WO2022096842A1 - Bug and insect spray - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a bug spray for plants comprising a combination of ingredients including; Rosemary essential oil, Eucalyptus essential oil, Peppermint oil, Cinnamon oil, Orange oil, Clove oil eugenol, Garlic leaf agglutinin, Chilli, Neem oil, Diatomaceous earth, Cedar wood, Natural caraway, Fennel, Tea tree oil, Oil of Citronella, Cottonwood and Soybean oil.

Description

BUG AND INSECT SPRAY

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an effective bug spray for treatment on plants using natural ingredients which are combined.

Background

The use of sprays to control bugs, mites, aphids and inspects on plants is widely known and many of them provide a successful way of deterring and / or controlling them.

It is common to use chemicals in such sprays which have a none-natural approach to bug and insect control and it is becoming more prominent for these types of sprays to have a more natural approach for the environment and the safe use of the products following use.

The bug spray ingredients presented herein provide a natural product which is very effective in controlling various types of bugs found on plants and crops.

Summary of the Invention

According to the present invention there is provided a bug spray which has a combination of ingredients which when fully combined together form a formula which is very effective in deterring and treating bugs and insects on plants, using natural ingredients including Rosemary. This is included in the spray formula as the efficacy of rosemary is noted. Rosemary essential oil is included as it was assessed against two spotted spider mite types, wherein the results indicated that pure rosemary oil when diluted caused almost complete mortality of spider mites at concentrations that are not phytotoxic to the host plant. Rosemary oil repels spider mites and can affect oviposition behaviour. Moreover, rosemary oil and rosemary oil-based pesticides are nonpersistent in the environment. Further ingredients include Peppermint oil, where it is found that most insects hate peppermint In fact, the stick bug, for example; uses a milky substance which it can emit from behind its head that fills the air with the scent of peppermint. The bug uses this to fight off predators, as the scent is an unbearable irritant to most insects.

Cinnamon oil and its constituent chemicals kill many insects on contact and continue to act as a repellent for long afterward. It's especially effective against mosquitoes and bugs in their larval form, before they develop hard shells. Bugs won't eat from any food source impregnated with cinnamon oil, which is the primary reason that cinnamon trees evolved it in the first place. This includes human skin, which makes cinnamon oil a delicious-smelling alternative to commercial bug repellents. Further to this, Eucalyptus essential oil can act directly as a natural insect repellent and the study lists numerous pieces of research that demonstrate this property. For example, previous research has found that eucalyptus essential oil can protect plants against rice weevils, pine processionary moths and mushroom flies. The inventors study also lists examples of research which have found that eucalyptus essential oil is toxic to microbes including bacteria and fungi. Eucalyptus essential oil could therefore have a role to play in the protection of crops against mould, mildew and wood rot fungi. In addition, when applied in a vapour form, eucalyptus essential oil has potential to manage weeds, especially as its toxicity appears to be speciesspecific.

A further ingredient of the proposed invention is Orange oil which contains an extract from the peel called d-limonene, which is rated as an insecticide. According noted research, it kills fleas, aphids, mites, fire ants, house crickets, paper wasps and some flies. The active compound is a nerve toxin, which kills insects on contact within minutes. It evaporates quickly and leaves no residue. In the battle against pests more people are looking for an alternative to synthetic pesticides.

Clove Oil Eugenol is effective against insects, Mites, and Fungus and is proven to deliver. In addition to this Eugenol which is derived from of dried clove buds known as Turkish Clove (Syzygium aromaticum Linn) a precious spice native of Indonesia is also effective. Eugenol the active ingredient in clove oil has been widely used in the dental profession to alleviate pain and as a bacteriostatic and antiseptic, and is incorporated into many dental products. Eugenol not only controls insects like ants but also provides a knock out to hard to control pests like mites, ticks and spiders, unlike most synthetic pyrethroids that do not work against most of these pests or have resistance issues. With anti-fungal properties Eugenol is proven to prevent and control some fungal diseases on plants. In comparison to traditional treatment for scabies which is treated with the synthetic insecticide permethrin and with the oral treatment ivermectin, a natural option such as clove is much sought after. At concentrations tested from 1.56% to 25% clove oil Eugenol resulted in a 100% mortality in only 15 minutes in comparison to mites that also died with Permethrin. Those mites that where resistant to Permethrin also died at the same time but required higher concentrations solution of about 6.25% of eugenol clove oil demonstrating that the sensitivity or resistance to synthetic insecticides can cause resistance to natural pesticides. Eugenol was also found most effective as a termiticide to control termites in a study. It was also effective as a fumigant and a feeding deterrent which is great for lawn and ornamental insect pests.

