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WO2021233521A1 - Système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue pour un moteur - Google Patents

Système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue pour un moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233521A1
WO2021233521A1 PCT/EP2020/063838 EP2020063838W WO2021233521A1 WO 2021233521 A1 WO2021233521 A1 WO 2021233521A1 EP 2020063838 W EP2020063838 W EP 2020063838W WO 2021233521 A1 WO2021233521 A1 WO 2021233521A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat energy
waste heat
engine
recovery system
energy recovery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2020/063838
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bengt LASSESSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volvo Truck Corp
Original Assignee
Volvo Truck Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volvo Truck Corp filed Critical Volvo Truck Corp
Priority to PCT/EP2020/063838 priority Critical patent/WO2021233521A1/fr
Publication of WO2021233521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233521A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
    • F01K23/14—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled including at least one combustion engine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a waste heat energy recovery system for an engine, to a vehicle and/or to a method for recovering waste heat energy from an engine.
  • the invention can be applied in heavy-duty vehicles, such as trucks, buses and construction equipment. Although the invention will be described with respect to a heavy-duty truck, the invention is not restricted to this particular vehicle, but may also be used in other vehicles and vessels, such as other types of trucks, buses, construction equipment, and marine vessels.
  • An internal combustion engine produces power for driving e.g. drive wheels of a truck.
  • the ICE also produces heat. It is therefore also known to for example use waste heat from the exhaust gases of the ICE to e.g. produce electricity which in turn may be used to drive other components in the truck, such as a radiator fan.
  • an object of the invention is to provide an improved waste heat energy recovery system for an engine, or at least to provide a useful alternative to known waste heat energy recovery systems.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a waste heat energy recovery system in which waste heat energy from a cooling medium for the engine can be more efficiently re-used.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved vehicle and/or an improved method for recovering waste heat energy from an engine.
  • the object is achieved by a waste heat energy recovery system according to claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by a vehicle according to claim 12.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 13.
  • a waste heat energy recovery system for an engine comprising: an operating medium to be circulated in the waste heat energy recovery system; an evaporator, the evaporator being configured to use waste heat energy from a cooling medium for the engine to evaporate the operating medium from liquid phase to gas phase; a steam powered engine arranged in downstream fluid communication with the evaporator for receiving the operating medium in its gas phase; a condenser arranged in downstream fluid communication with the steam powered engine for receiving the operating medium in its gas phase, the condenser being configured to condense the operating medium into its liquid phase.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system further comprises a fluid pump which is arranged in downstream fluid communication with the condenser and arranged in upstream fluid communication with the evaporator, wherein the fluid pump is configured to pump the operating medium in its liquid phase to the evaporator.
  • waste heat energy in the engine may be more efficiently re-used.
  • low quality heat from the engine may be better utilized for power generation, such as powering a radiator fan of a vehicle.
  • a fluid pump which is configured to pump the operating medium in its liquid phase to the evaporator, less energy may be used for powering the fluid pump, implying improved efficiency.
  • Less energy may for example be required in relation to if a pump was pumping the operating medium in its gas phase. More specifically, no, or almost no, volume difference will be present before and after the fluid pump since the operating medium in its liquid state is incompressible.
  • the operating medium may work at a lower temperature, such as below 250 degrees Celsius (°C). Hence, heat energy at a lower temperature may be efficiently used for power generation.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system may further comprise a cooling medium treatment equipment configured to receive waste heat energy from the engine carried by the cooling medium for the engine.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system may further be configured to transfer an amount of waste heat energy from the cooling medium to the evaporator which is equal to or below a predetermined threshold value.
  • the cooling medium treatment equipment may comprise a power limiter, such as a bypass valve, wherein the amount of waste heat energy transferred from the cooling medium to the evaporator is controlled by means of the power limiter so that the provided amount of waste heat energy is equal to or below the predetermined threshold value. For example, there may be a need to control the amount of energy generated by the steam powered engine.
  • the electric generator may have a maximum power limit.
  • the power limiter of the cooling medium treatment equipment may be used to ensure that the power generated from the steam powered engine is at an appropriate level for a given electric generator.
