WO2021132697A1 - ステビオールの新規用途 - Google Patents
ステビオールの新規用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021132697A1 WO2021132697A1 PCT/JP2020/049039 JP2020049039W WO2021132697A1 WO 2021132697 A1 WO2021132697 A1 WO 2021132697A1 JP 2020049039 W JP2020049039 W JP 2020049039W WO 2021132697 A1 WO2021132697 A1 WO 2021132697A1
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- steviol
- composition
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- fat
- cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/60—Sweeteners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/30—Artificial sweetening agents
- A23L27/33—Artificial sweetening agents containing sugars or derivatives
- A23L27/36—Terpene glycosides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
- A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
- A61K31/704—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new uses of steviol, in particular, to promote lipolysis and suppress fat accumulation, reduce blood glucose level, promote sugar uptake and / or improve glucose metabolism, and alcoholic liver disease or non-alcoholic fatty acid. Regarding uses related to the treatment of liver disease.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 1
- Non-Patent Document 2 a Non-Patent Document 2
- One aspect of the invention provides: [1] A composition for suppressing fat accumulation and / or promoting lipolysis, which comprises steviol and / or steviol glycosides. [1-1] A composition for suppressing fat accumulation and / or promoting lipolysis, which comprises steviol and / or steviol glycoside as an active ingredient. [2] The composition according to [1] or [1-1] for preventing obesity, improving obesity and / or reducing body fat. [3] The composition according to [1], [1-1] or [2] for a subject who does not have diabetes in response to insulin treatment.
- the present invention provides additional means for promoting lipolysis, suppressing fat accumulation and improving sugar uptake, expanding options for maintaining and promoting health and preventing and improving conditions involving fat accumulation. Furthermore, steviol is also useful for reducing already accumulated fat due to its lipolytic promoting action. Furthermore, since steviol promotes glucose uptake in cells, it can also be used for applications such as reducing blood glucose levels and improving glucose metabolism. In addition, steviol can be orally administered as a steviol glycoside, which is sometimes used as a sweetener and has a high affinity with foods, so it can be taken more easily than conventional drugs and promotes health for a wider range of people. Can contribute to.
- the values on the horizontal axis indicate the steviol concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and ISP indicates the positive control group.
- the vertical axis shows the relative amount of lipolysis when the negative control (No addition for ISP, DMSO for steviol) is 100%. *** indicates P ⁇ 0.001 by Student's t-test.
- the values on the horizontal axis indicate the steviol concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and LiCl indicates the positive control group.
- the vertical axis shows the relative fat accumulation amount when the negative control (DMSO) is 100.
- ### indicates P ⁇ 0.001 according to Student's t-test, *** and ** indicate P ⁇ 0.001 and P ⁇ 0.005 according to Dunnett's test, respectively.
- the values on the horizontal axis indicate the steviol concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and Metformin indicates the positive control group.
- the vertical axis shows the relative fat accumulation amount when the negative control (DMSO) is 100%.
- ### indicates P ⁇ 0.001, ***, ** and * by Student's t-test, respectively, and P ⁇ 0.001, P ⁇ 0.01, P ⁇ 0.05 by Dunnett's test.
- the values on the horizontal axis indicate the steviol concentration ( ⁇ g / mL), and Metformin indicates the positive control group.
- the vertical axis shows the relative TG amount when the negative control (DMSO) is 100%.
- ### indicates P ⁇ 0.001 according to Student's t-test, *** and * indicate P ⁇ 0.001 and P ⁇ 0.05 according to Dunnett's test, respectively.
- composition for suppressing lipolysis and / or promoting lipolysis which comprises a steviol and / or a source of steviol (for example, a steviol glycoside) (hereinafter, "promoting lipolysis of the present invention.” It may be referred to as “composition for suppressing fat accumulation” or “composition A of the present invention”).
- composition for suppressing fat accumulation or “composition A of the present invention”
- the present inventors have found for the first time that steviol has a fat accumulation inhibitory action and a lipolysis promoting action, and completed the composition A of the present invention. Therefore, steviol and its source can act as an active ingredient in the composition A of the present invention.
- Acting as an active ingredient in the composition A of the present invention is, for example, a composition A of the present invention and a control composition having the same composition as the composition A of the present invention except that it does not contain steviol and / or a source thereof.
- a composition A of the present invention suppresses fat accumulation and / or promotes fat decomposition as compared with the case of using the control composition. ..
- Steviol is an aglycone of steviol glycosides contained in Stevia rebaudiana.
- the source of steviol includes a substance that can provide steviol by the action of an enzyme in the living body (including an enzyme produced by bacteria in the living body) or the like when administered to the living body.
- the source of steviol is not limited, and examples thereof include steviol glycosides and glucuronic acid conjugates of steviol (steviol glucuronide).
- a steviol glycoside is a glycoside in which one or more sugars (for example, glucose, rhamnose, xylose, etc.) are bound to steviol.
- Non-limiting examples of steviol glycosides include, for example, rebaudioside A, rebaugioside B, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside E, rebaudioside F, rebaudioside I, rebaudioside J, rebaudioside K, rebaudioside M, rebaudioside Q, rebaudioside O, rebaudioside O Examples thereof include R, zulcoside A, rubusoside, steviol monoside, steviol bioside and stevioside.
- the steviol glycoside comprises a tasty one, such as rebaugioside D and rebaugioside M.
- rebaugioside may be abbreviated as “Reb”, “Reb.” Or “R”.
- rebaudioside A may be referred to herein as “RebA”, “Reb.A” or “RA”.
- steviol and steviol glycoside As the source of steviol and steviol (for example, steviol glycoside), a commercially available product may be used, or a product extracted or purified from stevia may be used. Techniques for extracting and purifying steviol and steviol glycosides from Stevia are known. For example, steviol and steviol glycosides can be extracted from fresh or dried leaves of steviol with an appropriate solvent (an aqueous solvent such as water or an organic solvent such as alcohol, ether and acetone) (extraction conditions and the like can be set. For example, see the method described in Ohta et al., J. Appl. Glycosci. 2010; 57 (3): 199-209 or WO 2010/038911, etc.).
- an appropriate solvent an aqueous solvent such as water or an organic solvent such as alcohol, ether and acetone
- ethyl acetate and other organic solvents water gradient, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography, time-of-flight mass analysis (TOF-MS), ultra-high.
- Performance Steviol and various steviol glycosolves can be purified by using known methods such as liquid chromatography (UPLC).
- UPLC liquid chromatography
- Steviol can be obtained by deglycosylation of steviol glycosides (for example, Shibata et al., Plant Physiol. 1991; 95 (1): 152-6, etc.).
- steviol glycosides especially those having a low content in stevia, are subjected to bioconversion in which a glycosyltransferase (for example, UDP sugar-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT)) is allowed to act on a stevia extract containing a steviol glycoside. , It is possible to increase its concentration.
- a glycosyltransferase for example, UDP sugar-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT)
- UDP sugar-dependent glycosyltransferase UDP sugar-dependent glycosyltransferase
- the steviol glycoside used in the composition A of the present invention is extracted and purified from Stevia without bioconversion. In another embodiment, the steviol glycoside used in the composition A of the present invention is extracted and purified from Stevia by a method including bioconversion.
