lesion area 123, and the lower-layer lesion area 122 are formed hard in this order.
- the combination of hardness of each lesion area may be different from the above.
- the lower lesion region 122, the middle lesion region 123, and the upper lesion region 124 are made of one or more polymers selected from various polymeric materials similar to those of the protruding lesion region 22 and the intervening lesion region 23 of the first embodiment. It can be configured using materials.
- the polymer materials forming the lower lesion area 122, the middle lesion area 123, and the upper lesion area 124 may be of the same type or of different types. Further, at least a part of the lower-layer lesion area 122, the middle-layer lesion area 123, and the upper-layer lesion area 124 may contain an inorganic material in addition to the polymer material, as in the first embodiment. good.
- the stiffness of the lesion area can be changed.
- at least a part of the lesion regions among the plurality of lesion regions forming the lesion 120 may be configured using a porous polymer material as described in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the manufacturing method of the vascular lesion model 110 of the second embodiment.
- a polymer material for forming each lesion area and a tubular member to be the vascular portion 30 are prepared (step T200).
- the material for the underlying lesion area 122 is arranged in layers in the vascular part 30 and hardened (step T210).
- the material for the middle-layer lesion area 123 is placed on the formed lower-layer lesion area 122 in the blood vessel part 30 and hardened (step T220).
- the material for the upper-layer lesion region 124 is placed on the formed middle-layer lesion region 123 and hardened (step T230) to complete the vascular lesion model 110.
- FIG. In this way, by repeating the crossing of arranging and hardening the materials for each lesion area in layers in the vascular part 30 , the lower lesion area 122 , the intermediate lesion area 123 , and the upper lesion area 124 are sequentially formed, and the vascular lesion model 110 is formed. complete the
- the end of the site forming the lesion 120 in the blood vessel section 30 should be closed.
- the manufacturing method shown in FIG. may be pre-cured and shaped in , and then placed in the vessel portion 30 .
- a three-layer structure having three layers corresponding to the lower-layer lesion area 122, the middle-layer lesion area 123, and the upper-layer lesion area 124 is produced outside the blood vessel part 30, and the inner diameter of the blood vessel part 30 is calculated from the three-layer structure.
- a columnar member having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the vascular portion 30 may be cut out and placed in the blood vessel portion 30 .
- the lesioned part 120 is provided in contact with a part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the lesioned part 120 is provided from the part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30 to the lesioned part 120. It has a lower lesion area 122 and an upper lesion area 124 which are the first lesion areas having a shape that spreads toward the center of the body. Therefore, as a vascular lesion model corresponding to various cases, it is possible to provide variations of vascular lesion models that are different from conventional models.
- the type of polymer material constituting each lesion area is appropriately selected, and a part of the lesion area is formed using a polymeric porous material.
- a part of the lesion area is formed with a water absorbent resin, the same effects as those described in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model 210 of the third embodiment, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 210. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the position of the section of FIG. 9 is shown as section 9-9.
- a vascular lesion model 210 of the third embodiment includes a lesioned part 220 that simulates a lesion formed in a blood vessel, and a vascular part 30 similar to that of the first embodiment.
- the lesion 220 blocks the blood vessel 30 .
- the lesion 220 comprises projecting lesion areas 222 , 224 and 225 , an intervening lesion area 23 and floating lesion areas 228 and 229 . Note that the number of protruding lesion areas and the number of floating lesion areas may be 1 or more different from the above.
- Each of the protruding lesion regions 222, 224, and 225 is provided in contact with part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 210, and is part of the inner circumference of the blood vessel part 30. It has a shape that spreads toward the central side of the lesion 220, and corresponds to the "first lesion area".
- the protruding lesion areas 222 , 224 , 225 are spaced apart from both longitudinal ends of the lesion 220 as shown in FIG. 8 .
- Floating lesion regions 228 and 229 have a solid shape spaced apart from the perimeter of lesion 220 in both longitudinal and parallel cross sections, as shown in FIGS. is doing. That is, floating lesion areas 228 and 229 are spaced from the entire outer surface of lesion 220 . Specifically, the floating lesion regions 228 and 229 are spaced apart from both ends of the lesion 220 in the longitudinal direction and from the side surfaces of the lesion 220 contacting the inner wall of the blood vessel 30 .
