WO2021258871A1 - Recovery device for waste neodymium iron boron magnetic materials and use method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A recovery device for waste neodymium iron boron magnetic materials, comprising a feeding device (10), a material conveying device (20), a collecting device (40), a screening device (50), and a rotating device (60). The feeding device (10) comprises: a hollow housing; a first crushing roller (103), provided inside the housing and located above a material collecting box; a second crushing roller (104), provided inside the housing; a first rotating rod (105), provided inside the housing and located below the first crushing roller (103); and a second rotating rod (106), provided inside the housing and located below the first crushing roller (103). The material conveying device (20) is provided on one side of the feeding device (10). The collecting device (40) is provided below the material conveying device (20). The screening device (50) is provided inside the feeding device (10). The rotating device (60) is provided inside the material conveying device (20). The recovery device is used for solving the problem in the prior art of blocking due to the situations that surface scraps cannot be effectively, rapidly, and completely shaken off in treatment of the surface scraps on waste neodymium iron boron, and the waste neodymium iron boron after scrap removal cannot be rapidly discharged.

Description

Recovery device and use method of waste neodymium iron boron magnetic material Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste NdFeB processing, in particular to a recovery device and use method of waste NdFeB magnetic materials.

Background technique

Waste NdFeB is currently the main type of rare earth permanent magnet waste. Waste NdFeB generally has powdery, granular, massive, slushy, some with high water content, some with less water content, and some soaked in liquid. Among them, some samples show different colors and odors, and most samples have low volatile components. The recovery of waste NdFeB is more convenient than direct crushing of ore to obtain rare earth resources, because the content of rare earth in waste NdFeB is much higher than that of ore.

This also requires the recycling and processing of waste NdFeB, and the recovery of waste NdFeB is mainly through multiple steps such as roasting, acid dissolution, filtration and extraction. However, in order to ensure the treatment effect of the recycling process, usually The waste NdFeB is separated before the treatment process. The existing method of separating the waste on the surface of the waste NdFeB is usually by vibrating the waste NdFeB, shaking off the surface waste, and then collecting the fallen waste. There are problems with this method. There are too many falling waste materials that cannot be collected quickly, and the falling waste materials and the discarded NdFeB cannot be effectively separated when mixed together, which may easily cause the collected waste NdFeB doped waste materials, and the existing falling off The waste material is slow, and the exhaust gas NdFeB that finishes falling off the waste material will accumulate inside and cannot be effectively discharged. Therefore, there is a need for a device that can quickly shake off the waste material on the surface of the exhaust gas neodymium iron boron and can quickly separate and collect the waste material and the exhaust gas neodymium iron boron.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a recycling device for waste neodymium iron boron magnetic materials, which is used to solve the problem that the exhaust neodymium iron boron in the prior art cannot effectively and quickly shake off all the surface waste materials and complete the waste removal of waste neodymium. Iron and boron can not be discharged quickly, causing clogging problems.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions: the recovery device includes: a feeding device, the feeding device includes: a casing, the inside of the casing is hollow; a first crushing roller, the first crushing roller Is arranged inside the casing, the first crushing roller is located above the collecting box, the first crushing roller is connected with the casing; the second crushing roller, the second crushing roller is arranged inside the casing, The second crushing roller is located above the collecting box, the second crushing roller is connected to the casing; the first rotating rod, the first rotating rod is arranged inside the casing, and the first rotating rod is located in the first rotating rod. Below a crushing roller, the first rotating rod is connected to the casing; a second rotating rod, the second rotating rod is arranged inside the casing, the second rotating rod is located below the first crushing roller, the The second rotating rod is connected to the casing; a material transfer device, the material transfer device is arranged on one side of the feed device, the material transfer device is connected with the material feed device; a collection device, the collection device is arranged on the material transfer device Below the device, the collection device is connected with the transfer device; a rotating device, the rotating device is arranged inside the transfer device, the rotating device is movably connected with the transfer device, and the rotating device is used for cleaning waste NdFeB The waste; the screening device, the screening device is arranged inside the feeding device, the screening device is movably connected with the feeding device.

In the above-mentioned technical solution, the embodiment of the present application uses a combination of a feeding device, a material transfer device, a screening device, and a rotating device. The recycling process achieves better results. After the waste NdFeB is poured into the feeding device, the waste NdFeB is first crushed. The waste NdFeB is processed into pieces, and the waste NdFeB is crushed to make the surface of the waste NdFeB. The waste will be separated from the waste NdFeB during the crushing process, and the waste will also be broken into pieces. The waste is cleaned up through the crushing. After the crushing, the waste and the scraps of the waste NdFeB fall onto the screening device. The left and right movement of the screening device separates the waste from the scrapped NdFeB. The scrap falls down through the screening device and falls into the collection box for recovery, while the scraps staying in the screening device are passed to the waste NdFeB. The device moves into the interior of the rotating device, and the scrapped NdFeB is rotated through the rotating device. The centrifugal force of the rotating device makes the discarded NdFeB collide in the rotating device, so that part of the discarded NdFeB with scrap is used as waste. Separation to ensure that there is no waste on the surface of the waste NdFeB and improve the efficiency of subsequent recycling.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the feeding device further includes: a feeding port provided on the upper surface of the casing, the feeding port and the casing are formed integrally, and the feeding port It is in the shape of a funnel; a collection box, the collection box is arranged inside the casing, the collection box is located at the bottom of the casing, the collection box is movably connected with the casing; the outer circumference of the first crushing roller is connected to the The outer peripheries of the second crushing roller are arranged in mesh with each other, and the meshing position of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller is located directly below the feed inlet; the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller pass through an external motor Driven to rotate, a connecting belt is arranged between the first crushing roller and the first rotating rod, the connecting belt is arranged between the second crushing roller and the second rotating rod, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod The rods are respectively controlled by the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller.

