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WO2022012398A1 - Chauffe-eau en aluminium-silicium coulé en série de tôles de chaudière uniques, accouplé à une chambre de combustion à refroidissement par eau et à pré-mélange - Google Patents

Chauffe-eau en aluminium-silicium coulé en série de tôles de chaudière uniques, accouplé à une chambre de combustion à refroidissement par eau et à pré-mélange Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022012398A1
WO2022012398A1 PCT/CN2021/105092 CN2021105092W WO2022012398A1 WO 2022012398 A1 WO2022012398 A1 WO 2022012398A1 CN 2021105092 W CN2021105092 W CN 2021105092W WO 2022012398 A1 WO2022012398 A1 WO 2022012398A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
ribs
rib
area
pot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/105092
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵钦新
焦健
邵怀爽
王云刚
梁志远
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to EP21843100.5A priority Critical patent/EP4075075B1/fr
Publication of WO2022012398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022012398A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/30—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections
    • F24H1/32—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of thermal energy engineering, and particularly relates to a single-pot slice series-connected cast aluminum-silicon water heater coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion.
  • the technical field of boiler equipment used to improve production efficiency, reduce costs, save energy and protect the environment, and improve product quality and reliability.
  • the current commercial condensing gas heating furnaces are mostly cast aluminum silicon condensing heating furnaces, which have the advantages of high thermal conductivity, easy installation and maintenance, relatively flexible design, and good corrosion resistance.
  • the furnace occupies a larger share.
  • the vast majority of cast aluminum-silicon condensing heating furnaces on the market now use a modular combined structure of one front boiler, several middle boilers and one rear boiler.
  • the front boiler piece is connected to the burner head
  • the rear boiler piece closes the flow of flue gas and supports the tail of the combustion head
  • the middle boiler piece of the same structure is serially connected in series between the front boiler piece and the rear boiler piece.
  • the difference in non-critical details can be reduced to 1/3 of the original casting mold by using one single pot sheet to simultaneously complete the functions of the above three pot sheets of different structures, thereby effectively reducing production costs, improving production efficiency and reducing waste. It is also beneficial to increase the product series and significantly improve product quality and reliability.
  • the burner head is composed of a water-cooled tube bundle with a high heat transfer coefficient. After premixing, it is ejected through the slit between the water-cooled tube bundles and then ignited and burned.
  • the water-cooled tube bundles quickly take away the high temperature generated by the premixed flame at the root of the flame, effectively reducing the temperature of the combustion zone and further suppressing the generation of thermal NOx.
  • the "cold wall effect" of the water-cooled tube bundle plays the role of flameout protection, which can effectively reduce the risk of tempering of the combustion head.
  • the invention combines the water-cooled combustion head and the axisymmetric heat exchange.
  • the boiler pieces are organically combined to provide a single boiler piece series cast aluminum-silicon water heater coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion.
  • the pin-fin part of the rear boiler is arranged with a lined heat insulation cover 7; the top and bottom ends of the front boiler are provided with a water-side header sealing end cover 8, and the center of the rear boiler is arranged with a refractory heat insulation lined rear cover Plate 12, the bottom and top ends of the rear boiler pieces are respectively provided with a water-side inlet header 13 and a water-side outlet header 14 for realizing water circulation; Sand plug 11; at the bottom end of the main structure, a special-shaped smoke box 9 is arranged;
  • the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 includes an annular water-cooled channel 101, and the surface of the annular water-cooled channel 101 is provided with an anti-tempering rib 102 and a flame stabilization column 103 in a centrally symmetrical form;
  • the outside of the combustion chamber, the convection area and the condensation area are regularly arranged with circular pin ribs 104 and waist pin ribs 106; the bases 108 on both sides of the bottom of the axisymmetric single pot sheet 1 are used to connect with the special-shaped smoke box 9; gas and air are mixed
  • the gas enters the cylindrical equalizing orifice plate 3 from the connecting elbow 6, flows through the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 after equalizing, and is uniformly ejected along the annular gaps of the adjacent axially symmetric single boiler pieces 1, and then ignites.
  • the anti-tempering ribs 102 have a corn kernel cross-sectional structure. After being arranged along the circumference, the distance between two adjacent anti-tempering ribs 102 is equal everywhere in the radial direction, and the spacing is 1-10 mm.
  • the height of the anti-tempering ribs 102 is 6 ⁇ 30mm, the specific value should ensure that the average speed of gas ejection when the mixture passes through the gap is 2 ⁇ 3m/s; Flame, the height of the flame stabilizing rib 103 is consistent with the anti-tempering rib 102; the circumferential base rib 113 is arranged around the wall of the combustion chamber in the radiation area, and 4 to 8 hole seats with threaded holes are evenly arranged on the circumferential base rib 113 111 , the front and rear pot pieces in the axially symmetric single pot piece 1 are respectively connected to the front cover plate 5 and the rear cover plate 12 through the hole seat 111 .
  • the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1 is arranged along the flue gas flow direction, and the arrangement of the circular pin ribs 104 and the waist circular pin ribs 106 is different; the circular pin ribs 104 in the radiation area and the circular pin ribs in the convection area are different
  • the specific height is relatively low, and the diameter and vertical and horizontal intercepts are relatively large; as the flue gas temperature and radiation amount decrease along the flue gas flow direction, the height of the circular pin rib 104 gradually increases, and in the convection area where the flue gas temperature is lower than 500°C It is arranged in a closely staggered equilateral triangle, and the shortest distance between the ribs is 3 to 4 mm; in terms of height, the circular needle ribs 104 are of equal height, or a uniform row or two rows are used as a group of height staggered design, and The height difference is not greater than 1/3 of the average height; in the condensation area where the flue gas temperature is lower than 65 °C, circular pin rib
  • the short diameter is the same as the diameter of the circular pin rib 104 in the condensation area, and the parallel channels between the ribs can provide enough heat exchange area for the condensation of flue gas to ensure the continuous progress of the condensation process; the width of the entire condensation area gradually decreases along the flow direction of the flue gas. Small, so that the entire periphery of the lower half of the axially symmetrical single pot sheet 1 is in the shape of " ⁇ ".