- the steviol and the steviol source (for example, steviol glycoside) used in the composition A of the present invention are preferably those having a higher purity.
- the purity of steviol or the source of steviol (for example, steviol glycoside) used in the present invention is, for example, 90% or more, 90.5% or more, 91% or more, 91.5% or more, 92% or more.
- the purity of steviol or a source of steviol may be indexed by, for example, a peak area ratio in chromatography such as HPLC or GC.
- the composition A of the present invention may contain steviol, a source of steviol (eg, steviol glycoside), or a combination of steviol and a source of steviol (eg, steviol glycoside).
- the blending ratio of steviol, a steviol source (for example, steviol glycoside), or a combination of steviol and a steviol source (for example, steviol glycoside) in the composition A of the present invention is based on the mass of the entire composition A.
- Lipolysis means that cells having the ability to accumulate fat (for example, adipocytes, hepatocytes, muscle cells, etc.) decompose the accumulated fat and release it extracellularly (sometimes called lipolysis). ).
- the promotion of lipolysis by the composition A of the present invention causes, for example, the composition A of the present invention to act when the composition A of the present invention is allowed to act on cells having a fat storage ability cultured under fat accumulation conditions. It can be evaluated by the fact that the amount of lipolytic products released into the medium is larger than that in the case where the mixture is not allowed to be used.
- the promotion of lipolysis is carried out by adding a fatty acid such as a fatty acid precursor cell differentiation medium or a fatty acid to a cell having a fat storage ability under fat storage conditions as described in Examples described later. After culturing in (under the medium), it is incubated with the composition A of the present invention, and the lipolytic products (fatty acids, glycerol, etc.) released into the medium after a predetermined time (for example, after 24 hours) are detected by a detection reagent or the like and quantified. It can be evaluated by converting it to.
- a fatty acid such as a fatty acid precursor cell differentiation medium or a fatty acid
- the degree of promotion of lipolysis was treated with the composition A of the present invention, for example, when the amount of the lipolytic product released under the same conditions was 100% except that the composition A of the present invention was not used.
- the amount of lipolysis in cells is 102% or more, 105% or more, 108% or more, 110% or more, 112% or more, 115% or more, 118% or more, 120% or more, 122% or more, 125% or more, 128. % Or more, or 130% or more, and the higher the value, the more preferable.
- Fat accumulation means that cells having the ability to accumulate fat take up extracellular free fatty acids and the like, synthesize fat, and accumulate it inside the cell.
- the amount of intracellular fat is smaller than that in the case where the composition A of the present invention is not used. It can be evaluated by.
- the suppression of fat accumulation is performed by culturing cells having a fat accumulation ability together with the composition A of the present invention under fat accumulation conditions as described in Examples described later, and after a predetermined time (for example, 10 days later).
- Fat mass is 95% or less, 90% or less, 85% or less, 80% or less, 75% or less, 70% or less, 65% or less, 60% or less, 55% or less, 50% or less, 45% or less, or 40 It may be less than%, and the lower the value, the more preferable.
- composition A of the present invention can be used for treating various conditions in which fat accumulation is involved. Accordingly, the present invention also relates to compositions for the treatment of conditions involving fat accumulation, including steviol and / or sources of steviol (eg, steviol glycosides).
- the condition includes a disease and a condition that is not diagnosed as a disease but is unhealthy.
- the conditions in which fat accumulation is involved are not limited to, for example, obesity, fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, coronary cardiac disease, arteriosclerosis, arrhythmia, myocardial angiopathy (triglyceride accumulation type myocardial angiopathy (TGCV), etc.) ), Sudden cardiac death, respiratory sleep disorders (sleep apnea syndrome, etc.), osteoarthritis, hypertension, insulin resistance, leptin resistance, dyslipidemia, efferent cardiac hypertrophy, concentric hypertrophy, heart failure, Metabolic syndrome, etc. (Kopelman, Nature. 2000; 404 (6778): 635-43, Izquierdo et al., Nutrients. 2019; 11 (11).
- Fatty liver includes alcoholic fatty liver (one of alcoholic liver diseases) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and NAFLD includes simple fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
- NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- the condition involving fat accumulation is a disease other than diabetes or its complications.
- a condition involving fat accumulation is a disease in which insulin treatment is less effective.
- the composition A of the present invention is used for subjects who do not have diabetes in response to insulin treatment (eg, type 1 diabetes).
- the composition A of the present invention is used for subjects exhibiting insulin resistance.
- the composition A of the present invention is used for a method of treating a condition in which fat accumulation is involved without controlling the amount of energy intake. Not controlling the amount of energy intake includes, for example, not restricting the diet and continuing the conventional diet (for example, before the start of treatment). Since the lipolysis promoting action and the fat accumulation suppressing action of steviol revealed this time are not mediated by insulin, the composition A of the present invention can exert its effect independently of insulin. Therefore, it can be used for the above-mentioned diseases in which the therapeutic effect of insulin cannot be expected. Furthermore, the composition A of the present invention does not suppress appetite like many anti-obesity drugs, but acts directly on cells having a fat storage ability, so that fat accumulation is involved without impairing the enjoyment of eating and drinking. The condition can be treated.
- composition A of the present invention can also be used for reducing body fat for the purpose of promoting health, weight loss, prevention of obesity, maintenance or improvement of body shape, and the like.
- This application includes not only medical applications but also non-medical applications such as beauty applications, sports applications, and fitness applications.
- composition for promoting sugar uptake Another aspect of the present invention is a composition comprising steviol and / or a source of steviol (eg, steviol glycoside) for promoting sugar uptake, reducing blood glucose and / or improving glucose metabolism (hereinafter, "" It may be referred to as "the composition for promoting sugar uptake of the present invention” or “the composition B of the present invention”).
- steviol eg, steviol glycoside
- the composition for promoting sugar uptake of the present invention or “the composition B of the present invention”
- the present inventors have discovered for the first time that steviol has a sugar uptake promoting action, and completed the composition B of the present invention. Therefore, steviol and its source can act as an active ingredient in composition B of the present invention.
- Acting as an active ingredient in the composition B of the present invention is, for example, a composition B of the present invention and a control composition having the same composition as the composition B of the present invention except that it does not contain steviol and / or a source thereof.
- a composition B of the present invention and a control composition having the same composition as the composition B of the present invention except that it does not contain steviol and / or a source thereof.
- the source, purity, blending amount and the like of steviol and the source of steviol (for example, steviol glycoside) in the composition B of the present invention are as described above for the composition A of the present invention.
- Sugar uptake means that cells having the ability to take up sugar (for example, adipocytes) take up sugar (glucose) into the cells.
- the promotion of sugar uptake by the composition B of the present invention can be evaluated by changing the index regarding sugar uptake as compared with the case where the composition B of the present invention is not used.
- glucose-related substances that are not metabolized by glycolysis for example, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-) Benzoxadiazol-4-yl) amino] -D-glucose (2-NBDG), etc.
- the intracellular glucose-related substance or a derivative thereof for example, 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (2DG6P)) after administration. Etc.), etc.
- the promotion of sugar uptake is carried out by treating cells (eg, adipocytes, etc.) with the composition B of the present invention, administering 2DG for a predetermined time (eg, about), as described in Examples below.