An arc-shaped plate is arranged on the lower outer periphery of the first crushing roller, and the arc-shaped plate is at the same center as the first crushing roller. The arc-shaped plate is provided with two pieces, and the other arc-shaped block is arranged on the second crushing roller. The two arc-shaped plates are arranged opposite to each other on the outer circumference of the plate, and a distance is set between the two arc-shaped plates.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the material transfer device includes: a material transfer shell, the material transfer shell is arranged on the right side of the cabinet, and the material transfer shell is fixedly connected to the cabinet.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the rotating device includes: a rotating drum arranged inside the material transfer housing, the rotating drum is movably connected to the material transferring housing, the rotating drum is inclined, and the rotating drum The inside of the drum is hollow, the surface of the drum is provided with a through hole; the dividing plate is arranged on the inner wall of the drum, and the dividing plate is fixedly connected to the drum; the deflector, the deflector is arranged on On the inner wall of the rotating drum, the guide bar is fixedly connected with the rotating drum; a driving motor is arranged below the rotating drum, and the driving motor is connected with the rotating drum.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the flow dividing plate is provided with four pieces, and the flow dividing plates are staggeredly distributed on the inner wall surface of the rotating drum; There is a gap between the guide bars; the right outer periphery of the drum is provided with cogging, the cogging of the rotating drum is matched with the driving motor, and the gear at the rotating end of the driving motor is in phase with the cogging of the rotating drum Engaged, the drive motor is used to control the rotation of the drum.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the screening device includes: a screening plate, the screening plate is arranged inside the casing, the screening plate is located between the first crushing roller and the first rotating rod, the screening plate The surface of the screen is provided with through holes, and the upper surface of the screening plate is inclined to the right.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the lower surface of the screening plate is provided with a toothed plate, the outer circumference of the first rotating rod is provided with a half gear, the outer circumference of the second rotating rod is also provided with the half gear, and the first The half gear of the rotating lever and the half gear of the second rotating lever are staggered, and the half gear of the first rotating lever and the half gear of the second rotating lever mesh with the toothed plate of the screening plate.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the recovery device further includes: a filter device, the filter device is arranged below the material transfer device, the filter device is connected to the material transfer device, and the upper part of the filter device passes through the transfer device. The lower surface of the material transfer device, the filter device is used to clean the dust inside the material transfer device.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the filter device includes: a filter housing, the filter housing is arranged below the material transfer device, the filter housing is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the material transfer device; a diversion cylinder, the diversion tube The tube is arranged inside the filter housing, and the guide tube is connected to the filter housing; a rotating electric machine is arranged inside the filter housing, and the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the guide tube; the filter inner shell is The inner shell is arranged inside the filter shell, the filter inner shell and the filter shell are at the same center, the outer periphery of the filter inner shell and the inner wall of the filter shell are provided with a distance; the filter screen, the filter screen is arranged on the filter inner shell The filter screen is fixedly connected to the filter inner shell; the attacked baffle is arranged inside the filter inner shell, and the attacked baffle is movably connected with the filter inner shell; the force spring, The stressed spring is located between the hit baffle and the lower bottom of the filter inner shell.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the filter housing is formed as a convex cylinder, the deflector is located below the protruding cylinder of the filter housing, and a gap is left between the deflector and the baffle; the deflector A gap is left between the outer circumference of the flow tube and the inner wall of the filter inner shell, and the gap between the outer circumference of the flow tube and the inner wall of the filter inner shell is used for circulating dust.

The recovery device further includes: a control device located inside the material transfer device, the control device is arranged on the right side of the rotating device, and the control device is used to restrict the outflow of waste NdFeB in the rotating device; the The control device includes: a discharging barrel, the discharging barrel is arranged on the right side of the rotating drum, the left side of the discharging drum is inserted into the inner right side of the rotating drum to form a connection, the discharging drum is hollow; Plate, the first closing plate is arranged inside the discharge tube, the first closing plate is movably connected with the discharge tube; the second closing plate, the second closing plate is arranged inside the discharge tube, the first Two closing plates are movably connected with the discharge barrel; a third closing plate is arranged inside the discharge barrel, and the third closing plate is movably connected with the outlet barrel; a fourth closing plate, the first Four closing plates are arranged inside the discharge barrel, and the fourth closing plate is movably connected with the outlet barrel; the first closing plate, the second closing plate, the third closing plate, and the fourth closing plate form one A complete circle, the outer periphery of the complete circle composed of the first closing plate, the second closing plate, the third closing plate, and the fourth closing plate is matched with the inner wall of the discharge barrel, and the third closing plate The lower part is provided with a movable plate, which is slidably connected with the third closing plate, and the movable plate is used to prevent the third closing plate from being jammed with the discharge cylinder when the third closing plate rotates; the control connecting rod, the control connecting rod Set on one side of the first closing plate, the second closing plate, the third closing plate, and the fourth closing plate. The control links connected to the third closing plate are arranged in the same direction, and the control links connected to the fourth closing plate cooperate with the control rods connected to the third closing plate to form a V shape; the screening device It also includes: a linkage rod, one end of the linkage rod is connected with the screening plate, the other end of the linkage rod is connected with the control link, and one end of the linkage rod and the control link is provided with a rectangle placed laterally The board is used for connection.