- the term "solid shape” is not limited to a lesion area having a dense structure, and includes a lesion area having the above-described porous polymer body. Also, “solid shape” does not include cases where the lesion area is formed in a tubular shape.
- the floating lesion areas 228, 229 are also called "second lesion areas”.
- the floating lesion area 228 includes a core portion 226 and a surface layer portion 227 covering the surface of the core portion 226 .
- the intervening lesion area 23 is an area other than the protruding lesion areas 222 , 224 and 225 and the floating lesion areas 228 and 229 in the lesion 220 .
- the protruding lesion regions 222 and 224, the surface layer 227 of the floating lesion region 228, and the floating lesion region 229 are formed with the same hardness.
- the core portion 226 of the region 228 is formed to have the same hardness as the above, and the intervening lesion region 23 is formed to be the softest.
- the floating lesion region 228, which is the second lesion region is formed so that the portion including the surface of the floating lesion region 228 and the other portion of the floating lesion region 228 have different hardness. ing.
- the combination of hardness of each lesion area may be different from the above.
- Each lesion area included in the lesion 220 of the third embodiment is made of one or more polymer materials selected from the same various polymer materials as the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 of the first embodiment.
- the polymeric materials forming each lesion area included in the lesion 220 may be of the same type or of different types.
- at least part of the lesion area included in the lesion 220 may contain an inorganic material in addition to the polymer material, as in the first embodiment.
- the stiffness of the lesion area can be changed.
- at least a part of the lesion regions among the plurality of lesion regions forming the lesion portion 220 may be configured using a polymeric material that is a porous body, as described in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing the manufacturing method of the vascular lesion model 210 of the third embodiment.
- a polymer material for forming each lesion area and a tubular member to be the vascular portion 30 are prepared (step T300).
- projecting lesion regions 222, 224, 225 and floating lesion regions 228, 229 are formed (step T310).
- the protruding lesion regions 222, 224, 225 and the floating lesion regions 228, 229 are formed, for example, by curing the material for each lesion region prepared in step T300 in a mold prepared in advance according to the shape of the lesion region. It is produced by molding into a desired shape.
- at least one of the protruding lesion regions 222, 224, 225 and the floating lesion regions 228, 229 may be formed as the polymeric porous body described above.
- the protruding lesion regions 222, 224, and 225 produced in step T310 are arranged at specific locations on the inner wall of the blood vessel portion 30 (step T320).
- the protruding lesion regions 222, 224, and 225 obtained by curing and molding the polymer material in advance are arranged in the blood vessel part 30 (steps T310 and T320).
- 224 and 225 are placed at specific locations in the blood vessel 30, and then the polymer material is cured to form the protruding lesion regions 222, 224 and 225. good too.
- the floating lesion regions 228 and 229 are arranged in the blood vessel part 30, and at the same time, the polymeric material that becomes the intervening lesion region 23 is filled (step T330), and the filled polymeric material is cured to form the intervening lesion region 23.
- the floating lesion regions 228 and 229 are arranged at desired positions in the pre-hardened polymer material that forms the intervening lesion region 23 by ensuring the viscosity of the polymer material that forms the intervening lesion region 23. it becomes possible to
- the lesion 220 is provided in contact with part of the inner circumference of the vascular part 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 210, and part of the inner circumference of the vascular part 30.
- Protrusive lesion areas 222 , 224 , and 225 that are first lesion areas having a shape that spreads from the lesion area 220 toward the central side of the lesion area 220 are provided.
- vascular lesion models corresponding to various cases, it is possible to provide variations of vascular lesion models that are different from conventional models. Further, when forming such a plurality of lesion areas, the type of polymer material constituting each lesion area is appropriately selected, and a part of the lesion area is formed using a polymeric porous material. Alternatively, by forming a part of the lesion area with a water absorbent resin, the same effects as those described in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model 310 of the fourth embodiment, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 310. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, the position of the section of FIG. 12 is shown as section 12-12.
