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WO2021168494A1 - Appareil et procédé pour mesurer les propriétés d'un fluide - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour mesurer les propriétés d'un fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021168494A1
WO2021168494A1 PCT/AT2021/060060 AT2021060060W WO2021168494A1 WO 2021168494 A1 WO2021168494 A1 WO 2021168494A1 AT 2021060060 W AT2021060060 W AT 2021060060W WO 2021168494 A1 WO2021168494 A1 WO 2021168494A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
fluid
electrometer
measuring
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AT2021/060060
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Bergmann
Mario SCHRIEFL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVL Ditest Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
AVL Ditest Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AVL Ditest Austria GmbH filed Critical AVL Ditest Austria GmbH
Priority to DE112021000177.9T priority Critical patent/DE112021000177A5/de
Publication of WO2021168494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021168494A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
    • G01N27/68—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas
    • G01N27/70—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode using electric discharge to ionise a gas and measuring current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0266—Investigating particle size or size distribution with electrical classification
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/704—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter
    • G01F1/7046—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter using electrical loaded particles as tracer, e.g. ions or electrons
    • G01F1/7048—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter using electrical loaded particles as tracer, e.g. ions or electrons the concentration of electrical loaded particles giving an indication of the flow
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0003—Determining electric mobility, velocity profile, average speed or velocity of a plurality of particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/005—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by using a jet directed into the fluid
    • G01P5/006—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by using a jet directed into the fluid the jet used is composed of ionised or radioactive particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for measuring properties of a fluid which flows through a flow channel as a fluid flow, charge carriers of the fluid being charged in a pulsating manner in a charging unit, and the charge entrained in the fluid flow being measured in an electrometer arranged on the flow channel downstream of the charging unit.
  • the present invention further relates to a device for measuring properties of a fluid, the device having a flow channel through which the fluid can flow as a fluid stream, a charging unit in which charge carriers of the fluid are charged in a pulsating manner during a measurement, and an electrometer, the Electrometer for measuring the charge entrained in the fluid flow is arranged downstream of the charging unit on the flow channel.
  • W01 4033040 A1 discloses devices and methods for measuring particles carried along in a fluid flow.
  • the particles carried along in the fluid flow are charged in a charging unit in a pulsed manner.
  • the charge carried in the fluid flow is measured in a ring electrode located downstream of the charging unit, and the number of particles, particle size and particle distribution are determined from the measurement signal.
  • EP 0386665 A2 discloses devices and methods for measuring particles and particle concentrations of aerosols.
  • the device has a charging unit and several ring sensors arranged behind it. If the sensor distance is known, the mean flow velocity can be determined by measuring the time shift from several individual signals.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide methods and devices with which the susceptibility to errors of known systems can be reduced and the measurement accuracy can be increased.
  • a method of the type mentioned at the outset in which, using a known value for the length of a measuring transducer of the electrometer, the ratio of length (LFC) to diameter of the measuring transducer being selected to be greater than 1, preferably more at least one fluid dynamic property of the fluid and / or a particle property of charge carriers entrained in the fluid flow is determined as a multiple of 1 and a measurement profile measured by the electrometer.
  • “Properties of a fluid” are generally any fluid-technical, chemical and / or physical properties of the fluid and / or the charge carriers entrained in the fluid.
  • pulsesatingly charged refers to time-dependent charging in which the power of the charging unit is changed in a pulsating manner.
  • the power can alternate, for example, in the manner of a square-wave signal, alternating between a first power level and a second power level (which can have the same polarity as the first power level or a different polarity than the first power level or it can also be zero), or it can alternate continuously , can be varied in the form of a sine curve. If necessary, the power can also be varied in the form of a triangular signal or a sawtooth signal. With a square wave signal it is possible to create a very clearly defined boundary between charged flow sections and uncharged flow sections.
  • a plug flow condition can be generated to a good approximation.
  • a “plug flow” is a flow behavior (which does not occur in reality) in which the fluid moves over the entire cross-section of the flow channel in the same direction and at the same speed.
