WO2021153309A1 - Bitterness inhibitor having carotenoid degradation product as active ingredient - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a material having the excellent effect of inhibiting the bitterness of an oral composition containing a bitter component.　A bitterness inhibitor for an oral composition containing a bitter component, the bitterness inhibitor having a carotenoid degradation product as an active ingredient. This bitterness inhibitor may be prepared by means of a production method comprising a step for obtaining a carotenoid degradation product by subjecting a carotenoid in oil or fat to an oxidation process. The carotenoid degradation product is preferably one or more degradation products selected from the group consisting of carotenes and xanthophylls. The bitterness inhibitor is optimally used as a material for inhibiting the bitterness of an oral composition, or the like, that contains a bitter component.

Description

A bitterness suppressant containing a carotenoid decomposition product as an active ingredient

The present invention relates to a carotenoid decomposition product having an excellent effect of suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition and its use.

If the bitterness component is contained in foods, pharmaceuticals, or quasi-drugs (hereinafter, these are referred to as "oral compositions"), it causes a problem when ingested orally. In foods, it affects palatability and causes a decrease in commercial value. In the case of pharmaceuticals and quasi-drugs, it may cause a decrease in medication compliance, and the desired effect of the active ingredient may not be obtained. In addition, bitterness is sensed by taste buds distributed in the pharynx, larynx, uvula, and upper esophagus, and affects swallowing movement. If the bitterness is strong, it may cause a swallowing reflex as a protective reaction, which gives an unpleasant impression to the oral composition having such a bitterness.

Therefore, as a method for improving the bitterness of an oral composition containing a bitterness component, it has been studied to add various masking components to suppress the bitterness, and various proposals have been made. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method of suppressing the bitterness of a concentrated liquid food by adding a malt extract. However, in view of consumer tastes and diversification of needs from businesses such as pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, and foods, it has been desired to provide new materials having different origins from the conventional ones.

JP-A-2010-246432

An object of the present invention is to provide a material having an excellent effect of suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition containing a bitterness component.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the bitterness of an oral composition containing a bitterness component can be suppressed by using a carotenoid decomposition product, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1]
A bitterness suppressant of an oral composition containing a bitterness component containing a carotenoid decomposition product as an active ingredient.
[2]
The bitterness inhibitor according to [1], wherein the carotenoid decomposition product is one or more decomposition products selected from the group consisting of carotene and xanthophyll.
[3]
The bitterness suppressant according to [1] or [2], wherein the bitterness suppressant contains the carotenoid decomposition product in an amount of 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.
[4]
The bitterness inhibitor according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the carotenoid decomposition product is a carotenoid heat oxidative decomposition product.
[5]
The bitterness inhibitor according to any one of [1] to [4], which is a form of an oil / fat composition.
[6]
An oral composition comprising the bitterness inhibitor and bitterness component according to any one of [1] to [5].
[7]
A food containing the bitterness suppressant and bitterness component according to any one of [1] to [5].
[8]
A method for producing a bitterness inhibitor of an oral composition, which comprises a step of oxidizing carotenoids in fats and oils to obtain carotenoid decomposition products.
[9]
The production method according to [8], wherein the fat or oil is a fat or oil obtained by a step of adding a carotenoid to the raw material fat or oil.
[10]
The production method according to [8], wherein the fat and oil is a palm-based fat and oil having a total content of β-carotene and α-carotene of 50 mass ppm or more and 2000 mass ppm or less.
[11]
The production method according to any one of [8] to [10], wherein the fat and oil is a fat and oil having an iodine value of 0 or more and 140 or less.
[12]
The production method according to any one of [8] to [11], wherein the oxidation treatment is a treatment for oxidizing the fat and oil so that the peroxide value is 3 or more and 250 or less.
[13]
The production method according to any one of [8] to [12], wherein the oxidation treatment is carried out by heat treatment at 50 ° C. or higher and 220 ° C. or lower for 0.1 hour or more and 240 hours or less.
[14]
The production method according to [13], wherein the heat treatment is performed when the product of the heating temperature (° C.) and the heating time (hours) is 20 or more and 20000 or less.
[15]
The production method according to any one of [8] to [14], wherein the oxidation treatment is carried out by supplying oxygen.
[16]
The production method according to any one of [8] to [15], which comprises a step of mixing the carotenoid decomposition product with a fat and oil.
[17]
The production method according to any one of [8] to [16], wherein the bitterness inhibitor contains the carotenoid decomposition product in an amount of 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.
[18]
A method for suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition containing a material exhibiting a bitter taste, wherein the material or the oral composition contains a carotenoid decomposition product.
[19]
The method for suppressing bitterness according to [18], wherein the oral composition contains the carotenoid decomposition product in an amount of 1 × ^{10-8% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.}
[20]
A method for producing an oral composition, which comprises a step of adding a carotenoid decomposition product to the material or the oral composition, which is a method for producing an oral composition containing a material exhibiting a bitter taste.
[21]
A composition in which bitterness is suppressed, which comprises a bitterness component and a carotenoid decomposition product.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a material having an excellent effect of suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition containing a bitterness component by utilizing a carotenoid decomposition product.

The present invention is a bitterness suppressant of an oral composition containing a bitterness component containing a carotenoid decomposition product as an active ingredient. The bitterness suppressant has a function of suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition containing a bitterness component.