  • the amount of available waste heat energy in the cooling medium may be limited by an allowed minimum temperature of the cooling medium during operation of the engine.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system may be configured so that the cooling medium’s temperature, after having passed the evaporator and/or the cooling medium treatment equipment, and before entering the engine, is equal to or above the allowed minimum temperature.
  • the cooling medium should not be too cold when entering the engine.
  • the evaporator and/or the above mentioned power limiter may be controlled and/or configured so that the cooling medium’s temperature before entering the engine, is equal to or above the allowed minimum temperature.
  • the cooling medium may be a fluid cooling medium such as a cooling liquid medium.
  • the cooling medium is at least one of engine coolant water and engine lubricant, such as engine oil.
  • the cooling medium treatment equipment may further comprise a radiator for removing auxiliary waste heat energy from the cooling medium after waste heat energy from the cooling medium has been transferred to the evaporator.
  • the radiator may be used to lower the temperature of the cooling medium, such as to the above mentioned allowed minimum temperature.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system may be configured to operate at a temperature level of the operating medium which is 250 °C or less, such as 200 °C or less, for example at a temperature level within the temperature range of 60-200 °C.
  • the system as disclosed herein may preferably be configured for utilizing low quality heat for power generation in an efficient manner.
  • the operating medium may be any kind of operating medium which is suitable for heat transfer by use of phase transitions.
  • the operating medium may be any one of ethanol, pentane, propane, butane, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), DiMethylEther (DME) etc.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system may further comprise an accumulator tank for storing the operating medium in its liquid phase, wherein the accumulator tank is provided in-between and fluidly connects the condenser and the fluid pump.
  • the steam powered engine may be any one of a turbine and a piston engine. Still optionally, the steam powered engine may be arranged to drive at least one of a generator for producing electrical power, a mechanical axle and a fan for a vehicle, such as a radiator fan.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system may further be configured so that the operating medium in its liquid phase passes directly from the fluid pump to the evaporator.
  • the object is achieved by a vehicle comprising the waste heat energy recovery system according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of the invention.
  • the object is achieved by a method for recovering waste heat energy from an engine by use of a waste heat energy recovery system according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.
  • the method comprises:
  • the method may further comprise driving at least one of a generator for producing electrical power, a mechanical axle and a fan for the vehicle, such as a radiator fan, by use of the steam powered engine.
  • a generator for producing electrical power such as a generator for producing electrical power
  • a mechanical axle and a fan for the vehicle such as a radiator fan
  • Fig. 1 shows a vehicle in the form of a truck according to an example embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a waste heat energy recovery system according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another waste heat energy recovery system according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vehicle in the form of a heavy-duty truck 100.
  • the truck comprises an internal combustion engine 10, which here is a diesel engine, a transmission 11, a propulsion shaft 12 which is drivingly connected to driven wheels 13.
  • an internal combustion engine 10 which here is a diesel engine
  • a transmission 11 which is drivingly connected to driven wheels 13.
  • the invention as disclosed herein is not only limited to this type of vehicle, but may be used in any other type of vehicle, such as a bus, construction equipment etc.
  • the invention may also be used in other applications, such as marine vessels.
  • the engine from which waste heat energy is used may be any kind of engine which produces waste heat energy.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 comprises an operating medium (not shown) to be circulated in the waste heat energy recovery system 1.
  • the operating medium may be any kind of operating medium, such as ethanol, pentane, propane, butane, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), DiMethylEther (DME) etc.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 also comprises an evaporator 2, wherein the evaporator 2 is configured to use waste heat energy from a cooling medium for the engine to evaporate the operating medium from liquid phase to gas phase.
  • the used waste heat energy for evaporating the operating medium may for example correspond to a temperature decrease of about 5-15 °C or 5-10 °C of the cooling medium, such as about 8 °C.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 further comprises a steam powered engine 3, which here is a turbine, arranged in downstream fluid communication with the evaporator 2 for receiving the operating medium in its gas phase.
  • the steam powered engine 3 is driven by a pressure difference created in the system 1 during operation and generates power P for e.g. driving an electrical generator (not shown) of the vehicle 100.
