WO2021105820A1 - Loading unit for a drafting system and drafting system for a textile machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a loading unit (6) for a drafting system for a textile machine for receiving a drafting system roller comprising an axle (8), wherein the loading unit (6) has a guide device (7) for guiding the axle (8) and a loading device (9) by means of which a pressing force can be applied to the axle (8), independently of the guide device (7), wherein according to the invention the loading device (9) comprises a force transmission element (14) which, during operation of the loading unit (6), is operatively connected to the axle (8) and by means of which the pressing force can be transmitted to the axle (8), wherein the force transmission element (14) is floatingly mounted in a receptacle (28) of the loading unit (6).

Description

LOADING UNIT FOR A STRETCH PLANT AND STRETCH PLANT FOR A TEXTILE MACHINE

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a loading unit for a drafting system for a textile machine for receiving a drafting system roller comprising an axis, the loading unit having a guide device for guiding the axis and a loading device, with the aid of which the axis can be acted upon with a pressing force independently of the guide device .

Furthermore, a drafting system for a textile machine with at least one roller arrangement for drafting a fiber structure is described, the roller arrangement having at least one roller and at least one corresponding counter-roller, between which the fiber structure can be guided in a clamping manner, the roller comprising an axis and at least one Loading unit which is designed to apply a pressing force to the axle and to guide the axle.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a textile machine, in particular a draw frame, a ring or air-jet spinning machine, with at least one draw frame for drawing at least one fiber structure.

TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

Corresponding loading units and drafting devices for textile machines equipped therewith are known in the prior art in a wide variety of designs. In general, the drafting devices serve to draw a fiber structure so that it can finally be spun into a roving or yarn with the aid of a spinning device. For example, a generic drafting device is described in DE 33 25 422 A1, the drafting device being connected upstream of an air spinning nozzle in which the fiber material drawn by the drafting device can finally be spun into a yarn. The drafting rollers are, for example, acted upon by a movably mounted loading cylinder with a force in order to be able to clamp the fiber structure between the loaded drafting roller and the corresponding counter roller. The loading cylinders usually act directly on the bearings of the drafting rollers to be loaded accordingly. In the event of alternating loading of the drafting rollers and possibly acting lateral forces, in particular due to the uneven thickness of the fiber structure, the moving parts in the loading cylinders can tilt at least for a short time. This is also known as the “drawer effect” and leads to uneven distortion of the fiber association. Furthermore, the periodic change between static and sliding friction in these loading devices can have a negative effect on the draft quality of the drafting system.

Also, for example, in DE 974221 C roller guides have been proposed which are articulated via a lever and act on a common loading device. This may avoid a drawer effect, but in this design a second directional component, albeit a slight one, of the contact pressure exerted by the loading device is generated by the rotation around the joint, which has a negative effect on the warpage of the fiber structure and the uniformity of wear the roller can affect.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a loading unit, a drafting system and a textile machine which eliminate or reduce at least one of the disadvantages mentioned above.

The inventive loading unit for a drafting device for a textile machine to accommodate a drafting device roller comprising an axle has a guide device for guiding the axle and a loading device with the aid of which the axle can be subjected to a contact force independently of the guide device. The drafting system comprises at least one roller arrangement for drawing a fiber structure, the roller arrangement having at least one roller and at least one corresponding counter-roller, between which the fiber structure has Can be guided in a clamping manner, the roller comprising an axis. Furthermore, the drafting system has at least one corresponding loading unit which is designed to apply a contact force to the axle and to guide the axle. Furthermore, the loading unit comprises a guide device for guiding the axle and a loading device, with the aid of which the axle can be subjected to the contact force independently of the guiding device.

In other words, a loading unit according to the invention for a drafting system for a textile machine for receiving a drafting system roller comprising an axis, as a rule, has a guide device for guiding the axis and a loading device, with the help of which the axis can be subjected to a pressing force independently of the guide device can be acted upon. The loading device comprises a force transmission element which is in operative connection with the axle during operation of the loading unit and with the aid of which the contact pressure can be transferred to the axle, the force transfer element being floatingly mounted in a receptacle of the loading unit.

The essential innovation in the loading unit according to the invention or the drafting system equipped with at least one loading unit is a separation of loading and guiding of the roller. The invention is based on the knowledge that significant disadvantages of known loading units or drafting systems are caused by a common loading and guidance of the roller. The axis can preferably move relative to the stationary guide device. As a result, the movement of the axis can be restricted in such a way that no undesired lateral force components occur.