The carotenoid decomposition product used in the present invention is a decomposition product of carotenoid. Examples of the carotenoid include carotene such as β-carotene, α-carotene and lycopene; xanthophylls such as lutein, cantaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, fucoxanthin, violaxanthin, lycopene, crosin and capsantin; , Bixin, norbicin, apocarotenoids such as crocetin and the like. Among them, one or more selected from the group consisting of carotene and xanthophyll is preferable, and one or more selected from the group consisting of β-carotene, α-carotene and astaxanthin is more preferable. , Β-carotene and astaxanthin are more preferably one or two selected from the group, and β-carotene is even more preferable.
As the carotenoid decomposition product, any edible pigment or the like approved and approved as a food additive can be more preferably used because its edible safety has been generally confirmed. As the carotenoid decomposition product, one type may be used alone, two or more types may be used in combination, or two or more types of carotenoids may be used in combination and decomposed in a mixed state.

The carotenoid decomposition product is not particularly limited, but it is preferably obtained by oxidizing the carotenoid in the fat and oil, and more preferably obtained by heat-oxidizing the carotenoid in the fat and oil.

The bitterness inhibitor preferably has a content of 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less of the carotenoid decomposition product in terms of the amount of carotenoid in the state before decomposition, and is preferably 10 mass ppm or more and 30,000 mass ppm. It is more preferable that the content is as follows, and it is further preferable that the content is 30 mass ppm or more and 20000 mass ppm or less.

The oral composition containing the bitterness suppressant and the bitterness component includes pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, foods, etc., of which foods are preferable. The amount of the bitterness inhibitor of the present invention to be added to the oral composition is not particularly limited, but if the carotenoid decomposition product is used as an index, the total content of the carotenoid and its decomposition product is the said before the decomposition step. It is preferable to include the fat and oil composition containing the carotenoid decomposition product in the oral composition so that the amount converted to the amount of carotenoid is 1 × ^{10-5 mass ppm or more and 1 mass ppm or less, and 1 × 10 -4} mass. more preferably allowed to contain such a ppm to 1 mass ppm or less, 1 × ^{10 -3} wt ppm to 1 mass ppm be allowed to contain as to become less and more preferably, 1 mass or more 1 × ^{10 -2} ppm by weight It is even more preferable to include it so as to be ppm or less.

The carotenoid decomposition product is appropriately added to other suitable edible fats and oils (hereinafter, also referred to as "fat and oil") as long as the functionality of the oral composition containing the desired bitterness component is not impaired, to add the carotenoid decomposition product. The oil / fat composition may be contained. Other edible oils and fats include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, corn oil, olive oil, sesame oil, red flower oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, rice oil, peanut oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil and other vegetable oils, beef fat, and lard. Examples thereof include animal fats and oils such as fats, chicken fats, fish oils and milk fats, medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides, and processed fats and oils obtained by subjecting these fats and oils to separation, hydrogenation, ester exchange and the like. As these edible oils and fats, one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be mixed. In the fat and oil composition, one kind of carotenoid decomposition product may be contained alone in another edible fat and oil, or two or more kinds of carotenoid decomposition products may be used in combination. When two or more kinds of carotenoid decomposition products are used in combination, the content is the total content of the two or more kinds.

It is preferable that the amount of the carotenoid decomposition product added to the edible oil / fat is 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid in the state before decomposition, and is preferably 10 mass ppm or more and 30,000 mass ppm. It is more preferable that the content is as follows, and it is further preferable that the content is 30 mass ppm or more and 20000 mass ppm or less.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a bitterness inhibitor of an oral composition containing a bitterness component, which comprises a step of oxidizing carotenoids in fats and oils to obtain a carotenoid decomposition product.

The carotenoid decomposition product can be obtained by a predetermined heat treatment or the like, which is carried out while arbitrarily blowing oxygen (air). Further, a carotenoid decomposition product may be appropriately extracted or concentrated from the oil / fat composition containing the carotenoid-derived product. The extraction and concentration methods are not particularly limited, and for example, an extraction method using an organic solvent, column chromatography, molecular distillation, or steam distillation can be adopted.

The fats and oils used in the oxidation treatment can be obtained by adding the carotenoids to the raw material fats and oils. As the raw material oil, it is preferable to use one or more selected from the group consisting of medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride and vegetable oil, and one or two selected from the group consisting of medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride and rapeseed oil. Is more preferable, and it is further preferable to use a medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride. The medium-chain fatty acid preferably has 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms. The oil and fat used in the oxidation treatment preferably has an iodine value (hereinafter, also referred to as “IV”) of 0 or more and 140 or less, more preferably 0 or more and 130 or less, and 0 or more and 120 or less. Is even more preferable. The content of carotenoids in the fats and oils used in the oxidation treatment is preferably 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less, and is preferably 10 mass ppm or more and 30,000 mass ppm or less. It is more preferable that the content is 30 mass ppm or more and 20000 mass ppm or less.

Further, the fats and oils used in the oxidation treatment may be palm-based fats and oils in which the total content of β-carotene and α-carotene is 50 mass ppm or more and 2000 mass ppm or less. The palm-based fat and oil used in the present invention may be any fat or oil obtained from the fruit of oil palm, and may be subjected to treatments such as molecular distillation, fractionation, degumming, deoxidation, decolorization, and deodorization. The method of each treatment is not particularly limited, and a method usually used for processing / refining of fats and oils can be adopted. For example, the separation can be performed by solvent separation and low temperature filtration.

The total content of β-carotene and α-carotene contained in the palm-based fat and oil is preferably 50 mass ppm or more and 1000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 80 mass ppm or more and 500 mass ppm or less, 120 mass ppm or more. It is more preferably mass ppm or more and 500 mass ppm or less. As for the palm-based fats and oils, one type having a total content of β-carotene and α-carotene within the above range may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination and mixed so as to be within the above range. May be good.

The IV of the palm-based fats and oils is preferably 20 or more and 90 or less, more preferably 40 or more and 80 or less, and further preferably 50 or more and 70 or less.