A still further addition to the bug spray ingredient combination is Clove oil which is also active against the yellow fever mosquito Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, Aedes aegypti the mosquito that transmits the Zika virus and the northern house mosquito D. melanogaster

A still further ingredient of the bug spray is the Garlic leaf agglutinin (ASAL) which is toxic to sap-sucking pests like cotton and pea aphids, and some caterpillars. ASAL is a lectin related protein that is highly antinutritional and toxic to some insects such as the rice brown plant hopper, green leaf hopper, chickpea aphid, mustard aphid and other hemipteran insects. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) essential oil had strong insecticidal activity against overwintering pear psyllid adults, Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Pear psyllid suck plant juices and produce honeydew, like aphids. These pests can hinder plant growth and damage terminal buds. In addition, the honeydew can encourage black sooty mould growth on the infested plant. Pear psyllid are also known as 'jumping plant lice’. This garlic oil has been analysed and it was found that the two main compounds, diallyl trisulfide (50%) and diallyl disulphide (25%), showed strong acute toxicity against the overwintering pear psyllid (LC50 values were 0.64 pg and 11.04 pg per insect, respectively). LC50 value is the amount that kills 50% of the insects. In contrast, pyrethrum extract has a LC50 value of 1.47 pg per insect. This means that the main oil in garlic, diallyl trisulfide, is twice as toxic to insects as pyrethrum. The lectins or lectin like compounds (ASAL) in garlic may interfere with different aspects of the insect life cycle. Lectins serve as plant defences against insects, viruses, fungi, bacteria and mites. These garlic compounds are toxic to many insects and can be a strong deterrent to feeding and egg laying behaviour, they bind to and damage sensory receptors, midgut receptor proteins, intracellular proteins and other vital proteins within the insect’s digestive tract. Some studies strongly suggest that the oils and/or vapours in garlic are directly toxic to insects. Garlic kills pests while preserving beneficial insects which is cited when in (2016) it is reported that compared to a chemical pesticide, (Emamectin benzoate), garlic extracts protected cabbages from pest insects while maintaining natural predator populations.

A further ingredient of the bug spray is Chilli wherein Capsaicin, technically a phenyl propanoid, is the ingredient in hot chili peppers that makes them hot. Habanero peppers, which have a high rating on the Scoville scale that measures the hotness of peppers, are a favourite source for obtaining capsaicin. Capsaicin is increasingly being used as an insect repellent for organic growers who wish to avoid treating their plants with artificial chemicals. It will also repel bees and other insects needed for pollination and other purposes. Capsaicin is used both outdoors and indoors to repel aphids, lace bugs, leafhoppers, spider mites, thrips, white flies and other insects. Applying capsaicin on vegetables and fruits is a useful way to prevent insects from laying their eggs; preventing insects from reproducing limits their damage to leaves, fruits and vegetables.

A further ingredient is Neem oil which is made of many components, wherein Azadirachtin is the most active. It reduces insect feeding and acts as a repellent. It also interferes with insect hormone systems, making it harder for insects to grow and lay eggs. Azadirachtin can also repel and reduce the feeding of nematodes. Other components of neem oil kill insects by hindering their ability to feed. However, the exact role of every component is not known.

Further additions include Diatomaceous earth which is not poisonous; it does not have to be eaten in order to be effective. Diatomaceous earth causes insects to dry out and die by absorbing the oils and fats from the cuticle of the insect’s exoskeleton. Its sharp edges are abrasive, speeding up the process. It remains effective as long as it is kept dry and undisturbed.

Cedar wood is also an ingredient of the bug spray as most bugs are extremely sensitive to moisture loss, which is bad news for bugs that come into contact with cedarwood oil. Cedarwood oil is extremely effective at leaching moisture from insects and other bugs, leaving them dried out and eventually dead.

