WO2021210671A1 - 無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/14783—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/001—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Ni
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/1255—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
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- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0233—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from sheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to non-oriented electrical steel sheets and their manufacturing methods.
- the motor core of various motors as described above is composed of a stator which is a stator and a rotor which is a rotor.
- the characteristics required for the stator and rotor that make up the motor core are different from each other, and the stator is required to have excellent magnetic characteristics (low iron loss and high magnetic flux density), especially low iron loss, whereas the rotor is required. Is required to have excellent mechanical properties (high strength).
- the desired characteristics of the stator and the rotor are different, the desired characteristics can be realized by making the non-oriented electrical steel sheet for the stator and the non-oriented electrical steel sheet for the rotor separately.
- preparing two types of non-oriented electrical steel sheets causes a decrease in yield. Therefore, in order to realize low iron loss while achieving high strength required for rotors, non-oriented electrical steel sheets having excellent strength and excellent magnetic characteristics have been conventionally studied.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 attempts have been made to realize excellent magnetic properties and high strength.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-300535
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-186791
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-140676
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-90474
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 are insufficient to reduce iron loss as a stator material. rice field.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present disclosure is to stably obtain a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having high strength and excellent magnetic properties at low cost.
- the gist of this disclosure is the following non-oriented electrical steel sheets and their manufacturing methods.
- the chemical composition of the base material is mass%. C: 0.0010 to 0.0040%, Si: 4.0-5.0%, Mn: 0.20% or less, Al: 0.010% or more and less than 0.050%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.0030% or less, N: 0.0005 to 0.0030%, O: 0.0100-0.0400%, Ca: less than 0.0010%, Ti: less than 0.0050%, Nb: less than 0.0050%, Zr: less than 0.0050%, V: less than 0.0050%, Cu: less than 0.20%, Ni: less than 0.50%, Sn: 0 to 0.05%, Sb: 0 to 0.05%, and the balance: Fe and impurities.
- the O content in the region excluding the position from the surface of the base metal to the position of 10 ⁇ m in the depth direction is less than 0.0050%.
- the average crystal grain size of the base material is 10 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the tensile strength is 650 MPa or more.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
- a hot-rolled plate annealing step of heating at a temperature of 950 ° C. or lower is further provided between the hot rolling step and the cold rolling step.
- non-oriented electrical steel sheets having high strength and excellent magnetic properties can be obtained.
- Si it is effective to utilize Si in order to achieve high strength without containing special alloying elements such as Cu, Ni, Ti, and V as much as possible. Further, in order to improve the magnetic characteristics of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, it is necessary to improve the high frequency iron loss, and the iron loss mainly consists of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. Si also has the effect of increasing the electrical resistance of steel and reducing eddy current loss.
- the numerical range represented by using “-” in the present disclosure means a range including the numerical values before and after “-” as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
- the numerical range when "greater than” or “less than” is added to the numerical values before and after “to” means a range in which these numerical values are not included as the lower limit value or the upper limit value.
- the term "process” is included in this term not only as an independent process but also as long as the intended purpose of the process is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes.
- the upper limit value described in one numerical range is the upper limit value of the numerical range described in another stepwise description, or the lower limit value described in one numerical range. May be replaced with the lower limit of the numerical range described in other steps. Further, in the numerical range described in the present disclosure, the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the examples. In the present disclosure, the combination of preferred embodiments is a more preferred embodiment.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present disclosure has high strength and excellent magnetic properties, and is therefore suitable for both a stator and a rotor. Further, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present disclosure preferably has an insulating film on the surface of the base material described below.
- C 0.0010 to 0.0040%
- C (carbon) is an element that causes iron loss deterioration. If the C content exceeds 0.0040%, iron loss deterioration occurs in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet, and good magnetic characteristics cannot be obtained.
- C is an element effective for increasing the strength of the steel sheet. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.0010 to 0.0040%.
- the C content is preferably 0.0012% or more, and more preferably 0.0015% or more.
- the C content is preferably 0.0035% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less.
- Si 4.0-5.0%
- Si is an element that increases the electrical resistance of steel, reduces eddy current loss, and improves high-frequency iron loss.
- Si is an element effective for increasing the strength of steel sheets because it has a large solid solution strengthening ability.
- the Si content is set to 4.0 to 5.0%.
- the Si content is preferably 4.1% or more, more preferably 4.2% or more.
- the Si content is preferably 4.9% or less, and more preferably 4.8% or less.
- Mn 0.20% or less
- Mn manganese
- Mn manganese
- the Mn content is set to 0.20% or less.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.19% or less, more preferably 0.18% or less.
- it has the effect of suppressing embrittlement during hot rolling due to S inevitably contained in the steel. Therefore, it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.05% or more, and more preferably 0.07% or more.
- Al 0.010% or more and less than 0.050%
- Al (aluminum) is an element effective for forming stable crystal grains by combining with N to form AlN.
- the appropriate content of Al has the effect of finely granulating the structure and increasing the strength of the steel.
- the Al content is 0.010% or more and less than 0.050%.
- the Al content is preferably 0.012% or more, more preferably 0.015% or more.
- the Al content is preferably 0.045% or less, more preferably 0.040% or less, and even more preferably 0.035% or less.
- P 0.030% or less
- P phosphorus
- the P content is preferably 0.025% or less, more preferably 0.020% or less. Since the extreme reduction of the P content may lead to an increase in the manufacturing cost, the P content may be 0.005% or more, 0.008% or more, or 0.010% or more.