  • each two transverse ribs 116 is 40-120 mm, and from bottom to top, the longitudinal distance between adjacent transverse ribs 116 decreases layer by layer;
  • the corresponding water channel space turns upward along the serpentine bend to the bottom end of the radiation area;
  • the transverse rib 116 in the upper part of the convection area has an inclination angle of 0-10° with the horizontal direction, and a steam release hole 114 is processed at the end;
  • axisymmetric single pot There are two kinds of water channel structures corresponding to the radiation area of sheet 1: one water channel structure is composed of the annular water cooling channel 101 in the center of the furnace in the radiation area and the lateral water channels 112 on the outside of the annular base rib 113, that is, on both sides of the furnace.
  • the bottom end of the radiating area is split, rising in parallel along the annular water cooling channel 101 and the side water channel 112, and finally merges and flows out at the water channel outlet header interface 110; in another water channel structure, the outer water channel 112 of the annular base rib 113 is surrounded by The dividing rib 118 is divided into an ascending water channel 119 and a descending water channel 120, so the entire water channel structure is composed of the annular water cooling channel 101, the ascending water channel 119 and the descending water channel 120. Under this structure, the water flow is not divided at the bottom of the radiation area, but is The left and right flow to the two sides of the furnace and turn 90 degrees into the rising water channel 119.
  • the axisymmetric single pot sheet 1 adopts an integral casting process, and selects ZL101, ZL102, ZL104 or AlSi10Mg grades to cast aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloys. Self-cleaning and corrosion resistance make the side wall surface of the flue gas more resistant to corrosion, improve heat and mass transfer performance, improve surface finish, and prevent dust accumulation;
  • the cover plate 7 is made of stainless steel and is integrally stamped and formed;
  • the special-shaped smoke The box 9 is made of plastic, such as PTFE, PVC, PP or ABS, and is structurally composed of a dew receiving tray 901 and a smoke exhaust outlet 902.
  • the dew receiving tray 901 is a special-shaped polyhedron, and its partial cross-sectional area is along the length direction, width The direction and height direction are gradually reduced to ensure that there is a lowest point on the structure.
  • the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 and the axially symmetric single boiler plate 1 adopt a split structure
  • the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 is assembled by a plurality of water-cooled annular cavities 15 , independent inlet and outlet headers 16 and front-end flanges 17 .
  • the distance between the two symmetrical anti-tempering columns 202 is equal everywhere in the radial direction, and the distance is 1-10 mm; the height of the anti-tempering column 202 is 6-30 mm, and the specific value should ensure that the gas ejection of the mixture when passing through the gap is average.
  • the speed is 2-3 m/s; the combustion stabilization column 203 is located outside the anti-backfire column 202 and is staggered with the anti-backfire column 202 to stabilize the flame.
  • the cross-sectional shape is circular, oval, oval or waist-shaped, and the header header 204 is divided into a water inlet pipe 205 and a water outlet pipe 206 by the middle rib; the working fluid of the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 flows from the water inlet pipe After 205 enters, it is distributed to each annular water-cooling space 201, and is collected in the water outlet pipeline 206 after heat exchange in the circumferential direction to complete the independent water circulation;
  • the opening position of the arc-shaped flow equalizing orifice plate 18 is facing the gap of the anti-tempering column 202, and the shape of the opening is a circle, a waist circle, an ellipse, or an oval; at this time, the mixture of gas and air is fully mixed.
  • the diameter is the same as the diameter of the circular pin fins 1905 in the condensation area.
  • the parallel channels between the ribs can provide enough heat exchange area for the condensation of flue gas to ensure the continuous progress of the condensation process; the width of the entire condensation area gradually decreases along the flow direction of the flue gas. , so that the periphery of the lower half of the entire axially symmetric pot piece 19 is in the shape of " ⁇ " as a whole.
  • the inner hollow cavity of the axisymmetric pot sheet 19 is a water channel space.
  • the water channel space is divided by longitudinal ribs 1916 in the vertical direction and a plurality of transverse ribs 1917 in the horizontal direction.
  • the longitudinal ribs 1916 divide the entire water channel space along the The left and right are divided into two, and the distance between each two transverse ribs 1917 is 40-120 mm, and from bottom to top, the distance between adjacent transverse ribs 1917 decreases layer by layer.
  • the water channel space corresponding to the gas condensation area and the convection area turns upward along the serpentine curve to the bottom end of the radiation area, and then splits at the bottom end of the radiation area.
  • the header interface 1911 merges and flows out; the transverse rib 1917 on the upper part of the convection area has an inclination angle of 0-10° with the horizontal direction, and a steam release hole 1915 is processed at the end.
