WO2022032812A1 - Railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A railway vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body, and a bogie arranged under the vehicle body, the bogie comprising: a framework, a wheelset (4) arranged under the framework, a traction apparatus (7) arranged on the framework, a braking apparatus (8) and a secondary suspension device; the framework comprises: two side beams (1) arranged in parallel; a cross beam mounting hole (11) is provided on the middle section of the side beams (1); a cross beam (2) extends along a second direction, two ends of the cross beam (2) respectively pass through the cross beam mounting hole (11) on each of the two side beams. Relative displacement is generated along the second direction between the cross beam (2) and the side beams (1); a vertical beam (3) is located on an inner side of the side beams (1) and fixed on the cross beam (2); a stop plate (5) is located on an outer side of the side beams (1) and fixed on the cross beam (2); the horizontal distance between the stop plate (5) and the vertical beam (3) is greater than the horizontal width of the side beams (1); the secondary suspension device is located above: the vertical beam (3), the side beams (1), and the stop plate (5), and is fixedly connected to the vertical beam (3) and the stop plate (5). The railway vehicle can pass through a route with a relatively small radius of curvature. The railway vehicle can pass through routes with relatively small radius of curvature.

Description

rail vehicle technical field

The present application relates to the running technology of rail vehicles, and in particular, to a rail vehicle.

Background technique

Rail vehicles are an important transportation link connecting cities, and have gradually become the main means of transportation in cities. Rail vehicles are also the main carrier for cargo transportation. The rail vehicle mainly includes a car body and a bogie arranged under the car body. The bogie is used to carry the car body and realize the functions of running and steering.

The traditional bogie mainly includes frame, wheelset, traction device, braking device, primary suspension and secondary suspension. Among them, the frame is the main frame of the bogie, and the other components are installed on the frame, so the frame must have high strength and stability. The frame includes: two mutually parallel side beams and a beam connected between the two side beams. In order to ensure the stability of the frame, the beam and the side beams are usually fixedly connected. In the process of the vehicle passing through the curve, the cross beam and the side beam as a whole move relatively laterally with respect to the vehicle body, and the turning radius is large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An embodiment of the present application provides a rail vehicle.

An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a rail vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body and a bogie arranged below the vehicle body, the bogie including: a frame, a wheel set arranged under the frame, and a traction device arranged on the frame , braking device and secondary suspension device; the frame includes:

Two side beams arranged in parallel, the side beams extend along the first direction; the middle part of the side beams is provided with a beam mounting hole, the beam mounting hole is a through hole, and the center line of the beam mounting hole extends along the second direction, The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

The beam extends along the second direction, the two ends of the beam pass through the beam mounting holes on the two side beams respectively, and relative displacement can be generated between the beam and the side beams along the second direction; the length of the beam is greater than the outer surface of the two side beams the distance between;

Longitudinal beams, located on the inner side of the side beams, are fixed to the cross beams;

The stop plate is located on the outer side of the side beam and is fixed on the beam; the lateral distance between the stop plate and the longitudinal beam is greater than the lateral width of the side beam; the secondary suspension device is located on the longitudinal beam, the side beam and the stopper Above the plate and fixedly connected with the longitudinal beam and the stop plate.

The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts two side beams extending in the longitudinal direction and a beam extending in the transverse direction, and the two ends of the beams pass through the beam mounting holes arranged in the middle of the side beams, so that the gap between the beams and the side beams can be generated. Relatively moving laterally, the longitudinal beams and stop plates are located on both sides of the side beams and connected to the beams, and the secondary suspension device is arranged above the longitudinal beams, stop plates and side beams and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal beams and stop plates. The beam and the stop plate are used to limit the relative displacement between the beam and the side beam within a preset range, which ensures the safety of operation, and also enables the bogie to meet the requirements of passing curves with a small radius of curvature, and improves the turning performance of the rail vehicle. and safety.

Description of drawings

The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the attached image:

1 is a perspective view of a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

3 is a side view of a side member in a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

4 is an exploded view of the assembly of a side beam and a cross beam in a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of side beams, cross beams and secondary systems in a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;

6 is a top view of the assembly of side beams, cross beams and secondary trains in a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

7 is a cross-sectional view of the cross beam and the side beam in the bogie according to the first embodiment of the application moving relatively to the first limit position;

8 is a cross-sectional view of the relative movement of the cross beam and the side beam to the second limit position in the bogie provided in the first embodiment of the application;

9 is an exploded view of the assembly of a frame and a wheelset in a bogie provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of a spring fixing component in a secondary suspension device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

11 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary suspension device provided in Embodiment 3 of the application;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of the traction device provided on the cross beam provided in the fourth embodiment of the application;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam provided with a longitudinal limit seat and a lateral limit seat on the beam provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

14 is a perspective view of the traction device provided in the fourth embodiment of the application;

15 is a bottom perspective view of the traction device provided in Embodiment 4 of the application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic bottom view of the traction device provided on the cross beam provided in the embodiment of the application.