- S 0.0030% or less
- S sulfur
- the S content is preferably 0.0025% or less, more preferably 0.0020% or less. Since the extreme reduction of the S content may lead to an increase in the manufacturing cost, the S content may be 0.0001% or more, 0.0003% or more, or 0.0005% or more.
- N 0.0005 to 0.0030%
- nitrogen is an element that combines with Al to form AlN and is effective for the miniaturization of stable crystal grains. On the other hand, if it is contained in a large amount, excess AlN is formed, which causes iron loss deterioration. Therefore, the N content is set to 0.0005 to 0.0030%.
- the N content is preferably 0.007% or more, and more preferably 0.0010% or more.
- the N content is preferably 0.0027% or less, more preferably 0.0025% or less.
- O 0.0100-0.0400%
- O (oxygen) is an element that is inevitably mixed in, and is an element that forms an oxide to increase iron loss and deteriorate the magnetic properties of the steel sheet. Therefore, it is preferable that the O content is low. However, since O forms an oxide layer on the surface layer during decarburization, it is difficult to reduce its content. However, excessive oxidation of the surface layer of the base material also causes deterioration of the magnetic flux density. Therefore, the average content of O in the total thickness of the base metal is 0.0100 to 0.0400%.
- the O content is preferably 0.0350% or less, more preferably 0.0300% or less.
- the formation of an oxide layer on the surface layer of the base material is unavoidable, it is desired to reduce the O content in the region other than the surface layer as much as possible. Specifically, it is necessary to make the O content in the region excluding the position from the surface of the base metal to the position of 10 ⁇ m in the depth direction less than 0.0050%.
- the oxygen in the center of the base metal which is 10 ⁇ m or more from the surface of the base metal, is considered to be oxygen contained in the oxide formed during solidification in the steelmaking process.
- the internal oxidation is about several ⁇ m, and the depth of 10 ⁇ m or more from the surface of the base metal corresponds to the O content at the time of sawing.
- the amount of oxygen is 0.0050% or more, a large amount of oxide of the base material is formed, and the hysteresis loss increases. Therefore, the O content in the region excluding the position from the surface of the base metal to the position of 10 ⁇ m in the depth direction is set to less than 0.0050%.
- the O content in the region excluding the position from the surface of the base metal to the position of 10 ⁇ m in the depth direction is preferably 0.0045% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less.
- the O content in the region excluding the position from the surface of the base metal to the depth of 10 ⁇ m is chemically polished from the front and back surfaces of the base metal to the position of 10 ⁇ m using a mixed aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution. After removal by the method, it can be measured by the Inert gas melting-non-dispersive infrared absorption method.
- Ca less than 0.0010% Ca (calcium) is added as a desulfurizing agent at the steelmaking stage. Then, Ca remaining in the base metal combines with S to form a Ca-based sulfide. Since this sulfide is coarsely precipitated, it has little adverse effect on crystal grain growth and has the effect of coarsening the crystal grains. However, in the present disclosure, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the crystal grain size in order to increase the strength, it is not necessary to add a large amount of Ca, and the cost increases. Therefore, the Ca content is set to less than 0.0010%. The Ca content is preferably 0.0008% or less, more preferably 0.0005% or less. The Ca content may be 0.0001% or more because an extreme reduction in the Ca content may lead to an increase in manufacturing cost.
- Ti Less than 0.0050% Ti (titanium) is an element that is inevitably mixed and can combine with carbon or nitrogen to form a precipitate (carbide or nitride). When carbides or nitrides are formed, these precipitates themselves deteriorate the magnetic properties. Therefore, the Ti content is set to less than 0.0050%.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.0040% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less, and even more preferably 0.0020% or less. Since the extreme reduction of the Ti content may lead to an increase in the manufacturing cost, the Ti content may be 0.0005% or more.
- Nb Less than 0.0050% Nb (niobium) is an element that contributes to high strength by combining with carbon or nitrogen to form precipitates (carbides), but these precipitates themselves have magnetic properties. Deteriorate. Therefore, the Nb content is set to less than 0.0050%.
- the Nb content is preferably 0.0040% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less, and even more preferably 0.0020% or less. The lower the Nb content, the more preferable, and it is preferable that the Nb content is below the measurement limit.
- Zr Less than 0.0050% Zr (zirconium) is an element that contributes to high strength by combining with carbon or nitrogen to form precipitates (carbides, nitrides), but these precipitates themselves are Deteriorates magnetic properties. Therefore, the Zr content is set to less than 0.0050%.
- the Zr content is preferably 0.0040% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less, and even more preferably 0.0020% or less. The lower the Zr content, the more preferable, and it is preferable that the Zr content is below the measurement limit.
- V Less than 0.0050% V (vanadium) is an element that contributes to high strength by combining with carbon or nitrogen to form precipitates (carbides, nitrides), but these precipitates themselves are Deteriorates magnetic properties. Therefore, the V content is set to less than 0.0050%.
- the V content is preferably 0.0040% or less, more preferably 0.0030% or less, and even more preferably 0.0020% or less. The lower the V content, the more preferable, and it is preferable that the V content is below the measurement limit.
- Cu less than 0.20%
- Cu (copper) is an element that is inevitably mixed.
- the intentional addition of Cu increases the manufacturing cost of the steel sheet. Therefore, in the present disclosure, it is not necessary to add positively, and the impurity level may be used.
- the Cu content shall be less than 0.20%, which is the maximum value that can be unavoidably mixed in the manufacturing process.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.15% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- the lower limit of the Cu content is not particularly limited, but an extreme reduction in the Cu content may lead to an increase in manufacturing cost. Therefore, the Cu content may be 0.001% or more, 0.003% or more, or 0.005% or more.