  • a condenser 4 is arranged in downstream fluid communication with the steam powered engine 3 for receiving the operating medium in its gas phase.
  • the condenser 4 is configured to condense the operating medium into its liquid phase.
  • the condenser 4 may be configured to use a cooling fluid, such as air, for condensing the operating medium into its liquid phase.
  • the condenser 4 may be cooled by water or by air boosted with water as an aerosol, or in any other suitable way recognized by the person skilled in the art.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 further comprises a fluid pump 5 which is arranged in downstream fluid communication with the condenser 4 and arranged in upstream fluid communication with the evaporator 2, wherein the fluid pump 5 is configured to pump the operating medium in its liquid phase to the evaporator 2.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 is configured so that the operating medium in its liquid phase passes directly from the fluid pump 5 to the evaporator 2. That is, the fluid pump 5 is in direct fluid communication with the evaporator 2, as illustrated in fig. 2. Passing directly from the fluid pump 5 to the evaporator 2 means herein that the operating medium does not pass any other member or element, except for the piping connecting the fluid pump 5 with the evaporator 2.
  • the evaporator 2 as used herein may also be denoted as a boiler.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 may further be configured to operate so that the operating medium is not provided below its dew point after it has passed the steam powered engine 3.
  • the steam powered engine 3 is preferably arranged to drive at least one of a generator for producing electrical power, a mechanical axle and a fan for a vehicle, such as a radiator fan of the truck 100 as shown in fig. 1.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 is preferably configured to operate at a temperature level of the operating medium which is 250 °C or less, such as 200 °C or less, for example at a temperature level within the temperature range of 60-200 °C.
  • low quality heat means thermal energy at low temperature, e.g. at a temperature of 110 °C and below, or 100 °C and below, or 95 °C and below, or 90 °C and below.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of another example embodiment of a waste heat energy recovery system 1, further comprising a cooling medium treatment equipment 6 configured to receive waste heat energy from an engine 10 carried by the cooling medium for the engine 10.
  • the cooling medium treatment equipment 6 is also configured to transfer an amount of waste heat energy from the cooling medium to the evaporator 2 which is equal to or below a predetermined threshold value.
  • the cooling medium treatment equipment 6 comprises a power limiter, in the form of a bypass valve 61.
  • the amount of waste heat energy transferred from the cooling medium to the evaporator 2 is controlled by means of the power limiter 61 so that the provided amount of waste heat energy is equal to or below the predetermined threshold value.
  • the bypass valve 61 can be opened so that cooling medium is also bypassing the evaporator 2.
  • the predetermined threshold value may be fixed or it may be variable, depending on the maximum amount of energy required for the steam powered engine 3. Hence, the steam powered engine 3 may require different amounts of energy at different times during use.
  • the amount of available waste heat energy in the cooling medium is limited by an allowed minimum temperature of the cooling medium during operation of the engine 10.
  • the evaporator 2 and/or the power limiter 61 may be controlled and/or configured so that the cooling medium’s temperature before entering the engine 10 is equal to or above the allowed minimum temperature.
  • the cooling medium is preferably engine coolant water and/or engine lubricant for the engine 10.
  • Engine lubricant may e.g. be engine oil.
  • the cooling medium treatment equipment 6 may further comprise a radiator 62 for removing auxiliary waste heat energy from the cooling medium after waste heat energy from the cooling medium has been transferred to the evaporator 2.
  • the cooling medium’s temperature may be further decreased after it has transferred heat energy to the evaporator 2.
  • the radiator 62 is here arranged in-between the engine 10 and the evaporator 2.
  • the radiator 62 may further be configured and/or controlled so that the cooling medium’s temperature before entering the engine 10, is equal to or above the allowed minimum temperature.
  • the cooling medium is preferably provided from the engine 10 and circulated by use of a cooling medium pump (not shown).
  • the cooling medium e.g. cooling water
  • the cooling medium may for example have a temperature of about 85-95 °C, such as 88 °C, when leaving the engine 10, where for example heat energy corresponding to a temperature decrease of about 8 °C, such as 5-10 °C, is transferred to the operating medium in the evaporator 2.