- a vascular lesion model 310 of the fourth embodiment includes a lesioned portion 320 that simulates a lesion formed in a blood vessel, and a vascular portion 30 similar to that of the first embodiment.
- Lesion 320 comprises three occlusive lesion areas 322 and four intervening lesion areas 323 . Note that the number of obstructing lesion areas 322 and the number of intervening lesion areas 323 may be different from the number described above, one or more, and the types of lesion areas arranged at both ends of the lesion 320 may be different.
- both the obstructing lesion area 322 and the intervening lesion area 323 are provided so as to obstruct the vascular part 30, and the obstructing lesion area 322 and the intervening lesion area 323 are arranged in the longitudinal direction. are arranged in alternating directions.
- the three occluding lesion areas 322 and the two intervening lesion areas 323 of the four intervening lesion areas 323 located in the middle in the longitudinal direction are both spaced apart from the longitudinal ends of the lesion 320 . , and is provided to occlude the vessel portion 30 .
- These obstructing lesion areas 322 and intervening lesion areas 323 are also referred to as "third lesion areas".
- the darker the hatching attached to the lesion area the harder the lesion area. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the three obstructing lesion areas 322 are all formed with the same hardness, and the four intervening lesion areas 323 are all formed with the same hardness, and the obstructing lesion areas 322 are It is formed harder than the intervening lesion area 323 .
- the combination of hardness of each lesion area may be different from the above.
- the three obstructive lesion regions 322 are all formed to have the same length in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction), and the four intervening lesion regions 323 are all formed in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction). ) are formed to have the same length, and the obstructing lesion region 322 is formed to have a shorter length in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) than the intervening lesion region 323 .
- the relative relationship of the longitudinal length of each lesion area may be different from the above, and the longitudinal length of each lesion area can be set arbitrarily.
- Each lesion area included in the lesion area 320 of the fourth embodiment is made of one or more polymer materials selected from various polymer materials similar to the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 of the first embodiment. can be configured using The polymeric materials forming each lesion area included in the lesion 320 may be of the same type or of different types. Moreover, at least part of the lesion area included in the lesion 320 may contain an inorganic material in addition to the polymer material, as in the first embodiment.
- the stiffness of the lesion area can be changed.
- at least some of the lesion areas constituting the lesion 320 may be configured using a polymeric material that is a porous body, as described in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the manufacturing method of the vascular lesion model 310 of the fourth embodiment.
- a polymeric material for forming each lesion region and a tubular member to be the vascular portion 30 are prepared (step T400). Thereafter, the vascular portion 30 is filled with a polymeric material that will form the intervening lesion region 323 (step T410), and the filled polymeric material is cured to form the intervening lesion region 323 (step T420).
- the vascular part 30 is filled with a polymeric material that will become the obstructed lesion area 322 (step T430), and the filled polymeric material is cured to form the obstructed lesion area 322 (step T440). Then, the operation of forming the intervening lesion regions 323 in steps T410 and T420 and the operation of forming the obstructing lesion regions 322 in steps T430 and T440 are alternately performed (step T450), and a preset number of protruding lesion regions are performed. 22 and intervening lesion regions 23 are formed to complete the vascular lesion model 310 .
- the end of the site where the lesion 320 is to be formed in the blood vessel section 30 may be closed.
- at least a part of the lesion areas may be formed with, for example, a mold. It may be placed in the vascular portion 30 after being pre-cured and molded outside the vascular portion 30 by use. At least one of the plurality of obstructing lesion regions 322 and intervening lesion regions 323 may be formed as the above-described porous polymer body.
- the lesion 320 is spaced apart from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the lesion 320, and the blocked lesion region 322, which is the third lesion region provided to block the blood vessel 30, and It has an intervening lesion area 323 . Therefore, as vascular lesion models corresponding to various cases, it is possible to provide variations of vascular lesion models that are different from conventional models.