  • a single boiler piece coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion is connected in series to cast aluminum silicon water heater. Its main structure is formed by 2 to 12 symmetrical single boiler pieces 31, which are sealed in order on the front and rear surfaces and connected in series with bolts according to capacity requirements; There are isobaric air silo distributors 32 installed on both sides of the top of the single pot sheet 31; heat blocking baffles 33 are arranged on the front and rear pot sheet pin-fin parts of the symmetrical single pot sheet 31; in addition, the top and bottom ends of the front pot sheet are provided with There is a header cover 34, and the bottom and top ends of the rear boiler pieces are respectively provided with a water inlet main pipeline 37-1 and a water outlet main pipeline 37-2 for realizing water circulation; on the left and right sides of the main structure, there are ash cleaning cover plates. 35 and a sealing plug 36; at the bottom end of the main structure, a smoke exhaust box 34 is provided;
  • the outer front and rear sides of the symmetrical single pot piece 31 can be divided into a radiation area, a convection area and a condensation area in turn from top to bottom; the gas and air are uniformly and fully mixed from the premixer and then divided into the furnace located in the symmetrical single pot piece 31.
  • the isobaric silo distributors 32 on both sides of the top after equalizing the flow, uniformly ejected and ignited and burned along the gaps of each symmetrical single pot sheet 31; under this structure, the water channels 3101 on both sides of the top of the furnace are used as water-cooled combustion heads, on which are provided with anti-corrosion nozzles.
  • Tempering fins 3102 and flame stabilizing ribs 3103; circular ribs 3104 and waist round ribs 3106 are regularly arranged outside the combustion chamber of the radiation zone, convection zone and condensation zone;
  • the smoke exhaust box 34 is connected; the radiation area of the furnace becomes the radiation space of the flame, and the high-temperature flue gas fills the radiation area of the furnace and then washes down the pin-fin heating surface of the convection area and the condensation area, and is formed from 2 to 12 symmetrical single pot sheets 31.
  • the bottom end of the main structure flows into the smoke exhaust box 34, and the flue gas is collected and discharged upwards;
  • the mixed air is ignited and burned after passing through the anti-tempering fins 3102 and the flame stabilizing ribs 3103; wherein, the anti-tempering fins 3102 have a rectangular or oval cross-sectional structure, and the distance between the adjacent anti-tempering fins 3102 is 1-10 mm.
  • the height is 6-30mm, and the specific value should ensure that the average speed of gas ejection when the mixture passes through the gap is 2-3m/s;
  • the staggered arrangement is used to stabilize the flame, and the height is consistent with the anti-tempering fins 3102; a plurality of support holes 3111 with bolt holes are arranged on both sides of the top of the symmetrical single pot sheet 31, which are used to connect with the isobaric silo distributor 32. connected.
  • each two straight ribs 3115 is 40-120mm, and with the increase of the overall height, the section height decreases layer by layer, and it is ensured that the section height around the radiation area is about the largest About 1/2 of the section height, the central rib 3114 and the straight rib 3115 form a left and right symmetrical serpentine water channel 3112; the straight rib 3115 in the upper part of the convection zone has an inclination angle of 0-10°, and its end is processed with steam discharge holes 3113 Under this structure, after the system return water enters each symmetrical single pot piece 31, it turns and rises along the left and right symmetrical serpentine water channels 3112, and finally turns to the water channels 3101 on both sides of the top of the furnace until it converges at the top outlet 3110 and flows out. .
  • the heat exchange structure acts as the combustion head of the fully premixed water-cooled burner, which integrates the burner and the cast aluminum-silicon body heat exchanger. There is a heat exchanger in the burner and a burner in the heat exchanger.
  • the structure of the main part of the present invention is symmetrical. Based on a set of symmetrical molds, the traditional cast aluminum-silicon condensing heating furnace requires front, middle and rear heating plates to form a complete furnace design, and is optimized to only need one general mold to complete, which not only simplifies the production process, but also At the same time, it can effectively control the casting cost
  • the present invention adopts the design of the left and right split water channels, so the heat exchange unit is wider, and the maximum capacity of the condensing boiler can be increased by about 30% compared with the traditional design.
  • the working medium does not drop during the entire flow, which ensures that the molding sand can be poured out and the flow distribution is uniform, and at the same time, the deterioration of heat transfer caused by supercooled boiling is eliminated, and the non-heating period needs to be long.
  • the corrosion problem caused by the time dry protection and the cold working medium is difficult to eliminate.
  • the header is built in instead of an external water tank, which further streamlines the assembly process, reduces the workload of sealing, improves production efficiency, and makes the condensing boiler overall more compact.
  • the present invention adopts the double " ⁇ " character outlet design that locally tapers and extends the mainstream area on the flue gas convection heating surface, which improves the heat exchange intensity per unit area and effectively reduces the heat exchange area while ensuring the uniform change of the flow rate. Redundancy, thereby reducing the weight and cost of condensing boilers.
  • the flue gas side adopts uniform staggered fins in one to three rows, and in the second half of the convection heating surface (condensation heat exchange area)
  • the parallel channels between the ribs can provide sufficient and continuous condensation space for the flue gas, so that the condensate can be more easily discharged under the carrying of the mainstream flue gas, thereby improving the overall heat and mass transfer performance.
  • Figure 2b is a front view of the axially symmetric single pot sheet of the present invention.
  • Figure 2c is a right side view of the axisymmetric single pot slice of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2d is a full cross-sectional view of the axially symmetric single pot sheet of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4a is an isometric view of the downstream waist circular pin-fin structure in the axisymmetric single-pot condensing heat exchange zone.
  • Fig. 4b is a front view of the axially symmetric single-pot condensing heat exchange area with a circular pin-fin structure with a downstream waist.
  • Figure 5a is a front view of the front cover.
  • Figure 5b is a rear view of the front cover.
  • Figure 6a is a front view of the rear cover.
