WO2021170135A1 - Protection apparatus for syringe - Google Patents

Abstract

A protection apparatus for a syringe. The protection apparatus comprises a shaft collar component (102) and a sleeve component (101). The shaft collar component (102) is configured to be mounted at the distal end of the syringe; the sleeve component (101) is configured to accommodate the shaft collar component (102) and allow the shaft collar component (102) to slide in an axial direction between the proximal end and the distal end of the sleeve component (101). The shaft collar component (102) is provided with at least one pin or a conical rib (108), and the sleeve component (101) is provided with a channel (113) along the axial direction; in this channel (113), the pin or the conical rib (108) on the shaft collar component (102) is configured to be slidable. The sleeve component (101) further comprises at least one first finger-type element (107) which is connected to, adjacent to the channel (113) or provided in the channel (113); the first finger-type element (107) is configured to radially deflect outwardly under the action of deviating pressure, so as to allow the pin or the conical rib (108) to move from a first position or an initial position where the syringe is in a storage state to a second position or a final position; at the final position, the first finger-type element (107) can return to a resting position and the pin (108) is blocked by the proximal end of the first finger-type element (107), so that the syringe is locked at a protected and preferably locked state, and the arrangement of blocking and locking prevents the protection apparatus from being reset or tampered with.

Description

Protective device for syringe Technical field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to a protective device for syringes.

Background technique

Needle stick injuries are a common occupational hazard among medical staff. This kind of injury may occur during the injection to the patient. For example, the sudden movement of the patient during the injection process may cause the medical staff to lose control of the syringe and cause injury. In addition, unprotected syringes or needles, if left unattended or improperly disposed of, may cause harm to personnel handling medical waste. This injury can lead to the spread of blood viruses and can lead to potentially serious illnesses.

The invention discloses a protection system for preventing needle stick injuries. It uses a needle guard. The needle guard is located on the skin of a patient and allows the needle to pass through and penetrate the skin of the patient during the injection process. The needle is shielded. In order to prevent the disposed syringe from being reused, the needle guard needs to be unreleasably locked to the disposed syringe. To this end, a mechanism is provided for rotating the needle guard relative to the syringe during the injection process, and after insertion, the needle guard moves from the initial position to the locked position relative to the syringe.

However, because the needle guard touches the patient's skin during the injection process, the patient can feel this rotation and usually feel uncomfortable. In addition, rotation may be limited by friction between the needle guard and the patient's skin. This restriction prevents smooth movement of the needle guard and syringe, and causes difficulty in injection and the transition of the needle guard to the locked position.

US 2018/0126091 A1 provides a system that converts the relative rotational movement between the needle guard and the patient's skin into the relative rotation between the needle guard and the sleeve element installed on the syringe and inserted into the needle guard Rotate motion to solve this problem. In this system, the configuration of the sleeve element makes the static friction between the needle guard and the sleeve element smaller than the static friction between the patient’s skin and the needle guard, so the rotation of the sleeve element related to the syringe will not be transferred to Needle guard or patient's skin. However, the torsional force can still be transferred to the patient's skin, which is usually unpleasant. Moreover, in actual use, it is sometimes difficult to ensure that the static friction between the patient's skin and the needle guard is always greater than the static friction between the needle guard and the sleeve element, thereby affecting the smooth progress of the injection. Another problem with this system is that since the sleeve element can rotate, the relative position of the sleeve element and the needle guard can be reset, which makes the system not completely tamper-proof.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to alleviate the occurrence of the above-mentioned multiple problems and provide a simple and effective protective device for the syringe.

Summary of the invention

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a protective device for a syringe is provided. The protection device includes a collar member and a sleeve member. The collar member is configured to be mounted to the distal end of the syringe, and the sleeve member is configured to receive the collar member and allow the collar member to slide therein in an axial direction between the proximal end and the distal end of the sleeve member. The collar member has at least one pin or tapered rib, and the sleeve member has a passage in the axial direction in which the pin or tapered rib on the collar member is configured to be slidable. The sleeve member also includes at least one first finger element connected to, adjacent to, or disposed in the channel, and the first finger element is configured to deflect radially outward under the action of a biasing force to allow the pin or The tapered rib moves from the first position or the initial position where the syringe is in the storage state to the second or final position. In the final position, the first finger element can return to the rest position and the pin is moved by the first The proximal end of the finger element blocks, thereby locking the syringe in a protected and preferably locked state. The blocking and locking arrangement prevents the protection device from resetting or being tampered with.