Reference number:

1-side beam; 11-cross beam mounting hole; 12-wheelset mounting slot; 13-wear mounting seat;

2-beam; 21-beam main section; 22-beam matching section;

3 - longitudinal beam;

4-wheel set; 41-axle; 42-wheel; 43-bearing; 44-bearing bottom bracket; 45-buffer pad;

5-stop plate;

61-Secondary support plate; 611-Positioning protrusion; 62-Spring assembly; 621-Outer coil spring; 622-Inner coil spring; 63-Spring fixing assembly; 631-Pressing plate; 632-Locating pin; 64-Spring protection sleeve Cylinder; 65-rubber stack spring; 651-buffer seat; 652-positioning groove;

7-traction device; 71-upper end plate; 711-bolt hole; 72-longitudinal baffle; 73-transverse baffle; 731-arc groove; 74-crash pad; 75-longitudinal rib; 76-transverse Rib; 77-Reinforcement Rib; 78-Longitudinal Limiting Seat; 781-Longitudinal Fixing Plate; 782-Longitudinal Limiting Plate; 79-Transverse Limiting Seat; 791-Lateral Positioning Frame;

8 - Brakes.

detailed description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and Not all embodiments are exhaustive. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a rail vehicle, which can be a diesel locomotive or an electric locomotive, an EMU, a subway, a light rail or a tram, etc., a passenger car or a freight car, or other special engineering vehicles, test vehicles, etc. vehicles etc. The rail vehicle is capable of adapting to curve passing requirements with a small radius of curvature.

The rail vehicle provided in this embodiment includes: a vehicle body and a bogie arranged under the vehicle body. Two or more bogies can be arranged under one vehicle body. When the rail vehicle travels in a straight line, the vehicle body is located directly above the bogie; when the rail vehicle passes a curve, there may be a relative positional deviation between the vehicle body and the bogie in the lateral direction.

The vehicle body can be implemented by referring to any method in conventional rail vehicles, which is not limited in this embodiment. This embodiment focuses on the detailed description of the structure of the bogie and the connection between the bogie and the vehicle body.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the bogie provided in the first embodiment of the application, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the bogie according to the first embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the bogie provided in this embodiment includes: a frame, a wheel set arranged under the frame, a traction device, a braking device and a secondary suspension device arranged on the frame.

The frame, as the main structure of the bogie, includes side beams 1 , cross beams 2 , longitudinal beams 3 and stop plates 5 . The side beams 1 are two in number, arranged in parallel, and extending along a first direction, which is a longitudinal direction, ie, a horizontal direction that is the same as the running direction of the rail vehicle. The middle of each side beam 1 is provided with a beam mounting hole, the beam mounting hole is a through hole, and its center line extends along a second direction, and the second direction is the transverse direction, that is, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the running direction of the rail vehicle.

The beam 2 extends in the transverse direction, and two ends of the beam 2 pass through the side beam mounting holes on the two side beams 1 respectively, and relative displacement can be generated between the beam 2 and the side beam 1 in the transverse direction. The length of the cross member 2 is greater than the distance between the outer surfaces of the two side members 1 . The longitudinal beams 3 and the stop plates 5 are located on both sides of the side beam 1 respectively, and are fixed on the beam 2 to limit the relative displacement between the beam 2 and the side beam 1 within a preset range.

Instead of the fixed connection between the beam and the side beam in the traditional solution, the beam 2 and the side beam 1 in this embodiment can move relative to each other in the lateral direction. The longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5 are used to limit the amount of lateral movement within a preset range.

The number of wheel pairs 4 is two, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the side beam 1 . The wheelset 4 includes an axle and two wheels symmetrically arranged on the axle.

The top of the traction device 7 is connected to the vehicle body, and the bottom of the traction device 7 cooperates with the beam 2 to transmit traction or braking force between the beam 2 and the vehicle body.

The secondary suspension device is located above the longitudinal beam, the side beam and the stop plate and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal beam and the stop plate. The secondary suspension device moves relative to the side beam 1 in synchronization with the cross beam 2 , the longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5 .

A braking device 8 is provided on the frame for inhibiting the rotation of the wheels during braking.

In the process of straight running of the rail vehicle, the vertical force transmission process is: car body-secondary suspension device-longitudinal beam and stop plate-cross beam-side beam-wheelset. The transmission process of longitudinal force is: car body - traction device - beam - side beam - wheelset. The transmission process of lateral force is: vehicle body - traction device - beam, longitudinal beam, stop plate - side beam - wheelset.

In the process of the rail vehicle passing the curve, the side beam 1 follows the wheel along the track, and the vehicle body, the traction device 7, the cross beam 2, the longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5 together produce a certain amount of lateral offset with the side beam 1 , which can meet the requirements of curve passing with small radius of curvature.

In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, two side beams extending in the longitudinal direction and a beam extending in the transverse direction are adopted, and the two ends of the beams pass through the beam mounting holes arranged in the middle of the side beams, so that a transverse beam can be formed between the beams and the side beams. Relatively moving, the longitudinal beam and the stop plate are located on both sides of the side beam and connected to the cross beam. The secondary suspension device is arranged above the longitudinal beam, the stop plate and the side beam and is fixedly connected with the longitudinal beam and the stop plate. The longitudinal beam And the stop plate is used to limit the relative displacement between the beam and the side beam within the preset range, which ensures the safety of operation, and also enables the bogie to meet the requirements of passing curves with a small radius of curvature, and improves the turning performance of the rail vehicle. safety.