- 2DG6P present in the cells can be detected by a detection reagent and quantified.
- the rate of change of the index is 5 with respect to the index obtained under the same conditions except that the composition B of the present invention was not used.
- % Or more 10% or more, 15% or more, 20% or more, 25% or more, 30% or more, 35% or more, 40% or more, 45% or more, 50% or more, 55% or more, 60% or more, 65% or more , 70% or more, 75% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, or 100% or more, and the larger the value, the more preferable.
- the composition B of the present invention can also be used to treat a condition improved by promoting sugar uptake. Accordingly, the present invention also relates to compositions for the treatment of conditions that are ameliorated by enhanced glucose uptake, including steviol and / or sources of steviol (eg, steviol glycosides). Conditions that are improved by promoting glucose uptake include, but are not limited to, diabetes, abnormal glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia, and the like. In one aspect, the condition improved by promoting glucose uptake is a condition in which insulin responsiveness is low. In another embodiment, the composition B of the present invention is used for subjects who do not have diabetes in response to insulin treatment (eg, type 1 diabetes). In another embodiment, the composition B of the present invention is used for subjects exhibiting insulin resistance. Since the sugar uptake promoting action of steviol revealed this time is not mediated by insulin, the composition B of the present invention can exert its effect independently of insulin. Therefore, it can be used even in a state where the therapeutic effect of insulin cannot be expected as described above.
- steviol
- compositions A and B of the present invention may have any shape, for example, solid (for example, powder, granular), paste. It may be in the form of a gel, gel or liquid.
- composition of the present invention can take various forms.
- the composition of the present invention can take the form of foods, food additives, pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, cosmetics, etc., or can be used as a raw material for producing these products.
- the present invention comprises suppressing steviol and / or a source of steviol (eg, steviol glycoside), suppressing fat accumulation, promoting lipolysis, treating conditions involving fat accumulation, reducing body fat, promoting sugar uptake, Foods, food additives, pharmaceuticals, non-pharmaceutical products or cosmetics, or raw materials for the products, for use in applications selected from treatments for conditions that are improved by reducing blood glucose levels, improving glucose metabolism and promoting sugar uptake.
- a source of steviol eg, steviol glycoside
- food is a general term for edible products, and includes foods specified in each country / region.
- the foods in the present invention include, for example, general foods in Japan (including health foods such as functional foods, nutritional supplements, health supplements, and natural foods), health functional foods (foods for specified health use, foods with functional claims, nutrition). Includes functional foods), special-purpose foods (foods for specified health use, foods for the sick, pregnant women, powdered milk for lactating women, prepared milk for infants, foods for people with swallowing difficulties, etc.).
- the food in the present invention also includes foods for infants, prepared milks for premature babies, foods for the elderly, foods for nursing care, foods for medical use and the like.
- Dietary supplements are foods that are fortified with specific nutritional components.
- Health foods are foods that are healthy or good for health, and include dietary supplements, natural foods, diet foods, and the like.
- Functional foods are foods for supplementing nutritional components that perform the regulation function of the body.
- Infant food refers to food to be given to children up to about 6 years old.
- Foods for the elderly are foods that have been processed so that they are easier to digest and absorb than untreated foods.
- Infant formula refers to formula for feeding to children up to about 1 year old.
- Premature infant formula refers to formula for premature infants to be fed until about 6 months of age.
- the form of the food is not particularly limited and may be in various forms. Examples of such forms include beverages, supplements, non-beverage foods and the like.
- the beverage may be either an alcoholic beverage or a non-alcoholic beverage.
- Non-alcoholic beverages include, for example, non-alcoholic beer, malt beverage, lactic acid bacterium beverage, fermented beverage, cocoa beverage, sports drink, nutritional drink, tea-based beverage (for example, green tea, oolong tea, brown rice tea, tea and other tea beverages, wheat tea).
- soy milk or soy drinks, etc. flavored water and the like.
- the alcoholic beverage refers to a beverage containing an alcoholic raw material, and may be chu-hi.
- the alcohol raw material include brewed liquor, distilled liquor, and mixed liquor.
- brewed liquor include wine and beer.
- distilled liquor include spirits (for example, gin, wokka, lamb, tequila, new spirits (liquor in which less than 10% of undiluted whiskey is mixed), alcohol for raw materials, etc.), liqueurs, whiskey (for example). For example, whiskey, brandy, etc.), spirit, etc. can be mentioned.
- the alcoholic beverage may contain a detectable amount of alcohol, for example, 1% by volume or more, 2% by volume or more, 3% by volume or more, 4% by volume or more, and 5% by volume or more of alcohol. .. Beverages include those of various calories. Preferred beverages are low-calorie beverages (less than 20 kcal / 100 mL) or non-caloric beverages (less than 5 kcal / 100 mL).
- Non-beverage foods include, but are not limited to, for example, noodles (soba, udon, Chinese noodles, instant noodles, etc.), tofu, confectionery (candy, gum, chocolate, snacks, biscuits, cookies, gummy, cakes, wafers, etc.
- Sweet bread, chocolate, Japanese sweets, etc.), breads, marine or livestock processed foods kamaboko, ham, sausage, etc.
- dairy products Fermented milk, butter, cheese, yogurt, guys, etc.
- fats and oils and processed fats and oils (salad oil, tempura)
- Examples include chilled confectionery (ice cream, sherbet, shaved ice, etc.), powdered foods (powdered beverages, powdered soups, etc.), and enteric liquid foods.
- Preferred foods in the present invention include beverages, supplements and the like.
- Food additives are products that are added to food raw materials when producing foods, and can take the form of, for example, powders, granules, liquids, pastes, and the like.
- Examples of pharmaceuticals include various dosage forms.
- dosage forms suitable for oral administration include, without limitation, powders, granules, tablets, capsules, liquids, suspensions, emulsions, gels, chewables, syrups, and the like.
- Dosage forms suitable for oral administration include injections (eg, solution injections, suspension injections, emulsion injections, time-prepared injections, etc.), ointments, creams, lotions, wetclothes, etc. Examples thereof include patches, eye drops, nasal drops, inhalants, and sprays.
- Quasi-drugs include, but are not limited to, dentifrices, mouth refreshers, antiperspirants, medicated cosmetics, hair colors, sanitary napkins, and the like.
- cosmetics include, but are not limited to, facial cleansers, makeup removers, lotions, beauty essences, facial masks, sunscreens, and the like.
- composition of the present invention may contain components other than steviol and a source of steviol (for example, steviol glycoside).
- a source of steviol for example, steviol glycoside
- Such components may vary depending on the form, use, usage, etc. of the composition of the present invention, but non-limiting examples thereof include, for example, sweeteners, excipients, binders, disintegrants, coating agents, and lubricants. , Colorants, flavoring agents, stabilizers, absorption promoters, pH adjusters, preservatives, antioxidants, fragrances, vitamins, trace metal components and the like.
- sweeteners include natural sweeteners, sugar alcohols, artificial sweeteners, high-sweetness sweeteners, low-calorie sweeteners, and the like. More specifically, for example, glucose, D-fructose, galactose, mannose, ribose, xylose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, arabinose, rare sugars (eg, D-tagatos, D-sorbose, D-psicose).