The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a method for using a recycling device for waste neodymium iron boron magnetic materials, which includes the following steps:

The feed is crushed, and the waste NdFeB is poured in from the feed port. The waste NdFeB is broken through the first and second crushing rollers to form fragments, and the waste NdFeB that forms the fragments passes through the arc inside the cabinet The shaped board moves to both sides and falls onto the surface of the screening board;

For screening and conveying, the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller respectively drive the first and second rotating rods to rotate, and the first and second rotating rods drive the screen plate to move left and right, and the fragments that fall on the surface of the screen plate The waste NdFeB scraps the original surface waste through crushing and fall, and then fall into the collecting box below through the through hole of the screening plate, and the scrapped NdFeB move to the material transfer device;

Rotation and separation. After the scrapped NdFeB is moved to the internal rotating device of the transfer device, part of the waste will also be brought into the rotating device during the movement. After the scrap and the scrapped NdFeB both enter the rotating device of the rotating device. After the drum, the drive motor drives the drum to rotate, and uses the rotation of the drum to drive the internal waste and the fragments of neodymium iron boron to rotate. The waste material still on the surface of the discarded NdFeB is also thrown away to the outside of the drum through the isomorphic centrifugal force of the rotating impact;

Collect the remaining materials. After separating the scrapped NdFeB and waste materials through the rotating device, the waste on the periphery of the rotating drum is recovered by the collecting device under the material transfer shell, and the scrapped NdFeB inside the rotating drum passes through the discharge drum. Flow to the collecting bin on the right for recycling.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses: after the rotating separation step, it further includes: interception control. While the rotating drum is rotated by the drive motor, the screening plate will move left and right uninterrupted to move the crushed waste NdFeB to The conveying device conveys, while the screen plate moves left and right, the linkage rod connected with the screen plate pulls the control link to move, and the first, second, and third closed plates inside the discharge cylinder are moved by the control link. , The fourth closing plate is opened or closed. When it is opened, the scrapped NdFeB in the drum moves to the discharge drum and flows to the collecting box. When closed, the scrapped NdFeB in the drum stays in the drum. Continue to maintain the rotating separation step.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses that after the interception control step, it also includes: gas diversion. During the rotation of the drum, waste materials and scraps and waste NdFeB inside the drum impact and rotate to produce dust, and the dust passes through The through holes on the surface of the rotating drum flow to the outer circumference of the rotating drum and overflow inside the material transfer device. The rotating motor of the filter device is activated to rotate the blades set on the rotating motor to draw the dust in the material transfer device downward. After the inner shell continues to move downward and impact to the impacted baffle, the impacted baffle blocks the dust, and the blocked dust escapes around the impacted baffle. When it is scattered, the dust will pass through the filter to remove the dust and impurities in the gas. Filter, the gas flowing to the outer periphery of the filter inner shell forms clean air.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: first, the magnetic material recovery device of the present invention recovers the discarded neodymium iron boron, and the waste materials (such as sludge, oxides, etc.) on the surface are separated before the recovery treatment, thereby To achieve a better recovery and treatment effect, first, after the waste NdFeB is poured into the cabinet through the feeding device, the waste NdFeB is first crushed by the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to form fragments. The crushing force generated at the time makes the waste material on the surface of the waste NdFeB fall off, and after the waste material is dropped, it will be broken into small pieces by the first and second crushing rollers, so that the waste material on the surface of the waste NdFeB can be realized. The first cleanup and the scrapped NdFeB can also be more convenient when processing surface waste without manual cleaning. After the crushed waste NdFeB and waste fall into the screening device, use the left and right movement of the screening device The waste materials on the surface fall into the collection box through the through holes of the screening plate to be separated from the waste NdFeB. Second, the waste NdFeB separated by the screening device flows into the rotating drum of the rotating device, and the scrapped NdFeB in the rotating drum and part of the waste that flows into the rotating device through the screening device are driven to rotate the rotating drum through the drive motor. The rotation of the drum is used to generate centrifugal force to make the waste and the waste NdFeB rotate and collide in the drum to separate the residual waste on the surface of the scrapped NdFeB. The separated waste is thrown out to the outer periphery of the drum by centrifugal force, and passes through the set shunt. The plate and the guide bar prevent the waste and waste NdFeB from being on the lower surface of the rotating drum when the drum is rotating. It will accumulate in one part of the drum to reduce accumulation and improve the separation effect. Third, when the drum is rotating through the control device, the control device can be opened to allow the waste NdFeB in the drum to come out, to prevent the accumulation of too much waste NdFeB in the drum to be unable to clean up, and the control device cooperates with the drum , So that the waste NdFeB can be continuously cleaned and discharged, and there is no need to stop the device to discharge the waste NdFeB inside the drum. Fourth, dust will be generated when the drum rotates to separate waste and waste NdFeB. The formed dust will flow through the through holes of the drum to the outer circumference and be filled in the conveying device. The filter device is used to drain when the drum rotates to generate dust. The dust moves to the filter inner shell, and after the dust moves to the filter inner shell, it continues to move downward and impact on the attacked baffle. After the airflow dust contacts the attacked baffle, it will diverge around the attacked baffle and flow to the direction The filter screen, in the process of flowing to the filter screen, the dust is blocked on the filter screen and the clean gas flows into the air to prevent environmental pollution.