- the obstructing lesion area 322 may cause a It is possible to simulate a lesion area that is harder than other parts. Specifically, when a medical device is inserted into a vascular lesion model, the model can be such that the lesion is occluded by a lesion area with higher hardness inside the lesion. Therefore, it is possible to provide a lesion model that approximates the mode of lesions that are relatively frequently observed in clinical practice.
- the type of polymer material constituting each lesion area is appropriately selected, and a part of the lesion area is formed using a polymeric porous material.
- a part of the lesion area is formed with a water absorbent resin, the same effects as those described in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model 410 of the fifth embodiment, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 410. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 14, the position of the section of FIG. 15 is shown as the 15-15 section.
- a vascular lesion model 410 of the fifth embodiment includes a lesioned portion 420 that simulates a lesion formed in a blood vessel, and a vascular portion 30 similar to that of the first embodiment.
- the lesion 420 includes one penetrating lesion area 424 , three penetrating lesion areas 425 , and an intervening lesion area 423 other than the penetrating lesion areas 424 and 425 . Note that the number of penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 may be 1 or more different from the above.
- the penetrating lesional regions 424 and 425 are both provided separately from the inner periphery of the blood vessel portion 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and are separated from each other independently. are placed.
- "arranged independently and spaced from each other” does not simply mean that both are separated, for example, when one is formed in a tubular shape and the other is arranged It means that one does not include the other, such as .
- the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 are both formed continuously over both ends of the lesion 420 in the longitudinal direction, and penetrate the lesion 420 in the longitudinal direction.
- penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 may be spaced apart from at least one of the longitudinal ends of the lesion 420 .
- These penetrating lesion areas 424, 425 are also referred to as "fourth lesion areas”.
- the penetrating lesion areas 425 are all formed with the same hardness, and the penetrating lesion area 424 is formed harder than the penetrating lesion area 425 . Also, the intervening lesion area 423 is formed harder than the penetrating lesion areas 424 and 425 .
- the combination of hardness of each lesion area may be different from the above.
- one penetrating lesion region 424 is formed to have a larger diameter in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction than three penetrating lesion regions 425 .
- the number of penetrating lesion areas 424 and 425 may be 1 or more different from the above.
- the manner of arrangement of penetrating lesion regions 424 and penetrating lesion regions 425 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may be different from that shown in FIG.
- Each lesion area included in the lesion 420 of the fifth embodiment is made of one or more polymer materials selected from various polymer materials similar to the protruding lesion areas 22 and the intervening lesion areas 23 of the first embodiment. can be configured using The polymeric materials forming each lesion area included in the lesion 420 may be of the same type or of different types. Moreover, at least part of the lesion area included in the lesion 420 may contain an inorganic material in addition to the polymer material, as in the first embodiment.
- the stiffness of the lesion area can be changed.
- at least some of the lesion areas constituting the lesion area 420 may be configured using a polymeric material that is a porous body, as described in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing the manufacturing method of the vascular lesion model 410 of the fifth embodiment.
- a polymeric material for forming each lesion area and a tubular member that will become the vascular portion 30 are prepared (step T500).
- the polymeric material that will form the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 is cured to form the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 (step T510).
- the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 are formed into a cylindrical shape by, for example, hardening the material for each lesion region prepared in step T500 in a cylindrical mold prepared in advance according to the shape of the lesion region. It can be made by At this time, at least one of the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 may be formed as the polymer porous material described above.
- step T510 the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 produced in step T510 are placed in the blood vessel portion 30, and a polymeric material that forms the intervening lesion region 23 is filled (step T520), and the filled polymeric material is cured. to form the intervening lesion area 23 (step T530), and the vascular lesion model 410 is completed.
- step T520 by ensuring the viscosity of the polymer material that will become the intervening lesion region 23, the penetrating lesion regions 424 and 425 are arranged at desired positions in the pre-hardened polymer material that will become the intervening lesion region 23. it becomes possible to
- the lesioned portion 420 is provided apart from the inner periphery of the blood vessel portion 30 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of fourth lesions are arranged independently and spaced apart from each other. It has penetrating lesion areas 424 and 425 which are areas. Therefore, as a vascular lesion model corresponding to various cases, it is possible to provide variations of vascular lesion models that are different from conventional models. Further, when forming such a plurality of lesion areas, the type of polymer material constituting each lesion area is appropriately selected, and a part of the lesion area is formed using a polymeric porous material. Alternatively, by forming a part of the lesion area with a water absorbent resin, the same effects as those described in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the penetrating lesion region 424 causes calcification, for example.