In the oxidation treatment of the palm-based fats and oils, the peroxide value of the palm-based fats and oils (hereinafter, also referred to as “POV”) is preferably oxidized to be 3 or more and 250 or less, and preferably 10 or more and 200 or less. It is more preferable to oxidize, more preferably 50 or more and 120 or less, and even more preferably 50 or more and 100 or less. The palm-based fats and oils can be oxidized to obtain a POV in a predetermined range, but the method of oxidation is not particularly limited. By setting the POV within a predetermined range, carotenoids in the palm-based fats and oils can be decomposed.

From the viewpoint of production on an industrial scale, the oxidation treatment is carried out by housing the container in an appropriate container such as a tank, and then heating means such as an electric heating type, an open flame burner type, a microwave type, a steam type, and a hot air type provided in the container. Therefore, it is preferable to carry out a predetermined heat treatment. The conditions of the heat treatment may be appropriately set so that a desired amount of the result product (for example, carotenoid decomposition product) can be obtained. It depends on the type of carotenoid and the type of raw material oil used as the base oil, and it is not unconditional, but typically, for example, the heating temperature is 50 ° C or higher and 220 ° C or lower, and the heating time is 0.1 hour or higher and 240 hours or lower. More typically, for example, the heating temperature is 60 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower, and the heating time is 1 hour or longer and 100 hours or lower. The condition of the product of the heating temperature (° C.) and the heating time (hours) (hereinafter, also referred to as “temperature × time”) is typically, for example, heat treatment at 200 or more and 20000 or less, which is more typical. For example, heat treatment is carried out at 300 or more and 16000 or less, and more typically, heat treatment is carried out at 400 or more and 14000 or less, for example, and a desired amount of result product (for example, carotenoid decomposition product) is obtained. It may be set appropriately so that it can be used.

Further, in the oxidation treatment, oxygen (air) may be supplied by taking in oxygen from the open space of the container by stirring or blowing oxygen. The oxygen source may be air or the like. This promotes the degradation of carotenoids. In that case, the amount of oxygen supplied is preferably 0.001 to 2 L / min per 1 kg of fats and oils used in the oxidation treatment. For example, in the case of air, it is preferably 0.005 to 10 L / min, more preferably 0.01 to 5 L / min, per 1 kg of fats and oils used in the oxidation treatment.

The oxidized product containing the carotenoid decomposition product obtained as described above may be further mixed with other fats and oils to form a fats and oils composition. The other fats and oils and their concentrations are as described above.

According to the present invention, by incorporating the above-mentioned bitterness inhibitor into an oral composition containing a bitterness component, the effect of suppressing the bitterness of the bitterness component is excellent. Here, "suppressing" includes reducing the bitterness and, by extension, making it unnoticeable. In particular, according to the present invention, it is excellent in the effect of suppressing the bitterness of the aftertaste remaining in the mouth. The effect of suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition containing such a bitterness component can be objectively determined by, for example, a sensory evaluation by a professional panelist who satisfies a fair level.

The bitterness component to which the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and for example, polyphenols such as cacao polyphenol, oleuropine aglycon, catechin, anthocyanin, isoflavone, tannin, and chlorogenic acid, vitamin B group such as vitamin B1 and vitamin B2, and others. Vitamins, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, copper, zinc and minerals such as salts thereof, proteins such as casein, whey and collagen, and peptides or amino acids obtained by decomposing them, caffeine, theobromine and narringine. , Sulforafan and the like. Among them, one or more selected from the group consisting of cacao polyphenol, oleuropine aglycon, catechin, anthocyanin, isoflavone, tannin, chlorogenic acid, and sulforaphane is preferable, and the group consisting of cacao polyphenol, oleuropine aglycon, and sulforaphane is preferable. It is more preferable that it is one or more selected from, and it is more preferable that it is one or two selected from the group consisting of cacao polyphenols and sulforaphane.

The amount to be blended in the oral composition containing the bitter taste component is not particularly limited, but if the carotenoid decomposition product is used as an index, the total content of the carotenoid and its decomposition product is the said before the step of decomposition. is preferably allowed to contain oil composition containing the carotenoid degradation product so that 1 × 10 ^-8 mass ppm to 10 mass ppm or less as an amount converted to carotenoid amount oral composition, 1 × 10 ^-7 weight more preferably allowed to contain such a 8 mass ppm inclusive ppm, more preferably to allowed to contain as equal to or less than 1 × ^{10 -6} ppm by weight or more 4 mass ppm, 2 mass or more 1 × ^{10 -5} mass ppm It is even more preferable to include it so as to be ppm or less.

The material exhibiting a bitter taste is not particularly limited as long as it contains the bitter taste component. More specifically, for example, arugula, bitter gourd, seri, Jerusalem artichoke, kale, saffron, sesame, turmeric, olive, tea leaves, coffee, distilled liquor containing gin and the like can be mentioned.

The oral composition to which the present invention is applied is not particularly limited as long as it contains the bitter taste component. It is also taken orally by humans and animals, and includes oral medicine, food and feed. More specifically, for example, processed products such as fruits, vegetables, seafood; paste products; cooked foods; delicatessen; snacks; processed foods; nutritional foods; tea beverages, coffee beverages, fruit juice beverages, carbonated beverages , Beverages such as soft drinks, functional drinks, alcoholic drinks, sports drinks; cold drinks such as ice cream and sherbet; desserts such as jelly, candy, gummy, gum, pudding, sheep cans; cookies, cakes, chocolate, chewing gum, Beverages such as buns; Breads such as sweet bread and bread; Jam; Tablets such as ramune and tablets; Instant foods such as instant coffee and instant soup; Sweet preparations such as gum syrup and stick sugar; Seasoning; Dressings Oral medicine; pet food; feed, etc. The content of the bitterness component contained in the food is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.00001 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.00005 to 4% by mass.