The above bogie can be used as a non-power bogie. When the above-mentioned bogie is provided with a driving device, the bogie can be used as a power bogie, for example, the driving device is provided on the frame to drive the wheel set to rotate. This embodiment does not limit the specific arrangement of the driving device, as long as the effect of driving the wheel pair to rotate can be achieved.

The above-mentioned braking device 9 is arranged on the inner side of the side member 1 and on the longitudinal outer side of the wheelset 4 . Alternatively, according to the relative position of the wheelset 4 and the side member 1 , the braking device 9 can also be arranged on the longitudinal inner side of the wheelset 4 , that is, between the wheelset 4 and the cross member 2 .

On the basis of the above technical solutions, this embodiment provides a specific implementation of a bogie: as shown in Figures 1 and 2, two box-shaped side beams 1 are used to be arranged in parallel, and two cross beams 2 are arranged on two Between the middle parts of the side beams 1 , the lateral relative movement between the two beams 2 and the side beams 1 can be generated. A preset distance is left between the two beams 2 .

FIG. 3 is a side view of a side member in a bogie provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the side beam 1 is a box beam with high middle and low middle at both ends, including a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate, which can be welded by steel plates. The middle part of the top plate is concave downward, and the concave area and the two end areas are connected by a curve transition. The height of the bogie provided by this embodiment is lower than that of the traditional bogie, which can lower the center of the vehicle, thereby improving the stability of the vehicle.

Two beam mounting holes 11 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the side beam 1 , and the centerline heights of the two beam mounting holes 11 are the same, and the diameters of the two beam mounting holes 11 are the same.

The two beams 2 are respectively inserted into the beam mounting holes 11 in the two side beams 1. The two beams 2 have the same size and the same height, so that the two beams 2 are symmetrically arranged, which is conducive to the force balance of the bogie. The cross-section of the beam 2 is circular, which can be a solid steel beam or a hollow steel pipe beam, and the beam mounting hole 11 provided on the side beam 1 is a circular hole.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a longitudinal beam 3 extending in the longitudinal direction is used to be fixedly connected between the two beams 2 to connect the two beams 2 into an integrated structure. The two beams 2 move relative to the side beams 1 together with the longitudinal beams 3 to avoid uneven relative displacement between the two beams 2 resulting in uneven force and thus affecting the performance of the bogie passing through curves. Specifically, the number of the longitudinal beams 3 is two, which are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the side beams 1 .

The longitudinal beams 3 are arranged over the two transverse beams 2 , and the bottom surface of the longitudinal beams 3 is provided with two circular arc grooves matched with the transverse beams 2 . Specifically, the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam 3 is concave inward to form a circular arc concave surface with a curvature radius consistent with that of the beam 2 , and is fixed to the beam 2 by welding. On the one hand, the longitudinal beams 3 play a role of connecting the two beams 2 as a whole, and on the other hand, they also play a role of supporting and maintaining the relative positions of the two beams 2 .

The stop plate 5 also extends in the longitudinal direction, and is arranged across the two beams 2 to connect the two beams 2 into an integrated structure. The stop plate 5 is moved relative to the side beams 1 together with the two transverse beams 2 and the longitudinal beams 3 . There are two stop plates 5 , which are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the side beam 1 .

The bottom surface of the stop plate 5 is provided with two circular arc grooves which are matched with the beam 2 . Specifically, the bottom surface of the stop plate 5 is recessed inward to form a circular arc recessed surface with a curvature radius consistent with that of the beam 2 , and is fixed to the beam 2 by welding. The stop plate 5 serves to connect the ends of the two beams 2 together on the one hand, and to support and maintain the relative positions of the two beams 2 on the other hand.

The beam 2 may be a structure with a constant diameter, that is, a cylindrical structure. Alternatively, the beam 2 can also be a variable diameter structure, for example, the diameter of the end portion of the beam 2 is smaller than the diameter of the middle portion. Correspondingly, the diameter of the above-mentioned beam installation hole 11 is larger than the diameter of the end of the beam 2, so that the end of the beam 2 can be inserted into the beam installation hole 11, and the middle part of the beam 2 cannot be inserted into the beam installation hole 11, so that the limit is reached. Effect.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the assembly of the side beam and the cross beam in the bogie according to the first embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the beam 2 includes a main beam section 21 and a beam matching section 22 located at both ends of the beam main section 21 . The diameter of the beam main section 21 is larger than the diameter of the beam matching section 22 . The beam matching section 22 passes through the beam mounting hole 11 , and the length of the beam matching section 22 is greater than the length of the beam mounting hole 11 . The longitudinal beam 3 is fixed on the main body section 21 of the beam, and the stop plate 5 is fixed on the end of the matching section 22 of the beam.