  • At least one determined fluid dynamic property can advantageously be selected from an average flow velocity, a maximum flow velocity and a flow shape.
  • the “flow form” is the deviation of the flow path from the idealized “plug flow” form, in particular whether it is a turbulent or laminar flow.
  • At least one determined particle property can advantageously be an average particle size.
  • the particle size can be determined, for example, on the basis of the signal shape of value peaks. The inventors have found that there is a connection between the width of the value peaks in the measurement process and the size of the particles. This correlation can be used to determine an average particle size.
  • the fluid flow can be conditioned in a flow straightener which is arranged at an inlet of the measuring transducer.
  • the flow conditions can be approximated to the idealized assumed plug flow conditions, which simplifies the calculation and increases the measurement accuracy.
  • the flow straightener can be formed by a lattice structure, which is preferably arranged essentially normal to an axis of the flow channel.
  • the flow straightener consists at least partially of a conductive material, in particular metal. A complete design made of a conductive material is also possible.
  • the flow straightener can be used at the same time as part of the measuring transducer, which can be designed as a Faraday cage and delimits the measuring transducer at the inlet of the measuring transducer, at the outlet of the measuring transducer and on the circumference of the flow channel.
  • At least one value peaks distance between two successive value peaks of the measurement curve can be determined. If the first value peak corresponds to the entry of a charged area of the fluid flow into the inlet of the measuring transducer and the second value peak corresponds to the exit of the same charged area of the fluid flow at the outlet of the measuring transducer, the value peak distance can be used with knowledge of the length between inlet and outlet (ie about the length of the Faraday Cup tube) and the length of the charged flow section directly determine the mean flow velocity of the fluid flow.
  • a “peak value” refers to an area of the (possibly smoothed) measurement curve that is completely above or below a selectable limit value and has a pronounced and unambiguous maximum value or minimum value.
  • the measurement curve intersects the limit value at the beginning and at the end of the peak value. This definition therefore includes both positive and negative value peaks.
  • the measurement progression can in particular be the progression, measured by an electrometer, of a displacement current caused by the charge in the fluid.
  • At least one signal form of the measurement curve in particular in the area of a value peak, can advantageously be evaluated.
  • the average particle size can be inferred from the width of a value peak.
  • Knowledge of the manner in which the signal shape is evaluated can be generated by the person skilled in the art with knowledge of the teachings disclosed herein on the basis of conventional experiments and tests. If necessary, a unit of artificial intelligence, for example a neural network, can be trained accordingly to evaluate the measurement process.
  • At least one correction factor for the determined fluid dynamic property and / or Particle property can be determined.
  • very small charge carriers for example small particles or ions in the molecular range
  • a "slip correction” can be used, since the speed of these particles does not exactly match that of the carrier fluid.
  • the exact determination of the correction factor can be worked out, for example, by means of theoretical calculations or on the basis of tests and experiments.
  • the present invention relates to a device of the type mentioned at the beginning, which has an evaluation unit with which at least one fluid dynamic property of the fluid and / or a Particle property of entrained in the fluid flow charge carriers can be determined.
  • a device has a very simple structure with only a few elements, which reduces the susceptibility of the device to errors compared with the complex devices known in the prior art.
  • a flow straightener can advantageously be arranged at an input of the measuring sensor in order to standardize the flow profile in the area of the measuring sensor. This makes the evaluation easier and increases the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the flow straightener can be formed by a lattice structure.
  • the flow straightener advantageously consists at least partially of a conductive material, in particular metal.
  • a complete design made of a conductive material is also possible.
  • the flow straightener can be used, for example, as part of a Faraday cage that is used as a measuring sensor.
  • the flow straightener arranged directly in front of the measuring area of the electrometer ensures that the flow profile within the measuring transducer is as normal as possible to the flow direction (or the axis of the flow channel) essentially over the entire cross section. In the ideal case, this results in a compact “charge package” (in the form of an idealized plug-flow form) in order to generate a displacement current in the electrometer that essentially corresponds to a square-wave signal.