Preferably, the pin or tapered rib on the collar member is configured to slide at least partially under the first finger element in the axial direction when moving from the starting position to the final position, and to deflect the first radially outward Finger-shaped elements. The sleeve member may further include a second finger element configured to deflect radially outward under the biasing force from the collar member when the protective device is assembled to allow the collar member to move to the syringe The location in the storage state.

In a preferred embodiment, the second finger element of the sleeve member has an expanded or radially inwardly extending/protruding tip. The collar member further includes a first guide groove that allows the expanded or inwardly radially extended/protruding tip portion to slide in the axial direction therein, the proximal end of the first guide groove has an opening, and the distal end of the first guide groove has an opening. The end. When the protective device is assembled and the collar member is biased toward the proximal end of the sleeve member, the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip portion of the second finger element abuts the distal end portion of the protrusion of the first guide groove so as to The syringe is releasably fixed in the storage state.

Preferably, the first guide groove extends axially and circumferentially from the proximal end of the collar member to the distal end of the collar member. The second finger element is configured to deflect laterally when the collar member axially slides toward the distal end of the sleeve member, so that the expansion or radially inward extension/protruding tip of the second finger element is along the first The guide groove slides toward the proximal end of the first guide groove. The second finger element is also configured to return the second finger element to the rest position when the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip portion of the second finger element exits the first guide groove from the opening, so that when the collar When the member then axially slides toward the proximal end of the sleeve member to allow the pin or tapered rib to move to the final position, the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip of the second finger element leaves the first guide groove.

Preferably, the collar member further includes a second guide groove substantially parallel to the first guide groove. After the expanded or radially inwardly extending/protruding tip part exits the first guide groove, the second finger element returns to the rest position. When the collar member subsequently slides axially toward the proximal end of the sleeve member, the expanded or inwardly radially extended/protruding tip portion of the second finger element enters the second guide groove and is in it toward the far end of the second guide groove. The end slides to allow the pin to move to its final position.

Preferably, the protection device is further configured to move the pin from the starting position to the third or intermediate position where the pin is adjacent to the distal end of the channel when the collar member moves to the distal end of the sleeve member, so that the syringe transitions from the storage state To work. When the protective device is used normally, the pin moves from the initial position where the syringe is in the storage state to the middle position where the syringe is in the working state, and then moves to the final position where the syringe is in the protected and locked state.

The ability of the second finger element to deflect radially outward and laterally, and its coupling with the first and second guide grooves on the collar member, forms a simple, low-cost, but effective and reliable mechanism that allows for safety Storage and a smooth transition between the storage position of the protection device, the working position and the protection and locking position.

Preferably, when the pin or tapered rib moves from the intermediate position to the final position, the first finger element is configured to deflect radially outward under the biasing force exerted by the pin or tapered rib, and when the pin or tapered rib moves The first finger element returns to the rest position when the rib reaches the final position, so that the pin or tapered rib is held in place by the first snap, which is partially formed by the proximal end of the first finger element.

In another preferred embodiment, a portion of the inner surface of the first finger element near the proximal end is inclined upward to form the side wall of the channel provided in the first finger element, so that when the collar member is inserted into the sleeve member and is opposite to When the sleeve rotates, the first finger element is deflected radially under the action of the biasing force exerted by the pin or the tapered rib to allow the pin or the tapered rib to move upward along the slope. When the first finger element returns to the rest position, The pin or tapered rib falls into the channel.

In another preferred embodiment, the collar member has at least one pin extending radially outward from the outer surface of the collar member. The second finger element has a guide groove allowing the pin to slide axially therein, and a part of the inner surface of the second finger element is inclined upward to form a side wall of the guide groove. The configuration of the second finger element is such that when the collar member is inserted into the sleeve member and rotates relative to the sleeve, the second finger element is deflected radially outward under the action of the biasing force applied by the pin to allow the second When the finger element returns to the rest position, the pin moves up the slope and falls into the guide groove.

Preferably, the first finger element is provided with a hole on its inner surface, and the hole is configured to lock the pin when the collar member axially slides in the sleeve member, so that the pin reaches the starting position, thereby fixing the syringe in storage location. Preferably, the hole on the first finger element is a through hole, so that the pin can be seen when the pin is clamped by the hole.

