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WO2021170174A1 - Agencement de système de pyrolyse d'hydrogène - Google Patents

Agencement de système de pyrolyse d'hydrogène Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021170174A1
WO2021170174A1 PCT/DE2021/100105 DE2021100105W WO2021170174A1 WO 2021170174 A1 WO2021170174 A1 WO 2021170174A1 DE 2021100105 W DE2021100105 W DE 2021100105W WO 2021170174 A1 WO2021170174 A1 WO 2021170174A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactor
substrate
hydrogen
wall
inert gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2021/100105
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Volz
Gert Petrick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Emma Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Emma Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emma Technologies GmbH filed Critical Emma Technologies GmbH
Publication of WO2021170174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021170174A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement comprising a furnace with a reactor, an inner wall, an outer wall, at least one substrate feed for adding a substrate, at least one hydrogen feed for adding hydrogen, at least one product discharge, at least one Inert gas supply and at least one inert gas discharge, the substrate having hydrocarbon compounds, the inner wall enclosing the reactor and the outer wall enclosing the furnace.
  • Pyrolysis is well known in the prior art. During pyrolysis, organic compounds, i.e. compounds containing hydrocarbons, are thermochemically decomposed. In contrast to combustion, the process takes place with the exclusion of oxygen only under the influence of heat. If fuels containing oxygen, such as wood, are used, oxidation reactions also take place during the decomposition process.
  • the document DE 4446964 C2 discloses, for example, a method and a device for the pyrolytic decomposition of plastic waste and in particular a procedure with which one can effectively carry out a pyrolytic decomposition of waste plastic, including polyvinyl chloride resins and the like, with the formation of a high quality heating oil by pyrolysis of the waste plastic .
  • a plant is the one pyrolysis reactor, which is configured so that it heats molten mixed plastic waste, pyrolysis gases with a first temperature of about 350 ° C to 425 ° C and pyrolysis slurry or pyrolysis coal at a second To generate temperature of 722 ° C to 1400 ° C, disclosed.
  • the problems in the prior art are essentially that there are many approaches to the decomposition of hydrocarbon-containing substrates using pyrolysis and just as many approaches to generating energy from hydrocarbon-containing substrates via, for example, incineration.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing an arrangement for the hydrogen pyrolysis system in which hydrogen gas and carbon are separated from hydrocarbon-containing waste, in particular plastic, by means of pyrolysis. Another task is to extract methane in a further step for use in energy supply or fuel production.
  • the hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement comprises a furnace with a reactor, an inner wall, an outer wall, at least one substrate supply for adding a substrate, at least one hydrogen supply for adding hydrogen, at least one product discharge, at least one inert gas supply and at least one Inert gas discharge, the substrate having hydrocarbon compounds, the inner wall enclosing the reactor and the outer wall enclosing the furnace, characterized in that the outer wall has the inert gas supply and the inert gas discharge, the substrate supply leads into the reactor in the form of a pipe, the The opening is located above the reactor floor, the hydrogen supply leads into the reactor in the form of a pipe, the opening of which is located above the reactor floor, the temperature in the reactor is set above 800 ° C at atmospheric pressure and is adjusted accordingly in the event of a pressure change in the reactor, a complete Decomposition of the substrate in the substrate supply before it flows out into the reactor takes place due to the high reactor temperature, the product discharge leads out of the reactor in the form of a tube, the opening of which is located just
  • methane can be formed in the top section of the product discharge from carbon and hydrogen.
  • the substrate supply can be designed as a supply for a mixture of substrate and hydrogen and the decomposition of the substrate in the substrate supply before it flows out into the Reactor takes place, a reaction between hydrogen and substrate constituents is not possible even in the feed pipe of the substrate supply.
  • the substrate can be plastic, it is possible with the hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement according to the invention to convert plastic waste that is otherwise difficult to recycle into methane for power generation and thermal energy for further use.
  • the area between the inner wall and the outer wall of the furnace can be designed for continuous flushing with an inert gas, e.g. air or nitrogen.
  • an inert gas e.g. air or nitrogen.
  • hydrogen escaping is detected with a hydrogen sensor. This triggers the flooding of the outer furnace with inert gas (e.g. nitrogen) before the oxyhydrogen limit is reached. This reliably prevents the risk of explosion.
  • the substrate is added in portions via the substrate supply and not continuously, it is important to control the substrate addition into the reactor so that the decomposition of the substrate of each substrate portion in the substrate supply is guaranteed before it reaches the inside of the reactor.
  • the time intervals between the addition of the individual substrate portions are determined by the heat capacity or conductivity of the pipe.
  • the reactor volume of the furnace must be at least three times the resulting gas volume of the substrate introduced, so that a homogeneous distribution of the gas is ensured.
  • carbon and hydrogen are continuously discharged, with methane at a temperature of about 600 ° C. being formed in the top section of the product discharge. This methane is then stored for further use.
  • the hydrocarbon-containing substrate is conveyed, for example, via a gas-tight scoop into a reactor, which is heated to this 900 ° C., whereby the hydrocarbon-containing substrate is gasified by the pyrolysis and expands in the process.
  • pyrolysis gases are mainly formed during the pyrolysis of a substrate containing hydrocarbons.