When the carotenoid decomposition product is used in the form of a bitterness inhibitor, it may be in a form that can be used in an oral composition and that can keep the carotenoid decomposition product in a well-dispersed state or stable. There is no particular limitation on the pharmaceutical form. For example, it may be prepared into liquid fats and oils, margarine, fat spreads, shortenings, powdered fats and oils, etc., which are mainly composed of fats and oils, or a solution containing a small amount of fats and oils, by a pharmaceutical technique well known to those skilled in the art. It may be prepared in the form of a form, a powder form, a gel form, a granular form, or the like, and these forms can be arbitrarily adopted. The oxidized product containing the carotenoid decomposition product and the oil / fat composition containing the carotenoid decomposition product may be used as it is as a form for using the carotenoid decomposition product as it is for suppressing the bitterness of the oral composition.

In any non-limiting aspect of the present invention, a composition in which bitterness is suppressed may be prepared by including a carotenoid decomposition product in the bitterness component. The composition can also be suitably used as a raw material for the oral composition. In this case, as the bitterness component to be contained in the composition, those contained in the material such as foodstuff may be used together with the material, or may be extracted or refined. In the composition, the amount of the carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of the bitterness component ^{is preferably 1 × 10 -10} parts by mass or more and 1 × 10 ⁻² parts by mass or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition, 1 × 10 ^-9 parts by mass or more and 1 × 10 ^-3 parts by mass or less is more preferable, 1 × 10 ^-8 parts by mass or more and 1 × 10 ^-4 parts by mass or less is further preferable, and 1 × 10 ^-7 parts by mass or more and 1 × 10 ^{-5 by mass.} It is even more preferably parts by mass or less.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but these examples do not limit the present invention in any way.

First, the palm-based fats and oils, base oils and carotenoids used in this example are listed below, as well as a method for quantifying β-carotene, α-carotene and astaxanthin, measurement of peroxide value (POV), and iodine value (IV). ) Will be described.

[Palm oils and fats]
-Red palm oil 1 (molecular distillation, single fractionation): IV = 58, total content of β-carotene and α-carotene 373 ppm by mass, trade name "Carocino Pure Olein" (manufactured by Carotino)
-Red palm oil 2 (molecular distillation, single fractionation): IV = 58, total content of β-carotene and α-carotene 444 mass ppm, trade name "Carocino Pure Olein" (manufactured by Carotino)
-Red palm oil 3 (molecular distillation, single fractionation): IV = 58, total content of β-carotene and α-carotene 457 mass ppm, trade name "Carocino Pure Olein" (manufactured by Carotino)
-Red palm oil 4 (no refining, low temperature filtration): IV = 57, total content of β-carotene and α-carotene 341% by mass ppm, trade name "EV REDPALM OIL" (manufactured by Rainforest Herb)
-Mixed red palm oil: IV = 58, the above red palm oil 1 and palm olein (in-house prepared product) are mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 2. Total content of β-carotene and α-carotene 115% by mass ppm

[Base oil and carotenoids]
-MCT (medium chain fatty acid triglyceride): IV = 0, trade name "Coconade MT" (manufactured by Kao Corporation)
・ Rapeseed oil: IV = 115, trade name "AJINOMOTO Sarasara Canola Oil" (manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.)
-Β-carotene: 30% β-carotene suspension (manufactured by DSM)
-Astaxanthin: Astaxanthin oil Astaxanthin AR5 (manufactured by Biogenic Co., Ltd.)

[Quantification of β-carotene and α-carotene]
The quantification of β-carotene and α-carotene was performed by analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (hereinafter, also referred to as “HPLC analysis”). Specifically, 0.5 g of palm-based fat or oil or an oxidized product is weighed, measured up to 10 mL each with acetone: tetrahydrofuran = 1: 1 (volume ratio), subjected to HPLC analysis, and β-carotene is subjected to a calibration curve. And the content of α-carotene was quantified. The calibration curve is HPLC-analyzed at predetermined concentrations using β-carotene (model number 035-05531) and α-carotene (model number 035-17981) reagents (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as quantitative samples. It was created from the peak area when it was used in. The main analysis conditions are shown below.

(HPLC conditions)
-Detector: Photodiode array detector "2996 PHOTODE ODE ARRAY DETECTOR" (manufactured by Waters), detected at 300-600 nm-Column: Sim-pack VP-ODS, 4.6 mm ID x 250 mm, 4.6 μm (Shimadzu Co., Ltd.) Made by Mfg. Co., Ltd.)
-Column temperature: 50 ° C
・ Injection amount: 5 μL
-Flow velocity: 1.2 mL / min-Mobile phase A: Acetonitrile-Mobile phase B: Ethanol-Mobile phase C: Acetone-Gradient Conditions: Shown in Table 1.

[Quantification of astaxanthin]
The method for quantifying astaxanthin will be described below. Quantification was performed by HPLC analysis. Specifically, 2 g of carotenoids, edible fats and oils to which carotenoids have been added, or oxidized fats and oils compositions are weighed, measured up to 10 mL with acetone, dissolved and subjected to HPLC analysis, and the astaxanthin content is determined from the calibration curve. Quantified. The calibration curve was prepared from the peak area when astaxanthin (model number 600113) reagent (manufactured by MedKoo Biosciences) was used as a quantitative standard and subjected to HPLC analysis at each predetermined concentration. The main analysis conditions are shown below.