In the traditional solution, the secondary suspension device is fixed on the side beam, the top of which is connected to the vehicle body, and is used to buffer the force between the vehicle body and the side beam. In this embodiment, however, the secondary suspension device is connected to the longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5 , and moves relative to the side beam 1 together with the longitudinal beam 3 , the stop plate 5 and the cross beam 2 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the side beam, the cross beam and the second series in the bogie provided in the first embodiment of the application, and FIG. 6 is a top view of the assembly of the side beam, the beam and the second series in the bogie according to the first embodiment of the application. As shown in Figures 1, 4, 5, and 6, specifically, a secondary support plate 61 extending in the horizontal direction is used to be arranged above the longitudinal beam 3, the side beam 1 and the stop plate 5, and is connected with the longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5. The baffles 5 are connected, and the secondary suspension device is arranged on the secondary support plate 61 . In FIG. 6 , in order to clearly illustrate the assembly positions of the longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5 , the secondary suspension device on one side is removed to avoid blocking.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the cross beam and the side beam in the bogie according to the first embodiment of the application moving relatively to the first limit position. The cross beam 2 , the longitudinal beam 3 , the stop plate 5 and the secondary support plate 61 move to the right relative to the side beam 1 . FIG. 7 shows that the cross beam 2 moves to the right relative to the side beam 1 to the first limit position, and the stop plate 5 at the left end of the cross beam 2 restricts the cross beam 2 from continuing to move to the right.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the cross beam and the side beam in the bogie according to the first embodiment of the application moving relatively to the second limit position. The transverse beam 2 , the longitudinal beam 3 , the stop plate 5 and the secondary support plate 61 move leftward relative to the side beam 1 . FIG. 8 shows that the cross beam 2 moves to the left relative to the side beam 1 to the first limit position, and the longitudinal beam 3 located at the right end of the cross beam 2 restricts the cross beam 2 from continuing to move to the left.

With the above solution, the lateral displacement of the beam 2 can reach ±5mm, which can adapt to the turning curve with a small curvature radius of 150m on the premise of satisfying the normal turning driving of the rail vehicle.

Embodiment 2

This embodiment provides another implementation manner of the bogie on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, especially the assembling manner of the wheelset and the frame is described in detail.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the assembly of a frame and a wheelset in a bogie according to Embodiment 2 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , the wheelset 4 provided in this embodiment includes: an axle 41 , two wheels 42 symmetrically arranged on the axle 41 , and bearings 43 sleeved on both ends of the axle 41 . Both end surfaces of the axle 41 are provided with bearing end caps, and the bearing end caps are located outside the bearing 43 . The above bearing end cover can be fixed on the end of the axle 41 by fasteners such as bolts. The above axle 41 realizes relative rotation with the side beam 1 through the bearing 43, and the bearing retaining ring and the bearing end cover are used to limit the bearing 43 laterally.

In addition, the bearing bottom bracket 44 is detachably arranged at the bottom of the side beam 1 , a bearing seat hole is formed between the bearing bottom bracket 44 and the side beam 1 , and the bearing 43 is accommodated in the bearing seat hole.

A specific implementation method: as shown in FIG. 3 , the bottom of the side beam 1 is provided with a wheelset installation groove 12 with an opening facing downward, and correspondingly a lower groove with an upward opening is provided on the bearing bottom bracket 51 , and the wheelset mounting groove 12 is provided. The bearing seat hole is formed by butting with the lower groove. Bolt holes are provided at both ends of the lower groove in the bearing bottom bracket 51 , so as to be connected to the bottom surface of the side beam 1 by bolts.

The buffer pad 45 is sandwiched between the bearing 43 and the side beam 1 , and the buffer pad 45 can buffer the force between the bearing 43 and the side beam 1 to realize the function of the primary suspension device in the traditional bogie. Moreover, the above solution cancels the axle box in the traditional solution, which can simplify the structure and reduce the weight of the bogie, so that the rail vehicle has better maneuverability and acceleration.

The buffer pad 45 can be an arched rubber pad, such as a superior arc rubber pad, and the thickness of the buffer pad 45 can be 5 mm. The buffer pad 45 has certain vertical stiffness and lateral stiffness, which can provide vibration damping function while ensuring sound insulation and electrical insulation, and reduce the comfort index of the rail vehicle.

When preparing the buffer pad 45, a buffer material can be used to make a rectangular plate-like structure. When the buffer pad 45 is installed between the side beam 1 and the bearing 43, an arch is formed under the pressing action of the side beam 1 and the bearing 43. , and cover the upper part of the bearing 43 . Both the wheelset installation groove 12 and the lower groove can be stepped grooves, that is, the lower groove includes a deep groove with a larger middle depth and a shallow groove symmetrically arranged at both ends of the deep groove. During installation, the buffer pad 45 is squeezed. into the deep groove.

The buffer pad 45 is arranged around the outer side of the bearing 43 in the circumferential direction, and the two ends of the buffer pad 45 extend to a height position lower than the axis of the bearing 43, so that the bearing 43 and the side beam 1 will not be in direct contact and avoid the two A rigid force is generated between them.

The wheels 42 are located between the two side members 1 . The bearing 43 may be a rolling bearing 43, such as a self-sealing double row tapered roller bearing or a self-sealing double row cylindrical roller bearing. The inner diameter of the bearing 43 is 150 mm, the outer diameter is 250 mm, and the width is 180 mm.

As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, the top of the side beam 1 is provided with a wear mounting seat 13 for mounting the vehicle body wear device. The vehicle body wear device is in contact with the bottom surface of the vehicle body, so as to avoid the relative movement between the side members and the vehicle body caused by the direct contact between the two to cause wear. One side beam is provided with two wear mounts 13 , which are symmetrically arranged at the longitudinal ends of the top of the side beam 1 .