The loading device comprises, for example, a force generator and a force transmission element. How the force generator generates a force is initially irrelevant to the invention. It is conceivable that the force generator works according to an electromagnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic principle or with the tension of a spring element. It is advantageous if the force transmission element has sufficient room for movement, for example with respect to a housing of the loading unit, so that it cannot tilt in the event of slight movements. It is customary for a roller of the drafting system to be designed to draw two fiber structures, that is to say two roller sections are arranged along the axis, in particular symmetrically to the guide. The counter roll is usually mounted in such a way that it can rotate but its axis is stationary. A pressing force is usually only exerted via the roller.

According to the invention, both in the case of the proposed loading unit and the drafting system equipped with it, it is provided that the loading device comprises a force transmission element which is in operative connection with the axle when the loading unit or drafting system is in operation and with the help of which the pressing force can be transferred to the axle is. The force transmission element is a component of the loading device which is in operative connection with the force generator. At the same time, the force transmission element is also in operative connection with the roller or its axis, so that a force generated by the force generator is transmitted to the axis via the force transmission element.

According to the invention it is now provided that the force transmission element is mounted floating in a receptacle of the loading unit. This means that the force transmission element can move relative to the receptacle, whereby here between the force transmission element and the receptacle in a direction running perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the roller and perpendicular to the direction of the force acting on the force transmission element from the force generator, a range of motion between the force transmission element and the Admission exists.

If the force transmission element is now moved in the direction of the axis of the roller by a force generated by the force generator, it is not guided through the receptacle in a form-fitting manner perpendicular to its direction of movement. Rather, a relative movement between the receptacle and the force transmission element is possible in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement. This prevents the force transmission element from tilting with respect to the receptacle. The drawer effect known from the prior art therefore does not occur in the solution according to the invention. In particular, it is advantageous if the receptacle partially encloses the force transmission element, there being play between the receptacle and the force transmission element. The receptacle is preferably a component of the loading device or of the drafting system, which surrounds the force transmission element and preferably also the force generator at least in certain areas. The receptacle acts, among other things, as protection of the force generator from external forces, the force generator preferably being completely enclosed by the receptacle.

For example, the receptacle can be formed by individual wall sections of the drafting system or of the loading unit. The recording can also be in the form of an insert which is arranged in a space provided for this purpose in the drafting system or the loading unit and is fixed in relation to a housing of the drafting system or the loading unit. It is advantageous here if the receptacle surrounds the force transmission element and / or the force generator in a clamp-like manner.

It is also advantageous if the power transmission element is freely movable in normal operation of the loading unit (i.e. when the drafting system is operated and a fiber composite is being drawn) so that the position of the power transmission element is aligned with the position of the axis. The force transmission element can move in the direction of the axis of the roller that is in operative connection with it, when the force transmission element is acted upon by the force generator with a corresponding force. Movement in the opposite direction is also possible if the force generator transfers less force or no force at all to the force transmission element. Finally, the floating bearing allows the force transmission element to move perpendicular to the two directions of movement mentioned and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the roller.

It is particularly advantageous if both the guide device and a force transmission element of the loading device attack directly on the axle. Immediately means in this context without additional intermediate components. As a result, the guide device and the loading device can act on the axle directly and separately from one another. With additional borrowed temporarily stored components, the risk of unwanted Kraftkompo components or tilting increases.

There are also advantages if the guide device and the force transmission element attack at different points on the axis. A mutual influence of the guide device and the loading element or the force transmission element of the loading element should be avoided as far as possible. In order to load the roller evenly, it is particularly advantageous if the loading element engages the axle in the area of an axial center of the roller. Both the guide device and the power transmission element are, for example, arranged symmetrically to the axial center of the roller. The force transmission element can for example be enclosed by the guide device in the axial direction.

In an advantageous development of the loading unit or of the drafting system equipped therewith, the loading device has an elastic force generator. In interaction with a pressure medium, the contact force can be generated via the force generator and transmitted to the axle or the roller via the force transmission element. Liquids and gases can be used as the pressure medium. Air, for example from a compressor or a compressed air supply to a textile machine, is particularly preferably used as the pressure medium. For this purpose, the force generator is connected to a compressor or a compressed air supply, in particular via a line and possibly an additional valve. The force generator is preferably delimited by a housing section.