Description of the drawings

The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inside of the feeding device of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inside of the material transfer device of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control device of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is another internal schematic diagram of the control device of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic internal cross-sectional view of the filter device of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of the recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a working schematic diagram of the filter device of the recovery device in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the attached picture

10. Feeding device 101, feed inlet 102, collecting box

103. The first crushing roller 104. The second crushing roller 105. The first rotating rod

106, the second rotating rod

20. Material transfer device 201. Material transfer case 30. Filter device

301, Filter housing 302, Rotating motor 303, Diversion tube

304, filter net 305, filter inner shell 306, attacked baffle

307. Forced spring 40. Collection device 50. Screening device

501 Screening board 502, Linkage rod 60, Rotating device

601, rotating drum 602, splitter plate 603, diversion strip

604, drive motor 70, control device 701, discharge barrel

702, the first closing plate 703, the second closing plate 704, the third closing plate

705, the fourth closing plate 706, the control link

detailed description

In order to clearly and completely describe the objectives and technical solutions of the present invention, and to make the advantages clearer, the following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. They are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art have not done so. All other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom" "," "side", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying The device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "a", "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", and "sixth" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

For the purpose of conciseness and explanation, the principles of the embodiments are mainly described by referring to examples. In the following description, many specific details are proposed to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it is obvious that for those of ordinary skill in the art, these embodiments may not be limited to these specific details in practice. In some instances, well-known methods and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily making these embodiments difficult to understand. In addition, all the embodiments can be used in combination with each other.

Example one:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment discloses a recycling device for waste neodymium iron boron magnetic materials, including: a feeding device 10, a material transfer device 20, a collection device 40, a rotating device 60, a screening device 50, and The material device 10 includes a casing, a first crushing roller 103, a second crushing roller 104, a first rotating rod 105, and a second rotating rod 106. The inside of the casing is hollow; the first crushing roller 103 is arranged inside the casing , The first crushing roller 103 is located above the collecting box 102, the first crushing roller 103 is connected with the casing; the second crushing roller 104 is arranged inside the casing, and the second crushing roller 104 is located above the collecting box 102. The two crushing rollers 104 are connected to the casing; the first rotating rod 105 is arranged inside the casing, the first rotating rod 105 is located below the first crushing roller 103, the first rotating rod 105 is connected to the casing; the second rotating rod 106 The second rotating rod 106 is located below the first crushing roller 103, and the second rotating rod 106 is connected to the housing; the material transfer device 20 is arranged on one side of the feeding device 10, and the material transfer device 20 is connected to the The feeding device 10 is connected; the collecting device 40 is arranged under the conveying device 20, and the collecting device 40 is connected to the conveying device 20. The collecting device 40 is used to recover the waste generated by the rotating device 60; the rotating device 60 is arranged on the conveying device 20 Inside, the rotating device 60 is movably connected with the feeding device 20, and the rotating device 60 is used to clean waste NdFeB waste; the screening device 50 is arranged inside the feeding device 10, and the screening device 50 is movably connected to the feeding device 10.

In the embodiment of the present application, through the combination of the feeding device 10, the material transfer device 20, the screening device 50, and the rotating device 60, before the waste NdFeB is recycled, the surface waste is removed first, so that the subsequent recycling is processed The process achieves a better effect. After the waste NdFeB is poured into the feeding device 10, the waste NdFeB is first crushed, and the waste NdFeB is processed into pieces. By crushing the waste NdFeB, the surface of the waste NdFeB is broken. The waste will be separated from the waste NdFeB during the crushing process, and the waste will also be broken into pieces. The waste is cleaned first through the crushing. After the crushing, the waste and the scraps of the waste NdFeB fall onto the screening device 50. The left and right movement of the screening device 50 separates the waste from the scrapped NdFeB. The scrap falls down through the screening device 50 and falls into the collecting box 102 for recovery, while the scraps staying in the screening device 50 are discarded NdFeB. The boron moves to the conveying device 20 and flows into the rotating device 60. The scrapped neodymium iron boron is rotated by the rotating device 60. The centrifugal force of the rotating device 60 makes the waste NdFeB collide in the rotating device 60 so that part of it is returned. The waste NdFeB with waste materials are separated to ensure that there is no waste on the surface of the waste NdFeB and improve the efficiency of subsequent recycling. Waste refers to adherents such as oxides and sludge.

Specifically, the feeding device 10 further includes: a feeding port 101, a collecting box 102, the feeding port 101 is arranged on the upper surface of the casing, the feeding port 101 and the casing are formed integrally, and the feeding port 101 is in the shape of a funnel. The collection box 102 is arranged inside the casing, the collection box 102 is at the bottom of the casing, and the collection box 102 is movably connected with the casing; the outer circumference of the first crushing roller 103 and the outer circumference of the second crushing roller 104 are mutually meshing Setting, the meshing place of the first crushing roller 103 and the second crushing roller 104 is located directly below the feed port 101; the first crushing roller 103 and the second crushing roller 104 are driven to rotate by an external motor, and the first crushing roller 103 and A connecting belt is arranged between the first rotating rod 105, and a connecting belt is arranged between the second crushing roller 104 and the second rotating rod 106. The first rotating rod 105 and the second rotating rod 106 respectively pass through the first crushing roller 103 and the second rotating rod. Two crushing roller 104 control.

An arc-shaped plate is provided on the lower outer periphery of the first crushing roller 103. The arc-shaped plate and the first crushing roller 103 are at the same center. Two arc-shaped plates are provided, and the other arc-shaped block is provided on the outer circumference of the second crushing roller 104. The two arc-shaped plates are arranged oppositely, and a space is arranged between the two arc-shaped plates. After the waste NdFeB is poured into the cabinet through the feeding device 10, the waste NdFeB is crushed by the first crushing roller 103 and the second crushing roller 104 to form fragments, and the crushing force generated during the crushing is used to make the waste NdFeB The waste on the surface of the iron boron falls, and after the waste is dropped, it will be broken into small pieces by the first crushing roller 103 and the second crushing roller 104, so that the waste on the surface of the waste NdFeB can be cleaned for the first time and The waste NdFeB that forms fragments can also be more convenient to process surface waste without manual cleaning. After the crushed waste NdFeB and waste fall into the screening device 50, the left and right movements of the screening device 50 are used to remove the surface waste. The through hole of the screening plate 501 falls into the collection box 102 and is separated from the waste NdFeB. After the waste NdFeB is broken, the arc-shaped plate will move to both sides to prevent the scrapped NdFeB from all moving in the same direction. Falling and accumulating on one part of the screening plate 501 can easily cause blockage of the screening plate 501, and the waste materials and scraps at one part of the screening plate 501 are not easy to separate. The side spreading reduces the accumulation of excessive waste and waste NdFeB on the same surface of the screening plate 501, resulting in a decrease in the separation effect.