  • the radiator 62 may further lower the temperature of the cooling medium, such as to about 80 °C, e.g. 75-85 °C.
  • the radiator 62 may for example use ambient air for lowering the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the engine 10. This temperature level of the cooling medium before it enters the engine 10 may in one example embodiment be the allowed minimum temperature as mentioned herein.
  • the waste heat energy recovery system 1 as shown in fig. 3 further comprises an accumulator tank 7 for storing the operating medium in its liquid phase.
  • the accumulator tank 7 is provided in-between and fluidly connects the condenser 4 and the fluid pump 5.
  • the amount of the operating medium which is in gas phase may be varied.
  • the pressure level before the steam powered engine 3 may be varied, implying improved control of the power output P from the steam powered engine 3.
  • the present invention also concerns a method for recovering waste heat energy from an engine 10 by use of a waste heat energy recovery system 1 as shown in e.g. figs. 2 and 3. The method comprises:
  • the method may further comprise driving at least one of a generator (not shown) for producing electrical power, a mechanical axle (not shown) and a fan (not shown) for the vehicle 100, such as a radiator fan, by use of the steam powered engine 3.
  • a generator not shown
  • a mechanical axle not shown
  • a fan not shown
  • the method may further comprise driving at least one of a generator (not shown) for producing electrical power, a mechanical axle (not shown) and a fan (not shown) for the vehicle 100, such as a radiator fan, by use of the steam powered engine 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Est divulgué un système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue (1) destiné à un moteur (10), comprenant : un fluide de travail devant être mis en circulation dans le système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue ; un évaporateur (2), l'évaporateur étant conçu pour utiliser de l'énergie thermique perdue provenant d'un fluide de refroidissement destiné au moteur pour évaporer le fluide de travail d'une phase liquide à une phase gazeuse ; un moteur à vapeur (3) disposé en communication fluidique en aval de l'évaporateur destiné à recevoir le fluide de travail en phase gazeuse ; un condenseur (4) disposé en communication fluidique en aval du moteur à vapeur destiné à recevoir le fluide de travail en phase gazeuse, le condenseur étant conçu pour condenser le fluide de travail en phase liquide ; le système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue comprenant en outre une pompe à fluide (5) qui est disposée en communication fluidique en aval du condenseur et disposée en communication fluidique en amont de l'évaporateur, la pompe à fluide étant conçue pour pomper le fluide de travail en phase liquide vers l'évaporateur. La divulgation concerne en outre un véhicule et un procédé de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue à partir d'un moteur.
PCT/EP2020/063838 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue pour un moteur Ceased WO2021233521A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2020/063838 WO2021233521A1 (fr) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue pour un moteur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2020/063838 WO2021233521A1 (fr) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue pour un moteur

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WO2021233521A1 true WO2021233521A1 (fr) 2021-11-25

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PCT/EP2020/063838 Ceased WO2021233521A1 (fr) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Système de récupération d'énergie thermique perdue pour un moteur

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060225421A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-10-12 Denso Corporation Device for utilizing waste heat from heat engine
US20090211253A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2009-08-27 Utc Power Corporation Organic Rankine Cycle Mechanically and Thermally Coupled to an Engine Driving a Common Load
US20170122254A1 (en) 2014-06-30 2017-05-04 Kerbs Autotech Pty Ltd An internal combustion engine heat energy recovery system
WO2018213080A1 (fr) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-22 Cummins Inc. Systèmes de récupération de chaleur perdue à échangeurs de chaleur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060225421A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-10-12 Denso Corporation Device for utilizing waste heat from heat engine
US20090211253A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2009-08-27 Utc Power Corporation Organic Rankine Cycle Mechanically and Thermally Coupled to an Engine Driving a Common Load
US20170122254A1 (en) 2014-06-30 2017-05-04 Kerbs Autotech Pty Ltd An internal combustion engine heat energy recovery system
WO2018213080A1 (fr) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-22 Cummins Inc. Systèmes de récupération de chaleur perdue à échangeurs de chaleur

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