For example, the force generator has expansion ribs that allow a particularly controlled expansion and contraction of the force generator. Expansion ribs can, for example, be concentric indentations in a surface of the force generator, which make excess material available for expansion of the force generator.

In particular, it is advantageous if the force generator is designed as a bellows. This is an at least partially elastic construction part that can expand and contract. After installation in a drafting system, the bellows is connected to a compressed air line of the drafting system Compressed air source in connection. Depending on the air pressure made available by the compressed air source, the force that is exerted on the force transmission element connected to the bellows via the bellows also increases or decreases. In particular, the increase in the internal pressure acting on the inner walls causes an increase in the resulting force generated by the latter. The volume of the bellows usually only increases when the resulting force causes a displacement (or deformation) of the force transmission element or the axle.

If the internal pressure (e.g. by means of an open fluid connection to a large pressure tank) is kept constant, the force acting on the axle from the internal pressure also remains constant - regardless of the respective volume of the bellows (or the position of the axle). By changing the air pressure, a fine and reproducible setting of the contact pressure of the roller on the corresponding counter roller of a roller pair is possible.

It is also advantageous if the force transmission element is designed as a hollow body. The force transmission element has, in particular, a first cavity. Furthermore, the bellows has a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity forming a common pressure chamber that is closed off from the outside. After the loading unit has been installed in a drafting system, the pressure chamber is in turn in fluid connection with a compressed air line of the drafting system, via which the pressure chamber is acted upon with compressed air when the drafting system is in operation. The bellows and the power transmission element can for example be glued together ver. In particular, it is also advantageous if the compressed air line opens directly into the force transmission element.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the force generator and the force transmission element have a curved contact surface. The curved contact surface can prevent uncontrolled deformation of the force generator in this area. This makes the contact pressure more controllable. In addition, the power generator and the power transmission element can at least slightly interlock with one another. This brings about a better defined relative position of the force generator and the power transmission element. The curved contact surface can be circular at least in sections, for example in a side view.

For optimal power transmission between the power generator and the power transmission element, it is advantageous if the power transmission element is convex and the power generator is concave in the area of the contact surface. The concave shape of the force generator can also in turn prevent uncontrolled deformation of the force generator.

It also has particular advantages if the guide device is designed as a linear guide. The linear guide restricts the freedom of movement of the axis or roller to one direction. This is advantageous since other freedom of movement are generally disadvantageous and therefore undesirable.

The guide device can, for example, comprise a plurality of connecting links arranged in parallel, in which the axis of the roller is seated. In this case, a width of the guide device corresponds essentially to a diameter of the axis. The guide device can also have an opening, for example on an underside, in order to be able to remove the roller for replacement or for maintenance purposes.

It also has advantages if the guide device is part of a housing of the loading unit. As a result, the guide device can be designed to be particularly material-saving and cost-saving. As already indicated, the guide device can consist, for example, of one or more milled recesses in the housing of the loading unit, in which the axis is guided. The housing of the loading unit consists, for example, of metal, so that the necessary stiffness is given to guide the roller.

It is also advantageous if the force transmission element has at least one stop, for example in the form of a stop cam, which engages in a link of the loading unit. The stop can also be formed as a surface or bulge with which the force transmission element comes into contact when it is not acted upon by a force from the force generator. The maximum movement of the force transmission element can hereby be restricted, in particular to prevent malfunctions and / or damage to the loading unit. The Stop cams can in principle serve to guide the force transmission element, but it is advantageous if the force transmission element is freely movable in normal operation of the loading unit. In particular, the position of the force transmission element is based on the position of the axis. Thus, a conflict between the guide device and the stop cam guided in the link, and thus any tilting, is avoided.

It has particular advantages if the force transmission element has a recess in a contact area with the axle in a side view. Through the recess, the force transmission element and the axis can be aligned in a stable manner relative to one another. As already described, the force transmission element adapts to the axis guided by the guide device.

The recess can in particular have the shape of a trapezoid in the side view. It is conceivable that the trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid. The recess can also be circular or elliptical in the side view. In the case of a circular recess, for example, the recess can be uniform to a surface of the axis. Furthermore, the recess can have the shape of a triangle. In particular, the recess can be designed in the form of an isosceles or equilateral triangle. The force transmission element can, for example, have a low-friction surface in the contact area in order to minimize wear.