  • Figure 6b is a rear view of the rear cover
  • Figure 7a is a front view of a special-shaped smoke box.
  • Figure 7b is a right side view of the special-shaped smoke box.
  • Figure 8a is an axonometric view of a water-cooled combustion head assembled from a water-cooled annular cavity.
  • Figure 8b is a front view of a water-cooled combustion head assembled from a water-cooled annular cavity.
  • Figure 8c is an A-A sectional view of a water-cooled combustion head assembled from a water-cooled annular cavity
  • Figure 9a is a front view of the water-cooled annular cavity
  • Figure 9b is a right side view of the water-cooled annular cavity.
  • FIG. 9c is a schematic diagram of the water flow of the water-cooled annular cavity based on the cross-sectional view A-A.
  • Figure 10a is an axonometric view of the annular water-cooled annular combustion head of the present invention.
  • Figure 10b is a front view of the annular water-cooled annular combustion head of the present invention.
  • Figure 10c is a left side view of the annular water-cooled annular combustion head of the present invention.
  • Figure 10d is an A-A sectional view of the annular water-cooled annular combustion head of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10e is a B-B cross-sectional view of the annular water-cooled annular combustion head of the present invention reflecting the water flow process.
  • Fig. 11a is an isometric view of a single boiler-piece series-connected cast aluminum-silicon water heater coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 11b is a front view of a single boiler-piece series-connected cast aluminum-silicon water heater coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 12a is a front view of the axisymmetric pot slice of the present invention.
  • Figure 12b is a left side view of the axisymmetric pot slice of the present invention.
  • Figure 12c is a cross-sectional view of the axially symmetric pot piece of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the water cooling channel of the axisymmetric pot piece.
  • Figure 14a is a front view of the front end cover.
  • Figure 14b is a rear view of the front end cover.
  • Figure 15a is a front view of the rear end cover.
  • Figure 15b is a rear view of the rear end cover
  • Fig. 16a is an axonometric view of a single-pot, series-connected cast aluminum-silicon water heater with coupled premixed water-cooled combustion assembled by a symmetrical single-pot and an isobaric silo distributor in the present invention.
  • Figure 16b is a front view of the above-mentioned series-connected cast aluminum-silicon water heater
  • Figure 17a is a front view of a symmetrical single pot sheet.
  • Figure 17b is a right side view of a symmetrical single pot slice.
  • Figure 17c is a full cross-sectional view of a symmetrical single pot sheet.
  • the X-axis is the first direction
  • the Y-axis is the second direction
  • the front and rear in this text refer to the front and rear along the first direction.
  • the main structure of the cast aluminum-silicon water heater is connected in series. According to its capacity requirements, the main structure is composed of 2 to 12 axially symmetric single-pot slices 1.
  • the front and rear faces are sealed in sequence and then connected in series with bolts 4;
  • a front cover plate 5 is arranged in the center of the furnace of the front boiler plate.
  • the inside of the front cover plate 5 is connected with a cylindrical flow equalizing orifice 3, which is arranged on the annular inner wall surface of the annular water-cooled combustion head 2.
  • the flow-equalizing orifice plate 3 passes through the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 of each axisymmetric single boiler piece 1, and the front cover plate 5 is connected to the premixer through a connecting elbow 6 outwards.
  • the first single boiler piece along the first direction is: The front pot sheet, the last single pot sheet along the first direction is the rear pot sheet, and the pin-fin parts of the front pot sheet and the rear pot sheet in the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1 are arranged with lined heat insulation cover plates 7;
  • the top and bottom ends of the boiler are provided with a water-side header sealing end cover 8, the center of the rear boiler piece is arranged with a refractory and heat-insulating lined rear cover plate 12, and the bottom end of the rear boiler piece is provided with a water-side inlet header 13,
  • the top of the rear boiler is provided with a water-side outlet header 14, and the water-side inlet header 13 and the water-side outlet header 14 can cooperate to realize water circulation; on both sides of the main structure along the second direction are det
  • the front and rear sides of the axisymmetric single pot sheet 1 are divided into a radiation area, a convection area and a condensation area in turn from top to bottom.
  • the center of the combustion chamber in the radiation area is arranged in the center
  • There is an annular water-cooled combustion head 2 and the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 and the symmetrical single pot sheet 1 are integrated or separated.
  • the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 includes an annular water-cooled channel 101, and the surface of the annular water-cooled channel 101 is provided with anti-reflection ribs 102 and the flame stabilization column 103, the anti-tempering ribs 102 and the flame stabilization column 103 are arranged symmetrically in the center; the outer side of the combustion chamber in the radiation area, the convection area and the condensation area of the axisymmetric single pot sheet 1 are arranged with circular pin ribs 104 and waist circular pin ribs 106; the bases 108 located on both sides of the bottom of the axisymmetric single pot sheet 1 are connected to the special-shaped smoke box 9; the gas and air mixture enters the cylindrical equalizing orifice 3 from the connecting elbow 6, and flows through the annular water cooling after equalizing
  • the combustion head 2 is uniformly ejected along the gaps of the adjacent axially symmetrical single boiler sheets 1 and then ignited, and burns at an axial interval along the annular cylindrical surface; the high-temperature flue gas fills
  • the return water enters from the water channel inlet header interface 109 at the bottom end of the single boiler piece 1 and flows out from the water channel outlet header interface 110 located at the top of the single boiler piece 1 .