Embodiment 3

This embodiment provides another implementation manner of the bogie on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, especially the assembling manner of the secondary suspension device and the frame is described in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 1 , 7 and 8 , the secondary suspension device provided in this embodiment includes: a secondary support plate 61 , a spring assembly 62 and a spring fixing assembly 63 . The secondary support plate 61 extends in the horizontal direction, is located above the longitudinal beam 3 , the side beam 1 and the stop plate 5 , and is fixed on the longitudinal beam 3 and the stop plate 5 . The bottom surface of the secondary support plate 61 is slidably fitted with the top surface of the side beam 1 , so that the secondary support plate 61 and the longitudinal beam 3 move in the lateral direction relative to the side beam 1 .

The number of the spring assemblies 62 is plural, and they are arranged on the top surface of the secondary support plate 61 . The elastic deformation direction of the spring assembly 62 extends in the vertical direction, and the vertical force between the vehicle body and the frame is buffered by the stretching and compression of the spring assembly 62 in the vertical direction.

The number of the spring fixing components 63 is the same as that of the spring components 62 , and one spring fixing component 63 is correspondingly disposed on the top of each spring component 62 . The spring fixing assembly 63 is used to limit the displacement of the spring assembly 62 in the horizontal direction.

This embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of the spring fixing assembly 63 : FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the spring fixing assembly in the secondary suspension device provided in the third embodiment of the application. As shown in FIGS. 7 , 8 and 10 , the spring fixing assembly 63 includes: a pressing plate 631 and a positioning pin 632 . Wherein, the positioning pin 632 is inserted into the interior of the spring assembly 62 in the vertical direction. The pressing plate 631 is pressed on the top of the spring assembly 62 and connected to the top of the positioning pin 632, and the pressing plate 631 is also connected with the vehicle body. Then, the pressing plate 631 and the positioning pin 632 limit the displacement of the spring assembly 62 in the horizontal direction, and also limit the deflection of the center line of the spring assembly 62 . The pressing plate 631 and the positioning pin 632 can be connected together by fasteners such as screws.

This embodiment provides a spring assembly 62, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, comprising: an outer coil spring 621 and an inner coil spring 622 with opposite helical directions, the two are coaxially arranged, and the outer coil spring 621 is sleeved on the inner coil spring 622's exterior. The positioning pin 632 is inserted into the inner coil spring 622 , and the diameter of the pressing plate 631 matches the outer diameter of the outer coil spring 621 , so that the pressing plate 631 can apply a vertical force to the outer coil spring 621 and the inner coil spring 622 at the same time.

The above-mentioned outer coil spring 621 and inner coil spring 622 may be steel springs. Since the spring assembly 62 adopts a double-layered spring, the outer coil spring 621 and the inner coil spring 622 can provide elastic force at the same time. Therefore, the secondary suspension device 6 using the above-mentioned spring assembly 62 can improve the spring rate on the premise of making full use of the space. The elastic force of the component 62 improves the bearing capacity and vibration damping capacity of the secondary suspension device 6 .

Of course, the spring assembly 62 can also be a rubber spring, an air spring, etc., and a space for inserting the positioning pin 632 is reserved in the middle.

Further, a spring protection sleeve 64 is used to support and limit the spring assembly 62 . Specifically, the spring protection sleeve 64 has a cylindrical structure and is fixed on the upper surface of the secondary support plate 61 . The number of the spring protection sleeves 64 is the same as that of the spring assemblies 62 , and one spring assembly 62 is correspondingly disposed in one spring protection sleeve 64 . The spring protection sleeve 64 is used to keep the spring assembly 62 in an upright position at all times, preventing it from tipping over.

In addition, the rubber stack spring 65 is arranged in the area surrounded by the spring protection sleeve 64 and is located below the positioning pin 632 . When the spring assembly 62 is subjected to the first ballast exerted by the vehicle body, the bottom end of the positioning pin 632 is not in contact with the rubber stack spring 65, and there is a preset distance therebetween. The first ballast may be the case where the rail vehicle is empty or with a small load. When the spring assembly 62 is subjected to the ballast applied by the vehicle body and gradually increases from the first ballast to the second ballast, the positioning pin 632 moves downward to come into contact with the rubber spring 65 . When the spring assembly 62 receives the ballast applied by the vehicle body gradually increases from the second ballast to the third ballast, the positioning pin 632 continues to move downward and exerts a ballast force on the rubber spring 65 . The rubber stack spring 65 plays a buffering role to avoid the direct rigid contact between the positioning pin 632 and the second-series support plate 61 to generate large vibration and abnormal noise.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the secondary suspension device provided in the third embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 11 , the above-mentioned rubber spring 65 can be a hat-shaped structure with a buffer seat 651 protruding outward at the top center position and a positioning groove 652 concave inward at the bottom center position. The buffer seat 651 is disposed opposite to the positioning pin 632 for limiting and buffering the positioning pin 632. The top of the secondary support plate 61 is provided with positioning protrusions 611 that correspond to the positioning grooves 652 one-to-one and form-fit. The positioning protrusions 611 are inserted into the positioning grooves 652 for positioning the rubber spring 65 . Since the buffer seat 651 on the top of the rubber spring 65 is opposite to the positioning pin 632, and there is a gap between the buffer seat 651 and the positioning pin 632, when the secondary suspension device 6 is compressed by gravity, the buffer seat 651 can The positioning pin 632 is used for limiting and buffering, further protecting the spring assembly 62 and preventing the spring assembly 62 from being damaged due to excessive pressure. At the same time, a positioning groove 652 is provided at the bottom of the rubber stack spring 65, and the positioning protrusion 611 on the top of the secondary support plate 61 is inserted into the positioning groove 652 of the rubber stack spring 65. The positioning groove 652 and the positioning protrusion 611 realizes the positioning of the rubber stack spring 65, so as to limit the rubber stack spring 65 on the secondary support plate 61 to prevent the rubber stack spring 65 from being displaced under the pressure of the spring assembly 62, so that the rubber stack spring 65 always works in the second position. between the support plate 61 and the spring assembly 62 .