Preferably, one side of the hole on the first finger element forms a slope toward the distal end of the first finger element to allow the pin to leave the hole and move to the intermediate position, wherein when the collar member faces the distal end of the sleeve member When moving, the syringe is in the working position. When the protective device is used normally, the pin moves from the initial position where the syringe is in the storage state to the middle position where the syringe is in the working state, and then moves to the final position where the syringe is in the protected and locked state.

Preferably, the first finger element has a tapered distal end, and the pin is connected to the collar member via an elastic member to allow the pin to move in a circumferential direction around the collar member. The configuration of the first finger element and the pin is such that when the collar member moves toward the proximal end of the sleeve member, the pin moves from the third or intermediate position to the second along the tapered edge of the distal end of the first finger element. Or the final position moves, and, under the force exerted by the elastic member, when the pin is separated from the entire length of the first finger element, the pin falls into the first buckle, and the first buckle is partially formed by the first finger element Proximal formation.

The inclined side of the hole and the tapered distal end of the first finger element, together with the biasing force exerted by the elastic member on the pin, provide a simple, low-cost but reliable mechanism that allows the protection device to transition smoothly from the storage position to Work position, and then transition to the protection and lock position.

Preferably, the protection device further includes an elastic member configured to axially bias the collar member toward the proximal end of the sleeve member. The elastic member may be a spring.

In a preferred embodiment, the length and position of the sleeve member are configured such that when the pin is in the starting position, the needle mounted on the syringe is completely hidden within the sleeve member.

In another preferred embodiment, the length and position of the sleeve member are configured such that when the pin is in the starting position, the needle is exposed from the distal end portion of the sleeve member.

The protective device may also include a safety cap releasably mounted on the distal end of the sleeve member to protect the needle.

In the context of the present invention, the terms "proximal" and "distal" are used with respect to medical staff, for example, the proximal end is the end closest to the medical staff, and the distal end is the part of the device that is close to or in contact with the patient.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and drawings, in which:

Figure 1A shows a protective device for a syringe installed on a syringe according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 1B is an exploded view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figure 1A;

Figure 2A is a cross-sectional view of the protective device shown in 1A;

2B shows the structure of the collar member according to the first embodiment, the collar member as a part of the protection device, which is installed at the distal end of the syringe;

Figure 3A shows the protective device and syringe combination of Figure 1A in a storage state (without cap);

Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figure 3A;

Figure 4A shows the protective device and syringe combination of Figure 1A in a working state;

Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figure 4A;

Figure 5A shows that the protective device and syringe combination of Figure 1A is in a protected (locked) state;

5B is a first cross-sectional view of the protection device and syringe combination shown in FIG. 5A along a first plane, wherein the first plane portion is defined by the longitudinal axis of the protection device;

5C is a second cross-sectional view of the protection device and syringe combination shown in FIG. 5A along a second plane, wherein the second plane is partially defined by the longitudinal axis of the protection device and is perpendicular to the first plane;

Figure 6 shows the movement of the expanded or inwardly radially extending/protruding tip portion of the finger-shaped element on the safety shield of the protective device relative to the two guide grooves provided on the collar member mounted on the distal end of the syringe;

Figure 7A shows a protective device for a syringe installed on a syringe according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7B is an exploded view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figure 7A;

Figure 8A is a partially enlarged view of the protective device and syringe combination of Figure 7A;

8B shows the structure of the collar member according to the second embodiment, the collar member as a part of the protection device, which is installed at the distal end of the syringe;

Figure 9A shows the protective device and syringe combination of Figure 7A in a storage state (without cap);

Figure 9B is a cross-sectional view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figure 9A;

Fig. 10A shows the protective device and syringe combination of Fig. 7A in a working state;

10B is a first cross-sectional view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in FIG. 10A along a first plane, wherein the first plane portion is defined by the longitudinal axis of the protective device;

10C is a second cross-sectional view of the protection device and syringe combination shown in FIG. 10A along a second plane, wherein the second plane is partially defined by the longitudinal axis of the protection device and is perpendicular to the first plane;

Figure 11A shows that the protective device and syringe combination of Figure 7A is in a protected (locked) state;

Figure 11B is a cross-sectional view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figure 11A;

Figure 12 shows the movement of the retaining end on the collar member relative to the safety shield of the protection device, the collar member being mounted on the distal end of the syringe.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1A shows a protective device for a syringe installed on a syringe according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1B is an exploded view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Fig. 1A.