  • Pairs of bolt connection holes 105, ash cleaning ports 107 and sand discharge ports 117 are arranged on both sides of the axis-symmetric single pot sheet 1; The front and rear faces of the sheet 1 are aligned and connected in series; the opening of the ash cleaning port 107 ensures that it can be cleaned to 1/3 to 1/2 of the convection area, so as to avoid unsealing the sealed furnace body when cleaning is required in the heating season, and cleaning
  • the ash port 107 is assembled with the detachable ash cleaning baffle 10; the sand discharge port 117 is directly opposite to the transverse rib 116 in position, and the sand discharge port 117 penetrates directly into the water channel in depth, and is assembled with the sand discharge plug 11 .
  • the anti-tempering ribs 102 have a corn kernel cross-sectional structure and are arranged along the circumference.
  • the distance between two adjacent anti-tempering ribs 102 is equal to the radial direction, and the distance is 1-10 mm.
  • the height of the anti-tempering rib 102 is 6 to 30 mm, and the specific value should ensure that the average speed of gas ejection when the gas and air mixture passes through the gap is 2 to 3 m/s;
  • the outer side is staggered with the anti-tempering ribs 102 to stabilize the flame.
  • the height of the flame-stabilizing ribs 103 is the same as the height of the anti-tempering ribs 102;
  • Four to eight hole seats 111 with threaded holes are evenly arranged, and the front and rear pot pieces in the axially symmetric single pot piece 1 are respectively connected to the front cover plate 5 and the rear cover plate 12 through the hole seats 111 .
  • the inner hollow cavity of the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1 is a water channel space, and the water channel space is divided as a whole by longitudinal ribs 115 along the vertical direction and a plurality of transverse ribs 116 along the horizontal direction.
  • the longitudinal ribs 115 divide the entire The water channel space is divided into two parts along the left and right sides, and the distance between each adjacent two transverse ribs 116 is 40-120 mm, and from bottom to top, the longitudinal distance between adjacent transverse ribs 116 decreases layer by layer;
  • the water channel space corresponding to the convection area turns upward along the serpentine curve until the bottom end of the radiation area;
  • the transverse rib 116 in the upper part of the convection area has an inclination angle of 0-10° relative to the horizontal direction, and the end of the transverse rib 116 is processed to release steam Hole 114;
  • the water channel structure corresponding to the radiation area of the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1 is composed of the annular water cooling channel 101 in the center of the furnace in the radiation area and the outer side of the annular base rib 113, that is, the side water channels 112 on both sides of the furnace.
  • the diversion of the water flow at the bottom of the radiation area rises in parallel along the annul
  • the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1 is arranged along the flue gas flow direction, and the arrangement of the circular needle ribs 104 and the waist circular needle ribs 106 are different;
  • the height is lower than the height of the circular pin rib in the convection area, and the diameter and transverse and longitudinal intercept of the circular pin rib 104 in the radiation area are larger than those in the convection area;
  • the temperature and the amount of radiation decrease along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the height of the circular pin ribs 104 gradually increases.
  • the shape of the circular pin ribs 104 is: Regular triangle, the shortest distance between the adjacent circular pin ribs 104 is 3-4mm; in terms of height, the circular pin ribs 104 are of the same height, or a uniform row or two rows are used as a group of height staggered design , and the height difference is not greater than 1/3 of the average height; in the condensation area where the flue gas temperature is lower than 65 °C, circular pin rib 104 and waist pin rib 106 whose long diameter is consistent with the flue gas flow direction are used.
  • the short diameter of 106 is the same as the diameter of the circular pin rib 104 in the condensation area, and the parallel channels between the ribs can provide sufficient heat exchange area for the condensation of flue gas to ensure the continuous process of condensation.
  • the overall structure of the front cover 5 and the rear cover 12 is similar, made by a set of molds, and the molding method adopts casting or stamping; the front cover 5 and The rear cover plate 12 is of a disc-like structure.
  • the peripheral boundary of the front cover plate 5 is provided with a circumferential opening 501.
  • the circumferential opening 501 is used to connect with the annular base rib 113 of the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1;
  • the inner side of 5 is arranged with four centripetal support ribs 504, and the support ribs 504 are used to support the cylindrical equalizing orifice plate 3;
  • the method of processing the front cover plate 5 from the rear cover plate 12 is specifically: After the cover plate 12 , the center of the rear cover plate 12 is opened to insert the cylindrical equalizing orifice plate 3 .
  • a threaded hole 502 is added at the outer end surface of the front cover plate 5 , and the outer end surface of the front cover plate 5 is added.
  • Process or add an integrated monitoring system 503 including ignition holes, flame monitoring holes, and pressure monitoring holes.
  • the special-shaped smoke box 9 is made of plastic, such as PTFE, PVC, PP or ABS, etc.
  • the dew plate 901 is a special-shaped polyhedron, and its partial cross-sectional area gradually decreases along the length, width and height directions to ensure that there is a lowest point in the structure.
  • Figures 2d and 2e show another water channel structure in the radiation area of the axially symmetric single pot sheet 1: the outer water channel 112 of the annular base rib 113 is divided into an ascending water channel 119 and a down water channel 120 by the dividing rib 118, so the entire water channel structure is cooled by annular water.
  • the channel 101, the ascending water channel 119 and the descending water channel 120 are formed together. Under this structure, the water flow is not divided at the bottom end of the radiation area, but flows left and right to the sides of the furnace and turns 90 degrees into the ascending water channel 119, and ascends to the outlet of the water channel.