The thickness of the stacking springs 65 can be set as required, and in the vertical direction, a plurality of stacking springs 65 can also be arranged to be stacked together.

Further, a guide structure can be provided between the secondary suspension device and the side beam 1 to guide the relative movement between the two, so that the two can only move relative to each other in the lateral direction. For example, a protruding first sliding rail extending in the lateral direction is provided on the bottom surface of the secondary support plate 61 . Correspondingly, a first chute extending in the lateral direction is arranged on the top surface of the middle part of the side beam 1. The first sliding rail can be accommodated in the first sliding groove. The relative sliding between the side beams 1 is guided, and the sliding direction can only be lateral.

Alternatively, a material such as grease can also be coated between the secondary suspension device and the side member 1 to avoid rigid friction between the two.

The number of the above-mentioned spring assemblies 62 is three, of which one group of the spring assemblies 62 is arranged on the inner side, and the other two groups of the spring assemblies 62 are arranged on the outer side and are sequentially arranged in the longitudinal direction. The central connecting lines of the three groups of spring assemblies 62 are equilateral triangles.

Correspondingly, the length of the outer side of the secondary support plate 61 is greater than the length of the inner side, the inner side is fixed to the top of the longitudinal beam, and the outer side is fixed to the top of the stop plate. In this embodiment, the secondary support plate 61 is approximately a triangular plate with an arc-shaped apex, preferably an equilateral triangular plate with an arc-shaped apex.

The three spring assemblies 62 adopting the above-mentioned layout can uniformly bear the force and improve the effect of buffering and damping.

Embodiment 4

This embodiment provides another implementation manner of the bogie on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, especially the assembling manner of the traction device and the frame is described in detail.

12 is a schematic structural diagram of the traction device provided on the cross beam provided in the fourth embodiment of the application, FIG. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the cross beam provided in the fourth embodiment of the application with a longitudinal limit seat and a horizontal limit seat, and FIG. 14 is FIG. 15 is a bottom perspective view of the traction device provided in the fourth embodiment of the application, and FIG. 16 is a bottom schematic view of the traction device provided on the beam according to the embodiment of the application.

As shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 16 , the traction device 7 provided in this embodiment is a box-shaped structure, one end of which is open, and the open end is bridged over the two beams 2 downward.

This embodiment provides a specific implementation of the traction device 7 : the traction device 7 includes: an upper end plate 71 , two longitudinal baffles 72 and two transverse baffles 73 . The upper end plate 71 extends in the horizontal direction, and two rows of bolt holes 711 are provided on the upper end plate 71 for connecting with the vehicle body through bolts.

The two longitudinal baffles 72 and the two lateral baffles 73 extend in the vertical direction and are connected to the bottom surface of the upper end plate 71 . The two longitudinal baffles 72 are arranged opposite to each other, the two transverse baffles 73 are arranged opposite to each other, and the longitudinal baffles 72 are perpendicular to the transverse baffles 73 . The upper end plate 71, the two longitudinal baffles 72 and the two transverse baffles 73 form a box-shaped structure.

The two longitudinal baffles 72 are parallel to the beam 2 and are respectively located at the longitudinal outer sides of the corresponding side beams 2 . The longitudinal forces generated between the longitudinal baffles 72 and the cross member 2 are used to transmit traction or braking forces.

Further, the inner surface of the longitudinal baffle plate 72 is provided with a crash pad 74, and the crash pad 74 can be made of a material having a certain buffer capacity and wear resistance. The anti-collision pad 74 is in contact with the beam 2, and is used for buffering the longitudinal force between the traction device and the beam, so as to avoid a rigid collision between the two.

The two transverse baffles 73 are perpendicular to the beam 2, and the bottom end of the transverse baffle 73 is provided with two arc grooves 731, the radius of the arc groove 731 is the same as that of the beam 2, and the center of the arc groove 731 is located in the beam 2. in the vertical plane of the axis. When the load of the vehicle body is small, there is a certain gap between the bottom surface of the lateral baffle 73 and the beam 2. When the load of the vehicle body is large, the traction device 7 moves downward so that the bottom surface of the lateral baffle 73 is close to the beam 2 or is in contact with the beam 2. 2 contacts.

Further, the traction device 7 also includes: a longitudinal rib 75 and a transverse rib 76 . The longitudinal ribs 75 are parallel to the longitudinal baffles 72 , are vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the upper end plate 71 , and are located between the two longitudinal baffles 72 , preferably in the middle of the two longitudinal baffles 72 . The transverse rib plate 76 is parallel to the transverse baffle plate 73 , and is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the upper end plate 71 , and is located between the two transverse baffle plates 73 , preferably between the two transverse baffle plates 73 . The bottom of the transverse rib 76 is also provided with circular arc grooves whose shape and size are matched with the transverse beams.