- Ni less than 0.50%
- Ni nickel
- Ni nickel
- Ni nickel
- Ni is an element that is inevitably mixed.
- Ni is also an element that improves the strength of the steel sheet, it may be added intentionally.
- Ni is expensive, its content should be less than 0.50% when it is intentionally added.
- the Ni content is preferably 0.40% or less, more preferably 0.30% or less.
- the lower limit of the Ni content is not particularly limited, but an extreme reduction in the Ni content may lead to an increase in manufacturing cost. Therefore, the Ni content may be 0.001% or more, 0.003% or more, or 0.005% or more.
- Sn 0 to 0.05%
- Sb 0 to 0.05%
- Sn (tin) and Sb (antimony) are elements useful for ensuring low iron loss by segregating on the surface and suppressing oxidation and nitriding during annealing. It also has the effect of segregating at the grain boundaries to improve the texture and increase the magnetic flux density. Therefore, at least one of Sn and Sb may be contained if necessary. However, if the content of these elements is excessive, the toughness of the steel may decrease, making cold rolling difficult. Therefore, the contents of Sn and Sb are set to 0.05% or less, respectively. The contents of Sn and Sb are preferably 0.03% or less, respectively. When the above effect is desired, the content of at least one of Sn and Sb is preferably 0.005% or more, and more preferably 0.01% or more.
- the balance is Fe and impurities.
- impurity is a component mixed with raw materials such as ore and scrap, and various factors in the manufacturing process when steel is industrially manufactured, and is within a range that does not adversely affect the effects of the present disclosure. Means what is acceptable.
- the content of Cr and Mo as impurity elements is not particularly specified.
- the effect of the present disclosure is not particularly affected.
- Mg is contained in the range of 0.002% or less
- the effect of the present disclosure is not particularly affected, and even if the rare earth element (REM) is contained in the range of 0.004% or less, the effect of the present disclosure is obtained.
- REM is a general term for a total of 17 elements of Sc, Y and lanthanoid, and the content of REM refers to the total content of one or more elements of REM.
- elements such as Pb, Bi, As, B, and Se may be included, but if the content of each is in the range of 0.0050% or less, the effect of the present disclosure is impaired. It's not a thing.
- the average crystal grain size of the base material is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of increasing the strength, it is desirable that the crystals in the steel are fine particles. Further, in order to reduce the hysteresis loss, it is preferable to make the crystal grains coarser, and in order to reduce the eddy current loss, it is preferable to make the crystal grains finer.
- the average crystal grain size of the base material is preferably 10 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the average crystal grain size is preferably 12 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 14 ⁇ m or more.
- the average crystal grain size is preferably 70 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 60 ⁇ m or less.
- the average crystal grain size of the base material is determined according to JIS G 0551 (2013) "Steel-Crystal Grain Size Microscopic Test Method".
- the crystal grain size in the entire plate thickness of the base metal is measured by a cutting method at any three points in the rolling direction, and the average value is taken as the average crystal grain size of the base metal.
- excellent magnetic characteristics means that the iron loss W 10/400 is low and the magnetic flux density B 50 is high.
- the above magnetic properties are measured by the Epstein method specified in JIS C 2550-1 (2011). If it is difficult to measure by the Epstein method, such as when the test piece is small, use the Epstein method according to the single plate magnetic property measurement method (Single Sheet Tester: SST) specified in JIS C 2556 (2015). It may be corrected and measured so as to be equivalent to the measured value.
- low iron loss W 10/400 means 35.0 W / kg or less when the plate thickness is 0.26 mm or more, 25.0 W / kg or less when the plate thickness is 0.21 to 0.25 mm, and 0. If it is 20 mm or less, it is 20.0 W / kg or less.
- a high magnetic flux density B 50 means 1.60 T or more regardless of the plate thickness.
- having high strength means that the tensile strength is preferably 650 MPa or more.
- the tensile strength is more preferably 660 MPa or more, further preferably 700 MPa or more.
- the tensile strength is measured by performing a tensile test in accordance with JIS Z 2241 (2011).
- non-oriented electrical steel sheet it is preferable that an insulation film is formed on the surface of the base material. Since non-oriented electrical steel sheets are used after punching out a core blank, they are laminated and used. Therefore, by providing an insulating film on the surface of the base metal, the eddy current between the plates can be reduced and the eddy current loss is reduced as the core. It becomes possible to reduce.
- the type of the insulating coating is not particularly limited, and it is possible to use a known insulating coating used as the insulating coating of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- Examples of such an insulating film include a composite insulating film mainly composed of an inorganic substance and further containing an organic substance.
- the composite insulating coating is mainly composed of, for example, at least one of a chromic acid metal salt, a phosphoric acid metal salt, and an inorganic substance such as colloidal silica, a Zr compound, and a Ti compound, and fine organic resin particles are dispersed. It is an insulating film.
- an insulating film using a metal phosphate, a Zr or Ti coupling agent, or these carbonates or ammonium salts as a starting material is used. It is preferably used.
- the amount of the insulating film adhered is not particularly limited , but is preferably about 200 to 1500 mg / m 2 per side, and more preferably 300 to 1200 mg / m 2 per side.
- the amount of the insulating film adhered is measured after the fact, various known measuring methods can be used. For example, a method of measuring the mass difference before and after immersion in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, or a calibration curve. A fluorescent X-ray method using a linear method or the like may be appropriately used.
- the manufacturing method of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present disclosure will be described.
- the non-directional electromagnetic steel sheet according to the present disclosure has a mass% of C: 0.0020 to 0.0060%, Si: 4.0 to 5.0%, Mn: 0.20% or less, Al: 0.010.