Specifically, the material transfer device 20 includes: a material transfer housing 201 arranged on the right side of the housing, and the material transfer housing 201 is fixedly connected to the housing.

Specifically, the rotating device 60 includes a rotating drum 601, a splitter plate 602, a guide bar 603, and a driving motor 604. The rotating drum 601 is arranged inside the transfer housing 201, and the rotating drum 601 is movably connected to the transfer housing 201. 601 is arranged obliquely, the interior of the rotating drum 601 is hollow, and the surface of the rotating drum 601 is provided with through holes; the distribution plate 602 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the rotating drum 601, and the distribution plate 602 is fixedly connected to the rotating drum 601; the deflector 603 is arranged in On the inner wall of the rotating drum 601, the guide bar 603 is fixedly connected to the rotating drum 601; the driving motor 604 is arranged under the rotating drum 601, and the driving motor 604 is connected to the rotating drum 601.

The waste NdFeB separated by the screening device 50 flows into the rotating drum 601 of the rotating device 60, and the scrapped NdFeB in the rotating drum 601 and part of the waste flowing into the rotating device 60 through the screening device 50 are driven by the drive motor 604 The rotating drum 601 rotates, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating drum 601 makes the waste and waste NdFeB rotate and collide in the rotating drum 601 to separate the residual waste on the surface of the scrapped NdFeB. The separated waste is thrown out to the rotating drum by centrifugal force. On the outer circumference of the drum 601, the shunt plate 602 and the guide bar 603 are provided to prevent waste and waste NdFeB from being on the lower surface of the drum 601 and unable to rotate when the drum 601 rotates. When the drum 601 rotates, the divider plate 602 and The guide bar 603 contacts the waste and waste NdFeB so that it will not accumulate in one part of the rotating drum 601 to reduce accumulation and improve the separation effect. When the drum 601 rotates, waste and waste NdFeB will stay on the bottom surface of the drum 601 and cannot follow the rotation. When the drum 601 rotates through the splitter plate 602 and the guide bar 603, it can drive the waste and waste. The waste NdFeB rotates with the rotating drum 601 to improve the separation effect of the waste and the waste NdFeB, and the flowing waste NdFeB can collide between the waste NdFeB to remove the residual waste on the surface of the waste NdFeB to improve the separation effect.

Specifically, four splitter plates 602 are provided, and the splitter plates 602 are staggeredly distributed on the inner wall surface of the rotating drum 601; there are multiple guide strips 603, the guide strips 603 are arranged obliquely, and the plurality of guide strips 603 are arranged between them. There is a spacing; the right outer circumference of the drum 601 is provided with cogging, the cogging of the drum 601 is matched with the driving motor 604, the gear at the rotating end of the driving motor 604 meshes with the cogging of the drum 601, and the driving motor 604 is used for The rotation of the drum 601 is controlled.

Specifically, the screening device 50 includes: a screening plate 501 is arranged inside the casing, the screening plate 501 is located between the first crushing roller 103 and the first rotating rod 105, the surface of the screening plate 501 is provided with through holes, and the screening plate 501 is The upper surface is inclined to the right.

Specifically, the lower surface of the screening plate 501 is provided with a toothed plate, the outer circumference of the first rotating rod 105 is provided with a half gear, the outer circumference of the second rotating rod 106 is also provided with a half gear, the half gear of the first rotating rod 105 and the second The half gears of the rotating lever 106 are staggered, and the half gears of the first rotating lever 105 and the half gears of the second rotating lever 106 mesh with the toothed plate of the screening plate 501.

Specifically, the recovery device further includes: a filtering device 30, which is arranged below the material transfer device 20, the filter device 30 is connected to the material transfer device 20, and the upper part of the filter device 30 passes through the lower surface of the material transfer device 20 to filter The device 30 is used to clean the dust inside the material transfer device 20.

Specifically, the filter device 30 includes: a filter housing 301, a deflector 303, a rotating electric machine 302, a filter inner housing 305, a filter screen 304, a baffle plate 306, a force spring 307, and the filter housing 301 is arranged on the material transfer device 20 Below, the filter housing 301 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the material transfer device 20; the deflector cylinder 303 is arranged inside the filter housing 301, and the deflector cylinder 303 is connected to the filter housing 301; the rotating motor 302 is arranged inside the filter housing 301 and rotates The motor 302 is fixedly connected with the deflector 303; the filter inner shell 305 is arranged inside the filter shell 301, the filter inner shell 305 and the filter shell 301 are at the same center, and the outer periphery of the filter inner shell 305 and the inner wall of the filter shell 301 are provided with a distance; The filter screen 304 is arranged on the outer periphery of the filter inner shell 305, and the filter screen 304 is fixedly connected with the filter inner shell 305; the attacked baffle 306 is arranged inside the filter inner shell 305, and the attacked baffle 306 is movably connected with the filter inner shell 305; The force spring 307 is located in the middle of the hit baffle 306 and the lower bottom of the filter inner shell 305.