(HPLC conditions)
-Detector: Photodiode array detector "2996 PHOTODE ODE ARRAY DETECTOR" (manufactured by Waters), detected at 400-600 nm-Column: YMC Carotenoid, 4.6 mm ID x 250 mm, 5 μm (manufactured by YMC Co., Ltd.)
-Column temperature: 25 ° C
・ Injection amount: 10 μL
-Flow velocity: 1.0 mL / min-Mobile phase A: Methanol-Mobile phase B: tert-butyl methyl ether-Mobile phase C: Water-Gradient conditions: Shown in Table 2.

[Measurement of peroxide value (POV)]
It was measured according to "Standard oil and fat analysis test method 2.5.2 Peroxide value" (Japan Oil Chemists' Society).

[Measurement of iodine value (IV)]
It was measured according to "Standard Oil and Fat Analysis Test Method 2.3.4 Iodine Value" (Japan Oil Chemists' Society).

[Aojiru, olives and chocolate]
The green juice, olives and chocolate used in this example are listed below.

・ Aojiru: Made by Shin Nihon Yakuhin Co., Ltd. (Sulsulafan content 10% by mass)
-Olive oil: Product name "FILIPPO BERIO (R) Extra Virgin Olive" (manufactured by J-Oil Mills Co., Ltd.) (Polyphenol content including oleuropein aglycone 244 ppm by mass)
-Chocolate cacao 72%: Product name "Chocolate effect cacao 72%" (manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) (cacao polyphenol content 25400 mass ppm)
-Chocolate cacao 86%: Product name "Chocolate effect cacao 86%" (manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) (cacao polyphenol content 29400% by mass)
-Chocolate cacao 95%: Product name "Chocolate effect cacao 95%" (manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) (cacao polyphenol content 34800 mass ppm)

〔sensory evaluation〕
The method of sensory evaluation is described below. The sensory evaluation was performed by a specialized panel of 2 to 8 people, and the evaluation was made based on the scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 shown in the following criteria. The median and average values were calculated from the evaluation values of each specialized panel.

(standard)
(Quality of bitterness)
3 Almost no bitterness 2 Slightly less bitter than the control 1 Slightly less bitter than the control 0 Equivalent to the control

[Test Example 1] (Evaluation with green juice Part 1)
<Preparation of oxidized products of edible fats and oils>
Various palm-based fats and oils shown in Table 3 were used, and their oxidized products were prepared. Specifically, red palm oil containing β-carotene and α-carotene in a predetermined content (mass ppm) was prepared, and the mixture was heat-treated under the heat treatment conditions shown in Table 3 while stirring. Oxidized products of Examples 1 to 6 were obtained. As shown in Table 3, heat treatment was performed while blowing a predetermined amount of air. Further, one of the raw material red palm oils which was not heat-treated was used as a control in Comparative Example 1.

Table 3 shows the red palm oil used, the contents of β-carotene and α-carotene in the red palm oil and their total contents, heat treatment conditions, β-carotene and α-carotene after heat treatment. The residual amount, the total residual amount thereof, the POV value measured before and after the heat treatment, and the temperature × time value are shown. In Example 5, the red palm oil was heated at 120 ° C. for 5 hours and then further heated at 80 ° C. for 5 hours.

As shown in Table 3, the content of β-carotene and α-carotene contained in palm-based fats and oils is reduced by heat treatment, and by heating for a longer period of time or raising the temperature, the palm-based fats and oils are contained. It was possible to decompose all of β-carotene and α-carotene. On the other hand, the value of POV increased due to the heat treatment. The total residual amount of β-carotene and α-carotene in Example 3 was 265 mass ppm, whereas the total residual amount of β-carotene and α-carotene in Example 5 was 198 mass ppm. Therefore, the decomposition of β-carotene and α-carotene was promoted by increasing the value of temperature × time. Further, as seen in Examples 1, 2, 4, and 6, β-carotene and α-carotene in red palm oil could be decomposed by 99% by mass or more when the value of temperature × time was 4000 or more.

<Preparation of edible oil and fat composition>
The heat-treated fats and oils of Examples 1 to 6 containing the carotenoid decomposition products prepared by heat-treating red palm oil were contained in rapeseed oil in an amount of 1% by mass, and the carotenoid decomposition products were converted into the amount of the carotenoids before the oxidation treatment. An edible oil / fat composition containing 1.08 to 4.57 mass ppm as an amount was prepared. Further, as a control, 1% by mass of rapeseed oil was added to Comparative Example 1, which is one of the raw material red palm oils not heat-treated, to prepare an edible oil / fat composition.

<Preparation and evaluation of green juice>
The green juice prepared by containing the edible oil / fat composition prepared above in the formulation shown in Table 4 was subjected to sensory evaluation. Specifically, the bitterness-suppressing effect when the obtained green juice is eaten is compared with the green juice to which an edible oil / fat composition containing one of the raw material red palm oils that is not heat-treated is added as a control. ,evaluated. As shown in Table 4, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of three specialists.

As a result, as shown in Table 4, the oil and fat compositions of Examples 1 to 6 containing the carotenoid decomposition products were compared with the edible oil and fat compositions containing one of the raw material red palm oils which were not heat-treated as Comparative Example 1. It was clarified that the edible oil / fat composition contained therein has an effect of suppressing the bitterness of green juice. In particular, in Preparation Example 1-6 containing the edible oil / fat composition containing the oil / fat composition (see Table 3) of Example 5 having a POV value of 56, the effect of suppressing bitterness was high. Regarding the green juice of Preparation Example 1-6, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of sulforaphane was 1.4 × 10 ^-3 parts by mass in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.