  • the measuring sensor of the electrometer can advantageously be a Faraday cup tube.
  • the tubular course allows a simple determination or definition of the length of the measuring sensor and is structurally simple to manufacture.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 show exemplary, schematic and non-limiting advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows 1 shows a schematic representation of a device for measuring properties of a fluid,
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a device for measuring properties of a fluid with a flow straightener
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a flow channel with a flow straightener arranged therein
  • FIG. 8 shows a diagram with a comparison of the courses of measurement currents as they are recorded by the electrometer in the charge courses shown in FIG. 7.
  • the fluid can, for example, be a gas carrying particles or aerosols, for example an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (without being restricted thereto).
  • the fluid flow 1 On the way through the flow channel 2, the fluid flow 1 first flows through a charging unit 3 and then reaches a measuring transducer 6 of an electrometer 5, the measuring transducer 6 between an inlet 7 (at which the fluid flow 1 flows into the measuring range of the measuring transducer 6) and a Output 8 (in which the fluid flow 1 leaves the measuring range of the measuring transducer 6) has a defined length LFC.
  • the ratio of length to diameter of the measuring sensor 6 should have a sufficiently high ratio for efficient charge detection and should in any case be greater than 1, preferably more than a multiple of 1.
  • a sufficiently high ratio is given when the pulse length of the value injection is short enough to be able to resolve the value peaks.
  • An advantageous prerequisite for this is that the value of the difference in the duration t R s shown in FIG.
  • the charging unit 3 can function according to any desired charging principle, it being possible for charge carriers (in particular particles, aerosols or molecules) carried along in the fluid stream 1 to be provided with a positive or negative electrical charge.
  • the charging unit 3 can work according to the principle of corona charging.
  • the electrical charging takes place via a corona wire arranged in the flow channel 2.
  • Corresponding charging units 3 e.g. photoelectric, plasma charging, etc. are known per se in the technical field and a detailed description of the charging principles is therefore dispensed with here, unless they are particularly relevant to the present disclosure.
  • charge carriers are any particles entrained in the fluid stream 1 that may have a positive or negative electrical charge.
  • solid particles and aerosols e.g. soot, fine dust, droplets, etc.
  • molecules and ions count as charge carriers.
  • the charging unit 3 has a charge area with a defined length Lc, within which, when the charging unit 3 is activated, essentially all charge carriers in the charge area are electrically charged.
  • the charging unit 3 is operated in a pulsed manner, that is to say, for example, switched on and off at intervals, with charge carriers that are in the area of the charging unit 3 during the switched-on phases being charged. Since the fluid flow 1 moves in the flow direction during the switch-on phases, a charged flow section 15 is generated in each switch-on phase, which then moves along with the fluid flow 1 along the flow channel 2. In Fig. 1, three charged flow sections 15, 15 ‘and 15 ′′ are shown. The length of the charged flow sections 15 depends on the length Lc of the charge area of the charging unit 3, on the flow rate and on the length of the switch-on phase.
  • the charged charge carriers in the fluid stream 1 are shown schematically as full dots and the uncharged charge carriers as empty dots.
  • plug flow condition Since the charged flow sections 15 thus move like a “plug” along the flow channel 2, this assumption is referred to as a “plug flow condition”.
  • the assumption of plug-flow conditions serves to simplify the description, the representation and the theoretical consideration, but it is clear that real flow conditions do not realize this assumption or only to an approximation. In fact, if there is a laminar flow, for example, the “fronts” of the charged flow sections 15 will “smear”, since the charge carriers in the center of the pipe flow faster than the charge carriers near the wall.
  • a charged flow section 15 now reaches the area of the measuring sensor 6, the charged charge carriers generate a displacement current in the measuring sensor 6, which is converted into a voltage signal with the aid of a measuring circuit of the electrometer 5, transmitted to an evaluation unit and evaluated by this evaluation unit 12.
  • the charge in the measuring sensor 6 initially rises steadily.