Specifically, the filter housing 301 is formed into a convex cylinder, and the deflector 303 is located below the protruding cylinder of the filter housing 301, and there is a gap between the deflector 303 and the baffle 306; the outer circumference of the deflector 303 and the filter inner A gap is left between the inner walls of the shell 305, and the gap between the outer circumference of the baffle 303 and the inner wall of the filter inner shell 305 is used for circulating dust.

When the drum 601 rotates to separate waste and waste NdFeB, dust will be generated. The formed dust will flow through the through holes of the drum 601 to the outer periphery and be filled in the material transfer device 20. The filter device 30 is used to rotate the drum 601 to generate dust. When the drainage dust moves to the filter inner shell 305, after the dust moves to the filter inner shell 305, it continues to move downward and impact on the hit baffle 306. The airflow dust will be blocked by the hit baffle 306 after it contacts the hit baffle 306. The periphery of the plate 306 diverges and flows to the filter screen 304. In the process of flowing to the filter screen 304, the dust is blocked on the filter screen 304 and the clean gas flows into the air to prevent environmental pollution. The existing filtering method directly blows the dust gas to the filter screen 304, which will easily cause the dust to penetrate the filter screen 304 and flow into the air to cause air pollution. The dust gas is used to rush to the attacked baffle 306 and absorb the dust gas through the attacked baffle 306. The impact of the dust gas overflows around, and the dust gas overflowing around will flow between the guide tube 303 and the filter inner shell 305, and the dust gas itself fills the middle of the guide tube 303 and the filter inner shell 305. The clean gas is squeezed out of the filter inner shell 305 to block the dust on the filter screen 304. This method does not require the filter screen 304 to directly contact the dust gas and prevents the dust from penetrating the filter screen 304 and causing environmental pollution.

The recovery device further includes: a control device 70 located inside the material transfer device 20, the control device 70 is arranged on the right side of the rotating device 60, and the control device 70 is used to restrict the outflow of waste NdFeB in the rotating device 60; control The device 70 includes: a discharge cylinder 701, the discharge cylinder 701 is arranged on the right side of the drum 601, the left side of the discharge cylinder 701 is inserted into the inside of the right side of the drum 601 to form a connection, and the discharge cylinder 701 is hollow; The closing plate 702, the first closing plate 702 is arranged inside the discharge barrel 701, the first closing plate 702 is movably connected with the output barrel 701; the second closing plate 703, the second closing plate 703 is arranged inside the output barrel 701 , The second closing plate 703 is movably connected with the discharge barrel 701; the third closing plate 704, the third closing plate 704 is arranged inside the discharge barrel 701, and the third closing plate 704 is movably connected with the outlet barrel 701; the fourth closing The fourth closing plate 705 is arranged inside the discharge barrel 701, and the fourth closing plate 705 is movably connected to the discharge barrel 701; the first closing plate 702, the second closing plate 703, the third closing plate 704, and the fourth The sealing plate forms a complete circle. The outer circumference of the complete circle composed of the first sealing plate 702, the second sealing plate 703, the third sealing plate 704, and the fourth sealing plate is matched with the inner wall of the discharge cylinder 701. The third The lower part of the closing plate 704 is provided with a movable plate, which is slidably connected to the third closing plate 704, and the movable plate is used for the third closing plate 704 to rotate without being jammed with the discharge cylinder 701; the control connecting rod 706, the control connecting The rod 706 is arranged on one side of the first closing plate 702, the second closing plate 703, the third closing plate 704, and the fourth closing plate. 703. The control connecting rods 706 connected to the third closing plate 704 are arranged in the same direction, and the control connecting rods 706 connected to the fourth closing plate 705 cooperate with the control rods connected to the third closing plate 704 to form a V shape; the screening device 50 It also includes a linkage rod 502, one end of the linkage rod 502 is connected to the screening plate 501, the other end of the linkage rod 502 is connected to the control link 706, and one end of the linkage rod 502 and the control link 706 is provided with a horizontally placed end Rectangular plates are used to connect to each other. When the rotating drum 601 is rotated by the control device 70, the control device 70 is opened to allow the waste NdFeB in the rotating drum 601 to come out, preventing excessive accumulation of waste NdFeB in the rotating drum 601 and unable to clean up. The drum 601 cooperates, so that the waste NdFeB can be continuously cleaned and discharged, and there is no need to stop the device to discharge the waste NdFeB inside the drum 601. When the screen plate 501 moves left and right, due to the screen plate 501 and the control device 70 Each closing plate is driven by the linkage rod 502, so that the first closing plate 702, the second closing plate 703, the third closing plate 704, and the fourth closing plate 705 will follow to open or close while the screening plate 501 moves left and right. The linkage rod 502 pulls the control linkage rod 706 to push each closing plate to rotate. While the drum 601 rotates to separate waste and waste NdFeB, the partially cleaned waste NdFeB flows to the discharge cylinder 701 through the closing plate, thereby achieving The continuous dynamic balance of feeding, separation, and discharging reduces the accumulation of NdFeB exhaust gas that has been cleaned in the drum 601, which causes repeated cleaning and reduces the cleaning and separation effect.