[Test Example 2] (Evaluation with green juice Part 2)
Next, an edible oil / fat composition was prepared by adding 0.1% by mass of the oil / fat compositions of Examples 1 to 6 prepared in Table 3 to rapeseed oil, and this was added to the green juice with the formulation shown in Table 5. The sensory evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1. As shown in Table 5, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of three specialists, and the edible oil and fat composition prepared by adding 0.1% by mass of Comparative Example 1 in Table 3 to rapeseed oil instead of the control in Test Example 1 The green juice of Preparation Example 2-1 containing the substance was used as a control.

As a result, as shown in Table 5, the oil and fat compositions of Examples 1 to 6 containing the carotenoid decomposition products were compared with the edible oil and fat compositions containing one of the raw material red palm oils which were not heat-treated as Comparative Example 1. It was clarified that the edible oil / fat composition contained therein has an effect of suppressing the bitterness of green juice. Therefore, it has been clarified that the fat and oil composition containing the carotenoid decomposition product prepared by heat-treating red palm oil exhibits a bitterness-suppressing effect even if the content is reduced to 10 mass ppm in green juice. rice field. Regarding the green juice of Preparation Example 2-7 in which a relatively high effect was observed in this sensory evaluation, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of sulforaphane was 3.7 × in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition. ^{It was 10-4} parts by mass.

[Test Example 3] (Evaluation with green juice Part 3)
<Preparation of powdered fats and oils>
Using the fat and oil composition of Example 6 containing the carotenoid decomposition product prepared by heat-treating red palm oil, the raw materials shown in Table 6 were mixed and spray-dried to obtain the powdered fat and oil of Example 7. rice field. Further, as a control, the powdered fat and oil of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner except for the fat and oil composition of Example 6.

<Preparation and evaluation of green juice containing powdered fats and oils>
The powdered fats and oils prepared according to the formulations shown in Table 6 were added to the green juice according to the formulations shown in Table 7, stirred sufficiently, and cooled to 4 ° C. The obtained powdered fat-containing green juice was subjected to sensory evaluation in the same manner as in Test Example 1. As shown in Table 7, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of three specialists, and instead of the control in Test Example 1, the powdered fat-containing green juice of Preparation Example 3-1 containing the powdered fat of Comparative Example 2 in Table 6 was used. Was used as a control.

As a result, as shown in Table 7, the powdered fat and oil of Example 7 containing the carotenoid decomposition product has an effect of suppressing the bitterness of green juice as compared with the powdered fat and oil of Comparative Example 2 containing no carotenoid decomposition product. Became clear.

[Test Example 4] (Evaluation with olive oil Part 1)
<Preparation and evaluation of olive oil>
The oil and fat compositions of Examples 2 and 6 prepared in Table 3 were added to rapeseed oil in an amount of 1% by mass to prepare an edible oil and fat composition, which was then contained in olive oil in the formulation shown in Table 8 to form Test Example 1. Sensory evaluation was performed in the same way. As shown in Table 8, the sensory evaluation was carried out by two specialized panels, and instead of the control in Test Example 1, an edible oil / fat composition prepared by containing 1% by mass of Comparative Example 1 in Table 3 in rapeseed oil was used. The olive oil of Preparation Example 4-1 containing the mixture was used as a control.

As a result, as shown in Table 8, all of the fat and oil compositions containing carotenoid decomposition products had an effect of suppressing bitterness on all olive oils. In particular, in Preparation Example 4-3 containing the oil and fat composition of Example 6 of Table 3 showing a POV value of 56, the effect of suppressing bitterness was high. Regarding the olive oil of Preparation Example 4-3, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of oleuropein aglycone was 1.5 × 10 ^-4 parts by mass in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.

[Test Example 5] (Evaluation with chocolate 1)
<Preparation and evaluation of 72% chocolate cacao>
The oil and fat composition of Example 6 prepared in Table 3 was used, and this was incorporated into chocolate with the formulation shown in Table 9, and the sensory evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. For chocolate, 72% of chocolate cacao (trade name "Chocolate effect cacao 72%", manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in a water bath, and the fat and oil composition 200 or 2000 mass ppm is contained in the formulation shown in Table 9, and then 4 Prepared by hardening at ° C. As shown in Table 9, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of 5 people, and 72% of chocolate cacao of Preparation Example 5-1 including Comparative Example 1 in Table 3 was used as a control instead of the control in Test Example 1. ..

As a result, as shown in Table 9, the fat and oil compositions containing the carotenoid decomposition products had an effect of suppressing bitterness on all 72% of chocolate cacao. In particular, in Preparation Example 5-3 containing 2000 mass ppm of the fat and oil composition of Example 6 of Table 3 showing a POV value of 56, the effect of suppressing bitterness was high. Regarding the chocolate of Preparation Example 5-3, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of cacao polyphenol was 2.9 × ^10-6 parts by mass in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.

[Test Example 6] (Evaluation with chocolate, part 2)
<Preparation and evaluation of 86% chocolate cacao>
The oil and fat composition of Example 6 prepared in Table 3 was used, and this was incorporated into chocolate with the formulation shown in Table 10, and the sensory evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1. For chocolate, 86% of chocolate cacao (trade name "Chocolate effect cacao 86%", manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in a water bath, and the fat and oil composition 200 or 2000 mass ppm is contained in the formulation shown in Table 10, and then 4 Prepared by hardening at ° C. As shown in Table 10, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of 8 people, and 86% of chocolate cacao of Preparation Example 6-1 including Comparative Example 1 in Table 3 was used as a control instead of the control in Test Example 1. ..