The protection device 100 includes a safety shield 101, preferably in the form of a sleeve. The safety shield 101 has a first opening at the proximal end, into which a syringe can be inserted and slid. The distal end of the safety shield 101 narrows to form a second opening that prevents the syringe from sliding through, but allows the needle mounted on the syringe to pass. The protection device also includes a collar member 102. The collar member 102 may be fastened and preferably non-releasably mounted on the distal end of the syringe, and is configured to slide within the safety shield 101 in the axial direction of the protection device. The protective device may also include a spring 103 or some other elastic devices for deviating the collar member 102 and the syringe from the safety shield 101. The spring 103 is located in the safety shield 101. When the spring 103 is inserted into the safety shield 101, one end of the spring 103 is adjacent to the narrow end of the safety shield 101, and the other end is adjacent to the collar member 102.

When the protection device is installed on the syringe and is in a storage state, the needle guard 104 and the safety cap 105 can be provided separately from the protection device or as a part of the protection device, so as to protect the needle. The needle guard 104 and the safety cap 105 are releasably inserted into the second opening of the safety guard 101, as shown in FIG. 2.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the safety shield 101 has an extended length, and when the protective device is installed on the syringe and in the storage state, the needle is completely hidden therein. Alternatively or additionally, the proximal end of the safety shield 101 is further extended. When the protection device transitions to the protection (locked) state, a certain length of the inner surface of the safety shield 101 is in contact with the outer surface of the syringe and is External surface support. When the protective device and the syringe are in storage, use an extended-length safety shield to hide the needle, and/or when the protective device and the syringe are in a protected (locked) state, use an extended-length safety shield to keep the syringe The outer surface contacts and is supported by the outer surface of the syringe. The use of an extended-length safety shield can provide safer protection for the needle and medical staff, and provides a sturdy accessory when the syringe is in the storage state and/or in the final protection state after use.

Figures 3A, 4A, and 5A respectively show the storage state, working state, and protection and locking state of the protective device and syringe combination; Figures 3B, 4B, 5B, and 5C are the protective device and syringe combination shown in Figures 3A, 4A, and 5A, respectively Cross-sectional view.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the safety shield is provided with one or more channels 113 along the axial direction of the protection device. The one or more channels correspond to one or more pins or tapered ribs 108 on the collar member 102. In a preferred embodiment, three pins or tapered ribs are provided on the collar member, and three channels corresponding to the three pins or tapered ribs are provided on the safety shield. The channel allows the pin or tapered rib 108 on the collar member 102 to slide therein in the axial direction. As shown in FIGS. 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, and 5C, the pin or tapered rib 108 tapers axially toward the proximal end of the collar member 102. As shown in FIGS. The safety shield 101 also includes one or more first finger elements 107, which can deflect radially outward under the action of an outward biasing force. Preferably, the safety shield 101 includes three first finger-shaped elements 107, and three channels are provided on the corresponding first finger-shaped elements 107 as longitudinal grooves. Alternatively, the first finger element 107 may be disposed in or near the channel. The pins or tapered ribs 108 can slide in their respective grooves, and when the collar member 102 moves toward the proximal end of the safety shield 101, the pins or tapered ribs 108 contact the proximal end of the first finger element 107 and The first finger element 107 is pressed radially outward. When the collar member 102 continues to move toward the proximal end of the safety shield 101, the pin or tapered rib 108 withdraws from the channel, slides further under the first finger element 107, and then falls into the corresponding buckle and locks In it, the buckle is formed by the cut portion 114 on the wall of the safety shield 101 and the proximal end of the first finger element 107, as shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C.

The safety shield 101 also includes a second finger element 106. The second finger element 106 has a tip portion 106a that is expanded or radially extended/convexed inwardly. The collar member 102 has a first guide groove 110 that extends axially and circumferentially from the proximal end of the collar member to the distal end of the collar member. The first guide groove allows the expanded or radially inwardly extended/convex tip portion 106a to slide therein simultaneously in the axial direction and the circumferential direction.