- a hot rolled plate annealing step may be further provided between the hot rolling step and the cold rolling step.
- the insulating film is formed on the surface of the base material, the insulating film is formed after the finish annealing.
- C 0.0020 to 0.0060%
- the C content in the ingot is preferably 0.0020% or more.
- decarburization is performed in the finish annealing step to reduce the C content in the final product.
- the C content in the ingot exceeds 0.0060%, the C content in the final product is reduced. It becomes difficult to control the amount to 0.0040% or less. Therefore, the C content in the ingot is preferably 0.0020 to 0.0060%, more preferably 0.0025 to 0.0050%, and more preferably 0.0030 to 0.0045%. Is even more preferable.
- O Less than 0.0050% O is an element that is inevitably mixed and forms an oxide to increase iron loss and deteriorate the magnetic properties of the steel sheet.
- the O content in the ingot is set to 0. It is preferably less than 0050%.
- ⁇ Hot rolling process> A steel ingot (slab) having the above chemical composition is heated, and the heated steel ingot is hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled plate.
- the heating temperature of the ingot when subjected to hot rolling is not particularly specified, but is preferably 1050 to 1250 ° C., for example.
- the plate thickness of the hot-rolled plate after hot rolling is not particularly specified, but it is preferably about 1.5 to 3.0 mm in consideration of the final plate thickness of the base metal, for example. ..
- hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed as necessary for the purpose of increasing the magnetic flux density of the steel sheet.
- the heat treatment conditions in the hot-rolled sheet annealing are not particularly specified, but for example, it is preferable to heat at a temperature of 950 ° C. or lower.
- the heating time is preferably 1 to 300 s.
- the magnetic characteristics are inferior to those in which the hot-rolled plate annealing step is performed, the above-mentioned hot-rolled plate annealing step may be omitted in order to reduce costs.
- pickling is performed to remove the scale layer formed on the surface of the base metal.
- the pickling conditions such as the concentration of the acid used for pickling, the concentration of the accelerator used for pickling, and the temperature of the pickling solution are not particularly limited, and known pickling conditions may be used. can.
- Cold rolling process After the pickling, cold rolling is performed.
- the pickling plate from which the scale layer has been removed is rolled at a rolling reduction ratio such that the final plate thickness of the base metal is 0.10 to 0.35 mm.
- finish annealing is performed.
- a continuous annealing furnace is used for finish annealing.
- the finish annealing step is an important step for decarburizing and controlling the C content and crystal grain size in the base metal.
- the soaking temperature is more preferably 770 to 1000 ° C, still more preferably 780 to 980 ° C.
- the proportion of H 2 in the atmosphere is more preferably 15-90% by volume.
- a step of forming an insulating film is carried out, if necessary.
- the step of forming the insulating coating is not particularly limited, and the treatment liquid may be applied and dried by a known method using the known insulating coating treatment liquid as described above.
- the surface of the base material on which the insulating film is formed may be subjected to arbitrary pretreatment such as degreasing treatment with alkali or pickling treatment with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc. before applying the treatment liquid.
- the surface may be the surface as it is after finish annealing without performing these pretreatments.
- hot rolling was performed at a finishing temperature of 850 ° C. and a finishing plate thickness of 2.0 mm, and the slab was wound at 650 ° C. to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed by a continuous annealing furnace at 900 ° C. for 50 s, and surface scale was removed by pickling.
- the steel sheet thus obtained was cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 0.25 mm.
- the finishing annealing conditions (dew point, soaking temperature and soaking time) were changed so as to have the chemical composition as shown in Table 2 below. Annealed. Specifically, the dew point was increased when the C content was controlled to be low. When controlling so as not to change the C content, the dew point was lowered. On the other hand, when the average crystal grain size was controlled to be large, the finish annealing temperature was made higher and / or the soaking time was made longer. When the average crystal grain size was controlled to be small, the opposite was true. Then, an insulating film was applied to produce a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, which was used as a test material.
- the above-mentioned insulating coating is coated with an insulating coating made of aluminum phosphate and an acrylic-styrene copolymer resin emulsion having a particle size of 0.2 ⁇ m so as to have a predetermined adhesion amount, and baked in the air at 350 ° C. Formed.
- the average crystal grain size of the base material was measured by the cutting method described above in accordance with JIS G 0551 (2013) “Steel-Crystal Particle Size Microscopic Test Method”.
- the O content in the region excluding the position from the surface of the base metal to the position of 10 ⁇ m in the depth direction was measured by the method described above.
- Epstein test pieces were collected from the rolling direction and width direction of each test material, and the magnetic characteristics (iron loss W 10/400 and magnetic flux density B 50 ) were determined by the Epstein test in accordance with JIS C 2550-1 (2011). evaluated. Further, from each test material, JIS No.
- Test No. that satisfies the provisions of this disclosure.
- the iron loss was 25.0 W / kg or less
- the magnetic flux density was 1.60 T or more
- the tensile strength was 650 MPa or more.
- Test No. having an average crystal grain size of 10 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the results showed an excellent balance between strength and magnetic properties.
- test No. which is a comparative example.
- 1, 8-12, 15, 17, 18, 23 and 24 at least one of the magnetic properties and the strength was inferior, or the toughness was significantly deteriorated, which made the production difficult.
- test No. In No. 1 since the Si content was lower than the specified range, the tensile strength was inferior.
- the test No. In No. 8 the Si content exceeded the specified range, and Test No. In No. 9, since the C content was lower than the specified range, the toughness deteriorated and fracture occurred during cold rolling, and the average crystal grain size, tensile strength and magnetic properties could not be measured.