As a result, as shown in Table 10, all of the fat and oil compositions containing carotenoid decomposition products had an effect of suppressing bitterness on all 86% of chocolate cacao. Further, in Preparation Example 6-2 containing 200 mass ppm of the fat and oil composition of Example 6 in Table 3 showing a POV value of 56 and Preparation Example 6-3 containing 2000 mass ppm, the bitterness suppressing effect was almost the same. there were. Regarding the chocolates of Preparation Examples 6-2 and 6-3 in which a relatively high effect was observed in this sensory evaluation, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of cacao polyphenol was converted into the amount of carotenoid before decomposition. It was 2.5 × 10 ^-6 to 2.5 × 10 ^-5 parts by mass.

[Test Example 7] (Evaluation with chocolate, part 3)
<Preparation and evaluation of 95% chocolate cacao>
The oil and fat composition of Example 6 prepared in Table 3 was used, and this was incorporated into chocolate with the formulation shown in Table 11, and the sensory evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1. For chocolate, 95% chocolate cacao (trade name "chocolate effect cacao 95%", manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in a water bath, and the fat and oil composition 200 or 2000 mass ppm is contained in the formulation shown in Table 11, and then 4 Prepared by hardening at ° C. As shown in Table 11, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of 6 people, and 95% of chocolate cacao of Preparation Example 7-1 including Comparative Example 1 in Table 3 was used as a control instead of the control in Test Example 1.

As a result, as shown in Table 11, all of the fat and oil compositions containing carotenoid decomposition products had an effect of suppressing bitterness on all 95% of chocolate cacao. Further, in Preparation Example 7-2 containing 200 mass ppm of the fat and oil composition of Example 6 in Table 3 showing a POV value of 56 and Preparation Example 7-3 containing 2000 mass ppm, the bitterness suppressing effect was almost the same. there were. Regarding the chocolates of Preparation Examples 7-2 and 7-3 in which a relatively high effect was observed in this sensory evaluation, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of cacao polyphenol was converted into the amount of carotenoid before decomposition. It was 2.1 × 10 ^-6 to 2.1 × 10 ^-5 parts by mass.

[Test Example 8] (Evaluation with green juice No. 4)
<Preparation of oxidized fats and oils with carotenoids added>
An oxidized product was prepared by using the rapeseed oil and medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride (hereinafter, also referred to as “MCT”) shown in Table 12 as base oils and adding β-carotene or astaxanthin as carotenoids. Specifically, β-carotene or astaxanthin was added to the base oil in a predetermined content (mass ppm), and this was heat-treated under each heat treatment condition shown in Table 12 with stirring, and Examples 8 to 13 were carried out. Oxidized product of. As shown in Table 12, except for Example 9, the heat treatment was performed while blowing air at a predetermined amount (0.2 L / min). Further, one of the base oils not subjected to the heat treatment was used as a control in Comparative Example 3.

In Table 12, the base oil used, the content of β-carotene or astaxanthin in the base oil, the heat treatment conditions, the residual amount of β-carotene or astaxanthin after the heat treatment, and the values of temperature × time are shown. show. For Examples 8, 12 and 13, the base oil was heated at 120 ° C. for 5 hours and then further heated at 80 ° C. for 5 hours.

As shown in Table 12, the content of β-carotene or astaxanthin contained in the base oil is reduced by the heat treatment, and β-carotene in the base oil is increased by heating for a longer period of time or raising the temperature. Or all of astaxanthin could be degraded. Further, even in Example 9 in which air was not blown, all β-carotene in the base oil could be decomposed.

<Preparation of edible oil and fat composition>
The oil and fat compositions of Examples 8 to 13 containing the carotenoid decomposition product prepared by adding carotenoid to the base oil and undergoing an oxidation treatment were contained in rapeseed oil in an amount of 1% by mass, and the carotenoid decomposition product was contained in the rapeseed oil in an amount of 1% by mass. An edible oil / fat composition containing 0.3 to 282.13 mass ppm as an amount converted into an amount was prepared. Further, as for Comparative Example 3, which is one of the base oils not heat-treated, an edible oil / fat composition was prepared by adding 1% by mass to rapeseed oil as a control.

The green juice prepared by containing the edible oil / fat composition prepared above in the formulation shown in Table 13 was subjected to sensory evaluation in the same manner as in Test Example 1. Specifically, the effect of suppressing the bitterness when the obtained green juice is eaten is controlled by using green juice to which an edible oil / fat composition containing one of the base oils not heat-treated is added as a control as Comparative Example 3. evaluated. As shown in Table 13, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of three specialists.

As a result, as shown in Table 13, as compared with the edible oil / fat composition containing one of the base oils not heat-treated as Comparative Example 3, the oil / fat composition of Examples 8 to 13 containing the carotenoid decomposition product was contained. It was clarified that the edible oil / fat composition has an effect of suppressing the bitterness of green juice. In particular, in Preparation Example 8-7 containing the edible oil / fat composition containing the oil / fat composition of Example 13 (see Table 12), the effect of suppressing bitterness was high. Regarding the green juice of Preparation Example 8-7, which was most effective in this sensory evaluation, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of sulforaphane was converted to the amount of carotenoid before decomposition 5.3 × 10 ^-4. It was a mass part.

[Test Example 9] (Evaluation with green juice No. 5)
The oil and fat compositions of Examples 8 to 13 prepared in Table 12 were added to rapeseed oil in an amount of 0.1% by mass to prepare an edible oil and fat composition, which was contained in green juice in the formulation shown in Table 14 to prepare a test example. Sensory evaluation was performed in the same manner as in 1. As shown in Table 14, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of three specialists, and the edible oil / fat composition prepared by adding 0.1% by mass of Comparative Example 3 in Table 12 to rapeseed oil instead of the control in Test Example 1 The green juice of Preparation Example 9-1 containing the substance was used as a control.