The first guide groove 110 has an opening at the proximal end and a protruding end 111 at the distal end. Preferably, the protruding end 111 gradually narrows toward the distal end of the first guide groove 110. When the protective device is assembled and the collar member 102 is pushed toward the proximal end of the safety shield 101, the second finger element 106 is deflected radially outward under the biasing force generated by the tapered portion of the protruding end 111. When the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip portion 106a of the second finger element 106 passes through the protruding end 111 of the first guide groove 110 and enters the first guide groove 110, the expansion or direction of the second finger element The inner radially extending/protruding tip portion 106a abuts against the protruding end portion 111 of the first guide groove 110 under the biasing force of the spring 103 applied to the collar member 102, so as to releasably fix the syringe in the storage state.

In this embodiment, the expansion or inward radial extension of the second finger element/the coupling of the protruding tip portion and the protruding end portion of the first guide groove is used to ensure that the protection device is safely in the storage position until the syringe is larger than The spring 103 works under the force of the biasing force. Other types of coupling methods, such as friction coupling, clip or snap-on coupling, can be used to secure the protection device in the storage position.

When the collar member 102 axially slides toward the distal end of the safety shield 101, the second finger element 106 deflects laterally, so that the expansion or inward radial extension/protruding tip portion 106a of the second finger element 106 follows The first guide groove 110 slides toward the proximal end of the first guide groove 110. When the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip portion 106a of the second finger element 106 exits the first guide groove 110 from the proximal opening of the first guide groove 110, the second finger element 106 returns to the rest position In this way, when the collar member 102 then axially slides toward the proximal end of the safety shield 101, the expanded tip of the second finger element 106 or the inward radially extending/protruding tip portion 106a escapes from the first guide groove 110.

The collar member 102 further includes a second guide groove 112 which is adjacent to and substantially parallel to the first guide groove 110. When the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip portion 106a of the second finger element 106 is separated from the first guide groove 110, and then the collar member 102 axially slides toward the proximal end of the safety shield 101, the second finger The expanded or inwardly extending/protruding tip portion 106a of the shaped element 106 enters the second guide groove 112, and the second guide groove 112 allows the expanded or inwardly extending/protruding tip portion 106a to exit from its distal end. This allows the pin or tapered rib 108 to exit the channel 113 and move to the buckle formed by the cut-out portion 114 on the wall of the safety shield 101 and the proximal end of the first finger element 107, as shown in FIGS. 5A-5C and 6 shown.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the expanded or inward radially extending/protruding tip portion 106a of the second finger element 106 exits the first guide groove 110, and under the pressure applied to the syringe, the collar member 102 continues When moving to the distal end of the safety shield 101, the pin or tapered rib 108 moves to an intermediate position where the pin or tapered rib 108 is adjacent to the distal end of the channel 113, so that the syringe transitions from a storage state to an injectable working state. When the injection is completed and the pressure is removed, the collar member 102 slides toward the proximal end of the safety shield 101, and finally switches the protection device and syringe combination to a protected and locked state.

Fig. 7A shows a protective device for a syringe installed on a syringe according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7B is an exploded view of the protective device and syringe combination shown in Fig. 7A. Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the protective device and syringe combination of Fig. 7A.

The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment with a few exceptions. In the protection device 200 of the second embodiment, the collar member 202 has at least one pin 211 that extends radially outward from the outer surface of the collar member 202. The second finger element 212 has a guide groove (not shown in the figure) on its inner surface that allows the pin 211 to slide axially therein, and a part of the inner surface of the second finger element 212 is inclined upward to form a side of the guide groove wall. When the second finger element 212 returns to the rest position, the second finger element 212 is configured so that when the collar member 202 is inserted into the safety shield 201 and rotates relative to the safety shield 201, the second finger element 212 Under the action of the biasing force applied by the pin 211, it deflects radially outward to allow the pin 211 to move upward along the slope and fall into the guide groove. In a preferred embodiment, the collar member has two pins 211 arranged on opposite sides of the outer surface of the collar member, and the safety shield 201 has two second pins with guide grooves corresponding to the two pins 211 Two-finger element 212. It is conceivable that the number of pins on the collar member 202 and the number of second finger elements on the safety shield 201 are not limited to any specific number.

Figures 9A, 10A, and 11A respectively show the storage state, working state, and protection and locking state of the protective device and syringe combination; Figures 9B, 10B, 10C, and 11B are the protective device and syringe shown in Figures 9A, 10A, and 11A, respectively Combined cross-sectional view.