In addition, the traction device 7 further includes a reinforcing rib 77 . The reinforcing rib plate 77 is a triangular plate, perpendicular to the longitudinal baffle plate 72 , its right-angled side is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper end plate 71 , and the other right-angled side is fixed to the outer surface of the longitudinal baffle plate 72 .

Further, a longitudinal limit seat 78 and a lateral limit seat 79 are provided on the beam 2 , which are respectively used for the longitudinal limit and the lateral limit of the traction device 7 . Wherein, the number of the longitudinal limiting seats 78 is two, which are respectively disposed on the two beams 2 and located on the longitudinal outer sides of the corresponding beams. The longitudinal stop 78 is in contact with the longitudinal baffles 72 in the traction device and transmits longitudinal forces. The number of the lateral limit seats 79 is two, which are arranged on the beam 2 and are respectively located on the lateral sides of the traction device 7 . The lateral limit seat 79 is used to limit the lateral displacement between the traction device and the beam 2 .

An implementation manner: the longitudinal limiting seat 78 includes: a longitudinal fixing plate 781 and a longitudinal limiting plate 782 . The longitudinal fixing plates 781 are fixed on the longitudinal outer side of the beam 2 , and the number of the longitudinal fixing plates 781 is at least two, which are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction; The longitudinal limiting plate 782 is connected to the longitudinal outer end of each longitudinal fixing plate 781 , and the longitudinal limiting plate 782 is parallel to the beam 2 .

The lateral limiting seat 79 includes: a lateral fixing frame 791 and a lateral limiting block 792 . The lateral fixing frame 791 is vertically fixed between the two beams 2 , and the lateral limiting block 792 is arranged on the surface of the lateral fixing frame 791 facing the traction device 7 . The lateral limit block 792 can be a rubber block, used to limit the lateral displacement between the traction device 7 and the lateral beam 2 and buffer the rigid force between the traction device 7 and the beam 2

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "first", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the purpose of It is convenient to describe the application and to simplify the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless expressly and specifically defined otherwise.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms such as "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense; taking connection as an example, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or two Connectivity within an element or interaction between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

While a few alternative embodiments of the present application have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include alternative embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (28)