- Test No. In No. 10 the C content of the ingot was higher than the specified range, and the C content of the base metal of the steel sheet was higher than the specified range, resulting in inferior iron loss.
- Test No. 11 since the Mn content exceeded the specified range, the result was that the magnetic flux density was inferior. Then, the test No. In No. 12, the Al content is lower than the specified range, and in Test No. 15, the Al content is higher than the specified range. Therefore, stable average crystal grain size cannot be controlled and the average crystal grain size is larger than the specified range. The result was inferior. Test No. in which the chemical composition satisfies the regulation. In No. 17, since the dew point was higher than the specified range, the O content of the base material of the steel sheet was higher than the specified range, resulting in inferior magnetic flux density. Test No. In No. 11, since the Mn content exceeded the specified range, the result was that the magnetic flux density was inferior. Then, the test No. In No. 12, the Al content is lower than the specified range, and in Test No. 15, the Al content is higher than the specified range. Therefore, stable average crystal grain size cannot be controlled and the average crystal grain size is larger than the specified range. The result was inferior. Test No. in which the chemical composition satisfies
- non-oriented electrical steel sheets having high strength and excellent magnetic properties can be obtained at low cost.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2:特開2007-186791号公報
特許文献3:特開2012-140676号公報
特許文献4:特開2010-90474号公報
C:0.0010~0.0040%、
Si:4.0~5.0%、
Mn:0.20%以下、
Al:0.010%以上0.050%未満、
P:0.030%以下、
S:0.0030%以下、
N:0.0005~0.0030%、
O:0.0100~0.0400%、
Ca:0.0010%未満、
Ti:0.0050%未満、
Nb:0.0050%未満、
Zr:0.0050%未満、
V:0.0050%未満、
Cu:0.20%未満、
Ni:0.50%未満、
Sn:0~0.05%、
Sb:0~0.05%、並びに
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
前記母材の表面から深さ方向に10μmの位置までを除く領域におけるO含有量が0.0050%未満である、
無方向性電磁鋼板。
上記(1)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
上記(1)または(2)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
上記(1)から(3)までのいずれか1つに記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
質量%で、
C:0.0020~0.0060%、
Si:4.0~5.0%、
Mn:0.20%以下、
Al:0.010%以上0.050%未満、
P:0.030%以下、
S:0.0030%以下、
N:0.0005~0.0030%、
O:0.0050%未満、
Ca:0.0010%未満、
Ti:0.0050%未満、
Nb:0.0050%未満、
Zr:0.0050%未満、
V:0.0050%未満、
Cu:0.20%未満、
Ni:0.50%未満、
Sn:0~0.05%、
Sb:0~0.05%、並びに
残部:Feおよび不純物である化学組成を有する鋼塊に対して、
熱間圧延工程と、冷間圧延工程と、仕上焼鈍工程とを順に施す、
無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
上記(5)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
なお、本開示において「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む範囲を意味する。
「~」の前後に記載される数値に「超」または「未満」が付されている場合の数値範囲は、これら数値を下限値または上限値として含まない範囲を意味する。
「工程」との用語は、独立した工程だけではなく、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の所期の目的が達成されれば、本用語に含まれる。
本開示に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、一つの数値範囲で記載された上限値は他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値に、又は一つの数値範囲で記載された下限値は他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の下限値に置き換えてもよい。
また、本開示に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
本開示において、好ましい態様の組み合わせは、より好ましい態様である。
本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板は、高い強度を有し、かつ優れた磁気特性を有するため、ステータおよびロータの双方に好適である。また、本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板は、以下に説明する母材の表面に絶縁被膜を備えていることが好ましい。