  • Figures 8a, 8b, 8c, 9a, 9b and 9c collectively show the split structure between the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 and the axisymmetric single boiler plate 1:
  • the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 consists of a plurality of water-cooled annular cavities 15, inlet The outlet independent header 16 and the front-end flange 17 are assembled together;
  • the water-cooled annular cavity 15 includes an annular water-cooled channel 1501, an anti-backlash fin 1502 and a flame stabilizing rib 1503;
  • the number of the water-cooled annular cavity 15 is the same as that of the axis-symmetric single pot sheet
  • the number of 1 is the same, the water inlet and outlet holes 1504 are respectively opened on both sides of the annular inner wall surface of the water-cooled annular cavity 15, and the inlet and outlet holes 1504 are assembled with the inlet and outlet independent header 16, so as to realize the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 and the axisymmetric unit.
  • the water circulation inside the split structure between the boiler pieces 1 is independent; the front end of the water-cooled annular cavity 15 matched with the front boiler piece of the axially symmetric single boiler piece 1 is connected with an end flange 17, and the end flange 17 is used to connect with the boiler.
  • the front cover plate 5 and the connecting elbow 6 are connected together; at the same time, the annular inner wall surface of the water-cooled annular cavity 15 is equipped with two arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifices 18, and the openings of the arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifices 18 are opposite to the adjacent ones.
  • the gap between the anti-tempering fins 1502, the shape of the opening is a circle, a waist circle, an ellipse or an oval, and the edges of the two arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifice plates 18 are located on the upper and lower sides of the inlet and outlet independent headers 16 two sides; at this time, the mixture of gas and air is fully mixed and firstly flows through the arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifice 18, and then passes through the anti-reflection fins 1502 and flame-stabilizing ribs 1503 between the water-cooled annular cavities 15, and finally After evenly spraying, the ignition is fired at intervals along the circumferential gap of the cylindrical surface.
  • Figures 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d and 10e show another split structure between the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 and the axisymmetric cast aluminum-silicon single boiler sheet 1: the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 is cast as a whole, and the annular The water-cooled combustion head 2 includes an annular water-cooled space 201, an anti-backfire column 202, a stable combustion column 203 and a header header 204; wherein, the anti-backfire column 202 and the stable combustion column 203 are all distributed on the surface of the annular water-cooled space 201, and the anti-backfire column 202 The anti-tempering column 203 and the combustion-stabilizing column 203 are arranged symmetrically in the center.
  • the anti-tempering column 202 has a corn kernel cross-sectional structure. After the anti-tempering column 202 is arranged along the circumference, it should be ensured that the distance between the two symmetrical anti-tempering columns 202 is equal in the radial direction, and the spacing is 1 to 10 mm; the height of the anti-tempering column 202 is 6 to 30 mm, and the specific value should ensure that the average speed of gas ejection when the mixture passes through the gap is 2 to 3 m/s; It is arranged alternately with the anti-backfire column 202 to stabilize the flame.
  • the height of the stable combustion column 203 is the same as the height of the anti-backfire column 202; Ribs divide the header pipe 204 into a water inlet pipe 205 and a water outlet pipe 206; after the working fluid water of the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 enters from the water inlet pipe 205, it is distributed to each annular water-cooling space 201, and after heat exchange through circumferential flow At the same time, the inner wall of the annular water-cooled combustion head 2 is equipped with an arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifice 18, and the opening position of the arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifice plate 18 is opposite to the adjacent anti-backlash column 202
  • the shape of the opening is a circle, a waist circle, an ellipse or an oval; at this time, after the gas and air mixture is fully mixed, it firstly flows through the arc-shaped flow-equalizing orifice 18, Then, after passing through the anti-backlash column 202 and the stabilizing combustion column 203 of the annul
  • a single boiler plate coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion is connected in series to cast alumino-silicon water heaters.
  • the main structure of the boiler is sealed by 2 to 12 axisymmetric boiler plates 19 in turn according to the capacity requirements. It is connected in series with bolts; the front-end cover plate 22 is arranged in front of the front boiler of the axially symmetric boiler piece 19, which is connected inwardly with a rectangular equalizing orifice plate 21, and the rectangular equalizing orifice plate 21 is supported on the parallel water-cooled combustion head.
  • the rectangular flow equalizing orifice plate 21 passes through the parallel water-cooled combustion head 20 of each axisymmetric pot piece 19, and the front end cover plate 22 is connected to the premixer through an elbow 23 outwards.
  • the top and bottom ends of the front boiler pieces are provided with inlet and outlet header sealing end covers 25, and the center of the furnace hearth of the rear boiler pieces is arranged with refractory heat insulation
  • the rear end cover plate 29 of the inner lining, the bottom end and the top end of the rear boiler piece are respectively provided with a water inlet main pipe 30-1 and a water outlet main pipe 30-2 for realizing water circulation; Ash baffle 27 and plug 28; a smoke box 26 is provided at the bottom end of the main structure.
  • the front and rear sides of the axisymmetric pot sheet 19 are divided into a radiation area, a convection area and a condensation area in turn from top to bottom.
  • the parallel water-cooled combustion head 20 with the pot pieces 19 as a whole, the parallel water-cooled combustion head 20 includes parallel water-cooling channels 1901 on both sides of the central rectangular section cavity 1904, anti-tempering ribs 1902 and flame-stabilizing fins 1903 arranged on the surface of the parallel water-cooling channel 1901 , the anti-tempering ribs 1902 and the flame-stabilizing fins 1903 are arranged axially symmetrically;
  • the axisymmetric pot pieces 19 are arranged with circular pin fins 1905 and waist circular pin fins 1907 on the outside of the combustion chamber of the radiation area, the convection area and the condensation area;
  • the axisymmetric pot pieces 19 The bases 1909 on both sides of the bottom are connected to the smoke box 26; the gas and air mixture enters the rectangular equalizing orifice plate 21 from the
  • Ignition burns at intervals along the plane; the high-temperature flue gas fills the radiation area around the hearth of the water heater and then washes down the pin-fin heating surfaces of the convection area and the condensation area, and flows into the bottom end of the main structure formed by 2 to 12 axisymmetric pot pieces 19.