As a result, as shown in Table 14, as compared with the edible oil / fat composition containing one of the base oils not heat-treated as Comparative Example 3, the oil / fat composition of Examples 8 to 13 containing the carotenoid decomposition product was contained. It was clarified that the edible oil / fat composition has an effect of suppressing the bitterness of green juice. Therefore, the fat and oil composition containing the carotenoid decomposition product prepared by adding carotenoid to the base oil and heat-treating it exhibits a bitterness-suppressing effect even if the content is reduced to 10 mass ppm in green juice. Became clear. Regarding the green juice of Preparation Example 9-6 in which the most effect was observed in this sensory evaluation, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of sulforaphane was converted to the amount of carotenoid before decomposition 5.3 × ^10-5. It was a mass part.

[Test Example 10] (Evaluation with olive oil, part 2)
The oil and fat compositions of Examples 9 and 13 prepared in Table 12 were added to rapeseed oil in an amount of 1% by mass to prepare an edible oil and fat composition. Sensory evaluation was performed in the same way. As shown in Table 15, the sensory evaluation was carried out by two specialized panels, and instead of the control in Test Example 1, an edible oil / fat composition prepared by containing 1% by mass of Comparative Example 3 in Table 12 in rapeseed oil was used. The olive oil of Preparation Example 10-1 containing was used as a control.

As a result, as shown in Table 15, all of the fat and oil compositions containing carotenoid decomposition products had an effect of suppressing bitterness on all olive oils. In particular, in Preparation Example 10-3 containing the edible oil / fat composition containing the oil / fat composition of Example 13 (see Table 12), the effect of suppressing bitterness was high. Regarding the olive oil of Preparation Example 10-3, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of oleuropein aglycone was 2.2 × 10 ^-5 parts by mass in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.

[Test Example 11] (Evaluation with chocolate, part 4)
<Preparation and evaluation of 72% chocolate cacao>
The oil and fat composition of Example 13 prepared in Table 12 was used, and this was incorporated into chocolate with the formulation shown in Table 16 and sensory evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. For chocolate, 72% of chocolate cacao (trade name "Chocolate effect cacao 72%", manufactured by Meiji Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in a water bath to contain 20000 mass ppm of fat and oil composition in the formulation shown in Table 16 and then at 4 ° C. It was hardened and prepared. As shown in Table 16, the sensory evaluation was performed by a panel of three specialists, and 72% of chocolate cacao of Preparation Example 11-1 including Comparative Example 3 in Table 12 was used as a control instead of the control in Test Example 1. ..

As a result, as shown in Table 16, the fat and oil composition containing the carotenoid decomposition product had an effect of suppressing bitterness on 72% of chocolate cacao. Regarding the chocolate of Preparation Example 11-2 in which the effect was confirmed in this sensory evaluation, the amount of carotenoid decomposition product with respect to 1 part by mass of cacao polyphenol was 4.2 × 10 ^-5 mass in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition. It was a club.

2.9 g of Example 6 was mixed with 50 g of cacao polyphenol to produce a bitterness suppressant.

50 g of Example 6 was mixed with 50 g of sulforaphane to produce a bitterness inhibitor.

Claims (21)

A bitterness suppressant of an oral composition containing a bitterness component containing a carotenoid decomposition product as an active ingredient. The bitterness inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the carotenoid decomposition product is one or more decomposition products selected from the group consisting of carotene and xanthophyll. The bitterness suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bitterness suppressant contains the carotenoid decomposition product in an amount of 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition. The bitterness inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carotenoid decomposition product is a carotenoid heat oxidative decomposition product. The bitterness suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is in the form of an oil / fat composition. An oral composition comprising the bitterness suppressant and bitterness component according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A food product containing the bitterness suppressant and bitterness component according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A method for producing a bitterness inhibitor of an oral composition, which comprises a step of oxidizing carotenoids in fats and oils to obtain carotenoid decomposition products. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the fat and oil is a fat and oil obtained by a step of adding a carotenoid to the raw material fat and oil. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the fat and oil is a palm-based fat and oil having a total content of β-carotene and α-carotene of 50 mass ppm or more and 2000 mass ppm or less. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the fat and oil is a fat and oil having an iodine value of 0 or more and 140 or less. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the oxidation treatment is a treatment for oxidizing the fat and oil so that the peroxide value is 3 or more and 250 or less. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the oxidation treatment is carried out by heat treatment at 50 ° C. or higher and 220 ° C. or lower for 0.1 hour or longer and 240 hours or shorter. The manufacturing method according to claim 13, wherein the heat treatment is performed when the product of the heating temperature (° C.) and the heating time (hours) is 20 or more and 20000 or less. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein the oxidation treatment is carried out by supplying oxygen. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 15, which comprises a step of mixing the carotenoid decomposition product with fats and oils. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 16, wherein the bitterness inhibitor contains the carotenoid decomposition product in an amount of 1 mass ppm or more and 40,000 mass ppm or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition. A method for suppressing the bitterness of an oral composition containing a material exhibiting a bitter taste, wherein the material or the oral composition contains a carotenoid decomposition product. The method for suppressing bitterness according to claim 18, wherein the oral composition contains the carotenoid decomposition product in an amount of 1 × ^{10-8% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less in terms of the amount of carotenoid before decomposition.} A method for producing an oral composition containing a material exhibiting a bitter taste, which comprises a step of adding a carotenoid decomposition product to the material or the oral composition. A composition in which bitterness is suppressed, which comprises a bitterness component and a carotenoid decomposition product.