- L-fructose L-allulose (L-psicose), L-tagatos, L-sorbose, altrose, D-allose, tarose, glucose, growth, etc.
- peptide-based sweeteners eg, aspartame, neotheme, alitame) Etc.
- sucrose derivatives eg, sucrose, etc.
- synthetic sweeteners eg, assesulfam K, saccharin, advantage, ticulo, zultin, etc.
- sugar alcohols eg, erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, martitol, mannitol, etc.
- Monerin Curculin, Brazein, Somatin, Taumarin, Mabinlin, Brazein, Pentazine, Hernanzultin, 4 ⁇ -Hydroxyhernanzultin, Miraclin, Glycyrrhizin, Philo
- a food additive may be included as another component.
- Food additives include, for example, excipients (eg, wheat starch, corn starch, cellulose, lactose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, pregelatinized starch, casein, magnesium silicate aluminate, calcium silicate, etc.).
- Binding agents eg, pregelatinized starch, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.
- disintegrants eg, cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, corn starch, etc.
- fluidizers eg, light anhydrous silicic acid, etc.
- fats and oils eg, light anhydrous silicic acid, etc.
- vegetable oils such as soybean oil, sesame oil, olive oil, flaxseed oil, sesame oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, corn oil or oils derived from animals and fish
- nutrients for example, various minerals, various vitamins, amino acids
- fragrances Sweeteners, flavoring agents, colorants, solvents (eg ethanol), salts, pH adjusters, buffers, antioxidants, stabilizers, cellulosists, thickeners, lubricants, encapsulants, suspensions
- examples include turbidants, coating agents, preservatives, emulsifiers and the like.
- composition of the present invention is a pharmaceutical product or a quasi-drug
- pharmaceutically acceptable additives for example, surfactants, carriers, diluents, excipients, etc.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable additives are well known in the pharmaceutical field, such as Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th Ed., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA (1990), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Are listed.
- the composition of the present invention is produced by mixing a steviol and / or a source of steviol (for example, a steviol glycoside) with other components as described above, if necessary, and processing the mixture into a desired form. be able to.
- composition of the present invention can be used in a mode suitable for each form.
- food can be ingested orally or by parenteral nutritional routes such as nasal and intestinal.
- the food additive can be used in the same route as the food in the state of being contained in the food.
- the drug is administered according to the dosage form, for example, oral, buccal, intraoral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, topical, rectal, intra-articular, intra-arterial, intra-arterial, without limitation.
- Quasi-drugs and cosmetics can also be used by a method of use according to the form, for example, application to the skin or gargling.
- the intake (dose, dose) of steviol and / or the source of steviol is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the age, weight, health condition, etc. of the subject to be ingested.
- the daily intake is 0.001 mg or more (for example, 0.001 to 10,000 mg), 0.01 mg or more (for example, 0.05 to 5,000 mg), 0.1 mg or more (for example, 0). It may be .5 to 1,000 mg), 1 mg or more (for example, 5 to 500 mg), and the like.
- the timing of use of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, before meals, during meals, after meals, between meals, before bedtime, and the like.
- Such indications are improved by, for example, suppression of fat accumulation, promotion of lipolysis, treatment of conditions involving fat accumulation, reduction of body fat, promotion of sugar uptake, reduction of blood glucose level, improvement of glucose metabolism and promotion of sugar uptake. There are treatments for these conditions, or indications that can be equated with these.
- the state in which fat accumulation is involved and the state in which sugar uptake is promoted are as described above for the composition of the present invention.
- the term "subject” means any biological individual, preferably an animal, more preferably a mammal, even more preferably a human, in which the compositions of the invention can exert the desired effect.
- the subject may be healthy (eg, not having a specific or arbitrary disease) or suffer from any disease, but typically when treatment of the disease or the like is intended. Means a subject who has or is at risk of developing the disease.
- treatment shall include all types of medically acceptable prophylactic and / or therapeutic interventions aimed at the cure, temporary remission or prevention of a disease.
- treatment includes medically acceptable interventions for a variety of purposes, including delaying or stopping the progression of a disease, regressing or eliminating lesions, preventing the onset or recurrence of the disease, and the like. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases.
- Another aspect of the invention comprises administering to a subject in need of an effective amount of steviol and / or a source of steviol (eg, steviol glycoside), which suppresses lipolysis in the subject, fat. Promotes degradation, treats conditions involving lipolysis, reduces body fat, promotes sugar uptake, reduces blood sugar levels, improves glucose metabolism, or is improved by promoting sugar uptake Regarding how to treat the condition.
- An effective amount of a steviol and / or steviol source (eg, steviol glycoside) in the method of the invention is that of a steviol and / or steviol source (eg, steviol glycoside) capable of achieving the effect according to the method.
- the effective amount of steviol and / or steviol source (eg, steviol glycoside) in the methods of the invention is 0.001 mg or more (eg, 0.001 to 10,000 mg) per day, 0. It may be 01 mg or more (for example, 0.05 to 5,000 mg), 0.1 mg or more (for example, 0.5 to 1,000 mg), 1 mg or more (for example, 5 to 500 mg), and the like.
- other components in the method of the present invention such as steviol and sources of steviol (eg, steviol glycosides), target diseases and conditions, etc., are as described above for the compositions of the present invention.
- Another aspect of the present invention is improved by suppressing fat accumulation, promoting lipolysis, treating a condition involving fat accumulation, reducing body fat, promoting sugar uptake, reducing blood glucose level, improving glucose metabolism and promoting sugar uptake.
- steviol and / or sources of steviol for use in the treatment of conditions eg, steviol glycosides.
- Each component in this embodiment is as described above for the composition of the present invention.
- Another aspect of the present invention is improved by suppressing fat accumulation, promoting lipolysis, treating a condition involving fat accumulation, reducing body fat, promoting sugar uptake, reducing blood glucose level, improving glucose metabolism and promoting sugar uptake.
- steviol and / or sources of steviol eg, steviol glycosides
- Each component in this embodiment is as described above for the composition of the present invention.
- Example 1 Examination of cytotoxicity of steviol on adipocytes Steviol was obtained by the following method. Sodium periodate was added to a container containing stevioside (Cat. No. S0594, Tokyo Chemical Industry or Cat. No. S623, AK Scientific) and purified water, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Potassium hydroxide was added at an internal temperature of 5 to 10 ° C. under ice cooling, and the mixture was heated at an internal temperature of 100 to 102 ° C. for 2 hours. After confirming the completion of the reaction by HPLC, acetic acid was added under ice-cooling at an internal temperature of 10 to 13 ° C.
- stevioside Cat. No. S0594, Tokyo Chemical Industry or Cat. No. S623, AK Scientific
- the mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the obtained organic layer was washed with 10% aqueous sodium sulfite solution and then with brine. After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure at 40 ° C. to obtain a crude product of a yellow solid. Methanol was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for about 15 minutes, purified water was added, and the solid was collected by filtration. The solid collected by filtration was dried at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a white solid. This was dissolved in acetone at 50 ° C. and clarified and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain the desired steviol (purity 98% (HPLC), acetone 0.5 wt%). The steviol thus obtained was used in the following experiments.