  • the gas escapes through an exhaust pipe and is subcooled through a cooling pipe.
  • the hydrogen gas is collected in a tank at the end of the cooling tube and the carbon is captured, for example, in a filter in the cooling tube.
  • the cooling tube is preferably shaped as a spiral from which the hydrogen gas can flow.
  • the hydrogen gas is collected in a container.
  • the carbon can accumulate in the spiral tube and, for example, transported by nitrogen from the tube into a collecting container. Or the carbon can accumulate in a filter, which can be a mesh of metal threads, for example, and can thus be reused.
  • the additional addition of hydrogen changes the ratio of the reactants to one another and thus changes the composition of the resulting product, so that methane is formed in the top section of the methane discharge.
  • the methane formed is first stored and later used, for example, to generate energy through combined heat and power plants.
  • the gaseous hydrogen required for the hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement can be obtained, for example, via a hydrogen electrolysis system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement 1 according to the invention.
  • a furnace 2 with an outer wall 21 and an inner wall 22 comprises a reactor 23.
  • An inert gas inlet 24 and an inert gas outlet 25 are located in the outer wall 21.
  • a hydrogen sensor 251 is installed in the inert gas outlet 25 to prevent possible leaks in the reactor 23 can be detected.
  • a substrate feed 26 and a hydrogen feed 27 lead into the interior of the reactor.
  • the opening of the substrate supply 261 and the opening of the hydrogen supply 271 are located above the reactor bottom 231.
  • a product discharge 28 leads out of the reactor.
  • the opening of the product discharge 281 is located just below the reactor cover 232.
  • An inert gas 3 floods the area between the outer wall 21 and the inner wall 22 of the furnace 2 when hydrogen is detected.
  • a substrate 4 is introduced into the reactor 23 via the substrate supply 26 and hydrogen 5 is introduced via the hydrogen supply 27.
  • Hydrogen 5 and carbon leave reactor 23 via product discharge 28 and are converted to methane 6 within the cover section of reactor 23.
  • the reactor 23 is kept at an operating temperature of 900 ° C.
  • the methane that forms within the cover section of the reactor in the product discharge 28 has a temperature below 600.degree.
  • a furnace 2 has a diameter of 40.5 centimeters and a height of 68.5 centimeters.
  • the reactor 23 built into the furnace 2 has a volume of 42 liters, a diameter of 30 centimeters and a height of 60 centimeters and stands on feet in the furnace.
  • the substrate feed 26 has a diameter of 3 centimeters and the opening of the substrate feed 261 is 3 cm above the reactor bottom 231.
  • the hydrogen feed 27 has a diameter of 0.25 inches and the opening of the hydrogen feed 271 is 3 cm above the reactor bottom 231. Both the substrate supply 26 and the hydrogen supply protrude 20 centimeters perpendicularly from the furnace 2.
  • the addition of substrate 4 and hydrogen 5 into the hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement 1 is carried out 20 centimeters above the outer wall 21 of the furnace 2 for thermal decoupling.
  • the opening of the product discharge 281 is located 0.5 centimeters below the reactor cover 232.
  • the product discharge 28 has a diameter of 12 millimeters and is also guided vertically out of the reactor 23 to a height of 20 cm above the outer wall 21 of the furnace 2, before it merges into the cooling pipe and is led out of the hydrogen pyrolysis system 1.
  • the inert gas supply 24 in the outer wall of the furnace 21 has a diameter of 0.25 inches and the inert gas discharge 25 from the outer wall of the furnace 21 has a diameter of 0.75 inches.
  • a hydrogen sensor 251 is built into the inert gas discharge 25.
  • the hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement 1 With the aid of the hydrogen pyrolysis system arrangement 1 according to the invention, it is possible to convert a hydrocarbon-containing substrate 4, in particular plastic waste, into methane 6 via gasification and reaction with externally supplied hydrogen 5.
  • the resulting heat can be used in other processes and can also be used to maintain the operating temperature in the reactor 23.
  • the resulting methane 6 is temporarily stored and can be used in block-type thermal power stations or for the production of liquefied natural gas.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un agencement de système de pyrolyse d'hydrogène (1) comprenant un four (2) comprenant un réacteur (23), une paroi interne (22), une paroi extérieure (21), au moins une entrée de substrat (26) pour l'ajout d'un substrat (4), au moins une entrée d'hydrogène (27) pour l'addition d'hydrogène (5), au moins une sortie de produit (28), au moins une entrée de gaz inerte (24) et au moins une sortie de gaz inerte (25), le substrat (4) comprenant des composés de carbone, la paroi interne (22) entoure le réacteur (23), et la paroi externe (21) entoure le four (2), caractérisé en ce que la paroi extérieure (21) a l'entrée de gaz inerte (24) et la sortie de gaz inerte (25), l'entrée de substrat (26) débouche dans le réacteur sous la forme d'un tube, l'ouverture (261) est située au-dessus de la base de réacteur (231), l'entrée d'hydrogène (27) débouche dans le réacteur sous la forme d'un tube, l'ouverture (271) est située au-dessus de la base de réacteur (231), la température dans le réacteur (23) est réglé au-dessus de 800 °C à la pression atmosphérique et est ajusté de manière appropriée en cas de changement de pression dans le réacteur (23), le substrat (4) est décomposée complètement à l'intérieur de l'entrée de substrat (26) avant qu'il ne s'écoule dans le réacteur (23) du fait de la température de réacteur élevée, de la sortie de produit (28) débouche hors du réacteur sous la forme d'un tube, l'ouverture (281) se trouve étroitement en dessous du couvercle de réacteur (232), et la capacité de réacteur du four (2) est au moins trois fois le volume de gaz formé par le substrat (4) introduit.
PCT/DE2021/100105 2020-02-24 2021-02-03 Agencement de système de pyrolyse d'hydrogène Ceased WO2021170174A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020104763.0A DE102020104763B3 (de) 2020-02-24 2020-02-24 Hydrogen-Pyrolyse-System-Anordnung
DE102020104763.0 2020-02-24