各元素の限定理由は下記のとおりである。なお、以下の説明において含有量についての「%」は、「質量%」を意味する。
C(炭素)は、鉄損劣化を引き起こす元素である。C含有量が0.0040%を超えると、無方向性電磁鋼板において鉄損劣化が生じ、良好な磁気特性を得ることができない。一方、Cは鋼板の高強度化に有効な元素である。したがって、C含有量は0.0010~0.0040%とする。C含有量は0.0012%以上であるのが好ましく、0.0015%以上であるのがより好ましい。C含有量は0.0035%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0030%以下であるのがより好ましい。
Si(ケイ素)は、鋼の電気抵抗を上昇させて渦電流損を低減させ、高周波鉄損を改善する元素である。また、Siは、固溶強化能が大きいため、鋼板の高強度化にも有効な元素である。一方、Si含有量が過剰であると、加工性が著しく劣化し、冷間圧延を実施することが困難となる。したがって、Si含有量は4.0~5.0%とする。Si含有量は4.1%以上であるのが好ましく、4.2%以上であるのがより好ましい。また、Si含有量は4.9%以下であるのが好ましく、4.8%以下であるのがより好ましい。
Mn(マンガン)は、鋼の電気抵抗を上昇させて渦電流損を低減し、高周波鉄損を改善する効果を有するものの、SiおよびAlに比べるとその効果は少ない。一方、Mn含有量の増加に伴い、磁束密度の低下を招く。そのため、Mn含有量は0.20%以下とする。Mn含有量は0.19%以下であるのが好ましく、0.18%以下であるのがより好ましい。ただし、鋼中に不可避的に含有するSによる熱間圧延時の脆化を抑える効果を有する。したがって、0.05%以上含有することが好ましく、0.07%以上含有することがより好ましい。
Al(アルミニウム)は、Nと結合してAlNを形成し、安定した結晶粒の微細化に有効な元素である。適度のAlの含有は、組織を細粒化して鋼の強度を高める効果を有する。一方、0.050%以上含有すると結晶粒の微細化効果が減少する。したがって、Al含有量は0.010%以上0.050%未満とする。Al含有量は0.012%以上であるのが好ましく、0.015%以上であるのがより好ましい。また、Al含有量は0.045%以下であるのが好ましく、0.040%以下であるのがより好ましく、0.035%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。
P(リン)は、不純物として鋼中に含まれ、その含有量が過剰であると、鋼板の靱性が著しく低下する。したがって、P含有量は0.030%以下とする。P含有量は0.025%以下であるのが好ましく、0.020%以下であるのがより好ましい。なお、P含有量の極度の低減は製造コストの増加を招くおそれがあるため、P含有量は0.005%以上でもよく、0.008%以上でもよく、0.010%以上でもよい。
S(硫黄)は、MnSの微細析出物を形成することで鉄損を増加させ、鋼板の磁気特性を劣化させる元素である。したがって、S含有量は0.0030%以下とする。S含有量は0.0025%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0020%以下であるのがより好ましい。なお、S含有量の極度の低減は製造コストの増加を招くおそれがあるため、S含有量は0.0001%以上でもよく、0.0003%以上でもよく、0.0005%以上でもよい。
N(窒素)は、Alと結合してAlNを形成し、安定した結晶粒の微細化に有効な元素である。一方、大量に含有すると過剰なAlNが形成されて鉄損劣化を招く。したがって、N含有量は0.0005~0.0030%とする。N含有量は0.007%以上であるのが好ましく、0.0010%以上であるのがより好ましい。また、N含有量は0.0027%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0025%以下であるのがより好ましい。
O(酸素)は、不可避的に混入する元素であり、酸化物を形成して鉄損を増加させ、鋼板の磁気特性を劣化させる元素である。そのため、O含有量は低い方が好ましい。しかしながら、Oは脱炭の際に表層に酸化層を形成するため、その含有量を低減することは困難である。但し、母材表層の過度の酸化は、磁束密度の劣化も招く。そのため、母材の全厚におけるOの平均含有量は0.0100~0.0400%とする。O含有量は0.0350%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0300%以下であるのがより好ましい。
母材の表面から深さ方向に10μmの位置までを除く領域におけるO含有量は、母材の表裏面から10μmの位置までをフッ化水素酸と過酸化水素水の混合水溶液を用いた化学研磨により除去した後、不活性ガス融解-非分散型赤外線吸収法により測定することができる。
Ca(カルシウム)は、脱硫剤として製鋼段階で添加される。そして母材に残留したCaは、Sと結合しCa系硫化物を形成する。この硫化物は、粗大に析出するために結晶粒成長への悪影響が少なく、結晶粒を粗大化する効果がある。しかし、本開示では、高強度化のために結晶粒径を適度に微細化することが必要であり、多量のCa添加は不要でありコストも上昇する。したがって、Ca含有量は0.0010%未満とする。Ca含有量は0.0008%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0005%以下であるのがより好ましい。なお、Ca含有量の極度の低減は製造コストの増加を招くおそれがあるため、Ca含有量は0.0001%以上でもよい。
Ti(チタン)は、不可避的に混入する元素であり、炭素または窒素と結合して析出物(炭化物または窒化物)を形成しうる。炭化物または窒化物が形成された場合には、これらの析出物そのものが磁気特性を劣化させる。したがって、Ti含有量は0.0050%未満とする。Ti含有量は0.0040%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0030%以下であるのがより好ましく、0.0020%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。なお、Ti含有量の極度の低減は製造コストの増加を招くおそれがあるため、Ti含有量は0.0005%以上でもよい。
Nb(ニオブ)は、炭素または窒素と結合して析出物(炭化物)を形成することで高強度化に寄与する元素であるが、これらの析出物そのものが磁気特性を劣化させる。したがって、Nb含有量は0.0050%未満とする。Nb含有量は0.0040%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0030%以下であるのがより好ましく、0.0020%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。Nb含有量は低ければ低いほど好ましく、測定限界以下であるのが好ましい。
Zr(ジルコニウム)は、炭素または窒素と結合して析出物(炭化物、窒化物)を形成することで高強度化に寄与する元素であるが、これらの析出物そのものが磁気特性を劣化させる。したがって、Zr含有量は0.0050%未満とする。Zr含有量は0.0040%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0030%以下であるのがより好ましく、0.0020%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。Zr含有量は低ければ低いほど好ましく、測定限界以下であるのが好ましい。