  • Smoke box 26 the flue gas is collected and discharged upwards; the interior of the axisymmetric pot piece 19 is a hollow cavity, and the return water enters from the water channel inlet interface 1910 at the bottom end of the axisymmetric pot piece 19, and from the top of the axisymmetric pot piece 19.
  • the water outlet port 1911 flows out.
  • the inner hollow cavity of the axisymmetric pot sheet 19 is a water channel space.
  • the water channel space is divided by longitudinal ribs 1916 in the vertical direction and a plurality of transverse ribs 1917 in the horizontal direction.
  • the longitudinal ribs 1916 divide the entire water channel space along the The left and right are divided into two, the spacing between each two transverse ribs 1917 is 40-120 mm, and the spacing between adjacent transverse ribs 1917 from bottom to top decreases layer by layer, and the periphery of the furnace in the radiation area is the outer water channel 1912; the water flow condenses in the flue gas
  • the water channel space corresponding to the water channel area and the convection area turns upward along the serpentine bend to the bottom end of the radiation area, and then splits at the bottom end of the radiation area.
  • the interface 1911 merges and flows out; the transverse rib 1917 in the upper part of the convection area has an inclination angle of 0-10° with respect to the horizontal direction, and a vent hole 1915 is processed at the
  • the two sides of the axisymmetric pot pieces 19 along the second direction are arranged with pairs of connecting holes 1906, ash cleaning grooves 1908 and sand discharge holes 1918; Aligned and connected in series; the opening of the ash cleaning slot 1908 ensures that it can be cleaned to 1/3 to 1/2 of the convection area, so as to avoid unpacking the sealed furnace body when it is necessary to clean the ash in the heating season.
  • the anti-tempering ribs 1902 and the flame-stabilizing fins 1903 are evenly distributed on the surfaces of the two parallel water-cooling channels 1901 in an axisymmetric manner.
  • the distance between adjacent anti-tempering ribs is 1-10mm, and the height of the anti-tempering ribs is 6-30mm.
  • the specific value should ensure that the average speed of gas ejection when the gas and air mixture passes through the gap is 2-3m/s;
  • the flame fins 1903 are located on the outside of the anti-tempering ribs 1902 and are alternately arranged with the anti-tempering ribs 1902 to stabilize the flame;
  • annular ribs 1913 are arranged around the furnace wall of the combustion chamber in the radiation area, and 4 to 8 screws are evenly arranged on the annular ribs 1913.
  • the hole seat 1914 , the front pot sheet and the rear pot sheet in the axially symmetrical pot sheet 19 are respectively connected to the front cover plate 22 and the rear end cover plate 29 through the screw hole seat 1914 .
  • the front end cover plate 22 and the rear end cover plate 29 are similar in overall structure, made by a set of molds, and the molding method is casting or stamping; the front end cover plate 22 Both the rear end cover plate 29 and the rear end cover plate 29 are disc-like structures, and a circumferential hole 2201 is provided at the outer boundary of the front end cover plate 22.
  • the circumferential hole 2201 is used to connect with the annular rib 1913 of the axisymmetric pot piece 19;
  • a reinforcing rib 2204 is arranged on the inner side of the plate 22, and the reinforcing rib 2204 is used to support the rectangular equalizing orifice 21; After 29, a rectangular hole is opened at the center of the rear end cover 29, and a screw hole 2202 is added at the outer end face of the rear end cover 29, and is positioned on the reinforcing rib 2204, and the outer end face of the rear end cover 29 is added.
  • Surface processing or adding a monitoring system integration seat 2203 including ignition holes, flame monitoring holes, and pressure monitoring holes.
  • a single boiler plate coupled with premixed water-cooled combustion is connected in series to cast alumino-silicon water heater, and its main structure is sealed by 2 to 12 symmetrical single boiler plates 31 in sequence on the front and rear surfaces according to the capacity requirements.
  • the isobaric silo distributor 32 is installed on both sides of the top of the symmetrical single pot sheet 31; the front pot sheet and the rear pot sheet pin-fin part of the symmetrical single pot sheet 31 are arranged with heat-resistant baffles 33 ;
  • the top and bottom ends of the front pot pieces are provided with a header cover 34, and the bottom and top ends of the rear pot pieces are respectively provided with a main water inlet pipe 37-1 and a water outlet main pipe 37-2 for realizing water circulation;
  • the two sides of the structure along the second direction are provided with a dust cleaning cover plate 35 and a sealing plug 36; a smoke exhaust box 34 is provided at the bottom end of the main structure;
  • the front and rear sides of the symmetrical single boiler plate 31 can be divided into a radiation area, a convection area and a condensing area in turn from top to bottom; the gas and air mixture is uniformly and fully mixed from the premixer.
  • the water-cooled combustion head is provided with anti-tempering fins 3102 and flame stabilizing ribs 3103; circular ribs 3104 and waist circular ribs 3106 are arranged on the outside of the combustion chamber in the radiation area, in the convection area and in the condensation area;
  • the base 3108 is connected to the smoke exhaust box 34; the radiation area of the furnace becomes the radiation space of the flame, and the high-temperature flue gas fills the radiation area of the furnace and washes down the pin-fin heating surface of the convection area and the condensation area.