- a lesion it is possible to simulate a lesion area that is harder than other parts. Therefore, it is possible to provide a lesion model that approximates the mode of lesions that are relatively frequently observed in clinical practice.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 510 of the sixth embodiment.
- a vascular lesion model 510 includes a lower lesion area 122, an intermediate lesion area 123, and an upper lesion area 124, as in the second embodiment, and further includes a through hole 528 extending through the lesion in the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 17 shows how through holes 528 formed concentrically with the vascular part 30 are provided in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 510 .
- FIGS. 18 to 22 are cross-sectional views schematically showing cross sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of vascular lesion models 510a to 510e as modifications of the sixth embodiment.
- a vascular lesion model 510a of a first modification of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is provided with a through hole 528a having an irregular outer peripheral shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- a vascular lesion model 510b of the second modification of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 19 a vascular lesion model 510c of the third modification of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG.
- the vascular lesion model 510d of the 4 modified examples has the position of the center of gravity deviated from the center of the cross section of the vascular part 30 in the cross sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion models 510b, 510c, and 510d, respectively.
- through-holes 528b, 528c, 528d (eccentric in cross section) are provided.
- the size of the through holes can be varied.
- the through-hole may be formed eccentrically and irregularly in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model.
- a vascular lesion model 510e of the fifth modification of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 22 has a plurality of through holes 528e and 527 provided eccentrically in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 510e.
- a rod-shaped core having a shape corresponding to the through-hole is placed inside the vascular portion 30 prior to forming the lesion in the vascular portion 30.
- Materials should be placed.
- the core material can be made of metal, for example, from the viewpoint of having the rigidity to hold the position for forming the space to be the through hole in the blood vessel part 30 .
- a polymer material for forming a lesion area is placed and filled and hardened, or a lesion area prepared in advance is placed and the lesion is cured. part should be formed.
- the core material may be removed from the lesion in the blood vessel portion 30 .
- a cylindrical punching member having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the desired through hole is longitudinally cut at a desired position of the lesion area. It may be inserted to form a space serving as a through hole in the lesion.
- FIGS. 18 to 22 show the vascular lesion model of the second embodiment further provided with through holes. may be applied.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 610 of the seventh embodiment, similar to FIG.
- the surface 31 of the end on the -X direction side has a tapered shape that is inclined with respect to the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the vascular lesion model 610.
- the surface 32 of the end on the +X direction side is formed perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- FIGS. 24 to 26 are cross-sectional views schematically showing cross sections parallel to the longitudinal direction of vascular lesion models 610a to 610c as modifications of the seventh embodiment.
- 27 and 28 are cross-sectional views schematically showing cross-sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 610c shown in FIG.
- the position of the section in FIG. 27 is shown as the 27-27 section
- the position of the section in FIG. 28 is shown as the 28-28 section.
- a vascular lesion model 610a of the first modification of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 24 differs from the vascular lesion model 610 in that the surface 31 of the end portion on the ⁇ X direction side of the lesion 620a is concave. ing.
- a lesioned part 620b of a vascular lesion model 610b of the second modification of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. At the site including 32 , end lesion areas 625 , 626 occlude vessel 30 and formed harder than intervening lesion area 23 .
- end lesion regions 625 and 626 that occlude the blood vessel portion 30 and are formed harder than the intervening lesion region 23 .
- the edge lesion area 625 is formed harder than the edge lesion area 626 .
- step T130 when the blood vessel portion 30 is filled with the polymer material that will become the intervening lesion region 23, the desired end shape is obtained.
- the ends of the filled polymeric material may be closed by using a member having a shape that is inverted by pressing.