  • the slope begins at the moment at which the front front of the charged flow section 15 meets the inlet 7 of the measuring sensor 6 and continues until the moment when either the entire charged flow section 15 is within the measuring range defined by the measuring sensor 6 ( if the length LFC of the measuring sensor 6 is longer than the length of the charged flow section 15) or this measuring area is completely occupied by the charged flow section 15 (ie if the length LFC of the measuring sensor 6 is shorter than the length of the charged flow section 15).
  • the initial increase is followed by a period in which the charge does not change (either because the flow section 15 is completely within the measuring range or because the measuring range is completely is encompassed by the flow section 15).
  • the flow section 15 then leaves the measuring range again, there follows a period in which the charge steadily falls.
  • Such an exemplary charge profile is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the duration t R of the charge increase corresponds to the time that the front of the charged flow section 15 needs to move from the inlet 7 to the outlet 8 of the sensor.
  • the duration t R s from the beginning of the initial increase in the charge to the beginning of the decrease in the charge corresponds to the time between the entry of the charged flow section 15 into the inlet 7 of the measuring sensor 6 and the point in time at which the rear end of the charged flow section 15 the input 7 of the sensor 6 happened.
  • Fig. 3 shows the course of a displacement current that depends on the charge course as shown in Fig.
  • the circuit shown in FIG. 1 generates, for example, a voltage signal from the displacement current which can be evaluated in the evaluation unit 12.
  • any other circuit known to those skilled in the art and which is suitable for the purpose can also be used for this purpose.
  • the transitions from the ramp sections to the unchanged sections of the charge course can be seen as jumps.
  • FIG. 4 shows two measurement curves of the displacement flow that can result in a more realistic situation in which, for example, a laminar flow prevails in the flow channel 2.
  • the fronts of the charged flow sections are “smeared” because the charge carriers in the center of the pipe flow faster than the charge carriers near the wall.
  • the measurement curve deviates more or less strongly from the rectangular shape described above and value peaks are formed, the value peaks being higher the more smeared the signal is.
  • the integral which corresponds to the course of the charge
  • the height of the value peaks correlates with the flow velocity in the center of the flow channel 2, while the average flow velocity can be calculated from the value peaks distance 16 between two successive value peaks.
  • a first measurement curve 9 ′ is shown as a dashed line, which has relatively strongly pronounced, slender value peaks 11.
  • a turbulent flow profile approximates the plug-flow conditions better than a laminar flow, since in turbulent flow the speed only increases within the laminar boundary layer and then remains almost constant over the cross-section.
  • the first measurement profile 9 ′ with the pronounced value peaks could correspond to a laminar flow, and the second measurement profile 9 ′ to a turbulent flow.
  • the signal shape ie the measurement profile
  • a statement can thus be made as to whether a laminar or a turbulent flow profile is present. This can be done in practice can be used, for example, to detect whether a flow straightener is present or not.
  • FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of a flow straightener 10 in the flow channel 2 shown schematically, the flow straightener 10 preferably being arranged directly in front of the measuring sensor 6.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows what effect the flow straightener 10 has on a flow profile 14.
  • the flow front of the charged flow section 15 runs essentially normal to the direction of flow. The further away the charged flow section 15 is from the loading unit 3, the more parabolic the flow profile 14 becomes.
  • a flow with a smoothed flow profile 14 ' is formed.
  • FIG. 7 shows a comparison of three charge profiles that were obtained with charge carriers of different sizes.
  • Fig. 8 the corresponding measurement curves of the displacement current are shown.
  • the measurement profiles were determined by a simulation of the device shown schematically in FIG. 1, the same device being used for all measurement profiles and only the size of the charge carriers being changed in each case.
  • the charge profile 13 shown as a continuous line (and the corresponding measurement profile 9) was obtained with particles of 23 nm.
  • the charge curve 13 ‘shown as a dashed line (and the corresponding measurement curve 9) was obtained with particles of 100 nm.