Finally, a method for using a recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials is provided, which includes the following steps:

The feed material is crushed, and the waste NdFeB is poured from the feed port 101. The waste NdFeB passes through the first crushing roller 103 and the second crushing roller 104 to be crushed to form fragments, and the waste NdFeB that forms the fragments passes through the cabinet The inner arc-shaped plate moves to both sides and falls onto the surface of the screening plate 501;

For screening and conveying, the first crushing roller 103 and the second crushing roller 104 respectively drive the first rotating rod 105 and the second rotating rod 106 to rotate. The first rotating rod 105 and the second rotating rod 106 drive the screening plate 501 to move left and right, and The scrapped NdFeB scraps on the surface of the screening plate 501 will be crushed to drop the original surface waste, and then fall into the collecting box 102 below through the through holes of the screening plate 501, and the scrapped NdFeB will be transferred to the material transfer device 20 moves;

Rotation and separation. After the scrapped NdFeB pieces are moved to the internal rotating device 60 of the transfer device 20, part of the waste will also be brought into the rotating device 60 during the movement, and the scrap and the pieces of NdFeB will all enter the rotating device. After the rotating drum 601 of the device 60, the motor 604 drives the rotating drum 601 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating drum 601 drives the internal waste and the broken pieces of neodymium iron boron to rotate and separate, and the waste passes through the rotating drum 601 under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotating drum 601. The through-holes of the broken pieces are separated outward, and the waste material on the surface of the scrapped NdFeB is also thrown away to the outside of the rotating drum 601 by the isomorphic centrifugal force of the rotating impact;

Collect the remaining materials. After the scrapped NdFeB and waste materials are separated by the rotating device 60, the waste materials on the periphery of the rotating drum 601 are recovered by the collecting device 40 under the transfer housing 201, and the scraps inside the rotating drum 601 are discarded NdFe The boron flows through the discharge cylinder 701 to the collecting box 102 on the right side for recovery.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses: after the rotating separation step, it further includes: interception control. While the rotating drum 601 is rotated by the driving motor 604, the screening plate 501 will move left and right uninterrupted to remove the crushed waste neodymium iron. Boron is conveyed to the material transfer device 20. While the screening plate 501 moves left and right, the linkage rod 502 connected with the screening plate 501 pulls the control link 706 to move, and the first closing plate 702 inside the discharge cylinder 701 is moved by the control link 706 , The second closing plate 703, the third closing plate 704, and the fourth closing plate 705 are opened or closed. When opening, the scrapped neodymium iron boron in the rotating drum 601 moves to the discharge drum 701 and flows to the collecting box 102. The scrapped neodymium iron boron in the hour drum 601 stays in the drum 601 and continues to maintain the rotation separation step.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses that: after the interception control step, it also includes: gas diversion. During the rotation of the drum 601, the waste and scraps of the waste NdFeB inside the drum 601 impact and rotate to produce dust. The through holes on the surface of the rotating drum 601 flow to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 601 and overflow inside the material transfer device 20. The rotating motor 302 of the filter device 30 is activated to rotate the blades provided on the rotating motor 302 to reduce the dust in the material transfer device 20. Drain down, after the dust enters the filter inner shell 305, it continues to move downward and impact to the hit baffle 306. The hit baffle 306 blocks the dust, and the blocked dust spills around the hit baffle 306, and then When the dust is scattered, the dust and impurities in the gas are filtered through the filter 304, and the gas flowing to the outer periphery of the filter inner shell 305 forms clean air.

Although the illustrative specific embodiments of the present application are described above so that those skilled in the art can understand the application, the present application is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as each As long as such changes are within the spirit and scope of the application defined and determined by the appended claims, all application creations that utilize the concept of this application are protected.

Claims (13)