As shown in Figures 9A and 9B, the first finger element 206 is provided with a hole 207 on its inner surface. Preferably, the hole 207 on the first finger element 206 is a through hole. The hole 207 is configured to lock the pin 208 when the collar member 202 axially slides within the safety shield 201, so as to secure the syringe in the storage position.

As shown in FIG. 9B, one side of the hole 207 on the first finger element 206 forms a slope toward the distal end of the first finger element 206. When the collar member 202 moves to the distal end of the safety shield 201, the pin 208 can slide under the slope to exit the hole 207, press the first finger element 206 to deflect radially outward, and the pin 208 further Disengage the first finger element 206 and move to an intermediate position where the protective device and syringe combination will be in working condition to allow injection, as shown in FIGS. 10A-10C and 12.

After the injection, the pressure applied to the syringe is removed, and under the biasing force of the spring 203, the collar member 202 will slide toward the proximal end of the safety shield 201.

Preferably, the first finger element 206 has a tapered distal end, and the pin 208 is connected to the pin via an elastic member 210 (for example, a length of corrugated elastic material or any other elastic device that can apply a biasing force to the pin in the circumferential direction) The collar member 202 is used to allow the pin to move in the circumferential direction around the collar member 202. The first finger element 206 and the pin 208 are configured such that when the collar member 202 moves toward the proximal end of the safety shield 201, the pin 208 moves from the intermediate position to the final position along the tapered edge of the distal end of the first finger element 206 When the pin 208 passes through the entire length of the first finger element 206, it will fall into the first buckle 209, and the first buckle 209 is formed by the first finger element 206 under the biasing force exerted by the elastic member 210. The proximal end of the safety shield 201 and a cut-out portion on the wall of the safety shield 201 are formed.

The present invention has been described above with examples, which are for illustrative purposes only. These examples should not be interpreted as intended to limit the scope of protection defined in the claims. As used herein, the terms "architecture", "member" and "element" can be equivalently represented or replaced with any of the following terms: equipment, device, structure, component, sub-component, assembly, sub-assembly, machine, mechanism , Articles, media, materials, appliances, equipment, systems, subjects or similar terms. The terms "pin" and "tapered rib" can be used interchangeably. The terms "expansion", "expansion" and "protrusion" can be used interchangeably. Those skilled in the art will easily understand that, in order to perform the described functions, alternative or equivalent means may be used to replace the specific detailed structures described in the examples. For example, in the first embodiment, other elastic devices (such as a tapered sleeve member formed of an elastic material) can be used instead of a spring to bias the collar member toward the proximal end of the safety shield. Press.

Claims (23)