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021170174A1 true WO2021170174A1 (fr) 2021-09-02

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WO (1) WO2021170174A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024104882B3 (de) 2024-02-21 2025-06-05 Rational Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum beladungsabhängigen Einstellen einer Mikrowellenleistung in einem Gargerät
DE102024117920B3 (de) * 2024-06-25 2025-05-08 Aimes Gmbh Wasserstofferzeugung-Pyrolyse-System-Anordnung und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2397432A (en) * 1944-06-16 1946-03-26 Elmer H Records Apparatus for treating carbonaceous material
DE4446964C2 (de) 1993-12-28 2002-07-04 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum pyrolytischen Zersetzen von Kunststoffabfall
US20080197012A1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2008-08-21 Agri-Therm Limited Apparatus and Process for the Pyrolysis of Agricultural Biomass
US20100031571A1 (en) * 2006-12-05 2010-02-11 Bengt-Sture Ershag Reactor for pyrolysis and method for charging and emptying such a reactor
CN107382008A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-24 河北国惠环保科技有限公司 一种开放性水域污泥处理用热解反应器及污泥处理方法
WO2018000050A1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Future Energy Investments Pty Ltd Installation et procédé de pyrolyse de déchets plastiques mixtes

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2543514A1 (de) * 1975-09-30 1977-04-07 Thagard Technology Co Verfahren zur durchfuehrung chemischer reaktionen bei hohen temperaturen, hierfuer geeigneter reaktionsapparat und dessen anwendung
DE69624073T2 (de) * 1995-11-28 2003-08-14 Ebara Corp., Tokio/Tokyo Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abfällen mittels Vergasung
US8383871B1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2013-02-26 Brian G. Sellars Method of hydrogasification of biomass to methane with low depositable tars

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2397432A (en) * 1944-06-16 1946-03-26 Elmer H Records Apparatus for treating carbonaceous material
DE4446964C2 (de) 1993-12-28 2002-07-04 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum pyrolytischen Zersetzen von Kunststoffabfall
US20080197012A1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2008-08-21 Agri-Therm Limited Apparatus and Process for the Pyrolysis of Agricultural Biomass
US20100031571A1 (en) * 2006-12-05 2010-02-11 Bengt-Sture Ershag Reactor for pyrolysis and method for charging and emptying such a reactor
WO2018000050A1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 Future Energy Investments Pty Ltd Installation et procédé de pyrolyse de déchets plastiques mixtes
CN107382008A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-24 河北国惠环保科技有限公司 一种开放性水域污泥处理用热解反应器及污泥处理方法

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Publication number Publication date
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