  • the bottom end of the main structure formed by the sheet 31 flows into the smoke exhaust box 34, and the flue gas is collected and discharged upwards;
  • the mixed air is ignited and burned after passing through the anti-tempering fins 3102 and the flame stabilizing ribs 3103; wherein, the cross-sectional structure of the anti-tempering fins 3102 is rectangular or oval, and the distance between the adjacent anti-tempering fins 3102 is 1 ⁇ 10mm, the height of the anti-tempering fins 3102 is 6-30mm, and the specific value should ensure that the average speed of gas ejection when the gas and air mixture passes through the gap is 2-3m/s; The outer side of the sheet 3102 is staggered with the anti-tempering fins 3102 to stabilize the flame.
  • the height of the flame-stabilizing ribs 3103 is the same as the height of the anti-tempering fins 3102; the top of the symmetrical single pot sheet 31 is arranged on both sides of the second direction.
  • the symmetrical single pot sheet 31 is arranged along the flue gas flow direction, the circular ribs 3104 and the waist circular ribs 3106 are arranged in different ways, and the height of the circular ribs 3104 in the radiation area is lower than that of the circular needle ribs in the convection area, The diameter and transverse and longitudinal intercepts of the circular rib 3104 in the radiation area are larger than those of the circular pin rib in the convection area. The height of the 3104 is gradually increased.
  • the circular ribs 3104 are closely arranged in a staggered arrangement, and the circular ribs 3104 are arranged in a regular triangle shape, and the adjacent circular ribs 3104 The shortest distance between them is 3-4mm; in terms of height, the circular ribs are of the same height, or a uniform row or two rows are used as a group of height staggered design, and the height difference should not be greater than 1/3 of the average height; In the condensation zone where the flue gas temperature is lower than 65°C, circular rib 3104 and waist-round rib 3106 whose long diameter is consistent with the flue gas flow direction are used.
  • two sides of the symmetrical single pot sheet 31 are provided with pairs of front and rear connection holes 3105, dust cleaning ports 3107 and casting sand discharge ports 3116;
  • the front and rear faces of 2 to 12 symmetrical single pot pieces 31 are aligned and connected in series; the opening of the dust cleaning port 3107 ensures that 1/3 to 1/2 of the convection area can be cleaned, avoiding the need to clean the dust in the heating season.
  • the sealed furnace body is unsealed, and the ash cleaning port 3107 is assembled with the ash cleaning cover plate 35; the casting sand discharge port 3116 is directly opposite to the straight rib 3115 in position, and penetrates directly into the water channel in depth, and is connected with the The sealing plug 36 is assembled.
  • the central rib 3114 and the straight rib 3115 form a left and right symmetrical serpentine channel 3112; the straight rib 3115 in the upper part of the convection area With an inclination angle of 0 to 10° in the horizontal direction, steam discharge holes 3113 are processed at the end; under this structure, after the system return water enters each symmetrical single boiler plate 31, it turns and rises along the left and right symmetrical serpentine water channels 3112. , and finally turn to the water channels 3101 on both sides of the top of the furnace until they converge at the top outlet 3110 and flow out.

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Abstract

La présente invention divulgue un chauffe-eau en aluminium-silicium coulé en série de tôles de chaudière uniques, accouplé à une chambre de combustion à refroidissement par eau et à pré-mélange. Un corps de chauffe-eau est formé au moyen de la liaison de tôles de chaudière uniques axisymétriques en série, au lieu de trois types différents de tôles de chaudière. La partie supérieure est constituée d'un brûleur à refroidissement par eau, et une zone de rayonnement de chambre de combustion isolée par une plaque de couverture avant et une plaque de couverture arrière ; la partie centrale comprend une zone de convection et une zone de condensation ; et la partie inférieure est une boîte à fumée de forme étrangère. Le brûleur annulaire à refroidissement par eau, formé par deux canaux de refroidissement par eau ascendants parallèles des deux côtés de la partie supérieure d'un foyer, est disposé au centre d'une chambre de combustion à tôles de chaudière uniques en symétrie axiale ; un gaz mixte est pulvérisé à partir de nervures d'empêchement de trempe et de colonnes de stabilisation de flamme disposées sur le brûleur à refroidissement par eau, et le gaz est ensuite allumé et brûlé ; des fumées à haute température frottent successivement les faces chauffées des ailettes de broche de la zone de convection et de la zone de condensation vers le bas à partir d'une zone de rayonnement du foyer ; et la fumée est collectée dans un coude de la boîte à fumée de forme étrangère et évacuée ensuite vers le haut. Un canal d'eau passe à travers une boîte collectrice intégrée au lieu d'être relié extérieurement, la charge de travail d'étanchéité est réduite, l'efficacité de production est améliorée, et le chauffe-eau est plus compact dans son ensemble. La présente invention permet d'obtenir l'intégration d'une combustion à refroidissement par eau et d'un échange de chaleur à refroidissement par eau, de réduire la température d'une zone de combustion, de limiter la production de NOx et de réduire davantage l'oxyde nitrique.
PCT/CN2021/105092 2020-07-16 2021-07-08 Chauffe-eau en aluminium-silicium coulé en série de tôles de chaudière uniques, accouplé à une chambre de combustion à refroidissement par eau et à pré-mélange Ceased WO2022012398A1 (fr)

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CN202010688233.0A CN111829179B (zh) 2020-07-16 2020-07-16 一种耦合预混水冷燃烧的单锅片串接铸铝硅热水炉

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