It is particularly advantageous if the axis has at least one diameter step for axial positioning in the loading unit. In other words, the axle has at least two sections with different diameters. Before given, the axis has at least two diameter steps and in particular a section with a smaller diameter and at least two sections with larger rem diameter. The diameter step can be used in an efficient way to position the roller axially. In the case of several diameter steps, the diameter steps are preferably arranged symmetrically to the axial center of the roller, for example a section with a smaller diameter being arranged closer to the axial center. The diameter step can be produced, for example, by turning, milling and / or grinding out. ok

In particular, the sections of the axle with the larger diameters rest on the guide device or on the force transmission element and thus prevent an axial movement of the roller.

It is also advantageous if the loading unit comprises a retaining element, in particular an elastic one, which is preferably designed to hold an axis of a drafting system roller in the effective area of the guide device. When servicing the drafting system, it is sometimes necessary to lift the roller off the counter roller. The retaining element in particular prevents the roller from falling out of the guide device or from the loading unit. Nevertheless, the particularly elastic retaining element allows the roller to be removed and reinserted efficiently, for example.

The retaining element is preferably arranged on an underside of the guide device and / or the housing of the loading unit. Various elastic materials are conceivable for the Rückhaltele element, for example metal, plastic and / or silicone. The retaining element can be formed in one piece or in several pieces. It is conceivable that with a multi-part design of the guide device, for example in the form of the multiple scenes already described, the retaining element is nevertheless formed in one piece and, for example, spans an intermediate space between the scenes.

The loading unit or the drafting system equipped with it can have a control which is designed to control the contact pressure. For example, the controller can control a pressure regulator which supplies the loading device with the pressure medium depending on the required loading.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the loading unit or the drafting system equipped with it comprises at least one sensor which is designed to detect movements of the roller, the force transmission element and / or the force generator. In this way, the contact force can be regulated in conjunction with an appropriately designed controller.

It is conceivable that the force transmission element is designed as a hollow body. In this way, on the one hand, material costs can be saved. On the other hand, it can due to their lower weight, they can also be moved with less effort and possibly faster.

For maintenance purposes, the drafting system can, for example, have at least one folding mechanism that allows the roller and possibly the entire loading unit to be lifted off the counter roller.

For the textile machine according to the invention, which is designed in particular as a draw frame, ring or air-jet spinning machine, and has at least one draw frame for drawing at least one fiber structure, it is proposed that the draw frame be designed in accordance with the preceding description. As already described, this avoids the drawer effect, jerky transitions between static and sliding friction and undesired lateral force components.

Such textile machines usually have a drafting system with several Walzenan orders, which rotate at different speeds for the warping of the fiber structure. For example, a loading unit is assigned to each roller arrangement. It is conceivable that the individual loading units generate the pressing forces in different ways.

It is particularly advantageous if the textile machine has at least one pneumatic cal loading unit and at least one spring-loaded loading unit. For example, it is conceivable that control of the pressing force is only necessary at certain points in the drafting system. A less complex design of the spring-loaded loading unit can save costs here. In the case of the pneumatic loading unit, there is also the advantage that relief or partial relief can take place when the textile machine is not in use for a long time, thus avoiding deformation of the corresponding rollers.

For example, pneumatic loading units can be arranged on a first roller arrangement and / or a last roller arrangement of the drafting system with reference to a transport direction of the fiber structure. It is also conceivable to arrange the pneumatic loading unit additionally or exclusively on an apron cylinder of the drafting system. If the textile machine is designed as an air-jet spinning machine, a spinning nozzle, for example, connects to the drafting system, in which the fiber structure is rotated with the aid of a vortex air flow. A pair of draw-off rollers for drawing off the resulting yarn can in turn be connected to the spinneret. SHORT EXPLANATIONS TO THE FIGURES

Aspects of the invention are explained in more detail with the aid of the exemplary embodiments shown in the following figures and the associated description. Show it:

1 shows a schematic side view of a drafting device according to the invention as part of a textile machine;

2 shows a sectional side view of a first embodiment of a loading unit of a drafting system according to the invention;

3 shows a side view of the loading unit from FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a further side view of the loading unit from FIG. 2;

5 shows a sectional front view of a loading unit of the drafting system according to the invention;

6a shows a section of a further embodiment of a loading unit according to the invention in a first state; and

6b shows a section of the embodiment from FIG. 6a in a second state.

WAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the following description of the figures, the same reference symbols are used for features that are identical and / or at least comparable in each case in the various figures. The individual features, their design and / or mode of action are usually only explained in detail when they are first mentioned. If individual features are not explained again in detail, their design corresponds and / or the mode of action of the design and mode of action of the already described identically acting or identically named features.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a drafting system 1 according to the invention with several roller arrangements 2. The roller arrangements 2 each comprise a roller 3 and a corresponding counter-roller 4. Between the rollers 3 and the respective counter-rollers 4, a fiber structure 5 can be guided and drawn in a clamping manner. Each roller arrangement 2 is assigned a loading unit 6 which is designed to guide and load the respective roller 3. In addition, the loading units 6 each have a guide device 7 (see Figure 3) for guiding an axle 8 (see Figure 2) of the respective roller 3 and a loading device 9 according to the invention (see Figure 2), with the help of which the respective axis 8 independently of the guide device 7 can be acted upon by a pressing force.

The drafting system 1 is in particular part of a textile machine 10, which in the present example is designed as an air-jet spinning machine. Accordingly, the drafting device 1 is followed by a spinneret 11 in which the fiber structure 5 is rotated. In the present case, the yarn produced is drawn off by a pair of draw-off rollers 12. Alternatively, the drafting system 1 can of course also be used in a ring spinning machine, a roving machine or a draw frame.

For example, the first and the last loading unit 6 of the drafting system 1 are designed as pneumatic loading units 6. The pneumatic loading units 6 are connected in particular to a compressed air supply, not shown, of the textile machine 10 by compressed air lines 13. The middle load unit 6 is designed as a spring-loaded load unit 6, for example.

In FIG. 2, a loading unit 6 according to the invention of the drafting device 1 according to the invention is shown in a more detailed sectional side view. In this view, only the axis 8 of the roller 3 can be seen. The axle 8 is acted upon by the loading device 9, which comprises a force transmission element 14 and, in this example, a force generator 15, with the contact force. The contact pressure is generated here by applying compressed air to the force generator 15. For a controlled tes expansion behavior, the force generator 15 has expansion ribs 16. The force generator 15 is designed as a bellows 24 in this case.

The loading device 9 is surrounded by a housing 17 in which a part of the compressed air line 13 runs, e.g. Furthermore, a controller and / or a valve can be arranged in the housing 17 for example (not shown), which regulate the pressure of the incoming compressed air. The housing 17 also specifies the area for the expansion of the force generator 15, for example. The housing 17 can also, for example, positively restrict a maximum movement of the force transmission element 14 in the direction of the axis 8, so that the force transmission element 14 cannot fall out of the housing 17, particularly during maintenance. For this purpose, the force transmission element 14 can, for example, have the cross-section shown here, which is essentially tapering in the direction of the axis 8. In normal operation of the drafting system 1, the Kraftübertra transmission element 14 has a certain freedom of movement within the housing 17, so that tilting of the force transmission element 14 is avoided. This is ensured by a corresponding free space 30 between the force transmission element 14 and the housing 17.

The force generator 15 and the force transmission element 14 touch one another at a curved contact surface 18, wherein in the area of the contact surface 18 the force transmission element 14 is convex and the force generator 15 is concave. This ensures that the contact pressure transmitted via the curved contact surface 18 acts in the direction of the axis 8.

In a contact area with the axle 8, the force transmission element 14 has a recess 19 which is at least partially adapted to the shape of the axle 8. This ensures, among other things, that the position of the force transmission element 14 is aligned with the position of the axis 8. The force transmission element 14 is thus mounted in a floating manner in the example shown. The recess 19 is trapezoidal in this example. In particular, the recess 19 has the shape of an equilateral trapezoid. The loading unit 6 has a retaining element 20 which prevents the roller 3 from falling out of the loading unit 6, for example when the loading unit 6 is lifted for maintenance purposes. The retaining element 20 is arranged on an underside of the housing 17, for example. In order to enable the roller to be removed and reinserted easily, the retaining element 20 is particularly elastic.

Figures 3 and 4 show the loading unit 6 from Figure 2 in a non-sectional side view. In Figure 3, only the axis 8 of the roller 3 is shown. In FIG. 4, an outer area of the roller 3 is also shown, which is used to guide and warp the fiber structure 5.