- FIGS. 23 to 28 show how the end shape of the lesion is changed in the vascular lesion model of the first embodiment. , a similar configuration that changes the edge shape of the lesion may be applied.
- vascular lesion model corresponding to various cases can be obtained. It becomes possible to provide more variations of lesion models. For example, like the vascular lesion model 610b in FIG. 25 and the vascular lesion model 610c in FIG. It is possible to simulate tissue at the edges of lesions (for example, masses of plaque lesions, calcified lesions, etc.) that are frequently confirmed.
- lesions for example, masses of plaque lesions, calcified lesions, etc.
- FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model 510f of the eighth embodiment, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 510f. In FIG. 29, the position of the section of FIG. 30 is shown as the 30-30 section.
- a vascular lesion model 510f of the eighth embodiment is a lesion similar to the vascular lesion model 510a of the first modification of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG.
- a lesion 520f is provided with an intravascular indwelling device 529, which is a device-like member.
- the intravascular indwelling device 529 can be, for example, a stent, but may be other types of intravascular indwelling devices.
- a polymer material to be each lesion area is placed in the blood vessel part 30. It should be hardened.
- FIGS. 29 and 30 show how the intravascular indwelling device 529 is placed in the vascular lesion model 510a of the first modification of the sixth embodiment.
- a similar configuration for arranging the intravascular indwelling device 529 may be applied to lesions of different aspects such as forms and modifications.
- the lesion area includes only at least one of the first to fourth lesion areas in addition to the intervening lesion area 23, but other types of lesion areas may be included. may be provided.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the schematic configuration of a vascular lesion model 710 as the ninth embodiment, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vascular lesion model 710. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 31, the position of the section of FIG. 32 is shown as section 32-32.
- a vascular lesion model 710 of the ninth embodiment includes a lesioned portion 720 that simulates a lesion formed in a blood vessel, and a vascular portion 30 similar to that of the first embodiment.
- the lesion 720 includes one projecting lesion area 722, two floating lesion areas 724, a tubular lesion area 725, and an intervening lesion area 23 other than these lesion areas. Note that the number of protruding lesion areas 722 and floating lesion areas 724 may be 1 or more different from the number described above.
- the tubular lesion region 725 is formed in a cylindrical shape including the entire side surface extending in the longitudinal direction of the lesion 720, and any of the first to fourth lesion regions has Not applicable.
- the two floating lesion regions 724 have a solid shape spaced apart from the perimeter of the lesion 720 in both longitudinal and parallel cross-sections, and the floating lesion regions 724 of the third embodiment have a solid shape. Like the lesion areas 228 and 229, it corresponds to the "second lesion area".
- the protruding lesion area 722 is provided in contact with a part of the inner circumference of the tubular lesion area 725 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and extends from a part of the inner circumference of the tubular lesion area 725 to the central side of the lesion 720. It has a widening shape. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 31, the protruding lesion area 722 is provided apart from both ends of the lesion 720 in the longitudinal direction. Such a protruding lesion region 722 also has a solid shape spaced apart from the outer periphery of the lesion 720 in both the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and the cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction. ”.
- Each lesion area included in the lesion area 720 of the ninth embodiment includes one or more polymer materials selected from various polymeric materials similar to the protruding lesion area 22 and the intervening lesion area 23 of the first embodiment. It can be configured using materials. Moreover, each lesion area included in the lesion 720 of the ninth embodiment may contain an inorganic material in addition to the polymer material. Furthermore, at least a part of the lesion area included in the lesion area 720 of the ninth embodiment may be configured using a porous polymer material as described in the first embodiment.
- the lesion area of the vascular lesion model includes at least one lesion area among the first to fourth lesion areas as well as other types of lesion areas, as described above.
- Different types of lesion areas to be combined with at least one of the first to fourth lesion areas can employ lesion areas of various shapes other than cylindrical.
- the other types of lesion regions described above may be configured using a polymer material, or may be configured using, for example, an inorganic material or a metal material without including a polymer material.