A rail vehicle is characterized in that it comprises: a car body and a bogie arranged under the car body, the bogie comprising: a frame, a wheel set arranged under the frame, a traction device and a braking device arranged on the frame and a secondary suspension device; the frame includes: Two side beams arranged in parallel, the side beams extend along the first direction; the middle part of the side beams is provided with a beam mounting hole, the beam mounting hole is a through hole, and the center line of the beam mounting hole extends along the second direction, The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The beam extends along the second direction, the two ends of the beam pass through the beam mounting holes on the two side beams respectively, and relative displacement can be generated between the beam and the side beams along the second direction; the length of the beam is greater than the outer surface of the two side beams the distance between; Longitudinal beams, located on the inner side of the side beams, are fixed to the cross beams; The stop plate is located on the outer side of the side beam and is fixed on the beam; the lateral distance between the stop plate and the longitudinal beam is greater than the lateral width of the side beam; the secondary suspension device is located on the longitudinal beam, the side beam and the stopper Above the plate and fixedly connected with the longitudinal beam and the stop plate. The rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the bogie further comprises: a driving device, the driving device is arranged on the frame, and is used for driving the wheel set to rotate. The rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the number of the beams is two, and a preset distance is left between the two beams; The number of beam mounting holes is two, which are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the side beams; one beam is correspondingly inserted into one beam mounting hole. The rail vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the longitudinal beam extends along the first direction and is fixedly connected with the two transverse beams; The stop plate extends along the first direction and is fixedly connected with the two beams. The rail vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, the longitudinal beams are arranged above the two transverse beams, and the bottom surface of the longitudinal beams is provided with two arc grooves matched with the transverse beams. The rail vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, the stop plate is arranged over the ends of the two beams, and the longitudinal length of the stop plate is greater than the distance between the outer sides of the two beams; the stop plate There are two arc grooves matching with the beam on the bottom surface. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 3-6, wherein the beam comprises: a main body section of the beam and matching sections of the beam located at both ends of the main section of the beam, wherein the diameter of the main body section of the beam is larger than the diameter of the matching section of the beam diameter; the cross-beam fitting section passes through the cross-beam mounting hole, and the length of the cross-beam fitting section is greater than the length of the cross-beam mounting hole; the longitudinal beam is fixed on the main section of the cross-beam, and the stop plate is fixed at the end of the cross-beam fitting section. The rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the wheelset comprises: an axle, two wheels symmetrically arranged on the axle, and bearings sleeved on both ends of the axle; The axle is rotatably connected to the side beam through bearings at both ends. The rail vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the bogie further comprises: a bearing bottom bracket and a buffer pad; The bearing bottom bracket is detachably arranged at the bottom of the side beam, and a bearing seat hole is formed between the bearing bottom bracket and the side beam, and the bearing is accommodated in the bearing seat hole; the buffer pad is sandwiched between between the bearing and the side member. The rail vehicle according to claim 9, wherein both ends of the side beams are provided with wheelset installation grooves with openings facing downwards, and the bearing bottom brackets are provided with lower grooves with openings facing upwards; The mounting groove and the lower groove are butted to form the bearing seat hole. The rail vehicle according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the buffer pad is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the bearing, and both ends of the buffer pad extend to a height position lower than the axis of the bearing. The rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the secondary suspension device comprises: The secondary support plate is located above the longitudinal beam, the side beam and the stop plate, and is connected to the longitudinal beam and the stop plate; A plurality of spring assemblies are arranged on the top surface of the secondary support plate; the elastic deformation direction of the spring assemblies extends vertically; The number of a plurality of spring fixing components is the same as the number of the spring components, and one spring fixing component is correspondingly arranged on the top of one spring component to limit the displacement of the spring component in the horizontal direction. The rail vehicle of claim 12, wherein the spring retaining assembly comprises: The positioning pin is inserted into the interior of the spring assembly vertically; The pressing plate is pressed on the top of the spring assembly and connected with the top of the positioning pin; the pressing plate is also used for connecting with the vehicle body. The rail vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the spring assembly comprises: an outer coil spring and an inner coil spring with opposite helical directions, the outer coil spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the inner coil spring; the A positioning pin is inserted inside the inner coil spring. The rail vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the top surface of the secondary support plate is provided with spring protection sleeves; the number of the spring protection sleeves is the same as that of the spring assemblies, and one spring assembly is correspondingly arranged in one Inside the spring protection sleeve, the spring protection sleeve is used to keep the spring assembly in an upright state all the time. The rail vehicle according to claim 15, wherein the secondary suspension device further comprises: a rubber stack spring, which is arranged in the spring protection sleeve and located below the positioning pin; When the spring assembly bears the first ballast, there is a preset distance between the bottom end of the positioning pin and the rubber stack spring; When the spring assembly bears the second ballast, the positioning pin moves down to contact with the rubber stack spring; the second ballast is greater than the first ballast; When the spring assembly bears the third ballast, the positioning pin exerts a ballast force on the rubber stack spring; the third ballast is greater than the second ballast. The rail vehicle according to claim 16, wherein the rubber stack spring is a hat-shaped structure, the top center position of the rubber stack spring has a buffer seat that protrudes outward, and the bottom center position of the rubber stack spring has an inwardly protruding buffer seat. Concave positioning groove; The buffer seat is arranged opposite to the positioning pin, and is used for limiting and buffering the positioning pin; The top of the secondary support plate is provided with positioning protrusions that correspond to the positioning grooves one-to-one and form-fit, and the positioning protrusions are inserted into the positioning grooves for positioning the rubber spring. . The rail vehicle according to claim 12, 13 or 14, wherein the number of the spring assemblies is three, wherein one spring assembly is arranged on the inner side, and the other two sets of spring assemblies are arranged on the outer side and sequentially along the first direction Arrangement; the center line of the three spring assemblies is an equilateral triangle. The rail vehicle according to claim 18, wherein the length of the outer side of the secondary support plate is greater than the length of the inner side, the inner side is fixed to the top of the longitudinal beam, and the outer side is fixed to the top of the stop plate. The rail vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the traction device is a box-shaped structure with an opening facing downward, and is bridged on two beams. The rail vehicle according to claim 20, wherein the traction device comprises: an upper end plate, two longitudinal baffles and two transverse baffles vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the upper end plate, and the two longitudinal baffles are oppositely arranged , the two transverse baffles are arranged oppositely; the upper end plate, the two longitudinal baffles and the two transverse lower baffles form a box-shaped structure; the two longitudinal baffles are located on the longitudinal outer sides of the corresponding side beams, and the The bottom end extends down below the centerline of the beam. The rail vehicle according to claim 21, wherein the bottom end of the transverse baffle is provided with two arc grooves with the same radius as the beam, and the center of the arc groove is located in the vertical plane where the axis of the beam is located . The rail vehicle according to claim 21, wherein the traction device further comprises: a crash pad; the crash pad is arranged on the inner side of the longitudinal baffle. The rail vehicle of claim 21, wherein the traction device further comprises: longitudinal ribs, vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the upper end plate, parallel to the longitudinal baffles and located between the two longitudinal baffles; The transverse rib is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the upper end plate, is parallel to the transverse baffle and is located between the two transverse baffles. The rail vehicle according to any one of claims 20-24, wherein the bogie further comprises: longitudinal limit seat; the number of the longitudinal limit seat is two, which are respectively arranged on the two beams and located on the longitudinal outer side of the corresponding beam; A lateral limit seat; the number of the lateral limit seat is two, which are respectively arranged on the beam and located on the lateral sides of the traction device. The rail vehicle according to claim 25, wherein the longitudinal limit seat comprises: The longitudinal fixing plates are fixed on the longitudinal outer side of the beam; the number of longitudinal fixing plates is at least two, and they are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction; each longitudinal fixing plate is perpendicular to the beam; The longitudinal limit plate is connected to the longitudinal outer end of each longitudinal fixing plate. The rail vehicle according to claim 25, wherein the lateral limit seat comprises: Horizontal fixing frame, fixed between two beams; The lateral limit block is arranged on the surface of the lateral fixing frame facing the traction device. The rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the braking device is arranged on the inner side of the side member and on the longitudinal outer side of the wheelset

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