A protective device for syringes, including: A collar member configured to be mountable on the distal end of the syringe, the collar member having at least one pin; and A sleeve member configured to receive the collar member and allow the collar member to slide therein along the axial direction between the proximal end and the distal end of the sleeve member, the sleeve member having an axial direction Direction channel, the pin on the collar member is configured to be slidable along the channel, Wherein, the sleeve member includes at least one first finger-shaped element associated with the passage, and the first finger-shaped element is configured to deflect radially outward under a biasing force to allow the pin to move from the The first position where the syringe is in the storage state is moved to the second position where the pin is blocked by the proximal end of the first finger element, thereby locking the syringe in the protection state. The protection device according to claim 1, wherein: The first finger-shaped element is arranged in the channel; or The channel is provided in the first finger element. The protection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The pin is configured to slide at least partially under the first finger element in an axial direction when moving from the first position to the second position. A protection device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The sleeve member further includes a second finger element configured to deflect radially outward under the action of a biasing force from the collar member when the protection device is assembled, To allow the collar member to move to a position where the syringe is in a storage state. The protection device according to claim 4, wherein: A portion of the inner surface of the first finger element near the proximal end is inclined upward to form the side wall of the channel provided in the first finger element, so that when the collar member is inserted into the sleeve member and When rotating relative to the sleeve member, the first finger element deflects radially outward under the action of the biasing force exerted by the pin to allow the pin to move upward along the slope. When the shaped element returns to the rest position, the pin falls into the channel. The protection device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: The second finger-shaped element has an expanded tip portion; and The collar member further includes a first guide groove that allows the expanded tip portion to slide in an axial direction therein, the first guide groove has an opening at a proximal end and a convex end at a distal end, wherein , When the protection device is assembled and the collar member is offset toward the proximal end of the sleeve member, the expanded tip portion of the second finger element and the first guide groove The protruding ends abut to releasably fix the syringe in the storage state. The protection device according to claim 6, wherein: The first guide groove extends from the proximal end of the collar member to the distal end of the collar member in the axial and circumferential directions; The second finger element is also configured to deflect laterally when the collar member axially slides toward the distal end of the sleeve member, so that the expanded tip portion of the second finger element is along The first guide groove slides toward the proximal end of the first guide groove, and when the expanded tip portion of the second finger element exits the first guide groove from the opening, When the collar member then axially slides toward the proximal end of the sleeve member to allow the pin to move to the second position, the expanded tip portion of the second finger element moves away from the first The guide groove. The protection device according to claim 7, wherein: The collar member further includes a second guide groove, the second guide groove being substantially parallel to the first guide groove; and After the expanded tip portion exits the first guide groove, when the collar member subsequently axially slides toward the proximal end of the sleeve member, the expanded tip portion enters the second guide groove And sliding to the distal end of the second guide groove therein to allow the pin to move to the second position. The protection device according to any one of the preceding claims, which is further configured such that when the collar member moves to the distal end of the sleeve member, the pin moves from the first position to the third position In the third position, the pin is adjacent to the distal end of the channel, so that the syringe transitions from the storage state to the working state. The protection device according to claim 9, which is configured such that the pin moves from the first position to the third position before moving to the second position. The protection device according to claim 10, wherein the first finger element is configured such that when the pin moves from the third position to the second position, the first finger element is at the The pin is deflected radially outward under the action of the biasing force applied by the pin, and when the pin reaches the second position, the first finger element returns to the rest position, so that the pin is buckled by the first Remaining in place, the first snap is partially formed by the proximal end of the first finger element. The protection device according to claim 4, wherein: The collar member has at least one pin extending radially outward from the outer surface of the collar member; The second finger element has a guide groove to allow the pin to slide axially therein, and a part of the inner surface of the second finger element is inclined upward to form a side wall of the guide groove; and The second finger element is configured such that when the collar member is inserted into the sleeve member and rotates relative to the sleeve member, the second finger element is affected by the biasing force applied by the pin It deflects radially outward under the action to allow the pin to move upward along the slope and fall into the guide groove when the second finger element returns to the rest position. The protection device according to claim 12, wherein: A hole is provided on the inner surface of the first finger element, and the hole is configured to lock the pin when the collar member axially slides in the sleeve member so that the pin reaches the In the first position, the syringe is fixed in the storage position. The protection device according to claim 13, wherein the hole on the first finger element is a through hole, and the pin is visible when the pin is clamped by the hole. The protection device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein one side of the hole on the first finger element forms a slope toward the distal end of the first finger element to allow the pin Exit the hole and move to a third position, wherein when the collar member moves to the distal end of the sleeve member, the syringe is in the working position. The protection device according to claim 14, configured such that the pin moves from the first position to the third position before moving to the second position. The protection device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the first finger element has a tapered distal end, and the pin is connected to the collar member by an elastic member to allow the pin to surround The collar member moves in a circumferential direction, wherein the first finger element and the pin are configured such that when the collar member moves toward the proximal end of the sleeve member, the pin moves along the The tapered edge of the distal end of the first finger element moves from the third position to the second position, and under the force exerted by the elastic member, when the pin is separated from the entire length of the When the first finger element is used, the pin falls into the first buckle, and the first buckle is partially formed by the proximal end of the first finger element. The protective device according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an elastic member configured to axially bias the collar member toward the proximal end of the sleeve member. The protection device according to claim 18, wherein the elastic member includes a spring. The protective device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeve member is configured such that when the protective device is installed on the syringe and locks the syringe in a protective state, the sleeve member faces toward The inner surface of the tip contacts the outer surface of the syringe and is supported by the outer surface of the syringe. The protective device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeve member has an extended length such that when the pin is in the first position, the needle mounted on the syringe is completely hidden in the sleeve Inside the tube member. The protection device according to any one of claims 1-20, which is configured such that when the pin is in the first position, the needle mounted on the syringe moves from the distal end of the sleeve member Partially exposed. The protective device according to claim 22, further comprising a safety cap releasably mounted on the distal end of the sleeve member to protect the needle.

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