- the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the like, and can be implemented in various configurations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
- the technical features in the embodiments corresponding to the technical features in the respective modes described in the Summary of the Invention column may be used to solve some or all of the above problems, or Substitutions and combinations may be made as appropriate to achieve part or all.
- the technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it can be deleted as appropriate.
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Abstract
Description
(1)本開示の一形態によれば、血管病変モデルが提供される。この血管病変モデルは、血管を模擬する中空の血管部と、前記血管部の内部に配置され、硬さの異なる複数の病変領域に分割されて、前記複数の病変領域のうちの少なくとも一部の病変領域は、高分子材料を用いて構成される病変部と、を備え、前記病変部は、前記少なくとも一部の病変領域として、前記血管病変モデルの長手方向に垂直な断面において、前記血管部の内周の一部に接して設けられ、前記内周の一部から前記病変部の中央側に向かって広がる形状を有する第1病変領域と、前記長手方向に垂直な断面と、前記長手方向に平行な断面との双方において、前記病変部の外周から離間する中実形状を有する第2病変領域と、前記病変部における前記長手方向の両端から離間して配置され、前記血管部を閉塞するように設けられた第3病変領域と、前記長手方向に垂直な断面において、前記血管部の内周から離間して設けられると共に、互いに独立して離間して配置される複数の第4病変領域と、のうちの少なくとも一種の病変領域を備える。
この形態の血管病変モデルによれば、病変部が、第1病変領域から第4病変領域のうちの少なくとも一種の病変領域を備えるため、種々の症例に対応する血管病変モデルとして、従来とは異なる血管病変モデルのバリエーションを提供することが可能になる。
図1は、第1実施形態の血管病変モデル10の概略構成を模式的に表す断面図である。本実施形態の血管病変モデル10は、カテーテルやガイドワイヤ等の医療用デバイスを用いた治療のための種々の手技のトレーニングや、医療用デバイスの開発等を目的とした用途のために用いられる。血管病変モデル10は、全体として、略円柱状に形成されている。血管病変モデル10は、血管内に形成される病変を模擬する病変部20と、病変部20が内部に配置された血管部30と、を備える。図1には、相互に直交するXYZ軸が図示されている。X軸は、血管病変モデル10の長手方向(以下では、単に長手方向とも呼ぶ)に対応し、Y軸は、血管病変モデル10の高さ方向に対応し、Z軸は、血管病変モデル10の幅方向に対応する。上記した各軸が示す方向は、後述する各図におけるXYZ軸が示す方向と共通である。図1は、血管病変モデル10の長手方向に平行な断面であって、血管病変モデル10の長手方向に延びる中心軸を通る断面の様子を示す。
図5は、第2実施形態の血管病変モデル110の概略構成を、図1と同様にして模式的に表す断面図である。また、図6は、血管病変モデル110の長手方向に垂直な断面の様子を模式的に表す断面図である。図5では、図6の断面の位置を6-6断面として示している。
図8は、第3実施形態の血管病変モデル210の概略構成を、図1と同様にして模式的に表す断面図である。また、図9は、血管病変モデル210の長手方向に垂直な断面の様子を模式的に表す断面図である。図8では、図9の断面の位置を9-9断面として示している。
図11は、第4実施形態の血管病変モデル310の概略構成を、図1と同様にして模式的に表す断面図である。また、図12は、血管病変モデル310の長手方向に垂直な断面の様子を模式的に表す断面図である。図11では、図12の断面の位置を12-12断面として示している。
図14は、第5実施形態の血管病変モデル410の概略構成を、図1と同様にして模式的に表す断面図である。また、図15は、血管病変モデル410の長手方向に垂直な断面の様子を模式的に表す断面図である。図14では、図15の断面の位置を15-15断面として示している。
第6実施形態では、血管病変モデルが備える病変部が、血管部を狭窄する例について詳しく説明する。以下では、第2実施形態と同様の病変部において、病変部が血管部30を閉塞することなく狭窄する状態を模した構成について説明する。
第7実施形態では、血管病変モデルが備える病変部の端部が取り得る態様について詳しく説明する。以下では、第1実施形態と同様の病変部における端部の態様を変更した構成について説明する。
図29は、第8実施形態の血管病変モデル510fの概略構成を、図1と同様にして模式的に表す断面図である。また、図30は、血管病変モデル510fの長手方向に垂直な断面の様子を模式的に表す断面図である。図29では、図30の断面の位置を30-30断面として示している。
第1から第8実施形態では、病変部は、介在病変領域23以外には、第1病変領域から第4病変領域のうちの少なくとも一種のみを備えることとしたが、さらに他種の病変領域を備えていてもよい。
20,120,220,320,420,520f,620,620a~620c,720…病変部
22…突出病変領域
23,323,423…介在病変領域
30…血管部
31,32…面
122…下層病変領域
123…中層病変領域
124…上層病変領域
222,224,225…突出病変領域
226…芯部
227…表層部
228,229…浮遊病変領域