- Normal human subcutaneous preadipocytes (Cat. No. PT-5020, Lonza) 5 ⁇ 10 5 pieces of at T75 flasks, the growth medium (10% FBS, 2mM L- glutamine, 50 [mu] g / mL gentamicin, 37 ng / mL amphotericin -B-added PBM-2 medium, Cat. No. PT-8002, Lonza) was used and pre-cultured in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 , the same applies hereinafter) for 6 days.
- the growth medium (10% FBS, 2mM L- glutamine, 50 [mu] g / mL gentamicin, 37 ng / mL amphotericin -B-added PBM-2 medium, Cat. No. PT-8002, Lonza
- Cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, seeded on 96-well plates at 10,000 cells / 100 ⁇ L / well using growth medium and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator. The next day, the medium was a differentiation medium (10% FBS) to which various concentrations of steviol (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 ⁇ g / mL, dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%) were added.
- a differentiation medium (10% FBS) to which various concentrations of steviol (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 ⁇ g / mL, dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%) were added.
- a solvent control in which DMSO having a final concentration of 0.1% was added to the differentiation medium was used.
- Example 2 Examination of lipolysis promoting effect of steviol on adipocytes
- normal human subcutaneous preadipocytes were pre-cultured using a growth medium.
- Cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, seeded on 96-well plates at 10,000 cells / 100 ⁇ L / well using growth medium and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator.
- the next day the cells were replaced with a differentiation medium (100 ⁇ L) and cultured in a CO 2 incubator for 10 days to induce differentiation into adipocytes.
- the medium was replaced with fresh differentiation medium (100 ⁇ L).
- the medium was replaced with a differentiation medium supplemented with various concentrations of steviol (10, 30 or 100 ⁇ g / mL, dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%), cultured in a CO 2 incubator for 24 hours, and then cultured.
- the amount of free glycerol in the supernatant was measured using the Adipolysis Assay Kit (Cat. No. 10009381, Cayman) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
- a plate reader VARIOSKAN FLASH, Thermo Fisher Scientific was used to measure the absorbance (540 nm), and the relative free glycerol concentration was calculated.
- a differentiation medium supplemented with 10 ⁇ M isoproterenol (ISP), as a negative control, a solvent control (DMSO) in which DMSO having a final concentration of 0.1% was added to the differentiation medium, and a non-addition control containing only the differentiation medium (No). addition) was used.
- a significant difference test was performed between the comparative test groups (non-addition group vs. positive control group, solvent control group vs. steviol-added group) by Student's t-test. A two-sided test was performed, and P ⁇ 0.05 was considered significant.
- Table 2 and FIG. 2 show, steviol promoted lipolysis in adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner.
- Example 3 Examination of fat accumulation inhibitory effect of steviol on adipocytes
- normal human subcutaneous preadipocytes were pre-cultured using a growth medium.
- Cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, seeded on 96-well plates at 10,000 cells / 100 ⁇ L / well using growth medium and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator.
- the medium was replaced with 100 ⁇ L of differentiation medium supplemented with various concentrations of steviol (12.5, 25, 50, 100 or 200 ⁇ g / mL, dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%) and 10 in a CO 2 incubator.
- the cells were cultured for one day to induce differentiation into adipocytes.
- the medium was replaced with fresh medium (100 ⁇ L) having the same composition as above.
- a differentiation medium to which 25 mM LiCl (Cat. No. SML0559, Sigma-Aldrich) was added
- a differentiation medium to which DMSO having a final concentration of 0.1% was added was used.
- cells cultured in the growth medium were used as an untreated fat accumulation control. After culturing, oil red staining was performed. Specifically, the cells were washed twice with 100 ⁇ L DPBS (Cat. No. 14190250, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and then fixed with 100 ⁇ L of 10% formalin solution (Cat. No.
- Example 4 Examination of sugar uptake promoting effect of steviol on adipocytes
- normal human subcutaneous preadipocytes were pre-cultured using a growth medium.
- Cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, seeded on 96-well plates at 10,000 cells / 100 ⁇ L / well using growth medium and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator.
- the next day the cells were replaced with a differentiation medium (100 ⁇ L) and cultured in a CO 2 incubator for 10 days to induce differentiation into adipocytes.
- the medium was replaced with fresh differentiation medium (100 ⁇ L).
- the medium was replaced with 100 ⁇ L of serum-free medium (2 mM L-glutamine, 50 ⁇ g / mL gentamicin, 37 ng / mL amphotericin-B-added PBM-2 medium, Cat. No. PT-8002, Lonza), and 18 in a CO 2 incubator. Cultured for hours. The medium was then dissolved in various concentrations of steviol (10, 30 or 100 ⁇ g / mL, dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%) in glucose-free serum-free medium (DMEM, no glucose, Cat. No. 11966025). , Thermo Fisher Scientific) 100 ⁇ L and cultured in a CO 2 incubator for 4 hours.
- serum-free medium 2 mM L-glutamine, 50 ⁇ g / mL gentamicin, 37 ng / mL amphotericin-B-added PBM-2 medium, Cat. No. PT-8002, Lonza
- steviol 10
- a glucose-free serum-free medium to which 100 ⁇ M acadesine (AICAR, Cat. No. A9978, Sigma-Aldrich) was added
- AICAR 100 ⁇ M acadesine
- a glucose-free serum-free medium with a final concentration of 0.1% DMSO The solvent control to which the above was added and the non-additional control containing only the serum-free medium without glucose were used.
- Glucose Uptake-Glo Assay kit (Cat.No.J1341, Promega) according to the following procedure. was measured.
- Example 5 steviol by cytotoxicity studies HepG2 cells to liver cells (Cat. No. JCRB1054, JCRB) 5 ⁇ 10 5 pieces of at T75 flasks, the growth medium (10% FBS (Cat. No. 172012, Precultured in CO 2 incubator for 5 days using DMEM (high glucose, Cat. No. D5796, Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with Sigma-Aldrich) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Cat. No. 09367-34, Nacalai tesque). did.
- FBS high glucose, Cat. No. D5796, Sigma-Aldrich
- DMEM high glucose, Cat. No. D5796, Sigma-Aldrich
- penicillin-streptomycin Cat. No. 09367-34, Nacalai tesque
- Cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, seeded on 96-well plates with growth medium at 10,000 cells / 100 ⁇ L / well and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator. The next day, the medium was replaced with 100 ⁇ L of growth medium supplemented with various concentrations of steviol (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 ⁇ g / mL, dissolved in DMSO at a final concentration of 0.1%). The cells were cultured in a CO 2 incubator for 24 hours. As a negative control, a solvent control in which DMSO having a final concentration of 0.1% was added to the growth medium was used. The number of living cells was measured by the WST-8 method.
- the medium of each well after culturing is replaced with 100 ⁇ L of growth medium supplemented with 1/10 amount of the viable cell number measuring reagent SF , incubated in a CO 2 incubator, and after 30 minutes and 90 minutes, a plate is used.
- Absorbance 450 nm, reference wavelength 630 nm
- VARIOSKAN FLASH Thermo Fisher Scientific
- the difference in absorbance per 60 minutes was taken as the relative viable cell number.
- no particular cytotoxicity was observed even when 100 ⁇ g / mL steviol was added.