The illustration in FIG. 3 reveals, among other things, a view of the guide device 7. The guide device 7 is in the present case designed as a linear guide and essentially consists of two parallel elongated recesses in the housing 17 of the loading unit 6. The width of the recesses essentially corresponds to the diameter of the axis 8. Advantageously, the guide and the load on the roller 3 are independent of one another.

The housing 17 has a further recess in the form of a link 21, into which a stop cam 22 of the force transmission element 14 engages. The stop cam 22 can restrict the vertical movement of the force transmission element 14. In particular, by restricting the movement of the force transmission element 14 in the direction of the force generator 15, any damage to the load unit 6 can be avoided. At the same time, the stop cam 22 is designed in such a way that it does not impair the floating mounting of the force transmission element 14 described herein.

FIG. 5 shows a sectioned front view of the loading unit 6 and the roller 3 of the drafting system 1. Here, the symmetrical structure of the loading unit 6 and the roller 3 can be clearly seen. On both sides of the housing 17 there are links 21 for the stop cams 22 also arranged on both sides of the force transmission element 14. It can also be clearly seen that both the guide device 7 and the force transmission element 14 of the loading device 9 act directly but at different points on the axis 8 of the roller 3. The roller 3 also has two symmetrical outer areas for the warping of two fiber structures 5. For axial positioning, the axis 8 also has diameter steps 23, with areas with a larger diameter on the housing 17 of the loading unit 6 or on the guide device 7 on both sides.

A section of a further exemplary embodiment of a loading unit 6 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, only the components that are important for understanding the invention being shown. Of course, a drafting system 1 having the loading unit 6 comprises further elements, such as the counter-roll (not shown) or the actual roll body of the roll 3, which, however, are not shown for reasons of clarity.

The essential components of the loading device 9 are shown in FIG. 6a. This comprises a force transmission element 14 which delimits a first flea space 25 which is open at the top (with reference to FIG. 6a). Furthermore, the loading device 9 comprises a force generator in the form of a bellows 24, which is open towards the bottom and delimits a second flea space 26. The first flea space 25 and the second flea space 26 together form a common pressure space 15 which is connected to a compressed air line 13. A defined air pressure can be applied to the pressure chamber 15 via the compressed air line 13, the volume of the second flea chamber 26 being able to be changed by contracting or expanding the bellows 24. FIG. 6a shows an expanded state of the bellows 24. The force transmission element 14 can assume this position, for example, when the area of the drafting system 1 shown is moved upwards, so that the axis 8 shown moves away from a counter roller 4, not shown.

This, for example, when a drafting system 1 is relieved / opened for maintenance.

FIG. 6b shows the loaded state of the loading device 9. This state is reached when the illustrated components are moved so far in the direction of the mentioned counter-roll 4 that the roll 3 and the counter-roll 4 touch and / or are spaced from one another by a fiber structure running between the roller 3 and the counter-roller 4. If the air pressure in the common pressure chamber 15 (see FIG. 6a, not shown in FIG. 6b) is increased in the state shown in FIG. 6b, this causes a slight expansion of the bellows 24 and at the same time a transmission of the force generated by the air pressure via the force transmission element 14 on the axis 8 shown.

As can also be seen from the figures, the bellows 24 and also a region of the force transmission element 14 are surrounded on the outside by a cut-out receptacle 27, which in turn is connected to a housing 17 of the drafting system 1 (the housing 17, which also includes the Includes guide device 7, is le diglich indicated in Figure 6b). In the case of the figures described above, the acquisition 27 is formed directly by sections of the housing 17. The receptacle 27 does not necessarily have to be present as a separate component from the housing 17.

In the example shown, the receptacle 27 comprises two holding sections 28 which come into contact with corresponding supports 29 of the force transmission element 14 when the loading device 9 is in the unloaded state (see FIG. 6a). This prevents the force transmission element 14 and the bellows 24 from falling out of the receptacle 27 in the unloaded state.

As can now be seen from the two figures, there is a free space 30 between the receptacle 27 and the force transmission element 14 in every position of the force transmission element 14. This allows a slight, based on the figures seitli surface, movement of the force transmission element 14 and thus a certain amount of play ge compared to the receptacle 27. The force transmission element 14 is therefore also floating here.

If the bellows 24 and the force transmission element 14 are subjected to a defined air pressure via the compressed air line 13, the force transmission element 14 is pressed against the axis 8.