V(バナジウム)は、炭素または窒素と結合して析出物(炭化物、窒化物)を形成することで高強度化に寄与する元素であるが、これらの析出物そのものが磁気特性を劣化させる。したがって、V含有量は0.0050%未満とする。V含有量は0.0040%以下であるのが好ましく、0.0030%以下であるのがより好ましく、0.0020%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。V含有量は低ければ低いほど好ましく、測定限界以下であるのが好ましい。
Cu(銅)は、不可避的に混入する元素である。意図的なCuの添加は、鋼板の製造コストを増加させる。したがって、本開示においては積極的に添加する必要はなく、不純物レベルでよい。Cu含有量は、製造工程において不可避的に混入しうる最大値である0.20%未満とする。Cu含有量は0.15%以下であるのが好ましく、0.10%以下であるのがより好ましい。なお、Cu含有量の下限値は、特に限定されるものではないが、Cu含有量の極度の低減は製造コストの増加を招くおそれがある。そのため、Cu含有量は0.001%以上であってもよく、0.003%以上であってもよく、0.005%以上であってもよい。
Ni(ニッケル)は、不可避的に混入する元素である。しかし、Niは、鋼板の強度を向上させる元素でもあるため、意図的に添加してもよい。ただし、Niは高価であるため、意図的に添加する場合は、その含有量を0.50%未満とする。Ni含有量は0.40%以下であるのが好ましく、0.30%以下であるのがより好ましい。なお、Niの含有量の下限値は、特に限定されるものではないが、Ni含有量の極度の低減は製造コストの増加を招くおそれがある。そのため、Ni含有量は0.001%以上であってもよく、0.003%以上であってもよく、0.005%以上であってもよい。
Sb:0~0.05%
Sn(スズ)およびSb(アンチモン)は、表面に偏析し焼鈍中の酸化および窒化を抑制することで、低い鉄損を確保するのに有用な元素である。また、結晶粒界に偏析して集合組織を改善し、磁束密度を高める効果もある。そのため、必要に応じてSnおよびSbの少なくとも一方を含有させてもよい。しかしながら、これらの元素の含有量が過剰であると、鋼の靱性が低下して冷間圧延が困難となる可能性がある。したがって、SnおよびSbの含有量は、それぞれ0.05%以下とする。SnおよびSbの含有量は、それぞれ0.03%以下であるのが好ましい。なお、上記の効果を得たい場合には、SnおよびSbの少なくとも一方の含有量を、0.005%以上とするのが好ましく、0.01%以上とするのがより好ましい。
本開示において、母材の平均結晶粒径については、特に制限はない。ただし、高強度化の観点からは、鋼中の結晶は細粒であることが望ましい。また、ヒステリシス損を低減するためには結晶粒は粗大化させることが好ましく、渦電流損を低減するためには結晶粒は微細化させることが好ましい。
本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板において、磁気特性に優れるとは、鉄損W10/400が低く、磁束密度B50が高いことを意味する。ここで、上記の磁気特性は、JIS C 2550-1(2011)に規定されたエプスタイン法で測定する。なお、試験片が小さい場合など、エプスタイン法による測定が困難である場合は、JIS C 2556(2015)に規定された単板磁気特性測定法(Single Sheet Tester:SST)に則してエプスタイン法の測定値と同等になるように補正して測定してもよい。本開示では、鉄損W10/400が低いとは、板厚0.26mm以上では35.0W/kg以下、板厚0.21~0.25mmでは25.0W/kg以下、板厚0.20mm以下では20.0W/kg以下とする。磁束密度B50が高いとは、板厚にかかわらず、1.60T以上とする。
本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板において、高い強度を有するとは、引張強さが好ましくは650MPa以上であることを意味する。引張強さは660MPa以上であるのがより好ましく、700MPa以上がさらに好ましい。ここで、引張強さは、JIS Z 2241(2011)に準拠した引張試験を行うことで、測定する。
上述のように、本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板においては、母材の表面に絶縁被膜が形成されていることが好ましい。無方向性電磁鋼板は、コアブランクを打ち抜いたのち積層され使用されるため、母材の表面に絶縁被膜を設けることで、板間の渦電流を低減することができ、コアとして渦電流損を低減することが可能となる。
本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法について説明する。本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板は、質量%で、C:0.0020~0.0060%、Si:4.0~5.0%、Mn:0.20%以下、Al:0.010%以上0.050%未満、P:0.030%以下、S:0.0030%以下、N:0.0005~0.0030%、O:0.0050%未満、Ca:0.0010%未満、Ti:0.0050%未満、Nb:0.0050%未満、Zr:0.0050%未満、V:0.0050%未満、Cu:0.20%未満、Ni:0.50%未満、Sn:0~0.05%、Sb:0~0.05%、残部:Feおよび不純物である化学組成を有する鋼塊に対して、熱間圧延工程と冷間圧延工程と仕上焼鈍工程とを順に施すことによって製造することが可能である。熱間圧延工程と冷間圧延工程との間に、熱延板焼鈍工程をさらに備えてもよい。また、絶縁被膜を母材の表面に形成する場合には、上記仕上焼鈍の後に絶縁被膜の形成が行われる。以下、各工程について、詳細に説明する。
鋼塊の化学組成については、CおよびOを除いて鋼板の化学組成と同一であるため、説明を省略する。以下、CおよびOの限定理由について説明する。
Cは、粒界に偏析することで冷間圧延時の脆化割れを抑制する効果を有する。この効果を得るためには、鋼塊中のC含有量が0.0020%以上であることが好ましい。しかしながら、上述のように、最終製品中に過剰なCが含まれていると良好な磁気特性が得られない。本開示では、仕上焼鈍工程において脱炭を行い、最終製品中のC含有量を低減させることとしているが、鋼塊中のC含有量が0.0060%を超えると、最終製品中のC含有量を0.0040%以下に制御するのが難しくなる。そのため、鋼塊中のC含有量は0.0020~0.0060%とすることが好ましく、0.0025~0.0050%とすることがより好ましく、0.0030~0.0045%とすることがさらに好ましい。
Oは、不可避的に混入する元素であり、酸化物を形成して鉄損を増加させ、鋼板の磁気特性を劣化させる元素である。上述のように、最終製品において、母材の表面から深さ方向に10μmの位置までを除く領域におけるO含有量を0.0050%未満にするためには、鋼塊中のO含有量を0.0050%未満とすることが好ましい。
上記の化学組成を有する鋼塊(スラブ)を加熱し、加熱された鋼塊に対して熱間圧延を行い、熱延板を得る。ここで、熱間圧延に供する際の鋼塊の加熱温度については、特に規定するものではないが、例えば、1050~1250℃とすることが好ましい。また、熱間圧延後の熱延板の板厚についても、特に規定するものではないが、母材の最終板厚を考慮して、例えば、1.5~3.0mm程度とすることが好ましい。