322…閉塞病変領域
424,425…貫通病変領域
527,528,528a~528e…貫通孔
529…血管内留置デバイス
625,626…端部病変領域
722…突出病変領域
725…管状病変領域
Claims (10)
- 血管病変モデルであって、
血管を模擬する中空の血管部と、
前記血管部の内部に配置され、硬さの異なる複数の病変領域に分割されて、前記複数の病変領域のうちの少なくとも一部の病変領域は、高分子材料を用いて構成される病変部と、
を備え、
前記病変部は、前記少なくとも一部の病変領域として、
前記血管病変モデルの長手方向に垂直な断面において、前記血管部の内周の一部に接して設けられ、前記内周の一部から前記病変部の中央側に向かって広がる形状を有する第1病変領域と、
前記長手方向に垂直な断面と、前記長手方向に平行な断面との双方において、前記病変部の外周から離間する中実形状を有する第2病変領域と、
前記病変部における前記長手方向の両端から離間して配置され、前記血管部を閉塞するように設けられた第3病変領域と、
前記長手方向に垂直な断面において、前記血管部の内周から離間して設けられると共に、互いに独立して離間して配置される複数の第4病変領域と、
のうちの少なくとも一種の病変領域を備える
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部は、前記第1病変領域を備え、
前記第1病変領域は、前記第1病変領域に接する前記病変領域に比べて硬く形成されている
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1または2に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部は、前記長手方向に垂直な断面において、前記血管部の内周上の2点を結ぶと共に、互いに交差しない複数の線によって、前記第1病変領域を含む複数の前記病変領域に分割されている
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から3までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部は、前記第2病変領域を備え、
前記第2病変領域は、前記第2病変領域の表面を含む部位と、前記第2病変領域の他の部位とが、異なる硬さに形成されている
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から4までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部は、前記第3病変領域を備え、
前記第3病変領域は、前記病変部において前記第3病変領域に隣接して配置される病変領域よりも、硬く形成されている
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から5までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部は、前記複数の第4病変領域を備え、
前記複数の第4病変領域の一部は、他の第4病変領域よりも硬く形成されている
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から6までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記複数の病変領域のうちの少なくとも一部の病変領域は、無機材料を備える
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から7までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部において、前記複数の病変領域のうちの一部は高分子多孔質体を備える
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から8までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、
前記病変部は、前記長手方向に前記病変部を貫通する複数の貫通孔を備える
血管病変モデル。 - 請求項1から9までのいずれか一項に記載の血管病変モデルであって、さらに、
前記病変部内に、血管内に留置して用いる血管内留置デバイスを模した部材を備える
血管病変モデル。
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| PCT/JP2021/004601 WO2022168315A1 (ja) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | 血管病変モデル |
| CN202180091546.0A CN116868257A (zh) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | 血管病变模型 |
| EP21924705.3A EP4290502A4 (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | VASCULAR LESION MODEL |
| JP2022579300A JP7514337B2 (ja) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | 血管病変モデル |
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| JP7514337B2 (ja) | 2024-07-10 |
| US20230410688A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
| CN116868257A (zh) | 2023-10-10 |
| EP4290502A4 (en) | 2024-09-04 |
| EP4290502A1 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
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