Pheromones are chemicals that many bugs use for navigation, mating, searching for food, as well as to regulate bodily functions. Cedarwood oil disrupts these pheromones which not only disorients the insects but interferes with their fundamental bodily processes like breathing. The disorientation helps repel insects and other bugs, the interference with their bodily mechanisms kills them. Insects in earlier life stages eggs, larvae and pupae are extremely vulnerable, so vulnerable in fact that cedarwood oil can dissolve them on contact. In adult insects, arachnids and other bugs, cedarwood oil helps dissolve their exoskeleton. This allows the essential oil to penetrate their shell, hastening the oil’s pest control effects. Emulsification, or the breakdown of fat particles, is another way that cedarwood oil works to control bugs. Like many organisms, bugs require fat to live. By helping disintegrate this fat into smaller, more fluid parts, cedarwood oil attacks bugs from the inside out As aforementioned, cedarwood oil can interfere with bugs’ capacity to breathe. Unlike mammals, bugs breathe through openings located on the surface of their bodies. When faced with the lethal effects of cedarwood oil, bugs attempt to limit their exposure by closing these openings, which prevents them from breathing. This is another way how cedar oil kills bugs. In other words, the bugs suffocate themselves.

Natural Caraway is a further ingredient because the plant attracts some predatory insects, it can be beneficial to install near certain crops. When planted near Brassicas, for instance, the natural caraway pest control minimizes the presence of caterpillars. Adjacent to plants that suffer from aphid infestations, such as peas and beans, it also has natural repellent properties.

In addition to these the use of Fennel Deters aphids, slugs, snails and spider mites.

Tea tree oil has been long used as a powerful insecticide and repellent. As a contact insecticide, the oil penetrates into the exoskeleton of the bed bug and suffocates it. Other than bed bugs, tea tree oil has been long used as an effective insecticide against a wide spectrum of household pests such as lice, mosquitoes, cockroaches, and ants and is therefore an added ingredient also.

Further ingredients of the bug spray include; Oil of Citronella which repels target pests rather than killing them. It works by masking scents that are attractive to insects. Thus, insects find it difficult to locate their target to feed. Oil of citronella may also work by masking odours attractive to animals. However, no studies could be located.

Cottonwood is also widely used in horticulture oils to help deter pests; it acts very similar to soy bean oil described below.

Further to the ingredients is Soybean oil which has a non-toxic mode of action but works as a pesticide primarily by suffocating small soft-bodied insects and mites. The major target pests for soybean oil are mites, aphids, scales, beetles, caterpillars, and whiteflies. Soybean oil also has some efficacy as a fungicide and fungistat. Its phytotoxic effects make it somewhat effective as an herbicide and plant growth regulator, but it is more commonly applied as an adjuvant with other herbicides where it improves herbicidal activity by increasing penetration and increasing active ingredient persistence.

When all of these ingredients are mixed correctly the end liquid solution gives far better results than any of these single ingredients alone or indeed some of these mixed together as opposed to all of the above mixed together

All of the ingredients used are obtained from all methods and forms available to include raw, fresh, dried and processed including concentrates / distilling, oil refining and all other methods to obtain the correct purity/ratios needed for the manufacturing of the product.

In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description and ingredients list. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways.

Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Further, the purpose of the foregoing abstract is to enable the Patent Office and the public generally, and especially the scientists, engineers and practitioners in the art who are not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology, to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and essence of the technical disclosure of the application. The abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application, which is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved bug spray for plants which has all the advantages of the prior art bug sprays and none of the disadvantages.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a new bug spray for plants which may be easily and efficiently manufactured and marketed.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new and improved bug spray for plants which is of durable and reliable formulation.

An even further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved bug spray for plants which is susceptible of a low cost of manufacture with regard to both materials and labour, and which accordingly is then susceptible of low prices of sale to the consuming public, thereby making such a product available to the buying public.

Still yet another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved bug spray for plants which provides in the ingredients and methods of the prior art some of the advantages thereof, while simultaneously overcoming some of the disadvantages normally associated therewith. These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and detailed descriptive matter in which there is illustrated preferred embodiments of the invention.

Claims

8

Claims

1) A bug spray for plants comprising a combination of ingredients including; Rosemary essential oil, Eucalyptus essential oil, Peppermint oil, Cinnamon oil, Orange oil, Clove oil eugenol, Garlic leaf agglutinin, Chilli, Neem oil, Diatomaceous earth, Cedar wood, Natural caraway, Fennel, Tea tree oil, Oil of Citronella, Cottonwood and Soybean oil.