その後、鋼板の磁束密度を上昇させることを目的として、必要に応じて熱延板焼鈍を実施する。熱延板焼鈍における熱処理条件については、特に規定するものではないが、例えば、950℃以下の温度で加熱することが好ましい。また、加熱時間については1~300sとすることが好ましい。なお、熱延板焼鈍工程を実施した場合と比較して磁気特性は劣ることとなるが、コスト削減のために、上記の熱延板焼鈍工程を省略してもよい。
上記熱延板焼鈍の後には、酸洗が実施され、母材の表面に生成したスケール層が除去される。ここで、酸洗に用いられる酸の濃度、酸洗に用いる促進剤の濃度、酸洗液の温度等の酸洗条件は、特に限定されるものではなく、公知の酸洗条件とすることができる。
上記酸洗の後には、冷間圧延が実施される。冷間圧延では、母材の最終板厚が0.10~0.35mmとなるような圧下率で、スケール層の除去された酸洗板が圧延される。
上記冷間圧延の後には、仕上焼鈍が実施される。本開示に係る無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法では、仕上焼鈍には、連続焼鈍炉を使用する。仕上焼鈍工程は、脱炭を行い、母材中のC含有量と結晶粒径を制御するために、重要な工程である。
上記仕上焼鈍の後には、必要に応じて、絶縁被膜の形成工程が実施される。ここで、絶縁被膜の形成工程については、特に限定されるものではなく、上記のような公知の絶縁被膜処理液を用いて、公知の方法により処理液の塗布および乾燥を行えばよい。
母材の表面から深さ方向に10μmの位置までを除く領域におけるO含有量は、前述した方法によって測定した。
また、各試験材の圧延方向および幅方向からエプスタイン試験片を採取し、JIS C 2550-1(2011)に則したエプスタイン試験により、磁気特性(鉄損W10/400および磁束密度B50)を評価した。さらに、各試験材から、JIS Z 2241(2011)に従い、長手方向が鋼板の圧延方向と一致するようにJIS5号引張試験片を採取した。そして、上記試験片を用いてJIS Z 2241(2011)に従い引張試験を行い、引張強さを測定した。上記の結果を表2に示す。
なお、表1及び表2において、化学成分の下線は本開示の範囲外であること、化学成分以外の下線は好ましい範囲外であることを意味する。
試験No,23では、N含有量が規定範囲を超えたため、鉄損が劣る結果となった。試験No.24では、鋼板(母材)の表層10μmを除く領域のO含有量が規定範囲を超えたため、鉄損が劣る結果となった。
Claims (6)
- 母材の化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.0010~0.0040%、
Si:4.0~5.0%、
Mn:0.20%以下、
Al:0.010%以上0.050%未満、
P:0.030%以下、
S:0.0030%以下、
N:0.0005~0.0030%、
O:0.0100~0.0400%、
Ca:0.0010%未満、
Ti:0.0050%未満、
Nb:0.0050%未満、
Zr:0.0050%未満、
V:0.0050%未満、
Cu:0.20%未満、
Ni:0.50%未満、
Sn:0~0.05%、
Sb:0~0.05%、並びに
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
前記母材の表面から深さ方向に10μmの位置までを除く領域におけるO含有量が0.0050%未満である、
無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記母材の平均結晶粒径が、10~80μmである、
請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 引張強さが650MPa以上である、
請求項1または請求項2に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記母材の表面に絶縁被膜を有する、
請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板を製造する方法であって、
質量%で、
C:0.0020~0.0060%、
Si:4.0~5.0%、
Mn:0.20%以下、
Al:0.010%以上0.050%未満、
P:0.030%以下、
S:0.0030%以下、
N:0.0005~0.0030%、
O:0.0050%未満、
Ca:0.0010%未満、
Ti:0.0050%未満、
Nb:0.0050%未満、
Zr:0.0050%未満、
V:0.0050%未満、
Cu:0.20%未満、
Ni:0.50%未満、
Sn:0~0.05%、
Sb:0~0.05%、並びに
残部:Feおよび不純物である化学組成を有する鋼塊に対して、
熱間圧延工程と、冷間圧延工程と、仕上焼鈍工程とを順に施す、
無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記熱間圧延工程と前記冷間圧延工程との間に、950℃以下の温度で加熱する熱延板焼鈍工程をさらに備える、
請求項5に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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| CN103388106A (zh) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-11-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种高磁感低铁损无取向电工钢板及其制造方法 |
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| WO2018147044A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-07 | 2018-08-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法とモータコアの製造方法ならびにモータコア |
| BR112019017229B1 (pt) * | 2017-03-07 | 2023-03-28 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Chapa de aço elétrica não orientada e método de fabricação de chapa de aço elétrica não orientada |
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| BR112022020652A2 (pt) | 2022-11-29 |
| TWI849307B (zh) | 2024-07-21 |
| JP7328597B2 (ja) | 2023-08-17 |
| JPWO2021210671A1 (ja) | 2021-10-21 |
| EP4137599A1 (en) | 2023-02-22 |
| CN115380131A (zh) | 2022-11-22 |
| US20230139246A1 (en) | 2023-05-04 |
| KR102794671B1 (ko) | 2025-04-16 |
| EP4137599A4 (en) | 2025-03-19 |
| TW202202639A (zh) | 2022-01-16 |
| KR20220158843A (ko) | 2022-12-01 |
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