- Example 6 Examination of the inhibitory effect of steviol on the accumulation of fat and triglyceride in hepatocytes HepG2 cells were pre-cultured using a growth medium in the same manner as in Example 5. Cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, seeded in 96-well plates at 30,000 cells / 100 ⁇ L / well with growth medium and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator. The next day, the medium was added with various concentrations of steviol (dissolved in 12.5, 25, 50, 100 or 200 ⁇ g / mL, final concentration 0.1% DMSO) (0.2 mM oleic acid (Cat. No)).
- TG triglyceride
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Abstract
Description
[1]
ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を含む、脂肪蓄積抑制及び/又は脂肪分解促進のための組成物。
[1-1]
ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を有効成分として含む、脂肪蓄積抑制及び/又は脂肪分解促進のための組成物。
[2]
肥満の予防、肥満の改善及び/又は体脂肪の低減のための、[1]又は[1-1]に記載の組成物。
[3]
インスリン治療に反応する糖尿病を有しない対象のための、[1]、[1-1]又は[2]に記載の組成物。
[4]
ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を含む、インスリン抵抗性を有する対象における、血糖値低減、糖取込促進及び/又は糖代謝改善のための組成物。
[4-1]
ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を有効成分として含む、インスリン抵抗性を有する対象における、血糖値低減、糖取込促進及び/又は糖代謝改善のための組成物。
[5]
ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を含む、アルコール性肝疾患又は非アルコール性脂肪性肝疾患の処置のための組成物。
[5-1]
ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を有効成分として含む、アルコール性肝疾患又は非アルコール性脂肪性肝疾患の処置のための組成物。
[6]
経口摂取用である、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
[7]
飲料である、[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
なお、本明細書において引用した全ての文献、及び公開公報、特許公報その他の特許文献は、参照として本明細書に組み込むものとする。また、本明細書は、2019年12月27日に出願された本願優先権主張の基礎となる日本国特許出願(特願2019-238968号)の明細書および図面に記載の内容を包含する。
本発明の一態様は、ステビオール及び/又はステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)を含む、脂肪蓄積抑制及び/又は脂肪分解促進のための組成物(以下、「本発明の脂肪分解促進・脂肪蓄積抑制用組成物」又は「本発明の組成物A」と称することがある)に関する。
本発明者らは、ステビオールが脂肪蓄積抑制作用及び脂肪分解促進作用を有することを初めて見出し、本発明の組成物Aを完成させた。したがって、ステビオールおよびその給源は、本発明の組成物Aにおいて有効成分として作用することができる。本発明の組成物Aにおいて有効成分として作用することは、例えば、本発明の組成物Aと、ステビオール及び/又はその給源を含まない以外は本発明の組成物Aと同じ組成の対照組成物を比較したときに、本発明の組成物Aを用いた方が対照組成物を用いたときよりも脂肪蓄積が抑制されること、及び/又は、脂肪分解が促進されることにより確認することができる。
ステビオールの給源は、生体に投与されたときに、生体内の酵素(生体内の細菌等が産生する酵素を含む)等の作用によりステビオールを提供し得る物質を含む。ステビオールの給源としては、限定されずに、例えば、ステビオール配糖体及びステビオールのグルクロン酸抱合体(ステビオールグルクロニド)等が挙げられる。ステビオール配糖体は、ステビオールに1以上の糖(例えば、グルコース、ラムノース、キシロースなど)が結合した配糖体である。ステビオール配糖体の非限定例としては、例えば、レバウジオシドA、レバウジオシドB、レバウジオシドD、レバウジオシドE、レバウジオシドF、レバウジオシドI、レバウジオシドJ、レバウジオシドK、レバウジオシドM、レバウジオシドN、レバウジオシドO、レバウジオシドQ、レバウジオシドR、ズルコシドA、ルブソシド、ステビオールモノシド、ステビオールビオシド及びステビオシド等が挙げられる。好ましい態様において、ステビオール配糖体は、良味質のもの、例えば、レバウジオシドD及びレバウジオシドM等を含む。なお、本明細書中、レバウジオシドは「Reb」、「Reb.」又は「R」と略すことがある。例えばレバウジオシドAは、本明細書中「RebA」、「Reb.A」又は「RA」と表記されることがある。ステビオール配糖体は、経口摂取されると、大腸の細菌によりステビオールに分解され、体内に吸収される。したがって、ステビオール配糖体は大腸を経由することで、ステビオールの給源となる。
本発明の別の態様は、ステビオール及び/又はステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)を含む、糖取込の促進、血糖値低減及び/又は糖代謝改善のための組成物(以下、「本発明の糖取込促進用組成物」又は「本発明の組成物B」と称することがある)に関する。
本発明者らは、ステビオールが糖取込促進作用を有することを初めて見出し、本発明の組成物Bを完成させた。したがって、ステビオールおよびその給源は、本発明の組成物Bにおいて有効成分として作用することができる。本発明の組成物Bにおいて有効成分として作用することは、例えば、本発明の組成物Bと、ステビオール及び/又はその給源を含まない以外は本発明の組成物Bと同じ組成の対照組成物を比較したときに、本発明の組成物Bを用いた方が対照組成物を用いたときよりも糖取込が促進されることにより確認することができる。
本発明の組成物Bにおけるステビオール及びステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)のソース、純度、配合量等については、本発明の組成物Aについて上記したとおりである。
ノンアルコール飲料としては、例えば、ノンアルコールビール、麦芽飲料、乳酸菌飲料、発酵飲料、ココア飲料、スポーツドリンク、栄養ドリンク、茶系飲料(例えば、緑茶、ウーロン茶、玄米茶、紅茶等の茶飲料、麦茶、ハト麦茶、ゴマ麦茶、そば茶、さくら茶、甘茶、ハーブティー等の茶外茶飲料など)、清涼飲料、コーヒー飲料(容器詰コーヒー、リキッドコーヒーなど)、炭酸飲料(例えば、コーラフレーバー飲料、透明炭酸飲料、ジンジャエール、果汁系炭酸飲料、乳類入炭酸飲料又は無糖炭酸飲料など)、機能性飲料(例えば、スポーツドリンク、エナジードリンク、健康サポート飲料及びパウチゼリー飲料など)、果実・野菜系飲料(例えば、100%果汁飲料、果実入り飲料、低果汁入清涼飲料、果粒含有果実飲料又は果肉飲料など)、乳性飲料(例えば、牛乳、ドリンクヨーグルト、乳酸菌飲料又は乳類入清涼飲料など)、豆乳飲料(例えば、豆乳又は大豆飲料など)、フレーバーウォーター等が挙げられる。
飲料は、種々のカロリーのものを含む。好ましい飲料は、低カロリー飲料(20kcal/100mL未満)、又はノンカロリー飲料(5kcal/100mL未満)である。
本発明における好ましい食品としては、飲料、サプリメントなどが挙げられる。
医薬品としては、種々の剤形のものが挙げられる。例えば、経口投与に適した剤形としては、限定することなく、散剤、顆粒剤、錠剤、カプセル剤、液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤、ゲル剤、チュアブル剤、シロップ剤などが挙げられ、また非経口投与に適した剤形としては、注射剤(例えば、溶液性注射剤、懸濁性注射剤、乳濁性注射剤、用時調製型注射剤等)、軟膏、クリーム剤、ローション、湿布、パッチ剤、点眼剤、点鼻剤、吸入剤、噴霧剤等が挙げられる。