Due to thick or thin areas of the fiber assembly warped by the drafting system 1, there is constant, albeit very small, movement of the force transfer support element 14 with respect to the receptacle 27. The floating mounting effectively prevents the force transmission element 14 from jamming or jamming in the receptacle 27. The drawer effect known from the prior art is therefore not present in the solution according to the invention, so that a very precise and error-free stretching of the fiber structure is possible.

The present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiment, for example. Modifications within the scope of the claims are also possible, please include a combination of the features, even if they are shown and described in different exemplary embodiments.

DESIGNATION LIST

1 drafting system 16 stretching ribs

2 roller arrangement 17 housing

3 roller 18 contact surface 4 counter roller 20 19 recess

5 fiber structure 20 retaining element

6 Load unit 21 backdrop

7 guide device 22 stop cams

8 axis 23 diameter stage 9 loading device 25 24 bellows

10 textile machine 25 first cavity

11 spinneret 26 second cavity

12 pair of take-off rollers 27 support

13 Compressed air line 28 Holding section 14 Power transmission element 30 29 Support

15 power generator 30 free space

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Loading unit (6) for a drafting system (1) for a textile machine (10) for receiving an axis (8) comprehensive drafting system roller (3), wherein the loading unit (6) has a guide device (7) for guiding the axis ( 8) and a loading device (9) with the aid of which the axis (8) can be acted upon with a contact force independently of the guide device (7), characterized in that the loading device (9) comprises a force transmission element (14) which, during operation of the loading unit (6) is in operative connection with the axis (8) and with the help of which the pressing force on the axis (8) can be carried over, the force transmission element (14) floating in a receptacle (28) of the loading unit (6) is. 2. Loading unit (6) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the receptacle (28) partially encloses the force transmission element (14), with a play being present between the receptacle (28) and the force transmission element (14). 3. Loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transmission element (14) is freely movable in normal operation of the loading unit (6), so that the position of the force transmission element (14) is at the position of the axis ( 8) aligns. 4. loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the guide device (7) and the force transmission element (14) of the loading device (9) act directly on the axis (8). 5. loading unit (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide device (7) and the force transmission element (14) act at different points on the axis (8). 6. loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading device (9) has an elastic force generating ger (15), preferably a pneumatic force generator, in particular in the form of a bellows (24). 7. loading unit (6) according to claim 6, characterized in that the force transmission element (14) is designed as a flea body, wherein the force transmission element (14) has a first flea space (25), wherein the bellows (24) has a second flea space (26 ), and wherein the first flea space (25) and the second flea space (26) form a common pressure space (15) which is closed off towards the outside, the pressure space (15) with a compressed air line (13) of a drafting system (1) in There is a fluid connection via which the pressure chamber (15) can be acted upon with compressed air when a drafting system (1) is in operation. 8. loading unit (6) according to claim 6, characterized in that the bellows (24) and the force transmission element (14) have a curved Kontaktflä surface (18), wherein in the area of the contact surface (18) the Kraftübertra supply element (14) in particular convex and the pressure chamber (15) are preferably concave in shape. 9. loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide device (7) is designed as a linear guide, and / or that the guide device (7) is part of a housing (17) of the loading unit (6). 10. Loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transmission element (14) has at least one stop, the stop having, for example, a stop cam (22) which is inserted into a link (21) of the loading unit (6) engages. 11. Loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force transmission element (14) has a recess (19) in a contact area with the axis (8) in a side view. 12. loading unit (6) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading unit (6) comprises an, in particular elastic, retaining element (20). 13. Drafting system (1) for a textile machine (10) with at least one roller arrangement (2) for drawing a fiber structure (5), the roller arrangement (2) having at least one roller (3) and at least one corresponding counter roller (4) , between which the fiber structure (5) can be guided in a clamping manner, the roller (3) comprising an axis (8), and with at least one loading unit (6) which is designed to apply a contact pressure to the axis (8) and the Axle (8) to guide, characterized in that the at least one loading unit (6) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 12. 14. drafting device (1) for a textile machine (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that the drafting device (1) has at least one pneumatic and one spring loaded loading unit (31). 15. Textile machine (10), in particular draw frame, ring or air-jet spinning machine, with at least one draw frame (1) for drawing at least one fiber structure (5), characterized in that the draw frame (1) is designed according to one of claims 13 or 14 .