A recovery device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials, which includes: Feeding device, the feeding device includes: A casing, the inside of the casing is hollow; A first crushing roller, the first crushing roller is arranged inside the casing, the first crushing roller is located above the collecting box, and the first crushing roller is connected to the casing; A second crushing roller, the second crushing roller is arranged inside the casing, the second crushing roller is located above the collecting box, and the second crushing roller is connected to the casing; A first rotating rod, the first rotating rod is arranged inside the casing, the first rotating lever is located below the first crushing roller, and the first rotating lever is connected to the casing; A second rotating lever, the second rotating lever is arranged inside the casing, the second rotating lever is located below the first crushing roller, and the second rotating lever is connected to the casing; A material transfer device, the material transfer device is arranged on one side of the feed device, and the material transfer device is connected to the feed device; A collection device, the collection device is arranged below the material transfer device, and the collection device is connected to the material transfer device; A rotating device, the rotating device is arranged inside the material transfer device, the rotating device is movably connected to the material transferring device, and the rotating device is used for cleaning waste NdFeB waste; A screening device, the screening device is arranged inside the feeding device, and the screening device is movably connected with the feeding device. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device further comprises: A feed port, the feed port is arranged on the upper surface of the casing, the feed port is formed integrally with the casing, and the feed port is in the shape of a funnel; A collecting box, the collecting box is arranged inside the casing, the collecting box is located at the bottom of the casing, and the collecting box is movably connected with the casing; The outer periphery of the first crushing roller and the outer periphery of the second crushing roller are arranged in mesh with each other, and the meshing place of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller is located directly below the feed inlet; The first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are driven to rotate by an external motor, a connecting belt is provided between the first crushing roller and the first rotating rod, and the second crushing roller is connected to the The connecting belt is arranged between the second rotating rods, and the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are controlled by the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, respectively. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 1, wherein the material transfer device comprises: The material transfer shell is arranged on the right side of the casing, and the material transfer shell is fixedly connected with the casing. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 3, wherein the rotating device comprises: A rotating drum, the rotating drum is arranged inside the material transfer housing, the rotating drum is movably connected with the material transferring housing, the rotating drum is arranged obliquely, the inside of the rotating drum is hollow, and the rotating drum The surface is provided with through holes; A dividing plate, the dividing plate is arranged on the inner wall surface of the rotating drum, and the dividing plate is fixedly connected with the rotating drum; A guide bar, the guide bar is arranged on the inner wall surface of the drum, and the guide bar is fixedly connected to the drum; The driving motor is arranged below the rotating drum, and the driving motor is connected to the rotating drum. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 4, wherein the splitter plate is provided with four pieces, and the splitter plates are staggeredly distributed on the inner wall surface of the rotating drum; A plurality of the guide bars are provided, the guide bars are arranged obliquely, and a distance is arranged between the plurality of guide bars; A tooth groove is provided on the outer periphery of the right side of the rotating drum, and the tooth groove of the rotating drum is matched with the driving motor. The gear at the rotating end of the driving motor meshes with the tooth groove of the rotating drum. The motor is used to control the rotation of the drum. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 1, wherein the screening device comprises: The screening plate is arranged inside the casing, the screening plate is located between the first crushing roller and the first rotating rod, the surface of the screening plate is provided with a through hole, the The upper surface of the screen is inclined to the right. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 6, wherein the lower surface of the screening plate is provided with a tooth plate, the outer circumference of the first rotating rod is provided with a half gear, and the second The outer circumference of the rotating rod is also provided with the half gear, the half gear of the first rotating rod and the half gear of the second rotating rod are staggered, and the half gear of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are offset. The half gear of the rod meshes with the toothed plate of the screening plate. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 1, wherein the recycling device further comprises: The filter device is arranged below the material transfer device, the filter device is connected to the material transfer device, the upper part of the filter device passes through the lower surface of the material transfer device, and the filter device Used to clean the dust inside the material transfer device. 8. The recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 8, wherein the filtering device comprises: A filter housing, the filter housing is arranged below the material transfer device, and the filter housing is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the material transfer device; A deflector, the deflector is arranged inside the filter housing, and the deflector is connected to the filter housing; A rotating electric machine, the rotating electric machine is arranged inside the filter housing, and the rotating electric machine is fixedly connected to the deflector; A filter inner shell, the filter inner shell is arranged inside the filter shell, the filter inner shell and the filter shell have the same center, and the outer circumference of the filter inner shell is provided with a distance from the inner wall of the filter shell; A filter screen, the filter screen is arranged on the outer periphery of the filter inner shell, and the filter screen is fixedly connected with the filter inner shell; A hit baffle, the hit baffle is arranged inside the filter inner shell, and the hit baffle is movably connected with the filter inner shell; The stressed spring is located in the middle of the hit baffle and the lower bottom of the filter inner shell. The recovery device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 9, wherein the filter housing is a convex cylinder, the flow guide cylinder is located below the protruding cylinder of the filter housing, and the flow guide There is a gap between the barrel and the hit baffle; A gap is left between the outer circumference of the flow guide cylinder and the inner wall of the filter inner shell, and the gap between the outer circumference of the flow guide cylinder and the inner wall of the filter inner shell is used for circulating dust. A method for using a recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials includes the following steps: The feed is crushed, and the waste NdFeB is poured in from the feed port. The waste NdFeB is broken through the first and second crushing rollers to form fragments, and the waste NdFeB that forms the fragments passes through the arc inside the cabinet The shaped board moves to both sides and falls onto the surface of the screening board; For screening and conveying, the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller respectively drive the first and second rotating rods to rotate, and the first and second rotating rods drive the screen plate to move left and right, and the fragments that fall on the surface of the screen plate The waste NdFeB scraps the original surface waste through crushing and fall, and then fall into the collecting box below through the through hole of the screening plate, and the scrapped NdFeB move to the material transfer device; Rotation and separation. After the scrapped NdFeB is moved to the internal rotating device of the transfer device, part of the waste will also be brought into the rotating device during the movement. After the scrap and the scrapped NdFeB both enter the rotating device of the rotating device. After the drum, the drive motor drives the drum to rotate, and uses the rotation of the drum to drive the internal waste and the fragments of neodymium iron boron to rotate. The waste material still on the surface of the discarded NdFeB is also thrown away to the outside of the drum through the isomorphic centrifugal force of the rotating impact; Collect the remaining materials. After separating the scrapped NdFeB and waste materials through the rotating device, the waste on the periphery of the rotating drum is recovered by the collecting device under the material transfer shell, and the scrapped NdFeB inside the rotating drum passes through the discharge drum. Flow to the collecting bin on the right for recycling. The method of using a recycling device for waste NdFeB magnetic materials according to claim 11, wherein after the rotating separation step, the method further comprises: Cut-off control, while the rotating drum is rotating by the drive motor, the screening plate will move left and right uninterrupted to convey the crushed waste NdFeB to the conveying device, and the linkage rod connected with the screening plate while the screening plate moves left and right Pull the control link to move, and open or close the first, second, third, and fourth closure plates inside the discharge cylinder through the control link. When opening, the fragments in the drum are discarded as neodymium The iron boron moves to the discharge cylinder and flows to the collection box. When the drum is closed, the scrapped NdFeB waste NdFeB remains in the drum and continues to maintain the rotation and separation step. The method of using a recycling device for discarded neodymium iron boron magnetic materials according to claim 12, wherein, after the shut-off control step, the method further comprises: Gas diversion. During the rotation of the drum, the waste and scrap NdFeB inside the drum impact and rotate to produce dust. The dust flows to the outer circumference of the drum through the through holes on the surface of the drum and overflows inside the material transfer device. The rotating motor of the filter device is started, and the blades set on the rotating motor are rotated to drain the dust in the conveying device downwards. After the dust enters the filter inner shell, it continues to move downward and impact the impacted baffle, which will remove the dust. Blocked, the blocked dust is scattered around the impacted baffle. When it is scattered, the dust will filter the dust and impurities in the gas through the filter, and the gas flowing to the outer periphery of the filter inner shell will form a clean air.

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