医薬部外品としては、限定されずに、例えば、歯磨、口中清涼剤、制汗剤、薬用化粧品、ヘアカラー、生理用ナプキン等の形態が挙げられる。
化粧品としては、限定されずに、例えば、洗顔料、メーク落とし、化粧水、美容液、パック、日焼け止め等が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は、ステビオール及び/又はステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)を、必要に応じて上述したような他の成分と混合し、所望の形態に加工することなどにより製造することができる。
本発明の組成物の使用のタイミングは、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、食前、食中、食後、食間、就寝前などであってよい。
本明細書において、用語「処置」は、疾患の治癒、一時的寛解又は予防などを目的とする医学的に許容される全ての種類の予防的及び/又は治療的介入を包含するものとする。例えば、「処置」は、疾患の進行の遅延又は停止、病変の退縮又は消失、当該疾患発症の予防又は再発の防止などを含む、種々の目的の医学的に許容される介入を包含する。したがって、本発明の組成物は、疾患の治療及び/又は予防に用いることができる。
本発明の方法におけるステビオール及び/又はステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)の有効量は、その方法に係る効果を達成し得るステビオール及び/又はステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)の量を含み、本発明の組成物について上記した評価手法や、対象とする疾患や状態に係る既知の動物モデルを用いた実験などにより決定することができる。特定の態様において、本発明の方法におけるステビオール及び/又はステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)の有効量は、一日当たり0.001mg以上(例えば、0.001~10,000mg)、0.01mg以上(例えば、0.05~5,000mg)、0.1mg以上(例えば、0.5~1,000mg)、1mg以上(例えば、5~500mg)などであってよい。
また、本発明の方法における他の構成要素、例えば、ステビオール及びステビオールの給源(例えば、ステビオール配糖体)、対象とする疾患や状態などは、本発明の組成物について上記したとおりである。
ステビオールは次の手法により得た。ステビオシド(Cat. No. S0594、Tokyo Chemical Industry又はCat. No. S623、AK Scientific)と精製水を入れた容器に過ヨウ素酸ナトリウムを添加し、室温で一晩攪拌した。氷冷下、内温5~10℃で水酸化カリウムを添加し、内温100~102℃で2時間加熱した。HPLCにて反応の終了を確認後、氷冷下、内温10~13℃で酢酸を添加した。次に、酢酸エチルで3回抽出し、得られた有機層を10%亜硫酸ナトリウム水溶液、次いで塩水で洗浄した。無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、40℃で減圧濃縮し黄色固体の粗生成物を得た。これにメタノールを添加して約15分撹拌後、精製水を加え、固体をろ取した。ろ取した固体を50℃にて一晩乾燥し、白色固体を得た。これを50℃でアセトンに溶解し、清澄濾過した。濾液を濃縮し、得られた固体を50℃で一晩減圧乾燥し、目的のステビオールを得た(純度98%(HPLC)、アセトン0.5wt%)。こうして得たステビオールを以下の実験に使用した
実施例1と同様に正常ヒト皮下前駆脂肪細胞を増殖培地を用いて前培養した。0.25%トリプシン-EDTAを用いて細胞を剥離し、増殖培地を用いて96ウェルプレートに10,000個/100μL/ウェルで播種し、CO2インキュベーターで一晩培養した。翌日、分化培地(100μL)に交換し、CO2インキュベーターで10日間培養し、脂肪細胞への分化誘導を行った。分化誘導4日目及び7日目に新鮮な分化培地(100μL)に交換した。次に、培地を種々の濃度のステビオール(10、30又は100μg/mL、終濃度0.1%のDMSOに溶解)を添加した分化培地に交換し、CO2インキュベーターで24時間培養した後、培養上清中の遊離グリセロール量をAdipolysis Assay Kit(Cat. No. 10009381、Cayman)を用い、製造者のプロトコルに従って測定した。測定はプレートリーダー(VARIOSKAN FLASH、Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用い、吸光度(540nm)を測定し、相対遊離グリセロール濃度を算出した。なお、陽性対照として10μMイソプロテレノール(ISP)を添加した分化培地、陰性対照として分化培地に終濃度0.1%のDMSOを添加した溶媒対照(DMSO)及び分化培地のみの非添加対照(No addition)を用いた。Studentのt検定により比較試験群間(非添加群対陽性対照群、溶媒対照群対ステビオール添加群)の有意差検定を行った。両側検定を行い、P<0.05を有意差有とした。表2及び図2の結果が示すとおり、ステビオールは濃度依存的に脂肪細胞における脂肪分解を促進した。
実施例1と同様に正常ヒト皮下前駆脂肪細胞を増殖培地を用いて前培養した。0.25%トリプシン-EDTAを用いて細胞を剥離し、増殖培地を用いて96ウェルプレートに10,000個/100μL/ウェルで播種し、CO2インキュベーターで一晩培養した。翌日、培地を種々の濃度のステビオール(12.5、25、50、100又は200μg/mL、終濃度0.1%のDMSOに溶解)を添加した分化培地100μLに交換し、CO2インキュベーターで10日間培養し、脂肪細胞への分化誘導を行った。分化誘導4日目及び7日目に、培地を上記と同じ組成の新鮮な培地(100μL)に交換した。なお、陽性対照として、25mM LiCl(Cat. No. SML0559、Sigma-Aldrich)を添加した分化培地、陰性対照として、終濃度0.1%のDMSOを添加した分化培地を用いた。また、増殖培地で培養した細胞を脂肪蓄積非誘導対照(Untreated)とした。培養後、オイルレッド染色を行った。具体的には、細胞を100μLのDPBS(Cat. No. 14190250、Thermo Fisher Scientific)で2回洗浄した後、100μLの10%ホルマリン溶液(Cat. No. 061-00416、Wako)で細胞を固定(室温、10分)した。100μLのDPBSで2回洗浄した後100μLの60% 2-プロパノール(Cat. No. 166-04836、Wako)に置換して1分インキュベートし、100μLのオイルレッド染色液(Cat. No. O0625、Sigma-Aldrich)に交換し、15分間染色した。100μLの60%2-プロパノールで1回洗浄、100μLのDPBSで2回洗浄した後、100μLのDPBS中で細胞像を撮影した。次に120μLの100%2-プロパノールに交換後5分間インキュベートしてオイルレッドを抽出し、抽出液100μLを新たな96ウェルプレートに移し、プレートリーダー(VARIOSKAN FLASH、Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用い、吸光度(520nm)を測定し、相対脂肪蓄積量を算出した。分化非誘導群対分化誘導群(陰性対照群)の有意差検定(両側)を行い、P<0.05を有意差有とした。また、Dunnett検定により、陰性対照群対ステビオール添加群/陽性対照群の有意差検定(両側)を行い、P<0.05を有意差有とした。表3及び図3の結果が示すとおり、ステビオールは濃度依存的に脂肪細胞における脂肪蓄積を抑制した。
実施例1と同様に正常ヒト皮下前駆脂肪細胞を増殖培地を用いて前培養した。0.25%トリプシン-EDTAを用いて細胞を剥離し、増殖培地を用いて96ウェルプレートに10,000個/100μL/ウェルで播種し、CO2インキュベーターで一晩培養した。翌日、分化培地(100μL)に交換し、CO2インキュベーターで10日間培養し、脂肪細胞への分化誘導を行った。分化誘導4日目及び7日目に新鮮な分化培地(100μL)に交換した。次に、血清非添加培地(2mM L-グルタミン、50μg/mLゲンタマイシン、37ng/mLアンホテリシン-B添加PBM-2培地、Cat. No. PT-8002、Lonza)100μLに交換し、CO2インキュベーターで18時間培養した。次いで、培地を種々の濃度のステビオール(10、30又は100μg/mL、終濃度0.1%のDMSOに溶解)を添加したグルコース非添加血清非添加培地(DMEM、no glucose、Cat. No. 11966025、Thermo Fisher Scientific)100μLに交換し、4時間CO2インキュベーターで培養した。なお、陽性対照として100μMアカデシン(AICAR、Cat. No. A9978、Sigma-Aldrich)を添加したグルコース非添加血清非添加培地、陰性対照としてグルコース非添加血清非添加培地に終濃度0.1%のDMSOを添加した溶媒対照及びグルコース非添加血清非添加培地のみの非添加対照を用いた。培養後、Glucose Uptake-Glo Assay kit(Cat.No.J1341、Promega)を用いて下記手順で細胞内2-デオキシグルコース-6-リン酸(2DG6P、2-デオキシグルコース(2DG)リン酸化産物)量を測定した。各ウェルの培地を1mM 2DG添加DPBS溶液(50μL)に交換し、10分間室温でインキュベートした後、Stop buffer(25μL)、Neutralization buffer(25μL)、2DG6P detection reagent(100μL)を添加し、室温で60分インキュベートした後、プレートリーダー(VARIOSKAN FLASH、Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用い、発光強度を測定して相対発光強度を相対細胞内2DG6P量とした。Studentのt検定により比較試験群間(非添加群対陽性対照群、溶媒対照群対ステビオール添加群)の有意差検定を行った。両側検定を行い、P<0.05を有意差有とした。表4及び図4の結果が示すとおり、ステビオールは濃度依存的に脂肪細胞における糖取込を促進した。