  • the charge curve 13 "shown as a dash-dot line (and the corresponding measurement curve 9") was obtained with particles of 200 nm.
  • the measurement profile 9 of the small particles has significantly less pronounced value peaks than the measurement profiles 9 and 9 ′′ of the larger particles (100 and 200 nm). It was surprisingly found by the inventor that the measurement curve is therefore also dependent on the particle size. It is assumed, without being bound by this theory, that larger particles follow the fluid flow better than small particles. Small particles show a certain amount of slip. Depending on the particle properties, for example, step-like signal forms also occur in the value peaks, from whose size and position certain particle properties can be inferred.
  • the correction factor depends on the mobility diameter (d) of the particles and the mean free path l. Further parameters are determined empirically.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de mesure des propriétés d'un fluide qui s'écoule à travers un canal d'écoulement (2) sous la forme d'un écoulement de fluide. Des porteurs de charge (4) du fluide sont chargés de manière pulsée dans une unité de charge (3) et la charge transportée dans l'écoulement de fluide (1) est mesurée sur un électromètre (5) disposé sur le canal d'écoulement (2) en aval de l'unité de charge (3). Au moins une propriété dynamique de fluide du fluide et/ou une propriété de particule des porteurs de charge (4) transportés dans l'écoulement de fluide (1) est déterminée à l'aide d'une valeur connue de la longueur (LFC) d'un capteur de mesure (6) de l'électromètre (5) et d'un historique de mesure (9) mesuré par l'électromètre (5).
PCT/AT2021/060060 2020-02-26 2021-02-25 Appareil et procédé pour mesurer les propriétés d'un fluide Ceased WO2021168494A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112021000177.9T DE112021000177A5 (de) 2020-02-26 2021-02-25 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur messung von eigenschaften eines fluids

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50142/2020A AT523591B1 (de) 2020-02-26 2020-02-26 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Messung von Eigenschaften eines Fluids
ATA50142/2020 2020-02-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022205432A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2023-11-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung zumindest eines Parameters einer Flüssigkeit

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3763428A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-10-02 Varian Associates Simultaneous measurement of the size distribution of aerosol particles and the number of particles of each size in a flowing gaseous medium
EP0386665A2 (fr) 1989-03-08 1990-09-12 Singer, Hermann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Procédé et appareil pour mesurer des particules dans des systèmes polydispersés et pour mesurer la concentration de particules d'aérosols monodispersés
US20020125422A1 (en) * 2001-01-17 2002-09-12 Fuerstenau Stephen D. Particle charge spectrometer
US20040169137A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-09-02 Westphall Michael S. Inductive detection for mass spectrometry
US20100282006A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2010-11-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Device for characterizing a size distribution of electrically-charged airborne particles in an air flow
WO2014033040A1 (fr) 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Naneos Particle Solutions Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de mesure d'aérosol

Family Cites Families (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4456883A (en) * 1982-10-04 1984-06-26 Ambac Industries, Incorporated Method and apparatus for indicating an operating characteristic of an internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3763428A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-10-02 Varian Associates Simultaneous measurement of the size distribution of aerosol particles and the number of particles of each size in a flowing gaseous medium
EP0386665A2 (fr) 1989-03-08 1990-09-12 Singer, Hermann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Procédé et appareil pour mesurer des particules dans des systèmes polydispersés et pour mesurer la concentration de particules d'aérosols monodispersés
US20020125422A1 (en) * 2001-01-17 2002-09-12 Fuerstenau Stephen D. Particle charge spectrometer
US20040169137A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-09-02 Westphall Michael S. Inductive detection for mass spectrometry
US20100282006A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2010-11-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Device for characterizing a size distribution of electrically-charged airborne particles in an air flow
WO2014033040A1 (fr) 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Naneos Particle Solutions Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de mesure d'aérosol

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022205432A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2023-11-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung zumindest eines Parameters einer Flüssigkeit

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AT523591A1 (de) 2021-09-15
AT523591B1 (de) 2022-06-15

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