HepG2細胞(Cat. No. JCRB1054、JCRB)5×105個を、T75フラスコにて、増殖培地(10%FBS(Cat. No. 172012、Sigma-Aldrich)、1%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン(Cat. No. 09367-34、Nacalai tesque)添加DMEM(high glucose、Cat. No. D5796、Sigma-Aldrich))を用い、CO2インキュベーターで5日間前培養した。0.25%トリプシン-EDTAを用いて細胞を剥離し、増殖培地を用いて96ウェルプレートに、10,000個/100μL/ウェルで播種し、CO2インキュベーターで一晩培養した。翌日、培地を種々の濃度のステビオール(0.001、0.01、0.1、1、10又は100μg/mL、終濃度0.1%のDMSOに溶解)を添加した増殖培地100μLに交換、CO2インキュベーターで24時間培養した。なお、陰性対照(Control)として、増殖培地に終濃度0.1%のDMSOを添加した溶媒対照を用いた。生細胞数測定はWST-8法により行った。具体的には、培養後の各ウェルの培地を、生細胞数測定試薬SFを1/10量添加した増殖培地100μLに交換し、CO2インキュベーターでインキュベートし、30分後及び90分後に、プレートリーダー(VARIOSKAN FLASH、Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用いて吸光度(450nm、参照波長630nm)を測定し、60分あたりの吸光度差を相対生細胞数とした。表5及び図5の結果が示すとおり、100μg/mLのステビオールを添加しても、特に留意すべき細胞毒性は認められなかった。
実施例5と同様にHepG2細胞を増殖培地を用いて前培養した。0.25%トリプシン-EDTAを用いて細胞を剥離し、増殖培地を用いて96ウェルプレートに30,000個/100μL/ウェルで播種し、CO2インキュベーターで一晩培養した。翌日、培地を種々の濃度のステビオール(12.5、25、50、100又は200μg/mL、終濃度0.1%のDMSOに溶解)を添加した試験培地(0.2mMオレイン酸(Cat. No. O3008、Sigma-Aldrich)、10%FBS、1%ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン添加DMEM(high glucose))100μLに交換し、CO2インキュベーターで24時間培養した。なお、陽性対照として、2mMのメトホルミン(Cat. No. M2009、Tokyo Chemical Industry)を添加した試験培地(Metformin)、陰性対照として、試験培地に終濃度0.1%のDMSOを添加した溶媒対照(DMSO)を用いた。また、脂肪蓄積非誘導対照として、オレイン酸を含まない試験培地で培養した細胞を用いた(Untreated)。培養後、実施例3と同様にオイルレッド染色を行い、撮像及び相対脂肪蓄積量の算出を行った。また、前記オイルレッド染色に使用した細胞と同条件で別途培養した細胞について、細胞中のトリグリセリド(TG)量を、Adipogenesis Assay Kit(Biovision)を用い、製造者のプロトコルに従って定量した。プレートリーダー(VARIOSKAN FLASH、Thermo Fisher Scientific)を用い、吸光度(570nm)を測定し、相対TG量を算出した。相対脂肪蓄積量及び相対TG量に関し、Studentのt検定により脂肪蓄積非誘導群対脂肪蓄積誘導群(陰性対照群)の有意差検定(両側)を行い、P<0.05を有意差有とした。また、Dunnett検定により、陰性対照群対ステビオール添加群/陽性対照群の有意差検定(両側)を行い、P<0.05を有意差有とした。脂肪蓄積試験の結果を表6及び図6に、TG蓄積試験の結果を表7及び図7にそれぞれ示す。ステビオールは濃度依存的に脂肪細胞における脂肪蓄積を抑制した。
Claims (7)
- ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を含む、脂肪蓄積抑制及び/又は脂肪分解促進のための組成物。
- 肥満の予防、肥満の改善及び/又は体脂肪の低減のための、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- インスリン治療に反応する糖尿病を有しない対象のための、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を含む、インスリン抵抗性を有する対象における、血糖値低減、糖取込促進及び/又は糖代謝改善のための組成物。
- ステビオール及び/又はステビオール配糖体を含む、アルコール性肝疾患又は非アルコール性脂肪性肝疾患の処置のための組成物。
- 経口摂取用である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 飲料である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
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| EP20907334.5A EP4082540A1 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2020-12-25 | Novel use of steviol |
| US17/788,933 US20230057359A1 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2020-12-25 | Novel use of steviol |
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- 2020-12-25 AU AU2020411468A patent/AU2020411468A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-12-25 JP JP2021567751A patent/JPWO2021132697A1/ja active Pending
- 2020-12-25 WO PCT/JP2020/049039 patent/WO2021132697A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2020-12-25 EP EP20907334.5A patent/EP4082540A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-12-25 US US17/788,933 patent/US20230057359A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2006265208A (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | B & L:Kk | インスリンシグナル活性化材 |
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| AU2020411468A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
| US20230057359A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
| EP4082540A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
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